英语构词法在高考中的应用

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高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全:专题01 构词法

高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全:专题01  构词法

专题01 构词法高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。

总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

【考点详解】【命题解读】分析近三年年高考卷,仅在语法填空中涉及到构词法中的就有两到三个小题。

可知,近年高考越来越注重对构词法的考查。

通过引导学生掌握构词法,分析词的组成,有助于学生提高词汇的分析能力,扩大词汇量。

此外,利用构词法还有助于记住单词的形、义和词性,避免出现拼写的错误,提高综合能力。

【考点预测】预计2023年高考将侧重考查词性的转换,命题侧重对名词、形容词、副词的转换的考查。

【复习建议】1.掌握派生法、合成法、转化法2.侧重培养通过语境上下文的推理判断词性的能力3.注重词汇积累考点一(派生法)派生法就是由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。

词根是派生词的基础,而词缀起到决定派生词的词汇意义和语法属性的作用。

(一)形容词的后缀和前缀1. 名词+-cial--形容词benefit--beneficial 有益的office--official 官方的face--facial 面部的race--racial 种族的finance--financial 金融的society--social 社会的【典例剖析】(2022全国卷乙卷) l provide ___________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【答案】financial【解析】设空处后面有名词aid,充当provide的宾语,故修饰名词应当使用形容词作定语。

英语构词法对高考语法填空的指导作用

英语构词法对高考语法填空的指导作用

英语构词法对高考语法填空的指导作用作者:刘舒梦来源:《新课程·中学》2018年第09期摘要:英语词汇里有许多构词法:有通过加前缀、后缀,构成派生词;有通过单词的组合,构成合成词;有通过读音的变化,成为新的词语等,这些构词法对于单词的记忆和学习很有帮助,学好了构词法,可以扩大词汇量,运用派生词的方法,还可以帮助我们完成语法填空中的词类转换题,提高我们做语法填空的准确率。

关键词:英语构词法;派生词;语法填空英语词汇里有许多构词法:有通过加前缀、后缀,构成派生词;有通过单词的组合,构成合成词;有通过读音的变化,成为新的词语等,指导学生掌握构词法扩大单词量,在词类转换题方面对学生进行方法上的培训和引导,了解近三年来语法填空的命题规律和特点,提高做题的正确率,这样学生学习更轻松,老师教学也能达到事半功倍的效果。

基于以上目的,首先对2014~2017年的高考真题词类转换题进行以下分类:一、考查派生副词的用法1.It is_________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017全国卷Ⅲ)2.The title will be _________(official) given to me at a cere-mony in London.(2016全国卷Ⅰ)【考点分析】有不少副词是通过在词根形容词后面加上后缀-ly派生来的,这是近年来高考英语语法填空的一个考查重点。

以上两题的答案分别是certainly,officially,此处之所以要用副词形式,是因为它们均在句子中用作状语。

二、考查派生形容词的用法The central London Railway was one of the most ______(succ-ess) of these new lines,and was opened in 1900.(2017全国卷Ⅱ)【考点分析】构成派生形容词的常见后缀有-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-al,-ive,-ent等。

构词法在高中英语教学中的应用

构词法在高中英语教学中的应用

讲述。 这一环节是练 习听、 说 的良好机会 , 烘托英语课 堂气 氛 ,增强学生的求知欲 ,
提 供 练 习 的 频率 。 4 . 针 对 不 同 水 平 的学 生 听 力 水 平 , 提 不 适合学 生的需求 ,而 必须 对学 生 的学 出 不 同 层次 要 求 。

习 方 式 和 方 法 进 行 改 革 ,使 它成 为 学 生
V +t i o n n .
在 考试 中运用构 词法有 助于 学生更 好地发挥并取得好 的成绩。在阅读理解及 完形填空 中正确地理解把握每个关键 词有
s t r e n g t h e n, s h a r p e n
中学英语大纲指 出: 中学英语教 学的 听、 说、 读、 写的基 本技能……并 同时明确 要 求在第一级 目标及 第二级 目标 中掌握 l 1 O 0个单词和 1 9 4 0个左右的单词 , 这就 要 求 学 生 在 短短 的几 年 里 掌 握 并 运运用单
s p a r e . a d j . 多余 的, 空 闲的 v . 节省 , 分 出…
用这种 方式让 学生学会 自己总结 归
纳, 既学 习 了新 的 生 词 , 同 时 又 复 习 了许
( 政
1 . 转换 法。 即由一个词类直接转换为 另一个词类 , 词性不变。 个词 变成 另一个词。 3 . 合成法。即 由两个或更 多的词合成
词, 即p o l i t i c a l 和s t r e n g t h e n 。

句话 中, 增加 了难度。部分 同学甚至 不知 道该填哪个词 ,有 的同学 大体 上知道 , 但
个老师义不容辞的责任 。以下我将就如 词加 以说明。
英 语 中 的构 词 法 分 为 三种 :

(全)高考英语历年真题详解-构词法

(全)高考英语历年真题详解-构词法

高考英语历年真题详解-构词法2015新课标1卷Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.答案:regularly构词法:形容词构副词,形容构副词一般是在词尾加ly,副词可以修饰动词、形容词、副词与整个句子。

2015新课标2卷In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their(able) to “air condition”a house without using electric equipment.答案:ability构词法:形容词构名词,名词后缀-ity: ability, possibility, probability, responsibility, purity, reality, equalityWalls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat (slow) during cool nights,thus warming the house.答案:slowly构词法:形容词构副词As (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.答案:natural构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-al:natural, additional, educational, national2016全国卷(新课标一)But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (attract).答案:attraction构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ion, -ation:suggestion, action, solution, invention, directionThe title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.答案:officially构词法:形容词构副词2016全国新课标二卷Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of (achieve).答案:achievement构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ment:punishment, argument, agreement, governmentRecent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular).答案:regularly构词法:形容词构副词2016全国卷(新课标三)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.答案:gradually构词法:形容词构副词Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.答案:development构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ment:punishment, argument, agreement, government2017(全国1卷)However, be (care) not to go to extremes.答案:careful构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-ful:beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, successful2017(全国2卷)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must havebeen (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 答案:fairly构词法:形容词构副词This development was only possible with the (introduce) ofelectric-powered engines and lifts.答案:introduction构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ion, -ation:suggestion, action, solution, invention, directionThe central London Railway was one of the most (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.答案:successful构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-ful:beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, successful2017(全国3卷)She is determined to carry on with her ( educate).答案:education构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ion, -ation:suggestion, action, solution, invention, directionIt is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.答案:certainly构词法:形容词构副词2018(全国1卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercisesto (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.答案:strengthen构词法:名词构动词,动词后缀或前缀-en: quicken, weaken, soften, harden; en-: enjoy, encourage, enlargeRunning is cheap, easy and it's always (energy).答案:energetic构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀(t)ic-: realistic , humanistic , enthusiastic , economic2018(全国2卷)A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.答案:actually构词法:形容词构副词This switch has decreased (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.答案:pollution构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ion, -ation:suggestion, action, solution, invention, directionAccording to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total (globe) fertilizer consumption.答案:global构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-al:natural, additional, educational, national2018(全国3卷)I'm a (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.答案:scientist构词法:-ist:pianist, communist, dentist, artist, receptionist2018(浙江卷)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week maybe (afford) but doing this most days adds up.答案:affordable动词构形容,形容词后缀-able, -ible:eatable, enjoyable, acceptable, reasonableResearchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.答案:weight构词法:动词构名词2019(全国1卷)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.答案:poorly构词法:形容词构副词In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a (believe) that populations are increasing.答案:belief构词法:动词构名词,类似的还有relieve-relief2019全国2卷Her years of hard work have (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.答案:finally构词法:形容词构副词We are so proud of her. It's (wonder).答案:wonderful构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-ful:beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, successful2019全国3卷When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.答案:competition构词法:动词构名词,名词后缀-ion, -ation:suggestion, action, solution, invention, directionThey also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.答案:traditional; hugely构词法:名词构形容词;形容词构副词2019浙江卷When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can(easy) see them.答案:easily构词法:形容词构副词School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.答案:traditional构词法:名词构形容词,形容词后缀-al:natural, additional, educational, national。

2024新高考英语复习构词法

2024新高考英语复习构词法

悲伤的:sorrow—sorrowful
高雅的:grace—graceful
可耻的:shame—shameful
-less
无,不
无成效的:fruit—fruitless
无意义的:meaning—meaningless
不痛的:pain—painless
坐立不安的:rest—restless
无望的:hope—hopeless
2.形容词转换为副词
后缀 -ly
意义 以……方式
例词
绝对地:absolute—absolutely
仅仅:bare—barely
真诚地:sincere—sincerely
事实上,真实地:actual—actually
最后:eventual—eventually
很少:rare—rarely
批评性地:critical—critically
具有……特 性的;与…… 有关的
实际的:practice—practical
偶然的:accident—accidental
符合逻辑的:logic—logical
职业的:profession—professional
面部的:face—facial
金融的:finance—financial
有益的:benefit—beneficial
系统的:system—systematic 有同情心的:sympathy—sympathetic
戏剧性的:drama—dramatic
悲观的:pessimism—pessimistic
热心的:enthusiasm—enthusiastic
乐观的:optimism—optimistic
科学的:science—scientific

2023届高考英语复习之语法透析:词性转换(构词法)课件

2023届高考英语复习之语法透析:词性转换(构词法)课件
terror → terrible 可怕的
act → active 积极的;活跃的 ive effect → effective 有效的;生效的
attract → attractive 有吸引力的 impress → impressive 给人印象深刻的
02 考点精析
名词、动词转化 为形容词后缀ous
direct → indirect 间接的
02 考点精析 ir-
前缀 mis-
un
regular → irregular 不规则的 responsible → irresponsible 不负责任的
lead → mislead 误导 understand → misunderstand误解 usual → unusual 不寻常的 willing → unwilling 不愿意的 happy → unhappy 不高兴的 known → unknown 不出名的
02 考点精析
动词转化为名词 后缀ance/ence
appear → appearance 出现;外貌 perform → performance 表演;节目 exist → existence 存在;生存 prefer → preference 偏爱 refer → reference 参考;查阅 guide → guidance 指引;指导
doubt → doubtful 怀疑的 forget → forgetful 健忘的 harm → harmful 有害的 hope → hopeful 有希望的 peace → peaceful 和平的
02 考点精析
名词、动词转化 为形容词后缀
scare → scared 感到恐惧的 -ed confuse → confused 感到困惑的

高考英语语法必考考点(15)构词法(含解析)

 高考英语语法必考考点(15)构词法(含解析)

——————————教育资源共享步入知识海洋————————2019年高考英语语法必考考点(15):构词法含解析李仕才【考点解读】英语词性是可以相互转化的。

词性的转换有两种方法:转化法和缀合法(派生法)。

一、转化法转化法是由一个词类转化为另一个词类的方法,即某一个词早期迁移定型为某一个词义和词类,后来通过词义扩大或比喻等方法把它活用为其它词义和词类的方法,一般在转化义和原义之间有明显的联系。

转化法一般多用于简单音节的词汇中。

转化法主要分为如下四种类型:1. 动词转化为名词。

多用来表示一次性动作,或与动作相关的事物。

①We stopped there for a swim.我们在那儿停下来游了一会儿泳。

swim原为动词“游泳”。

②Xiao Liu's answers is perfectly right.小刘的回答是完全正确的。

answer原为动词“回答”。

2. 名词转化为动词。

这类词多与名词所具有的特殊动作有关,也是修辞。

例如:①He wolfed down three bowls of rice.他狼吞虎咽地吃了三大碗饭。

wolf.原为名词“狼”。

②He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.他坚持不睡觉来护理这个女孩。

nurse.原为名词“护士”。

3. 形容词转化为动词。

①He had blacked his face with soot.他已经用煤灰把脸抹黑了。

black 原为形容词“黑色的”。

②My father is emptying a box of rubbish into a rubbish-cart.我爸爸正将垃圾倒入垃圾车。

empty原为形容词“空的”。

4. 形容词转化为名词。

即用性质来指代这种性质的事物。

例如:①My mother likes red.我妈妈喜欢红色(的)。

red原为形容词“红色的”。

②The Chinese are working-hard and brave people.中国人勤劳而勇敢。

英语高考转化构词法

英语高考转化构词法

英语高考转化构词法转化构词法是指通过改变单词的词性或形态,来创造新词或派生词的构词法。

在英语高考中,我们经常会遇到这种构词法,因此对于掌握英语词汇及语法而言,掌握这种构词法是非常重要的。

一、名词转动词这种构词法是将名词转换为动词,常用的形式有加动词后缀,如happen、lengthen等,在英语中,名词转动词的范围非常广泛。

示例:1. Friend - befriend2. Help - help3. Love - love4. Party - party5. Play - play6. Rain - rain7. Road - road8. Smile - smile9. Shop-shop10. Train - train二、动词转名词示例:1. Build- builder2. Cook - cook3. Design - design4. Friend - friendship5. Jog - jogger6. Read - reader7. Smile - smile8. Sing - singer9. Swim - swimmer10. Talk - talker三、形容词转动词这种构词法是将形容词转换为动词,常用的形式有添加动词后缀,如brighten、loosen等。

示例:1. Dark - darken2. Dry - dry3. Quiet - quieten4. Soft - soften5. Wet - wet6. Bright - brighten7. Old - old8. Far - far9. Light - light10. Quick - quicken四、动词转形容词这种构词法是将动词转换为形容词,常用的形式有加形容词后缀,如amused、confused、interested等。

示例:1. Amuse - amused2. Choose - chosen3. Confuse - confused4. Disappoint - disappointed5. E某cite - e某cited6. Fascinate - fascinated7. Interest - interested8. Please - pleased9. Satisfy - satisfied10. Terrify - terrified五、名词转形容词这种构词法是将名词转换为形容词,常用的形式有加形容词后缀,如fiery、cloudy、woody等。

高考英语3500词快速记忆法份

高考英语3500词快速记忆法份

高考英语3500词快速记忆法(1)份高考英语3500词快速记忆法 1高中英语单词快速记忆方法1.读音法在英语单词学习中,利用语音及构词法记忆单词是最常用及有效的方法。

语音记忆是利用词汇的音和形两者之间的联系.结合词汇信息和其发音特征关系,掌握规律后在脑海中反复练习并建立词的音和形对应关系,达到记忆单词的目的。

英语中一定的字母组合形成一定的发音,利用字母组合后的读音规则可掌握词的拼写形式.因此利用词的正确读音来记忆单词是最基本和最好的方法。

大胆地说!对于高级别记忆2-3万词汇的人来说,其它的词汇不用说就已经背下来了。

而这个等级的词汇在阅读材料里非常少,可能阅读十篇文章都很难见到一个这个等级的词。

所以靠阅读来增加见面机会已经不行了。

这些词汇甚至有的老外一辈子都没见过,尤其是GRE词汇,什么“给马穿衣服”,“纽约的流氓”,“从非洲吹向南欧的风”之类的词汇.这些词都是一些很少用到的精致的修辞,也就是说,如果一个英语学习者说的话里净是这些词,那就不用再学英语了,因为你已经可以假冒一位语言学者了。

而且,一般的老外也听不懂您说的这些话,所以不用这些词汇也能表达同样的含义。

不过,如果你真的把英语学到这个程度了,等有机会时不妨可以跟老外讲话中带上这些单词,然后很自豪地、假装谦虚地跟他们解释这些词的含义。

那时,老外要是不说“I服了you!”才怪!高中英语单词快速记忆方法2.大量阅读8000到__这个词汇等级,基本包含了剩下的百分之二十。

这些单词在听力教材里很难找到。

但是,不要停止听的练习,因为听能巩固您的语调感觉,而这是背这个等级单词的一个关键。

不过,背这个等级的词,需要在听以外增加阅读的内容。

阅读,同样要分精读和泛读两种。

泛读要挑文章不太长、生词较少、自己能够耐心看完的文章,也就是说,一篇文章有3-5个不认识词汇为好。

千万不要一上来就看英语报刊杂志小说,那些东西不但很难看懂,而且看懂了也对背单词没什么促进作用。

泛读也需要大量练习,只要有耐心,又有足够时间,就一直读下去吧!读的时候用不着太仔细,扫一眼明白文章的大致意思就可以了,然后把其中没看懂的词画上记号,用不着琢磨它是什么意思,继续扫描式地读下去。

高中英语高考真题中的构词法归纳

高中英语高考真题中的构词法归纳

【高考必读】2019年高考真题中的构词法近十年高考英语阅读文章中频繁出现派生词、合成词和转化词等基于构词法衍生的新面孔词汇。

有些单词/ 短语在“扩容”后,意义全非。

值得警惕的是,这种构词法词汇的呈现量在2017年后呈加速度增长。

2019全国 I 卷1. hands-on business training 操作性强的商务培训2. joker n 爱开玩笑的人;傻瓜;难以预料的事;难以捉摸的人the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for non-native English 3. Kris trips onspeakers.克勒斯在“-ld”发音上磕绊起来,这个发音对于英语非母语的人来说是一个拼读难点。

► trip on 绊倒;磕巴4. improper pauses 不恰当的停顿数据及身份信息盗窃5. data and identity theft6. fingerprint scan 指纹扫描7. a low-cost device 低成本设备8. by extension 再则就是;引申下去就是9. password n 密码► a username and password 用户名及密码10. commercialize / commercialise v 商业化11. rosy years 花样年华► rosy future 乐观的未来► a rosy picture 美好的画面12. well-explored 探讨充分的促进人际技巧13. jump-start interpersonal skills14. dishonorable behavior 不光彩的行为15. enviable adj 令人羡慕的;令人嫉妒的16. score vt 得分;打分 n 得分;比分最不受欢迎的青少年17. the least well-liked teensn 讨人喜欢;可爱18. likability19. adaptable adj 能适应的;适应力强的20. The clean air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. ► life-giving adj 赋予生命的;维持生命的► energizing adj 增强活力的21. Greenery is good for us.► greenery n 绿色植物;青枝绿叶22. apply sunscreen over the skin在皮肤上涂抹防晒霜► apply make-up / lipstick 抹化妆品 / 唇膏2019全国II卷1. co-author n 联合作者;合著作家2. Here she picks her top reads.在此,她挑选了几本她最喜爱的读物。

【高三英语复习备考】构词法对语法填空的解题帮助(2)

【高三英语复习备考】构词法对语法填空的解题帮助(2)

英语构词法对语法填空的解题帮助英语词汇的构成有一定的规律和法则,这种造词的方法我们叫做“构词法”。

掌握一定的构词法知识,可以降低阅读中的生词量,使阅读更流畅。

当然,构词法也能对我们的高考新题型语法填空产生极大的帮助,所以小编就为同学们整理了一些对我们答题有所帮助的常用构词法及解题技巧,希望能够对同学们有所帮助。

1三种主要构词法英语主要有三种构词法,即转化法、合成法和派生法。

1. 转化法就是把一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类。

如:You can water the flowers with dirty water. 你可以用脏水浇花。

说明:第一个water是动词(浇水),第二个water是名词(水)2. 合成法就是把两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词。

如:Few people realized that dustmen were doing an important job.很少有人意识到清洁工人的工作非常重要。

说明:dustman(清洁工)由dust和man两个单词合成,dustmen是其复数形式。

3. 派生法就是将一个单词附加前缀或后缀,变为一个新单词。

前缀附加在单词前面,一般不改变原词的词类,但会引起词义的变化。

后缀附加在单词后面,一般不改变原词的基本含义,但会引起词类的变化。

如:We think it impossible to finish the work on time.我们认为不可能按时完成这个任务。

说明:impossible就是在词根possible前面加上前缀im-后构成的一个派生词。

词根possible(可能的)和派生词impossible(不可能的)都是形容词,词类没变,词义变了。

My grandpa looks very healthy. 我爷爷看起来很健康。

说明:healthy就是在词根health后加上后缀-y构成的派生词。

health(健康)是名词,healthy(健康的)是形容词,词义不变,词类变了。

超实用高考英语复习:语法填空 --形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(讲义)

超实用高考英语复习:语法填空 --形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换(讲义)

高考英语复习讲义形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换的复习要点距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。

总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

【构建知识体系】【英语学科素养解读】【解密新高考真题】——预测高考命题方向考点二形容词、副词的等级及利用构词法进行词类转换的高考解密2023年命题解读和近三年考点分布home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV.2.【2022·全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.3.【2022·全国甲卷】In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.4.【2022·全国高考乙卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.5.【2021·英语全国甲卷】After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45.(good) than to ride on a piece of history!6.【2021·英语全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 50.(day) routines.7.【2021·全国新高考I卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59.(hot) the spring!8.【2021·全国新高考I卷】Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is —always leaving us 60.(astonish).9.【2021·全国新高考I卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.(ache) legs.10.【2021·全国高考乙卷】Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61.(educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.11.【2021·全国高考乙卷】·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.·Provide 68.(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.12.【2021·浙江卷6月】When the house was built, it was much 39.(small)than it is today.13.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】I told him how 41.(harm) plastic could be to the environment andasked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.14.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】I was so42.(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.15.(2021年1月浙江高考)This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including 20.(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.16.(2020·新课标II卷)The_______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.17.(2020·新课标III卷)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their _________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.18.(2020·山东卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, _________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.2023年命题解读和近三年考点分布populations and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.2.【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷】When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.3.(2022·浙江卷1月)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________(rough)200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.4.【2021·全国新高考I卷】The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58.(undoubted) help you get refreshed!5.(2021年1月浙江高考)But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 18.(sharp).6.(2020·新课标I卷)Landing on the moon’s far side is ______(extreme) challenging.7.(2020·新课标II卷)Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office._______(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.8.(2020·新课标III卷)As the small boat moved, _______ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.2023年命题解读和近三年考点分布考点题型名词语法填空2022 2022·新高考I卷populations;2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷son’s;2022·全国甲卷protection;2022·全国高考乙卷responsibility2021 2021·英语全国甲卷watchtowers;2021·全国新高考I卷humans;2021·全国高考乙卷development;activities;2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷representative 2020 2020·新课标I卷interest;2020·新课标II卷celebration;1.【2022·新高考I卷】The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ______ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.2.【2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷】“He saved my ______ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown.3.【2022·全国高考乙卷】“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a ______ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.4.【2022·全国甲卷】Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ______ (protect).5.(2022年浙江1月真题)When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________ (invite).6.(2021新高考I卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we_________(human)are.7.(2021新高考II卷)A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.8.(2021全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and __________ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people9.(2021全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educate about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________(develop)of the local areas.10.(2021全国乙卷)___________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)11.(2021浙江卷)In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842.12.(2021浙江卷1月)It is calculated by dividing a ________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.13.(2020新课标I卷)The far side of the moon is of particular __________ (interesting) to scientists14.(2020新课标II卷)Chinese New Year is a ___________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.15.(2020新课标III卷)Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.16.(2020浙江卷)Later,they learned to work with the __________ (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas,making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.17.(2020浙江卷1月)For Japan, the__________(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.18. (2020山东卷)Historical __________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题,预测2023年全国新高考试题还会①文体以说明文、记叙文为主。

英语高考考点---名词的构词法及练习(有答案)

英语高考考点---名词的构词法及练习(有答案)

英语高考考点---名词的构成及练习(附答案)构成名词常用的后缀(共有15种方法)1. --- ness形容词+ness变成名词;,辅音字母+Y结尾,该y为i再加nesshappy(快乐的)----happiness(快乐)clever(聪明的)---- cleverness(聪明)kind(善良的)----kindness(善良) polite(有礼貌的)politeness(礼貌)2. ---ity形容词+ity变成名词,以e结尾去掉e再加ity,le结尾改为il再加ityReal(真实的)----reality(现实) popular(受欢迎的)-----popularity(受欢迎)pure(纯净的)---purity(纯净) Possible(可能的)---- possibility(可能)probable(大概)---- probability(大概的)3.---ence e nt结尾的形容词变成名词改为enceabsent(缺席的)---- absence(缺席) different (不同的)-------difference(不同)excellent(优秀的)-----excellence(优秀) patient(耐心的)----- patience(耐心)4.--- ance/ancy带“-ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词往往是-ance或-ancy后缀。

例如:distant(遥远的)--distance(远处) important(重要的)---- importance(重要)accept(接受)---acceptance(接受)disappear(消失)---disappearance(消失)5.---ment 动词+ment变成名词develop(发展)---development(发展) enjoy(喜爱)----enjoyment(喜爱)amaze(使惊奇)-----amazement(惊奇) excite(使激动)----excitement(激动)argue(争论)---argument(争论) judge(判断)----judgment(判决)6.--- ion以t结尾的动词+ion变成名词collect(收集)----collection(收集) select(选择)----selection(选择)act(行动)----action(行动) inspect(检查)----inspection(检查)7.---ion 以-ss结尾的动词在转变成与其相对应的名词形式时,可以直接在其后加-ionexpress(表达)----expression(表达) Discuss(讨论)------discussion(讨论)impress(使.....留下印象)-----impression(印象)8 .ation以ate结尾的动词在转变成与其相对的名词形式时,应该去掉不发音的e再加ioneducate(教育)----education(教育) liberate(解放)--- liberation(解放)translate(翻译) - translation(翻译) graduate(毕业)-----graduation(毕业)9.tion以元音字母+辅音字母+e结尾的动词在转换成名词时,通常的做法是先将e改成a然后在其后加-tion(这样做的原因是字母a的读音ei 会使这个词读起来上口)admire(羡慕)---admiration(羡慕) recite(背诵)----- recitation(背诵)prepare(准备)----preparation(准备) invite(邀请)-----invitation(邀请)10 ---sion以de结尾的动词,在转变成与其对应的名词时,去掉字母组合de再加上siondecide(决定)----decision((决定) divide(分开)-----division(分开)provide(提供)----provision(提供) conclude(推断)-conclusion(推论)11. ---ssion以重读闭音节结尾的动词,在转变成与其对应的名词时,先将词尾t,然后再加-ssionadmit(准许)----admission(入场费)permit(许可)----permission(允许)12. ---hoodchild(孩子)----childhood(孩童时期) neighbour(邻居)----neighbourhood(邻居关系)mother(母亲)----motherhood(母亲的身份) brother(兄弟)---brotherhood(兄弟关系) 13.---shipfriend(朋友)---friendship(友谊) relation(关系)--relationship(关系)scholar(学者)---scholarship(学者) citizen(公民)-----citizenship(公民身份)14.---ingfeel(感到,摸)---feeling(感觉) build(建设)---building(建筑物)meet(集合)-----meeting(会议) hear(听)----hearing(听力)15.---thdeep(深的)----depth(深度) wide(宽的)----width(宽度)long(长的)----length(长度) strong(强大的)----strength(力量,强度)一、将下列动词转换为名词。

2021届高考英语词义猜测题题型分类与练习

2021届高考英语词义猜测题题型分类与练习

2021届高考英语词义猜测题题型分类与练习1.词义猜测题——多措并举猜词义此类试题主要考查在特定语境中对生词或熟词生义的猜测能力。

做此类试题通常采用同义解释法,因果推断法、前后对比法、定义释例法、基本构词法和语境理解法。

总之,对于任何词汇的猜测都要基于对特定的语境理解和对主题的恰当把握。

(1)利用构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词,考生可以根据构词法猜测词义。

例题:In recent centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.根据构词法知识可知,-zation为动词构成名词的后缀,意为“……化”,因此,可猜测industrialization为“工业化”之意,而globalization的含义为_全球化__。

(2)利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构,这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。

表示同义近义的信号词/词组常见的有:and,or,similarly,likewise 等。

例题:By translating the rich and humorous text of Lo v e's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.根据上文“By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labour's Lost into the physical language of BSL”中的translating可知,interpretation与translating同义,意为:_翻译__。

2020年高考英语一轮复习第二部分第十二讲构词法课

2020年高考英语一轮复习第二部分第十二讲构词法课
第十二讲 构词法
构词法是高考语法填空中必考的题目。全国新课标卷的阅 读理解与完形填空中大约含有 2.5%的派生词或合成词,能否较 好地掌握这部分词汇,直接影响着做题质量。同时,在短文改 错中也会时不时出现对构词法的考查。高考中常考合成法、转 化法和派生法这三种构词法。
一、合成法
合成法是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法
(续表)
后缀 -ese -an -ian -ist -ant
例子
China 中国→Chinese 中国人;汉语 Japan 日本→Japanese 日本人;日语 America 美国→American 美国人 Australia 澳大利亚→Australian 澳大利亚人 history 历史→historian 历史学家 politics 政治→politician 政治家 tour 旅游,旅行→tourist 旅游者;观光者 special 特别的,专门的→specialist 专家 assist 协助→assistant 助手 participate 参加,参与→participant 参加者
(续表)
后缀 -al -ing
-ment
-ure/-ture -y
其他
例子
arrive 到达→arrival 到达 approve 支持,赞同→approval 赞成;批准 begin 开始→beginning 开始 hear 听,听到→hearing 听力;听觉 treat 对待;治疗→treatment 治疗 govern 管理→government 政府 equip 装备,配备→equipment 设备;装备 press 按,压→pressure 压力 mix 使混合,混合→mixture 混合;混合物 recover 恢复,重新得到→recovery 恢复;痊愈 discover 发现→discovery 发现 choose 选择,挑选→choice 选择 tend 照顾,倾向于,注意→tendency 趋势

高考英语语法填空解题技巧:构词法

高考英语语法填空解题技巧:构词法

高考英语语法填空解题技巧:构词法考情分析构词法主要包括派生、合成、转化和截短缩略四大类。

在近年高考中,直接体现在语法填空中的应用主要有:给出形容词提示词,填写副词或名词;给出动词,填写名词或形容词;给出名词,填写形容词。

然而,构词法不仅体现在语法填空中,而是广泛分布在阅读、完形等各种题型中。

掌握构词法是快速拓展词汇量,深入理解语篇的法宝。

一、语法填空真题感悟1. (2021年全国乙卷·61&62) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become __________ (educate) about the areas — both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the __________ (develop) of the local areas.答案:educated; development解析:句意:它与传统旅游不同,因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征,并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。

educate与逻辑主语traveler之间是被动关系,故become后应用educated作表语,意为“受到教育的”。

第二空所填单词在句中作benefits的宾语,需用develop的名词形式,且为不可数名词,故填development。

2. (2021年全国新高考Ⅰ卷·58) It will __________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!答案:undoubtedly解析:句意:它将毫无疑问帮助你变得精力充沛起来。

英语构词法对高考语法填空的指导作用

英语构词法对高考语法填空的指导作用

撷英篇英语词汇里有许多构词法:有通过加前缀、后缀,构成派生词;有通过单词的组合,构成合成词;有通过读音的变化,成为新的词语等,指导学生掌握构词法扩大单词量,在词类转换题方面对学生进行方法上的培训和引导,了解近三年来语法填空的命题规律和特点,提高做题的正确率,这样学生学习更轻松,老师教学也能达到事半功倍的效果。

基于以上目的,首先对2014~2017年的高考真题词类转换题进行以下分类:一、考查派生副词的用法1.It is_________(certain)fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(2017全国卷Ⅲ)2.The title will be_________(official)given to me at a cere-mony in London.(2016全国卷Ⅰ)【考点分析】有不少副词是通过在词根形容词后面加上后缀-ly派生来的,这是近年来高考英语语法填空的一个考查重点。

以上两题的答案分别是certainly,officially,此处之所以要用副词形式,是因为它们均在句子中用作状语。

二、考查派生形容词的用法The central London Railway was one of the most______(succ-ess)of these new lines,and was opened in1900.(2017全国卷Ⅱ)【考点分析】构成派生形容词的常见后缀有-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-al,-ive,-ent等。

到底该用什么后缀来构成形容词,不同的词根有不同的搭配要求,即使是同一词根有时也可以搭配多个后缀,但它们的意思并不同。

本题根据句意,上面两句的答案分别为successful,natural。

三、考查派生名词的用法1.This development was only possible with the______(introdu-ce)of electric-powered engines and lifts.(2017全国卷Ⅱ)2.She is determined to carry on with her_________(educate).(2016全国卷Ⅰ)3.But for tourists like me,pandas are its top_______(attract).(2017全国卷Ⅱ)【考点分析】构成派生词名词比较重要的后缀有-er,-or,-tion,-sion,-ist,-ism,-ment,-ness,-ship,-age,-hood,-ity等。

高中英语 高考真题中的构词法与巩固练习

高中英语 高考真题中的构词法与巩固练习

高考真题中的构词法与巩固练习英语中常见的构词法有派生法(Derivation)、合成法(Compounding)和转化法(Conversion)三大类。

在每年的高考英语试题中,都会出现大量的派生词、合成词和转化词,而这些词很有可能会影响学生的阅读速度和精准度。

一、派生词全国I卷ensure (en- + sure) v确保;保证en-:使(make)additional (addition + -al) adj额外的-al:……的(of)familiarity (familiar + -ity) n熟悉;亲近-ity:表示具有某种特征的状态(the condition)transformative (transform + -ive) adj革命性的;变革的-ive:具有……性质的(having the quality of ~ing)physically (physical + -ly) adv 身体上approximately (approximate + -ly) adv大约uncommon (un- + common) adj不常有的;罕见的un-:不(not)employee (employ + -ee) n受雇者;雇员-ee:被……者(a person who is ~ed)harmful (harm + -ful) adj有害的-ful:易于……的(having the tendency of)treatment (treat + -ment) n处理;治疗-ment:……的行为(the act of ~ing)empower (em- + power) v授权;使能够em- (=en-):使(make)apparently (apparent + -ly) adv显然地merely (mere + -ly) adv仅仅;只不过absolutely (absolute + -ly) adv绝对地;完全地unreasonable (un- + reasonable) adj不合理的un-:不(not)repeatedly (repeated + -ly) adv重复地;再三地temporarily (temporary + -ly) adv暂时地casually (casual + -ly) adv偶然地;随意地extremely (extreme + -ly) adv极其;非常全国II卷inspirational (inspiration + -al) adj启发灵感的-al:有……性质的(having the nature of)psychologist (psychology + -ist) n心理学家-ist:从事……的专家predictor (predict + -or) n有预测作用的事物-or:……物(a thing that ~s)developmental (development + -al) adj发展的-al:……的(of)environmentalist (environmental + -ist) n环保主义者-ist:……主义者ecologist (ecology + -ist) n生态学家ecosystem (eco- + system) n生态系统eco-:生态(abstracted from “ecology”)biologist (biology + -ist) n生物学家risky (risk + -y) adj冒险的-y:有……特征的(characterized by)wonderment (wonder + -ment) n 惊奇;惊喜-ment:the state of ~ing(……的状况)excitement (excite + -ment) n 激动;兴奋-ment:the state of ~ing(……的状况)novelist (novel + -ist) n 小说家announcement (announce + -ment) n 宣布;宣告-ment:the act of ~ing(……的行为)uneasy (un- + easy) adj 不自在的;忧虑的-un:不(not)soften (soft + -en) v使变温和-en:使(cause to be)enable (en- + able) v使能够en-:使(make)conversational (conversation + -al) adj交谈的;谈话的-al:……的(of)certainly (certain + -ly) adv必然;肯定地renewal (renew + -al) n恢复;更新-al:……行为(the act of ~ing)surely (sure + -ly) adv一定;必定;想必全国III卷tasty (taste + -y) adj 美味的-y:有……特征的(characterized by)enrich (en- + rich) v丰富en-:使(make)treasury (treasure + -y) n宝库exceptional (exception + -al) adj非凡的multigenerational (multi- + generation + -al) adj多代的multi-:多的(many)traditionally (traditional + -ly) adv历来coastal (coast + -al) adj近海的;沿海的characteristic (character + -istic) n特征;特色;特点registry (register + -y) n登记处unpack (un- + pack) v打开(盒子、包或手提箱等)取出(物品)un-:取走(to remove)speechless (speech + -less) adj 说不出话的-less:无(without)milky (milk + -y) adj 奶制的;像奶的-y:多……的(full of)gently (gentle + -ly) adj 温柔地;温和地effectiveness (effective + -ness) n有效性-ness:……的性质或状态(the quality or condition of being)guidance (guide + -ance) n指导;引导-ance:……的行为(the act of ~ing)popularity (popular + -ity) n受欢迎;普及;流行-ity:……的状态(the condition of)浙江卷meaningful (meaning + -ful) adj有意义的-ful:充满……的(full of)widen (wide + -en) v(使)变宽-en:使(cause to be)analytical (analytic + -al) adj分析的managerial (manager + -ial) adj管理的multitasking (multi- + task + -ing) n同时做几件事情multi-:多的(many)environmental (environment + -al) adj环境的;环保的loneliness (lonely + -ness) n孤独-ness:……的性质或状态(the quality or condition of being)helpful (help + -ful) adj有帮助的;有益的-ful:充满……的(full of)colorful (color + -ful) adj颜色鲜艳的;五彩缤纷的-ful:充满……的(full of)machinery (machine + -ery) n机器;机械-ery:……的群体或集体(a group of ~s)山东卷disqualification (dis- + qualify + -tion) n取消资格dis-:取消(undo)warmth (warm + -th) n温暖;热情-th:……的性质或状态(the quality or condition of being)architectural (architecture + -al) adj建筑学的;建筑方面的sadden (sad + -en) v使悲哀;使悲痛-en:使(cause to be)reportage (report + -age) n事件报道-age:……行为(the act or of ~ing)eventful (event + -ful) adj多事故的;经历丰富的-ful:充满……的(full of)viewership (viewer + -ship) n(电视节目或频道的)观众人数;观众类型-ship:……的数量(the number of ~s)significantly (significant + -ly) adv显著地;明显地extremely (extreme + -ly) adv非常;极其overweight (over- + weight) adj超重的over-:过多(too much)earthen (earth + -en) adj陶制的-en:由……制成的(be made of)二、合成词全国I卷timetable (time + table) n时刻表wheelchair (wheel + chair) n轮椅workplace (work + place) n工作场所houseplant (house + plant) n室内盆栽植物groundwater (ground + water) n地下水lifetime (life + time) n 一生;终生daylight (day + light) n日光highway (high + way) 公路;大道onboard (on + board) adj在船(或飞机、车)上的全国II卷award-winning (award + winning) adj获奖的parkland (park + land) n(如乡村大宅院周围的)有草木的开阔地fine art (fine + art) n 美术(尤指绘画和雕塑)math-related (math + related) adj与数学相关的high-income (high + income) adj高收入的self-control (self + control) n 自制力showcase (show + case) v展示guilt-free (guilt + free) adj没有负罪感的wetland (wet + land) n湿地;沼泽outcome (out + come) n结果全国III卷footstep (foot + step) n脚步声;足迹waterway (water + way) n水路;航道in-depth (in + depth) adj彻底的;渗入详尽的underground (under + ground) adj地下的fur-coat-wearing (fur + coat + wearing) adj穿毛皮大衣的full-body (full + body) adj 全身的filmmaker (film + maker) n电影制作人realistic-looking (realistic + looking) adj逼真的off-set (off + set) adj在拍摄场外的doorway (door + way) n门口;门道mother-in-law (mother + in + law) n岳母;婆婆standpoint (stand + point) n观点;立场household (house + hold) n一家人;家庭carefree (care + free) adj 无忧无虑的;无牵挂的;无责任的highland (high + land) n高地;高原houseboat (house + boat) n船屋shellfish (shell + fish) n(尤指可以吃的)水生有壳动物underwater (under + water) adv 在水下;在水中housewarming (house + warming) n乔迁聚会firewood (fire + wood) n柴火;木柴businesswoman (business + woman) n女商人;女企业家handbag (hand + bag) n手提包shopkeeper (shop + keeper) n店主salesperson (sale + person) n售货员lifelike (life + like) adj 逼真的;生动的;栩栩如生的masterpiece (master + piece) n杰作;名著;代表作waterfall (water + fall) n瀑布浙江卷playgoer (play + goer) n经常去戏院看戏的人;爱看戏的人play-reader (play + reader) n(为出版商、演出人或剧团等阅读并评价剧本的)剧本读评人houselight (house + light) n 剧院灯光cure-all (cure + all) n 万灵药;灵丹妙药overall (over + all) adj全面的teamwork (team + work) n 协作;配合decision-making (decision + making) n决策high-level (high + level) adj高级的babysit (baby + sit) v代人临时照看小孩cardboard (card + board) n硬纸板leftover (left + over) adj剩余的lifelong (life + long) adj终身的;毕生的motorway (motor + way) n高速公路山东卷round-trip (round + trip) adj 来回旅程的willpower (will + power) n 意志力first-generation (first + generation) adj第一代的well-rounded (well + rounded) adj全面的intake(in + take) n(食物等的)摄取量undergraduate (under + graduate) n本科生daytime(day + time) n白天rainwater (rain + water) n雨水naturally-grown(naturally + grown) adj 自然生长的postcard (post + card) n 明信片三、转化词全国I卷However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does.pound v [名词动词化] 连续重击We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day.engineer v [名词动词化] 改变(动植物等的)基因结构The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms.light v [名词动词化] 照亮全国II卷It was a special time to bond with my children.bond v [名词动词化](与某人)培养一种特殊的关系Frequent them and talk about them when you can.frequent v [形容词动词化] 常去;常到The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.flower v [名词动词化] 开花全国III卷Discover the China of “past ages,” its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp.wall v [名词动词化] 用墙把……围住The creative team ... and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image(图像).process v [名词动词化] 处理And there are questions about the films ... are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.film v [名词动词化](把……)拍成电影The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.number v [名词动词化] 总计They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.harvest v [名词动词化] 捕猎(动物、鱼等)浙江卷To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage.picture v [名词动词化] 想象;设想Challenging work that requires ... might help your brain stay sharp as you age.age v [名词动词化] 变老My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself.race v [名词动词化] 快速移动They’re all memories I treasure today.treasure v [名词动词化] 珍惜;珍视I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.farm v [名词动词化] 饲养山东卷Watering young plants in the dry season was tough for a lone boy.water v [名词动词化] 给(植物)浇水如果你还不满足于只学不练,别着急,小编为你量身打造了检测小卷,希望你能小试身手,一气呵成。

高中英语 高考真题中的构词法归纳

高中英语 高考真题中的构词法归纳

【高考必读】2019年高考真题中的构词法近十年高考英语阅读文章中频繁出现派生词、合成词和转化词等基于构词法衍生的新面孔词汇。

有些单词/ 短语在“扩容”后,意义全非。

值得警惕的是,这种构词法词汇的呈现量在2017年后呈加速度增长。

2019全国I 卷1. hands-on business training 操作性强的商务培训2. joker n 爱开玩笑的人;傻瓜;难以预料的事;难以捉摸的人3. Kris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for non-native English speakers.克勒斯在“-ld”发音上磕绊起来,这个发音对于英语非母语的人来说是一个拼读难点。

►trip on 绊倒;磕巴4. improper pauses 不恰当的停顿5. data and identity theft 数据及身份信息盗窃6. fingerprint scan 指纹扫描7. a low-cost device 低成本设备8. by extension 再则就是;引申下去就是9. password n 密码► a username and password 用户名及密码10. commercialize / commercialise v 商业化11. rosy years 花样年华► rosy future 乐观的未来► a rosy picture 美好的画面12. well-explored 探讨充分的13. jump-start interpersonal skills 促进人际技巧14. dishonorable behavior 不光彩的行为15. enviable adj 令人羡慕的;令人嫉妒的16. score vt 得分;打分 n 得分;比分17. the least well-liked teens 最不受欢迎的青少年18. likability n 讨人喜欢;可爱19. adaptable adj 能适应的;适应力强的20. The clean air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. ► life-giving adj 赋予生命的;维持生命的► energizing adj 增强活力的21. Greenery is good for us.► greenery n 绿色植物;青枝绿叶22. apply sunscreen over the skin在皮肤上涂抹防晒霜► apply make-up / lipstick 抹化妆品/ 唇膏2019全国II卷1. co-author n 联合作者;合著作家2. Here she picks her top reads.在此,她挑选了几本她最喜爱的读物。

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技巧点拨: 动词前后、形容词前后可有
,这时,如果所给词为形容词,则需将其变为副词。如果所给词为名词
,
并注意名词数的变化。动词,名词,形容词时都有可能会考否定形式,一定要根据语境来判断。
(1)His (2)He was one of the
(visit) who
2.常见的形容词后缀 - al ; –an ; –ern; -ble ; –ish ; –ive; –y; -ful ; - less –ly;-ous 表示具有 … 的性质 , 或与 …有关
2.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their
(nature) course.( 08 高考 )
3.But Jane knew from past experience that her __ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.( 09 高考 )
4.His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.(10
高考 )
考点精讲:
Friendships change as our needs and lifestyles change. Don’ttrouble trouble until trouble troubles you. They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
触类旁通: feed cause use fly native major mail empty cheat free
1
三.派生法(重点) : (一)前缀 1. 否定前缀: il- im- in- ir- dis- mis- un- non-
请为下列单词找出适当的否定前缀。 balance concern active patient
from the shop without paying for them.

shoplifters, who always take away things
What does the word
“ shoplifter ” mean?
A. 商店里的小偷
B. 商店里的推销员
C.商店里的老客户 D .商店里的搬运工
e.g. practical , American, southern , possible, foolish, native, rainy, careless,careful
3.常见的副词后缀 : - ly 表示方式 ,程度 : freely , happily
-ward (s) 表示方向 : westwards
possible understand legal lucky
polite regular agree use honest advantage stop smoker fair
2. 请找出下列单词的前缀,并讨论前缀所含意义 retell repay antiaircraft oversleep overlook
superman coeducation
subway subtitle international interview enlarge transport
(二)后缀 1. 常见的名词后缀 A: 表示人的后缀:
B: 其它常见的后缀:
技巧点拨 : 动词、介词、 冠词、物主代词等词后一般接
或动名词 ,如下列划线的词的词义。 1.For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. 2.Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. 3.For a time we wrote, and her letters were the highlight of those terrible endless years.
三 . 派生 (Derivation): 通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词 :
eg. happy---- unhappy 加前缀一般不改变原词的
,只改变其

happy---- happiness 加后缀改变了原词的
一.合成法:
… Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as
二.转化法: He is a man with broad shoulders. We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time. Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes.(08 高考)
英语构词法主要有三种方法: 一. .合成 (Compounding): 由两个或更多的词合成一个词 eg. house( 房子 )+ wife( 妻子 )----housewife( 家庭主妇 )
二 . 转化 (Conversion): 由一个词类转化为另一个词类 : eg. water ( n.)水 --- water ( v.) 浇水
英语构词法在高考中的应用
本课要点 : 1.各类词性的正确使用及转化
2.运用构词法知识猜测语境中词的语义 3.通过理解和掌握构词法扩大词汇量
考情分析 :
1. We drank together and talked _____ (merry) till far into the night.( 07 高考 )
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