vocal tract
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V ocal Tract
--- 1240801105 黄佳楠
--- 1240801106 李惠敏The vocal tract is the cavity in human beings and in animals where sound that is produced at the sound source (larynx in mammals; syrinx in birds) is filtered.
In birds it consists of the trachea, the syrinx, the oral cavity, the upper part of the esophagus, and the beak. In mammals it consists of the laryngeal cavity, the pharynx, the oral cavity, and thenasal cavity.
The estimated average length of the vocal tract in adult male humans is 16.9 cm and 14.1 cm in adult females.
In both the voice and musical wind instruments ,a value(vocal folds,lips,or reed)lies between an upstrument duct;:trachea and vocal tract for the voice; vocal tract and bore for the instrument. Examing the structural similarities and functional differences gives insight into their operation and the duct-valve interactions.In speech and singing,vocal tract resonances usually determine the spectral envelope and usually have a smaller influence on the operating frequency.The resonances are important not only for the phonemic information they produce,but also because of their contribution to voice timbre,loudness, and efficiency.