定语从句4
高中英语定语从句 优秀课件4
5. Mozi was a man
of war.
Complete each sentence with one of these words.
who which when where whose
1. Mencius wrote a book _w_h_i_c_h_ many people have read.
She is the girl whom I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there. She is the girl that I went with there.
The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big.
one must yield. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
关系代词前介词(介词＋which)确实定： 1. 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关
系。 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭
配。 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。
指代人 who, whom, that 指代事物 which, that 所属关系 whose, of which 指地点 where 关
关 系 代 词
指时间 when 系
指原因 why 副
人教版高一英语必修二语法unit5-定语从句(4)介词+关系代词
e.g. The school in which he once studied is very famous.
他曾经上学的学校非常著名。
The girl about whom we are talking is a doctor.
我们正在谈论的那个女孩是个医生。
[即时演练1] 用“介词＋关系代词”填空
介词+关系代词: 介词的选择
3. 根据主从句的句意确定介词
Air, without which man can’t live, is really important. The pen, with which he is writing now, was bought yesterday.
This is my pair of glasses, without which I cannot see clearly.
= of which the roof is red.
I know a boy whose father is a doctor. = the father of whom is a doctor. = of whom the father is a doctor.
三、“介词＋关系代词”的拓展 1．复杂介词＋关系代词 用于该结构中的关系代词有which, whom和whose。常用的 复杂介词有because of, in front of, as a result of, at the back of 等。 He was badly hurt in the accident, because of which he didn't go to work. 他在事故中严重受伤。因此，他没去上班。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a boy. 他们来到一座农舍，农舍前面坐着一个男孩。
4定语从句
定语从句
一.What 二. Why
三. How
三. How
(一) 先行词 (二) 关系词
(一) 先行词
Let The Bullets Fly is a film which is gelivable.
(一) 先行词
Let The Bullets Fly is a film which is gelivable.
(二) 关系词 I don’t like the way ____ you speak to your mother. A. how B. that C. in which D. /
(二) 关系词
关系代词
关系词
关系副词
who whom which that whose when where why
Antecedent: a noun, a phrase, a clause
(一) 先行词
【09全国Ⅱ】
My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it
(一) 先行词
3点注意：that/where/how
三. How
(一) 先行词 (二) 关系词
三. How
(一) 先行词 (二) 关系词 (三) 分类
(三) 分类
Let The Bullets Fly is a film which is gelivable. My friend showed me round the town, which was very kind of him.
关系词：代替先行词，在从句中充当成分
(二) 关系词
高中英语——定语从句4
号
逗号隔开
结构上 2.关系词作从句的宾语，可省略. 2. 关系词不可以省略
3.可用that 引导
3. 不能用that引导
即时练习
1. The run rises in the east and sets in the west, _w_h_i_c_h_ is known to everybody. 2. Beethoven, _w_h__o_se_health was poor, became a very famous musician in the end. 3. There comes a time __w_h_e_n___the old must give way to the new. 4. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics _t_h_a_t_ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.
as 引导的定语从句，代表整个主句，可以放在主句之前或之后 或中间，as 在从句中作宾语或主语。
As we all know/As is known to us all, light travels faster than sound. ＝Light travels faster than sound, as is known to us all. 众所周知，光速比声速快。 注意：as常用于：as we all know，
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.
大学英语四级,CET4定语从句
admirable.
5) 由“介词 ＋ 关系代词”引导的分句结构 a. 此种结构多用于正式语体。能作这种用法的关系 代词是which,其次是whom, 有时是whose.
eg. They tried to think of a plan by which they could fulfil
their task ahead of time.
He is telling a story of LeiFeng, of whom every one of
us is proud.
The driver was the man from whose room she had
stolen the maps. 在这种用法中，介词的选择受到上下文的制约，或 与前面名词词组的搭配有关，或与后面动词词组的搭 配有关。 eg. The material of which the apparatus (机械） is made is a good nonconductor (绝缘体） of heat.
通常用who(m)/whose指人，用which指物，如： eg. The driver, who was young, had only just got his
license.
This book, which only appeared a year ago, has already
4.定语从句的翻译
翻译技巧——1. 限制性定语从句的翻译
2、后 置 法
如果定语从句结构复杂，译成汉语时作前置定语会显得太长而 且不符合汉语表达习惯。这种情况下，往往可以将定语从句译成后 置的并列分句。这样译时，有时需要重复先行词，有时不需要。例 如： 1) He made the sound of sympathy which comes so readily from those who had independent incomes.
4) But we do have a few clues—some fingerprints and the ladder, which they must have left behind in their hurry.
但我们的确有一些线索——一些指纹，一架梯子。他们一定
是在匆忙之中留下了这些东西。
17
翻译技巧——2. 非限制性定语从句的翻译
4. 转换成其他从句 某些非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句相似，也兼 有其他从句的性质和功能，翻译时要分析原文主句和从句 之间的逻辑关系，然后译成相应的汉语。例如：
1) She insisted on buying the necklace, which she had no use for.
has already had to be repaired.
他花了两万美元买的新车，已经需要修理了。
2) The man, whom we met yesterday, is living near our house.
我们昨天碰到的那人就住在我们家附近。
14
翻译技巧——2. 非限制性定语从句的翻译
3) Students who fail to think about the implications of their career choices often engage in rationalization (deceiving oneself with self-satisfying but incorrect explanations for one’s behavior) or procrastination (putting off or delaying).
专四定语从句语法点
专四定语从句语法点专四定语从句语法点引导语：定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
下面是店铺为大家精心整理的专四定语从句语法点，欢迎阅读！专四定语从句语法点关系代词：which（指sth 作主语或宾语），that（指sb或sth 作主语或宾语），who（指sb作主语或宾语），whom（指sb作宾语），whose（指sb或sth，作定语）,as（指sb,sth 作主语或宾语）;注意: 做宾语的时候，关系代词可以省略。
关系副词：when（指时间on which），where（指地点at which），why（指原因 for which）考点1. 先行词为人时引导词who和that(1) 只能用who不用that：1)当先行词为one(s), anyone, those 时；2)当先行词为人称代词时。
(2) 只能用that不用who：1)当主句已经出现who时。
2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
1. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _that______ he was twenty years ago.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom考点2. 先行词为物时引导词that和which(1) 只能用that不用which：1)先行词为much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all等不定代词。
2）先行词既有人又有物。
3）先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰。
4）先行词被the very, the only, the last, just, all, any, every, no等修饰。
5）关系代词在从句中作表语。
6) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。
7) 主句是there be句型。
Unit 4 定语从句讲义 2021-2022学年外研版高中英语必修第一册
2022外研版英语-新高一-定语从句（专项练习）定语从句-全面解析【教学目标】能准确理解定语从句的定义、构成；关系代词和关系副词的区别【教学重点】定语从句关系代词的选用【教学难点】在复合句中，能正确辨认定语从句，并区别其他从句【教学内容一】定语从句-关系连词分类分类关系词所指代的先行词在从句中的成分关系代词who人主语、宾语（可省略）whom人宾语（可省略）which物主语、宾语（可省略）that人或物主语、宾语（可省略）Whose（谁的=adj）whose后必须是名词人或物定语关系副词when状语从句不缺成分时间状语where状语从句不缺成分地点状语why状语从句不缺成分原因状语【教学内容二】关系词的用法引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose。
关系副词有when，where，why等。
关系代词和关系副词不仅有连接先行词和从句的作用，而且在从句中担当一个句子成分。
1.关系代词的用法：1)由who引导的定语从句关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。
如：A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.（关系代词在从句中作主语）The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）2)由whom引导的定语从句关系代词whom只能指人，是who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，在口语中常常省略。
如：The man whom you met on the street is my father.（关系代词who在从句中作宾语，可以省略）The woman (whom)you talked with yesterday will come here the day after tomorrow.（关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，可以省略）3)由that引导的定语从句关系代词that在从句中既可以作主语，又可作宾语；既可指人，又可指物。
定语从句_4关系代词与关系副词的使用
4.2 使用关系副词
• 4.2.1关系副词作地点状语 I live in the hill where few people pay a visit. where few people pay a visit adv. + n. + vt. + n. 状语 + 主语 + 谓语 Ʊ 易混淆
• 4.3.1 where 与 which I live in the hill where few people pay a visit. I live in the hill which few people pay a visit to.
• 4.3.2 when 与 which He miss the time which he spent with her. He miss the time when they were together.
定语从句
4. 关系代词与关系副词的使用
4.1 使用关系代词
• 4.1.1 关系代词作主语 I live in the hill which is ever green. which is ever green pron. + be + adj. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
4.1 使用关系代词
• 4.1.2 关系代词作宾语 I live in the hill which few people reach. which few people reach few people reach which n. + vt. + pron. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
• 4.2.2关系副词作时间状语 I lived in the time when people had slaves. when people had slaves adv. + n. + vt. + n. 状语 + 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
Unit4 定语从句—关系代词
先行词和whose后的名词是所属关系）在定语从句中作定语。
Summary
that
关 which 系 代 who 词 whom
whose
指物和人 在从句中作主语或宾语
指物
在从句中作主语或宾语
指人
在从句中作主语或宾语 在从句中作宾语
Abby told me everything (that) she knew. All that can be done has been done. There is little (that) I can do for you. Any man that/who has a sense of duty won't do such a thing.
100.
指人：作宾语
➢ He is the athlete (who) I met yesterday.
总结：关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
定语从句的关系词
2.关系代词whom ➢ The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 宾语（人）
定语从句的关系词
3.关系代词which 指物：作主语
There were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake. 指物：作宾语
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.
定语从句的关系词
5.关系代词whose 指人：作定语 ➢ This is the boy whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
定语从句4
定语从句4定语从句1. That's the doctor operated on the seriously wounded man.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose2. Do you now the student I often talk with?A. whatB. whomC. asD. who3. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whose4. This is the girl has been highly praised.A. of whom the paintingB. the painting of whoseC. who paintingD. whose painting5. More and more people are beginning to learn English, is becoming very popular in China.A. thatB. itC. whichD. what6. She is so stubborn that she never listens to the advice .A. that I gave it to herB. I give it to herC. which I give to herD. what I give to her7. The hours the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people, undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that8. There are very few rules of grammar _ _.A. that are not with exceptionsB. not having exception to themC. that do not have exceptionsD. not with exception to them9. Any person is interested in the program can join the club.A. whichB. whoseC. thatD. whom10. I am pleased with what you have told me and you have given me.A. all thatB. all whichC. all whateverD. all that11. Everything remains can be divided between you.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whose12. His youngest son __ is now working at the Chinese Academy of Science.A. that is twenty-fiveB. who is twenty-fiveC. who is twenty-five agesD. whose age is twenty-five years old13. Which was the first steamship crossed the Atlantic?A. whichB. thatC. whatD. it14. You are the very man I have been looking for.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that15. There is no material __ deform more or less under the action of force.A. but willB. but will notC. whichever willD. which will16. All this leads to a population in the twenty-first century that is smaller __ feared few years ago.A than was B. that was C. than that D. it was17. I've never been to Beijing, but it's the place __.A. where I'd like to visitB. I most want to visitC. in which I'd like to visitD. that 1 want to visit it most18. Now we can fly to Tokyo. There was a time we had to takea boat.A. which B when C. why D. as19. There are few areas in the world __ be grown successfully.A. where can the plantB. where the plant canC. the plant that canD. that the plant20. The reason I'm writing is to tell you about a party On Saturday.A. becauseB. whyC. forD. as21. The boy was bitten by a snake is in the hospital now.A. whoB. heC. whomD. him22. is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. AsB. ThatC. ItD. What23. I have to book ahead for concerts, are usually held in London.A. thatB. what c. they D. which24. He spoke confidently, impressed me most.A. so thatB. thatC. in whichD. which25. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, is often the case in other countries.A. asB. whatC. soD. that26. might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.A. AsB. ThatC. ItD. What27. This size of the audience, was well over twenty thousand.A. whom we had expectedB. as we had expectedC. what We had expectedD. we had expected that28. This is not such a good engine I expected to be.A. whichB. whatC. asD. like29. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much tea is pouredinto a cup froma teapot.A. in the same way likeB. in the same way whichC. in the same wayD. in the same way as30. He arrived late, was annoying.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. the which31. Things, __ is often the case, will turn out to be contrary to one's wishes.A. asB. whichC. thatD. it32. A good many proposals were raised by the masses, was to be expected.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whose33. We need a chairman .A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom everyone has confidence on34. The goals he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.B. for whichC. with whichD. at which35. He came back late, which time all the guests had already left.A. afterB. byC. atD. during36. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations formal language is used.A. in whichB. on whichC. at whatD. in that37. It is useful to be able to predict the extent which a price change will affect supply and demand.A. fromB. withC. toD. for38. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, obtaining water is not the least.A. for whichB. to which C of which D. in which39. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _ _up to half will be from overseas.A. in whichC. with whichD. of whom40. A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, were surprising.A. as resultsB. which resultsC. overD. the results of which41. The residents, had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all their homesB. all whose homesC. an of whose homesD. all of their homes42. Your inefficiency, far too long, is beginning to annoy our customers.A. we have put up withB. with which we have put upC. which we put up withD. that we put up with43. Peter found a place in the cellar he used as his first laboratory.A. whichB. whereC. suchD. the same44. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage already seven other people.A. when there wereB. which there wereC. where there wereD. that there were45. This is the reason __ I am not in favor of revising the plan.A. whichB. whyC. becauseD. for46. The reason __ he gives for not coming is that his mother won't let him.A. for whichB. whyC. whichD. because47. The highest temperature __ in any furnace on earth is about 10,000o C.A. what we can getB. we can getC. which we can get itD. that we can get it48. When Alva was nine years old he read a school book about science, containing some experiments __ at home.A. which can be doneB. that could doC. that could be doneD. which could do49. The time will surely come __ ordinary people could operate computers as well.A. whenB. whileC. asD. on which50. We went to the industrial exhibition, ~ we saw two man-made satellites.A. whereB. thereC. whenD. in that place51. __ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. Now thatD. As52. This room had but a single window, __ were kept closed when it was not in use.A. which its shuttersB. its shutters of whichC. which shuttersD. the shutters of which53. He's the man I supposed was capable of doing such a thing.A. whoB. to whomC. itD. which54. He had a large collection of books, __ are written in foreign languages.A. many in whichB. many of whichD. many ones of which55. The state oil or water is commonly in is a liquid state.A. in thatB. whichC. in whichD. what56. She was very patient towards the Children, __ her husband seldom was.A. thatB. whoC. whichD. so that57. is mentioned above, a lot of work has been done to create man-made materials.A. ThatB. WhetherC. AsD. if58. With the introduction of the electronic computer, there are no complicated problem can be solved.A. thatB. whichC. asD. but59. There was a teapot fashioned like china duck, out of open mouth the tea was supposed to come.A. whichB. itsC. that60. The man, is parked in front of our house, is a famous physician in this town.A. the red car of whichB. of whom the red carC. who's red carD. whose red car61. Mrs. Lee will move into her new house next Monday, be completely furnished.A. by that timeB. by the timeC. by which timeD. by some time62. Beijing, we spent last spring, is one of the most beautiful cities in China.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when63. The foot and the ankle are the parts of the body system .A. that aid in walkingB. that walkingC. aid in walkingD. walking64. English words are not always spelled .A. the way they soundB. the way how they soundC. the way they are soundingD. as they are sounding65. The machine is such __ I have never seen before.B. asC. whenD. where66. To avoid the various foolish opinions mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is required.A. with whichB. of whichC. to whichD. from which67. The story of his upbringing is shocking .A. to all who read itB. to all that read itC. to all who reads itD. to all which read it68. Peas lose much of their flavor.A. which overcookedB. have been overcookedC. which they have been overcookedD. which have been overcooked69. Collecting shells was a hobby .A. which he found real pleasing to himB. pursuing which he got much pleasureC. that gave him a lot of pleasure doingD. that gave him a great deal of pleasure70. The time will come __ man can fly __ he likes in the universe.A. how.., whereB. when.., whereverC. where.., whereD. what.., which71. I understand that the governor is considering a new proposal .A. what would eliminate unnecessary writing in governmentB. who wants to cur down on the amount of writing in governmentC. that would eliminate unnecessary paperwork in governmentD. to cause that the amount of papers written in government offices will be reduced72. I sent invitations to sixty people, __ have replied.A. of whom only twenty of theseB. of whom only twentyC. only twenty of these whomD. only twenty who73. This is the air-conditioner __ we have had so much trouble.A. at whichB. of whichC. to whichD. with which74. We have not fixed the date we shall start our holidays.A. howB. whereC. whichD. when75. He tried to get out of the business, he found impossible.A. asB. whichC. whereD. when76. The microscope is a very useful instrument scientists can see things that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.A. in whichB. through whichC. with whichD. from which77. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, __ very pleasant to sit on in summer.A. which isB. which it isC. it isD. where it is78. Mrs. Smith spent all evening talking about her latest book, __ any one of us had never heard.A. whichB. thatC. of whatD. of which79. That woman speaking softly can barely be understood.A. who isB. whoC. whoseD. that80. This custom, , is slowly disappearing.A. of many centuries ago originB. which originated many centuries agoC. with many centuries of originD. originating for many centuries81. Ultrasonic sounds produce pulse signals, various defects in metal can be detected.A. to whichB. whichC. of whichD. by means of which82. We need an electric motor __ must be small.A. which sizeB. that sizeC. the size of whichD. the size of that83. "Why does Dr. Takin prefer this laboratory?""Because here he is free to do his research he wants.A. some wayB. anywayC. anyhowD. whatever84. The pilot lost contact with the military base, __ the plane crashed in the desert.A. by means of whichB. for whichC. because of thatD. as a result of which85. The symbols of mathematics __ we are most familiar are the signs of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and equality.A. to whichB. whichC. with whichD. in which86. Each language seems to be the most important to those __ speak it as their native language.A. whichB. whoC. whoeverD. whom87. The town __ my father grew up in is not far from here.A. whatB. whereC. whereverD. which88. Buildings __ of brick last longer than those made of mud.A. which they are madeB. whichC. are madeD. which are made89. He has beer suffering from a kind of disease .A. whose cure is unableB. whose cure is a recent discoveryC. for which the cure is possibleD. of which the cure is now possible to be done90. The author eagerly anticipates the time finished, and she can start a new one.A. when her bookB. when her bookC. her book beD. her book has been91. There comes a time in every man's life .A. then he has to thinkB. which he needsC. when he has to thinkD. therefore he has to work hard92. A freely falling body has an acceleration of 32 feet a second during each second __ it falls.A. whichB. asC. whatD. that93. __ I was going to college, I was also working as a waitress on weekends.A. During the time thatB. At the moment thatC. On the ground thatD. In spite of the fact that94. From time to time we must look up words.A. the meaning of which we do not knowB. whose meanings we are not familiarC. we do not know their meaningsD. whose meanings we do not know95. "Did the audience participate in the play?""Yes, the actors __ to involve the audience were successful."A. whom it was the functionB. whose function it wasC. of which the function wasD. whose were the function96. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money __ is raised through taxes alone.A. thatB. whichC. thanD. as1A 2B 3D 4D 5C 6C 7D 8C 9C 10A 11A 12A 13B 14D 15A 16A 17B 18B 19B 20B 21A 22A 23D 24D 25A 26A 27B 28C 29D 30C 31A 32C 33B 34B 35B 36A 37C 38C 39D 40D 41C 42C 43A 44C 45B 46C 47B 48C 49A 50A 51D 52D 53A 54B 55B 56C 57C 58D 59D 60D 61C 62C 63A 64A 65B 66C 67B 68D 69D 70B 71C 72B 73D 74D 75B 76C 77B 78D 79A 80B 81D 82C 83B 84D 85C 86B 87D 88D 89C 90B 91C 92D 93A 94D 95B 96C。
4-定语从句
第四章英语定语从句的译法一、合译法——译成“的”字结构该译法是指把比较简单的定语从句译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被修饰的词前，从而使英语复合句成为汉语的单句。
例如:1) Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with.污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。
2) New York is a good city for anyone who is interested in culture.纽约对每一个对文化感兴趣的人都是一个很好的城市。
3) He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he disliked hisbrother, who was aloof and arrogant.他喜欢热情洋溢的妹妹,而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。
4) Oxygen is a gas which unites with many substances.氧气是一种能和许多物质化合的气体。
二、合译法——与主句合译成一个句子此译法是指将定语从句(尤其是限制性定语从句)与主句融合在一起成一个句子。
(一)译成“兼语式”结构此译法是指把先行词译成身兼两种语法功能的词组，使其前后各有一个动词。
该词组与前一动词发生动宾关系，与后一动词发生主谓关系。
例如:1) He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashedred with fury.他看见前面那个憔悴的白发老人眼里闪耀着愤怒的目光。
(二)译成“谓语”在有些带有定语从句的英语复合句中，主句所表示的信息不及定语从句所表达的信息重要。
这类英语复合句在汉译时，可将主句压缩成汉语词组作主语，将定语从句译成谓语，使之成为一个单句。
例如:1) Other scientists have expressed opinions that are somewhat betweenthese two extremes.其他科学家的意见介乎于上述两种极端看法之间。
定语从句4 - 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
She has a sister, who is a teacher.
Mr. Baker, who /whom the teachers and students respect, has completed forty years of teaching. The town, which thousands of travelers visit every year, is known for its stone bridges and small rivers. My sister is a good designer, which I am not. He wrote a great novel, which it still is today. 2. 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾 语用的关系代词也不能省略。
most of whom
• He has got several diseases, and some of which are caused by lack of sleep. He has got several diseases, some of which are caused by lack of sleep.
非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作表语的关系 代词不管是指人还是指物，仍用which,也不能省略。
几种特殊形式的非限制性定语从句
I.
在非限制性定语从句中, of which/ whom 常用于基数 词或some, most, all, none, either, neither等词后面。
高三英语语法复习四 定语从句
高三英语语法复习四定语从句考点《一》关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that引导定语从句时，可在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。
who代指人，作主语或宾语; whom代指人，作动词宾语或介词宾语; whose代指人或物，作定语;which代指物，作主语或宾语等; that代指人或物，作主语或宾语等。
This is the detective who came from London. 这就是那位来自伦敦的侦探。
The book which/that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.我正在看的这本书是托马斯·哈代所写。
The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 那张桌腿已断的桌子已经很旧。
1.先行词在定语从旬中作表语时，不管先行词是指人还是指物，引导词都要用that，但在非限制性定语从句中要改用which.He's changed a lot. He's not the man that he was. 他变化很大，已不是过去的他了。
This is not an easy question that you think it to be. 这个问题不是像你认为的那么容易。
He has become a doctor，which he wanted to be. 他成为了一名医生，这是他以前一直梦想的。
2. "介词+关系代词"可以引导定语从句，但关系代词只可用whom或which，不可用who或that。
The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 那个里面放着一部机器的房间是个车间。
In the dark street，there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.3. "whose+n. "引导定语从旬修饰"物"时，可换成"the+ n. +of which"或"of which+the+n. "。
定语从句的用法归纳总结
定语从句的用法归纳总结1定语从句定语从句是指作为句子的一部分，主要用来修饰名词或代词的从句，表示这个名词或代词所指的人或物。
它是由关系词和形容成分（名词、代词、副词及短语）构成的。
关系词也称为“连接词”、“关联词”（relative words），它有几十种，主要有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,when,where,why等。
2定语从句的分类(1)根据关系词的用法可以分为定语从句和同位语从句两大类：定语从句：用关系词作句子成分，修饰主句中某个名词或代词，以及表示名词或代词所指的人或物。
同位语从句：用关系词引导的从句，句中某个名词或代词的意义由其后的从句来补充说明，以此来表达进一步的意思。
(2)根据句中关系词的所指数目可以分为两种：定语从句：句中关系词指代单数名词或代词同位语从句：句中关系词指代复数名词或代词3定语从句的用法(1)that引导的定语从句：that引导定语从句可以指代人或物，也可以指代抽象概念，如idea、fact等。
有时可以省略that引导的定语从句，但要注意that 引导的定语从句在口语中通常不省略。
(2)which引导的定语从句：which引导的定语从句通常只能指代物，而不能指代人，故不能用来替换who或whom，但可以替换that。
此外，在对话语言中，which 引导的定语从句可以指代人，而且一般不可以省略。
(3)whose引导的定语从句：whose引导的定语从句用以表示某人、某物或某事所属的所有者，常用来替换whoever和whatever，但不能用来替换they。
(4)when/where引导的定语从句：when/where引导的定语从句可以用来表示时间和地点，即问句中的时间和地点。
(5)as/than引导的定语从句：as/than引导的定语从句一般用来比较两个事物，故它们往往出现在类似“as…as”或“not as/so…as”这样的句型中。
专题04 定语从句(解析版)(全国通用版)-高考英语复习
专题04 定语从句定义I. 定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
Ⅱ. as与which的区别：Ⅱ. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：一、考点聚焦1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点：Ⅱ先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.Ⅱ关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。
that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被Ⅱ形容词最高级Ⅱ序数词Ⅱ数词Ⅱonly、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
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定语从句
新题赏析
题一：
Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. what
题二：
The air quality in the city, ________is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A. that
B. it
C. as
D. what
题三：
When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
题四：
—We’ll take the conditions into careful consideration________ you have attached to this contract.
—Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. what
题五：
Do you remember a certain occasion ____ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand？
A. where
B. which
C. why
D. when
题六：
Lisa, I guess we’d better fix a navigational aid（导航仪）to the car _____ we can find our way easily.
A. which
B. that
C. from which
D. with which 题七：
Leave him a note at the reception desk, _____he will learn how to find you.
A. which
B. from which
C. with which
D. on which 题八：
—How about your job-hunting？
—No luck. Now, I’ve reached the stage_____I don’t care what I do.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. that
题九：
A turning point of the continuously high housing price won’t appear suddenly because there must be a certain process_______ many factors lead to the change.
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. that
题十：
Jane’s struggle to make a place for herself in the music circle is the kind of life story __________ a fascinating novel might be written.
A. where
B. by whom
C. for what
D. about which 题十一：
Judging from his face____ there was a confident smile, we knew that he didn’t lose heart.
A. in which
B. from which
C. by which
D. on which
题十二：
We have spotted the location, _______ we thought is the site of Emperor Qin Shihuang.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. where
名师寄语
课后拓展练习
注：此部分为老师根据本讲课程内容为大家精选的课下拓展题目，故不在课堂中讲解，请同学们课下自己练习并对照详解进行自测.
题一：
Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
题二：
Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _________ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
题三：
The prize will go to the writer_______ story shows the most imagination.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
题四：
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures; each of______ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which
B. what
C. them
D. those
题五：
A bank is the place ____they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. there
题一：C 题二：C 题三：B 题四：B
题五：D 题六：D 题七：B 题八：B
题九：C 题十：D 题十一：D 题十二：C
课后拓展练习
题一：D 题二：A 题三：C 题四：A 题五：C。