朗文英语听说教程1 Unit 2翻译
朗文英语听说教程1课后练习题含答案
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朗文英语听说教程1课后练习题含答案Introduction朗文英语听说教程1是英语学习者中较为常用的教材之一。
对于初学英语的学习者,逐课完成教材的练习题非常有必要。
练习题可帮助学习者巩固所学知识、培养语感,提高听说能力。
本文将提供朗文英语听说教程1课后练习题及其答案,旨在帮助学习者更好地学习和掌握英语。
Part 1: Unit 1 Listening PracticeSection A: Tapescript1.W: Can you spell your name, please?M: It’s Dave, D-A-V-E.2.W: Do you speak English?M: Yes, I do.3.W: What do you do?M: I’m a teacher.4.W: How do you spell that?M: It’s R-O-S-E.5.W: What’s your telephone number?M: It’s 6-2-5-7-2-4-3.Section B: Answer the questions1.What is the man’s name?Answer: Dave.2.Does the man speak English?Answer: Yes, he does.3.What is the man’s job?Answer: He is a teacher.4.How do you spell the woman’s name?Answer: Rose.5.What is the man’s telephone number?Answer: 6-2-5-7-2-4-3.Part 2: Unit 1 Speaking PracticeExercise 11.A: Good morning, my name is Lisa.B: Good morning, Lisa. My name is Brian.2.A: Hi, I’m Tom.B: Hello, Tom. I’m Karen.3.A: Nice to meet you. My name is Andrew.B: Nice to meet you too, Andrew. I’m Julia.Exercise 21.Rita: Hello, this is Rita.Mark: Hi, Rita. This is Mark.Rita: Nice to meet you.2.Alice: Good afternoon. Is this Mr. Brown?John: No, this is John.Alice: I’m sorry. Is Mr.Brown avlable?John: Yes, hang on a second.Brown: Hello, this is Brown.Alice: Hi, Mr. Brown. This is Alice. How are you? Part 3: Unit 1 Answer KeyListening Practice1.D2.C3.B4.A5.DSpeaking PracticeExercise 11.Good morning, my name is Lisa.Answer: Good morning, Lisa. My name is Brian.2.Hi, I’m Tom.Answer: Hello, Tom. I’m Karen.3.Nice to meet you. My name is Andrew.Answer: Nice to meet you too, Andrew. I’m Julia. Exercise 21.Rita: Hello, this is Rita.Mark: Hi, Rita. This is Mark.Rita: Nice to meet you.Answer: Nice to meet you too, Mark.2.Alice: Good afternoon. Is this Mr. Brown?John: No, this is John.Alice: I’m sorry. Is Mr.Brown avlable?John: Yes, hang on a second.Brown: Hello, this is Brown.Alice: Hi, Mr. Brown. This is Alice. How are you?Answer: I’m fine, thanks. How are you?。
朗文国际英语教程第一册_sbs1 Unit2
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bank
supermarket
[ˈsju:pəˌmɑ:kit]
post office
library ['laibrəri]
dining room
restaurant
['restrɒnt]
living room
kitchen [ˈkitʃən]
bedroom
Where is the chair? [tʃeə] It’s under the ruler.
Where is the globe? It’s on the desk.
New words:
attic [‘ætik](阁楼) yard [jɑ:d] (院子) garage [‘ɡærɑ:dʒ](车库) basement [ˈbeismənt] (地下室)
Where is the notebook? It’s behind the pencil.
Where is the lamp? [læ mp] It’s on the desk.
Where is the flower? ['flaʊə] It’s in the vase.
Where is the pencil? It’s in front of the notebook.
•
(Where are) Where’re the books? (They are) They’re on the desk.
on
(在上面)
in
(在里面)
under
(在下面)
near [niə]
(旁边)
behind [biˈhaind] (后面)
next to
朗文英语听说教程1听力材料
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朗文英语听说教程1听力材料朗文英语听说教程1是一本以听力和口语训练为主的教材。
以下是一部分听力材料的参考内容。
Unit 1Title: IntroductionsFirst Section:- Speaker 1: Hello, my name is Alice. What's your name?- Speaker 2: Hi Alice, my name is John.- Speaker 3: Nice to meet both of you. I'm Mary.Second Section:- Speaker 1: Excuse me, are you from around here?- Speaker 2: No, I'm actually visiting. I'm from Canada.- Speaker 1: That's interesting. I'm from the UK.Unit 2Title: Daily RoutineFirst Section:- Speaker 1: What time do you usually wake up?- Speaker 2: I usually wake up at around 7 am.- Speaker 3: I'm more of a night owl. I usually sleep until 10 am. Second Section:- Speaker 1: Do you have any morning rituals?- Speaker 2: Yes, I always have a cup of coffee and read the news. - Speaker 3: I like to go for a run every morning to start my day. Unit 3Title: Hobbies and InterestsFirst Section:- Speaker 1: What do you do in your free time?- Speaker 2: I enjoy playing the guitar. It's my favorite hobby.- Speaker 3: I love painting. I find it very relaxing.Second Section:- Speaker 1: Have you ever tried any extreme sports?- Speaker 2: Yes, I've been skydiving before. It was an amazing experience.- Speaker 3: I prefer more low-key activities like hiking and camping.Unit 4Title: TravelFirst Section:- Speaker 1: Have you ever been to Paris?- Speaker 2: Yes, I went there last summer. It's a beautiful city.- Speaker 3: I've always wanted to visit. What was your favorite part?Second Section:- Speaker 1: How do you usually plan your trips?- Speaker 2: I usually research the sights and attractions before I go. - Speaker 3: I like to have a rough itinerary, but I also leave some room for spontaneity.Unit 5Title: Food and DiningFirst Section:- Speaker 1: What's your favorite cuisine?- Speaker 2: I love Italian food. Pizza and pasta are my go-to dishes.- Speaker 3: I'm more of a fan of Asian cuisine. I enjoy sushi and stir-fried noodles.Second Section:- Speaker 1: Do you like cooking?- Speaker 2: Yes, I love experimenting with new recipes in the kitchen.- Speaker 3: I'm not very skilled in cooking, but I enjoy baking desserts.以上内容仅为参考,实际听力材料可能会有所不同。
朗文英语听说教程1原文翻译
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朗文英语听说教程1原文翻译第一单元幸福第一部分老师:嗨,早上好。
你听说昨晚的彩票中奖者了吗?那个人赢了..什么...?两百万美元..?学生:不,三个。
老师:三百万美元?三百万。
那是一大笔钱,不是吗?你认为三百万美元会让你快乐吗?...我问你这个是因为当你问人们需要什么才能快乐时,许多人会回答“更多的钱!”我们认为金钱会让我们更快乐。
但这是真的吗?彩票中奖会帮助你获得幸福吗?今天我们将探讨幸福的概念,幸福的心理学——是什么让一些人比其他人更幸福。
我们来看看在快乐的人中发现的三个性格因素。
为了找出这些性格因素,心理学家采访了数百人。
现在,首先,他们问人们他们感觉有多幸福——你知道,从“非常幸福”到“一点也不幸福”然后他们又问了一些问题。
他们想了解人们的性格,比如他们对生活的态度等等。
他们观察了快乐的人和不快乐的人之间的差异。
他们发现了三个对获得幸福非常重要的因素。
因此...现在让我们来看看这些因素。
第一个性格因素是快乐的人...对自己满意。
这意味着他们喜欢他们自己,他们对他们所拥有的感到满意。
快乐的人可能不喜欢生活中的一切——他们可能有点超重,或者可能没有最好的工作,或者可能没有住在又大又漂亮的房子里,但他们不需要改变这些事情来变得快乐。
他们更多考虑的是自己满意的事情,而不是自己想做出的改变。
这种快乐的感觉是发自内心的,而不是来自外界的某种东西。
第二部分老师:所以。
快乐的人对自己感到满意。
另一方面,不快乐的人往往对自己不满意。
她们...哦...觉得有些事情必须改变,这样他们才能快乐。
他们认为如果他们减轻一些体重,或者得到一份更好的工作或更好的房子,他们就会快乐。
他们总是在我们身边寻找让他们开心的东西。
但问题是——他们永远也找不到它!无论他们得到什么,他们仍然不满意和不快乐。
第二个性格因素是快乐的人是乐观的——他们看待生活的积极面,而不是消极面。
现在,我们都有问题,不管我们快乐与否。
但是当快乐的人遇到问题时,他们会认为事情会有所改善。
朗文1A 2-6单元课文翻译或板书
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鼻子
数学 magnet 磁铁 mark 马克笔 man 男人 monkey 猴子 mango 芒果
math
nice nurse护士 no 不是
P36 Unit 6 head and shoulders 头和肩
头和肩 膝盖和脚趾 read a book?她能读书吗? 是的,她能。 她能写故事吗? 不,她不能。
Sing a song唱歌 Climb a tree爬树
1A unit6
我很高 我有短头发。 我有大眼睛 我很胖 我有大大的耳朵 我有一张小小的嘴巴。
Unit6 阅读
happy开心 he他 hi你好 here这里 hand手 house房子 hair头发 hat帽子
Unit3 My toys我的玩具
I have I have I have I have
a ball. 我有一个球。 a car. 我有一辆小汽车。 two robots.我有两个机器人。 six buses.我有6个公共汽车。
Picture1 看看那些小孩,TOM。 哦,男孩有卷头发。 女孩也有卷头发。 Picture2: 看,女孩们有大眼睛。 他们也
戴了大眼镜!
Picture 3: 看那两个胖男孩。他们有小小的眼睛。 嘘!不要粗鲁,Beeno。
Picture4: 我对不起。 没关系。 Picture 5: 谁能参加这个表演,Tom? 我们能参加吗? 不,Beeno。我们不能。我们不是双胞胎。
两把绿色的尺子。对不起,Charlie.这是你的 书包。
(完整版)朗文英语听说教程听力翻译
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1文:老师:早上好,大家。
早上好,菲利佩,莫妮卡,提奥,我不记得你的名字。
学生1:帕特丽夏。
老师:帕特丽夏,对,帕特丽夏。
那些都是美丽的名字,这是我们今天的主题的名字。
名字是一种文化的普遍性。
这意味着每个人都使用名字。
一个人的名字可以告诉我们一些关于一个人的家庭。
今天,我们将开始通过寻找第一个名字和人们如何选择他们的孩子的名字。
然后我们会谈论家庭的名字,看看不同类别的家庭名称。
虽然今天的讲座的范围是英语的名字,我们可以使用同样的方法,你知道,从任何文化看的名称。
让我们先简要看看,或给定的名称。
有几种方法家长为孩子选择第一个名字。
第一种方式是由家族史。
父母可以选择一个名字,因为它是通过一代一代的;例如,第一个出生的儿子可能会以他的父亲或祖父的名字命名。
虽然家庭的名字也传递给女儿,它通常是作为一个中间名。
添加“初中”或“第二个”为例,威廉帕克只做了几秒钟的男孩',而不是与女孩的名字。
父母选择一个名字的第二种方式是在一个家庭成员或朋友最近去世后,或有人“他们钦佩,像一个著名的领袖或著名的音乐家。
虽然大多数英文名字的意思是什么,例如,“李察”意味着强大和“安”意味着恩典,现在的意义不是主要原因,人们选择他们的婴儿的名字。
第三种方法是为孩子提供一个“推”。
家长想选择一个听起来很“成功”的名字,一个强大的名字可能会帮助他们在商业世界,例如。
或者他们可以选择一个名字,不论男女,像泰勒和特里。
因此,鉴于这三种方法,什么是最常见的方式家长选择一个名称。
许多家长选择一个名字,只是因为他们喜欢它,或因为它是时尚或经典。
在名字的变化就像他们在衣服。
一百年前,许多名字来自圣经的名字,如丹尼尔,安娜,和汉娜和马修。
然后五十年前,圣经的名字就不流行了。
如今,圣经的名字也越来越受欢迎了。
同样,父母经常选择经典的名字,在1900,1950流行的名字,现在仍然很受欢迎。
男孩的经典名字包括托马斯、戴维、罗伯特和米迦勒。
对于女孩们:安娜、伊丽莎白、艾米丽和凯瑟琳,只是举几个。
朗文英语听说教程1-答案
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朗文英语听说教程(一)Quiz Unit 1 HappinessWhat did psychologists want to find out ?1. a. Which people are happy b. What makes people happy c. How people define happiness How do happy people feel about their lives ?2. a. They like everything. b. They want to change. c. They are satisfied.Why are happy people optimistic ?3.a.They have few problems. b.They don’t worry much. c. They have negative attitudes. What factor is most important for happiness ?4. a. Good relationships b. A successful career c. A lot of money5. Describe how psychologists learned what makes people happy.Psychologists asked hundreds of people how happy they are. Then they asked questions to find out about their personalities. They looked at the differences between happy people and unhappy people.6. What three personality factors do happy people have?Happy people are satisfied with themselves. They are also optimistic about their problems. In add ition, they have good relationships with their friends and family.Unit 2 New Kinds of Food (1’:50”)What is genetically modified food ?1. a. Fresh food b. Dangerous food c. Altered foodWhat genetically modified fruit did the speaker mention ?2. a. Strawberries b. Apples c. BananasWhat is a benefit of genetically modified food ?3. a. It needs fewer pesticides. b. It grows in less space. c. It dominates the environment. What is a risk of genetically modified food ?4. a. It may stay fresh longer. b. It may be more expensive. c. It may be harmful to people.5. What are three benefits of genetically modified food?Genetically modified food needs fewer pesticides. Genetically modified food/plants grow better than normal. In addition, they stay fresh longer after they are harvested.6. What are three risks of genetically modified food?Genetically modified food/plants may dominate other plants in the environment. Also, they might hurt wild animals and insects. They might even hurt the people who eat them.Unit 3 Public Art (2’:02”)What is public art ?1. a. Art in museums b. Art in people’s houses c. Art in public placesWhat sculpture is an example of realistic art ?2. a. Spoonbridge and Cherry (spoon and cherry) b. Non-Violence (gun in knot) c. Peace (wom an on horse)What concept do two of the sculptures in the lecture symbolize ?3. a. Public art b. Surrealism c. PeaceWhat is the main purpose of public art ?4. a. To make people go to museums b. To make artists more popularc. To make public places more beautiful5. What is pop art? Give an example.Pop art shows things people see in their everyday lives. Spoonbridge and Cherry, the sculpture ofa large spoon with a cherry, is an example of pop art.6. What is surrealistic art? Give an example.Surrealistic art shows things that are strange or impossible. Non-Violence, the sculpture of a gun tied in a knot, is an example of surrealistic art.Unit 4 Journey to AntarcticaWhen did Shackleton and his crew make their journey ?1. a. From 1912 to 1914 b. From 1914 to 1916 c. From 1916 to 1918Where did Shackleton and five men go for help ?2. a. South Georgia Island b. Elephant Island c. ArgentinaWhat finally happened to Shacklenton and his crew ?3. a. Everyone died. b. Some were rescued. c. Everyone was rescued.What finally happened to the Endurance ?4. a. It reached America. b. It sank near Antarctica. c. It returned to London.5. What was the goal of Shackleton’s Journey? Did he succeed?Shackleton’s goal was to be the first person to walk across Antarctica. He didn’t succeed.6. What did Shackleton and his crew eat when they were living on ice?First, they ate supplies from the ship. Then they hunted animals in the area. Finally, they killed an d ate their dogs.Unit 5 Violence on Television (2’:11”)How much TV does the average American child watch ?1. a. Three to four hours a day b. Three to four hours a week c. Thirty to forty hours a week What TV shoes have the most violent acts ?2. a. Movies b. Cartoons c. The newsHow many violent acts does the average child see on television by age twelve ?3. a. About 1,000 b. About 10,000 c. About 100,000What did the two studies show ?4. a. TV violence is linked to real violence. b. TV violence is not harmful for children. c. TV violen ce is increasing in the United States.5. How did researchers study the immediate effects of TV violence on children?The researchers showed children a TV show of a child hitting and kicking a doll. Then they left the children alone with a doll. The children hit and kicked the doll. This study showed that children do what they see on TV.6. How did researchers study the long-term of TV violence on children?The researchers studied how much violent television some children watched at age eight. Then th ey studied the same children at age eighteen. The children who watched a lot of violence TV were more violent at age eighteen.Unit 6 Too Old to Learn? (2’:06”)What do animals learn new skills ?1. a. Before the critical period b. During the critical period c. After the critical periodWhat must young kittens learn to do ?2. a. See b. Eat c. MeowWhat must young songbirds learn to do ?3. a. See b. Eat c. SingWhat changes after the critical period in humans ?4. a. The ability to hear sounds b. The ability to pronounce sounds c. The size of the brain5. Define critical period. Give an example.The critical period is when an animal or human can learn a new skill. For example, in humans there is a critical period for language learning.6. What is difficult for adult language learners? Why?Adults find it difficult to pronounce sounds correctly. Therefore, they may never learn to speak a new language with a native accentUnit 7 Are We Alone? (2’:15”)What is the SETI project looking for ?1. a. Intelligent beingsb. Other galaxiesc. Rocket shipsWhy do some scientists think there is intelligent life on other planets ?2. a. They have received signals from other planets.b. They have seen rockets from other planets.c. They believe other planets could support life.How does the SETI project look for life in other galaxies ?3. a. By sending out radio signalsb. By listening for radio signalsc. By sending out rocketsWhy does the STEI project look for radio signals ?4. a. Radio signals travel quickly and have a short range.b. Radio signals travel quickly and have a long range.c. Radio signals travel slowly and have a long range.5. How fast do radio signals travel? How long is needed for a radio signal to travel from the nearest galaxy to earth?Radio signals travel at the speed of light. A radio signal travels about four years from the nearest galaxy to earth.6. Why doesn’t the SETI project use rockets to look for intelligent life?Rocket ships are restricted to traveling in one direction. And they are much slower than radio signals.Unit 8 Do the Right Thing (1’:55”)What is the principle of common good ?1. a. Do what is best for most people. b. Do what is best for everybody. c. Do what is best for y ourself.What is the principle of individual rights ?2. a. Take care of other people. b. Do what is best for yourself. c. Make your own decisions. Whose writings is the principle of individual rights based on ?3. a. Aristotle b. Kant c. BenthamWhat ethical principle can be used to justify lying ?4. a. The principle of individual rights b. The principle of individual good c. The principle of co mmon good5. Explain why the friend in the lecture wanted to lie to the dying woman.The friend thought spending a lot of money on an expensive funeral was a waste of money. He w anted to give the money to a school for homeless children.6. Use an ethical principle to explain how the friend can justify lying to the dying woman. Following the principle of common good, the friend will help more people if he gives the money to the s chool for homeless children. The only person he might hurt is the dying woman.Unit 9 A Good Night’s SleepHow does the National Sleep Center learn about sleep ?1. a. From watching people sleepb. From surveys about sleep habitsc. From books about sleep habitsWhat is a cause of sleep deprivation ?2. a. Our modern lifestyleb. Feeling tiredc. Health problemsWhat is an effect of sleep deprivation ?3. a. Car accidentsb. Watching TVc. Family problemsWhat percentage of Americans feel sleepy when driving ?4. a. Seventeenb. Twentyc. Fifty5. How has technology affected our sleep habits?A hundred years ago, people didn’t stay up late because there was not much to do. However, today we can stay up late working, watching TV, or using the Internet.6. How does feeling sleepy affect people at work?When people are sleepy at work, they don’t think clearly and can make mistakes. These mistakes can cost a lot of money or cause accidents.Unit 10 Negotiating for SuccessWhat is one technique for successful negotiation ?1. a. Solving the problemb. Talking about feelingsc. Using “I”statementsWhy should you use I statements in a negotiation ?2. a. To explain your opinionb. To solve the problemc. To avoid blaming othersWhat often happens if you blame someone in a negotiation ?3. a. The person stops communicating.b. The person accepts the blame.c. The person solves the problem.What usually causes problems in a negotiation ?4. a. The issue in the negotiationb.People’s feelings about the negotiationc. The people in the negotiation5. Explain the example of conflict in the lecture. Who has a conflict? What is it about?Two co-workers have a conflict. They are working on a project together. One person isn’t finishing his work on time.6. Give an example of a statement blaming another person. Then rewrite the statement using an “I”statement.A statement blaming another person is “You aren’t doing your work, Joe.”An “I”statement is “I’m worried because the work isn’t done.”Unit 11 Risking ItWhat activity has a high perceived risk ?1. a. Flying in an airplane b. Driving a car c. Riding a bicycleWhat is an example of a risk you can control ?2. a. Being in an earthquake b. Driving a car c. Flying in an airplaneWhat is an example of a natural risk ?3. a. Going out in the sunb. Living near a nuclear power plantc. Flying in an airplaneWhat is an example of an everyday risk ?4. a. Being in an earthquake b. Flying in an airplane c. Walking down stairs5. Explain the difference between actual and perceived risk. Give an example.An actual risk is the real risk of being hurt or killed. A perceived risk is the risk people feel. For exa mple, some people feel that flying is more dangerous than driving. However, more people are killed in car accidents than in airplane accidents.6. Explain the difference between controlled and uncontrolled risk. Give an example. A controlledrisk is a risk people can control. An uncontrolled risk is a risk they can’tcontrol. For example, people are in control when they are driving. However, the pilot is in control when they are flying in an airplane.Unit 12 The Electronic BrainWhen was ENIAC built ?1. a. From 1943 to 1945 b. From 1953 to 1955 c. From 1963 to 1965Who designed ENIAC ?2. a. The U.S. Army b. IBMc. Mauchly and EckertHow many calculations could ENIAC make per second ?3. a. Five hundred b. Five thousand c. Five millionHow big was ENIAC ?4. a. The size of an 1,800-square-foot room b. The size of an 2,500-square-foot room c. The size of an 5,000-square-foot room5. Why was ENIAC built?During World War II, the U.S. Army was doing scientific projects. Women used adding machines to do the calculations by hand. However, this process was slow and there were errors. The army w anted a way to do faster and better calculations.6. Why did Mauchly and Eckert want to work on ENIAC?Mauchly was a physicist. He wanted to build a computer that could predict the weather. Eckert w as an electrical engineering student. He liked to build complex electronic machines.。
朗文国际英语教程(SBS)第一册单词含音标
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Word NotesUnit 1actor [ˈæktə] n.男演员actress [ˈæktris] n.女演员address [ə'dres] n. 地址American [əˈmerɪkən] n.美国的,美国人apartment [əˈpɑ:tmənt] n. 一套公寓athlete [ˈæθli:t] n.运动员city [ˈsiti] n.城市country [ˈkʌntri] n.国家email ['i:meil] n.电子邮件famous [ˈfeiməs] adj.著名的fax [fæks] n.传真first [fə:st] adj.第一的internet ['intənet] n.英特网last [lɑ:st] adj.最后的,末尾的leader [ˈli:də] n.领导、领袖license [ˈlaisəns] n.执照,许可证main [ mein ] adj.主要的minister ['ministə] n.部长,大臣Mr [ˈmɪstə] n.先生(Mr.)Mrs [ˈmɪsɪz] n.夫人(Mrs.)Ms [mɪz] n.女士(Ms.)nationality [ˌnæʃəˈnæliti] n.国籍,民族net [net] n.网number [ˈnʌmbə,ˈnʌmbə(r)] n.号码、数字president [ˈprezidənt] n.(国家)总统,(公司)总裁,prime [praim] adj.首要的,最好的Prime minister 总理, 首相river [ˈrivə] n.总经理江、河security [sɪˈkjʊrɪti] n.安全, 保证金social [ˈsəuʃəl] adj.社会的social security 社会保险spell [spel] v.拼写、拼读street [ stri:t ] n.街道telephone [ˈtelifəun] n.电话world [wə:ld] n.世界Unit 2absent ['æbsənt, əb'sent] a.缺席的attic [ˈætik] n. 阁楼bank [bæŋk] n. 银行basement [ˈbeismənt] n.地下室bathroom [ˈbɑ:θrum] n.浴室bedroom [ˈbedˌru:m] n.卧室blackboard [ˈblækbɔ:d] n.黑板board [bɔ:d] n.木板、牌子、黑板book [buk] n.书bookshelf [ˈbukʃelf] n.书架bulletin [ˈbulitin] n.公告板chair [tʃɛə] n.椅子chalk [tʃɔ:k] n.粉笔class [klɑ:s] n.班级clock [klɔk] n钟表computer [kəmˈpju:tə] n.计算机dentist [ˈdentist] n.牙科医生、牙科诊所desk [desk] n.书桌dictionary [ˈdikʃənəri] n.字典different [ˈdifərənt] adj.不同的dining room [ˈdaɪnɪŋ] [ru:m] n.饭厅even [ˈi:vən] adv.甚至everybody [ˈevribɔdi] pron.每人、人人except [ikˈsept] prep.除……之外friend [frend] n.朋友garage [ˈɡærɑ:ʒ] n.车库globe [ɡləub] n.地球仪hospital [ˈhɔspitəl] n.医院interesting [ˈintristiŋ] adj.令人感兴趣的, 有趣的,有吸引力的kitchen [ˈkitʃin] n.厨房library ['laibrəri] n.图书馆living room [ˈliviŋ] [ru:m] n.起居室map [mæp] n.地图me [mi:, mi] pron.我(宾格)notebook [ˈnəutbuk] n.笔记本park [pɑ:k,pɑ:rk] n.公园pen [pen] n.钢笔pencil [ˈpensəl] n.铅笔post office [pəust] [ˈɔfis] n.邮局restaurant [ˈrestərənt] n.饭店ruler [ˈru:lə] n.尺shame [ʃeim] n.遗憾的事supermarket [ˈsju:pəˌmɑ:kit] n.超市table [ˈteibl] n.桌子wall [wɔ:l] n.墙yard [jɑ:d] n花园zoo [zu:] n.动物园Unit 3baseball [ˈbeisbɔ:l] n.棒球beach [bi:tʃ] n.海滩beautiful [ˈbju:təful] adj.美丽的、漂亮的bird [bə:d] [bɜːd] n.鸟breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n.早餐cafeteria [ˌkæfiˈtiəriə] n.自助餐厅card [kɑ:d] n.卡片cook [kuk] v.煮、烹调dinner [ˈdinə] n.晚餐drink [driŋk] v.喝eat [i:t] v.吃flower [ˈflauə,ˈflaʊə(r)] n.花guitar [ɡiˈtɑ:] n.吉他happy [ˈhæpi] adj.快乐的,幸福的lemonade [ˌleməˈneid] n.柠檬水listen [ˈlisn] v.听lunch [lʌntʃ] n.午餐mathematics [ˌmæθiˈmætiks][ˌmæθəˈmætɪks] n.数学milk [milk] n.牛奶music [ˈmju:zik] n.音乐newspaper [ˈnju:sˌpeipə] n.报纸piano [piˈænəu] n.钢琴plant [plɑ:nt] n.植物(动词v. 种植)play [plei] v.玩、进行比赛、演奏radio [ˈreidiəu] n.收音机read [ri:d] v.读、阅读shine [ʃain] v.使……发光sing [siŋ] v.唱歌、唱sleep [sli:p] v.睡觉study [ˈstʌdi] v.学习、研究swim [swim] v.游泳teach [ti:tʃ] v.教、教书watch [wɔtʃ] v.看、注视/n.手表Unit 4bicycle [ˈbaisikl] n.自行车brush [brʌʃ] v.刷、画busy [ˈbizi] adj.忙的,繁忙的child [tʃaild] n.小孩children [ˈtʃɪldrən] n.孩子们(小孩的复数)clean [kli:n] v.清洁、打扫clothes [kləuðz] n.衣服club [klʌb] n.俱乐部exercise [ˈeksəsaiz] n.练习、作业、运动feed [fi:d] v.喂、饲养fix [fiks] v.修理、使……固定health [helθ] n.健康、卫生、保健her [hə:] pron.她的his [hiz] pron.他的homework [ˈhəumwə:k] n.家庭作业its [its] pron.它的my [mai] pron.我的of course 当然our [ˈauə] pron.我们的paint [peint] v绘画油漆sink [siŋk] n.污水槽teeth [ti:θ] n.牙齿(复数)their [ðɛə] pron.他们的tooth [tu:θ] n.牙齿wash [wɔʃ] v.洗、洗涤、清洁window [ˈwindəu] n.窗户your [jɔ:] pron.你的、你们的Unit 5big [biɡ] adj.大的boss [bɔs] n.老板British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] adj./.英国的、n.英国人brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄弟burger [ˈbə:ɡə] n.汉堡包call [kɔ:l] v./n.呼叫、访问、打电话captain [ˈkæptin] n.船长car [kɑ:] n.小汽车chapter [ˈtʃæptə] n.章、回、篇cheap [tʃi:p] adj.便宜的clinic ['klinik] n.诊所cloudy [ˈklaudi] adj.多云的cold [kəuld] adj.冷的Columbia [kə'lʌmbiə] n.哥伦比亚cool [ku:l] adj.凉的dear [diə] adj.亲爱的difficult [ˈdifikəlt] adj.困难的easy [ˈi:zi] adj.容易的、不费力气的expensive [iksˈpensiv] adj.昂贵的fact [fækt] n.事实、实际fat [fæt] adj.肥胖的few [fju:] adj./pron.很少的,不多的,少数的;food [fu:d] n.食物handsome [ˈhænsəm] adj.英俊的hear [hiə] v.听到、听说heavy [ˈhevi] adj.重的hot [hɔt] adj.热的,热情的,辣的hotel [həuˈtel] n.旅馆、宾馆、酒店、饭店house [haus] n.房屋large [lɑ:dʒ] adj.大的little [ˈlitl] adj.小的loud [laud] adj.大声的married [ˈmærid] adj.已婚的Miami [maiˈæmi] n.迈阿密noisy [ˈnɔizi] adj.吵闹的、喧闹的、嘈杂old [əuld] adj.旧的other [ˈʌðə] adj./.其他的、别的;plaza [ˈplɑ:zə, ˈplæzə] n.广场、购物中心poor [puə] adj.可怜的、贫穷的pretty [ˈpriti] adj.漂亮的problem [ˈprɔbləm] n.问题question [ˈkwestʃən] n.问题、疑问quiet [ˈkwaiət] adj.安静的、宁静的rain [rein] n./.雨;v.下雨rainy [ˈreini] adj.下雨的rich [ritʃ] adj.富有的right [rait] adj./.正确的;adv.恰恰,刚好royal [ˈrɔiəl] adj.王室的、皇家的short [ʃɔ:t] adj.矮的、短的single [ˈsiŋɡl] adl.单身的sister [ˈsistə] n.姐妹sit [sit] v坐sludge [slʌdʒ] n.泥、泥泞small [smɔ:l] adj.小的snow [snəu] n./.雪;v.下雪snowy [ˈsnəʊi:,ˈsnəʊi] adj.下雪的、多雪的sorry [ˈsɔri] adj.对不起、抱歉、遗憾的stomach [ˈstʌmək] n.难过的胃sunny [ˈsʌni] adj.晴朗的、阳光充足的Tahiti [tɑ:'hi:ti] n.塔希提岛(南太平洋)tall [tɔ:l] adj.高的terrible [ˈterəbl] adj.糟糕的、可怕的thin [θin] adj.瘦的together [təˈɡeðə] adv.一起town [taun] n.城镇truth [tru:θ] n.事实,确实ugly [ˈʌɡli] adj.丑陋的、难看的vacation [vəˈkeiʃən] n.假期、休假warm [wɔ:m] adj.暖和的weather [ˈweðə] n.天气、气候write [rait] v.写young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的Unit 6act [ækt] v.行动、扮演angry [ˈæŋɡri] a. 生气的argument [ˈɑ:ɡju:mənt] n.争论、辩论aunt [ɑ:nt] n. 伯母、姑、婶、姨bake [beik] v.烘培、烤band [bænd] n. 乐队bark [bɑ:k] v.吠、叫birthday [ˈbə:θdei] n.生日brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄弟building ['bildiŋ] n.建筑物cake [keik] n.蛋糕corner [ˈkɔ:nə] n.角落、转角cousin ['kʌzn] n.堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)cry [krai] v.哭、叫、喊daughter [ˈdɔ:tə] n.女儿drum [drʌm] n.鼓、鼓声each [i:tʃ] adj./adv./.每一,各个的adv.每、各自each other 彼此Eiffel Tower [ˈaɪfəl] [ˈtauə] n.(巴黎)埃菲尔铁塔father [ˈfɑ:ðə] n.父亲favorite [ˈfeivərit] adj./.最喜爱的;n.最喜爱的人或物fireplace [ˈfaiəpleis] n.壁炉game [ɡeim] n.游戏gown [ɡaun] n.长袍、长外衣grandfather [ˈɡrændˌfɑ:ðə] n.(外)祖父grandmother [ˈɡrændˌmʌðə] n.(外)祖母grandparent [ˈɡrændˌpɛərənt] n.(外)祖父母husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n.丈夫know [nəu] v.知道、了解、认识late [leit] adj./advadj.迟的、晚的laugh [lɑ:f] v.笑man [mæn] n.男人、人类、人member [ˈmem ə] n.成员会员mother [ˈmʌðə] n.母亲nephew [ˈnefju:] 美[ˈnɛfju] n.侄子、外甥niece [ni:s] n.侄女、外甥女night [nait] n.夜晚noise [nɔiz] n.响声、喧哗声、噪声parent [ˈpɛərənt] n.父母Paris ['pæris] n.巴黎people ['pi:pl] n.民族、人、人们、人民photo [ˈfəutəu] n.相片、照片photograph ['fəutəɡrɑ:f] n.相片、照片play [plei] n./v.游戏、游玩、剧本、比赛 v. 玩popular [ˈpɔpjulə] adj.大众的、流行的ride [raid] v.骑、乘坐rug [rʌɡ] n毯子、地毯sentimental [ˌsentəˈmentl] adj.感情脆弱的sister [ˈsistə] n.姐妹skateboard [ˈskeɪtˌbɔ:d] n.滑板sofa [ˈsəufə] n.沙发son [sʌn] n.儿子special [ˈspeʃəl] adj.特别的、专门的stand [stænd] v.站立teenager [ˈti:neidʒə] 到19岁的年轻人tired [ˈtaiəd] adj.疲劳的、累的uncle [ˈʌŋkl] n.伯、伯父、舅、叔、姨vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] n./v.夫n.真空吸尘器v.用吸尘器打扫wear [wɛə] v.穿着wedding [ˈwediŋ] n.婚礼white [hwait] n.白色wife [waif] n.妻子woman [ˈwumən] n.妇女、女人women [ˈwimin] n.(复数)女人wonderful [ˈwʌndəful] adj.极好的、精彩的Unit 7across [əˈkrɔs] prep.穿过、横过air [ɛə] n.空气air conditioner [ɛə] [kənˈdiʃənə] n.空调airport [ˈɛəpɔ:t] n.机场almost ['ɔ:lməust] adv.几乎、差不多around [əˈraund] prep.在…周围avenue [ˈævinju:] n.林荫道、大道bakery [ˈbeɪkəri:] n.面包店barber [ˈbɑ:bə] n. 理发师because [biˈkɔz] 连接词conj.因为between [biˈtwi:n] prep.在…之间broken [ˈbrəukən] adj.坏掉的、打破的、断掉bus [bʌs] n.的公共汽车center [ˈsentə] n.中心、中央central [ˈsentrəl] adj.教堂church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂closet [ˈklɔzit] n.壁橱、小室clothing [ˈkləuðiŋ] n.(总称)衣服cockroach [ˈkɔkˌrəʊtʃ] n.蟑螂conditioner [kənˈdiʃənə] n.调节器convenient [kənˈvi:njənt] adj.方便的department [di pɑ:tmənt] n.部门、部、系department store [diˈpɑ:tmənt] [stɔ:] n.百货商店dish [diʃ] n.盘子drug [drʌɡ] n.药elevator [ˈeliveitə] n.电梯escape [isˈkeip] n.避难设备excuse [iksˈkju:z] v.原谅fire [ˈfaiə] n.火、火灾fire escape 救火梯、安全出口floor [flɔ:] n.地板、楼层fridge [fridʒ] n.冰箱gas [ɡæs] n.气体、煤气、汽油hair [hɛə] n.头发half [hɑ:f] adj./.一半、半adj.一半的、不完全的hole [həul] n.孔、洞、穴however [hauˈevə] adv.然而、可是、不过hundred [ˈhʌndrəd] n.百jacuzzi [dʒəˈkuzi] n.极可意水流按摩浴缸(商标名称)machine [məˈʃi:n] n.机器、机械装置mailbox [ˈmeilbɔks] n.邮箱、邮筒mall [mɔ:l] n.购物中心、商场many [ˈmeni] n./.许多人、许多adj.许多的mice [nais] n.老鼠(复数)mouse [maus] n.夺取next [nekst] prep.靠近open [ˈəupən] v./adj.打开、开着的、开放的outside [ˌautˈsaid] prep.在…外owner ['əunə] n.所有人、物主police [pəˈli:s] n./.警察、警方adj.警方的refrigerator [riˈfridʒəreitə] n.冰箱roof [ru:f] n.屋顶salon [ˈsælɔ:ŋ] n.沙龙、大会客室satellite [ˈsætəlait] n.卫星satellite dish [ˈsætəlait] [diʃ] n.圆盘式卫星电视天线shop [ʃɔp] n.商店sidewalk [ˈsaɪdˌwɔ:k] n.人行道some [sʌm] pron.一些、少学、某一state [steit] n.州、国、情形station [ˈsteiʃən] n.车站store [stɔ:] n.商店、仓库stove [stəuv] n.炉子superintendent [ˌsju:pərinˈtendənt] n.管理人train [trein] n.火车upset [ʌpˈset] adj.烦乱的,不高兴video [ˈvidiəu] n.录像机Unit 8afternoon [ˌɑ:ftəˈnu:n] n.下午anything [ˈeniθiŋ] pron. 任何事belt [belt] n.带、腰带black [blæk] adj.黑色的、黑人、黑色blouse [blauz] n.女衬衫blue [blu:] adj.蓝色的、忧郁的蓝色boot [bu:t] n.靴子bracelet [ˈbreislit] n.手镯briefcase [ˈbri:fkeis] n.公文包brown [braun] adj.褐色的、棕色的、褐色can [kæn, kən] model.能clean [kli:n] adj.干净的cleaner [ˈkli:nə] n.清洁工clothesline [ˈkləʊzˌlaɪn] n.晾衣绳coat [kəut] n.外套cotton [ˈkɔtən] n.棉花的、棉花dirty [ də:ti] adj.肮脏的dress [dres] n.女装、服装dry [drai] adj.干的earring [ˈiəˌriŋ] n.耳环、耳饰empty [ˈempti] adj.空的evening [ˈi:vniŋ] n.傍晚、晚上frustrated [frʌˈstreɪtɪd] adj.失败的、落空的gift [ɡift] n.礼物glove [ɡlʌv] n.手套gold [ɡəuld] adj.金的、金子gray [ɡrei] adj.灰色的、灰色green [ɡri:n] adj.绿色的、绿色guess [ɡes] v.猜测、推测handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n.手提包hat [hæt] n.帽子help [help] v.帮助holiday ['hɔlədi] n.假期、假日inexpensive [ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv] adj.不贵的jacket [ˈdʒækit] n.短上衣、夹克衫leather [ˈleðə,ˈleðə(r)] n.皮革制的、皮革made [meɪd] 的过去式make [meik] v.做、制作、使may [mei] model.可以mistake [misˈteik] n.错误mitten [ˈmɪtn] n.连指手套morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n.早晨、上午necklace [ˈneklis] n.项链nothing ['nʌθiŋ] pron.什么也没有orange [ˈɔrindʒ] adj.橙色的、橘子pair [pɛə] n.双、对、副pant [pænt] n.裤子pink [piŋk] adj粉红色的、粉色的pocketbook [ˈpɔkɪtˌbʊk] n.皮夹子、袖珍本polka dot [ˈpɔlkə] [dɔt] n.圆点花样的布料purple [ˈpə:pl] adj.紫色的、紫色purse [pə:s] n.钱包raincoat [ˈreinkəut] n.雨衣red [red] adj.红色的right [rait] adj.对的、正确的ring [riŋ] n.环、戒指、铃声shirt [ʃə:t] n.衬衫shoe [ʃu:] n.鞋silver [ˈsilvə] adj.银色的、银skirt [skə:t] n.裙子sock [sɔk] n.短袜something [ˈsʌmθiŋ] pron.某事、某物stocking [ˈstɔkiŋ] n.长袜striped [straɪpt, ˈstraɪpɪd] adj.有斑纹的suit [sju:t] n.套装sure [ʃuə] adj.确信、必然的sweater [ˈswetə] n.毛衣these [ði:z] pron.这些think [θiŋk] v.想、考虑、想像tie [tai] n.领带、领结、鞋带trouble ['trʌbl] n.麻烦、困难trouser [ˈtrauzə] n.裤子umbrella [ʌmˈbrelə] n.伞vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl] n.乙烯基watch [wɔtʃ] n.手表white [hwait] adj.白色、白色的、白种人wool [wul] n.毛线、毛织品、羊毛work [wə:k] adj.工作yellow [ˈjeləu] adj.黄色、黄色的Unit 9afraid [əˈfreid] adj. 害怕的, 担心的always [ˈɔ:lweiz] ad. 总是back [bæk] adv.向后地call [kɔ:l] v.打电话culture [ˈkʌltʃə] n.文化drive [draiv] v.开车、驱使forget [fəˈɡet] v.忘记、忽略grocery [ˈgrəʊsəri:] n.杂货店language [ˈlæŋɡwidʒ] n.语言live [liv] v.活、居住、过着office [ˈɔfis] n.办公室program [ˈprəuɡræm] n.节目、程序、计划shop [ʃɔp] .商店 v.购物show [ʃəu] n.显示、表现、表演speak [spi:k] v.说话、演说suburb [ˈsʌbə:b] n.郊区suburban [səˈbɜ:bən] adj.市郊的、城郊的taxi [ˈtæksi] n.计程车、出租汽车usually ['ju:ʒuəli] adv.通常violin [ˌvaiəˈlin] n.小提琴visit [ˈvizit] n./.拜访、访问V.访问、参观weekend [ˌwi:kˈend] n.周末when [hwen] 在…时adv.什么时候Unit 10active ['æktiv] adj.积极的、主动的activity [ækˈtiviti] n.活动adventure [ədˈventʃə] n.冒险、奇遇alone [əˈləun] adv.单独的、单独地as [æz, əz] conj. prep.正如…作为athletic [æθˈletɪk] adj. 运动的、身体健壮的author [ˈɔ:θə] n.作者biography [baiˈɔɡrəfi] n.传记cartoon [kɑ:ˈtu:n] n.动画片choir [ˈkwaiə] n.唱诗班、歌唱队classical [ˈklæsikəl] adj.古典的comedy [ˈkɔmidi] n.喜剧concert [ˈkɔnsət] n.音乐会drama [ˈdrɑ:mə] n.剧本、戏剧during [ˈdjuəriŋ] prep.在…期间fiction [ˈfikʃən] n.小说Friday ['fraɪdɪ] n.星期五garden ['ɡɑ:dn] n.花园、菜园golf [ɡɔlf] n.高尔夫球hockey [ˈhɔki] n.曲棍球important [imˈpɔ:tənt] adj.重要的instrument [ˈinstrumənt] n.乐器、工具、器械international [ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl] adj.国际的jazz [dʒæz] n.爵士乐jog [dʒɔɡ] v.慢跑karate [kəˈrɑ:ti:] n.空手道Monday ['mʌndi] n.星期一museum [mju:ˈziəm] n.博物馆musical [ˈmju:zikəl] adj.音乐的non-fiction [nɔnˈfɪkʃən] n.纪实类文学作品novel [ nɔvəl] n.小说orchestra [ˈɔ:kistrə] n.管弦乐队outgoing [ˈaʊtˌgəʊɪŋ] adj.爱交际的、外向的performer [pəˈfɔ:mə(r)] n.表演者poetry [ˈpəuitri] n.诗歌rock music n.摇滚乐Saturday [ˈsætədi] n.星期六science [ˈsaiəns] n.科学science fiction n.科幻小说shy [ʃai] adj.害羞的spend [spend] v.花费、度过star [stɑ:] n.星、明星stay [stei] v.停留、逗留story [ˈstɔ:ri] n.故事Sunday [ˈsʌndi] n.星期日team [ti:m] n.队、组Thursday [ˈθə:zdi] n.星期四Tuesday [ˈtju:zdi] n.星期二volleyball [ˈvɔlibɔ:l] n.排球Wednesday [ˈwenzdi] n.星期三western [ˈwestən] adj.西部的、西方的、西部yoga [ˈjəʊgə] n.片瑜伽Unit 11antenna [ænˈtenə] n.触角、天线blond [blɔnd] adj.金发的both [bəuθ] adj.两者都;两个都close [kləuz] adj./v.靠近的、亲近的conversation [ˌkɔnvəˈseiʃən] n.交谈、谈话、会话curly [ˈkɜ:li] adj.卷曲的elevator [ˈeliveitə] n.电梯escalator [ˈeskəˌleɪtə] n.自动扶梯experiment [iksˈperimənt] n.实验、实验journalist [ˈdʒə:nəlist] n.记者、新闻工作者laboratory [ləˈbɔrətəri] n.实验室look [luk] v.看; 寻找lucky [ˈlʌki] adj.幸运的magazine [ˌmæɡəˈzi:n] n.杂志month [mʌnθ] n.月motorcycle [ˈməutəˌsaikəl] n.摩托车national [ˈnæʃənəl] adj.国家的、民族的never [ˈnevə] adv.从不once [wʌns] adv.一次rarely [ˈrɛəli] adv.很少、难得reporter [riˈpɔ:t] n.记者scientist [ˈsaiəntist] n.科学家straight [streit] adj.直的time [taim] n.时间travel [ˈtrævəl] n.旅行twice [twais] adv.两倍; 两次unfortunately [ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənətli] adv.不幸的week [wi:k] n.星期、周year [jə:] n.年Unit 12acme [ˈækmɪ] n.定点、极点answer [ˈɑ:nsə] v. 回答assistant [ə sistənt] n.助手助理, 店员bathtub [ˈbɑ:θtʌb] n.浴缸bite [bait] v.咬blush [blʌʃ] v.脸红business [ˈbiznis] n.商业、生意carpet [ˈkɑ:pit] n.地毯、毛毯carrier [ˈkæriə] n.运送者company [ˈkʌmpəni] adj.公司cover [ˈkʌvə] v.覆盖custodian [kʌˈstəʊdi:ən] n.管理人、保管人deliver [diˈlivə] v.递送、达标direct [diˈrekt] v.指示、指挥dish [diʃ] n.盘子early [ˈə:li] adj./adv.早embarrass [ɪmˈbærəs] v.使窘迫;使尴尬;使为难employee [ˌemplɔiˈi:] adj.雇员empty [ˈempti] adj.空的energetic [ˌenəˈdʒetik] adj.精力旺盛的flashlight [ˈflæʃˌlaɪt] n.手电筒flu [flu:] n.流行性感冒forth [fɔ:θ] adv.向前、向外hungry [ˈhʌŋɡri] adj.饥饿的lamp [læmp] n.灯nail [neil] n.指甲、钉子nervous [ˈnə:vəs] adj.紧张的officer [ˈɔfisə] n.官员perspire [pəˈspaɪə] v.出汗、流汗police [pəˈli:s] n.警察、警方receptionist [rɪˈsepʃənɪst] n.接待员result [riˈzʌlt] n.结果rush [rʌʃ] v.冲进、匆促行事scared [skeəd] adj.害怕的secretary [ˈsekrətəri] n.秘书shiver [ˈʃivə] v.颤动shout [ʃaut] v.呼喊(cry) (at)sick [sik] adj.恶心的、有病的、腻烦smile [smail] v.的微笑 (at)sort [sɔ:t] v.分类、整理staff [stɑ:f] n.全体人员、同事strange [streindʒ] adj.陌生的、奇怪的strike [straik] n.罢工sweat [swet] v.汗、出汗thirsty [ˈθə:sti] adj.口渴的traffic [ˈtræfik] n.交通truck [trʌk] n.卡车type [taip] v.打字typewriter [ˈtaipˌraitə] n.打字机typical [ˈtipikəl,ˈtɪpɪkl] adj.典型的、有代表性的unusual [ˌʌnˈju:ʒuəl] adj.不平常的、异常的vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] n.真空吸尘器yawn [jɔ:n] v.打哈欠、哈欠Unit 13ace [eis] adj.一流的、卓越的annoyed [əˈnɔɪd] a. 烦闷的application [ˌæpliˈkeiʃən] n.申请apply [əˈplai] v.申请attach [əˈtætʃ] v. 附上, 贴上believe [biˈli:v] v.认为、相信bowling [ˈbəuliŋ] n.保龄球cash [kæʃ] n.现金cash register [kæʃ] [ˈredʒistə] n.(美)收银机、现金出纳机chef [ʃef] n.厨师construction [kənˈstrʌkʃən] n.建设、建造crowded [ˈkraʊdɪd] adj.拥挤的customer [ˈkʌstəmə] n.顾客depressed [dɪˈprest] adj.沮丧的、降低的duplicate [ˈdju:plikit] n.副本、复制品employment [imˈplɔimənt] n.职业、雇佣、使用equipment [iˈkwipmənt] n.设备、装备fee [fi:] n.费用file [fail] n.档案/V.归档fill [fil] v.装满、填充finally ['fainəli] adv.最后、最终form [fɔ:m] n.形式、表格hope [həup] v.希望ink [iŋk] n.墨水inventory [ˈɪnvəntri] n.详细目录、存货清单loan [ləun] n.贷款lock [lɔk] v./n.锁marriage [ˈmæridʒ] n.婚姻、结婚mechanic [miˈkænik] n.技工、机修工motor [ˈməutə,ˈməʊtə(r)] adj.机动的、汽车的operate [ˈɔpəreit] v.操作、动手术park [pɑ:k,pɑ:rk] v.停车passport [ˈpɑ:spɔ:t] n.护照pay [pei] v.支付、付清pick [pik] v.挑选、摘pie [pai] n.馅饼reception [riˈsepʃən] n.接待register [ˈredʒistə] n.暂存器、记录、登记簿salesperson [ˈseɪlzˌpɜ:sən] n.销售员script [skript] n.原稿、手稿service [ˈsɜːvɪs] n.服务ski [ski:] v.滑雪software [ˈsɔftwɛə] n.软件spoken [ˈspəʊkən] adj.口头的speak过去分词stove [stəuv] n炉子火炉submit [səbˈmit] v.呈送、递交test [test] n.测试、试验tool [tu:l] n.工具vehicle [ˈvi:ɪkl] n.交通工具、车辆wait [weit] v.等候、期待wonder [ˈwʌndə] n.奇迹、惊奇written [ˈrɪtn] adj.书面的Unit 14accident ['æksidәnt] n. 意外事件, 事故according to 根据、按照April ['eiprəl] n. 四月August [ɔ:ˈɡʌst] n. 八月autumn [ˈɔ:təm] n.秋季、秋天become [biˈkʌm] v.成为、变成begin [biˈɡin] v.开始believe [biˈli:v] v.认为、相信celebrate [ˈselibreit] v.庆祝、祝贺clear [kliə] adj清楚的晴朗的college [ˈkɔlidʒ] n.学院、大学cut [kʌt] v.切割December [diˈsembə] n.十二月dollar [ˈdɔlə] n.美元doorbell [ˈdɔ:ˌbel] n.门铃entire [inˈtaiə] adj.全部的、整个的eve [i:v] n.前夜、前夕fall [fɔ:l] v.倒下、落下February [ˈfebruəri] n.二月finish [ˈfiniʃ] v.完成、结束fire [ˈfaiə] v.解雇、开枪foggy [ˈfɔɡi, ˈfɑɡi] adj.有雾的forecast [ˈfɔ:-kɑ:st] n.预测、预报fortune [ˈfɔ:tʃən] n.财产、命运future [ˈfju:tʃə] n.将来、未来get [ɡet] v.获得、得到half [hɑ:f] n.一半的happen [ˈhæpən] vi.发生、碰巧high school n.中学hire [ˈhaiə] v.雇请、出租hope [həup] v.希望hurry [ˈhʌri] n./.匆忙 v.催促、匆忙hurt [hə:t] v.伤害、(使)疼痛immediately [iˈmi:diətli] adv.立即iron [ˈaiən] v.熨、烫衣服January [ˈdʒænjuəri] n.一月July [dʒu:ˈlai] n.七月June [dʒu:n] n.六月leave [li:v] v.离开love [lʌv] n.爱、恋爱、爱情madame [məˈdæm, ˈmædəm] n.夫人March [mɑ:tʃ] n.三月May [mei] n.五月midnight [ midnait] n午夜million [ˈmiljən] n.百万move [mu:v] v.移动、搬家November [nəuˈvembə] n.十一月October [ɔkˈtəubə] n.十月pack [pæk] v.包装、捆扎picnic [ˈpiknik] n.野餐player [ˈpleɪə] n.单放机、演员plumber [ˈplʌmə] n.水管工人quarter [ˈkwɔ:tə] n.四分之一、一刻钟sail [seil] v.航行salary [ˈsæləri] n.薪水save [seiv] v.节省September [səpˈtembə] n.九月shave [ʃeiv] v.修面、刮胡子shower [ˈʃauə] n.阵雨、淋浴spring [spriŋ] n.春天start [stɑ:t] n./.起点/v.开始suitcase [ˈsju:tkeis] n.手提箱summer [ˈsʌmə] n.夏季、夏天teller [ˈtelə] n.讲话者、告诉的人used [ju:zd] adj.使用过的、二手的want [wɔnt] v.要、希望win [win] v.赢得、胜利、成功winter [ˈwintə] n.冬季、冬天wonder [ˈwʌndə] v.惊奇、想知道Unit 15appointment [əˈpɔintmənt] n.约会、预约backache [ˈbækˌeɪk] n.背痛cheese [tʃi:z] n.乳酪、干酪cough [kɔf] n.咳嗽cracker [ˈkrækə] n.饼干、爆竹dessert [diˈzə:t] n.甜食earache [ˈiəreik] n.耳痛feel [fi:l] v.感觉、觉得fence [fens] n.围墙fever [ˈfi:və] n.发烧、发热furniture [ˈfə:nitʃə] n.家具guest [ɡest] n.客人Hawaii [həˈwɑ:i:] n.夏威夷headache [ˈhedeik] n.头痛inside [inˈsaid] adj./.里面的/adv.在里面invite [inˈvait] v.邀请(to)matter [ˈmætə] n./.事件/v.有关系prepare [priˈpɛə] v.准备、预备 (for)rest [rest] n./v.休息second [ˈsekənd] adj./.第二/n.秒seem [si:m] v.像是、似乎serve [sə:v] v.服务、对待sore [sɔː(r)] adj.疼痛的spaghetti [spəˈɡeti] n.意大利式细面条step [step] n.步骤、步、踏级stomachache [ˈstʌməkˌeɪk] n.胃痛then [ðen] adv.那么、当时、然后throat [θrəʊt] n.喉咙toothache [ˈtu:θˌeɪk] 牙痛trip [trip] n.旅行turn [tə:n] 打开、拧开yesterday [ˈjestədi] n./adv.昨天Unit 16bought [bɔ:t] v.购买, 购得(buy的过去day off 放假did [did] v.式)做(do的过去式)forgot [fəˈɡɔt] v.忘记(forget的过去式)got [gɔt] v.得到(get的过去式)had [hæd] v.有,吃(have的过去式)made [meɪd] v.做,使,安排(make的过去式)met [met] v.遇见(meet的过去式)mile [mail] n.英里minute [ˈminit] n.分钟miss [mis] v.想念、漏掉、错过quick [kwik] adj.快的、迅速的read [ri:d] v.读,阅读(read的过去式)repair [riˈpɛə] n./v.修理shout (向某人)大声喊叫 (at sb.)steal [sti:l] v.偷stole [stəʊl] v.偷(steal的过去式)supervisor [ˈsju:pəˌvaɪzə] n.监督人、管理人、主管thief [θi:f] n.人贼、小偷took [tʊk] v.拿、取went [went] v.去(go的过去式)Unit 17advertising [ˈædvəˌtaɪzɪŋ] n.广告、广告业armchair [ˈɑ:mˌtʃeə] n.扶手椅assembly [əˈsembli] n.集会、装配before [biˈfɔ:] prep./conj.在…以前began [biˈɡæn] v.开始 begin的过去式bread [bred] n.面包cereal [ˈsiəriəl] n.谷类食物clean [kli:n] adj.干净的cleaner [ˈkli:nə] n.清洁剂、清洁工commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl] adj./.商业的/n.商业广告communicate [kəˈmju:nikeit] v.沟通、交流dimple [ˈdɪmpəl] n.酒窝、涟漪dirty [ˈdə:ti] adj.肮脏的dull [dʌl] adj.迟钝的、无趣的、黯淡elementary [ˌeliˈmentəri] adj.的初级的、基本的小学elementaryschoolenormous [iˈnɔ:məs] adj.巨大的、庞大的exciting [ikˈsaitiŋ] adj.令人兴奋的factory [ˈfæktəri,fæktri] n.工厂freckle [ˈfrekəl] n.雀斑、斑点grew [ɡru:] v.成长 grow的过去式healthy [ˈhelθi] adj.健康的hero [ˈhiərəu] n.男主角、英雄hobby [ˈhɔbi] n.业余爱好ice cream n.冰淇淋occupation [ˌɔkjuˈpeiʃən] n.职业Peru [pəˈru:,piˈru:] n.秘鲁presto [ˈprestəʊ] n.(音乐)快拍, 口语中表示让人难以置信的东西recommend [ˌrekəˈmend] v.建议、推荐、劝告、介recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeiʃən] n.绍推荐、介绍shampoo [ʃæmˈpu:] n.洗发剂shiny [ˈʃaɪni:] adj.有光泽的、发光的skim [skim] n. 脱脂(物)soap [səup] n.肥皂spare [spɛə] adj.多余的、备用的subject [ˈsʌbdʒikt] n.科目、主题tiny [ˈtaini] adj.极小的、微小的toothpaste [ˈtu:θˌpeɪst] n.牙膏uncomfortable [ʌnˈkʌmfətəbəl] adj.不舒服的、不自在的vitamin [ˈvitəmin] n.维生素wax [wæks] n.蜡word [wə:d] n.词、消息。
朗文英语听说教程1 Unit 2听力原文
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Unit 2 Hew Kinds of FoodPart 1Teacher: Hi, everybody…how's it going? ... Good .…Has everyone turned in their homework? All righty, then let's get started. IF you remember, last week we were discussing some research in the area of genetics. Today, I'd like to talk about something I'm sure you've all heard about-genetically modified or "GM" food.Genetically modified food is food--either a plant or animal--that has been altered in the laboratory by scientists. The scientists take something from one plant or animal, and add it to a different plant or animal to make it grow in a different way. Today, we'll look at some of the benefits, and the possible risks of genetically modified fond.Let's start with a discussion of some of the benefits of GM food. Genetic scientists are really trying to make food plants that are better than normal plants, to make plants that are altered in ways that make the plant grow better or taste better or be healthier to eat than normal plants.One benefit is that genetically modified plants may need fewer pesticides than normal plants. For example, there is a type of corn that is bad forinsects--when the insects eat the corn plant, they die. However, the corn doesn't hurt people. This type of corn is beneficial because farmers use fewer pesticides to grow the corn, and so there is less pollution in the environment. Also the corn is less expensive because the farmers don't have to spend a lot of money on pesticides. So, by using fewer pesticides, the corn is cheaper and the environment is cleaner.Another benefit of genetically modified plants is that they may grow better than normal plants. One example is a type of genetically modified strawberry that can grow in cold weather. These are better than normal strawberries because farmers can plant the strawberries earlier in the spring and later in the fall, when normal strawberries usually die. So, as a result, farmers cangrow many more strawberries than they used to. So that's another benefit plants that grow better.Finally, a third benefit is that many genetically modified plants stay fresh longer after they are harvested. So, for example, there is a land of tomato that stays fresh in the store for about two months, instead of one or two weeks. This means that there is more time to get the food to the stores and that stores have more rime to sell the food. Less food is thrown away and wasted. So it's a great benefit to have food that stays fresh longer--and we can consume more of the food we grow.Part 2Teacher: Now that we've looked at some of the benefit of genetically modified plants, let's talk about the risks of growing this type of food. We don't really know what the harmful effects are, but there are several things that people ate worried about.One risk is that the genetically modified plants may start to dominate the other wild plants in the environment. This is a problem with some types of tomatoes, for example. The new tomato plants are stronger than normal plants, and because they are stronger and grow faster than the wild plants, the genetically modified tomatoes may start to dominate the environment, causing the wild plants to die. So having one plant dominate all the other plants isn’t t good for the environment.Another risk is that genetically modified plants will hurt wild animals and insects in the environment. For example, the genetically modified corn 1 mentioned earlier has already caused this problem. Now some butterflies that live near the corn are dying--butterflies that are good insects, and don't eat the corn. It's possible that corn is killing the butterflies somehow, but we're not sure. We just know that more butterflies are dying than normal. But clearly there's a risk that genetically modified foods can hurt animals and insects in the environment.But probably the most important risk is that genetically modified food may be harmful to the people who consume the food. The alterations in the plants may cause serious problems for people--we just don't know. Scientists are trying all kinds of new things, such as putting the genes from animals into a plant. For example, to make a fruit like strawberries stay fresh longer, scientists took a gene from a fish--a gene that helps the fish live in cold water and put that into a strawberry. Will that strawberry be harmful to people? We don't know. Bur it may be.So it's clear that there are some important benefits to genetically modified food but also some risks-risks that a lot of people aren't willing to take. So let's stop here and discuss any questions you have at this point…1. What is genetically modified food?a.Fresh foodb.Dangerous foodc.Altered food2. What genetically modified fruit did the speaker mention?a.Strawberriesb.Applesc.Bananas3.What is a benefit of genetically modified food?a.It needs fewer pesticides.b.It grows in less space.c.It dominates the env ironment.4.What is a risk of genetically modified food?a.It may stay fresh longer.b.It may be more expensive.c.It may be harmful to people.5.What are three benefits of genetically modified food?Genetically modified food needs fewer pesticides.Genetically modified food/p lants grow better than normal.In addition,they stay fresh longer after they are harvested.6.What are three risks of genetically modified food?Genetically modified food/plants may dominate other plants in the environme nt.Also,they might hurt wild animals and insects.They might even hurt the pe ople who eat them.。
(完整版)朗文英语听说教程1-答案
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Howrican child watch ?
1.a . Three to four hours a d a yb. Three to four hours a week c. Thirty to forty hours a week What TV shoes have the most violent acts ? 2. a. Movies b . Cartoons c. The news How many violent acts does the average child see on television by age twelve ? 3. a. About 1,000 b. About 10,0c0.0A bout 100,000
朗文英语听说教程(一)Quiz Unit 1 Happiness What did psychologists want to find out ? 1. a. Which people are happyb . What makes people hap p y c. How people define happiness How do happy people feel about their lives ? 2. a. They like everything. b. They want to chac.ngTeh. e y are satisfied. Why are happy people op mis c ?
2. a. Strawberries b. Apples c. Bananas What is a benefit of gene cally modified food ? 3. a. It needs fewer pesticide s . b. It grows in less space. c. It dominates the environment. What is a risk of gene cally modified food ? 4. a. It may stay fresh longer. b. It may be more expecn. sIivtem. ay be harmful to people. 5. What are three benefits of gene cally modified food? Gene cally modified food needs fewer pes cides. Gene cally modified food/plants grow be er t han normal. In addi on, they stay fresh longer a er they are harvested. 6. What are three risks of gene cally modified food? Gene cally modified food/plants may dominate other plants in the environment. Also, they migh t hurt wild animals and insects. They might even hurt the people who eat them.
朗文英语听说教程(2)听力原文解析
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lectureaudioscriptsunit 1 what’s in a name??TEACHER: Good morning, everybody. Good morning, Felipe, Monica, Theo, and I can't remember your name.STUDENT 1: Patricia.TEACHER: Patricia, right, Patricia. Those are all beautiful names, and that's our topic today-names. Names are a culture universal. This means everyone uses names. A person's name can tell us a bit about a person's family. Today, we’ll begin by looking at first na mes and how people choose names for their children. And then we'll talk about family names, and look at the different categories of family names. Although the scope of the lecture today is English-language names, we can use the same approach, you know, to look at names from any culture.Let's take a brief look at first, or given names. There are several ways parents choose the first name for their child.The first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation to generation; for example, the first born son might be named after his father or grandfather. Although family names are also passed to daughters, it is usually as a middle name. Adding "junior" or "the second" for example, William Parker the seconds only done with boys', not with girls’names.The second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently, or after someone "they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first names mean something, for example, "Richard" means powerful and “Ann" means grace, nowadays meaning is not the main reason people select their baby's name.The third way is to provide a "push" for the child. Parents want to choose a name that sounds very "successful." A strong name might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choose a name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. So, given these three methods, what is themost common way parents choose a name? Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it's fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes. One hundred years ago, many names came from the Bible names such as Daniel, and Anna, and Hannah and Matthew. Then fifty years ago, Biblical names went out of fashion. Nowadays, names from the Bible are becoming popular again.Similarly, parents often choose classic names, names that were popular in 1900, 1950, and are still popular now. Classic names for boys include Thomas, David, Robert, and Michael. And for girls: Anna, Elizabeth, Emily, and Katherine, just to name a few. They're classic. They never go out of style.Let's look at the origin of last names, also called family names or surnames. Researchers have studied thousands of last names, and they've divided them into four categories. The categories are: place names, patronymics, added names, and occupational names. A recent survey showed that of the 7,000 most popular names in the United States today, 43 percent were place names, 32 percent were patronymics, 15 percent were occupational names, and 9 percent were added names.The first category is place names. Place names usually identified where a person lived or worked. Someone named John Hill lived near a hill, for example, and the Rivers family lived near a river. If you hear the name Emma Bridges, what image do you see? Do you see a family that lives near a bridge? If you do, you get the idea.The second category is patronymics. That's P-A-T-R-O-N-Y-M-I-C-S. A patronymic is the father’s name, plus an ending like S-E-N or S-O-N. The ending means that a child, a boy, is the son of his father. The names Robertson, Petersen, and Wilson are patronymics. Robertson is son of Robert, Petersen is son of Peter, and so on.The third category is added names. Linguists sometimes call this category "nicknames," but when most of us hear the word "nickname," we think of a special name a friend or a parent might use. The word "nickname" is actually an old English word that means an additional name, an added name. So I'll use the term "added name." This category of last names is fun because the names usually described a person. Reed, Baldwin, and Biggs are examples. Reed was from "red" for red hair. Baldwin was someone who was bald, someone who had little or no hair. And Biggs.STUDENT 2: Someone big?TEACHER: Yeah, someone big, right. Now, if we look around the room, wecould probably come up with some new last names, like, uh. Curly or Strong. Now, the fourth category is occupational names. The origin of the family name was the person's occupation. The most common examples of occupational names still used today are Baker (someone who bakes bread). Tailor (someone who sews clothes). Miller (someone who makes flour for bread), and Smith. . . . Now, Smith is actually the most common name in the western English-speaking world. The name comes from an Old English word, smite, that's S-M-I-T-E, which means to hit or strike. In the old days, a smith made metal things for daily life, like tools. Every town needed smiths. What's interesting is that many languages have a family name that means Smith. In Arabic it is Haddad, H-A-D-D-A-D. In Spanish it is Herrera, H-E-R-R-E-R- A. In Italian it is Ferraro, F-E-R-R-A-R-O. And in German it is Schmidt, spelled S-C-H-M-I-D-T. All these names mean smith.Though names may tell us something about someone's family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us much at all about the present. For example, there's usually not much connection between the origin of the name and the person who has it now. Take the name Cook, for instance. A person named Cook today probably doesn't cook for a living. Also, many people change their names for various reasons. Lots of people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more American. This happens less now than in the past, but people still do it. People also use pen names or stage names to give themselves a professional advantage. For example, the writer Samuel Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain, and Thomas Mapother IV uses the stage name Tom Cruisey.So, let's recap now. In today’s lesson, we looked at how parents choose English first names. We also looked at some common origins of family names. In the next class, we'll look at how names are given in Korea and in Japan. This is covered in the next section of the book. That’s all for today.Unit 2 English: A Global Language? TEACHER:Today’s topic is English as a global language. I know many of you speak English as a second language, right? How about you, Hiroshi? Is English your first language?STUDENT 1: No, my first language is Japanese. English is my second language.TEACHER: And how about you, Patricia?STUDENT 2: English is my second language, too. My first language is Spanish.TEACHER: See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language. Today, I want to give you two contrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. The first is that English is obviously a global language. People who support this point of view believe English is the language people all over the world use to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truly a global language because it is not the main language spoken by people worldwide. Supporters of this view say that though many people speak some English worldwide, English has not replaced other languages. They acknowledge that people use English every day, for many reasons, but this doesn't mean English is replacing other languages, nor does it make English the main language spoken in the world.First, let's examine the first view. First of all, English is the dominant language of business, travel, and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it. English is often used at tourist information centers, in international hotels. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can't speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is use at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union u ses English, along with French, at its meetings….ASEAN the Asian trade group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situations in which English is used as common language?STUDENT 2: How about this class? All of in the Philippines, Singapore, and Indian.TEACHER: Absolutely. Educational settings are a great example. Any others?STUDENT 2: How about a chatroom on sometimes go to chatrooms andeveryone is using English.TEACHER: Excellent example. The Internet has created a lot of communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the Internet know English. This helps support the view that English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the official language of more than seventy-five countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business, and government. Of these seventy-five countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages, like in the Philippines, Singapore, and India. In countries like India, where so many languages are spoken, you can see how using English as an official language makes it easier for people to communicate.The third reason to support the global argument is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? What are some of the reasons? Hiroshi? How about you?STUDENT 1: Well, now to study, and someday I want to be in international business.TEACHER: That's a solid reason. How about you, Oksana?STUDENT 3: I'm not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.TEACHER: OK. There's a more general reason. The point is, people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities.To sum up, English is used every day by many people. People all over the world come in contact with each other for many reasons. They need a common language, a language to facilitate communication. Being proficient in English gives someone an advantage in these situations.OK. I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language?Let's look at why some people don't believe English has replaced other languages. First, there are about three times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language. And in many countries where some people use English for work each day, they don't use English anywhere else. Even in English-speaking countries, there are millions of people who prefer to speak a language other than English at home, with friends, or at work.Second, I mentioned before that seventy-five countries have English as their official language. This doesn't mean all, or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. For example, in India, most sources agree that only about 5 percent of the population speaks English. That's a small percentage!Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situations, such as the taxi driver I mentioned earlier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like where are you going?" or "What is the name of your hotel?" isn't really a proficient English speaker. Another example is Airspeak, the English that is used by air traffic controllers and pilots. A pilot for Japan Airlines or an air traffic controller in Paris needs to know Airspeak. But they may learn only the English words they need for these jobs, and therefore they can't be considered English speakers.The point here is that people all over the world may use some English for work or other situations. Nevertheless, this doesn't mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication. English is not their main language.So, what does this all mean? I think it's safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because, as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And, for now, English is that language.But, English won't replace other languages for most daily communication and this, to me, is what a global language really is, one that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their first language will decline. I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture, including their first language. They may still want to learn English, but I don't see them giving up their own language for English. What do you think?I'm going to stop there. I know that's a lot of information to digest. We'll continue talking about some of the differences in the English words used in various countries like Australia, Singapore, and the Philippines. That's all for today. Come see me if you have any questions.Unit 3 High Anxiety: PhobiasTEACHER: Good afternoon. Today we're going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. There are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lives-some are not so serious, like a fear of cats or of insects, and others are more serious. Now as psychologists, we try to study these different problems and find ways to help people.I want to start the discussion by talking about a fairly common kind of psychological problem-a phobia, that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what a phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias. As you probably know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh, come on, you can tell me; I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica?STUDENT 1: I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean. TEACHER: OK, that's not an unusual phobia. Anyone else? Ali? STUDENT 2: I hate dogs. I mean, I just don't like them. When I see a big dog, actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.TEACHER: OK, that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear; it is an extreme fear―a very strong fear. For example, my brother, who's a successful artist, had compute r phobia. He didn't simply dislike using computers. He used to have a very strong fear of using them.Psychologists have come up with three characteristics of a phobia. People display these three characteristics if they have a phobia, not just a normal fear. Now first, a phobia is not a rational response. It's a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. For my brother, this meant he had a very strong physical reaction if someone asked him to use a computer. He started shaking violently and had trouble breathing. Once, he even started choking. Physical reactions like this are common. Second, a phobia often lasts for a long time, for months or even years. In my brother’s case, it lasted several years. Third, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. For example, even if my brother told himself not to be afraid at the computer, it didn't help. He still felt very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are so afraid of. So, in my brother’s case, he avoided using a computer.OK, so those are the three characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme, irrationalresponse, it's long-lasting, and it’s uncontrollable.STUDENT 3: So uncontrollable means even if you try to control it, you can't? TEACHER: Yes, it means you can't control it by trying to deny you feel the phobia. There are ways to treat phobias, and we'll talk about those in a minute. Yes?STUDENT 4: What happened to your brother? Did he get over it? TEACHER: Yes, he did. The main thing was that he decided that he wanted to get over it, and he was treated by a psychologist. Now he uses computers all the time.OK, so let's spend a minute going over some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears. Greek or Latin names are usually used to describe the fear. Here's an example: hypno, H-Y-P-N-O, means sleep, so fear of sleep is hypnophobia. Cyno, C-Y-N-O, means dog. So a fear of dogs is ... cynophobia, right? Here's another example. Aerophobia. Listen to the first part, Aero. What's the fear? Aero as in airplane- aerophobia is fear of flying.Let's turn now to the causes of phobias. One theory is that a phobia is learned. This means something happens that causes someone, or in a sense "teaches someone" to free afraid. For example, Ali could have learned to be afraid of dogs if he was attacked and injured by one as a child.People can also learn to have phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, doctors find that phobias tend to run in families. For example, let's imagine that Ali’s mother has always been afraid of dogs. Whenever All and his mother were together and saw a dog, his mother would get very scared, very nervous. When Ali saw how his mother reacted, he would then gradually become very scared, too. He would then have developed cynophobia from watching his mother. So, you can see that there are two ways learning can be involved in phobias. So, the first theory is that a phobia is learned. Learned either by direct experience or by watching the reactions of others.The second theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn't the whole problem. Let's take another example. I once treated a teenager who was very afraid of the dark. He couldn't be in a dark room by himself. He was terrified to go outside at night, and so on. According to this theory, when he acted afraid of the dark, he was really showing his fear of something else. In therapy, it was revealed that he was afraid of his father. His father was very strict when he was young, and once his father made him sit in a dark the room when he did something bad.According to this theory, his fear of the dark was a sign of his deeper, real fear of his father. Yes, question.STUDENT 4: So what did you do? Did he have to talk with his father? TEACHER: Well, no, we couldn't do that. But recognizing that he was really afraid of his father, and not the dark was the key step in the treatment. Nowhe's cured. No more fear of the dark.OK, so let's think about these two theories, and about the main difference between them. The first theory says that the phobia is the problem itself. Right? And, the second theory says that the phobia is a sign of a deeper problem the person has. Why is this difference important? It's mostly important in deciding how to treat the person. According to the first theory, if a phobia is learned, perhaps it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follows this theory will tryto teach someone to react differently, to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. Changing the person’s behavior is the goal. On the other hand, a psychologist who believes the second theory may start by trying to teach the person to react differently, but the doctor is interested in more than that. The doctor’s objective, or goal, is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem, because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problem is identified and worked on as well.I want you to think for a minute about the significance of having these two theories, or any competing theories. What does it mean? It tells us that psychologists, like any scientists, have to continue to do research, to learn, and to test treatments we believe will be effective based on research. Treatments improve the more we learn.I’m going to stop there for today. In the next class, I want to talk about other psychological problems. Read the next unit in your book before the next class. That’s all for today.Unit 4 TV: What We WatchTEACHER: Good morning. Who watched TV last night? Ah, most of you. OK, today we are going to talk about an important part of the media—TV. Specifically, TV viewing and TV dramas. Now first, I'll give you some background, then we'll discuss what makes this type of programming, dramas, so popular worldwide.OK. Let's get started. Most of you would agree that watching TV is part of most people lives. Now statistics vary on how much TV people watch, but research shows that quite a few Americans, on average, exceed six hours of TV per day.An English professor named Cecelia Tichi has studied TV for many years. In her book, Electronic Hearth: Creating ' an American Television Culture, she discusses how the TV has become the center of activity at home. We walk into a room, turn on the TV, and suddenly the outside world becomes less important. People use TV to tune out, or forget, about the outside world. We're safe to relax and join the world of the TV shows. Do you ever feel this way about TV? ... Yes, many of you are nodding. She also sees our culture as being defined by TV Now, by this she e means that TV has a huge influence on our attitudes, on what we like to eat, on what we like to wear, on what we like to talk about. For example, popular TV shows are discussed at work, at school, in coffee shops. Why, even children four or five years old do this with their favorite shows. This shows that we live in a TV culture.Improved technology has contributed further to our TV culture. Satellite services, in particular, have expanded the TV programming in many parts of the world. There are now hundreds of TV channels people can watch, and the options continue to expand: game shows, sports, news, talk shows, comedies, TV dramas, movies, ... Man, with cable and satellite there are a lot of choices. Nielsen Media Research studies people’s TV viewing habits in the U.S. They monitor which shows are popular brand with whom. For example, popular shows have included the game show Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? And the reality TV show Survivor. They were very, very popular and watched by millions of people of all age groups.Now, all of this is really background. What I want to focus on today is one form of a popular TV show that is popular with many people of many agegroups. This is rat TV dramas, specifically TV dramas known as soap operas, or, in Spanish, telenovelas.Some of you might be familiar with telenovelas. Telenovelas and soap operas in the U.S. are similar but have one big difference—the number of episodes they have. Telenovelas and TV serials end after about 200 episodes. The story eventually ends. Soap operas in the U.S., however, continue day after day for many years and may never end. Well, for example. The Guiding Light has been on^ for more than 12,000 episodes, and on it goes. Can you believe that? More than 12,000 episodes! Soap operas started in the United States in 1959, with the show The Guiding Light. These TV shows were called soap operas because the main advertisers were companies that made soap.Now, this type of programming is popular all over the world. Dozens of countries make their own soap opera shows. Mexican soap operas have been voted the most popular TV show of the year in countries such as Korea and Russia. Japanese soap operas are sent to Belgium. U.S. soap operas are watched worldwide. The Latin American soap opera, Betty La Fea, or Betty The Ugly, was a huge success in the U.S. Brazilian telenovelas are the most widely distributed television shows in the world and have been seen in more than 100 countries. And there are many other examples.What is it about these shows that makes them popular everywhere? And why do people from very different cultures all enjoy watching the same soap opera? Well, there are a couple of reasons.One reason suggested by Robert C. Allen, who has done extensive researchon television viewing, is that many soap operas deal with universal themes that people all over the world understand. Themes are topics ---for example, family, love, personal struggle, money problems, marriage problems, health problems, job problems. Viewers do not need to know the culture in order to understand the family problems in the show.Now according to Irna Phillips, one of the creators of The Guiding Light, another reason is that people identify with the characters. They feel the characters are just like them. To quote her from an interview, "they (the soap operas) deal with life as we know it." Now by this she means the families in soap operas deal with problems of everyday life. And so, as people watch every day, day after day, a special bond or feeling develops between them and the TV family. They get to know the characters and their problems. The TV family's welfare becomes important. There is a sense of community, of sharing, of family. All of these things contribute to character loyalty. If any ofyou have watched a show regularly, you know what I mean. You watch it because you identify with the characters.Now, writers of TV shows understand that TV viewers want to have a groupof characters to know and care about. As Wendy Riche, former executive producer of General Hospital put it, "the audience wants a personal human connection and when they g et it, they are devoted.” This means they become very loyal to the TV characters they watch every day. To give an interesting example from As the World Turns: Some years back, the writer wanted to have the main character, Bob Hughes, get shot on a Friday. Well, that Friday turned out to be Christmas Eve. The producers of the show told the writers. “No, no, no… he can’t be shot on this Friday’s show. Do you know why? STUDENT 1: Because it was too violent.TEACHER: Well, no, not because it was too violent, bu t they didn’t wanthim shot on the Friday before Christmas.STUDENT 1: Why? I mean, why not?TEACHER: Because the audience would worry all weekend about him. They wouldn’t know if he was alive or dead, and they would not enjoy Christmas. So the writers had to change the story, and have him shot after Christmas. I mean, the viewers really identify with these characters as if they’re real people. Writers for evening TV also try to create character loyalty, but not with a continuing story. Instead, each week, the story begins and ends. However, each week the same characters appear, and viewers watch because they know the characters and they care about them, like friends. A great example of this was the show Seinfield. There were four main characters Jerry, George, Kramer, and Elaine. They each had their own problems their own personalities. Viewers got to know them, and wanted to see what would happen to them. When you think about it, don’t good writers usually do this? They developour interest in the characters so that we want to keep reading, or keep watching TV.The next time you watch a soap opera, thin about the themes that make these shows so popular worldwide. Think about how as people watch each day, they get to know the characters and become a part of that TVB community. OK, that’s all for today. Uh, it’s time for you to go home and watch some TV!。
朗文英语听说教程一
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朗文英语听说教程一听说考试Unit 1 happinessP:let us get start,Lots people in society think the more money they have, the more happiness they will obtain Assume that you are a lottery winner, 5 million dollars, do you feel happy?S:Maybe a little, but this is not the major reasonP:So, what makes some people happier than other?S:Psychologists find that there are more important personality factors make people happy.what`s your opinion?P:in my view,happy people are satisfied with themselves, Maybe they are a little bit fat, overweight or may not have the best job ,not live in a fancy house ,but they do not want to change these things, the feeling of happiness comes from the inside, not the outside. What do you think?S:I deem happy people are optimistic and unhappy people always are of negative attitude. They think that things will get worse.By the way, happy people have good relationship with other people.P: They spend time on building the relationship with family and friends. Pour out your heart, your fears, your woes -share these with Him,you can obtain purification of your mind. S: So,the money cannot bring us happiness. Generally,Regardless Of the money,self-content,optimistic and Excellent interpersonal communication Skills are the best way to make us happy.P: there are some proverbs there: You are never be happy if you make others unhappy , originate from China. where there is love , there is happiness , originate from Poland. which one do you prefer?S:First one impressed me a lot.P: Why?S: because if you keep in touch with the people around you, you will benefit pretty much from them.P:you mean Do it for us, do it for one another, do it for you, and do it for each other then you feel happy.听说考试Unit 2 New kind of foodP: china is doing research on genetically modified foods and is considering it.S:I heard that US is for using G.M. foods, but Europe is against it . P:I see, oh right,S:So what do you think?P:I think it`s a great ideal have GM foods.S:oh,Do you think human can benefit from GM foods?P:1 may fewer pesticide than normal food example corn will kill the insects that eat the plant2 grow better than normal plants example strawberry grow in cold weather3.stay fresh longer after they are harvest example tomato stays fresh for two months S:I don`t think so,I am worried more that there haven't been enough tests on genetically modified foods, that there might be side effects that could lead to cancer, or could ruin the naturally life cycle of the plants.1dominate other wild plants in the environment causing other plants to die 2hurt the insects and animal in the environment corn kill the butterflies3harmful to the people who consume the food put the genes from animals into plant such as that scientists took a gene from a kind of fish – a gene help the fish live in cold waterP:Uh,definitely,I think there is lots of resons to be concerened.S:then scientists are going to have to continue with the research. P:the fact is the population is growing and these people are going to have to eat food,so if GM foods can help people to eat and survive and for the human population to survive.As we know, in biology, cloning is the process of producing similar population of genetically identicalindividuals that occurs unnaturally.S:when organism such as bacteria insects or plants reproduce asexually, cloning in biotechnology refers to processes to create copies of DNA fragments, cell or organisms. 1pros reproductive cloning 、organ replacement 、genetic research 2cons lack of diversity 、faster aging 、securityP:In short, there are both advantages and disadvantages about GM food听说考试Unit 5 violence on TVP:TV is one of the prevalent media influences in kid’s lives According to some reports , youth ages 6-19 average about 6 hours of screen time per day.On the one hand children can get some useful information easily from TV not only the voice but also the colorful pictures, which can greatly arouse interesting of the children.S:On the contary ,I think TV have negative influences on children.1 increase fear violence on TV2 ignore to real-life violence they imitate what they see on tv everyday ugly language and attitude aggressive behaviors3 activities are crucial for adolescent to healthy mental and physical TV is harmful to their eyes stomach intestinesP:you know,Almost 98% American families have a TV。
朗文国际英语教程1 unit
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p. 29
Q&A
14
p.30
Expansion Activities
Beanbag Toss Associations Verbs: fix, clean, wash, do Nouns: car, sink, desk, chair, TV, apartment, room,
kitchen, bathroom, yard, clothes, car, hair, exercises, homework Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its,
5
6
大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下,但要小声点
Expansion Activities
• cards 53-55 • Personal belongs • Student-Led Dictation
8
WorkBook p.21
Short Answers
It is common to respond to Yes/No questions with a short answer. A short answer includes the subject and the auxiliary verb (oen called the helping verb).
Are you busy? Yes, I am. I'm washing my hair.
11
busy ['bɪzi] a. 忙的 hair [heə(r)] n. (u.) 头发
Q&A
Q&A about the pictures on page 29 • clothes [kloʊðz] n. 衣服 • exercise ['eksərsaɪz] n. 运动;练习;作业 • bicycle ['baɪsɪkl] n. 自行车 • tooth [tuːθ] n. 牙齿 • teeth [tiːθ] n. (pl.) 牙齿 • window ['wɪndoʊ] n. 窗户 • e-mail [iː meɪl] n. 电子邮件
完整word版朗文英语听说教程一
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Unit 1 happinessP:let us get start,Lots people in society think the more money they have, the more happiness they will obtain Assume that you are a lottery winner, 5 million dollars, do you feel happy?S:Maybe a little, but this is not the major reasonP:So, what makes some people happier than other?S:Psychologists find that there are more important personality factors make people happy.what`s your opinion?P:in my view,happy people are satisfied with themselves,Maybe they are a little bit fat,overweight or may not have the best job ,not live in a fancy house ,but they do not want to change these things, the feeling of happiness comes from the inside, not the outside. Whatdo you think?S:I deem happy people are optimistic and unhappy people always are of negative attitude.They think that things will get worse.By the way,happy people have good relationshipwith other people.P:They spend time on building the relationship with family and friends.Pour out your heart,your fears, your woes - share these with Him,you can obtain purification of your mind. S:So,the money can not bring us happiness. Generally,Regardless Of themoney,self-content,optimistic and Excellent interpersonal communication Skills arethe best way to make us happy.P:there are some proverbs there: You are never be happy if you make others unhappy , originate from China.here there is love , there is happiness , originate from Poland. wwhich one do you prefer?S:First one impressed me a lot.P: Why?S:because if you keep in touch with the people around you, you will benefit pretty muchfrom them.P:you mean Do it for us, do it for one another, do it for you, and do it for each other then youfeel happy.Unit 2 New kind of foodP: china is doing research on genetically modified foods and is considering it.S:I heard that US is for using G.M. foods, but Europe is against it .P:I see, oh right,S:So what do you think?P:I think it`s a great ideal have GM foods.S:oh,Do you think human can benefit from GM foods?P:1 may fewer pesticide than normal food example corn will kill the insects that eat the plant2 grow better than normal plants example strawberry grow in cold weather3.stay fresh longer after they are harvest example tomato stays fresh for two monthsS:I don`t think so,I am worried more that there haven't been enough tests on genetically modified foods, that there might be side effects that could lead to cancer, or could ruin the naturally life cycle of the plant s.1dominate other wild plants in the environment causing other plants to die2hurt the insects and animal in the environment corn kill the butterflies3harmful to the people who consume the food put the genes from animals into plant such as that scientists took a gene from a kind of fish –a gene help the fish live in cold waterP:Uh,definitely,I think there is lots of resons to be concerened.S:then scientists are going to have to continue with the research.P:the fact is the population is growing and these people are going to have to eat food,so ifGM foods can help people to eat and survive and for the human population to survive.As we know, in biology, cloning is the process of producing similar population of genetically identical individuals that occurs unnaturally.S:when organism such as bacteria insects or plants reproduce asexually, cloning inbiotechnology refers to processes to create copies of DNA fragments, cell or organisms.1pros reproductive cloning 、organ replacement 、genetic research 2cons lack of diversity 、faster aging 、securityIn short, there are both advantages and disadvantages about GM food:P.Unit 5 violence on TVP:TV is one of the prevalent media influences in kid's lives According to some reports ,youth ages 6-19 average about 6 hours of screen time per day.On the one hand children can get some useful information easily from TV not only the voice but also the colorful pictures, which can greatly arouse interesting of the children.S:On the contary ,I think TV have negative influences on children.1 increase fear violence on TV2 ignore to real- life violence they imitate what they see on tv everyday ugly language and attitude aggressive behaviors3 activities are crucial for adolescent to healthy mental and physical TV is harmful to their eyes stomach intestinesP:you know,Almost 98% American families have a TV。
朗文国际英语教程(SBS)第一册单词含音标
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Word NotesUnit 1actor [ˈæktə] n.男演员actress [ˈæktris] n.女演员address [ə'dres] n. 地址American [əˈmerɪkən] n.美国的,美国人apartment [əˈpɑ:tmənt] n. 一套公寓athlete [ˈæθli:t] n.运动员city [ˈsiti] n.城市country [ˈkʌntri] n.国家email ['i:meil] n.电子邮件famous [ˈfeiməs] adj.著名的fax [fæks] n.传真first [fə:st] adj.第一的internet ['intənet] n.英特网last [lɑ:st] adj.最后的,末尾的leader [ˈli:də] n.领导、领袖license [ˈlaisəns] n.执照,许可证main [ mein ] adj.主要的minister ['ministə] n.部长,大臣Mr [ˈmɪstə] n.先生(Mr.)Mrs [ˈmɪsɪz] n.夫人(Mrs.)Ms [mɪz] n.女士(Ms.)nationality [ˌnæʃəˈnæliti] n.国籍,民族net [net] n.网number [ˈnʌmbə,ˈnʌmbə(r)] n.号码、数字president [ˈprezidənt] n.(国家)总统,(公司)总裁,prime [praim] adj.首要的,最好的Prime minister 总理, 首相river [ˈrivə] n.总经理江、河security [sɪˈkjʊrɪti] n.安全, 保证金social [ˈsəuʃəl] adj.社会的social security 社会保险spell [spel] v.拼写、拼读street [ stri:t ] n.街道telephone [ˈtelifəun] n.电话world [wə:ld] n.世界Unit 2absent ['æbsənt, əb'sent] a.缺席的attic [ˈætik] n. 阁楼bank [bæŋk] n. 银行basement [ˈbeismənt] n.地下室bathroom [ˈbɑ:θrum] n.浴室bedroom [ˈbedˌru:m] n.卧室blackboard [ˈblækbɔ:d] n.黑板board [bɔ:d] n.木板、牌子、黑板book [buk] n.书bookshelf [ˈbukʃelf] n.书架bulletin [ˈbulitin] n.公告板chair [tʃɛə] n.椅子chalk [tʃɔ:k] n.粉笔class [klɑ:s] n.班级clock [klɔk] n钟表computer [kəmˈpju:tə] n.计算机dentist [ˈdentist] n.牙科医生、牙科诊所desk [desk] n.书桌dictionary [ˈdikʃənəri] n.字典different [ˈdifərənt] adj.不同的dining room [ˈdaɪnɪŋ] [ru:m] n.饭厅even [ˈi:vən] adv.甚至everybody [ˈevribɔdi] pron.每人、人人except [ikˈsept] prep.除……之外friend [frend] n.朋友garage [ˈɡærɑ:ʒ] n.车库globe [ɡləub] n.地球仪hospital [ˈhɔspitəl] n.医院interesting [ˈintristiŋ] adj.令人感兴趣的, 有趣的,有吸引力的kitchen [ˈkitʃin] n.厨房library ['laibrəri] n.图书馆living room [ˈliviŋ] [ru:m] n.起居室map [mæp] n.地图me [mi:, mi] pron.我(宾格)notebook [ˈnəutbuk] n.笔记本park [pɑ:k,pɑ:rk] n.公园pen [pen] n.钢笔pencil [ˈpensəl] n.铅笔post office [pəust] [ˈɔfis] n.邮局restaurant [ˈrestərənt] n.饭店ruler [ˈru:lə] n.尺shame [ʃeim] n.遗憾的事supermarket [ˈsju:pəˌmɑ:kit] n.超市table [ˈteibl] n.桌子wall [wɔ:l] n.墙yard [jɑ:d] n花园zoo [zu:] n.动物园Unit 3baseball [ˈbeisbɔ:l] n.棒球beach [bi:tʃ] n.海滩beautiful [ˈbju:təful] adj.美丽的、漂亮的bird [bə:d] [bɜːd] n.鸟breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n.早餐cafeteria [ˌkæfiˈtiəriə] n.自助餐厅card [kɑ:d] n.卡片cook [kuk] v.煮、烹调dinner [ˈdinə] n.晚餐drink [driŋk] v.喝eat [i:t] v.吃flower [ˈflauə,ˈflaʊə(r)] n.花guitar [ɡiˈtɑ:] n.吉他happy [ˈhæpi] adj.快乐的,幸福的lemonade [ˌleməˈneid] n.柠檬水listen [ˈlisn] v.听lunch [lʌntʃ] n.午餐mathematics [ˌmæθiˈmætiks][ˌmæθəˈmætɪks] n.数学milk [milk] n.牛奶music [ˈmju:zik] n.音乐newspaper [ˈnju:sˌpeipə] n.报纸piano [piˈænəu] n.钢琴plant [plɑ:nt] n.植物(动词v. 种植)play [plei] v.玩、进行比赛、演奏radio [ˈreidiəu] n.收音机read [ri:d] v.读、阅读shine [ʃain] v.使……发光sing [siŋ] v.唱歌、唱sleep [sli:p] v.睡觉study [ˈstʌdi] v.学习、研究swim [swim] v.游泳teach [ti:tʃ] v.教、教书watch [wɔtʃ] v.看、注视/n.手表Unit 4bicycle [ˈbaisikl] n.自行车brush [brʌʃ] v.刷、画busy [ˈbizi] adj.忙的,繁忙的child [tʃaild] n.小孩children [ˈtʃɪldrən] n.孩子们(小孩的复数)clean [kli:n] v.清洁、打扫clothes [kləuðz] n.衣服club [klʌb] n.俱乐部exercise [ˈeksəsaiz] n.练习、作业、运动feed [fi:d] v.喂、饲养fix [fiks] v.修理、使……固定health [helθ] n.健康、卫生、保健her [hə:] pron.她的his [hiz] pron.他的homework [ˈhəumwə:k] n.家庭作业its [its] pron.它的my [mai] pron.我的of course 当然our [ˈauə] pron.我们的paint [peint] v绘画油漆sink [siŋk] n.污水槽teeth [ti:θ] n.牙齿(复数)their [ðɛə] pron.他们的tooth [tu:θ] n.牙齿wash [wɔʃ] v.洗、洗涤、清洁window [ˈwindəu] n.窗户your [jɔ:] pron.你的、你们的Unit 5big [biɡ] adj.大的boss [bɔs] n.老板British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] adj./.英国的、n.英国人brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄弟burger [ˈbə:ɡə] n.汉堡包call [kɔ:l] v./n.呼叫、访问、打电话captain [ˈkæptin] n.船长car [kɑ:] n.小汽车chapter [ˈtʃæptə] n.章、回、篇cheap [tʃi:p] adj.便宜的clinic ['klinik] n.诊所cloudy [ˈklaudi] adj.多云的cold [kəuld] adj.冷的Columbia [kə'lʌmbiə] n.哥伦比亚cool [ku:l] adj.凉的dear [diə] adj.亲爱的difficult [ˈdifikəlt] adj.困难的easy [ˈi:zi] adj.容易的、不费力气的expensive [iksˈpensiv] adj.昂贵的fact [fækt] n.事实、实际fat [fæt] adj.肥胖的few [fju:] adj./pron.很少的,不多的,少数的;food [fu:d] n.食物handsome [ˈhænsəm] adj.英俊的hear [hiə] v.听到、听说heavy [ˈhevi] adj.重的hot [hɔt] adj.热的,热情的,辣的hotel [həuˈtel] n.旅馆、宾馆、酒店、饭店house [haus] n.房屋large [lɑ:dʒ] adj.大的little [ˈlitl] adj.小的loud [laud] adj.大声的married [ˈmærid] adj.已婚的Miami [maiˈæmi] n.迈阿密noisy [ˈnɔizi] adj.吵闹的、喧闹的、嘈杂old [əuld] adj.旧的other [ˈʌðə] adj./.其他的、别的;plaza [ˈplɑ:zə, ˈplæzə] n.广场、购物中心poor [puə] adj.可怜的、贫穷的pretty [ˈpriti] adj.漂亮的problem [ˈprɔbləm] n.问题question [ˈkwestʃən] n.问题、疑问quiet [ˈkwaiət] adj.安静的、宁静的rain [rein] n./.雨;v.下雨rainy [ˈreini] adj.下雨的rich [ritʃ] adj.富有的right [rait] adj./.正确的;adv.恰恰,刚好royal [ˈrɔiəl] adj.王室的、皇家的short [ʃɔ:t] adj.矮的、短的single [ˈsiŋɡl] adl.单身的sister [ˈsistə] n.姐妹sit [sit] v坐sludge [slʌdʒ] n.泥、泥泞small [smɔ:l] adj.小的snow [snəu] n./.雪;v.下雪snowy [ˈsnəʊi:,ˈsnəʊi] adj.下雪的、多雪的sorry [ˈsɔri] adj.对不起、抱歉、遗憾的stomach [ˈstʌmək] n.难过的胃sunny [ˈsʌni] adj.晴朗的、阳光充足的Tahiti [tɑ:'hi:ti] n.塔希提岛(南太平洋)tall [tɔ:l] adj.高的terrible [ˈterəbl] adj.糟糕的、可怕的thin [θin] adj.瘦的together [təˈɡeðə] adv.一起town [taun] n.城镇truth [tru:θ] n.事实,确实ugly [ˈʌɡli] adj.丑陋的、难看的vacation [vəˈkeiʃən] n.假期、休假warm [wɔ:m] adj.暖和的weather [ˈweðə] n.天气、气候write [rait] v.写young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的Unit 6act [ækt] v.行动、扮演angry [ˈæŋɡri] a. 生气的argument [ˈɑ:ɡju:mənt] n.争论、辩论aunt [ɑ:nt] n. 伯母、姑、婶、姨bake [beik] v.烘培、烤band [bænd] n. 乐队bark [bɑ:k] v.吠、叫birthday [ˈbə:θdei] n.生日brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄弟building ['bildiŋ] n.建筑物cake [keik] n.蛋糕corner [ˈkɔ:nə] n.角落、转角cousin ['kʌzn] n.堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)cry [krai] v.哭、叫、喊daughter [ˈdɔ:tə] n.女儿drum [drʌm] n.鼓、鼓声each [i:tʃ] adj./adv./.每一,各个的adv.每、各自each other 彼此Eiffel Tower [ˈaɪfəl] [ˈtauə] n.(巴黎)埃菲尔铁塔father [ˈfɑ:ðə] n.父亲favorite [ˈfeivərit] adj./.最喜爱的;n.最喜爱的人或物fireplace [ˈfaiəpleis] n.壁炉game [ɡeim] n.游戏gown [ɡaun] n.长袍、长外衣grandfather [ˈɡrændˌfɑ:ðə] n.(外)祖父grandmother [ˈɡrændˌmʌðə] n.(外)祖母grandparent [ˈɡrændˌpɛərənt] n.(外)祖父母husband [ˈhʌzbənd] n.丈夫know [nəu] v.知道、了解、认识late [leit] adj./advadj.迟的、晚的laugh [lɑ:f] v.笑man [mæn] n.男人、人类、人member [ˈmem ə] n.成员会员mother [ˈmʌðə] n.母亲nephew [ˈnefju:] 美[ˈnɛfju] n.侄子、外甥niece [ni:s] n.侄女、外甥女night [nait] n.夜晚noise [nɔiz] n.响声、喧哗声、噪声parent [ˈpɛərənt] n.父母Paris ['pæris] n.巴黎people ['pi:pl] n.民族、人、人们、人民photo [ˈfəutəu] n.相片、照片photograph ['fəutəɡrɑ:f] n.相片、照片play [plei] n./v.游戏、游玩、剧本、比赛 v. 玩popular [ˈpɔpjulə] adj.大众的、流行的ride [raid] v.骑、乘坐rug [rʌɡ] n毯子、地毯sentimental [ˌsentəˈmentl] adj.感情脆弱的sister [ˈsistə] n.姐妹skateboard [ˈskeɪtˌbɔ:d] n.滑板sofa [ˈsəufə] n.沙发son [sʌn] n.儿子special [ˈspeʃəl] adj.特别的、专门的stand [stænd] v.站立teenager [ˈti:neidʒə] 到19岁的年轻人tired [ˈtaiəd] adj.疲劳的、累的uncle [ˈʌŋkl] n.伯、伯父、舅、叔、姨vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] n./v.夫n.真空吸尘器v.用吸尘器打扫wear [wɛə] v.穿着wedding [ˈwediŋ] n.婚礼white [hwait] n.白色wife [waif] n.妻子woman [ˈwumən] n.妇女、女人women [ˈwimin] n.(复数)女人wonderful [ˈwʌndəful] adj.极好的、精彩的Unit 7across [əˈkrɔs] prep.穿过、横过air [ɛə] n.空气air conditioner [ɛə] [kənˈdiʃənə] n.空调airport [ˈɛəpɔ:t] n.机场almost ['ɔ:lməust] adv.几乎、差不多around [əˈraund] prep.在…周围avenue [ˈævinju:] n.林荫道、大道bakery [ˈbeɪkəri:] n.面包店barber [ˈbɑ:bə] n. 理发师because [biˈkɔz] 连接词conj.因为between [biˈtwi:n] prep.在…之间broken [ˈbrəukən] adj.坏掉的、打破的、断掉bus [bʌs] n.的公共汽车center [ˈsentə] n.中心、中央central [ˈsentrəl] adj.教堂church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂closet [ˈklɔzit] n.壁橱、小室clothing [ˈkləuðiŋ] n.(总称)衣服cockroach [ˈkɔkˌrəʊtʃ] n.蟑螂conditioner [kənˈdiʃənə] n.调节器convenient [kənˈvi:njənt] adj.方便的department [di pɑ:tmənt] n.部门、部、系department store [diˈpɑ:tmənt] [stɔ:] n.百货商店dish [diʃ] n.盘子drug [drʌɡ] n.药elevator [ˈeliveitə] n.电梯escape [isˈkeip] n.避难设备excuse [iksˈkju:z] v.原谅fire [ˈfaiə] n.火、火灾fire escape 救火梯、安全出口floor [flɔ:] n.地板、楼层fridge [fridʒ] n.冰箱gas [ɡæs] n.气体、煤气、汽油hair [hɛə] n.头发half [hɑ:f] adj./.一半、半adj.一半的、不完全的hole [həul] n.孔、洞、穴however [hauˈevə] adv.然而、可是、不过hundred [ˈhʌndrəd] n.百jacuzzi [dʒəˈkuzi] n.极可意水流按摩浴缸(商标名称)machine [məˈʃi:n] n.机器、机械装置mailbox [ˈmeilbɔks] n.邮箱、邮筒mall [mɔ:l] n.购物中心、商场many [ˈmeni] n./.许多人、许多adj.许多的mice [nais] n.老鼠(复数)mouse [maus] n.夺取next [nekst] prep.靠近open [ˈəupən] v./adj.打开、开着的、开放的outside [ˌautˈsaid] prep.在…外owner ['əunə] n.所有人、物主police [pəˈli:s] n./.警察、警方adj.警方的refrigerator [riˈfridʒəreitə] n.冰箱roof [ru:f] n.屋顶salon [ˈsælɔ:ŋ] n.沙龙、大会客室satellite [ˈsætəlait] n.卫星satellite dish [ˈsætəlait] [diʃ] n.圆盘式卫星电视天线shop [ʃɔp] n.商店sidewalk [ˈsaɪdˌwɔ:k] n.人行道some [sʌm] pron.一些、少学、某一state [steit] n.州、国、情形station [ˈsteiʃən] n.车站store [stɔ:] n.商店、仓库stove [stəuv] n.炉子superintendent [ˌsju:pərinˈtendənt] n.管理人train [trein] n.火车upset [ʌpˈset] adj.烦乱的,不高兴video [ˈvidiəu] n.录像机Unit 8afternoon [ˌɑ:ftəˈnu:n] n.下午anything [ˈeniθiŋ] pron. 任何事belt [belt] n.带、腰带black [blæk] adj.黑色的、黑人、黑色blouse [blauz] n.女衬衫blue [blu:] adj.蓝色的、忧郁的蓝色boot [bu:t] n.靴子bracelet [ˈbreislit] n.手镯briefcase [ˈbri:fkeis] n.公文包brown [braun] adj.褐色的、棕色的、褐色can [kæn, kən] model.能clean [kli:n] adj.干净的cleaner [ˈkli:nə] n.清洁工clothesline [ˈkləʊzˌlaɪn] n.晾衣绳coat [kəut] n.外套cotton [ˈkɔtən] n.棉花的、棉花dirty [ də:ti] adj.肮脏的dress [dres] n.女装、服装dry [drai] adj.干的earring [ˈiəˌriŋ] n.耳环、耳饰empty [ˈempti] adj.空的evening [ˈi:vniŋ] n.傍晚、晚上frustrated [frʌˈstreɪtɪd] adj.失败的、落空的gift [ɡift] n.礼物glove [ɡlʌv] n.手套gold [ɡəuld] adj.金的、金子gray [ɡrei] adj.灰色的、灰色green [ɡri:n] adj.绿色的、绿色guess [ɡes] v.猜测、推测handbag [ˈhændbæɡ] n.手提包hat [hæt] n.帽子help [help] v.帮助holiday ['hɔlədi] n.假期、假日inexpensive [ˌɪnɪkˈspensɪv] adj.不贵的jacket [ˈdʒækit] n.短上衣、夹克衫leather [ˈleðə,ˈleðə(r)] n.皮革制的、皮革made [meɪd] 的过去式make [meik] v.做、制作、使may [mei] model.可以mistake [misˈteik] n.错误mitten [ˈmɪtn] n.连指手套morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n.早晨、上午necklace [ˈneklis] n.项链nothing ['nʌθiŋ] pron.什么也没有orange [ˈɔrindʒ] adj.橙色的、橘子pair [pɛə] n.双、对、副pant [pænt] n.裤子pink [piŋk] adj粉红色的、粉色的pocketbook [ˈpɔkɪtˌbʊk] n.皮夹子、袖珍本polka dot [ˈpɔlkə] [dɔt] n.圆点花样的布料purple [ˈpə:pl] adj.紫色的、紫色purse [pə:s] n.钱包raincoat [ˈreinkəut] n.雨衣red [red] adj.红色的right [rait] adj.对的、正确的ring [riŋ] n.环、戒指、铃声shirt [ʃə:t] n.衬衫shoe [ʃu:] n.鞋silver [ˈsilvə] adj.银色的、银skirt [skə:t] n.裙子sock [sɔk] n.短袜something [ˈsʌmθiŋ] pron.某事、某物stocking [ˈstɔkiŋ] n.长袜striped [straɪpt, ˈstraɪpɪd] adj.有斑纹的suit [sju:t] n.套装sure [ʃuə] adj.确信、必然的sweater [ˈswetə] n.毛衣these [ði:z] pron.这些think [θiŋk] v.想、考虑、想像tie [tai] n.领带、领结、鞋带trouble ['trʌbl] n.麻烦、困难trouser [ˈtrauzə] n.裤子umbrella [ʌmˈbrelə] n.伞vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl] n.乙烯基watch [wɔtʃ] n.手表white [hwait] adj.白色、白色的、白种人wool [wul] n.毛线、毛织品、羊毛work [wə:k] adj.工作yellow [ˈjeləu] adj.黄色、黄色的Unit 9afraid [əˈfreid] adj. 害怕的, 担心的always [ˈɔ:lweiz] ad. 总是back [bæk] adv.向后地call [kɔ:l] v.打电话culture [ˈkʌltʃə] n.文化drive [draiv] v.开车、驱使forget [fəˈɡet] v.忘记、忽略grocery [ˈgrəʊsəri:] n.杂货店language [ˈlæŋɡwidʒ] n.语言live [liv] v.活、居住、过着office [ˈɔfis] n.办公室program [ˈprəuɡræm] n.节目、程序、计划shop [ʃɔp] .商店 v.购物show [ʃəu] n.显示、表现、表演speak [spi:k] v.说话、演说suburb [ˈsʌbə:b] n.郊区suburban [səˈbɜ:bən] adj.市郊的、城郊的taxi [ˈtæksi] n.计程车、出租汽车usually ['ju:ʒuəli] adv.通常violin [ˌvaiəˈlin] n.小提琴visit [ˈvizit] n./.拜访、访问V.访问、参观weekend [ˌwi:kˈend] n.周末when [hwen] 在…时adv.什么时候Unit 10active ['æktiv] adj.积极的、主动的activity [ækˈtiviti] n.活动adventure [ədˈventʃə] n.冒险、奇遇alone [əˈləun] adv.单独的、单独地as [æz, əz] conj. prep.正如…作为athletic [æθˈletɪk] adj. 运动的、身体健壮的author [ˈɔ:θə] n.作者biography [baiˈɔɡrəfi] n.传记cartoon [kɑ:ˈtu:n] n.动画片choir [ˈkwaiə] n.唱诗班、歌唱队classical [ˈklæsikəl] adj.古典的comedy [ˈkɔmidi] n.喜剧concert [ˈkɔnsət] n.音乐会drama [ˈdrɑ:mə] n.剧本、戏剧during [ˈdjuəriŋ] prep.在…期间fiction [ˈfikʃən] n.小说Friday ['fraɪdɪ] n.星期五garden ['ɡɑ:dn] n.花园、菜园golf [ɡɔlf] n.高尔夫球hockey [ˈhɔki] n.曲棍球important [imˈpɔ:tənt] adj.重要的instrument [ˈinstrumənt] n.乐器、工具、器械international [ˌɪntəˈnæʃənəl] adj.国际的jazz [dʒæz] n.爵士乐jog [dʒɔɡ] v.慢跑karate [kəˈrɑ:ti:] n.空手道Monday ['mʌndi] n.星期一museum [mju:ˈziəm] n.博物馆musical [ˈmju:zikəl] adj.音乐的non-fiction [nɔnˈfɪkʃən] n.纪实类文学作品novel [ nɔvəl] n.小说orchestra [ˈɔ:kistrə] n.管弦乐队outgoing [ˈaʊtˌgəʊɪŋ] adj.爱交际的、外向的performer [pəˈfɔ:mə(r)] n.表演者poetry [ˈpəuitri] n.诗歌rock music n.摇滚乐Saturday [ˈsætədi] n.星期六science [ˈsaiəns] n.科学science fiction n.科幻小说shy [ʃai] adj.害羞的spend [spend] v.花费、度过star [stɑ:] n.星、明星stay [stei] v.停留、逗留story [ˈstɔ:ri] n.故事Sunday [ˈsʌndi] n.星期日team [ti:m] n.队、组Thursday [ˈθə:zdi] n.星期四Tuesday [ˈtju:zdi] n.星期二volleyball [ˈvɔlibɔ:l] n.排球Wednesday [ˈwenzdi] n.星期三western [ˈwestən] adj.西部的、西方的、西部yoga [ˈjəʊgə] n.片瑜伽Unit 11antenna [ænˈtenə] n.触角、天线blond [blɔnd] adj.金发的both [bəuθ] adj.两者都;两个都close [kləuz] adj./v.靠近的、亲近的conversation [ˌkɔnvəˈseiʃən] n.交谈、谈话、会话curly [ˈkɜ:li] adj.卷曲的elevator [ˈeliveitə] n.电梯escalator [ˈeskəˌleɪtə] n.自动扶梯experiment [iksˈperimənt] n.实验、实验journalist [ˈdʒə:nəlist] n.记者、新闻工作者laboratory [ləˈbɔrətəri] n.实验室look [luk] v.看; 寻找lucky [ˈlʌki] adj.幸运的magazine [ˌmæɡəˈzi:n] n.杂志month [mʌnθ] n.月motorcycle [ˈməutəˌsaikəl] n.摩托车national [ˈnæʃənəl] adj.国家的、民族的never [ˈnevə] adv.从不once [wʌns] adv.一次rarely [ˈrɛəli] adv.很少、难得reporter [riˈpɔ:t] n.记者scientist [ˈsaiəntist] n.科学家straight [streit] adj.直的time [taim] n.时间travel [ˈtrævəl] n.旅行twice [twais] adv.两倍; 两次unfortunately [ʌnˈfɔ:tʃənətli] adv.不幸的week [wi:k] n.星期、周year [jə:] n.年Unit 12acme [ˈækmɪ] n.定点、极点answer [ˈɑ:nsə] v. 回答assistant [ə sistənt] n.助手助理, 店员bathtub [ˈbɑ:θtʌb] n.浴缸bite [bait] v.咬blush [blʌʃ] v.脸红business [ˈbiznis] n.商业、生意carpet [ˈkɑ:pit] n.地毯、毛毯carrier [ˈkæriə] n.运送者company [ˈkʌmpəni] adj.公司cover [ˈkʌvə] v.覆盖custodian [kʌˈstəʊdi:ən] n.管理人、保管人deliver [diˈlivə] v.递送、达标direct [diˈrekt] v.指示、指挥dish [diʃ] n.盘子early [ˈə:li] adj./adv.早embarrass [ɪmˈbærəs] v.使窘迫;使尴尬;使为难employee [ˌemplɔiˈi:] adj.雇员empty [ˈempti] adj.空的energetic [ˌenəˈdʒetik] adj.精力旺盛的flashlight [ˈflæʃˌlaɪt] n.手电筒flu [flu:] n.流行性感冒forth [fɔ:θ] adv.向前、向外hungry [ˈhʌŋɡri] adj.饥饿的lamp [læmp] n.灯nail [neil] n.指甲、钉子nervous [ˈnə:vəs] adj.紧张的officer [ˈɔfisə] n.官员perspire [pəˈspaɪə] v.出汗、流汗police [pəˈli:s] n.警察、警方receptionist [rɪˈsepʃənɪst] n.接待员result [riˈzʌlt] n.结果rush [rʌʃ] v.冲进、匆促行事scared [skeəd] adj.害怕的secretary [ˈsekrətəri] n.秘书shiver [ˈʃivə] v.颤动shout [ʃaut] v.呼喊(cry) (at)sick [sik] adj.恶心的、有病的、腻烦smile [smail] v.的微笑 (at)sort [sɔ:t] v.分类、整理staff [stɑ:f] n.全体人员、同事strange [streindʒ] adj.陌生的、奇怪的strike [straik] n.罢工sweat [swet] v.汗、出汗thirsty [ˈθə:sti] adj.口渴的traffic [ˈtræfik] n.交通truck [trʌk] n.卡车type [taip] v.打字typewriter [ˈtaipˌraitə] n.打字机typical [ˈtipikəl,ˈtɪpɪkl] adj.典型的、有代表性的unusual [ˌʌnˈju:ʒuəl] adj.不平常的、异常的vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] n.真空吸尘器yawn [jɔ:n] v.打哈欠、哈欠Unit 13ace [eis] adj.一流的、卓越的annoyed [əˈnɔɪd] a. 烦闷的application [ˌæpliˈkeiʃən] n.申请apply [əˈplai] v.申请attach [əˈtætʃ] v. 附上, 贴上believe [biˈli:v] v.认为、相信bowling [ˈbəuliŋ] n.保龄球cash [kæʃ] n.现金cash register [kæʃ] [ˈredʒistə] n.(美)收银机、现金出纳机chef [ʃef] n.厨师construction [kənˈstrʌkʃən] n.建设、建造crowded [ˈkraʊdɪd] adj.拥挤的customer [ˈkʌstəmə] n.顾客depressed [dɪˈprest] adj.沮丧的、降低的duplicate [ˈdju:plikit] n.副本、复制品employment [imˈplɔimənt] n.职业、雇佣、使用equipment [iˈkwipmənt] n.设备、装备fee [fi:] n.费用file [fail] n.档案/V.归档fill [fil] v.装满、填充finally ['fainəli] adv.最后、最终form [fɔ:m] n.形式、表格hope [həup] v.希望ink [iŋk] n.墨水inventory [ˈɪnvəntri] n.详细目录、存货清单loan [ləun] n.贷款lock [lɔk] v./n.锁marriage [ˈmæridʒ] n.婚姻、结婚mechanic [miˈkænik] n.技工、机修工motor [ˈməutə,ˈməʊtə(r)] adj.机动的、汽车的operate [ˈɔpəreit] v.操作、动手术park [pɑ:k,pɑ:rk] v.停车passport [ˈpɑ:spɔ:t] n.护照pay [pei] v.支付、付清pick [pik] v.挑选、摘pie [pai] n.馅饼reception [riˈsepʃən] n.接待register [ˈredʒistə] n.暂存器、记录、登记簿salesperson [ˈseɪlzˌpɜ:sən] n.销售员script [skript] n.原稿、手稿service [ˈsɜːvɪs] n.服务ski [ski:] v.滑雪software [ˈsɔftwɛə] n.软件spoken [ˈspəʊkən] adj.口头的speak过去分词stove [stəuv] n炉子火炉submit [səbˈmit] v.呈送、递交test [test] n.测试、试验tool [tu:l] n.工具vehicle [ˈvi:ɪkl] n.交通工具、车辆wait [weit] v.等候、期待wonder [ˈwʌndə] n.奇迹、惊奇written [ˈrɪtn] adj.书面的Unit 14accident ['æksidәnt] n. 意外事件, 事故according to 根据、按照April ['eiprəl] n. 四月August [ɔ:ˈɡʌst] n. 八月autumn [ˈɔ:təm] n.秋季、秋天become [biˈkʌm] v.成为、变成begin [biˈɡin] v.开始believe [biˈli:v] v.认为、相信celebrate [ˈselibreit] v.庆祝、祝贺clear [kliə] adj清楚的晴朗的college [ˈkɔlidʒ] n.学院、大学cut [kʌt] v.切割December [diˈsembə] n.十二月dollar [ˈdɔlə] n.美元doorbell [ˈdɔ:ˌbel] n.门铃entire [inˈtaiə] adj.全部的、整个的eve [i:v] n.前夜、前夕fall [fɔ:l] v.倒下、落下February [ˈfebruəri] n.二月finish [ˈfiniʃ] v.完成、结束fire [ˈfaiə] v.解雇、开枪foggy [ˈfɔɡi, ˈfɑɡi] adj.有雾的forecast [ˈfɔ:-kɑ:st] n.预测、预报fortune [ˈfɔ:tʃən] n.财产、命运future [ˈfju:tʃə] n.将来、未来get [ɡet] v.获得、得到half [hɑ:f] n.一半的happen [ˈhæpən] vi.发生、碰巧high school n.中学hire [ˈhaiə] v.雇请、出租hope [həup] v.希望hurry [ˈhʌri] n./.匆忙 v.催促、匆忙hurt [hə:t] v.伤害、(使)疼痛immediately [iˈmi:diətli] adv.立即iron [ˈaiən] v.熨、烫衣服January [ˈdʒænjuəri] n.一月July [dʒu:ˈlai] n.七月June [dʒu:n] n.六月leave [li:v] v.离开love [lʌv] n.爱、恋爱、爱情madame [məˈdæm, ˈmædəm] n.夫人March [mɑ:tʃ] n.三月May [mei] n.五月midnight [ midnait] n午夜million [ˈmiljən] n.百万move [mu:v] v.移动、搬家November [nəuˈvembə] n.十一月October [ɔkˈtəubə] n.十月pack [pæk] v.包装、捆扎picnic [ˈpiknik] n.野餐player [ˈpleɪə] n.单放机、演员plumber [ˈplʌmə] n.水管工人quarter [ˈkwɔ:tə] n.四分之一、一刻钟sail [seil] v.航行salary [ˈsæləri] n.薪水save [seiv] v.节省September [səpˈtembə] n.九月shave [ʃeiv] v.修面、刮胡子shower [ˈʃauə] n.阵雨、淋浴spring [spriŋ] n.春天start [stɑ:t] n./.起点/v.开始suitcase [ˈsju:tkeis] n.手提箱summer [ˈsʌmə] n.夏季、夏天teller [ˈtelə] n.讲话者、告诉的人used [ju:zd] adj.使用过的、二手的want [wɔnt] v.要、希望win [win] v.赢得、胜利、成功winter [ˈwintə] n.冬季、冬天wonder [ˈwʌndə] v.惊奇、想知道Unit 15appointment [əˈpɔintmənt] n.约会、预约backache [ˈbækˌeɪk] n.背痛cheese [tʃi:z] n.乳酪、干酪cough [kɔf] n.咳嗽cracker [ˈkrækə] n.饼干、爆竹dessert [diˈzə:t] n.甜食earache [ˈiəreik] n.耳痛feel [fi:l] v.感觉、觉得fence [fens] n.围墙fever [ˈfi:və] n.发烧、发热furniture [ˈfə:nitʃə] n.家具guest [ɡest] n.客人Hawaii [həˈwɑ:i:] n.夏威夷headache [ˈhedeik] n.头痛inside [inˈsaid] adj./.里面的/adv.在里面invite [inˈvait] v.邀请(to)matter [ˈmætə] n./.事件/v.有关系prepare [priˈpɛə] v.准备、预备 (for)rest [rest] n./v.休息second [ˈsekənd] adj./.第二/n.秒seem [si:m] v.像是、似乎serve [sə:v] v.服务、对待sore [sɔː(r)] adj.疼痛的spaghetti [spəˈɡeti] n.意大利式细面条step [step] n.步骤、步、踏级stomachache [ˈstʌməkˌeɪk] n.胃痛then [ðen] adv.那么、当时、然后throat [θrəʊt] n.喉咙toothache [ˈtu:θˌeɪk] 牙痛trip [trip] n.旅行turn [tə:n] 打开、拧开yesterday [ˈjestədi] n./adv.昨天Unit 16bought [bɔ:t] v.购买, 购得(buy的过去day off 放假did [did] v.式)做(do的过去式)forgot [fəˈɡɔt] v.忘记(forget的过去式)got [gɔt] v.得到(get的过去式)had [hæd] v.有,吃(have的过去式)made [meɪd] v.做,使,安排(make的过去式)met [met] v.遇见(meet的过去式)mile [mail] n.英里minute [ˈminit] n.分钟miss [mis] v.想念、漏掉、错过quick [kwik] adj.快的、迅速的read [ri:d] v.读,阅读(read的过去式)repair [riˈpɛə] n./v.修理shout (向某人)大声喊叫 (at sb.)steal [sti:l] v.偷stole [stəʊl] v.偷(steal的过去式)supervisor [ˈsju:pəˌvaɪzə] n.监督人、管理人、主管thief [θi:f] n.人贼、小偷took [tʊk] v.拿、取went [went] v.去(go的过去式)Unit 17advertising [ˈædvəˌtaɪzɪŋ] n.广告、广告业armchair [ˈɑ:mˌtʃeə] n.扶手椅assembly [əˈsembli] n.集会、装配before [biˈfɔ:] prep./conj.在…以前began [biˈɡæn] v.开始 begin的过去式bread [bred] n.面包cereal [ˈsiəriəl] n.谷类食物clean [kli:n] adj.干净的cleaner [ˈkli:nə] n.清洁剂、清洁工commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl] adj./.商业的/n.商业广告communicate [kəˈmju:nikeit] v.沟通、交流dimple [ˈdɪmpəl] n.酒窝、涟漪dirty [ˈdə:ti] adj.肮脏的dull [dʌl] adj.迟钝的、无趣的、黯淡elementary [ˌeliˈmentəri] adj.的初级的、基本的小学elementaryschoolenormous [iˈnɔ:məs] adj.巨大的、庞大的exciting [ikˈsaitiŋ] adj.令人兴奋的factory [ˈfæktəri,fæktri] n.工厂freckle [ˈfrekəl] n.雀斑、斑点grew [ɡru:] v.成长 grow的过去式healthy [ˈhelθi] adj.健康的hero [ˈhiərəu] n.男主角、英雄hobby [ˈhɔbi] n.业余爱好ice cream n.冰淇淋occupation [ˌɔkjuˈpeiʃən] n.职业Peru [pəˈru:,piˈru:] n.秘鲁presto [ˈprestəʊ] n.(音乐)快拍, 口语中表示让人难以置信的东西recommend [ˌrekəˈmend] v.建议、推荐、劝告、介recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeiʃən] n.绍推荐、介绍shampoo [ʃæmˈpu:] n.洗发剂shiny [ˈʃaɪni:] adj.有光泽的、发光的skim [skim] n. 脱脂(物)soap [səup] n.肥皂spare [spɛə] adj.多余的、备用的subject [ˈsʌbdʒikt] n.科目、主题tiny [ˈtaini] adj.极小的、微小的toothpaste [ˈtu:θˌpeɪst] n.牙膏uncomfortable [ʌnˈkʌmfətəbəl] adj.不舒服的、不自在的vitamin [ˈvitəmin] n.维生素wax [wæks] n.蜡word [wə:d] n.词、消息。
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Unit 2
第一部分
老师:大家好……过得如何……很好……每个人都交作业了吗?好的,那么让我们开始吧。
如果你记得,上星期我们讨论了一些遗传学领域的研究。
今天我想去谈论关于一些,我确定你们都听说过——转基因的食物。
转基因食物是食物——不是植物就是动物——在实验室被科学家改变的食物。
科学家把一种植物或者动物里的一些东西加到另一种不同的植物或动物里去让它以不同的方式长大。
今天我们来看一些关于转基因食物的益处和有可能的风险。
让我们开始讨论一些转基因食物的益处,遗传学科学家真的是尽力去制作植物食物,比普通植物更好的植物食物,去制作植物,用一种方式去改变的食物,让植物比普通植物长得更好或者吃起来更好或者吃起来更健康的方式。
一个好处是转基因植物会需要更少量的农药比普通植物。
例如,有一种玉米,对昆虫来说是坏的玉米——当昆虫吃这个玉米,它们就死了。
然而这种玉米不会伤害人类。
这种玉米是有好处的,因为农名使用更少的农药去让玉米成熟,并且对环境的污染更少。
而且这个玉米是便宜的,因为农民不需要去花费大量的钱在农药上。
因此,通过使用少量的农药,这个玉米更加便宜和环境更干净。
另一个好处关于转基因植物是他们会长得更好比普通的植物。
一个例子是一种转基因草莓,可以在冬天生长的草莓。
这更好比普通的草莓,因为农民可以在春天更早的并且在秋天晚些时候种植这种草莓,当普通的草莓通常死掉的时候。
因此,结果,农民可以比平时种植更多的草莓。
因此另一种益处是植物长得更好。
最后,第三个好处是很多的转基因食物可以保鲜更久在采摘之后。
因此,例如,有一种土豆,可以在商店保鲜两个月的土豆而不是一或两星期。
这意味着有更多的时间去把食物送到商店并且去让这种食物去售卖。
更少的食物被扔掉和浪费。
因此,这是一个很大的好处去使食物保鲜更久——并且我们可以消费更多我们种植的食物。
第二部分
老师:现在我们已经看了一些转基因植物的益处,让我们来讨论一下这种食物的种植的危害。
我们不是真正的知道这种有害的影响是什么,但是这有几件事情,可能需要去担心的事情。
第一个危害是,转基因植物可能开始支配其他野生植物在自然中。
这是一个问题关于一些种类的土豆,例如。
这种新品种土豆是很强壮的比普通植物,并且因为他们比野生植物更强壮,长得更快,这种转基因土豆开始支配环境,导致野生植物死去。
因此让一种植物支配其他所有植物对环境不好。
另一种危害是转基因植物将会伤害野生动物和昆虫在自然中。
例如,这种转基因玉米,我之前提到的,已经导致了这个问题。
现在,一些蝴蝶,住在这种玉米附近的蝴蝶正在死亡——蝴蝶是益虫,并且它不吃玉米。
可能是这种玉米杀死了舞蝶以某种方式,但是我们并不确定。
我们仅仅知道更多的蝴蝶正在死亡,比以往。
但是,无疑的这种危害,转基因食物带来的,可以伤害动物和昆虫在大自然中。
然而,可能地最重要的危害是转基因食物可能对人有害,消费这种食物的人。
这种改变在植物中可能会造成严肃的问题对人们——我们只是不知道。
科学家们正在尝试所有种类的新东西,例如把动物的基因放在植物中。
例如,去使水果比如草莓保鲜更久,科学家们得到一个鱼的基因——这种基因可以帮助鱼住在寒冷的水里——并且放进草莓里。
将来的那种草莓对人有害吗?我们不知道,但是它可能发生。
因此,这是无疑的,有一些重要的好处对于转基因食物但是也有一些危害,很多人不愿意承担的危害。
所以让我们在这停一下,并且谈论一些问题你所想到的问题,在这个事情上……。