BT型楼梯计算
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1 梁板式楼梯:TB-1
1.1 基本资料
1.1.1 工程名称:工程一
1.1.2 楼梯类型:板式 B 型(__╱)支座条件:两端弹性
1.1.3 踏步段水平净长 Lsn = 2200mm 低端平板净长 Lln = 1450mm
梯板净跨度 Ln = Lln + Lsn = 1450 + 2200 = 3650mm 梯板净宽度 B = 1150mm
1.1.4 低端支座宽度 dl = 200mm 高端支座宽度 dh = 200mm
计算跨度 Lo = Min{Ln + (dl + dh) / 2, 1.05Ln} = Min{3850, 3833} = 3833mm
1.1.5 梯板厚度 h1 = 140mm
1.1.6 踏步段总高度 Hs = 1950mm 楼梯踏步级数 n = 10
1.1.7 线性恒荷标准值 Pk = 2kN/m 均布活荷标准值 qk = 3.5kN/m ψc = 0.7 ψq = 0.4
1.1.8 面层厚度 c1 = 50mm 面层容重γc1 =20kN/m 顶棚厚度 c2 = 20mm
顶棚容重γc2 =20kN/m
1.1.9 楼梯自重容重γb = 27kN/m
1.1.10 混凝土强度等级: C30 fc = 14.33N/mm ft = 1.43N/mm
ftk = 2.01N/mm Ec = 29791N/mm
1.1.11 钢筋强度设计值 fy = 360N/mm Es = 200000N/mm
纵筋合力点至近边距离 as = 25mm
1.2 楼梯几何参数
1.2.1 踏步高度 hs = Hs / n = 1950/10 = 195mm
踏步宽度 bs = Lsn / (n - 1) = 2200/(10-1) = 244.4mm
踏步段斜板的倾角α = ArcTan(hs / bs) = ArcTan(195/244.4) = 38.6°
踏步段斜板的长度 Lx = Lsn / Cosα = 2200/Cos38.6°= 2814mm
1.2.2 踏步段梯板厚的垂直高度 h1' = h1 / Cosα = 140/Cos38.6°= 179mm
踏步段梯板平均厚度 T = (hs + 2 * h1') / 2 = (195+2*179)/2 = 277mm
1.2.3 梯板有效高度 h1o = h1 - as = 140-25 = 115mm
1.3 均布永久荷载标准值
1.3.1 梯板上的线形荷载换算成均布永久荷载 gk1 = Pk / B = 2/1.15 = 1.74kN/m 1.3.2 踏步段梯板自重 gk2' =γb * T = 27*0.277 = 7.47kN/m
gk2 = gk2' * Lsn / Ln = 7.47*2.2/3.65 = 4.50kN/m
1.3.3 低端平板自重 gk3' =γb * h1 = 27*0.14 = 3.78kN/m
gk3 = gk3' * Lln / Ln = 3.78*1.45/3.65 = 1.50kN/m
1.3.4 踏步段梯板面层自重
gk4' =γc1 * c1 * (n - 1) * (hs + bs) / Lsn
= 20*0.05*(10-1)*(0.195+0.244)/2.2 = 1.80kN/m
gk4 = gk4' * Lsn / Ln = 1.8*2.2/3.65 = 1.08kN/m
1.3.5 低端平板面层自重 gk5' =γc1 * c1 = 20*0.05 = 1.00kN/m
gk5 = gk5' * Lln / Ln = 1*1.45/3.65 = 0.40kN/m
1.3.6 梯板顶棚自重 gk6' =γc2 * c2 = 20*0.02 = 0.40kN/m
gk6 = gk6' * (Ln + Lx - Lsn) / Ln = 0.4*(3.65+2.814-2.2)/3.65 = 0.47kN/m
1.3.7 均布荷载标准值汇总 gk = gk1 + gk2 + gk3 + gk4 + gk5 + gk6 = 9.69kN/m
1.4 均布荷载设计值
由可变荷载控制的 p(L) = 1.2 * gk + 1.4 * qk = 16.53kN/m
由永久荷载控制的 p(D) = 1.35 * gk + 1.4 * ψc * qk = 16.51kN/m
最不利的荷载设计值 p = Max{p(L), p(D)} = 16.53kN/m
1.5 支座反力
永久荷载作用下均布反力标准值 Rk(D) = 17.68kN/m
可变荷载作用下均布反力标准值 Rk(L) = 6.39kN/m
最不利的均布反力基本组合值 R = 30.16kN/m
1.6 梯板斜截面受剪承载力计算
Vmax ≤ 0.7 * ft * b * ho
Vmax = 0.5 * p * Ln = 0.5*16.53*3.65 = 30.2kN
0.7 * ft * b * ho = 0.7*1.43*1000*0.115
= 115.3kN ≥ Vmax = 30.2kN,满足要求。
1.7 正截面受弯承载力计算
1.7.1 跨中 Mmax = p * Lo ^ 2 / 10 = 16.53*3.833^2/10 = 24.28kN·m
As = 630mm ξ = 0.138 ρ = 0.55%
实配 12@100 (As = 1131mm )最大裂缝宽度ωmax = 0.110mm
1.7.2 支座 Mmin = - p * Lo ^ 2 / 20 = -16.53*3.833^2/20 = -12.14kN·m
As = 303mm ξ = 0.066 ρ = 0.26%
实配 12@100 (As = 1131mm )最大裂缝宽度ωmax = 0.018mm
1.8 跨中挠度验算
1.8.1 挠度验算参数
Mk = 19.37kN·m Mq = 16.29kN·m
Mk -------- 按荷载效应的标准组合计算的弯矩值
Mq -------- 按荷载效应的准永久组合计算的弯矩值
1.8.2 在荷载效应的标准组合作用下,受弯构件的短期刚度 Bs
1.8.2.1 裂缝间纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数ψ
σsk = Mk / (0.87 * ho * As) (混凝土规范式 8.1.3-3)
σsk = 19373710/(0.87*115*1131) = 171N/mm
矩形截面, Ate = 0.5 * b * h = 0.5*1000*140 = 70000mm
ρte = As / Ate (混凝土规范式 8.1.2-4)
ρte = 1131/70000 = 0.01616
ψ = 1.1 - 0.65 * ftk / (ρte * σsk) (混凝土规范式 8.1.2-2)
ψ = 1.1-0.65*2.01/(0.01616*171) = 0.629
1.8.2.2 钢筋弹性模量与混凝土模量的比值αE
αE = Es / Ec = 200000/29791 = 6.71
1.8.2.3 受压翼缘面积与腹板有效面积的比值γf'
矩形截面,γf' = 0
1.8.2.4 纵向受拉钢筋配筋率ρ = As / (b * ho) = 1131/(1000*115) = 0.00983 1.8.2.5 钢筋混凝土受弯构件的 Bs 按混凝土规范式 8.2.3-1 计算:
Bs = Es * As * ho ^ 2 / [1.15ψ + 0.2 + 6 * αE * ρ / (1 + 3.5γf')]
= 200000*1131*115^2/[1.15*0.629+0.2+6*6.71*0.00983/(1+3.5*0)]
= 2267.87kN·m
1.8.3 考虑荷载长期效应组合对挠度影响增大影响系数θ
按混凝土规范第 8.2.5 条,当ρ' = 0 时,θ = 2.0
1.8.4 受弯构件的长期刚度 B,可按混凝土规范式 8.2.2 计算:
B = Mk / [Mq * (θ - 1) + Mk] * Bs = 19.37/[16.29*(2-1)+19.37]*2267.87
= 1232.01kN·m
1.8.5 跨中挠度 f
f = 2.9 / 384 * Qk * Lo ^ 4 / B = 0.00755*13.19*3.833^4/1232.01*1000
= 17.4mm
f / Lo = 17.4/3833 = 1/220
1.9 板式楼梯平面整体表示方法的注写内容
BT1, h = 140 195X10 = 1950 12@100。