四级写作词汇
英语四级阅读写作【科技类】热点词汇
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英语四级阅读写作【科技类】热点词汇1. new branch of science [njuː brɑːntʃɒv ˈsaɪəns]新兴学科branch [brɑːntʃ] n.树枝;分支;分部;分行;分店;分支机构;支流vi.分开;分岔2.research result [rɪˈsɜːtʃ rɪˈzʌlt]研究成果;研究结果research [rɪˈsɜːtʃ] n.研究;调查;探索v.研究;探讨;调查3. national key laboratory [ˈnæʃnəl kiː ləˈbɒrətri]国家重点实验室;国家级重点实验室laboratory [ləˈbɒrətri] 实验室;实验大楼4. production capacity [prəˈdʌkʃn kəˈpæsət]产能;生产能力;产量;生产力;生产规模capacity [kəˈpæsəti] n.容量;容积;容纳能力;领悟能力;职位;职责;生产量 adj.充满的,达到最大限度的;座无虚席的,满场的,挤满的5. high-tech park [haɪ tek pɑːk]高科技园区;高技术园区6. innovation [ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn]n.(新事物、思想或方法的)创造;创新;改革;新思想;新方法7. environmental-friendly agriculture [ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈfrendli ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə] 生态农业environmental-friendly [ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl ˈfrendli]环保;环境友好型;环保的agriculture [ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə] n.农业;农学;农艺8. scientific and technological advancement[ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ənd ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkl ədˈvɑːnsmənt]科技发展;科技进步advancement [ədˈvɑːnsmənt] n.进步;发展;前进;促进;推动;提升,晋升9. high-speed rail [haɪ spiːd reɪl]高铁;高速铁路10. resource utilization rate [rɪˈsɔːs ˌjuːtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn reɪt]资源利用率utilization [ˌjuːtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.利用;应用;效用11. the top layer design [ðətɒp ˈleɪə(r) dɪˈzaɪn]顶层设计design [dɪˈzaɪn] n.设计;布局;安排;设计艺术;构思;设计图样;设计方案;打算 vt.设计;制图;构思;计划;筹划;制订;制造;意欲12. artificial organ [ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl ˈɔːɡən]人造器官;人工器官;人造脏器;人工瀑artificial [ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl] adj.人工的,人造的,人为的;假的,模拟的;人工栽培的 organ [ˈɔːɡən] n.器官;管风琴;风琴;机构13. applied science [əˈplaɪd ˈsaɪəns]应用科学applied [əˈplaɪd] apply的过去分词和过去式v.应用;使用;施;(通常以书面形式)申请,请求;涂;敷 adj.应用的;实用的14. new particle [njuː ˈpɑːtɪkl]新粒子particle [ˈpɑːtɪkl] n.微粒;粒子;颗粒;小品词15. electricity generated from non-fossil energy非化石能源发电量electricity generated [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti ˈdʒenəreɪtɪd] 发电量generated [ˈdʒenəreɪtɪd] generate的过去分词和过去式v.产生;引起non-fossil energy [ˈnəʊn ˈfɒsl ˈenədʒi] 非化石能源16. nuclear power plant [ˈnjuːkliə(r) ˈpaʊə(r) plɑːnt]核电厂;核电站;核动力装置;核能发电厂power plant [ˈpaʊə plɑːnt] n.发电厂,发电站;动力设备,发电装置plant [plɑːnt] n.植物;发电厂;工厂;大型机器,设备17. research and development [rɪˌsɜːtʃ ən dɪˈveləpmənt]n.研究和开发18. state-of-the-art technology [steɪt ɒv ðə ɑːt tekˈnɒlədʒi]最先进的技术;尖端科技;最新科技;艺术化技术state-of-the-art [ˌsteɪt əv ði ˈɑːt]adj.最先进的;使用最先进技术的;体现最高水平的19. technology content [tekˈnɒlədʒi ˈkɒntent]技术含量content [ˈkɒntent ] n.所容纳之物;所含之物;内容;目录;主题;含量 adj.满意;满足;愿意vt.满足;满意;知足;使满意;使满足20. artificial intelligence [ˌɑːtɪfɪʃl ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns]n.人工智能intelligence [ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns] n.智力;才智;智慧;情报21. technology-intensive product [tekˈnɒlədʒi ɪnˈtensɪv ˈprɒdʌkt]技术密集型产品;技术密集产品intensive [ɪnˈtensɪv] adj.密集的;彻底的;十分细致的;集约的n.加强器;[语]强义词;强调成份22. reform of the science and technology management system[rɪˈfɔːm ɒv ðəˈsaɪəns ənd tekˈnɒlədʒi ˈmænɪdʒmənt ˈsɪstəm] 科技体制改革reform [rɪˈfɔːm] v..改革,改进,改良;改造,改过自新;革除,n.改造,改革,改良;革除,废除;改过自新adj.改革的;拥护改革的;management system [mænɪdʒmənt ˈsɪstəm]管理系统;管理制度9系统),管理体制23. navigation system [ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn ˈsɪstəm]导航系统;导航设备;巡航系统navigation [ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn] n.航行;导航;领航24. innovation achievement [ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn əˈtʃiːvmənt]创新成果innovation [ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn] n.创造;创新;改革;新思想;新方法25. the following conditions apply必须满足下列条件;以下条件适用the following [ðəˈfɒləʊɪŋ] 以下内容;接下来的conditions apply [kənˈdɪʃnz əˈplaɪ] 适用条件;申请条件26. side effects [saɪd ɪˈfekts]n.(药物的)副作用;意外的连带后果27. reduce suffering [rɪˈdjuːs ˈsʌfərɪŋ]减轻痛苦suffering [ˈsʌfərɪŋ] suffer的现在分词n.疼痛;痛苦;折磨;苦难;苦恼v.受苦,受难,受折磨;遭受;蒙受;变差;变糟adj.苦恼的28. add to suffering [æd tuˈsʌfərɪŋ]雪上加霜;增加痛苦29. potential benefits [pəˈtenʃl ˈbenɪfɪts]潜在利益;潜在益处;潜在效益;潜在收益potential [pəˈtenʃl] adj.潜在的;可能的n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质;电位;电势;电压benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n.利益;益处;优势;成效;福利费;奖金;保险金v.对(某人)有用;使受益;得益于;得利于30. find answers to our questions [faɪnd ˈɑːnsəz tu ˈaʊəˈkwestʃənz] 找到我们问题的答案31. create a new trend [kriˈeɪt ə njuː trend]创造新潮流;创造新趋势trend [trend] n.趋势;趋向;倾向;动态;动向vi.倾向;趋势32. be the key to [bi ðə kiːtu]成为;是…的关键33. advances in technology [ədˈvɑːnsɪz ɪn tekˈnɒlədʒi]技术进步;科技上的进步33. push forward science and technology推动科学技术进步push forward [pʊʃˈfɔːwəd] 推进;推动science and technology [saɪəns ənd tekˈnɒlədʒ] 科学技术35. carry out a research [ˈkæri aʊt ə rɪˈsɜːtʃ]调查;实施一项研究carry out [ˈkæri aʊt] 进行;实施;执行,实行;贯彻36. be based on [bi beɪst ɒn]v.基于;以…为基础37. speed up the pace of sth加快某事的速度;加速某物的步伐speed up [spiːd ʌp] (使)加快,加速38. a hard-won discovery来之不易的发现hard-won [ˌhɑːd ˈwʌn] adj.经奋斗(或努力)得到的;来之不易的discovery [dɪˈskʌvəri] n.发现;发觉;被发现的事物(或真相、人)39. shorten the distance [ˈʃɔːtn ðə ˈdɪstəns]缩短距离40. reduce the gap [rɪˈdjuːs ðəɡæp]减少差距;缩小差距gap [ɡæp] n.缺口;差距;间隙;间隔;开口;豁口;裂口;间断;分歧;隔阂vi.造成缝隙;使成缺口;使豁裂豁开;张开;有缺口;露出裂口41. industrial revolution [ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn]n.工业革命;产业革命revolution [ˌrevəˈluːʃn] n.革命;巨变;大变革;旋转;(尤指)天体运行42. experiment with sth [ɪkˈsperɪmənt wɪðˈsʌmθɪŋ]体验/试用某物;试验某事experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] n.实验;试验;尝试;实践vi.做试验;进行实验;尝试;试用43. high-tech devices [ˌhaɪˈtek dɪˈvaɪs]高科技设备;高科技仪器device [dɪˈvaɪs] n.装置;仪器;器具;设备;手段;策略;方法;技巧;花招high-tech [ˌhaɪˈtek] n.高科技adj.高技术的,高科技的;样式新颖的;用高新技术材料的44. industrial park [ɪnˈdʌstriəl pɑːk]工业区;工业园区45. design creativity [dɪˈzaɪn ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvət]设计创意creativity [ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti] n.创造性;创造力46. see dramatic breakthroughs [siː drəˈmætɪk ˈbreɪkˌθruːz]取得突破性进展dramatic [drəˈmætɪk] adj.戏剧性的;引人注目的;巨大的;突然的;激动人心的 breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n.重大进展,突破;突破点47. creative spirit [kriˈeɪtɪv ˈspɪrɪt]创新精神;创造精神spirit [ˈspɪrɪt] n.精神;心灵;情绪;心境;勇气;忠心;心态;本质;真实意义;烈酒 vt.偷偷带走;让人不可思议地弄走48. patent of invention [ˈpætnt ɒv ɪnˈvenʃn]发明专利patent [ˈpætnt] n.专利;专利权adj.有专利的;受专利保护的;专利生产的;专利经销的;明显的 vt.获得专利权49. scientific exploration [ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˌekspləˈreɪʃn]科学探索;科学考察exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n.勘探;勘查;探索;探究;研究;探测50. experiment plot [ɪkˈsperɪmənt plɒt]试验区plot [plɒt] n.情节;阴谋;故事情节;密谋;布局;(专用的)小块土地v.密谋;暗中策划;(在地图上)标出;绘制;设计情节51. promote relative industries [prəˈməʊt ˈrelətɪv ˈɪndəstriz]促进相关产业;促进相关产业发展relative [ˈrelətɪv] adj.相对的;相比较而言的;比较的;相关联的;n.亲戚;亲属;同类事物industry [ˈɪndəstri] n.工业;生产制造;行业;勤奋;勤劳52. a fatal breakdown [əˈfeɪtl ˈbreɪkdaʊn]致命故障fatalbreakdown [ˈbreɪkdaʊn] n.崩溃;故障,损坏;破裂;崩溃,失败;分类;分析;分解 adj.(尤指铁路上)排除故障的,修理机器的53. opposite forces [ˈɒpəzɪt ˈfɔːsɪz]负面影响;相反的力;反力opposite [ˈɒpəzɪt] adj.对面的;另一边的;相反的;迥然不同的n.对立的人(或物);对立面;反面prep.与…相对;在…对面;与…合演;与…联袂演出adv.在对面,对过54. speedy and comfortable [ˈspiːdi ənd ˈkʌmftəbl]既快捷又舒适comfortable [ˈkʌmftəbl] adj.使人舒服的;舒适的;舒服的;富裕的;相当大的 n.绒线围巾;鸭绒被55. usher in [ˈʌʃə(r) ɪn]引领;引入;预报…的到来usher [ˈʌʃə] vt.引入;引领;引导;把…引往n.引座员;(法院的)传达员,门卫,门房;男傧相56. compared with [kəmˈpeəd wɪð]和…比起来;与……相比较57. overshadow [ˌəʊvəˈʃædəʊ]vt.使显得逊色;掩盖;遮蔽;使黯然失色;使扫兴;使蒙上阴影58. over-commercialized [ˈəʊvə(r) kəˈmɜːʃəlaɪzd]过度商业化;过渡商业化的commercialized [kəˈmɜːʃəlaɪzd] commercialize的过去分词和过去式v.(尤指不择手段地)利用…牟利;商业化 adj.商业化的59. aerospace technology [ˈeərəʊspeɪs tekˈnɒlədʒ]航空航天技术;航天科技;航空技术;航空科技aerospace [ˈeərəʊspeɪs] n.航空航天(工业);航空航天技术adj.航空与航天的;航空与航天器的60. Shenzhou spacecraft [Shenzhouˈspeɪskrɑːft]神舟飞船spacecraft [ˈspeɪskrɑːft] n.航天器;宇宙飞船61. manned space flight [mænd speɪs flaɪt]载人航天飞行manned [mænd] man的过去式adj.有人值守的;有人控制的,需人操纵的v.在…岗位上工作;操纵(机器等);配备(人员)62. space station [ˈspeɪs steɪʃn]n.太空站;航天站;宇宙空间站63. aircraft carrier [ˈeəkrɑːft kæriə]n.航母aircraft [ˈeəkrɑːft] n.飞机;航空器carrier [ˈkæriə] n.载体;运输公司;运输车;运输舰;航母;病原携带者64. strengthen the army by relying on science and technology[ˈstreŋθn ðəˈɑːmi baɪ rɪˈlaɪɪŋɒn ˈsaɪəns ənd tekˈnɒlədʒ]科技强军65. expediency [ɪkˈspiːdiənsi]n.权宜之计;不得已而做的事66. technical innovation [ˈteknɪkl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn]技术创新;科技创新;技术革新;技术进步;技术性创新67. sophisticated equipment [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd ɪˈkwɪpmənt]先进设备;尖端设备sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd] adj.复杂的;精密的;先进的;复杂巧妙的;在行equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] n.设备;器材;配备;装备68. universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs]n.天地万物;万象;(已知宇宙以外的)宇宙;(某种)经验体系69. advanced science [ədˈvɑːnst ˈsaɪəns]尖端科学;先进科学70. exert a far-reaching impact on对…产生深远影响exert [ɪɡˈzɜːt] vt.发挥;施加;行使;运用;努力;竭力far-reaching [fɑːˈriːtʃɪŋ] adj.深远的;广泛的impact on [ˈɪmpækt ɒn] 影响;对…冲击,碰撞;对…之影响71. double-edged sword [ˈdʌbl edʒd sɔːd](指兼有正面和负面影响的)双刃剑edged [edʒd] edge的过去分词和过去式adj.有…边的;镶…边的v.(使)徐徐移动,渐渐移动;给…加边;略为增加(或减少) sword [sɔːd] n.剑;刀72. earth-shaking changes [ɜːθ ˈʃeɪkɪŋˈtʃeɪndʒɪz]翻天覆地的变化;翻天覆地的改变earth-shaking [ɜːθ ˈʃeɪkɪŋ] adj.惊天动地;极其重大的;震撼世界的 shaking [ˈʃeɪkɪŋ] shake的现在分词n.摇动;抖动;颤动v.摇动;抖动;(使)颤动;摇(出);抖(掉);摇头73. forward position [ˈfɔːwəd pəˈzɪʃn]前沿;前进位置;远期动态74. national rejuvenation [ˈnæʃnəl rɪˌdʒuːvɪˈneɪʃən]民族复兴;民族振兴rejuvenation [rɪˌdʒuːvɪˈneɪʃən] n.更新;复苏75. look into the future [lʊk ˈɪntə ðə ˈfjuːtʃə]展望未来76. lithography machine [lɪˈθɒɡrəfi məˈʃiːn]光刻机;光刻机器lithography [lɪˈθɒɡrəfi] n.平版印刷术78. pay the way for the future development[peɪðə weɪ fɔː(r) ðəˈfjuːtʃə(r) dɪˈveləpmənt]为未来的发展铺平道路79. lay a solid foundation for…为…打下坚实的基础lay [leɪ] v.放置;安放;铺放;铺设;提出,提交adj.外行的;非专业的;缺少专门知识的solid foundation [sɒlɪd faʊnˈdeɪʃn] 坚实的基础(或地基)solid [ˈsɒlɪd] n.固体;立体图形adj.固体的;坚固的,坚硬的;结实的,牢固的;质地坚实的 adv.全部地,完全地;不间断地,连续地80. depletion of resources [dɪˈpliːʃən ɒv rɪˈsɔːsɪz]资源折耗;能源消耗depletion [dɪˈpliːʃən] n.损耗;缺乏;贫化;亏损;空虚;干枯;竭尽,耗尽81. milestone [ˈmaɪlstəʊn]n.里程碑;重要事件;重要阶段;转折点82. brain drain [ˈbreɪn dreɪn]n.(国家的)人才流失brain [breɪn] n.脑;动物脑髓;智力;脑力;逻辑思维能力;聪明的人vt.猛击…的脑袋致死drain [dreɪn] v.排水;排空;(使)流光;放干;(使)流走,流出;喝干;耗尽 n.消耗;排水管;下水道;下水道孔盖;耗竭;耗费83. show special preference (favor) to…情有独钟;对…表现出特别的偏好preference [ˈprefrəns] n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物;最喜爱的东西 favor [ˈfeɪvə] n.赞成;喜爱,宠爱,好感,赞同;偏袒,偏爱;善行,恩惠 v.赞同;喜爱,偏爱;有利于,便于84. continuous exploration [kənˈtɪnjuəs ˌekspləˈreɪʃn]不断的探索exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n.勘探;勘查;探索;探究;研究;探测85. new energy resources [njuː ˈenədʒi rɪˈsɔːsɪz]新能源86. automation [ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn]n.自动化;自控;全自动化;主动化87. robot [ˈrəʊbɒt]n.机器人;交通信号灯88. big data [bɪɡ ˈdeɪtə]大数据;海量资料89. virtual reality [ˌvɜːtʃuəl riˈæləti]虚拟现实,拟境,虚拟时空virtual [ˈvɜːtʃuəl] adj.事实上的;很接近的;实际上的;模拟的,虚拟的90. the internet of things [ðəˈɪntənet ɒv θɪŋz]物联网;物联网技术91. drone [drəʊn]n.无人机;嗡嗡声;雄蜂;持续低音vi.嗡嗡叫;嗡嗡响92. genetic engineering [dʒəˌnetɪk ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ]n.基因工程;遗传工程(学)genetic [dʒəˈnetɪk] adj.遗传的;基因的;遗传学的engineering [ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ] engineer的现在分词n.工程;工程学v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因(或遗传)结构93. support poor areas using technology[səˈpɔːt pɔː(r) ˈeərɪəz ˈjuːzɪŋ tekˈnɒlədʒi]科技扶贫94. work towards key technological breakthroughs[wɜːk təˈwɔːdz kiːˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkl ˈbreɪkˌθruːz]科研攻关breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n.重大进展,突破;突破点95. lunar module [ˈluːnəˈmɒdjuːl]登月舱module [ˈmɒdjuːl] n.单元;模块;功能块;程序块;组件;配件;舱96. digital China [ˈdɪdʒɪtl ˈtʃaɪnə]数字中国;中国数字digital [ˈdɪdʒɪtl] adj.数字的;数码的;数字信息系统的;数字式的;数字显示的 n.数字电视97. keep pace with the times [kiːp peɪs wɪð ðə taɪmz]与时俱进;跟上时代的步伐98. genetic chip [dʒəˈnetɪk tʃɪp]基因芯片chip [tʃɪp] n.缺口,缺损处;碎屑,碎渣;薄片;炸薯片;芯片,集成电路片v.打破,被损坏;切下,削;打(或踢)高球;切条;植入微芯片99. technology transfer [tekˈnɒlədʒi trænsˈfɜː(r)]技术转让;技术转移;国际技术转让;技术移转;技术转化transfer [trænsˈfɜː] v.转移(感情);(使)搬迁;转职;转学;传染(疾病);转让n.转移;搬迁;调动;变换;转会;中转;改变路线;转车票100. efficient operation [ɪˈfɪʃnt ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]高效运行;有效操作,有效经营efficient [ɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.有效率的;效率高的;有能力的101. engineering center [endʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ ˈsentə(r)]工程中心102. develop a national innovation system[dɪˈveləp əˈnæʃnəl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn ˈsɪstəm]国家创新体系建设103. application-based research institution应用型科研机构application-based [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn beɪst] 基于应用程序;应用型application [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn] n.应用;申请;申请书;运用;涂抹;应用程序;勤奋 institution [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn] n.机构;慈善机构;风俗习惯;制度;建立;出名的人104. industrial upgrade [tɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌʌpˈɡreɪd]产业升级105. life science [laɪf ˈsaɪəns]n.(动物学、植物学、人类学等)生命科学106. nano technology [ˈnænəʊ tekˈnɒlədʒi]纳米技术;纳米科技nano [ˈnænəʊ] n.纳米技术;毫微;纤(10的负九次方)。
大学英语四级必背单词
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大学英语四级必背单词一、名词1、atmosphere大气2、condition条件3、environment环境4、opportunity机会5、phenomenon现象6、probability概率7、reality现实8、society社会9、status地位10、theory理论二、动词1、affect影响2、appoint任命3、connect连接4、correspond对应5、digest消化6、estimate估计7、explore探索8、explain解释9、predict预测10、produce生产三、形容词1、absolute绝对的2、abnormal异常的3、automatic自动的4、beautiful美丽的5、blank空白的6、brief简短的7、cheap便宜的8、clean干净的9、correct正确的10、deadly致命的四、副词1、actually实际上2、always总是3、badly糟糕地4、completely完全地5、firmly坚定地6、highly高地7、intensely强烈地8、increasingly越来越多地9、irregularly不规则地10、particularly特别地五、介词短语1、according to根据…2、as for关于…3、as usual像平常一样4、at once马上,立刻5、due to由于…,应归于…大学英语四级必背单词11、alter v.改变,变更2、burst vi.n.突然发生,爆裂3、dispose vi.除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)4、blast n.爆炸,炸裂;气流vi.爆炸,炸,发爆炸声5、consume v.消耗,耗尽6、split v.劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的7、查字典常用前缀8、dis-表示不、消失、取消9、tele-表示远10、re-表示再一次、重新11、trans-表示横越、超过、超越(转位前缀)12、im-表示不、非(转位前缀)13、un-表示不、非(转位前缀)14、pre-表示前、先、预先(前缀)15、post-表示后、晚、迟(后缀)16、anti-表示反对、相反(反对前缀)17、pro-表示赞成、支持(支持前缀)大学英语四级必背单词_1为了帮助考生顺利通过大学英语四级考试,我们整理了一些必背单词,供大家参考。
60个英语四级写作高频词汇
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60个英语四级写作高频词汇(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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大学英语四级写作的高级词汇替换
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下面这些词汇以后就要在写作的时候少出现了,其替换方案仅供参考,旨在激发大家的灵感,希望诸位今后能够稍加注意,尽可能多的体现用词的多样性以及准确性;在此感谢President Luo以及同学们提供的写作素材1. very:pretty, much, quite, greatly, highly, extremely2. important:vital, critical, essential, influential, meaningful, prominent, significant3. more and more:an increasing number of, increasingly, on a rise4. think:believe, argue, maintain, hold the view that5. like:enjoy, be fond of, be in favor of, prefer6. first/second/third:第一: To start/begin with, on one hand, initially第二: Furthermore, in addition, besides, on the other hand, moreover, next 第三: Last but not least; then, thus, hence, consequently7. many/some:most, few, more than, less than, no more than, no less than, the majority of, the minority of, an overwhelming number of8. and/but:not only…but also, as well as, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, on the contrary, conversely9. in my opinion:personally, as far as I am concerned, as to me, from my angle, from my point of view, from my perspective, from my way of thinking10. Every coin has two sides. / How time flies.a two-edged sword 双刃剑Happiness takes no account of time. 欢乐不觉时光过1. 越来越:be increasingly +adj.,be on the rise,a growing number2. 人们认为:it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that3. 许多问题:a host/ number of problem4. 引起人们注意:claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5. 意识到:there is a growing awareness知道/realization of/that,awaken sb. To the fact/danger6. 适应的形势/变化:adapt/adjust/accommodate使适应oneself to new environment/ change7. 接触各种思想/经历:be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems8. 接触社会:come into frequent/close contact with the world/society9. 获得成功:achieve/accomplish success10. 提出观点/建议:advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions11. 作出努力:make tremendous极大的/persistent持久固的/sustained持续不变的effort to do sth.,take great pains to dowith work/study12. 影响学习:interfere with studies/work13. 产生影响:have/exert a profound刻的influence on life/personality,have a dramatic/ undesirable令人不快的 effect on14. 较好地驾驭生活:be a better pilot of one’s life15. 剥夺机会/权力:deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity16. 取代:substitute替代 for/take the place of the old way17. 采取措施:take effective steps/measures to18. 控制我们的环境:take/gain increasing control over our own environment19. 躲避危险/挑战:shy躲避/run away from the dangers/challenge20. 满足要求:meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of21. 补偿损失:compensate for / make up for the loss/damage22. 解释某现象:account for / explain the phenomenon23. 对……很好的了解:have a better undrstanding/appreciation of,have a new perspective观点 on,provide/gain an insight into24. 把某因素考虑进去:take sth. into accountconsideration,give much thought to25. 品位人生/自由青春:savor the life/freedom/youth26. 培养对……的信心:develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in27. 经历变化/困难/艰险:undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience28. 表现出自信心等:project one’s confidence/feeling/image29. 生活充满不公正的地方:life is full of minor irritation/injustice30. 追求学习/职业:pursue one’s academic理论的interest/professional career31. 学习知识/技术:pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill32. 被看作学习的……榜样:be held up as a good example33. 交流经验/知识:share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge34. 发挥/起到重要作用:play an important/active/greatrole/part35. 逃学/缺课:skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture36. 知识/经验丰富:rich in knowledge/experience37. 确立/追求目标:set/pursue a goal/higher standard38. 到达目标:achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object39. 克服困难:overcome obstacles/difficulty40. 面临危险/困难:be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty41. 阻碍了成功:stand in the way of success,be an obstacle障碍/barrier to success/ growth42. 阻碍了发展:hamper/impede/stunt the development of43. 持传统的看法:hold conventional wisdom44. 发表看法:voice/express one’s opinion45. 持相反/合理的观点:take the opposite/fresh view46. 揭穿某种一贯的说法:shatter the myth of47. 求得帮助:enlist one’s support/help48. 缩小差别:bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulfbetween city and country49. 把成功/错误归咎于:attribute/own the success/failure to50. 对……重要:be indispensable/important/vital to经典的替换词:,characters, folks代替people ,persons2 : positive, favorable, rosy美好的,promising有希望的,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding代替good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse有害的代替bad如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive代替4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,many, if not most 代替many.注:用many, if not most 一定要小心,many后一定要有词;Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理用most, if not all ,代替most.5: a slice of, quite a few , several代替some6: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that; hold the view that, it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that替think因为是书面语,所以要加that 7:affair ,business ,matter 代替thing8: shared 代 commonhuge fruits 代替get much benefit10:for my part ,from my own perspective 代替in my opinion11:Increasingly,growing 代替more and more 注意没有growingly这种形式;所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词,副词用increasingly.if anything, 或little or nothing代替hardly13..benefitial rewarding代替helpful; be beneficial of,client,consumer,purchaser, 代替customer,extremely 代替very16. hardly unnecessary, hardly inevitable ... 代替 necessary, inevitable appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 代替sb take interest inone's attention代替attract one's attention.,demension,sphere代aspectindicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 代替cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 代替..reasons for sth代替want.attention into 代替pay attention toin mind that 代替remember26. enjoy, possess 代替have注意process是过程的意思27. interaction代替communicationon sth代替 be against , disagree with sthname only a few, as an example代替 for example30. next to/virtually impossible,代替nearly impossible通用特点1, offer a sense of job satisfaction and security提供就业安全与保障2, lay a solid professional working experience打下坚实的专业工作经验3, reduce / cut down expenditure减少开支4, increase job opportunities增加就业机会5, meet personalized meets满足个性化需求6, promote talent introduction and exchange促进人才的引进与交流7, keep skills fresh and up-to-date保持技术更新8, better / promote / enhance / further human resource development促进人力发展9, lay a solid foundation for为….打下坚实基础10, pave the way for the future / development为未来发展铺平道路11, foster a sense of competition and cooperation培养竞争与合作意识12, cultivate the spirit of teamwork培养团队合作精神13, widen one’s knowledge扩展知识14, enrich one’s social and life experience丰富社会经验以及个人阅历15, enlarge one’s view / broaden one’s horizon拓宽视野16, realize the value of life认识到生命的价值所在17, speed up technical innovation加速科技更新18, release people from hard work从繁重的工作中解脱出来19, improve education conditions改善教育环境20, simulate one’s imaginati on and interest in sth.即发想象力与兴趣帮助联想的理由1, team-work spirit团队合作精神2, cooperation and competition 合作与竞争3, working experience工作经验4, interpersonal skills人际关系5, communication skills沟通能力6, a broader view更为辽阔的视野7, courage to overcome difficulties克服困难的勇气8, the sense of independence独立能力9, put theory into practice将理论付诸实践10, get to know the society了解社会11, meet new friends结识新的朋友12, develop one’s potential开发潜能13, gain confidence获得自信14, ambition野心15, ease one’s burden减轻负担16, idea观念17, characteristics个性弊端1, be a serious setback for the career development职业生涯当中的严重阻碍2, be lack of a sense of job security缺乏工作保障3, distract sb from doing sth从…中分心4, impose/put a heavy strain on施与….沉重负担5, be a root of all evil万恶之源6, contaminate environment污染环境7, be harmful to our physical and mental health危害身心健康8, be detached from从…中分离9, make… in disorder/ chaos 使….陷入混乱10, break the ecological balance 打破生态平衡11, suffer heavy losses 遭受严重损失12, undermine local culture 削弱地方文化13, go astray 误入歧途14, be incompatible with the present work 于现有工作相斥15, be very orthodox in one’s behavior 合乎传统行为16, restrain sb from doing 阻止…做….17, endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定与安全18, be the invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私19, be exaggerated and cheating 夸大、欺骗20, arouse resistance in the public 呼吁公众抵制…解决措施1, strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监控与监督2, give sb a comprehensive person-to-person service 给予人性化服务3, enhance the government intrusion 增强宏观调控4, place severe restrictions on 严格限制5, promote legislative regulations 宣传法律法规6, set down/ lay down effective laws/ regulations 制定法律法规7, increase the involvement of …and… 促进…和….的参与8, impose heavier penalty on 给予严惩9, work out a framework of development 规划发展蓝图10, arouse people’s awareness of 唤起公众的…意识11, increase interaction between government and the public 增进政府与公众之间的互动12, establish and perfect the social security system 建立并完善社会保障体系13, give special care to 给予特殊关怀14, optimize social resources allocation 优化资源配置15, take proper guidance and support 采取适当的引导与支持。
英语四级写作必背词汇及必备万能句型
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英语四级写作必背词汇及必备万能句型四级作文必备词组50个1. at the thought of一想到…2. as a whole =in general 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. be abundant inbe rich in; be well supplied with 富于,富有5. accessto 不可数名词能接近,进入,了解6. Without accident=safely 安全地7. of one's own accord=without being asked; willingly; freely 自愿地 ,主动地8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…不一致9. with one accord =with everybody agreeing一致地10. in accordance with =in agreement with 依照,根据11. on one's own account1 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益2 =at one's own risk 自行负责3 =by oneself依靠自己12. take…into account=consider把.....考虑进去13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释理由14. account for =give an explanation or reason for 解释, 说明15. on account of =because of 由于,因为16. on no account=in no case, for no reason绝不要,无论如何不要放句首时句子要倒装17. accuse…of…=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about 指控,控告18. be accustomed to =be in the habit of, be used to习惯于19. be acquainted with=to have knowledge of 了解; =to have met socially 熟悉20. act on 奉行,按照…行动;act as 扮演;act for 代理21. adapt oneself to=adjust oneself to 使自己适应于22. adapt…for =make sth. suitable for a new need 改编, 改写以适应新的需要23. in addition =besides 此外, 又, 加之24. in addition to=as well as, besides, other than除…外25. adhere to =abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief 粘附; 坚持, 遵循26. adjacent=next to, close to 毗邻的, 临近的27. adjust..to =change slightly调节; 适应;28. admit of =be capable of, leave room for …的可能,留有…的余地29. in advance before in time 预告, 事先30. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地31. have an advantage over 胜过have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb. 知道某人所不知道的事32. take advantage of =make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness利用33. agree with 赞同某人意见 agree to 同意34. in agreement with 同意, 一致35. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…; ahead of time 提前36. in the air 1在空中,悬而未决 2在流传中37. above all =especially, most important of all 尤其是, 最重要的38. in all =counting everyone or everything, altogether 总共, 总计39. after all 毕竟,到底;1 not at all 一点也不;2 all at once=suddenly突然;3 once and for all 只此一次;4 above all 最重要的;5 first of all 首先;6 all in all 大体上说;7 be all in 累极了;8 all but 几乎40. allow for =take into consideration, take into account 考虑到, 估计到41. amount to =to be equal to 总计, 等于42. answer for undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for 对…负责43. answer to =conform to 适合,符合44. be anxious about 为…焦急不安45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力47. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请;apply for申请;48. apply to 与…有关;适用49. approve of =consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right 赞成50. arise from=be caused by 由…引起with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....英语四级作文万能句85句1.随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________;to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而,对于此类问题,人们持不同的看法;Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法 society develops, people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展,人们开始关注............are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性;to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it..关于是否值得___________的问题,一直以来争论不休;当然,不同的人对此可能持不同的观点;the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中,我们往往会陷入困境;the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近,这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注,有人开始担心______________;human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段,经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快,随之给我们带来了很多问题;9....... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse"_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题,这是无可厚非的;不过,问题是:"我们该如何抉择"we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同;controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注;不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同;asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________;as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说,"";不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的;this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点;is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________;it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as …..提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________;is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There who criticize ..argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...目前,_______问题争议较大;批判_______的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_______的人则认为_________;people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________;people claim that...很多人认为_____________;people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages disadvantages有些人认为________有很多有利之处不利之处;who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展;people advocate that ....有些人在坚持认为_________;hold that ...他们认为_________;, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons grounds坚持认为______的人也有其说法依据;who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖;who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_______的人有很多原因;people would claim that...有人会认为___________;who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________;others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______;观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,set forth, put forward等;on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________;people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________;, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法;问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等;, some others argue that...然而,另一些人则认为_________;, there are also some others who contend that...然而,也有人认为__________other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点;people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题;the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________;to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________;, I side with the latter former opinion...就我个人而言,我支持后者前者___________;, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法;my point of view我认为my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacksdisadvantages, shortcomings我认为,优点胜过缺点;my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________;far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来,我较同意后一种观点;a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即________________________;asked to make a decision, I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________;49. I have nothing against something. But …我并不反对某事,但…50. I think it’s time we put a stop to something.我认为是我们停止某事的时候了;it’s time that 后的从句要用虚拟,既should+动词原形51. I find the statement of … to be too narrow.我觉得…的观点过于狭隘;52. I can tell you from experience that …凭我的经验可以告诉你…53. Personally, I am standing on the side of …就个人而言,我站在…的一边;54. Although doing something might seem a wild idea, I believe that …虽然做某事似乎狂妄,但我相信…55. At an individual level, I feel that …从我个人的角度出发,我觉得…56. I sincerely believe that …我真诚地相信…57. But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way.至于我,我宁愿以乐观的态度来看待这一问题;58. But I do not think that this view can hold water.但我并不认为这一观点能站得住脚;59. It is not half so important to do something as it is to do something.和做某事相比,做某事的重要性连一半都不及;60. There are some people who hold that …. And on the other hand, there are some other people whoargue that…. Both opinions are very popular…. But I cannot accept either view.有一些人认为…,然而还有另外一些人认为…;上述两种观点都很流行,但我两种观点都不能接受;61. Although many people believe that …, I doubt whether the argument bears further analysis.虽然有许多人相信…,但我怀疑这个论点能否经得起进一步的推敲;62. In my opinion, it is more advisable to do something than to do something.在我看来,做…比做…更明智;63. In the nationwide discussion, many people suggest that …. But I argue that …在全国范围内的讨论中,许多人提出…;但我却认为…该句suggest 引导的从句应用虚拟;64. As opposed to widely held belief, I believe that …与普遍接受的看法不同,我认为…65. From a personal perspective, I also prefer to …从个人的角度来看,我也喜欢…66. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose to …最后,坦白地讲,我选择…67. Some people think that …. To be frank, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 一些人认为…,坦白地讲,我不赞同他们的观点,理由如下:68. The situation is not rare. It is one of many examples I have encountered.这种情景并不少见,它也是我遇到的许多情况之一;69. 37 There is another reason why I cast my preference for …我倾向于…还有另外一个原因;70. As for me, I am on the latter part of the argument. The reasons are as follows.至于我,我支持争论的后半部分;原因如下:71. From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理;72. The following reasons can account for my inclination.如下的原因可解释我的倾向;73. To make myself as plain as I can, I should give my standards for …为使我的观点更加清楚,我给出我关于…的标准;74. I disbelieve, and therefore strongly resent, the claim that …我不相信,因此强烈反对,这一主张,即…75. My final and perhaps my best reason for not doing something is …我不做某事最终的,或许最好的理由是…76. For the same reason, it matters to me that …同样原因,我很在乎…77. For these reason, I recommend that …出于这些原因,我推荐/建议… recommend做建议讲时,接从句要用虚拟,即谓语用should+动词原形78. My answer is that …. I have several reasons, and they’re good ones. The first is the one that …我的回答是…;我有几个理由而且它们是很充分的理由;第一个是…79. My view is that …我的观点是…80. Like almost everybody else, I believe that …正如几乎所有人一样,我相信…81. I just don’t get excited over the idea of …我对…主张并不感到激动;82. I’m not entirely convinced of …我并不完全信服…83. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …我无法完全同意这一观点…84. I’m not suggesting that …我并不是建议…该句中suggest做建议讲要用虚拟,即should+动词原形85. I do not choose to … merely because I feel that …我没有选择…知识因为我觉得…。
四级英语写作高级词汇
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四级英语写作高级词汇四级英语写作高级词汇引导语:用比较高级的词汇能够为我们的作文增色不少。
其实在我们写英语作文的时候,只要脑容量中记住一些四级英语写作的高级词汇,并且懂得运用,那么大家写出一个质量上乘的文章是很简单的。
下面就是YJBYS的店铺为大家整理的一些四级英语写作高级词汇。
希望大家都能在考试中发挥出最棒的水平!1、可替换good:Excellent adj. 卓越的:It's excellent to see you. 遇到你真好。
Superior adj. 优秀的:He is said to be of very superior intelligence. 大家都说他智力出众。
Fantastic adj. 极好的:College life is fantastic. 大学生活丰富多彩。
Extraordinary adj. 非凡的:To be an excellent student requires extraordinary patience and endurance. 要成为一个优秀的学生需要非凡的'耐心和毅力。
2、可替换bad:Awful adj. 糟糕的:Even if the weather's awful, I still want to have a picnic. 即使天气很差,我也想去野炊。
Terrible adj. 糟糕的:Prison life was terrible. 监狱生活很可怕。
Painful adj. 难受的:Studying is a painful process, but its fruit is sweet. 学习是一个痛苦的过程,但是它的果实却很甘甜。
Dreadful adj. 糟糕透顶的:Pollution is dreadful. 污染严重。
3、可替换big:Great adj. 很大的:Great change happens to China. 中国发生了巨大的变化。
英语四级写作必背词汇及必备万能句型精编版
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英语四级写作必背词汇及必备万能句型文件编码(008-TTIG-UTITD-GKBTT-PUUTI-WYTUI-8256)英语四级写作必背词汇及必备万能句型四级作文必备词组50个1. at the thought of一想到…2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解6. Without accident(=safely) 安全地7. of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…不一致9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据11. on one's own account1) 为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益2) (=at one's own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己12. take…into account(=consider)把.....考虑进去13. give sb. an account of 说明,解释 (理由)14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释,说明15. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于19. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉20. act on 奉行,按照…行动;act as 扮演;act for 代理21. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于22. adapt…(for) (=make sth. suitable for a new need) 改编,改写(以适应新的需要)23. in addition (=besides) 此外,又,加之24. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持,遵循26. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的,临近的27. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能,留有…的余地29. in advance (before in time) 预告,事先30. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地31. have an advantage over 胜过have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件have the advantage of sb. 知道某人所不知道的事32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用33. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意34. in agreement (with) 同意,一致35. ahead of 在…之前,超过…; ahead of time 提前36. in the air 1)在空中,悬而未决 2)在流传中37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是,最重要的38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共,总计39. after all 毕竟,到底;1) (not) at all 一点也不;2) all at once(=suddenly)突然;3) once and for all 只此一次;4) above all 最重要的;5) first of all 首先;6) all in all 大体上说;7) be all in 累极了;8) all but 几乎40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到,估计到41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计,等于42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责43. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合44. be anxious about 为…焦急不安45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力47. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请;apply for申请;48. apply to 与…有关;适用49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成50. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....英语四级作文万能句85句1.随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________。
英语专业四级写作常用话题的必备词汇
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英语专业四级写作常用话题的必备词汇(5)三字经 three-character scripture散户 retail / private investor桑那浴 sauna"扫黄"、"打非" eliminate pornography and illegal publications扫尾工作 round-off work; wind-up work杀手锏 sudden thrust of the mace--one's trump or master card沙尘暴sand storm; dust storm山不在高,有仙则名;No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy;三八线 38th Parallel三步走战略 the three-step development strategy三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work(integrating theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-criticism)"三个代表" "threerepresents" theory (The Party should always represent the development needs ofChina's advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward directionof China's advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)三个有利于"three favorables" (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms三好学生 meritstudent; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)"三讲"教育(讲学习、讲政治、讲正气)"three emphases" education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)三角恋爱 love triangle三角债 chain debt三来一补企业<SPAN lang=EN-US> the enterprises that process raw materials on clients' demands assemble parts for the clients and process according to the clients' samples; or engage in compensation trade.三连冠 three successive championships三民主义 the Three People'sPrinciples (Nationalism, Democracy and the People's Livelihood) put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty. / At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself三通 three direct links of trade, mail, and airand shipping services across the Taiwan Straits三通一平<SPANlang=EN-US> "three supplies and one leveling"; supply of water, electricity and road and leveled ground (conditions ready for further economic development)三维电影 three-dimensional movie三维动画片 three-dimensional animation三无企业<SPANlang=EN-US> three-no-enterprises (It refers to enterprises with no capital, no plant, and no administrative structure.)三下乡 aprogram under which officials, doctors, scientist and college students go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical service to farmers三资企业 three kinds offoreign-invested enterprises or ventures: Sino-foreign jointventures(中外合资企业), cooperative businesses(中外合作企业) and exclusively foreign-owned enterprises inChina(外商独资企业)《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing商品条码 bar code上山下乡 (of educated urban youth) go and work inthe countryside or mountain areas上市 to be listed上网 to get on the Internet上有天堂,下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven,ther are Suzhou and Hangzou on earth.少数服从多数、下级服从上级、局部服从全体、全党服从中央 the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part tothe whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee style="mso-special-character: line-break">style="mso-special-character: line-break">。
四级英语常考词汇
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以下是一些常见的四级英语考试词汇:1. Abandon - 放弃2. Achieve - 实现3. Analysis - 分析4. Approach - 方法5. Benefit - 好处6. Challenge - 挑战7. Comprehend - 理解8. Contribute - 贡献9. Decline - 下降10. Demonstrate - 展示11. Efficient - 高效的12. Evaluate - 评估13. Expand - 扩展14. Factor - 因素15. Global - 全球的16. Impact - 影响17. Improve - 改善18. Independent - 独立的19. Interpret - 解释20. Issue - 问题21. Knowledge - 知识22. Maintain - 维持23. Objective - 客观的24. Participate - 参与25. Potential - 潜力26. Qualify - 胜任27. Recognize - 认识到28. Relevant - 相关的29. Resource - 资源30. Significant - 重要的31. Strategy - 战略32. Sufficient - 足够的33. Survey - 调查34. Technique - 技巧35. Theory - 理论36. Transform - 转变37. Unique - 独特的38. Utilize - 利用39. Variable - 可变的40. Visual - 视觉的这只是一些常见的词汇,建议你在备考时广泛积累更多词汇,并结合具体语境进行学习和练习。
同时,还要注意掌握它们的用法和搭配,这样才能更好地运用到写作和阅读理解中。
祝你考试顺利!。
英语四级分题型核心词汇——写作词汇
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四级分题型核心词汇——写作词汇a time filler 消磨时间的事物a valuable experience 宝贵的经历a variety of 多种的a waste of time and resources 浪费时间和资源a wide range of 大范围的,各式各样的abandon oneself to 沉溺于absorb the quintessence吸取精华academic performance 学习表现academic pressure 学业压力accumulate v.堆积addictive a.上瘾的admission charge 入场费admission fee 门票费advocate v.提倡aesthetic a.美学的affect v./n.影响aim at 针对allow v.允许alluring a.吸引人的an example to是···的榜样an increasing number of 越来越多的approach n.方法artistic value 艺术价值as a result 结果as far as l am concerned 就我而言assume responsibility 承担责任authoritative a.权威的available a.可获得的backbone n.脊骨;支柱,基础be aware of意识到be dumped into 被倒进,被丢进be obsessed with 沉迷于be out of line with practice 不切实际be passed down 传递be related to 与···相关be wasteful with 浪费bear the pressure 承受压力bear...in mind 牢记build on 建立在···之上bury v.埋葬by means of 通过···的方式call upon 号召campus n.校园cancel v.取消carbon emission 碳排放carbon imprint 碳足迹carelessness n.粗心celebrated a.著名的cherish v.珍视,珍爱civilization n.文明;文明社会club n.俱乐部commercial n.商业广告compare to 与···相比comprehensive a.全面的consequence n.结果contribute v.贡献cope with 应付costume n.服装course n.课程cradle of culture 文化摇篮cross-talk n.相声cultivate v.培养,养成damage v.破坏damage environment 破坏环境deal with 处理degrade v.降解depredate v.掠夺;破坏detract v.转移development of personality个性发展discontinue one's studying 辍学disposable plastic bag 一次性塑料袋diversify v.(使)多样化efficiency n.功率,功效elective n.选修课enlarge v.增长;扩大environmental awareness环保意识environmental pollution 环境污染error n.错误exam n.考试opening time 开馆时间fail v.失败,未能做到fail to 不能flow n.泛滥focus on 集中于folk art 民间艺术for free 免费forthcoming exhibition 即将进行的展出foster v.培养free of charge 免费freedom n.自由get caught up in 着迷于get involved in 参与get together with 与···相聚give a break 休息give sb. freedom in doing sth.给某人做某事的自由great and profound 博大精深的have a vision 有愿景healthful a.有益健康的highlight n.最精彩的部分historic relics 历史文物hold the idea 认为humanity n.人性ignore v.忽略immortal a.不朽的in addition 另外in my opinion 在我看来in recent years 近年来in the light of 考虑到,鉴于independent a.独立的indigenous a.本土的induce v.劝诱industrial waste 工业废料innovate v.创新inspire v.鼓舞instruction n. 指导intolerable a.无法忍受的irresponsible a.不负责任的it is not wise for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做···是不明智的key parts of关键部分kill time 消磨时间landfill n.垃圾场laziness n.懒惰learn about 学习leave with 给···留下limited a.有限的low-energy light bulb节能灯泡lure v.引诱major n.专业make a mistake 犯错误make decision做决定matter v.要紧,有关系memorialize v.纪念messy a.肮脏的misleading a.引入歧途的;误导的modern age 当代modern society 现代社会negative a.消极的objective a.客观的occupy v.占用of great importance非常重要的of little weight or importance 不重要的old-fashioned a.过时的once in a while偶尔,有时one-sided a.片面的ongoing a.正在进行的open-minded a.思想开放的out of fashion 不流行的out-of-date a.过时的overdo v.做得过火,夸张over-protective a.过分溺爱孩子的pay attention to 注意penalize v.惩罚physically ad.身体上地play an active role 发挥积极作用point out 指出positive a.积极的potentially 潜在地practical capability 实际能力pressure n.压力prevail v.盛行;占上风preventive a.预防性的problem n.问题pros and cons 利弊punishment n. 惩罚pursue v.追求quality-oriented education 素质教育quiz n.测试raise...cultural level 提高文化水平realization n.实现recognize v.认识到reconstruct v.重建,改造recreational activity娱乐活动reform n./v.改革refrain v.自制,节制resist the temptation 抵制诱惑resource exhaustion资源枯竭responsibility n. 责任restrain v.抑制reveal v.出现revel in 沉迷于rewarding a.值得的rigid a.严格的sacrifice v.牺牲,献身save energy 节约能源screw...up把...搞砸self-control n.自控(能力)self-discipline n.自律set off fireworks 放烟花sewage purification 污水净化sewage treatment 污水处理shelter n./v.遮蔽;保护shopping trip购物之旅shortage of natural resources 自然资源短缺significant a.重要的skip class 逃课source n.源头spelling n.拼写spirit n.精神splendid a.壮丽的spread n./v.传播spring n.泉水squeeze time 挤时间store food 存储食物strength n.优点strict a.严格的successful a.成功的sustainable development 可持续发展take advantage of 利用take effective measure 采取有效措施take over 接管;接替take pride in 以···为荣take up 占用task n.任务the focus of attention 关注的焦点throw out 扔掉ticket office 售票处time-consuming a.消耗时间的tradition n.传统traditional culture 传统文化training n.训练;练习transform v.转换transmit v.传播trash bag 垃圾袋treasure n.财富,财产trifling a.微不足道的unfortunately ad.不幸地utilize v.利用value v.重视vocabulary n.词汇wallow in 沉湎于waste disposal 废物处理white pollution 白色污染wile away the time 消磨时间wisdom n. 智慧。
20XX年6月大学英语四级冲刺:写作词汇(四)
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20XX年6月大学英语四级冲刺:写作词汇(四)20XX年6月大学英语四级冲刺:写作词汇(四)热情的passionate; ardent; zealous模糊的ambiguous; vague; obscure影响长远的far-reaching失望despair; loss of hope; without hope幼稚childish; childlike; na飗e挑剔的picky; choosy; fastidious破坏destroy; ruin; break to pieces; devasate技巧的skillful; adept; dexterous警觉的alert; watchful; on guard; wary of忍受bear; put up with; endure; stand证据evidence; facts; proof; grounds; testimony很容易地easily; with little problem;with little hindrance令人惊讶的amazing; astonishing; astounding生动的报导vivid description争取compete for; try hard to win遗产heritage; legacy; inheritance保护protect; safeguard; preserve; shelter了解understand; comprehend; catch the meaning of; catch on汇露reveal; make known; disclose放大amplify; magnify; enlarge动力impetus; driving force; momentum自满的complacent第一流的first-rate; excellent安全处refuge; asylum; haven; sanctuary强调emphasize; stress; highlight短视的决定short-sighted decision真正的genuine; authentic; real怪异的eccentric; peculiar; odd明显的distinct; clear; explicit; obvious得到…的注意capture one’s attention事事干涉的meddlesome; interfering背景setting; background假的fake; false; counterfeit夸大报导dramatize退步setback古人the ancients古老的old; ancient; archaeic逃犯infringe (on); violate使害怕intimidate; frighten带来生气enliven对手rival吸引人的intriguing旁观者onlooker准确地说to be exact; to be precise; precisely突然醒悟it dawned on me that仔细思考之后after long deliberation; after careful thought对比及其相关用词可互换的interchangeable可与…相比is comparable with (to) 普遍的prevailing; common; prevalent是一个对比is a sharp contrast to比作is likened to; is compared to多样化的heterogeneous单一性的homogeneous一般而言in general; generally speaking; by and large满于现状be happy with what you are预测未来project into the future另一个观点是… another way of looking at the matter is…不宜取笑… it is not decent to make fun of…评估社会文化因素 assess (evaluate) sociocultural factors那并非说… that does not mean that…那有这回事 there is no such thing as一个有待克服的困难是… a majorhurdle for us to overcome is…由…造成 caused by; attributable to; due to; resulting from由…组成is made up of…; is comprised of; consist必须从两方面考虑此问题this problem needs to be considered on two dimensions: 限制limit; restrict; refrain; restrain; keep within limits; confine; keep in check一般人认为… conventional wisdom suggests that…这方法有陷阱the method had pitfalls:说服convince; persuade; cause to believe具体的specific; concrete; tangible刻意的intentional; on purpose; intended费时间去了解…take time to acquaint oneself with……是此问题的核心…is at the root of the issue无法估计is beyond calculation; incalculable无资格的disqualifiedmakes perfect. 熟能生巧。
英语四级4000必考词汇
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英语四级4000必考词汇英语四级考试中,必考的4000个词汇,是每个考生必须掌握的基础词汇。
下面是中文翻译,希望能对你有所帮助。
1. abandon - v. 放弃,抛弃2. ability - n. 能力,才能3. able - adj. 能够,有能力的4. abnormal - adj. 不正常的,变态的5. aboard - adv. 在船(车,飞机)上6. abolish - v. 废除,废止7. abort - v. 中止,终止8. abound - v. 充满,富于9. about - prep. 关于,大约10. above - prep. 在...上方11. abroad - adv. 在国外,到国外12. abrupt - adj. 突然的,唐突的13. absence - n. 缺席,不存在14. absolute - adj. 绝对的,完全的15. absorb - v. 吸收,吸引16. abstract - adj. 抽象的,理论的17. absurd - adj. 荒谬的,可笑的18. abundance - n. 丰富,充足19. abuse - v. 滥用,虐待20. academic - adj. 学术的,学院的21. accelerate - v. 加速,增加速度22. accent - n. 口音,重音23. accept - v. 接受,同意24. access - n. 进入,接近25. accessory - n. 配件,附件26. accident - n. 事故27. acclaim - v. 喝彩,称赞28. accommodate - v. 容纳,适应29. accompany - v. 陪同,伴随30. accomplish - v. 完成,实现......(以下是接下来的词汇,仅摘录部分)2701. uncle - n. 叔叔,舅舅2702. uncomfortable - adj. 不舒服的,不自在的2703. undergo - v. 经历,遭受2704. underground - adj. 地下的,秘密的2705. underestimate - v. 低估,看轻2706. undergraduate - n. 本科生2707. underlying - adj. 潜在的,根本的2708. underneath - prep. 在...下面,地下2709. understand - v. 理解,懂得2710. undertake - v. 承担,从事2711. unemployed - adj. 失业的2712. unexpected - adj. 意外的,预料之外的2713. unhappy - adj. 不快乐的,不幸福的2714. uniform - n. 制服,制服的2715. unique - adj. 独特的,独一无二的2716. unit - n. 单位,部件2717. unity - n. 统一,团结2718. universal - adj. 普遍的,全世界的2719. university - n. 大学2720. unknown - adj. 未知的,不熟悉的......(以下是接下来的词汇,仅摘录部分)3981. work - v. 工作,操作3982. worker - n. 工人,工作者3983. world - n. 世界3984. worry - v. 担忧,烦恼3985. worship - v. 崇拜,敬3986. worth - n. 价值,财产3987. worthy - adj. 有价值的,值得的3988. wound - n. 伤口,创伤3989. wrap - v. 包,缠绕3990. wreck - n. 失事,残骸3991. wrestle - v. 摔跤,搏斗3992. wrist - n. 腕,腕关节3993. write - v. 写,写作3994. wrong - adj. 错误的,不对的3995. yard - n. 院子,码3996. year - n. 年,年度3997. yellow - adj. 黄色的3998. yes - adv. 是的,是啊3999. yesterday - n. 昨天4000. yield - v. 屈服,让步以上是英语四级考试中必考的4000个词汇的中文翻译。
大学英语四级写作必看 高级词汇替换
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大学英语四级写作必看高级词汇替换单词1.important=crucial(extremely important), significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra),plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) 4.stick=adhere,cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it.FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail) 9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by onlya few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) 13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way) 14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings,FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid) plain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical(very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferingsless intense or severe) 20.force=coerce sb into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to), compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than itreally is) plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details) 23.lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her) 24.small=minuscule(very small), minute25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts) 28.poor(soil)=barren,infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically) 30.show=demonstrate(to demonstrate afact means tp make it clear to people.) 31.big=massive(large in size,quantity, or extent), colossol(use this word, you emphasize something is large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoidthat something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail(attackviolently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extentfor moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)36.ruin=devastate(it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.) 37.disaster=catastrophe(a catastrophe is an unexpectedevent that cause great suffering and damages)38.finally=eventually(espcially after a lot of delays),ultimately(after complicated series of events) 39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes),immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly),astound(surprise you to a large degree), astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sinere and enthusiasm) 43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive) 46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating) 47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL) 48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous,especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of) 56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.based on=derived from59.remarkable=conspicuous(if something is conspicuous, people cansee or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot) 66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typicalexample of something) 70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible) 71.ability=capacity,capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e=utilize(the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.) 76.satisfy=gratify(if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction) 77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time) 78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describle an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattracitve) 82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things) 84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in awild and uncontrolled way) 86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION:meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(a way of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successfulin their career) 95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved) 98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent(does not happen often)100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)短语101.in my opinion=from my perspective102.very much=a great deal103.for example=to give a demonstration104.however=as a matter of fact, it is the other way around105.agree with=uphold(support and maintain)106.be full of=be saturated with(be filled with sth completely)107.by=via108.according to=in the light of109.when it comes to=in terms of110.from a XXX perspective=in XXX sense111.find a job=land a jobtest=up to date113.achieve a goal=attain an accomplishment114.at the same time=simultaneously115.at the start of=on the threshold of116.certainly=to a certain extent117.with doubt=indubitably118.in XXX means=via XXX avenue119.disagree with=be the last one to uphold120.as fast as=apace with单词121.awful=nauseous(if something makes you nauseous, you want to vomit) ck=scarcity(if there is a scarcity of something, there is not enough of it for people) 123.suddenly=abruptly(very sudden and often unpleasant)124.agree=espouse(the same as agree with)125.immortal=eternal(something that is eternal can last forever) 126.gigantic=enormous(very large in size or amount)127.horrible=macabre(strange and horrible or upsetting)128.generous=munificient(very genrous, FORMAL)129.advantage=merit(if something has merit, it has good orworthwhile qualities) 130.happy=jovial(if someone is jovial, s/he is happy and behaves in a cheerful way) 131.sad=inconsolable(extremely sad and cannot be comforted)132.brave=gallant(if someone is gallant, s/he behaves bravely)133.disappear=vanish(ATTENTION:vanish means disappear suddenly or in a way cannot be explained)134.difference=divergence(a divergence is a difference between twoor more things, opinions or attitudes)135.repeat=iterate136.effective=efficacious(the same as effective, FORMAL)137.dishonest=mendacious(a mendacious person is someone who lies) 138.talkative=loquacious(if someone is loquacious, s/he talk a great deal) 139.think over=contemplate(think carefully), ruminate on(think carefully) 140.tendency=vogue(in vogue means very popular) 141.protect from=shield from(the same as protect from)zy=slothful(lazy and unwilling to make an effort to work), indolent(lazy, FORMAL) 143.limited=finite(something that is finite has a definite fixed size or amount) 144.disadvantage=defect(a fault orimperfection in a person or thing) eless/in vain=futile(ATTENTION: if you say something is futile, you mean there is no point of doing, usually it has no chance of succeeding)146.undeniable=there is no gainsaying(FORMAL)147.potential=latent(used to describe something hidden or notobvious at the moment, but which can develop further in the future) 148.harmful=baneful149.daring=audacious(someone who is audacious takes risk to achieve something) 150.talent=aptitude(someone's aptitude for a particular kind of work or activity is his/her ability to learn it quickly and to do it well)151.waste=dissipate(dissipate means waste money, time or effort in a foolish way) 152.obstacle=stumbling block153.many=a multitude of, a myriads of154.good=superb(if something is superb, its quality is very good indeed) 155.random=haphazard156.behave=conduct(if you conduct yourseld in a particular way, you behave in that way) 157.kind of=sort of158.loyalty=fidelity(fidelity is loyalty to a person, or organization, or set of beliefs) 159.embarrassing=awkward(an awkward situation is embarrassing and difficult to deal with)160.building=edifice(ATTENTION: an edifice is a large and impressive building) 161.unendurable=unsufferable(if you say something isunsufferable, you are emphasizing that it is very unpleasant and annoying)162.undoubtedly=as no doubt163.although=albeit(the same as although)164.unwilling=grudging(a grudging feeling or action is felt or done very unwillingly) 165.hardly=scarcely(you use scarcely to say that something is not true or is not the case, in a humorous or critical way) 166.courage=nerve(nerve is the courage you need in order to do something difficult or dangerous)167.generally=as a rule168.understand=discern(if you can discern something, you are awareof it and know what it is) 169.obviously=transparently(easily understand or recognize)170.define as=address as。
英语四级阅读写作【课余活动类】热点词汇
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英语四级阅读写作【课余活动类】热点词汇1. extracurricular activities [ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjʊlə(r) ækˈtɪvɪtiz] 课外活动extracurricular [ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjʊlə] adj.课外的;工作之余的2. live outside campus [lɪv ˌaʊtˈsaɪd ˈkæmpəs]住在校外campus [ˈkæmpəs] n.校园;(大学、学院的)校区3. student union [ˈstjuːdnt ˈjuːniən]n.(大学或学院的)学生会;(大学的)学生活动中心union [ˈjuːniən] n.协会;联合会;会社;俱乐部;同盟;联盟;联邦4. association [əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn]n.协会;社团;联盟;联合;合伙;关联;交往;联想;联系;因果关系5. appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt]n.约会;任命;预约;委任;约定;职务;职位6. meeting [ˈmiːtɪŋ] meet的现在分词n.会议;集会;(统称)与会者;会面;集合;运动会v.相遇;相逢;遇见;开会;会晤;(与…)会面;集合7. volunteer [ˌvɒlənˈtɪə]n.志愿者;义务工作者;自告奋勇者;主动做某事的人;志愿兵;义勇兵 v.自愿做;义务做;无偿做;主动建议adj.志愿的;志愿兵的;自动的;自生的8. team building [ˈtiːm bɪldɪŋ]团队建设9. conference [ˈkɒnfərəns]n.会议;研讨会;(正式)讨论会;商讨会;体育协会10. party [ˈpɑːti]n.聚会;宴会;政党;党派;联欢会;派对vi.吃喝玩乐adj.党派的;社交的11. assembly [əˈsembli]n.装配;集会;议会;集会者;(全校师生的)晨会12. lecture [ˈlektʃə]n.演讲;(通常指大学里的)讲座;讲课v.(尤指在大学里)开讲座;讲授;讲课;(尤指恼人地)指责;告诫13. self-employment [ˌself ɪmˈplɔɪmənt]自主创业employment [ɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n工作;职业;受雇;就业;雇用;使用14. social practice [ˈsəʊʃl ˈpræktɪs]社会实践;社会实践活动15. take an active part in [teɪk ən ˈæktɪv pɑːt ɪn]积极参与;积极参加active [ˈæktɪv] adj.忙碌的,活跃的;积极的;定期进行的;起作用的 n.主动语态16. public benefit activities [ˈpʌblɪk ˈbenɪfɪt ækˈtɪvɪtiz]公益活动;公共利益活动法benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n.利益;益处;优势;成效;福利费;奖金;保险金17. hear from [hɪə(r) frəm]听到…消息;收到…的信,得到…的消息;听,收听18. get along [/ɡet əˈlɒŋ](与…)和睦相处,相处融洽;进展,发展19. be angry at [bi ˈæŋɡri æt]对…生气;对…发怒20. get in touch with [ɡet ɪn tʌtʃ wɪð]和…联系21. nervous [ˈnɜːvəs]adj.焦虑的;神经质的;担忧的;惶恐的;胆怯的22. contest [ˈkɒntest]n.竞赛;比赛;(控制权或权力的)争夺,竞争vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等);争辩;就…提出异议23. contestant [kənˈtestənt]n.比赛者;竞争者24. a large audience [ə lɑːdʒˈɔːdiəns]大批观众;许多观众audience [ˈɔːdiəns] n.观众;听众;读者;(与要人的)会见25. shaking all over [ˈʃeɪkɪŋɔːl ˈəʊvə(r)]浑身发抖shaking [ˈʃeɪkɪŋ] shake的现在分词n.摇动;抖动;颤动v.摇动;抖动;(使)颤动;摇(出);抖(掉);摇头26. not a big deal [nɒt ə bɪɡ diːl]没什么大不了deal [diːl] v.处理;惩处;对付;有关联;论述,讨论;谈到n.协议;大量;很多;交易;待遇27. challenge oneself [tʃælɪndʒ wʌnˈself]挑战自我challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] n.挑战;艰巨任务;挑战书;(比赛等的)邀请;提出异议 vt.对…怀疑(或质疑);拒绝接受;向(某人)挑战28. focus of discussion [ˈfəʊkəs ɒv dɪˈskʌʃn]讨论的焦点focus [ˈfəʊkəs] v.集中(注意力、精力等于);(使)调节焦距;聚焦(于)n.中心点(指人或事物);焦距,调焦;焦点,源discussion [dɪˈskʌʃn] n.讨论;商讨;详述;论述29. opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti]n.机会;时机30. calm [kɑːm]adj.平静的;镇静的;沉着的;风平浪静的;无风的vt.使平静;使镇静n.平静的时期;宁静的状态;泰然自若31. calmly [ˈkɑːmli]adv.镇定自若地;镇静地32. acclaimed [əˈkleɪmd] acclaim的过去分词和过去式v.称誉某人(事物)(为…);给予高度评价adj.受到赞扬的;备受推崇的;广受欢迎的33. introduce oneself to [ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs wʌnˈself tu]自我介绍introduce [ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs] vi.介绍;引见;主持;使尝试;推行;引进;作为…的开头34. extemporize [ɪkˈstempəraɪz]vi.即席发言;即兴表演35. eloquent [ˈeləkwənt]adj.雄辩的;有口才的;流利的;传神的36. rostrum [ˈrɒstrəm]n.主席台;讲坛;指挥台;领奖台37. forum [ˈfɔːrəm]n.论坛;公共讨论场所;讨论会38. oration [ɔːˈreɪʃn]n.演说;致辞(尤指作为仪式的一部分)39. discourse [ˈdɪskɔːs]n.论文;演讲;语篇;话语v.讲述,著述40. enroll [ɪnˈrəʊl]v.注册;登记;报告;服役;编入;清单;吸收(成员),加入;写下41. organizational activities [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənl ækˈtɪvɪtiz]组织活动organizational [ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənl] adj.组织的;安排的;筹备的;机构的42. preparatory committee [prɪˈpærətri kəˈmɪti]筹备委员会;准备委员会preparatory [prɪˈpærətri] adj.准备的,筹备的,预备的;引导性的,作为开始的 n.大学预科;私立预科学校adv.作为准备committee [kəˈmɪti] n.委员会43. at regular intervals [æt ˈreɡjələ(r) ˈɪntəvəlz]定期;每隔一定时间(距离)regular [ˈreɡjələ] adj.定时的,定期的;固定的;有规律的,规则的;常规的interval [ˈɪntəvl] n.间隔;(时间上的)间隙;间歇;幕间休息;休息时间44. speech contest [spiːtʃ ˈkɒntest]演讲比赛;英语演讲比赛;讲演比赛speech [spiːtʃ] n.演讲;讲话;演说;发言;说话的能力;说话方式;口语45. chairman [ˈtʃeəmən]n.主席;(会议的)主持人;(委员会的)委员长;(公司等的)董事长vt.担任…的主席46. participant [pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt]n.参与者;参加者adj.参加的47. secretary [ˈsekrətri]n.秘书;(俱乐部、社团等的)干事,文书;部长;大臣;助理48. campaign manager [kæmˈpeɪn ˈmænɪdʒə(r)]活动负责人;营销活动经理campaign [kæmˈpeɪn] n.运动(为社会、商业目的而进行的有计划的活动);战役 vi.参加运动,领导运动49. election campaign [ɪˈlekʃn kæmˈpeɪn]竞选活动50. conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt ]n.争执;争论;(军事)冲突;战斗;抵触;矛盾;不一致vi.(两种思想、信仰、说法等)冲突,抵触51. vote [vəʊt]n.选票;票;投票;选举;表决;投票总数;选票总数;投票权,选举权,表决权v.投票(赞成/反对);表决(支持/不支持);选举;选出;投票同意;提议52. ballot [ˈbælət]n.投票;选票;(无记名)投票选举;(选举中的)投票总数v.要求某人(对某事)无记名投票;进行无记名投票53. candidate [ˈkændɪdət]n.候选人;(竞选或求职的)申请人;投考者;应试者;参加考试的人;被认定适合者54. run for [rʌn fɔː(r)]去叫… ;做…的候选人55. fair competition [feə(r) ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]公平竞争;正当竞争competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n.竞争;角逐;比赛;竞赛;竞争者;对手56. devote to [dɪˈvəʊt tu]把…专用于,完全用于(某事或做某事);致力于…devote [dɪˈvəʊt] v.致力于;献(身);奉献,投入(时间、精力等)57. prize [praɪz]n.奖;奖赏;奖励;奖品;奖金;难能可贵的事物;难以争取的重要事物adj.好得足以得奖的;应获奖的;优秀的;典范性的;出类拔萃的vt.珍视;高度重视58. elect [ɪˈlekt]v.选举;推选;选择,决定(做某事)adj.(用于名词后)当选而尚未就职的,候任的n.被选的人59. enter into an election contest [ˈentə(r) ˈɪntəən ɪˈlekʃn ˈkɒntest] (参加)竞选contest [ˈkɒntest ] n.竞赛;比赛;(控制权或权力的)争夺,竞争vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等);争辩;就…提出异议60. candidacy [ˈkændɪdəsi]n.候选资格;候选人的资格(或身份)61. unanimously [ju(ː)ˈnænɪməsli]adv.全体一致地62. cooperation [kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.合作;协作;协助;配合63. assistance [əˈsɪstəns]n.帮助;援助;支持64. confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt]adj.自信的;有自信心的;肯定的;确信的;有把握的n.知己;心腹朋友65. experience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns]n.(由实践得来的)经验;经历;实践;阅历;(一次)经历,体验;传统vt.体验;经历;体会;感受;经受;遭受66. determined [dɪˈtɜːmɪnd] determine的过去分词和过去式adj.决心;决定;决意;坚定的;坚决的;果断的v.查明;测定;准确算出;决定;形成;支配;影响;确定;裁决;安排67. recruit [rɪˈkruːt]v.招募;吸收(新成员);征募(新兵);动员…(提供帮助);(通过招募)组成;组建n.新兵;新警员;新成员68. society [səˈsaɪəti]n.社会;学会;协会;社团;上流社会;相伴69. registration form [ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn fɔːm]登记表registration [ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn] n.登记;注册;挂号;登记文档;注册项目;点名70. membership application [ˈmembəʃɪp ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn]会员申请membership [ˈmembəʃɪp] n.会员;会员资格;成员资格;(统称)成员;会员人数71. applicant [ˈæplɪkənt]n.申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等)72. application form [æplɪˈkeɪʃn fɔːm]申请表application [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn] n.应用;申请;申请书;申请表;运用;涂抹;敷用;施用73. sign up for [saɪn ʌp fɔː(r)]报名参加;学生会报名;注册,选课74. enroll in [ɪnˈrəʊl ɪn]v.登记75. taste [teɪst]n.味道,滋味;味觉;体验,感受;鉴赏力,审美力;兴趣,爱好v.尝,品尝;尝起来;吃,喝;体验,领略,经历76. supervise [ˈsuːpəvaɪz]v.监督;管理;指导;主管77. group activity [ɡruːp ækˈtɪvəti]小组活动;团体活动;团队活动;分组活动78. organized [ˈɔːɡənaɪzd] organize的过去分词和过去式adj.有组织的;系统的;有条理的;有安排的;有效率的v.组织;筹备;安排;处理;分配;规划;管理;照料79. as planned [æz plænd]按计划;按原计划;按照计划前进80. preparatory activities [prɪˈpærətri ækˈtɪvɪtiz]筹备活动;准备活动;准备性活动81. learn from each other [lɜːn frəm iːtʃ ˈʌðə(r)]互相学习each other [ˌiːtʃˈʌðə(r)] prep.彼此,互相82. Lessons learned [ˈlɛsnz lɜːnd]经验教训;吸取的教训;汲取的教训;经验学习83. accumulate experience [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt ɪkˈspɪəriəns]积累经验accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt] v.积累;积聚;(数量)逐渐增加;(数额)逐渐增长84. using resources [ˈjuːzɪŋ rɪˈsɔːsɪz]使用资源;利用资源85. throw oneself into [θrəʊ wʌnˈself ˈɪntə]投身于;积极从事;参加86. physical activity [ˈfɪzɪkl ækˈtɪvəti]体育活动87. spare time [speə(r) taɪm]n.业余时间spare [speə] adj.不用的;闲置的;备用的;外加的;空闲的;空余的;瘦的vt.抽出;拨出;留出;匀出;省得;免去;饶恕;赦免;放过;使逃脱 n.备用品;备用轮胎88. institutional framework [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl ˈfreɪmwɜːk]n.组织机构;制度框架;体制institutional [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl] adj.机构的;慈善机构的framework [ˈfreɪmwɜːk] n.框架;构架;信仰;观点;准则;(体系的)结构;机制89. channel of information [ˈtʃænl ɒv ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn]信息渠道channel [ˈtʃænl] n.频道;渠道;电视台;波段;途径;系统;手段;水渠;水道;海峡 vt.为…引资;引导;贯注;输送资金,提供帮助;输送,传送90. elimination series [ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃn ˈsɪəriːz]淘汰赛elimination [ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃn] n.消除;消灭;淘汰;丢弃;略去;排泄废物series [ˈsɪəriːz] n.系列;连续;接连;系列节目;(两队之间的)系列比赛;串联91. cruel competition [ˈkruːəl ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]残酷的竞争cruel [ˈkruːəl] adj.残酷的;冷酷的;残忍的;残暴的;引起痛苦的;严格的vt.搞糟,使没有成功可能92. excellent performance [ˈeksələnt pəˈfɔːməns]出色表现;卓越性能;优异表现;卓越表现performance [pəˈfɔːməns] n.表演,演出;演技;表现;;履行;语言表现;举动adj.性能卓越的,高性能的93. tremendous [trəˈmendəs]adj.巨大的,极大的;极好的,精彩的,了不起的94. broad interests [brɔːd ˈɪntrəsts]广泛的兴趣broad [brɔːd] adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的;概括的;开阔的;明确的;粗俗滑稽的 n.(对女人的粗俗称呼)婆娘adv.宽广地;土腔十足地95. auditorium [ˌɔːdɪˈtɔːriəm]n.听众席,观众席;礼堂;会堂96. lecture theatre [ˈlektʃə θɪətə(r)]n.阶梯教室theatre [ˈθɪətə] n.剧院;剧场;戏剧;戏院;露天剧场;戏剧工作;剧作;演出97. bulletin (notice) board [ˈbʊlətɪn bɔːd]n.公告牌;布告栏98. daily schedule [ˈdeɪli ˈʃedjuːl]日程安排;日程表;作息时间;日常安排;每日时间表schedule [ˈʃedjuːl] n.工作计划;日程安排;节目表;一览表,明细表,清单vt.安排;为…安排时间;预定;列入,收进(99. cooperation and competition [/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn ənd ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]合作与竞争;合作竞争;竞争与合作cooperation [kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn] n.合作;协作;协助;配合competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn] n.竞争;角逐;比赛;竞赛;竞争者;对手100. instruction after class [ɪnˈstrʌkʃn ˈɑːftə(r) klɑːs]课外辅导instruction [ɪnˈstrʌkʃn] n.用法说明;操作指南;指示;命令;吩咐;指令;教授 adj.说明用法的;操作指南的101. campus radio [ˈkæmpəs ˈreɪdiəʊ]校园电台campus [ˈkæmpəs] n.校园;(大学、学院的)校区102. call together [kɔːl təˈɡeðə(r)]召集;使集合,聚集起来103. hold a meeting [həʊld ə ˈmiːtɪŋ]举行会议104. work-study program [wɜːk ˈstʌdi ˈprəʊɡræm]勤工俭学;勤工助学;半工半读105. part-time job [pɑːt taɪm dʒəʊb]兼职工作;非全日性工作,零星工作,兼职106. executive force [ɪɡˈzekjətɪv fɔːs]执行力executive [ɪɡˈzekjətɪv] n.总经理;经理,管理人员;行政领导,领导层;行政部门 adj.经营管理的;决策的;有执行权的;实施的;行政的107. a healthy diet [əˈhelθi ˈdaɪət]健康饮食;健康的饮食;健康的饮食习惯;一个健康的饮食;健康食谱diet [ˈdaɪət] n.日常饮食;特种饮食,规定饮食;日常大量接触的东西vt.让…按规定进食;用节食减轻;vi.进特种饮食,节食108. psychological adjustment [ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl əˈdʒʌstmənt]心理调适;心理调节;心理适应psychological [ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl] adj.心灵的;心理的;精神上的;心理学的adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt] n.调整;调节;(行为、思想的)调整,适应109. comprehensive quality [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv ˈkwɒləti]综合素质;全面素质;综合品质comprehensive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] n.综合中学adj.综合的;全部的;所有的;详尽的;综合性的。
英语四级词汇
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所以/因此:so, thus, therefore, thereby, thereupon, therein, hence; Consequently, accordingly
As a consequence, as a result of
4.表示转折关系:
but;even so;however;though;even though;Independent of; reckless of; regardless of;
more numerous;
make increasing use of;
(3) 表达,表示
Voice : ~ an opinion; State / put
Give voice to 吐露,发泄 eg, He gave voice to his opinions.
需要:need,require; request; demand; call for;
In urgent need of;
8. Your ideas are very good.
Good : constructive; helpful; valuable; useful; creative;
解释了,说明,是…的原因
Account for
Give reasons for /give evidence of
Illustrate /clarify/testify to (sth) /prove /turn out
Be responsible for: Several reasons are responsible for the phenomenon.
9. We must try our best to solve this problem.
四级写作主题词
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四级写作主题词01 教育类单词拓展教育类education n. 教育,教育学,培养【同源词汇】educate vt. 教育; educated adj. 受过教educational adj. 教育的【经典搭配】well-educated 受过良好教育的quality-oriented education 素质教育distance education 远程教育tertiary-level education ⼤学教育schooling n. 学校教育 【经典搭配】义务教育 compulsory schooling⼩学教育elementary schooling中学教育secondary schooling在家教育,家庭学校 home schoolingfeedback n. 反馈,反馈信息【同义表达】response n. 反应;reaction n. 反应academic adj. 学院的,学术的academic activities 学术活动academic performance 学习成绩academic exchange 学术交流academic qualifications 学历,学术资格motivate vt. 刺激,使有动机,激发……的积极性【同源词汇】motivation n. 动机,积极性;motivated的【同义表达】inspire vt. 激发,⿎舞appraise vt. 评价,鉴定,估价【同源词汇】appraisement n. 评价; appraisal n. 评【同义表达】assess vt. 评定;appreciate vt. 鉴别;价achieve vt. 完成,达到【同义表达】complete vt. 完成;fulfill vt. 实现;acc现acquire vt. 获得,学到,取得【同源词汇】acquisitive adj. 获得的;acquisition n.【同义表达】gain vt. 获得;obtain vt. 获得;secure knowledge n. 知识,学问【同源词汇】knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的【经典搭配】pursue knowledge 追求知识thirst for knowledge 渴求知识enlarge the scope of knowledge 扩⼤知识⾯well-bred adj. 教养良好的,有教养的【同义表达】well-cultivated adj. 有教养的【反义表达】ill-bred adj. 没教养的spoonfed adj. 娇⽣惯养的,受到【同义表达】duck-stuffing 填鸭式教学;cramming02 环境保护类保护的,受填鸭式教育的attend vt. 出席,上(⼤学等)/corporal punishment 体罚/campus life 校园⽣活/critical thinking 批判性思考/environment n. 环境,氛围【同义表达】circumstance n. 环境【经典搭配】learning environment 学习氛围concentrate on 集中精⼒ 【同义表达】 focus on 集中注意⼒于be immersed in 沉浸于be dedicated to 致⼒于be devoted to 专⼼于foundation n. 基础,地基【经典搭配】lay a solid foundation for 打下坚实的基scope n. 视野,眼界【同义表达】range n. 范围;sphere n. 范围;extent【经典搭配】scope of knowledge 知识⾯overseas study 海外学习/extra-curricular adj. 课外的【经典搭配】extra-curricular activities 课外活动 characteristics n. 特性,特征【同义表达】personality traits 个性品质【经典搭配】shape/ mould one’s character 塑造某⼈building-up of one’s personality 性格的形成nurture vt. 养育,⿎励【同源词汇】nurturance n. 养成,教育【同义表达】raise vt.养育; foster vt. 培养,养育;【经典搭配】nurture imagination 培养想象⼒expertise n. 专⻔知识或技能【同义表达】knowledge n. 知识;skill n. 技能mental development ⼼智发展,⼼理发展过程/discipline n. 纪律,学科【同源词汇】disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的;well-dis 素的;undisciplined adj.⽆纪律的【经典搭配】disrespectful and undisciplined behav养的⾏为【词汇拓展】discipline 的另外⼀个解释为:学科humanities ⼈⽂学科 social sciences 社会科学 disc称)单词拓展环境保护environment n. ⾃然环境,⽣态环境 【同源词汇】environmental adj. 环 境 的 ; environmentally adv. 有 关 环 境 ⽅ ⾯ ; environmentalism n. 环境保护论 preserve vt.保存,保护【同源词汇】preservation n.保存,保护类preserve vt. 保存,保护 【同源词汇】preservation n. 保存,保护【同义表达】protect vt. 保护; conserve vt. 保护,保藏pollution n. 污染 【同源词汇】pollute vt. 污染;polluted adj. 受污染的;pollutant n. 污染物【同义表达】contamination n. 污染,污染物waste n. 废物,浪费 【同义表达】refuse n. 垃圾,废物; garbage n. 垃圾,废物;rubbish n. 垃圾,废物ecological n. ⽣态,⽣态学 【同源词汇】ecology n. ⽣态学【经典搭配】ecological balance ⽣态平衡ecological equilibrium ⽣态平衡ecosystem n. ⽣态系统 /worsen vi.& vt. 恶化,变得更坏【同源词汇】worse adj. 更坏的,更差的; worseningadj. ⽇益恶化的【同义表达】deteriorate vi. 恶化,变坏;vt. 恶化【经典搭配】the worsening air pollution ⽇益恶化的空⽓污染extinction n. 消灭,消失 【同源词汇】extinct adj. 灭绝的,绝种的【同义表达】death n.死亡,毁灭;destruction n. 破坏,毁灭【经典搭配】the mass extinction of… ⼤规模灭绝sewage n. 污⽔,污物 【同义表达】drainage n. 排⽔,污⽔【经典搭配】sewage disposal 污⽔处理sewage purification 污⽔净化sewage treatment 污⽔处理sewage utilization 污⽔利⽤disposable adj. ⼀次性使⽤的 n. ⼀次性物品【同源词汇】dispose vt.&vi. 处理,处置【经典搭配】litter collection and disposal 垃圾的回收和处理【词汇拓展】disposable chopsticks ⼀次性筷⼦disposable meal boxes ⼀次性饭盒throwaway chopsticks ⼀次性筷⼦one-off chopsticks ⼀次性筷⼦consume vt. 消耗,消费/eliminate vt. 消除,排除 【同源词汇】elimination n. 消除,淘汰【同义表达】discard vt. 抛弃,丢弃; dispose vt.&vi.处理,处置【经典搭配】eliminate noise 消除噪声eliminate poverty 消除贫困discharge vt. 使流出,放出排出/出;排出exhaust vt. 耗尽,排出 n. 废⽓ 【同源词汇】exhausted adj. 耗尽的;exhaustion n. 枯竭,耗尽【同义表达】use up ⽤完,耗尽; consume vt. 消耗 【经典搭配】be exhausted 被耗尽motor vehicle exhaust 汽⻋尾⽓排放biodegradable adj. ⽣物所能分解的,能进⾏⽣物降解的 【同源词汇】degrade vt. 使……降解 vi. 退化; degradable adj. 可能降解的【经典搭配】biodegradable garbage 降解的垃圾be in short supply 供应不⾜ 【同义表达】shortage n. 缺乏,缺少;scarcity n. 不⾜,缺乏; lack of 缺乏【经典搭配】water shortage ⽔资源短缺run out of resources 资源短缺ruin vt. 破坏,毁掉 【同义表达】damage vt.&vi. 损害,损毁;destroy vt. 破坏【经典搭配】ruin the environment 破坏环境in ruins 被毁灭的emission n. 排放,散发,发出(⽓体、光、热) 【同源词汇】emit vt. 发出,散发(光、热、声⾳、⽓等)【经典搭配】the emission of… 排放emission reduction 减排carbon emission reduction 碳减排zero-emission 零排放zero-emission vehicle/green vehicle绿⾊汽⻋harness vt. 利⽤ 【同义表达】utilize vt. 利⽤;make use of 利⽤;takeadvantage of 利⽤【经典搭配】harness the solar energy 利⽤太阳能垃圾分类表达waste sorting/garbage classification 垃圾分类liquid waste 湿垃圾organic waste 有机垃圾recyclable rubbish 可回收垃圾solid garbage 固体垃圾plastic bags 塑料袋reduction 减量reuse 重复使⽤recycling 回收性regeneration 再⽣各类污染的表达organic pollutants 有机污染物white pollution ⽩⾊污染ozone layer 【⽓】臭氧层03 社会⽣活类water and soil erosion ⽔⼟流失endangered wildlife 濒危野⽣动物 greenhouse effect 温室效应rubbish/ garbage/ trash/ waste/ litter 垃圾 chemical pollutant 化学污染物over-industrialization 过度⼯业化overfishing 过度捕捞deforestation 森林砍伐exploitation n. 开发desertification n. ⼟地沙漠化grassland degradation 草地退化the deterioration of air quality ⽇益恶化的空⽓质量“新能源”相关的表达eco-friendly vehicle环保汽⻋energy-saving and emission-reduction 节能减排renewable adj. 可更新的,可继续的,可再⽣的fossil fuels 矿物燃料solar energy太阳能wind power ⻛能单词拓展社会⽣活类single parent n. 单亲 【经典搭配】single parent family 单亲家庭 domestic adj. 家庭的 【同义表达】household adj. 家庭的【经典搭配】domestic life 家庭⽣活 domestic violen暴⼒financial support 财务⽀援,财政⽀援【同义表达】economic support 经济⽀持【经典搭配】provide the financial support 提供经济⽀peer group 同龄⼈,同辈⼈ 【经典搭配】peer pressure 同龄⼈的压⼒pass on 传递 【同义表达】hand down 传承【经典搭配】pass on… to 把……传给(下⼀代) resort to 诉诸,依靠,求助于 【经典搭配】resort to arms 诉诸武⼒resort to violence 采⽤暴⼒kinship n. 亲属关系,家属关系,亲密关系【经典搭配】kinship family ⼤家庭 kinship relationsh关系 blood kinship ⾎缘关系nuclear family 核⼼家庭 extended family ⼤家庭(与祖⽗⺟、已婚⼦⼥等共居数代同堂的家庭,与 nuclear family 相对)family ties 家庭关系 【同义表达】family bonds 家庭纽带;emotional bon带【经典搭配】strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系generation gap n. 代沟(两代⼈之间的隔阂) 【经典搭配】narrow the generation gap 缩⼩代沟 bridge the generation gap 消弭代沟pension n. 养⽼⾦,退休⾦,津贴 vt.给予……养⽼⾦等 【同义表达】stipend n. 定期津贴,养⽼⾦; allowan 贴;subsidy n. 津贴,补助⾦【经典搭配】live on pension 靠养⽼⾦⽣活 pension insurance 养⽼保险obedient adj. 孝顺的,顺从的,服从的 【同义表达】submissive adj. 服从的,顺从的;comp adj. 顺从的,服从的【经典搭配】be obedient to 服从alienation n.(感情上的)疏远,离间,冷漠 【同源词汇】alienate vt. 使疏远;alienated adj. 疏远疏远的【经典搭配】create alienation between people 造成间的疏远alienate from 使疏远alienate oneself from 使⾃⼰脱离social circles 社交圈⼦social values 社会价值/privy adj. 私⼈的,不公开的 【同义表达】private adj. 私⼈的【经典搭配】privy to 参与,知情birth rate 出⽣率 【经典搭配】restrict the birth rate 限制出⽣率birth control 计划⽣育baby boom 婴⼉潮baby boomer 婴⼉潮出⽣的⼈population boom ⼈⼝迅速增⻓population explosion ⼈⼝爆炸式增⻓ retirement n. 退休 【同源词汇】retire vi. &vt. 退休; retired adj. 退休的【词汇拓展】go into retirement 退休live in retirement 过退休⽣活retirement age 退休年龄retirement allowance 退休⾦retirement pension 退休⾦retirement home 养⽼院retirement pensioner 靠退休⾦⽣活的⼈mandatory retirement 强制退休spoil vt. 溺爱 【同源词汇】spoilt adj. 宠坏的graying/aging population ⼈⼝⽼龄化/aging society ⽼龄化社会/tempo n. 进度,发展速度 【同义表达】pace of life ⽣活节奏【经典搭配】tempo of life ⽣活节奏gender discrimination 性别歧视 【同义表达】sexual discrimination 性别歧视04 科技类【经典搭配】age discrimination 年龄歧视 racial discrimination 种族歧视shuttle vt. &vi. 穿梭往返 【经典搭配】shuttle back and forth between work afamily 往返于⼯作和家庭之间breadwinner n. 养家活⼝的⼈ /单词拓展科技类breakthrough n. 突破,突破性进展【同义表达】discovery n. 发现【经典搭配】technological breakthrough 科技突破innovation n. 创新,⾰新,新⽅法【同源词汇】innovate vi. 创新;innovated adj. 创新的;innovational adj. ⾰新的【同义表达】novelty n. 新奇【经典搭配】technological innovation 科技创新efficiency n. 效率,功效,效能【同源词汇】efficient adj. 有效率的;inefficient adj. ⽆效的【经典搭配】achieve the high efficiency 获得⾼效enhance the efficiency 提⾼效率milestone n. ⾥程碑,划时代的事件【同义表达】signal n. 信号,标志; landmark n. ⾥程碑时代的事breath-taking adj. 惊⼈的 【同义表达】earth-shattering adj. 惊天动地的dependent adj. 依靠的,依赖的 (on,upon)【经典搭配】be dependent on 依赖overly-dependent 过度依赖addict n. 有瘾的⼈ vt. 使沉溺,使上瘾【同源词汇】addicted adj. 上了瘾的;addiction n. 上瘾,溺;addictive adj. 上瘾的【词汇拓展】Internet addict 有⽹瘾的⼈Internet addiction ⽹瘾video-game addict 电脑游戏上瘾的⼈computer game addict 电脑游戏上瘾的⼈virtual adj.【计算机】虚拟的【经典搭配】virtual world 虚拟世界virtual life 虚拟⽣活virtual reality 虚拟现实exposure n. 暴露,接触 【同源词汇】expose vt. 使暴露,使显露 (to)【经典搭配】be exposed to… 接触 (动词)exposure to… 接触 (名词)⽹络危害类词汇lead a sedentary lifestyle 过着久坐不动的⽣活ignore the outdoor activities 忽视户外运动over nourishment 营养过剩eyestrain 视疲劳radiation辐射05 ⽂化类radiation 辐射mental influences⼼理影响 addiction 瘾depression 抑郁症 discontent 不满⾜感 distraction 注意⼒分散 distressed 忧虑的loneliness 孤独unsociable 不善于交际的 conserved 内向的cyber-crimes ⽹络诈骗cyber-bullying/violence ⽹络暴⼒overweight 超重科技发展的词汇artificial intelligence ⼈⼯智能sharing economy 共享经济online shopping ⽹购group purchasing 团购auto-pilot ⾃动驾驶surfing the Web ⽹上冲浪social networking 社交⽹络online banking ⽹上银⾏pornography ⻩⾊信息information explosion 信息爆炸telecommunication 远程通讯单词拓展⽂化类recreation n. 娱乐,消遣,休养【同源词汇】recreational adj. 娱乐的,消遣的【同义表达】amusement n. 消遣,娱乐;entertainment遣, 娱乐,放松catering n. 饮⻝服务,备办⻝物【同义表达】provision n. 供应品【经典搭配】catering business 饮⻝业catering service 饮⻝服务infrastructure n. 基础设施,公共建设【经典搭配】infrastructure construction 基础设施建设indigenous adj. 本⼟的,国产的,固有的,⼟著的【经典搭配】indigenous population ⼟著aboriginal adj. ⼟著的,原始的 n. ⼟著居⺠【同源词汇】aboriginally adv. 从最初,原来; aboriginal【经典搭配】aboriginal inhabitants ⼟著居⺠conflict n. 冲突,⽭盾 【同源词汇】conflicting adj. 相⽭盾的,不⼀致的【同义表达】contradiction n. ⽭盾【经典搭配】cultural conflict ⽂化冲突 heritage n. 遗产,传统 【经典搭配】heritage preservation 遗产保护mutual adj. 相互的,彼此的 【同源词汇】mutually adv. 互相地distinct adj. 清楚的,明显的,独特的 【同源词汇】distinctly adv. 明显地;distinction n. 区别,⾊的,与众不同的;distinctively adv. 特殊地,区别地 【经典搭配】distinct from 与……不同driving force 驱动⼒,推动⼒【同义表达】impetus n. 动⼒,促进exotic adj. 外来的,异国的,异国情调的/export vi & vt 出⼝,输出 /⽂化旅游业相关的词汇cultural integration/blending ⽂化融合cultural diversity ⽂化多样性cultural exchange/interaction ⽂化交流cultural heritage ⽂化遗产tourism activities 旅游活动tourism industry 旅游业tourism marketing 旅游营销tourism resource 旅游资源tourist destination 旅游胜地;旅游⽬的地tourist attractions 旅游景点tourist guide 导游tourist resort 观光胜地cuisine n. 烹饪,菜肴taxation n. 征税,纳税vandalism n. 故意破坏⽂物的⾏为ecotourism n. ⽣态旅游,⽣态旅⾏cultural diversity ⽂化多样性natural landscape ⾃然景观。
2023年名师总结四级写作翻译极高频词汇及扩展
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accident n. 事故;意外à accidentallyaccess vt. 使用;存取;n. 进入;使用权;à have access to account for 对…做出解释;阐明……旳原因acquire vt. 获得;获得;学到;捕捉acknowledge vt. 承认;答谢;报偿admit vt. 承认;准许进入;可容纳à admittedly à admission advantage n. 优势;利益;有利条件à disadvantage à advantageous advise vt. 提议;劝说,忠告à it is advisable for … to …apparent adj. 显然旳;表面上旳à apparentlyapply v 申请、应用àapply …to à apply for àapplicant appropriate adj.合适旳àappropriately à inappropriateargue v. 争论, 主张,说服àargumentattraction n.吸引力,吸引物à attractiveaware adj. 意识到旳;懂得旳;àawarenessawait vt. 等待,等待;期待benefit n.利益vt.有益于vi.受益à be beneficial for ceremony n. 典礼,典礼;礼节à opening/closing ceremony charge v 收费àovercharge à rechargecompetition n.竞争à competitivecompared with 与...相比concentrate vt.集中;浓缩à concentrate onconcern n/v 关怀à be concerned aboutconclude v.结束,得出结论à to concludeconfuse vt 使疑惑à confused à confusing consequence n.成果,后果à as a consequence considerable adj.值得考虑旳;相称大旳,相称多旳construction n.建筑物à constructconsume vt.消耗,消费à time-consuming contribute v. 捐助,捐献,奉献à contribute to convenient adj.以便旳à at your convenience convince vt. 说服;使信服à convinced à convincing cultivate vt. 培养;陶冶;耕作depend vi.依赖,依托à depend on à independence deprive vt.剥夺,否认determine v. 决定, 确定despite prep. 尽管,不管= in spite ofdifferent adj. 不一样旳;à difference à differdistinguish vt.辨别,辨别;使杰出disturb vt. 打扰;阻碍;使不安à disturbingeconomical adj.经济旳,节省旳effect n.效果,成果à effectiveefficient adj. 有效率旳;有能力旳;生效旳à efficiently à efficiency enable vt. 使可以,使成为也许à enable … to …enhance vt 提高ensure vt vt. 保证,保证;使安全essential adj.本质旳,基本旳à essenceeventually adv.终于explore vt. 探索;探测;探险extent n.范围,程度à to some extent àto a large extentfail to 未能à failurefigure n. 数字;人物;图形;价格;vi. 计算;à figure out foundation n.基础à lay a solid foundation forgraduate vi.毕业à postgraduateshunt vt. 打猎;搜索à job-huntingidentify vt.确认à identificationignore vt.忽视à ignoranceimpair vt. 损害;减弱;减少impression n.印象à impress àimpression à impressive indispensable adj. 不可缺乏旳;绝对必要旳individual n.个体,个人adj.个体旳,个人旳inferior adj. 差旳;自卑旳;下级旳,下等旳influence n.影响install vt. 安装;任命à installationinstruct vt. 命令;专家;指导à instruction investigate vt.调查à investigationinvolve vt.卷入,牵连à get involved in …maintain vt.维持,保持;主张measure n. 措施;测量;vt. 测量;估计;权衡moral adj./n.道德上旳,道德à moralityoppose vt. 反对;对抗,抗争à opposite à opposition participate vi. 参与,参与;分享à participate inparticular n.细节,特例adj.特殊旳,独特旳à in particular physical adj. [物] 物理旳;身体旳;物质旳à physical health popular adj. 流行旳,通俗旳;受欢迎旳à popularitypotential adj.潜在旳,有潜力旳n.潜力prefer vt.更喜欢,偏爱à preferencepriority n. 优先;优先权;à give priority toprivate adj.隐蔽旳,私人旳,私有旳professional n.专业人员adj.专业旳,职业旳promote vt.增进;晋升à promotionpromising adj adj. 有但愿旳,有前途旳à promising futurepsychological adj. 心理旳;心理学旳;精神上旳à psychological fitness à psychologistpursue vt. 从事;追赶à pursuitreflect v.反射,反应,细想regardless adj.不管,不顾,不注意resident n.居民adj.居住旳resource n.资源(常作复数),财产responsible adj.负责旳,有责任旳à be responsible forreward [n./vt.酬劳,回报à rewardingsecure adj.安全旳v.保护à securitysignificant adj.意义重大旳,重要旳à significance strengthen vt.加强,巩固à strengthsuperior adj. 上级旳;优秀旳,杰出旳;傲慢旳tend to 趋向(于),倾向(于),有…旳倾向:temper n. 脾气;性情;倾向à lose one’s temper unique adj.独特旳,独一无二旳undermine vt. 破坏,渐渐破坏vary vi. 变化;变异;违反à a variety of à various witness n. 证人;目击者;vt. 目击;证明;为…作证worrying adj. 令人紧张旳;烦恼旳。
英语四级作文必备词汇短语及常用谚语
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英语四级作文必备词汇短语及常用谚语英语四级作文词汇及短语副词、介词:Nowadays…adv.现今,当今,时下Consequently,…adv.结果是……As a result…adv.因此...As for me…/In my opinion…/As far as I am concerned…/From my point of view…在我看来Firstly…Secondly…Moreover/Furthermore…Finally…首先……其次……另外……最后……。
On one hand…On the other hand,…一方面……另一方面……。
As a saying/proverb goes,”…”正如名人名言/正如谚语说:”…….“According to…根据……In conclusion…总而言之……For instance/example,…举例形容词:popular adj.流行的,受欢迎的excessive adj.过多的,极度的renowned adj.著名的=well-known=famousimpressive adj.令人印象深刻的harmful adj.有害的beneficial adj.有益的positive adj.积极的negative adj.消极的convenient adj.方便的convenient and efficient既方便又高效英语四级写作必备的短语及用法1.in order to为了实现他的梦想,他学习非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream。
2.in order that她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by6o'clock.3.so…that他们太累了,除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。
英语四级阅读写作【社会公德类】热点词汇 - 修改
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英语四级阅读写作【社会公德类】热点词汇1. do boldly what is righteous [duː ˈbəʊldli wɒt ɪz ˈraɪtʃəs]见义勇为;无所畏惧boldly [ˈbəʊldli] adv.大胆地;显眼地righteous [ˈraɪtʃəs] adj.公正的;正直的;正当的;公平合理的;正义的2. public morality [ˈpʌblɪk məˈræləti]社会道德morality [məˈræləti] n.道德;道德准则;道义;道德规范3. respect teachers and value education[rɪˈspekt ˈtiːtʃəz ənd ˈvæljuːˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn]尊师重教4. Personal Morality [ˈpɜːsənl məˈræləti]个人道德;个人品德5. kind-hearted [kaɪnd ˈhɑːtɪd]adj.善良的;宽容的;好心的6. public benefit activities [pʌblɪk ˈbenɪfɪt ækˈtɪvɪtiz]公益活动7. subscribe to [səbˈskraɪb tu]v.同意;赞成;订阅subscribe [səbˈskraɪb] v.订阅;定期交纳8. traditional virtues [trəˈdɪʃənl ˈvɜːtjuːz]传统美德;传统道德;传统的美德virtues [ˈvɜːtjuːz] virtue的复数n.美德;正直的品性;优秀品质;良好习惯;优点;长处9. responsibility(duty) [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]n.责任;负责;职责;义务;任务duty [ˈdjuːti] n.责任;义务;职责;值班;任务;本分;上班10. sense of responsibility [sens ɒv rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlət]责任感;责任心;有责任感sense [sens] n.感觉;意识,观念;理解力;辨别力,判断力;鉴赏;智慧v.感觉到,觉察到,意识到;了解,领悟11. shoulder one's duties(responsibilities) [ˈʃəʊldə wʌnzˈdjuːtiz]承担责任;肩负责任shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə] n.肩,肩膀,肩胛;肩部;肩状物;山肩;路肩;瓶肩;肩关节 v.承担,担负;扛,背adj.峰肩的12. Youth Volunteers [juːθ ˌvɒlənˈtɪəz]青年志愿者13. assume(undertake) one's duties [əˈsjuːmwʌnzˈdjuːtiz]承担自己的职责;承担责任assume [əˈsjuːm] v.假定;假设;认为;承担(责任);取得;呈现undertake [ˌʌndəˈteɪk] v.承担;从事;负责;承诺;允诺;答应14. code of conduct [kəʊd ɒv kənˈdʌkt]n.行为准则15. patriotism [ˈpætriətɪzəm]n.爱国主义;爱国精神16. devote(dedicate) [dɪˈvəʊt]v.致力于;奉献,投入(时间、精力等);将…专用(于)dedicate [ˈdedɪkeɪt] vt.奉献17. devotion(dedication) [dɪˈvəʊʃn]n.挚爱;关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚;专心;热心dedication [ˌdedɪˈkeɪʃn] n.奉献;献词18. sponsor [ˈspɒnsə]n.倡议者,发起人vt.主办;举办;促成;倡议19. selfless devotion [ˈselfləs dɪˈvəʊʃn]无私奉献;无私的奉献selfless [ˈselfləs] adj.无私的20. good faith [ˌɡʊd ˈfeɪθ]n.真诚;善意faith [feɪθ] int.真正n.信仰;信心;信任;相信;诚意21. dependability [dɪˌpɛndəˈbɪlɪti]n.可靠性;可信赖性22. Public demands [ˈpʌblɪk dɪˈmɑːndz]公共需求demands [kəˈrʌpʃn] n.所需之物;要求;(顾客的)需求,需要23. moral character [ˈmɒrəl ˈkærəktə(r)]道德品质;道德品格24. positive energy [ˈpɒzətɪv ˈenədʒi]正能量energy [ˈenədʒi] n.能量;能源;精力;活力;干劲;力量;能25. respect the old and cherish the young [rɪˈspekt ðə əʊld ənd ˈtʃerɪʃ ðə jʌŋ] 尊老爱幼respect the old [rɪˈspekt ðəəʊld] 尊重老人cherish [ˈtʃerɪʃ] vt.珍惜;珍爱;钟爱;爱护;重视,珍视;怀念;抱有26. from now on [frəm naʊɒn]从现在开始27. cognition [kɒɡˈnɪʃn]n.认知;感知;认识28. amicable [ˈæmɪkəbl]adj.友好的;友善的;心平气和的29. to respect the old and care for the young尊老爱幼respect [rɪˈspekt] n.尊敬,尊重,敬重;敬意,问候;注重,重视;着眼点;关系v.尊敬,尊重,敬重;注重,重视;顾及;涉及;仰慕;遵守,遵从30. public hygiene [ˈpʌblɪk ˈhaɪdʒiːn]公共卫生hygiene [ˈhaɪdʒiːn] n.卫生clean and tidy [kliːn ənd ˈtaɪdi] 整洁31. make noise [meɪk nɔɪz]大声喧哗32. enthusiastic about [ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk əˈbaʊt]对…热心;热衷于enthusiastic [ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk] adj.热情的;热心的;热烈的;满腔热忱的33. promise [ˈprɒmɪs]v.许诺;承诺;答应;保证;使很可能34. deliver on a promise [dɪˈlɪvə(r) ɒn ə ˈprɒmɪs]兑现承诺35. love animals [lʌv ˈænɪmlz]爱护动物36. generation gap [ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn ɡæp]n.代沟;两代人之间的隔阂generation [ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn] n.一代;同辈人;代;一辈(大约30年)gap [ɡæp] n.缺口;差距;间隙;间隔;开口;豁口;裂口;间断;分歧;隔阂vi.造成缝隙;使成缺口;使豁裂豁开;张开;有缺口;露出裂口37. bridge the gap [brɪdʒ ðə ɡæp]弥合差距;缩短差距;消除隔阂;桥梁缺口bridge [brɪdʒ] n.桥;起联系作用的事物;桥梁;纽带vt.在…建桥,架桥于,跨过,度过38. mutual understanding [ˈmjuːtʃuəl ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ]相互的理解;互谅mutual [ˈmjuːtʃuəl] adj.相互的;彼此的;共有的;共同的;互助的;亲密的 n.互助公司;共同的朋友39. misunderstanding [ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ] misunderstand的现在分词n.误解;误会;意见不一;不和;争执v.误解;误会40. take care of [teɪk keə(r) ɒv]照顾,照料;爱护;负责,处理41. to bosom [tu ˈbʊzəm]接纳;关怀;关爱bosom [ˈbʊzəm] v.把...放在心头;珍爱42. well-being [ˈwel biːɪŋ]n.幸福;健康;安乐;康乐43. enhance [ɪnˈhɑːns]vt.增强;提高;增进44. population aging [pɒpjuˈleɪʃn ˈeɪdʒɪŋ]人口老龄化population [ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn] n.人口,人口数量;族群45. old(aged) people [əʊld ˈpiːp]老年人46. for the good of others [fɔː(r) ðə ɡʊd ɒv ˈʌðəz]与人为善47. be careful and conscientious [bi ˈkeəfl ənd ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs]兢兢业业be careful [bi ˈkeəfl] 小心;当心;注意conscientious [ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs] adj.认真的;勤勉认真的;一丝不苟的careful [keəfl/] adj.仔细的;小心;谨慎;细致的;注意;精心的;慎重的48. unselfish [ʌnˈselfɪʃ]adj.无私的;忘我的;不谋私利的49. caring for the elderly [ˈkeərɪŋ fɔː(r) ðəˈeldəli]照顾老人;关爱老人elderly [ˈeldəli] adj.老年人;老人;年纪较大的,上了年纪的n.老人;上了年纪的人50. tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt]vt.包容;容许,允许;忍受;容忍;有耐受性;能经受(困难条件)51. community services [kəˈmjuːnəti ˈsɜːvɪsɪz]社区服务;社会服务;社区服务中心52. honesty [ˈɒnəsti]n.诚实;老实;正直53. observe law and discipline [əbˈzɜːv lɔːənd ˈdɪsəplɪn]遵纪守法;遵守法纪discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn] n.训练;训导;纪律;行为准则;自制力;遵守纪律;知识领 vt.惩罚;处罚;训练;训导;管教;自我控制;严格要求(自54. keep promises [kiːp ˈprɒmɪsɪz]守信用;守信;遵守诺言;信守诺言55. competition [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]n.竞争;角逐;比赛;竞赛;竞争者;对手56. compete for [kəmˈpiːt fɔː(r)]竞争;为夺取…比赛57. perfectly impartial [/ˈpɜːfɪktli ɪmˈpɑːʃl]大公无私perfectly [ˈpɜːfɪktli] adj.完全地;非常;十分;完美地;完好地;圆满地 impartial [ɪmˈpɑːʃl] adj.公正的;不偏不倚的;中立的58. supervision mechanism [ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn ˈmekənɪzəm]监督机制supervision [ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn] n.监督;管理mechanism [ˈmekənɪzəm] n.机械装置;机件;方法;机制;构造59. assume the responsibility [əˈsjuːm ðə rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]承担60. protection of rights and interests [prəˈtekʃn ɒv raɪts ənd ˈɪntrəsts] 权益保障protection [prəˈtekʃn] n.保护;防卫;保护物;贸易保护rights and interests [raɪts ənd ˈɪntrəsts] 权益;合法权益;权利61. protect the environment [prəˈtekt ðə ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt]保护环境62. voluntarily [ˈvɒləntrəli]adv.自愿地;自动地;主动地;无偿地;义务地63. turnaround [ˈtɜːnəraʊnd]n.周转期,时限;好转;转机;彻底转变64. good and honest [ɡʊd ənd ˈɒnɪst]善良65. practice economy [ˈpræktɪs ɪˈkɒnəmi]厉行节约economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n.经济;经济情况;经济结构,经济制度;节约,省俭 adj.经济的,节约的66. diligent and thrifty [ˈdɪlɪdʒənt ənd ˈθrɪfti]勤俭节约diligent [ˈdɪlɪdʒənt] adj.孜孜不倦的;勤勉的;刻苦的thrifty [ˈθrɪfti] adj.节约的;节俭的67. traditional culture [trəˈdɪʃənl ˈkʌltʃə(r)]传统文化;中华传统文化;民间传统文化68. comity [ˈkɒmɪti]n.礼让;友谊69. professional qualities [prəˈfeʃənl ˈkwɒlɪtiz]专业素质;职业素质;职业素养;专业素养70. professional ethics [prəˈfeʃənl 'eθɪks]职业道德71. earn one's own living [ɜːn wʌnz əʊn ˈlɪvɪŋ]n.自食其力;自立72. courteous [ˈkɜːtiəs]adj.有礼貌的;客气的;恭敬的,谦恭的73. a state of ceremonies [ə steɪt ɒv ˈserəməniz]礼仪之邦74. face-to-face communication [feɪs tu feɪs kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn] 面对面交流;面对面沟通;75. potential [pəˈtenʃl]adj.潜在的;可能的n.可能性;潜在性;潜力;潜质;电位;电势;电压76. article of faith [ˌɑːtɪkl əv ˈfeɪθ]n.信条;信念77. antithetical [ˌæntɪˈθetɪkl]adj.与…背道而驰的;相反的;对立的;不相容的78. ask for a favour [ɑːsk fɔː(r) əˈfeɪvə(r)]求助79. cordial [ˈkɔːdiəl]adj.热诚的;热情友好的;和蔼可亲的n.甜果汁饮料;一杯甜果汁饮料80. frank and honest [fræŋk ənd ˈɒnɪst]坦诚frank [fræŋk] adj.直率的;坦率的81. social supervision [ˈsəʊʃl ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn]社会监督supervision [ˌsuːpəˈvɪʒn] n.监督;管理82. be held responsible for [bi held rɪˈspɒnsəbl fɔː(r)]对…负责responsible [rɪˈspɒnsəbl] adj.负责的;承担责任;可信任的;责任重大的83. Ideological morality [ˌaɪdiəˈlɒdʒɪkl məˈræləti]思想道德84. cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt]vt.培养;培育;种植;栽培;耕;耕作;建立(友谊);结交(朋友);获得(支持);逐渐形成85. amicable [ˈæmɪkəbl]adj.友好的;友善的;心平气和的86. observation of the law [ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn ɒv ðə lɔː]遵纪守法observation [ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn] n.观察,观测,监视;注,觉察;评述,评,言论adj.供观察用的,观摩用的87. belief in science [bɪˈliːf ɪn ˈsaɪəns]相信科学88. plain living [pleɪn ˈlɪvɪŋ]艰苦朴素;勤俭;朴素的生活;简朴的生活plain [pleɪn] n.平原adj.朴素的;清楚的;明显的;浅白的;坦诚的;直率的;直接的adv.(用于强调)简直,绝对地89. public spirit [ˌpʌblɪk ˈspɪrɪt]公共精神;公益精神90. cultural integration [ˈkʌltʃərəl ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn]文化整合;文化融合integration [ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn] n.结合;整合;一体化;混合,融合91. play nice play fair [pleɪ naɪs pleɪ feə(r)]诚信为本92. fair and equitable [feə(r) ənd ˈekwɪtəb]公平公正;公平合理equitable [ˈekwɪtəbl] adj.公平的;公正的;公平合理的93. vulnerable groups [ˈvʌlnərəbl ɡruːps]弱势群体;弱势社群;困难群体vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl] adj.脆弱的;(身体上或感情上)易受…伤害的94. be ready to help others [bi ˈredi tu help ˈʌðəz]乐于助人95. timely assistance [ˈtaɪmli əˈsɪstəns]及时援助;雪中送炭95. up-and-coming [ˌʌp ən ˈkʌmɪŋ]adj.有前途的;前程似锦的96. Be open-minded [bi ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd]心胸开阔的;心胸开阔97. depend on [dɪˈpend ɒn]依靠;相信;信赖;随…而定(说明);依赖98. believe in [bɪˈliːv ɪn]相信;信任99. come to aid [kʌm tu eɪd]援助;救助aid [eɪd] n.帮助;援助;救援物资;助手;辅助物;辅助设备v.援助;帮助100. moral standard [ˈmɒrəl ˈstændədz]道德标准;道德水平;道德准则;道德水准101. moral education [mɒrəl ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn]n.德育;道德教育102. love one's country [lʌv wʌnz ˈkʌntri]爱国;爱祖国;热爱自己的国家103. Authority and responsibility [ɔːˈθɒrəti ənd rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti] 权力和责任;权利与责任104. forbearance [fɔːˈbeərəns]n.忍让;宽容105. coping with [ˈkəʊpɪŋ wɪð]应付;积极应对106. Be Kind to Others [bi kaɪnd tu ˈʌðəz]善待他人111. under the influence of [ˈʌndə(r) ðəˈɪnfluəns ɒv] 在…影响之下112. have the courage to [hæv ðə ˈkʌrɪdʒ tu]有勇气;勇于113. improve on [ɪmˈpruːv ɒn]改进;对…加以改良114. find in helping others [faɪnd ɪn ˈhelpɪŋ ˈʌðəz]助人为乐115. increasingly [ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli]adv.越来越多地;不断增加地116. dependable [dɪˈpendəbl]adj.可信赖的;可靠的117. prominent [ˈprɒmɪnənt]adj.重要的;著名的,杰出的;显眼的,显著的,突出的118. harmony with nature [ˈhɑːməni wɪðˈneɪtʃə(r)]与自然和谐相处119. Noble character [ˈnəʊbl ˈkærəktə(r)]高尚的品格noble [ˈnəʊbl] adj.高尚的;高贵的;崇高的;贵族的;宏伟的;壮丽的120. appease [əˈpiːz]vt.安抚;抚慰。
英语四级写作常用单词用法
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全日制英语学习,选择尚语国际语言村1. accelerate: 后面接名词,表示“加速”,中性词,好事坏事都能用。
2. adequate: “足够的”,用来替代经常被使用的enough。
3. advance: 名词,“进步,发展”,用来替代文章开头经常使用的development,progress。
4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”,都可以替代reasonable。
5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”,不是我们说的“负担不起”。
6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”,后面接消极概念。
7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”,比如an alternative is that…就相当于in addition(除此之外)了。
8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”,用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语,既可增加字长,又可以提高词汇水平。
9. approach / channel: “方法,手段”,用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇,如method 等等。
10. approve of something: “批准,同意”,注意不要忘记介词of。
11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视,强调”,替代pay attention to。
12. ban / prohibit something: “禁止,杜绝”,表达这个含义时尽量不要使用stop。
13. barrier / obstacle / impediment: “障碍、阻碍”,名词,在写作考试中经常被用到。
14. capital / fund: 解决社会问题时一般都会提到需要投资,可以用到这两个单词,替代money。
Finance 金融financial15. challenging: “困难,有难度”,用来替代difficult。
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写作词汇贫乏的来看看
1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2损害: Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster
5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
8 重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
9 认为:Think, believe, insist,maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10 保护:Protect, conserve, preserve
11确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12 有害的: Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13 要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition
14 消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
15 导致: Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
16 因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17 增长至:Grow to,rise to,increase to,go up to,climb to,ascend to,jump to,shoot to
18降低至:Dip to,fall to,decline to,decrease to,drop to,go down to,reduce to, slump to,descend to,sink to,slide to
19保持稳定:Level out,do not change,remain stable,remain still,remain steady,be stable,maintain the same level,remain unchanged,be still,remain the same level,stay constant,keep at the same level,level off,stabilize,keep its stability,even out
20 急剧地:Dramatically,drastically,sharply,hugely,enormously,steeply,substantially,considerably,significantly,markedly,surprisingly,strikingly,radically,remarkably,vastly,noticeably
21平稳地:Steadily,smoothly,slightly,slowly,marginally,gradually,moderately,mildly
22 宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim contend
23 发生:Happen, occur, take place
24 原因:Reason, factor, cause
25 发展:Development, advance, progress
26 有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding,advantageous
27 影响:Influence, impact, effect
28明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
29占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
30与…相比:Compared with,compared to,in comparison with,in comparison to,by comparison with,by comparison to
31对比而言:By contrast,in contrast,on the other hand,on the contrary=,conversely
32展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
33 大约:Approximately,almost,about,around,nearly,roughly
34波动:Fluctuate,go ups and downs,display a fluctuation,demonstrate a fluctuation
35事实上:Practically,in practice,essentially,in essence,in reality,in effect,in fact,as a matter of fact,it is a fact that
36换言之:Namely,that is to say,in other words,to put it like this,to put it differently,to put it from another way,to put it from another angle
附表:1
合作经营协议书
甲方:
乙方:
经甲乙双方友好协商,就中石油煤层气保德区块地面工程合作经营事宜,自愿达成如下协议,以资信守:
一、合伙宗旨:共同合作、合法经营、利益共享、风险共担。
二、合作经营项目:中石油煤层气保德区块地面建设工程。
三、合作经营地点:山西省保德县。
四、出资金额方式:期限垫付。
1、甲方以现金方式出资200万元;乙方以现金方式出资200万元(主要用于补足前任合伙人撤资款项)。
2、合同签订之日乙方向甲方交付100万元投资款,剩余100万元乙方须在2012年3月31日前全额到位。
3、2012年3月31日前应付前任合伙人撤资的17万利息,双方各承担8.5万元。
4、乙方垫付2012年2月开工前期全部费用。
(回款前)
五、股份划分:甲方 % 、乙方 %。
作为确定盈余分配和债务承担的基础。
六、合作期间甲乙双方的出资为双方共有资产,不得随意请求分割。
七、甲乙双方的任何一方原则上不得中途退撤,任何一方在不给合作事务造成不利影响的前提下可以退出,但须经双方协商认可。
八、甲乙双方的分工、权力与义务:
1、甲方为合作项目的负责人,全面负责合作业务的日常经营与管理,重点负责商务活动及工程的回款工作。
费用不得超过工程总额的10%。
2、乙方负责合作项目的生产,施工、安全工作。
3、以甲方公司的名义,在保德县与当地银行开设账户,双方各留印鉴、共同管理。
乙方负责施工过程中的财务工作,对于涉及财务、账目以及借款、还款、日常投资等资金使用事项在超过元额度(元以下的应各自记账留存凭证定期对账),应许甲乙双方协商一致方可进行。
同时,甲乙双方都有对财务账目的监督权利。
九、盈余分配与债务承担:
合作双方共同经营,共同合作、共担风险、共负盈亏。
十、合作任一方违反本协议导致合作损失的,应当对另一方承担。
本协议未尽事宜,双方协商解决。
本协议一式 2 份,甲乙方各执一份,经甲乙方签字画押后生效。
甲方:乙方:
年月日年月日。