2019年英语专业四级听力真题 对话2
2019专四真题打印版(含答题卡一内容)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.Now, listen to the passage.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN] SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. Writer. B. Wells. C. Writer Wells. D. Susan Writer Wells.2. A. She was a career woman. B. She was then a feminist.C. She didn’t like her maiden name.D. She took her husband’s surname.3. A. She named herself after her profession. B. She named herself after her home town.C. She named herself after a day of the week.D. She named herself after the sculptor.4. A. It gives women greater equality. B. It is a good solution to an old problem.C. The problem troubling feminists still remains.D. The surname problem has partly been solved.5. A. History of surnames in America. B. Feminist movement in the 1960s.C. Traditional surnames in Europe.D. Reasons for inventing surnames.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. A reporter from a weekly program. B. An executive director from a company.C. A guest on a weekly program.D. A magazine editor from San Diego.7. A. To prepare a list of things that you have done. B. To let your boss know that you want a pay rise.C. To let everybody know your achievement.D. To shamelessly promote yourself to your boss.8. A. Because the boss has the data on your work B. Because you will be given more work to do.C. Because it is unprofessional to do so.D. Because others may lose trust in you.9. A. We could earn praise from our boss. B. We may forget the good things we’ve done.C. Things change quickly in work situations.D. The boss will review our performance data.10. A. Websites. B. Radio programs. C. Research reports. D. Government documents.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN] There are twenty sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than ________.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. On other types of writingD. other types of writing12. ________ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for13. Members of the Parliament were poised ________ ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oil pipeline.A. to moveB. movingC. to movingD. at moving14. Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise ________abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained15. Protocol was ________ enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that16. The woman had persuaded him to do ________ he was hired never to do -- reveal the combination for the lock on theentrance.A. one thingB. such one thingC. any one thingD. the one thing17. The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person ________ he choose to be.A. shouldB. couldC. mightD. must18. “If not us, who? If not now, when?” These two questions are used as a ________.A. sign of angerB. call for actionC. refusal to changeD. denial of commitment19. What is the function of the present progressive in “They are always calling me by the wrong name”?A. To express unfavorable feelings.B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C. To indicate uncertainty.D. To dramatize a fact.20. “Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach.” The relative clause inthe sentence serves to ________.A. supply additional information about LondonB. describe the antecedent “London”C. put restrictions on the identity of HarryD. narrate a sequential action taken by Harry21. A group ________ casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A. opposed toB. objected toC. posed againstD. protested against22. After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical ________ understand each other’sbehavior and cultures.A. facultyB. personsC. membersD. personnel23. The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so many ________ feelings and so muchmisunderstanding in international communication.A. injuriousB. injuredC. injuringD. injury24. To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that the Constitution does not give you theright to falsely ________ “Fire!” in a crowded theater.A. yelpB. yankC. yellD. yield25. The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy that is ________ to anyenvironment.A. AdoptableB. amendableC. alterableD. adaptable26. Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has no second ________ abouthow he went about his business.A. thoughtsB. opinionsC. concernsD. reasons27. Electronic cigarettes should be subject ________ the same taxes and limitations on public use as traditional tobaccoproducts.A. aboutB. atC. toD. on28. FC Barcelona, ________ the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 to claim the UEFA ChampionsLeague title.A. controversiallyB. arguablyC. debatableD. finally29. The store sells liquid vitamins ________ designed for children under 3.A. explicitlyB. speciallyC. speculativelyD. specifically30. The three law ________ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow passenger who was allegedly trying to killherself.A. enforcementB. reinforcementC. impositionD. coercionPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN] Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.To some thinkers, it is machines and their development that drive economic and cultural change. This idea is referred to as technological determinism. Certainly there can be no doubt that machines contributed to the Protestant Reformation and the decline of the Catholic Church’s power in Europe or ________ (31) television has changed the way family members interact. Those who believe in technological determinism would argue that these changes in the cultural landscape were the ________ (32) result of new technology.But others see technology as more neutral and claim that the way people use technology is what gives it significance. This ________ (33) accepts technology as one of many factors that shaped economic and cultural change; technology’s influence is ________(34) determined by how much power it is given by the people and cultures that use it.This ________ (35) about the power of technology is at the heart of the controversy surrounding the new communication technologies. Are we more or less powerless in the ________ (36) of advances such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, and instant global audio and visual communication? If we are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not be our ________ (37), and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control. But if these technologies are indeed neutral and their power ________ (38) in how we choose to use them, we can utilize them responsibly and ________ (39) to construct and maintain whatever kind of culture we want. As film director and technophile Steve Spielberg explained, “Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of our lives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have thought or ________ (40), to imagine something wonderful.”PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job “you have to be like a wolf in the forest – able to smell out the best meat.” And if you can’t find work, don’t expect thetaxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.(2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than any other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country.(3) Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.(4) The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent.(5) None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from native or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This “smooth s” the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.41. Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of ________.A. low wages for localsB. imperfect labor marketsC. the design of the welfare systemD. inadequate skills of immigrants42. Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California?A. People who have legal status.B. People who run business.C. People who receive state benefits.D. People who are willing to earn less.43. It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude is ________ towards immigration.A. cautiously favorableB. slightly negativeC. strongly negativeD. quite ambiguousPASSAGE TWO(1) There was something in the elderly woman’s behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.(2) It was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall’s concourse as a river of humanity.(3) The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watchevery few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.(4) The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.(5) Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas.(6) As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoon, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.(7) We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her son’s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.(8) I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.(9) As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.(10) “Is that your mom?” I asked.(11) I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believing me to be tolerant of her impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.” There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.(12) Still watching her mother, I said, “Mind some advice?”(13) “Sure,” said the daughter.(14) I smiled to show her I wasn’t criticizing. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments that’ll come back to you. Moments like this. I know.”(15) It was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the moments when I’d used my impatience to make her life miserable.(16) The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter’s custody. Together they made their way toward the store’s exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.44. What does “she had a job to do” (Para. 1) mean according to the context?A. She had a regular job in the store.B. She was thinking of what to buy.C. She wanted to ask for help.D. She wanted to buy a DVD.45. What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A. The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B. The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C. The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D. The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.46. In the passage the elderly woman’s daughter is described as being ________.A. impoliteB. uncaringC. naïveD. miserly47. While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ________.A. hesitantB. indifferentC. frustratedD. patientPASSAGE THREE(1) Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read works of acclaimed “literary fiction”, it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people’s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or “popular”fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.(2) Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives.(3) “Reading literary fiction isn’t just for passing the time. It’s not just an escape,” said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. “It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily live.”(4) Oatley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people’s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy for others. His teams has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans.(5) But, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy – empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some “cause-and-effect” evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as “Reading the Mind in the Eyes”. People have to look at photos of actors’ eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.(6) It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, “It’s not alike taking people from a (grade) ‘C’ to an ‘A’,” he said. But Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes’ reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it’s unlikely to have been due to chance.(7) “Literary” fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included “The Round House”, by Louise Erdrich, “Salvage the Bones”, by Jesmyn Ward and the short story “Corrie”by Alice Munro. And “popular”fiction included best-sellers like “Gone Girl” by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Stell e’s “The Sins of the Mother”.(8) What’s so special about literary fiction? “For one, it’s usually more focused on characters than on plot,” Kidd noted. But beyond that, he said there is usually no single “authoritative narrator” who takes us through the story. “It demands that the reader almost become a writer and fill in the gaps. You really have to think about the characters,”Kidd said.(9) Oatley agreed. “Alice Munro doesn’t tell you what to think,” he said. “You, yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that’s often what we’re doing in our real-life conversations.” Or at least that’s what people could do.(10) Reading literary fiction could also offer a way to “practice” your social skills and use them more in real life, according to another researcher not involved in the study. “It’s like how pilots train in a flight simulator,” said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley. “This is a great study,” Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is “still in its infancy” and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other fiction.(11) Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best on tests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar’s study did not test people after having them read different types of fiction. So it’s possible that there is something else about romance-novel reader that makes them more understanding of others.(12) Still, according to Mar, it’s too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy.(13) It’s also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathy muscles, according to Kidd. But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no visuals and you have to engage your imagination more.(14) Everyone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainment or improving vocabulary. “There’s a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, or not practical,”Mar said. “But there is a growing body of evidence that it’s important in skills that we need in our lives.”48. According to the new study, what kind of books are likely to help people better understand others’ feelings?A. Science fiction.B. Romance novelsC. Literary fictionD. Nonfiction.49. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the passage?A. Oatley and his colleague were involved in the new study.B. Mar and his team also tested people after reading fiction.C. Kidd and his team had people read prestigious fiction.D. Kidd and his team were uncertain about their study results.50. Which of the following is NOT a special feature of literary fiction?A. More focus on character description.B. Presence of an authoritative narrator.C. Demand on readers’ ability to infer.D. Presence of readers’ empathetic feelings.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Why did the statement “…, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out.” mean? (Para. 1)PASSAGE TWO52. Why did the shop assistant lead the elderly woman to find the DVD instead of finding it for her?53. What does the last sentence in Para. 16 imply about the daughter’s attitude towards her mother?PASSAGE THREE54. What are the two main advantages of reading literary fiction according to the passage?55. Why is reading special when compared with plays and movies?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in which you should:1) summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then2) comment on Brewer’s view that parents should join in with their kids rather than limit their media consumption.You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.PART I DICTATION[听写]从此处开始作答SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful._________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKRevision of Essay DraftThe initial revision should focus on the essay as a whole.The first step: (1) ________ (1) _____________________ The rough draft--containing too little or too much material--discussing things unrelated to (2) ________ (2) _____________________ How to revise--provide (3) ________ to convince your readers (3) _____________________ --eliminate unrelated materialThe second step: revise for organizationGroup similar ideas in the proper orderProduce an outline from the draft to check (4) ________ (4) _____________________The third step: revise for lengthMind the stated lengthStick to (5) ________ (5) _____________________Revise for (6) ________ of the essay (6) _____________________(7) ________ by breaking up some longer sentences (7) _____________________Use short sentences to make important pointsUse long sentences to (8) ________ (8) _____________________ Eliminate (9) ________ expressions (9) _____________________ Use fresh and interesting descriptionsWrite with (10) ________ as much as possible (10) ____________________ Write in the active voice。
2019英语专业四级听力
2019英语专业四级听力英文回答：Listening Comprehension.Passage 1。
This passage is about the history of the English language. The English language has a long and complex history, dating back to the 5th century AD. It is a West Germanic language that originated from the dialects spoken by the Anglo-Saxon tribes who inhabited the British Isles. Over time, the language has been influenced by a variety of factors, including the Norman Conquest in 1066, which brought French words into the language, and the Industrial Revolution, which saw the rise of new technical and scientific terms. Today, English is a global language, spoken by an estimated 1.5 billion people around the world.Passage 2。
This passage is about the different dialects of English spoken around the world. There are many different dialectsof English spoken around the world, each with its ownunique features. Some of the most well-known dialectsinclude Standard American English, British English, Australian English, and Indian English. However, there are also many other dialects spoken in countries such as Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and Nigeria. The differences between these dialects can be quite significant, ranging from differences in pronunciation and vocabulary to differences in grammar and syntax.Passage 3。
2019年12月大学英语四级考试听力真题-第二套
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题听力（第二套）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) The number of male nurses has gone down.B) There is discrimination against male nurses.C) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.D) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.2.A) Working conditions.B) Educational system.C) Inadequate pay.D) Cultural bias.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) He fell out of a lifeboat.B) He was almost drowned.C) He lost his way on a beach.D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4.A) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.B) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.C) The emergency services are efficient.D) The beach is a popular tourist resort.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo.D) It became an online star.6.A) Release it into the wild.B) Return it to its owner.C) Send it back to the zoo.D) Give it a physical checkup.7.A) A racoon can perform acts no human can.B) A racoon can climb much higher than a cat.C) The racoon did something no politician could.D) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) She received a bonus unexpectedly.B) She got a well-paying job in a bank.C She received her first monthly salary.D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9.A) Two decades ago.B) Several years ago.C) Just last month.D) Right after graduation.10.A) He sent a small check to his parents.B) He treated his parents to a nice meal.C) He took a few of his friends to a gym.D) He immediately deposited it in a bank.11.A) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.B) Visit her former university campus.C) Buy some professional clothes.D) Budget her salary carefully.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) He has just too many things to attend to.B) He has been overworked recently.C) He has a difficult decision to make.D) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.13.A) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.B) Give priority to things more urgent.C) Think twice before making the decision.D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14.A) His girlfriend does not support his decision.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His parents and advisor have different opinions.15.A)They need time to make preparations.B) They haven’t started their careers yet.C) They need to save enough money for it.D) They haven’t won their parents’approval.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Expressing ideas and opinions freely.B) Enriching social and intellectual lives.C) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.D) Using information to understand and solve problems.17.A) Traveling to different places in the world.B) Playing games that challenge one’s mind.C) Improving mind-reading strategies.D) Reading classic scientific literature.18.A) Participate in debates or discussions.B) Expose themselves to different cultures.C) Discard personal biases and prejudices.D) Give others freedom to express themselves.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.B) The nature of relationships between dogs.C) The reason a great many people love dogs.D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.20.A) They behave like other animals in many ways.B) They have an unusual sense of responsibility.C) They can respond to humans’questions.D) They can fall in love just like humans.21.A) They stay with one partner for life.B) They have their own joys and sorrows.C) They experience true romantic love.D) They help humans in various ways.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) A rare animal.B) A historical site.C) A cow bone.D) A precious stone.23. A) Dating it.B) Preserving it.C) Measuring it.D) Identifying it.24.A) The channel needs to interview the boy.B) The boy should have called an expert.C) The boy's family had acted correctly.D) The site should have been protected.25.A) Conduct a more detailed search.B) Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Search for similar fossils elsewhere.D) Seek additional funds for the search.1-5 DACBA 6-10 BDCBD 11-15 CACBC 16-20 BCDAC 21-25 DABBD。
2019年6月四级第二套听力
2019年6月四级第二套听力2019年6月四级第二套听力内容如下：France is facing potentially more than one billion dollars in lost revenue this year, due to huge declines in tourism. Safety concerns have been one of the biggest reasons why the country has lost over half a billion in revenue already in the first six months of 2016. The terror attacks in Paris last November, we were called Europe's worst in the past decade, besides violence, workers strikes and heavy floods are said to have also been why international tourists have stayed away. So far in the Paris region, there's been a forty-six percent decline in Japanese visitors, thirty-five percent fewer Russians and twenty-seven percent fewer Italians. American travelers seemed the least affected, Their numbers have only dropped by roughly five percent. According to the French government, the country is the number one tourist destination in the world, and tourism is extremely important to the French economy. The sector represents roughly nine percent of its GDP. The Head of Paris's Tourism Board said: "it's time to realize that the tourism sector is going through an industrial disaster."Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 1 What counts most for the huge declines in tourism in France?Question 2 What do we learn from the report about tourism in France?。
2019年6月大学英语四级听力真题 第二套
2019年6月大学英语四级听力考试（第二套）Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.What did the boy from central California do according to report?A)He set a record be swimming to and from an island.B)He celebrated ninth birthday on a small island.C)He visited a prison located on a faraway island.D)He swam around an island near San Francisco.2.What did the father do to encourage his son?A)He doubled the reward.B)He cheered him on all the way.C)He set him an example.D)He had the event covered on TV.Question 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.What was purpose of the annual leave bonus in China?A)To end the one-child policy.B)To encourage late marriage.C)To increase working efficiency.D)To give people more time to travel.4. What do we learn about the new regulations?A)They will not be welcomed by young people.B)They will help to popularize early marriage.C)They will boost China’s economic growth.D)They will not come into immediate effect.Question 5—7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What is the news report mainly about?A)Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B)Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.C)A new company to clean up the mess after parties.D)Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.6. What is the common problem of the house party?A)It takes a lot of time to prepare.B)It leaves the house in a mess.C)It makes party goers exhausted.D)It creates noise and misconduct.7. What are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do?A)Hire an Australian lawyer.B)Visit the U.S. and Canada.C)Settle a legal dispute.D)Expand their business.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8—11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What did the man do yesterday?A)He had a driving lesson.B)He got his driver’s license.C)He took the driver’s theory exam.D)He passed the driver’s road test.9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?A)He was not well prepared.B)He did not get to the exam in time.C)He was not used to the test format.D)He did not follow the test procedure.10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?A)They are tough.B)They are costly.C)They are helpful.D)They are too short.11. What does the man hope to do next?A)Pass his road test the first time.B)Test-drive a few times on highways.C) Find an experienced driving instructor.D)Earn enough money for driving lessons.Questions 12—15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What does the man want to know?A)Where the woman studies.B)The acceptance rate at Leeds.C)Leeds’ tuition for international students.D)How to apply for studies at a university.13. What is the man going to do?A)Apply to an American university.B)Do research on higher education.C)Perform in a famous musical.D)Pursue postgraduate studies.14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the Leeds university?A)His favorable recommendations.B)His outstanding musical talent.C)His academic excellence.D)His unique experience.15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?A) Do a master’s degree.B) Settle down in England.C) Travel widely.D) Teach overseas.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 16—18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What does the passage say about ants?A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?A) They are larger than many other species.B) They can cause damage to people’s homes.C) They can survive a long time without water.D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?A) Deny them access to any food.B) Keep doors and windows shut.C) Destroy their colonies close by.D) Refrain from eating sugary food.Questions 19—21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.What is the focus of the speaker’s research?A) The function of the human immune system.B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.D) The change in people’s immune system as they get older.20.What are the volunteers asked to do in the research?A) Report their illnesses.B) Offer blood samples.C) Act as research assistants.D) Help to interview patients.21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?A) Strengthening people’s immunity to infection.B) Better understanding patients’ immune system.C) Helping improve old people’s health conditions.D) Further reducing old patients’ medical expenses.Questions 22—25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary?A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.23. What are dozens of students from Komada’s school going to do this week?A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.B) Join the school’s chess team.C) Participate in a national chess competition.D) Receive training for a chess competition.24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?A) Most of them come from low-income families.B) Many have become national chess champions.C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. What have the students learned from Komada?A) Actions speak louder than words.B) Think twice before taking action.C) Translate their words into action.D) Take action before it gets too late.听力答案与解析1.AWhat did the boy from central California do according to report?解析：根据原文“据California的一家电视台Enfresno周二报道，作为最年轻的游泳运动员，Jim Savage刷新了新的游往前监狱的记录。
2019年6月英语四级听力答案解析：试卷一长对话2(沪江网校)_沪江英语学习网
2019年6月英语四级听力答案解析：试卷一长对话2（沪江网校）_沪江英语学习网Conversation 2M: Emma, I got accepted to the University of Leeds. Since you’re going to university in England, (12) do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W: Congratulations! Yes, I believe for international students, you’ll have to pay around 13,000 pounds a year. It’s just a bit more than the local students.M: Ok, so that’s about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. (13) Anyway, I’m only going to be there for a year doing my masters, so it’s pretty good. If I stayed in the US, it’d take two years and cost at least 50,000 dollars in tuition alone. (14) Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds, which will be pretty awesome, the benefits of being a music genius.W: (14) Yeah, I heard you’re a talented piano player. So you’re doing a post-graduate degree now? I’m still in my last year graduating next June. Finally I’ll be done with my studies and can go on to earn in loads of money.M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money in that job then?W: You’d be surprised. (15) I’m still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so of exper ience in England. It’s better paid and I get to travel, which reminds me I’m late for my class and I’ve got some documents I need to print out first. I’d better run.12. What does the man want to know?[C] Leeds’tuition for international students.13. What is the man going to do?[D] Pursue postgraduate studies.14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at Leeds University?[B] His outstanding musical talent.15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?[D] Teach overseas.解析：本篇长对话讨论到男士出国留学的问题，包括咨询学费和讨论怎么拿奖学金，同时也谈论到了女士将来的就业打算。
2019年12月四级真题第二套附答案及听力材料
2019年12月四级真题（第二套）答案附后面Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.B) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.C) There is discrimination against male nurses.D) The number of male nurses has gone down.2.A) Cultural bias.B) Inadequate pay.C) Educational system.D) Working conditions.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) He fell out of a lifeboat.B) He lost his way on a beach.C) He was almost drowned.D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4.A) The beach is a popular tourist resort.B) The emergency services are efficient.C) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.D) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) It became an online star.B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo.D) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.6.A) Send it back to the zoo.B) Release it into the wild.C) Return it to its owner.D) Give it a physical checkup.7.A) A racoon can perform acts no human can.B) A racoon can climb much higher than a cat.C) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.D) The racoon did something no politician could.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) She got a well-paying job in a bank.B) She received a bonus unexpectedly.C) She received her first monthly salary.D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9.A) Several years ago.B) Two decades ago.C) Right after graduation.D) Just last month.10.A) He sent a small check to his parents.B) He took a few of his friends to a gym.C) He immediately deposited it in a bank.D) He treated his parents to a nice meal.11.A) Buy some professional clothes.B) Budget her salary carefully.C) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.D) Visit her former university campus.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) He has a difficult decision to make.B) He has been overworked recently.C) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.D) He has just too many things to attend to.13.A) Give priority to things more urgent.B) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.C) Think twice before making the decision.D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14.A) His parents and advisor have different opinions.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His girlfriend does not support his decision.15.A) They need time to make preparations.B) They need to save enough money for it.C) They haven’t started their careers yet.D) They haven’t won their parents’ approval.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.B) Using information to understand and solve problems.C) Enriching social and intellectual lives.D) Expressing ideas and opinions freely.17.A) Improving mind-reading strategies.B) Reading classic scientific literature.C) Playing games that challenge one’s mind.D) Traveling to different places in the world.18.A) Give others freedom to express themselves.B) Expose themselves to different cultures.C) Discard personal biases and prejudices.D) Participate in debates or discussions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) The nature of relationships between dogs.B) The reason a great many people love dogs.C) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.20.A) They have an unusual sense of responsibility.B) They can respond to humans’ questions.C) They can fall in love just like humans.D) They behave like other animals in many ways.21.A) They have their own joys and sorrows.B) They experience true romantic love.C) They help humans in various ways.D) They stay with one partner for life.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) A cow bone.B) A rare animal.C) A historical site.D) A precious stone.23.A) Measuring it.B) Preserving it.C) Dating it.D) Identifying it.24.A) The site should have been protected.B) The boy’s family had acted correctly.C) The boy should have called an expert.D) The channel needs to interview the boy.25.A) Search for similar fossils elsewhere.B) Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Conduct a more detailed search.D) Seek additional funds for the search.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory (呼吸道) viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example – or one row in front of or behind that individual – had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So,to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.A) accurateB) conclusionC) directlyD) eitherE) evaluateF) explorationsG) flightsH) largely I) nearbyJ) respond K) slimL) spread M) summit N) vividly O) vulnerableSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is Breakfast Really the MostImportant Meal of the Day?A) Along with old classics like “carrots give you night vision” and “Santa doesn’t bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-worn phrases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake, even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British Dietetic Association, and around three-quarters of Americans.B) “The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair through the night,” explains diet specialist Sarah Elder. “Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the night.” But there’s widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy (等级) of meals. There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food indust ry’s involvement in pro-breakfast research –and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is “dangerous”.C) What’s the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies? The most researched aspect of breakfast (and breakfast-skipping) has been its links to obesity. Scientists have different theories as to why there’s a relationship between the two. In one US study that analysed the health data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or dinner. The researchers argued that breakfasthelps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet – since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and nutrients.D) But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if that was the cause – or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with. To find out, researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss programme. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast, while the other half did not. What they found was that it wasn’t breakfast itself that caused the participa nts to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.E) If breakfast alone isn’t a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a link between obesity and breakfast -skipping? Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health. “There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes, but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not,” she says.F) A 2016 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is “limited evidence” supporting or refuting (反驳) the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.G) Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight. Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. Skipping breakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in men, and a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in women. One reason may be breakfast’s nutritional value – partly because cereal is fortified (增加营养价值) with vitamins. In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK, researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly. There have been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada and the US.H) Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language.A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclu sive. However, one of the review’s researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is “reasonable” evidence breakfast does improve concentration – there just needs to be more research. “Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studies show ing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,” she says. “And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration.”I) What’s most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing for food and consumption later in the day, according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugar content of ‘adult’ breakfast cereals found that some cerealscontain more than three-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.J) But some research suggests if we’re going to eat sugary foods, it’s best to do it early. One study recruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where half added dessert to their breakfast, and half didn’t. Those who added dessert lost an average of 40 pounds more – however, the study was unable to show the long-term effects. A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of breakfast doesn’t matter as much as simply eating something.K) While there’s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we’re hungry. “Breakfast is most importan t for people who are hungry when they wake up,” Johnstone says. “Each body starts the day differently –and those individual differences need to be researched more closely,” Spitznagel says. “A balanced breakfast is really helpful, but getting regular meal s throughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable through the day, which helps control weight and hunger levels,” says Elder. “Breakfast isn’t the only meal we should be getting right.”36. According to one professor, obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.37. Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.38. Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the mist important meal of the day.39. It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.40. Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.41. To keep oneself healthy, eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.42. It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.43. More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake.44. People who prioritise breakfast tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake.45. Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and concentrate.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Textbooks represent an 11 billion dollar industry, up from $8 billion in 2014. Textbook publisher Pearson is the largest publisher – of any kind – in the world.It costs about $1 million to create a new textbook. A freshman textbook will have dozens of contributors, from subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom testers. Textbook publishers connect professors, instructors and students in ways that alternatives, such as open e-textbooks and open educational resources, simply do not. This connection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing, but also at conferences where faculty regularly decide on their textbooks and curricula for the coming year.It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses, largely due to students renting or buying used print textbooks. But this can be chalked up to the excessively high cost of their books –which has increased over 1,000 percent since 1977. A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in order. But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself.While they may not be as dynamic as an iPad, textbooks are not passive or lifeless. For example, over the centuries. they have simulated (模拟) dialogues in a number of ways. From 1800 to the present day, textbooks have done this by posing questions for students to answer inductively (归纳性地). That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general questions. Today’s psychology texts, for example, ask: “How much of your personality do you think you inherited?” while ones in physics say: “How can you predict where the ball you tossed will land?”Experts observe that “textbooks come in layers, something like an onion.” For an active learner, engaging with a textbook can be an interactive experience. Readers proceed at their own pace. They “customize” their books by engaging with different layers and linkages. Highlighting, Post-It notes, dog-ears and other techniques allow for further customization that students value in print books over digital forms of books.46. What does the passage say about open educational resources?A) They contribute to teaching as much as to learning.B) They don’t profit as much as traditional textbooks do.C) They can’t con nect professors and students as textbooks do.D) They compete fiercely for customers with textbook producers.47. What is the main cause of the publishers’ losses?A) Failure to meet student need.B) Industry restructuring.C) Emergence of e-books.D) Falling sales.48. What does the textbook industry need to do?A) Reform its structures.B) Cut its retail prices.C) Find replacements for printed textbooks.D) Change its business strategy periodically.49. What are students expected to do in the learning process?A) Think carefully before answering each question.B) Ask questions based on their own understanding.C) Answer questions using their personal experience.D) Give answers showing their respective personality.50. What do experts say about students using textbooks?A) They can digitalize the prints easily.B) They can learn in an interactive way.C) They can purchase customized versions.D) They can adapt the material themselves.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.When we think of animals and plants, we have a pretty good way of dividing them into two distinct groups: one converts sunlight into energy and the other has to eat food to make its energy.Well, those dividing lines come crashing down with the discovery of a sea slug (海蛞蝓) that’s truly half animal and half plant. It’s pretty incredible how it has managed to hijack the genes of the algae (藻类) on which it feeds.The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll, the green pigment (色素) in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their body. The term kleptoplasty is used to describe the practice of using hijacked genes to create nutrients from sunlight. And so far, this green sea slug is the only known animal that can be truly considered solar-powered, although some animals do exhibit some plant-like behaviors. Many scientists have studied the green sea slugs to confirm that they are actually able to create energy from sunlight.In fact, the slugs use the genetic material so well that they pass it on to their future generations. Their babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll, though they can’t generate energy from sunlight until they’ve eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes, which they can’t yet produce on their own.“There’s no way on earth that genes from an alga should work inside an animal cell,” says Sidney Pierce from the University of South Florida. “And yet here, they do. They allow the animal to rely on sunshine for its nutrition. So if something happens to their food source, they have a way of not starving to death until they find more algae to eat.The sea slugs are so good at gathering energy from the sun that they can live up to nine months without having to eat any food. They get all their nutritional needs me t by the genes that they’ve hijacked from the algae51. What is the distinctive feature of a sea slug?A) It looks like both a plant and an animal.B) It converts some sea animals into plants.C) It lives half on animals and half on plantsD) It gets energy from both food and sunlight.52. What enables the sea slug to live like a plant?A) The genes it captures from the sea plant algae.B) The mechanism by which it conserves energy.C) The nutrients it hijacks from other species.D) The green pigment it inherits from its ancestors.53. What does the author say about baby sea slugs?A) They can live without sunlight for a long time.B) They can absorb sunlight right after their birth.C) They can survive without algae for quite some time.D) They can produce chlorophyll on their own.54. What does Sidney Pierce say about genes from an alga?A) They are stolen from animals like the sea slug.B) They can’t function unless exposed to sunlight.C) They don’t usually function inside animal cells.D) They can readily be converted to sea slug genes.55. What do we learn about sea slugs from the passage?A) They behave the way most plant species do.B) They can survive for months without eating.C) They will turn into plants when they mature.D) They will starve to death without sunlight.Part IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。
2019大学英语四级听力长对话训练题(2)—其他话题类
2019大学英语四级听力长对话训练题(2)—其他话题类ScriptConversation OneW： Good afternoon, Sir! Is there any thing I can do for you?M：Oh, yes, please! I’ve heard that Lisa’s new record is available now and I can’t wait to have one copy.W： You must be a super fan of Lisa.M：Yes, sure.I’ve tried several record stores but all proved in vain.They were sold out.This might be my last chance.W：Let me check...I feel so sorry, sir.Lisa’s new records are sold out.M：Oh, no, not again! I thought this store would be my last resort! After all, your store is the biggest one in this block.W： I clearly remember there were several copies left this morning.Let me check it again.M：Oh, please, thanks very much!W： Sir, there are indeed two copies left, but not in this store.M：What do you mean?W：We have another store next block.If you don’t feel bothered to travel a bit longer and fetch it yourself, we can reserve one copy for you.M：No problem! I’ll go there right now!W： Wait please, Sir! I’m afraid you have to pay 10% of what the record costs in advance, as the reservationfee.Otherwise, we have no right to reserve any record.M：I see...W：But don’t worry, sir! The reservation fee will be paid back to you after you buy the record.M：OK.I understand.So, do I have to go over the reservation procedure now?W： Yes.Here it is.Please fill your information in this customer card and pay the reservation, and then you can buy the record in our record store next block.M：Thanks a lot! I appreciate your help!Q1.What did the man do one afternoon?Q2.What problem did the man have?Q3.What did the women suggest the man to do?Q4.What should the man do before he gets what he wants?Conversation TwoW：Hi, Jim! I haven’t seen you for quite a long time! Where have you been?M：Hi, Susan! I’ve been traveling in the past two months and have just got back.W：Really? Traveling! Oh, that’s the last thing I think you’ll ever do! I always thought you were more into staying indoors.M：You were right! But I began to take interest in traveling only three months ago.I thought that might be a good way to inspire my writings.And it sure is.W： Why do you think so?M：Well, I had spent half a year in creating my new novelbut I was rather unsatisfied by what I had written down.So I decided to pack up and set out to experience the rich lifeout there.W： I see... So how do you feel about your travel, anyway?M：It was so amazing! You have absolutely no idea of how many interesting people and stories I have encountered!W： Oh, It seems you were indeed inspired!M：Sure! I went to a very small village somewhere in southwestern China.It was a peaceful and beautiful place.I spent the whole two months there living with the villagers and experiencing their life.W： That must be a brand瞡ew story!M：Yes! I was much inspired by their kindness, diligence, and, most of all, their optimistic attitude towards life.W： So, you are going to include all this into your creation?M：Not exactly all of that! I will base my works on their stories but I’d like to emphasize their optimistic attitudes.W： What do you mean?M：You see... People’s life are becoming more and more stressful everyday and they really need to adjust their attitudes to face all the challenges in life.So I plan to write something not only true but also encouraging.W： That sounds an excellent idea...Q5.What does the woman think the man likes to do?Q6.What problem does the man have?Q7.What may become the most important theme in the man’s new novel?。
2019年12月英语四级真题第二套(含听力原文)
2019年12月英语四级真题第二套(含听力原文）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.B) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.C) There is discrimination against male nurses.D) The number of male nurses has gone down..2. A) Cultural bias. B) Inadequate pay.C) Educational system. D) Working conditions.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He fell out of a lifeboat. B) He lost his way on a beach.C) He was almost drowned. D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4. A) The beach is a popular tourist resort. B) The emergency services are efficient.C) The beach is a good place to watch the tide. D) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It became an online star. B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo. D) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.6. A) Send it back to the zoo. B) Release it into the wild.C) Return it to its owner. D) Give it a physical checkup.7. A) A raccoon can perform acts no human can.B) A raccoon can climb much higher than a cat.C) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.D) The raccoon did something no politician could.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) She got a well-paying job in a bank. B) She received a bonus unexpectedly.C She received her first monthly salary. D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9. A) Several years ago. B) Two decades ago.C) Right after graduation. D) Just last month.10. A) He sent a small check to his parents. B) He took a few of his friends to a gym.C) He immediately deposited it in a bank. D) He treated his parents to a nice meal.11. A) Buy some professional clothes. B) Budget her salary carefully.C) Join her colleagues for gym exercise. D) Visit her former university campus.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He has a difficult decision to make. B) He has been overworked recently.C) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend. D) He has just too many things to attend to.13. A) Give priority to things more urgent. B) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.C) Think twice before making the decision. D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14. A) His parents and advisor have different opinions.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His girlfriend does not support his decision.15. A) They need time to make preparations. B) They need to save enough money for it.C) They haven’t started their careers yet. D) They haven’t won their parents’ approval.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.B) Using information to understand and solve problems.C) Enriching social and intellectual lives.D) Expressing ideas and opinions freely.17. A) Improving mind-reading strategies. B) Reading classic scientific literature.C) Playing games that challenge one’s mind. D) Traveling to different places in the world.18. A) Give others freedom to express themselves. B) Expose themselves to different cultures.C) Discard personal biases and prejudices. D) Participate in debates or discussions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) The nature of relationships between dogs. B) The reason a great many people love dogs.C) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans. D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.20. A) They have an unusual sense of responsibility. B) They can respond to humans’ questions.C) They can fall in love just like humans. D) They behave like other animals in many ways.21. A) They have their own joys and sorrows. B) They experience true romantic love.C) They help humans in various ways. D) They stay with one partner for life.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) A cow bone. B) A rare animal.C) A historical site. D) A precious stone.23. A) Measuring it. B) Preserving it.C) Dating it. D) Identifying it.24. A) The site should have been protected. B) The boy’s family had acted correctly.C) The boy should have called an expert. D) The channel needs to interview the boy.25. A) Search for similar fossils elsewhere. B) Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Conduct a more detailed search. D) Seek additional funds for the search.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example —or one row in front of or behind that individual—had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 person chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is Breakfast Really the Most Important Meal of the Day?[A] Along with old classics like “carrots give you night vision” and “Santa doesn’t bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-worn phrases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake—even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British Dietetic Association, and around three-quarters of Americans.[B] “The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair through the night,” explains diet specialistSarah Elder. “Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the night.” But there’s widespread disagreeme nt over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy of meals. There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry’s involvement in pro-breakfast research—and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is “dangerous”.[C] What’s the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies? The most researched aspect of breakfast (and breakfast-skipping) has been its links to obesity. Scientists have different theories as to why there’s a relationship between the two. In one US study that analyzed the health data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or dinner. The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet—since breakfast foods are often higher in fiber and nutrients.[D] But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if that was the cause—or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with. To find out, researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss program. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast, while the other half did not. What they found was that it wasn’t breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.[E] If breakfast alone isn’t a guarantee of wei ght loss, why is there a link between obesity and skipping breakfast? Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health. “There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes, but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviors such as not smoking and regula r exercise,” she says.[F] A 2016 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is “limited evidence” supporting or refuting the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.[G] Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight. Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. Skipping breakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21% higher risk of type 2 diabetes men, and a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in women. One reason may be breakfast’s nutritional value—partly because cereal is fortified with vitamins. In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK, researchers found that the fiber and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly. There have been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada and the US.[H] Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language use. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the review’s researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is “reasonable” evidence break fast does improve concentration—there just needs to be more research. “Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,” she says.“And no studies found that eat ing breakfast was bad for concentration.”[I] What’s most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food and consumption later in the day, according to research by theAustralian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. While cereal remains a firm favorite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugar content of “adult” breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than three quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.[J] But some research suggests if we’re going to eat sugary foods, it’s best to do it early. One re cruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where half added dessert to their breakfast, and half didn’t. Those who added dessert lost an average of 40 pounds more—however, the study was unable to show the long-term effects. A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of breakfast doesn’t matter as much as simply eating something.[K] While there’s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we’re hungry. “Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when they wake up,” Johnstone says. Every body starts the day differently—and those individual differences need to be researched more closely, Spitznagel says. “A balanced breakfast is really helpful, but getting regular meals throughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable through the day, which helps control weight and hunger levels,” says El der, “Breakfast isn’t the only meal we should be getting right.”36. According to one professor, obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.37. Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.38. Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the day.39. It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.40. Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.41. To keep oneself healthy, eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.42. It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.43. More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake.44. People who priorities breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake.45. Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memories and concentrate.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Textbooks represent an 11 billion dollar industry, up from $8 billion in 2014. Textbook publisher Pearson is the largest publisher—of any kind—in the world.It costs about $1 million to create a new textbook. A freshman textbook will have dozens of contributors, from subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom testers. Textbook publishers connect professors, instructors and students in ways that alternatives, such as Open E-Textbooks and Open Educational Resources, simply do not. This connection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing, but also at conferences where faculty regularly decide on their textbooks and curricula for the coming year.It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses, largely due to students renting or buying used print textbooks. But this can be chalked up to the exorbitant cost of their books—which has increased over 1,000 percent since 1977. A reshuffling of the textbook industry may well be in order. But this does not mean the end of the textbook itself.While they may not be as dynamic as an iPad, textbooks are not passive or lifeless. For example, over the centuries, they have simulated dialogue in a number of ways. From 1800 to the present day, textbooks have done this by posing questions for students to answer inductively. That means students are asked to use their individual experie nce to come up with answers to general questions. Today’s psychology texts, for example, ask: “How much of your personality do you think you inherited?” while ones in physics say: “How can you predict where the ball you tossed will land?”Experts observe t hat “textbooks come in layers, something like an onion.” For the active learner, engaging with a textbook can be an interactive experience: Readers proceed at their own pace. They “customize” their books by engaging with different layers and linkages. Highlighting, Post-It notes, dog-ears and other techniques allow for further customization that students value in print books over digital forms of books.46. What does the passage say about open educational resources?A) They contribute to teaching as much as to learning.B) They don’t profit as much as traditional textbooks do.C) They can’t connect professors and students as textbooks do.D) They compete fiercely for customers with textbook producers.47. What is the main cause of the publishers’ losses?A) Failure to meet student need. B) Industry restructuringC) Emergence of e-books. D) Falling sales.48. What does the textbook industry need to do?A) Reform its structures. B) Cut its retail prices.C) Find replacements for printed textbooks. D) Change its business strategy periodically.49. What are students expected to do in the learning process?A) Think carefully before answering each question.B) Ask questions based on their own understanding.C) Answer questions using their personal experience.D) Give answers showing their respective personality.50. What do experts say about students using textbooks?A) They can digitalize the prints easily. B) They can learn in an interactive way.C) They can purchase customized versions. D) They can adapt the material themselves.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.When we think of animals and plants, we have a pretty good way of dividing them into two distinct groups: one converts sunlight into energy and the other has to eat food to make its energy. Well, those dividing lines come crashing down with the discovery of a sea slug that is truly half animal and half plant. It’s pretty incredible how it has managed to hijack the genes of the algae on which it feeds.The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their body. The term kleptoplasty is used to describe the practice of using hijacked genes to create nutrients from sunlight. And so far, this green sea slug is the only known animal that can be truly considered solar-powered, although some animals do exhibit some plant-like behaviors. Many scientists have studied the green sea slugs to confirm that they are actually able to create energy from sunlight.In fact, the slugs use the genetic material so well, they pass it on to their further generations. The babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll, though they can’t generate energy from sunlight until they’ve eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes, which they can’t yet produce on their own.”“There is no way on earth that genes from an alga should work inside an animal cell,” says Sidney Piercefrom the University of South Florida. “And yet here, they do. They all ow the animal to rely on sunshine for its nutrition. So if something happens to their food source, they have a way of not starving to death until they find more algae to eat.”The sea slugs are so good at gathering energy from the sun that they can live up to 9 months without having to eat any food. They get all their nutritional needs met by the genes that they’ve hijacked from the algae.51. What is the distinctive feature of a sea slug?A) It looks like both a plant and an animal. B) It converts some sea animals into plants.C) It lives half on animals and half on plants. D) It gets energy from both food and sunlight.52. What enables the sea slug to live like a plant?A) The genes it captures from the sea plant algae. B) The mechanism by which it conserves energy.C) The nutrients it hijacks from other species. D) The green pigment it inherits from its ancestors.53. What does the author say about baby sea slugs?A) They can live without sunlight for a long time.B) They can absorb sunlight right after their birth.C) They can survive without algae for quite some time.D) They can produce chlorophyll on their own.54. What does Sidney Pierce say about genes from an alga?A) They are stolen from animals like the sea slug. B) They can’t function unless exposed to sunlight.C) They don’t usually function inside animal cells. D) They can readily be converted to sea slug genes.55. What do we learn about sea slugs from the passage?A) They behave the way most plant species do. B) They can survive for months without eating.C) They will turn into plants when they mature. D) They will starve to death without sunlight.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。
2019年12月英语四级听力真题(二)
2019年12月英语四级听力真题College English Test Band 4大学英语考试（四级）Part II Listening Comprehension第二部分：听力考试Section AA 部分Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports.考试说明：在这一部分，你将听到三篇新闻报道。
At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions.每篇新闻的结尾，会有两到三个问题。
Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.新闻和问题只读一遍。
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) .听到问题后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.然后在答题纸1 上相应的字母中间划上横线（涂满）。
News report one新闻报导一The British government has called for more men to consider a career in nursing.英国政府呼吁更多男性考虑从事护理工作。
Figures show the number of male nurses has fallen in the last three years.数据显示，近三年来男性护士人数有所下降。
2019年12月英语四级真题听力原文：卷一长对话2
2019年12月英语四级真题听力原文：卷一长对话2“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
”Section BPassage 2W： Mr. Green, what do you think makes a successful negotiator?M：Well, that’s hard to define. But I think successful negotiators have several things in common. They are always polite and rational people. They are firm but flexible. They can recognize power and know how to use it. They aresensitive to the dynamics of the negotiation. The way ofrises and falls and how it may change direction. They project the image of confidence, and perhaps most importantly, they know when to stop.W： And, what about an unsuccessful negotiator?M： Well, this is probably all of us when we start out. We are probably immature and over-trusting. Too emotional or aggressive. We are unsure of ourselves and we want to beliked by everyone. Good negotiators learn fast. Poor negotiators remain like that and go on losing negotiations.W： In your opinion, can the skills of negotiation be taught?M： Well, you can teach someone how to prepare for a negotiation. There are perhaps six stages in every negotiation. Get to know the other side. State your goals. Start the process. Clarify areas of disagreement or conflict. Reassess your position. Making acceptable compromises. And finally, reach some agreement in principle. These stages can be studied. And strategies to be used in each can be planned beforehand. But I think, the really successful negotiator is probably born with six sense about responding appropriatelyto the situation at hand.W：The artistic sense you’ve just described?M：Yes. That’s right.Q12： What does the man say about good negotiators?Q13： What does the man say may be the most important thing to a successful negotiator?Q14： How is a good negotiator different from a poor one?Q15： What is the first stage of negotiation accordingto the man?12月四六级真题答案去哪找？12月16日锁定###四六级频道，超全四级真题及答案考试结束后免费供应，想第一时间查答案的小朋友快来查看！！！！更多四级真题答案请见>>>。
(完整版)2019专四真题打印版(含答题卡一内容).docx
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION[10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. Youwill then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.Now, listen to the passage.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION[20 MIN] SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. Writer. B. Wells.2. A. She was a career woman.C. She didn’tlike her maiden name. C. Writer Wells.D. Susan Writer Wells.B. She was then a feminist.D. She took her husband ’s surname.3. A. She named herself after her profession.C.She named herself after a day of the week.4. A. It gives women greater equality.C.The problem troubling feminists still remains.5. A. History of surnames in America.C.Traditional surnames in Europe.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. A reporter from a weekly program.C.A guest on a weekly program.7. A. To prepare a list of things that you have done.C.To let everybody know your achievement.8. A. Because the boss has the data on your workC.Because it is unprofessional to do so.9. A. We could earn praise from our boss.C.Things change quickly in work situations.10. A. Websites. B. Radio programs.B. She named herself after her home town.D. She named herself after the sculptor.B. It is a good solution to an old problem.D. The surname problem has partly been solved. B. Feminist movement in the 1960s.D. Reasons for inventing surnames.B. An executive director from a company.D. A magazine editor from San Diego.B. To let your boss know that you want a pay rise.D. To shamelessly promote yourself to your boss. B. Because you will be given more work to do.D. Because others may lose trust in you.B. We may forget the good things we ’ve done.D. The boss will review our performance data.C. Research reports.D. Government documents.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE[10 MIN] There are twenty sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organization than ________.A. will other types of writingB. do other types of writingC. On other types of writingD. other types of writing12.________ the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A. If it not had been forB. If had it not been forC. Had it not been forD. Had not it been for13.Members of the Parliament were poised ________ ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oil pipeline.A. to moveB. movingC. to movingD. at moving14.Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise ________abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained15.Protocol was ________ enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that16.The woman had persuaded him to do ________ he was hired never to do-- reveal the combination for the lock on theentrance.A. one thingB. such one thingC. any one thingD. the one thing17.The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person ________ he choose to be.A. shouldB. couldC. mightD. must18.“If not us, who? If not now, when?”These two questions are used as a ________.A. sign of angerB. call for actionC. refusal to changeD. denial of commitment19.What is the function of the present progressive in“They are always calling me by the wrong name”?A. To express unfavorable feelings.B. To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C. To indicate uncertainty.D. To dramatize a fact.20.“Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach.”The relative clause inthe sentence serves to ________.A. supply additional information about LondonB. describe the antecedent “London ”C. put restrictions on the identity of HarryD. narrate a sequential action taken by Harry21.A group ________ casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A. opposed toB. objected toC. posed againstD. protested against22.After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medical ________ understand each other’sbehavior and cultures.A. facultyB. personsC. membersD. personnel23.The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so many ________ feelings and so muchmisunderstanding in international communication.A. injuriousB. injuredC. injuringD. injury24.To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that the Constitution does not give you the rightto falsely ________ “Fire! ”in a crowded theater.A. yelpB. yankC. yellD. yield25.The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy that is ________ to any environment.A. AdoptableB. amendableC. alterableD. adaptable26. Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has no second ________ abouthow he went about his business.A. thoughtsB. opinionsC. concernsD. reasons27.Electronic cigarettes should be subject ________ the same taxes and limitations on public use as traditional tobacco products.A. aboutB. atC. toD. on28.FC Barcelona, ________ the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 to claim the UEFAChampions League title.A. controversiallyB. arguablyC. debatableD. finally29. The store sells liquid vitamins ________ designed for children under 3.A. explicitlyB. speciallyC. speculativelyD. specifically30.The three law ________ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow passenger who was allegedly trying to killherself.A. enforcementB. reinforcementC. impositionD. coercionPART IV CLOZE[10 MIN] Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO .A.daydreamB. disagreementC.factuallyD.ifE. inevitableF. inseparableysH.makingI. perspectiveJ. residesK.that L. thinking M.thoughtful N.ultimately O.wakeTo some thinkers, it is machines and their development that drive economic and cultural change. This idea is referred to as technological determinism. Certainly there can be no doubt that machines contributed to the Protestant Reformation and the decline of the Catholic Church’s power in Europe or________ (31) television has changed the way family members interact. Those who believe in technological determinism would argue that these changes in the cultural landscape were the ________ (32) result of new technology.But others see technology as more neutral and claim that the way people use technology is what gives it significance. This________ (33) accepts technology as one of many factors that shaped economic and cultural change; technology’s influence is ________(34) determined by how much power it is given by the people and cultures that use it.This ________ (35) about the power of technology is at the heart of the controversy surrounding the new communication technologies. Are we more or less powerless in the ________ (36) of advances such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, and instant global audio and visual communication? If we are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not beour ________ (37), and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control. But ifthese technologies are indeed neutral and their power________ (38) in how we choose to use them, we can utilize them responsibly and ________ (39) to construct and maintain whatever kind of culture we want. As film director and technophileSteve Spielberg explained, “Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of ourlives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have thought or ________ (40), to imagine something wonderful.”PART V READING COMPREHENSION[35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there arefour suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET TWO .PASSAGE ONE(1) Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job“you have to be like a wolf in the forest–able to smell out the best meat.”And if you can’tfind work, don’texpect the taxpayer to bail you out . Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.(2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than any other rich countries, according to a newstudy by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country.(3)Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculatedthat shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do tothe immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.(4)The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America,a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-pointrise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent.(5)None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from native or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds.This “smooths”the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previousstudy found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.41.Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals ’life mainly because of ________.A. low wages for localsB. imperfect labor marketsC. the design of the welfare systemD. inadequate skills of immigrants42.Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California?A. People who have legal status.B. People who run business.C. People who receive state benefits.D. People who are willing to earn less.43.It can be inferred from the passage that the author ’s attitude is ________ towards immigration.A. cautiously favorableB. slightly negativeC. strongly negativeD. quite ambiguousPASSAGE TWO(1)There was something in the elderly woman ’s behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do .(2)It was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I ’dbegun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall ’s concourse as a river of humanity.(3)The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.(4)The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me andshowed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.(5) Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman,I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who ’d passed away the previous Christmas.(6)As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoon, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.(7) We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her son ’s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.(8)I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman ’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.(9)As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.(10)“Is that your mom?”I asked.(11)I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believing me to be tolerant ofher impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.”There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.(12) Still watching her mother, I said,“Mind some advice?”(13)“Sure,”said the daughter.(14)I smiled to show her I wasn ’tcriticizing. “Cherish her, ”I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments that ’ll come back to you. Moments like this. I know. ”(15)It was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the moments when I ’d used my impatience to make her life miserable.(16)The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter’s custody. Together they made their way toward the store ’s exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother ’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.44. What does “she had a job to do”(Para. 1) mean according to the context?A. She had a regular job in the store.B. She was thinking of what to buy.C. She wanted to ask for help.D. She wanted to buy a DVD.45.What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A.The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B.The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C.The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D.The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.46.In the passage the elderly woman ’s daughter is described as being ________.A. impoliteB. uncaringC. na?veD. miserly47. While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ________.A. hesitantB. indifferentC. frustratedD. patientPASSAGE THREE(1)Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read worksof acclaimed “literary fiction ”, it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people’s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or “popular”fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.(2)Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives.(3) “Reading literary fiction isn’tjust for passing the time. It’s not just an escape,”said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto.“It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily live. ”(4) Oatley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people ’s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy for others. His teams has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans.(5) But, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy–empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some“cause-and-effect”evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfictionor nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as“Reading the Mind in the Eyes”. People have to look at photos of actors’eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall,study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.(6) It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, “It’s not alike taking people from a (grade) ‘C’to an ‘A’,”he said. But Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes’reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it’s unlikely to have been due to chance.(7)“Literary”fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included “The Round House ”, by Louise Erdrich,“Salvage the Bones”, by Jesmyn Ward and the short story“Corrie”by Alice Munro. And“popular”fiction included best-sellers like “Gone Girl ”by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Stell e’s“The Sins of the Mother ”.(8)What ’s so special about literary fiction? “For one, it ’s usually more focused on characters than on plot, ”Kidd noted. But beyond that, he said there is usually no single “authoritative narrator”who takes us through the story. “It demands that the reader almost become a writer and fill in the gaps. You really have to think about the characters, ”Kidd said.(9)Oatley agreed. “Alice Munro doesn ’ttell you what to think, ”he said. “You, yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that ’s often what we ’re doing in our real-life conversations. ”Or at least that ’s what people could do.(10)Reading literary fiction could also offer a way to“practice”your social skills and use them more in real life,according to another researcher not involved in the study.“It’s like how pilots train in a flight simulator, ”said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley.“This is a great study,”Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is“still in its infancy”and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other fiction.(11) Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best on tests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar ’s study did not test people after having them read different types of fiction. So it ’s possible that there is something else about romance-novel reader that makes them more understanding of others.(12)Still, according to Mar, it ’s too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy.(13)It ’s also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathy muscles, according to Kidd.But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no visuals and you have to engage your imagination more.(14)Everyone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainment or improvingvocabulary. “There’s a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, or not practical, ”Mar said. “But there is a growing body of evidence that it ’s important in skills that we need in our lives. ”48. According to the new study, what kind of books are likely to help people better understand others’feelings?A. Science fiction.B. Romance novelsC. Literary fictionD. Nonfiction.49.Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the passage?A.Oatley and his colleague were involved in the new study.B.Mar and his team also tested people after reading fiction.C.Kidd and his team had people read prestigious fiction.D.Kidd and his team were uncertain about their study results.50.Which of the following is NOT a special feature of literary fiction?A. More focus on character description.B. Presence of an authoritative narrator.C. Demand on readers’ability to infer.D. Presence of readers’empathetic feelings.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questionswith NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO .PASSAGE ONE51. Why did the statement “⋯, don’texpect the taxpayer to bail you out. ”mean? (Para. 1)PASSAGE TWO52.Why did the shop assistant lead the elderly woman to find the DVD instead of finding it for her?53.What does the last sentence in Para. 16 imply about the daughter ’s attitude towards her mother?PASSAGE THREE54.What are the two main advantages of reading literary fiction according to the passage?55.Why is reading special when compared with plays and movies?PART VI WRITING[45 MIN]Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 WORDS, in whichyou should:1)summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then2)comment on Brewer ’sview that parents should join in with their kids rather than limit their media consumption.You can support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure tofollow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.How much screen time is too much for kids?Parents have been advised to limit media consumption of their children, but research suggests it’s the nature of it that matters.For any parents in the digital age, battles with their kids over screen time and devices have become a depressing part of family life. Many parents will now be relieved to hear that recent research suggests that it’s not so much the length, but the nature of the screen time that matters.Jocelyn Brewer, a psychologist who specializes in the concept of“digital nutrition”, likens media diets to what’s on our plates: rather than counting calories (or screen time), think about what you’re eating.“It’s not just about whether you consume any potential digital junk foods, but also your relationship to technology and the role it plays in your family life,”say Brewer.For young children, the most important thing is whether parents and kids are playing, watching and browsing together.A study of 20,000 parents published late last year by the Oxford Internet Institute and Cardiff University determined that there was no correlation between limiting device use and children ’s well-being. The study ’s lead author Dr Andrew Pryzbylski said: “Our findings suggest the broader family context, how parents set rules about digital screen time, and if they ’re actively engaged in exploring the digital world together, are more important than the raw screen time.“The consensus is that screen time, in and of itself, is not harmful–and reasonable restrictions vary greatly, depending on a child ’s behavior and personality. There is little point in worrying about how man minutes a day your kids are spending with screens, ”say Brewer. “Instead, parents should be doing what they can do to ensure that what they’re watching, playing and reading is high-quality, age-appropriate and safe –and joining in wherever possible. ”PART I DICTATION[ 听写 ]从此处开始作答SLANGWe often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful._________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________。
2019英语专业四级真题
QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2019)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART I DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more.Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided.Now, listen to the passage.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.12SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices. Now, listen to the conversations. Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One. 1.A. Writer.B.Wells.C.Writer Wells.D.Susan Writer Wells.2.A. She was a career woman.B.She was then a feminist.C.She didn’t like her maiden name.D.She took her husband’s surname.3.A. She named herself after her profession.B.She named herself after her home town.C.She named herself after a day of the week.D.She named herself after the sculptor.4.A. It gives women greater equality.B.It is a good solution to an old problem.C.The problem troubling feminists still remainsD.The surname problem has partly been solved.5.A. History of surnames in America.B.Feminist movement in the 1960s.C.Traditional surnames in Europe.D.Reasons for inventing surnames.更多学习资料请关注微信公众号【精习】Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. A reporter from a weekly program.B.An executive director from a company.C. A guest on a weekly program.D. A magazine editor from San Diego.7. A. To prepare a list of things that you have done.B.To let your boss know that you want a pay rise.C.To let everybody know your achievement.D.To shamelessly promote yourself to yourself to your boss.8. A. Because the boss has the data on your work.B.Because you will be given more work to do.C.Because it is unprofessional to do so.D.Because others may lose trust in you.9. A. We could earn praise from our boss.B.We may forget the good things we’ve done.C.Things change quickly in work situations.D.The boss will review our performance data.10.A. Websites.B.Radio programs.C.Research reports.ernment documents.3PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN] There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answer the question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.Moving from beginning to end by order of time, narration relies on a more natural pattern of organizationthan .A.will other types of writingB.do other types of writingC.on other types of writingD.other types of writing12.the attempted rescue mission, the hostages might still be alive.A.If it not had been forB.If had it not been forC.Had it not been forD.Had not it been for13.Members of the Parliament were poised ahead with a bill to approve construction of the oilpipeline.A.to moveB.movingC.to movingD.at moving14.Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwiseabstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A.may remainB.could remainC.must have remainedD.might have remained15.Protocol was enabled him to make difficult decisions without ever looking back.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.that416.The woman had persuaded him to do he was hired never to do — reveal the combination for thelock on the entrance.A.one thingB.such one thingC.any one thingD.the one thing17.The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous personA.shouldB.couldC.mightD.must18.“It not us, who? If not now, when?” These two questions are used as aA.sign of angerB.call for cationC.refusal to changeD.denial of commitment he choose to be..19.What is the function of the present progressive in “They are always calling me by the wrong name”?A.To express unfavorable feelings.B.To alleviate unnecessary hostility.C.To indicate uncertainty.D.To dramatize a fact.20.“Harry was compelled to resign and to come down to London, where he set up as an army coach.” Therelative clause in the sentence serves to .A.supply additional information about LondonB.describe the antecedent “London”C.put restriction on the identity of HarryD.narrate a sequential action taken by Harry21.A group casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.A.opposed toB.objected toC.posed againstD.protested against5622.After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives and medicalunderstandeach other’s behavior and cultures.A.faculty B.persons C.membersD.personnel23.The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be so manyfeelings and somuch misunderstandings in international communication.A.injurious B.injured C.injuringD.injury24.To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted that theConstitutiondoes not give you the right to falsely “Fire!” in a crowded theater.A.yelpB.yankC.yellD.yield25.The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local food economy that isto any environment.A.adoptable B.amendable C.alterableD.adaptable26.Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the Vikings, he has no secondabout how he went about his business.A.thoughtsB.opinionsC.concernsD.reasons27.Electronic cigarettes should b e subjectthe same taxes and limitations on public use as traditionaltobacco products.A.about B.at C.toD.on更多学习资料请关注微信公众号【精习】728.FC Barcelona,the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester United 2-0 to claim theUEFA Champions League title.A.controversiallyB.arguablyC.debatablyD.finally29.The store sells liquid vitaminsdesigned for children under 3.A.explicitlyB.speciallyC.speculativelyD.specifically 30.The three lawofficers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow passenger who was allegedlytrying to kill herself.A.enforcement B.reinforcement C.impositionD.coercion更多学习资料请关注微信公众号【精习】PART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A.daydreamB. disagreementC.factuallyD.ifE.inevitableF.inseparableG. laysH.makingI.perspectiveJ. residesK.that L.thinking M.thoughtfully N. ultimately O. wakeTo some thinkers, it is machines and their development that drive economic and cultural change. This idea is referred to as technological determinism. Certainly there can be no doubt that machines contributed to the Protestant Reformation and the decline of the Catholic Church’s power in Europe (31) television has changed the way family members interact. Those who believe in technological determinism would argue that these changes in the cultural landscape were the (32) result of new technology.But others see technology as more neutral and claim that the way people use technology is what gives it significance. This_ (33) accepts technology as one of many factors that shape economic and cultural change; technology’s influence is (34) determined by how much power it is given by the people and cultures that use it.This (35) about the power of technology is at the heart of the controversy surrounding the new communication technologies. Are we more or less powerless in the (36) of advances such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, and instant global audio and visual communication? If we are at the mercy of technology, the culture that surrounds us will not be of our (37) and the best we can hope to do is make our way reasonably well in a world outside our own control. But if these technologies are indeed neutral and their power (38) in how we choose to use them, we can utilize them responsibly and (39) to construct and maintain whatever kind of culture we want. As film director and technophile Steve Spielberg explained, “Technology can be our best friend, and technology can also be the biggest party pooper of our lives. It interrupts our own story, interrupts our ability to have a thought or (40), to imagine something wonderful.”8PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job “you have to be like a wolf in the forest — able to smell out the best meat.” And if you can’t find work, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able- bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits.(2)That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than many other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country.(3)Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work.(4)The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native- born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent.(5)None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from natives or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This “smooths” the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals.941.Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of.A.inadequate skills of immigrantsB.imperfect labor marketsC.low wages for localsD.the design of the welfare system42.Who will favor the study results by researchers from the University of California?A.People who have legal status.B.People who run businesses.C.People who receive state benefits.D.People who are willing to earn less.43.It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude toward immigrant is.A.cautiously favorableB.slightly negativeC.strongly negativeD.quite ambiguousPASSAGE TWO(1)There was something in the elderly woman’s behavior that caught my eye. Although slow gestures, and unsure of step the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.(2)It was a few years ago, and I had taken a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside in the mall’s concourse asa river of humanity.(3)The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash, her mother would have been fastened to i t as a means of tugging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.(4)The older woman detached from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit obscure. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.(5)Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas.(6)As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.10(7)We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her son’s age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.(8)I escorted the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.(9)As the cashier tucked the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.(10)“Is that your mom?” I asked.(11)I halfway expected her to tell me it was none of my business. But possibly believing me to be tolerant of her impatience, she rolled her eyes and said, “Yeah.” There was exasperation in her reply, half sigh and half groan.(12)Still watching the mother, I said, “Mind some advice?”(13)“Sure,” said the daughter.(14)I smiled to show her I wasn’t criticizing. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her curious expression by saying, “When she’s gone, it’s the little moments that’ll come back to you. Moments like this. I know.”(15)It was true. I missed my mom still and remembered with melancholy clarity the moments when I’d used my impatience to make her life miserable.(16)The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter’s custody. Together they made their way toward the store’s exit. They stood there for a moment, side by side, watching the rush of the holiday current and for their place in it. Then the daughter glanced over and momentarily regarded her mother. And slowly, almost reluctantly, she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother’s shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowds.44.What does “she had a job to do” (Para. 1) mean according to the context?A.She had a regular job in the store.B.She wanted to ask for help.C.She wanted to buy a DVD.D.She was thinking of what to buy.45.What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?A.The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.B.The elderly woman liked movies for young children.C.The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.D.The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.46.In the passage the elderly woman’s daughter is described as being.A.impoliteB.uncaringC.naiveD.miserly1147.While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was.A.hesitantB.indifferentC.frustratedD.patientPASSAGE THREE(1)Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read works of acclaimed “literary fiction”, it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people’s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or “popular” fiction, the mystery, romance and science- fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists.(2)Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives.(3)“Reading literary fiction isn’t just for passing the time. It’s not just an escape,” said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily lives.(4)Oatley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people’s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans.(5)But, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy — empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some “cause-and-effect” evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as “Reading the Mind in the Eyes”. People have to look at photos of actors’ eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions.(6)It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, “It’s not like taking people from a (grade) ‘C’ to an ‘A’,” he said. But, Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes’ r eading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it’s unlikely to have been due to chance.(7)“Literary” fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included “The Round House”, by Louise Erdrich, “Salvage the Bones”, by Jesmyn Ward and the short story “Corrie” by Alice Munro. And “popular” fiction included best-sellers like “Gone Girl” by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Steel’s “The Sins of the Mother”.(8)What’s so special about literary fiction? “For one, it’s usually more focused on characters than on plot,”Kidd noted. But beyond that, he said, there is usually no single “authoritative narrator” who takes us through the story. “It demands that the reader almost become a writer and fill in the gaps. You really have to think about the characters,” Kidd said.1213(9)Oatley agreed. “Alice Munro doesn’t tell you what to think,” he said. “You, yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that’s often what we’re doing in our real-life conversations.” Or at least that’s what people could do.(10)Reading literary fiction could also offer a way to “practice” your social skills and use them more in real life, according to another researcher not involved in the study. “It’s like how pilots train in a flight simulator,” said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley. “This is a great study,” Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is “still in its infancy” and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other f iction.(11)Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best on tests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar’s study did not test people after having them read different types of fiction. So it’s possible that there is something else about romance-novel readers that makes them more understanding of others.(12)Still, according to Mar, it’s too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy.(13)It’s also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathy muscles, according to Kidd. But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no visuals and you have to engage your imagination more.(14)Everyone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainment or improving vocabulary. “There’s a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, or not practical,” Mar said. “But there’s a growing body of evidence that it’s important in skills that we need in our lives.”48.According to the new study, what kind of books are likely to help people better understand others’ feelings?A.Science fiction.B.Romance novels.C.Literary fiction.D.Nonfiction.49.Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the passage?A.Oatley and his colleagues were involved in the new study.B.Mar and his team also tested people after reading fiction.C.Kidd and his team had people read prestigious fiction.D.Kidd and his team were uncertain about their study results.50.Which of the following is NOT a special feature of literary fiction?A.Presence of an authoritative narrator.B.More focus on character description.C.Demand on readers’ ability to infer.D.Presence of readers’ empathetic feelings.更多学习资料请关注微信公众号【精习】14 SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE51.What does the statement “…, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out.” mean? (Para. 1)PASSAGE TWO52.Why did the shop assistant lead the elderly woman to find the DVD instead of finding it for her?53.What does the last sentence in Para. 16 imply about the daughter’s attitude towards her mother?PASSAGE THREE54.What are the two main advantages of reading literary fiction according to the passage?55.Why is reading special when compared with plays and movies?更多学习资料请关注微信公众号【精习】PART VI WRITING [45 MIN] Read carefully the following excerpt and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:1)summarize the main message of the report, and then2)comment on Brewer’s view that parents should join in with their kids rather than limit their media consumption.You can support yourself with information from the report.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.How much screen time is too much for kids?Parents have been advised to limit media consumption of their children, but research suggests it’s the nature of it that matters.For many parents in the digital age, battles with their kids over screen time and devices have become a depressing part of family life. Many parents will now be relieved to hear that recent research suggests that it’s not so much the length, but the nature of the screen time that matters.Jocelyn Brewer, a psychologist who specializes in the concept of “digital nutrition”, likens media diets to what’s on our plates: rather than counting calories (or screen time), think about what you’re eating.“It’s not just about whether you consume any potential digital junk foods, but also your relationship to technology and the role it plays in your family life,” says Brewer.For young children, the most important thing is whether parents and kids are playing, watching or browsing together.A study of 20,000 parents published late last year by the Oxford Internet Institute and Cardiff University determined that there was no correlation between limiting device use and children’s well-being. The study’s lead author Dr Andrew Pryzbylski said: “Our findings suggest the broader family context how parents set rules about digital screen time, and if they’re actively engaged in exploring the digital world together, are more important than the raw screen time.”“The consensus is that screen time, in and of itself, is not harmful — and reasonable restrictions vary greatly, depending on a child’s behavior and personality. There is little point in worrying about how many minutes a day your kids are spending with screens,” says Brewer. “Instead, parents should be doing what they can to ensure that what they’re watching, playing and reading is high-quality, age-appropriate and safe — and joining in wherever possible.”----THE END----15ANSWER SHEET 1 (TEM 4)PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(第2套)
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2019年大学英语四级考试听力真题及听力原文(全三套答案)
大学英语四级考试听力真题及听力原文第一套Part III Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. Atthe end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was sa id.Boththe conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each questio n there will be apause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B), C)and D),and decidewhich is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letter on A nswer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
11.A) The woman is the manager's secretary.B) The manfound himself in a wrong place.C) The manis the manager's business associate.D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.12.A) He needs more time for the report.B) He needs help to interpret the data.C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman.D) He does not have sufficient data to go on.13.A) A friend from New York.B) A message from Tony.C) A postal delivery.D) A changein the weather.14.A) She is not available until the end of next week.B) She is not a reliable source of information.C) She does not like taking exams.D) She does not like psychology.15.A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B) The woman'swatch is twenty minutes fast.C) The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.16.A) Mary isnot so easygoing as her.B) Mary and she have a lot in common.C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D) She does not believe what her neighbors said.17.A) At an information service.B) At a car wash point.C) At a repair shop.D) At a dry cleaner's.18.A) The woman came to the concert at the man's request.B) The manis already fed up with playing the piano.C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.D) The man's unique talents are the envy of many people.Questions 19 to 22 are based on theconversation you have just heard.19.A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.20.A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B) He iseager to find a job with an increased salary.C) He likes to work in a company close to home.D) He would rather get a less demanding job.21.A) Sports.B) Travel.C) Foreign languages.D)Computer games22.A) When he is supposed to start work.B) What responsibilities he would have.C) When he will be informed about his application.D) What career opportunities her company can offer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.23.A) She is pregnant.B) She is over 50.C) She has just finished her project.D) She is a good saleswoman.24.A) Hetakes good care of Lisa.B) He isthe CEO of a giant company.C) He is good at business management.D) He works as a sales manager.25.A) It is in urgent need of further development.B) It produces goods popular among local people.C) It has been losing market share in recent years.D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, youwill hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice s marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 wit h a single line through thecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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Conversation Two
对话二
Questions6to10are based on Conversation Two.
请根据对话二回答6-10小题。
M:Welcome to our weekly program.Well,if you want to get a raise at work,but you just don'tknow how to ask,o ur next guest has some helpful tips on how to raise your pay by helping younegotiate with the boss.Here's Janet Smith,senior director from DOS Executive Search Firmin San Diego.Hi,Janet.How do we get a raise?
男：欢迎来到我们每周的节目。
如果你想在工作中加薪，但又不知道如何开口，我们的下一位嘉宾给出了一些有用的建议，教你学会如何与老板谈判来加薪。
这是珍妮特·史密斯，她是来自圣地亚哥DOS高管猎头公司的高级主管。
嗨，珍妮特。
我们怎样才能加薪呢？
W:Well,we found in our report that there are really four things that you could do.The firststep was making sure y our boss knew what you are up to.He can't see everythi ng.And youhave to make sure he knows you're here con tributing to the bottom line.
女：嗯，我们在报告中发现，实际上有四件事你可以做。
首先就是确保你的老板知道你在做什么。
他不能看得到所有。
所以你必须确保他知道你在这里为公司最终效益做出了贡献。
M:Well,that could be bragging,though.So,you have to shamelessly promote yourself then.
男：好吧。
尽管这可能是在自夸。
所以，那时你必须厚着脸皮地推销自己。
W:Maybe not shame-free,you don't want to be rude.Bu t every now and again,if you didsomething that's really n oteworthy,let them know,or to get praised from somebo dy else.
女：或许不是无脸无皮，你不想显得很粗鲁。
但时不时地，当你做了真正有价值的事时，让他们知道，或者让其他人称赞你。
M:So,should you just put together a list of things you've done and hand it to your boss?
男：所以，你应该把你做过的事情列一张清单交给你的老板吗？
W:It doesn't work,because the boss generally has the d ata to check up on you.So,thesecond point is don't over
state,because if you lie,you are really going to lose a lo t of credibility on the things that you actually did do well. 女：这没有用的，因为老板通常有数据来监督你。
所以，第二点，不要夸大其词，因为如果你说谎了，你真的会失去很多关于你实际上做得很好的事情的可信度。
M:Right.Definitely.
男：对。
绝对是的。
W:OK.So,what you want to do is to point out some of t he things that you've done,but behonest about it,and on ly take credit where credit is due.
女：好的，所以你要做的就是指出你做过的一些事情，但是要诚实，只把功劳归于应得的地方。
M:That's correct.
男：没错。
W:And third,you may think ahead.
女：第三，你可以事先考虑。
M:What do you mean by that?
男：这是什么意思？
W:A lot of people forget the things that they've done tha t are good,so one of the things thatwe found was that it was really helpful if you kept a diary of the things that yo
u've done thatwork extraordinary.And then come with re view time,you're prepared,and you really shouldbe prep aring about,you know,three months in advance to win y our performance tributes.
女：很多人都会忘记自己的优秀表现，所以我们发现，如果你把自己做过的杰出的事情记在日记里，真的很有帮助。
然后是复习时间，你已经准备好了，你真的应该提前三个月准备，来赢得对你日常表现得最好展现。
M:That's a good idea.All right,then what's the last point ?
男：这是个好主意。
好，那么最后一点是什么呢？
W:The last point is to go online.You can research comp etitive wages for your,particular jobat either , salary or .So that's some of my advic e.And hopefullypeople will check it out.
女：最后一点是上网。
你可以在、
salary 或上搜索你的、特定工作的竞争性薪资。
以上就是我的一些建议。
希望大家可以留意一下。
M:Yeah,I think I want to go see my boss.
男：是的，我想我要去见我的老板。
W:Yes,you can,but get prepared.
女：是的，你可以，但是要做好准备。
M:OK.Janet,thank you for joining us.We appreciate it. 男：好的。
珍妮特，谢谢你来我们的节目。
非常感谢。
W:Thank you very much.
女：谢谢你。
Questions6to10are based on Conversation Two.
请根据对话二回答6-10小题。
Question6.Who is Janet Smith?
问题6.珍妮特·史密斯是谁?
Question7.What is the first tip from Janet?
问题7.珍妮特给的第一个建议是什么?
Question8.Why is it a bad idea to overstate what you h ave done?
问题8.为什么夸大自己所做的事情不是一个好主意? Question9.Why should we think ahead according to Jan et?
问题9.珍妮特认为我们为什么要超前思考?
Question10.Where can we check competitive wages? 问题10.我们在哪里可以查到竞争性薪资?。