美国概况复习题
美国概况复习题
美国概况复习题美国概况复习题Paper 1I. Fill in the blanks.1. A person who is employed to take care of children for a specific length of time while the parents are out is called a __________________.2. A family composed of a father, mother and two children is considered as the ________ family.3. The coffee without cream or sugar is called ___________ coffee.4. Only the _______________ has the right to interpret the constitution.5. In the 1960’s the _____________ appeared among young people, such as living together before marriage.6.The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the “ system of __________ and Balance”.7. Americans have great admiration for the __________________man.8.In American history ______________ presidents have been assassinated.9. In the U.S. the chief function of ___________________ is to make laws.10. The Democratic Party grew out of the ________________________.11. The famous _______________ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.12.The western part of the central plain is also called the___________________.13. ___________ is the second largest city in population in the U.S.14. __________ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated place of the U.S.A.15. The first English colony was __________________________.16.Lexington Fire was the _____________ of the War of Independence.17. The Constitution of ________ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisie, big capitalists and big slave owners.18. There are four grades in universities. They are freshman, ___________, junior andsenior.19. About _____________ of all the colleges and universities are private.20. Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great __________________.II. Choose the best answer.1. Thanksgiving day is originated in _______________.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada2. The largest Protestant group in America is known as ________________.A. the Latter Day SaintsB. BaptistsC. MethodistsD. Quakers3.Marriage in America is considered ________________.A. more important to the parentsB. a pure religious affairC. rather burdensomeD. a pure individual mater4. “ The senior citizens” i n the social centers refer to ___________.A. high officialsB. professorsC. presidentsD. old people5. Dining customs include the following except ___________.A. being polite to ladiesB. not staying too long after dinnerC. being punctualD. using both hands6. Halloween is a _____________.A. summer festivalB. night time festivalC. sweethearts holidayD. pilgrims holiday7. Urban Hermits refer to __________.A. people who live in the remote placesB. people who live in mountains and forests.C. shopping-bag ladies in big citiesD. anyone who lives in anywhere8.Americans like the following attitudes except _____________.A. informalityB. franknessC. equalityD. personal dignity9. Sometimes two couples go out together. This is known as ____________.A. steady datingB. casual datingC. double datingD. blind dating10. White-collar workers ____________.A. have higher reputationB. get higherC. may earn less than blue-collar workersD. both A and B11.The black people usually have a ________ family and 1/3 of which are controlled by women.A. nucleusB. bigC. looseD. middle-sized12. The political system of the U. S. A. is based on the following except _______.A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitution and the rule of law13. The U. S. Federal Government is composed of the following except ________.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive14. The number of Congressmen from each state variesdepending on _________.A. the size of the areaB. the size of the populationC. the judicialD. the wealth15. The tenure of office of federal judges is _______ years long.A. for lifeB. 5C. 8D. 1016. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _________________.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah17. About __________ of the world’s annual agricultural exports come from the Unites States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirdsD. one fourth18.The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____________.A. AppalachianB. McKinleyC. RockyD. Alaska19. Detroit is famous for the production of _____________.A. automobileB. timberC. bambooD. bike20. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the ____________.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest21. The pamphlet “ Common Sense” was written by ___________.A. Thomas Elva EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas JeffersonD. Thomas More22.The Second President John Adam adopted a high-handed policy which was called________.A. the “ Intolerance Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition ActD. Cold War23. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of_____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. TianjinD.Beijing24.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _________ states in ___________.A. 50...1781B. 13...1781C. 13...1787D. 50 (1787)25. Altogether _______ countries became involved in or weredragged into World WarI.A. thirty-threeB. thirty-eightC. twenty-nineD. twenty-eight26. T he city name “ Philadelphia ” means _________.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophyD. big apple27. In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _________.A. reading, writingB. social coursesC. foreign languagesD. science, art and music28.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _________ in comparison with thegeneral standard of living.A. highB. lowC. almost the sameD. ok29. __________ belonged to the Lost Generation.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Walt WhitmanC. Tennessee WilliamsD. Washington Irving30.The most popular sport in America is ________________.A. baseballB. basketballC. footballD. skiingIII. Make a judgment (T or F).1. In America about 1/3 of the universities and colleges is private. _______2. Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction. ______3.The most influential newspapers are New Y ork Time, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, and Los Angeles Times. ______4. The famous novel “The Old Man and the Sea” by Mrs Stowe around a great and universal hatred for slavery. _____5. It was president Nixon who moved toward improving relations with China. ______6. Pearl Harbor is the base of the Atlantic Fleet of the U.S.A. ________7. Mount Mekinley lies in the Alaska Range. ________8. The first ten amendments added to the constitution in 1791 was called the Bill of Rights. __________9. The two main parties are the Democratic and Anti-Federalist Parties. _______10. V alentine’s Day falls in February 14th. ________IV. Define the following terms.1. Death V alley2. Uncle Tom’s Cabin3. Harvard University4. the Teheran Conference5. ImpeachmentV.Answer the following questions.1. Tell something about Martin Luther King.2. What is the significance of the American War of Independence?3. How does a bill become a law?Paper 2I.Fill in the blanks.1. The rate of divorce in America ranks ____________ in the world.2. Today over _________ percent of all married women are active in community affairs.3. A _____________ is a kind of sandwich made with ground beef that is fried andput into a bun.4. The official presidential residence is the _______________.5. _______________ is the only way in which the president can legally be removed from office.6. To the east of America lies the ______________ Ocean.7. The two main tributaries of the ________________ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.8. The five Great lakes lie between the boundary of __________ and the United States.9. The largest state, __________ is famous for its glacier, waterfalls and ripples.10.There rises the tendency of shifting the center of industries from the____________ to the Southwest.11.The famous ____________ is known as the financial center, the symbol of theAmerican monopoly capitalism.12. _____________ is the center of theaters in America.13. It was ____________________who first discovered the America in 1492.14. The ___________ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of __________________ southern states.16. The ___________- Program was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.17. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was ____________________.18. ___________________ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.19. The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “ _________________”.20. The novel “ Martin Eden ” was written by ______________.II.Choose the best choice.1. The popular kind of family in America is ________________ family.A. nucleusB. looseC. largeD. blend2.Americans like the following attitudes except ____________.A. informalityB. personal dignityC. equalityD. frankness3. “ The senior citizens” in the social centers refer to ___________.A. high officialsB. professorsC. presidentsD. old people4.The popular foods in America include the following except _______________.A. hamburgersB. hot dogsC. breadD. rice5.People can usually get cheap meals in the following except ________________.A. snack barsB. cafeteriasC. big restaurantsD. coffee shops6. Halloween is a _____________.A. summer festivalB. night time festival.C. sweethearts holidayD. pilgrims holiday7. The black people usually have a ________ family and 1/3 of which are controlled by women.A. nucleusB. bigC. looseD. middle-sized8.The Judicial Branch is headed by ____________.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. PresidentD. Judges9.The general election in America is held every __________ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 310. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _________.A. the size of the areaB. the size of the populationC. the judicialD. the wealth11. The Democratic Party of America was founded in ________.A. 1845B. 1828C. 1787D. 180412. __________ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The westernD. The Eastern13.The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _________________.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah14. The two largest Chinatowns are locate in the followingcities except_________.A. New Y orkB. San FranciscoC. MiamiD. Chicago15. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake ______________.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. VictoriaD. Erie16. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between Lakes of _______.A.Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioB. C. Superior and Haron D. Michigan and Haron17. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the ____________.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest18. ___________ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth AvenueD. New Y ork19. In ______ people can find the historical spot, the Independence NationalHistorical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San FranciscoD. Washington20. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except ___________.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado21._____________ was the first man who sailed round the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier22.The colonial life can be described as the following except ______________.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard23.The first American president from the Republic Party was _____________.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington.24.In 1913 Presi dent ________ issued the “ Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding25. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _________.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity26. In 1945 a conference was held in ________ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New Y orkD. Washington27. The library in _________ was the first private library in the U.S.A.A. Harvard CollegeB. Y ale CollegeC. College of New Y orkD. MIT28. It was the _________ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A. ScandinavianB. DutchC. FrenchD. England29.One hundred and one American people won the Nobel Prize after _________.A. WWIB. Civil WarC.WWIID. the Independent War30. The Father of American literature was ________________.A. Mark TwainB. Washington IrvingC. Walt WhitmanD. Jack LondonIII.True or False questions.1. VOA has 16 broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in 40 languages day and night. ______2. Hawthorne’s best novel is “The Scarlet Letter”. _______3. The First World War was a destructive ear and an anti-fascist war. _________4. “I know not what course others may take, but for me give me liberty or give me death”. This was said by Patrick Henry. _______5. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have began in 1607. _______6. The United States is situated in the South and Central part of North America._______7. Rhode Island is the second largest state in America. _______8. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of Asian origin. ________9. There are 435 voting members in the House of Representatives. ________10. The first president who was assassinated was John Kennedy. _______ IV.Explain the following terms.1. Niagara Falls2. the Boston Tea Party3. Franklin D. Rossevelt4. Reader’s Digest5. Winner-take-allV. Answer the following questions briefly.1. What do you know about the five Great Lakes?2. C omment the Constitution of 1787.3. Tell the main functions of the three branches of the government.。
英美概况复习资料
1. The continental United States lies in the central North American with ___ toits east and __ to its west.A. the pacific ocean, the Atlantic oceanB. the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of MexicoD. the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean2. Among the Great Lakes, ____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan3. The Appalachians run from __ to ___ .A. the north, the southB. the east, the westC. the northwest, the southeastD. the northeast, the southwest4. The biggest city in the U.S. is ___ .A. Los AngelesB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco5. The __ River meets the Atlantic Ocean at New York City.A. PotomacB. HudsonC. ColumbiaD. Colorado6. Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in ___ .A. 1948B. 1950C. 1956D. 19597. __ is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Eire8. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United Sates is ___.A. the HispanicsB. the Asian-AmericansC. the IndiansD. the blacks9. The Grand Canyon is located in the state of __ .A. ColoradoB. CaliforniaC. ArizonaD. New Mexcio10. __ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United Sates.A. the BlacksB. The HispanicsC. the Asian-AmericansD. the Indians11. The ___ River has been called the American Ruhr.A. MississippiB. OhioC. MissouriD. Colorado12. The Mississippi River flows to __ .A. the Atlantic OceanB. the Gulf of CaliforniaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific Ocean13. The U.S. produces nearly ___ of the corn in the world.? A. 25% B. 35% C. 40% D. 50%14. __ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.? A. The Midwest B. the Great Plains? C. New England D. the South15．The Snow belt areas in the united States refer to North.16. The chief industry in the Rocky Mountains is ___? A. the tourist tradeB. mining ? C. textile industry D. iron and steel17. The United States is the ___ most populous country in the world.? A. third B. fourth C. fifth D. sixth18. New York is located in ___ A. the MidwestB. the Middle Atlantic regionC. New EnglandD. the great Plains19. The United States is the __ largest country in the world.? A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth20. ___ is the home of the space center in the U.S.? A. Houston B. Dallas? C. New Orleans D. Miami??? 21. The Midwest states lies in the ___ part of the U.S.? A. western B. southern C. northern D. northwestern22. The smallest state in the U.S. is? A. Washington ? C. Hawaii B. Rhode island D. Maryland23. In the U.S., the largest city along the Pacific Coast is? A. Los Angeles ? C. Seattle B. San FranciscoD. Portland? 24. The first industrial area in the United Sates is? A. New England? B. the Middle Atlantic? C. the Midwest D. the South25. ____ is the largest city of the Great Plains of the U.S.? A. Colorado? C. Salt Lake CityB. Los Angeles D. Denver26. The largest state on the mainland of the United States is ? A. California B. TexasC. AlaskaD. Arizona27. The largest and busiest port on the great Lakes is? A. New York ? C. Detroit B. ChicagoD. St. Louis28. The sunbelt areas in the united States refer to ____A. the East and the NorthB. the North and the WestC. the west and the SouthD. the east and the South29. The newest state in the United States is A. New Mexico B. AlaskaC. CaliforniaD. Hawaii30. The state of ___ is the leading state in oil and natural gas deposits in theU.S.A. CaliforniaC. Florida B. New MexicoD. Texas31. The Rustbelt areas refers to Northeastern USA32. Please list five metropolitans which located on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Boston-Washington corridor )Boston, Massachusetts, new York city, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C.33. __Florida ____ is the southern-most city( exclusive of Hawaii).34. The highest summits in the US. is Mt. Mckinley35. The national flag of the United States is known as __ .A. the star-spangled BannarB. Uncle SamC. Got DogD. Union Jack36. The Niagara Falls is located on thee US and the Canadian boundary between Lakeand Lake _____________ .A. Superior, HuronB. Michigan, HuronC. Huron, EireD. Eire, Ontario37．Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II38．Westminster Palace is the ________ .A. seat of British House of ParliamentB. seat of English ChurchC. residence of king and queenD. Residence of Prime Minster39．No. 10 Downing Street is ______ .A. Office of British NavyB. Official residence of Prime MinsterC. Seat of English parliamentD. Official residence of King40．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to ______ .A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186741．In the U.S., the senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 842．The ____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists43．Among the Great Lakes, _____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan44．___ was Britain's first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New York45．____ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he got the nickname“Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV46．During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as ___ .A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army47．The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ____ .A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet UnionMock Test1. The official name of the United Kingdom is _____ .A .the United Kingdom of Great BritainB .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandC .the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern IrelandD .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. It was under _____ that the feudal system in England was completely established.A .HaroldB .WilliamC .HenryD .Edward3 .The largest and most important museum in Britain is ____ .A .the British MuseumB .the Victoria and Albert MuseumC .the Imperial War MuseumD .the National Gallery4. Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .Northern IrelandD .Wales5. The highest peak in Britain is ____ .A .Ben NevisB .ScafellC .SnowdoniaD .Cross Fell6. The first known settlers of Britain were ___ .A .the IberaiansB .the Bearker FolkC .the CeltsD .the Romans7. The Wars of the Roses lasted from ____ to______ .A.1455, 1465B.1455, 1475C.1455, 1485D.1455, 14958. The religious change from Catholicism toward Protestant theology in England was calledA .Renaissance C .Revolution 9. A British Parliament has a maximum duration of ____ years.A .3B .4C .5D .610. In criminal trials, the ____ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.A .judgeB .lawyerC .juryD .audience11. The first English colony in America was founded in ____ .A .1593B .1607C .1618D .162012. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _____ and the North Sea in the ____ .A .south, westB .south, eastC .north, westD .north, east13. The first successful Roman conquest in Britain was led by ____ .A .Julius CaesarB .ClaudiusC .AgricolaD .Constantine14. ____ served as the new cultural centers in England during the reign of the Norman kings.A .The schoolsB .The monasteriesC .The royal courtD .The big townsB .ReformationD .Evolution15. The House of Lancaster was symbolized by the ____ rose, while that of York was symbolized by the _____ rose.A .white, blackB .white, redC .red, whiteD .black, red16. In Britain, the ultimate authority for law-making resides in ____ .A .the House of LordsB .the Hose of CommonsC .the QueenD .the Prince of Wales17. Which of the following statements is not true about the contributions made by the Anglo-Saxons to English state?A .They divided the country into shires.B .They devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system.C .They created the manorial system and the Witan.D .They established the complete feudal system in England.18. The narrowest part of the English Channel is the Straits of Dover, which is only km across.A .25B .35C .43D .5019. Which of the following statements is not true about William's policy toward the church in England?A .He kept the church completely in his control and tried to suppress its power.B .He appointed the Italian-born Lanfranc to be Archbishop of Canterbury.C .He encouraged the church to have a closer relationship with Rome.D .He took care to maintain the independence of the church.20. The Magna Carta had altogether ____ clauses.A .50B .53C .58D .6321. The ____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained ____ growth rate and ____ inflation rate.A .the highest, the highestB .the lowest, the lowestC .the highest, the lowestD .the lowest, the highest23. The House of Lord is presided over by the ____ .A .Archbishop of CanterburyB .Lord ChancellorC .QueenD .Archbishop of York24. The capital of Scotland is ___ .A .BelfastB .CardiffC .EdinburghD .Dublin25. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?A .About 200 yearsB .About 300 yearsC .About 400 yearsD .About 500 years26. Which of the following statements is not among the causes of the hundred yea'rswar between England and France?A .The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B .Both English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish cloth manufacturingtowns.C .England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D .The English refused to recognize Edward as their king.27. Mrs. Thatcher was British Prime Minister from ____ .A .1980, 1990B .1982, 1988C .1979, 1990 D.1979, 198428. The present Sovereign of Britain is ____ .A .PhilipB .Elizabeth IC .Elizabeth IID .Charles29. Britain 's most popular pastime is ____ .A .reading newspaperB .watching TVC .playing footballD .horse racing30. The destruction of the ____ in 1588 showed Englan'ds superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I's reign.A .French FleetB .Spanish ArmadaC .Danish VikingsD .Portuguese Navy31. The replacement of James II by William and Mary has been known as _____A .the Glorious RevolutionB .the RestorationC .the ReformationD .the Renaissance32. The decade of 1980s is remembered in Britain as the era of _____ .A .centralizationB .nationalizationC .privatizationD .industrialization33. The Church of Scotland is a _____ church.A .MethodistB .BaptistC .PresbyterianD .Catholic34. The longest river in Britain is _____ .A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River35. _____ were the people who laid foundation of the English state.A .The Celt C .The JutesB .The RomansD .The Anglo-Saxons36. Mrs. Thatcher's Medium-term Financial Strategy was characterized by _____A .prices controlB .incomes controlC .state interventionismD .privatization37. The British Prime Minister is appointed by ____ .A .the QueenB .the SpeakerC .the House of CommonsD .the House of Lords38. ______ is the highest judiciary officer in Britain.A .The Lord ChancellorB .The Home SecretaryC .The Attorney GeneralD .The Prime Minister39. The well-known Lake District in Britain is located in ____ .A .north ScotlandB .north-west EnglandD .Northern Ireland40. Which of the following statements is not among the achievements of King Alfred?A .He defeated the Danes and conquered Denmark.B .He translated Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People into English.C .He founded a strong fleet and became known a“sthe father of the British navy”.D .He established a number of schools.41. Henry VIII was above all responsible for the _____ reform in England.A .militaryB .economicC .socialD .religious42. The ____ presides over the House of Commons and enforces the rules of order.A .Prime MinisterB .SpeakerC .north WalesC .Lord ChancellorD .Queen43. _____ is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the United Kingdom.A .The High CourtB .The Supreme Court of JudicatureC .The House of LordD .The Court of Appeal44. Around which time period did the Celts start to arrive in Britain? _____A .3000 B.C.B .2000 B.C.C .700 B.C.D .500 B.C.45. The death of King ____ marked the perishing of Anglo-Saxon England.A .AlfredB .EdwardC .HaroldD .William46. England has been a Protestant country since the reign ofA .Henry VIII C .Mary TudorB .Edward VI D.Elizabeth I47. _____ was Britain's first colony in America.A .Plymouth C .PhiladelphiaB .Jamestown D .New York48. In 1838, the London Working Men's Association put forward a charter ofpolitical demands, which was called a“____ ”.A .Great Charter C .People's CharterB .Greater Charter D .new Poor Law49. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain? ____A .microprocessorsB .computersC .biotechnologyD .motor vehicle50. The head of State in Britain is ____ .A .the king or queenB .Prime MinisterC .ParliamentD .Prince of Wales51. In Great Britain, the _____ is uniquely related to the Crown.A .Church of EnglandB .Church of ScotlandC .Church of IrelandD .Church of Wales52. Among the four political divisions of Britain, ____ is the most denselypopulated.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .WalesD .Northern Ireland53. “The Danelaw”refers to the ____ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred 's time.A .south and eastB .north and eastC .south and westD .north and west54. The hundred year'swar between England and France was declared by ___ .A .Henry IIIB .Edward IC .Edward IIID .Henry V55. ____ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he gotthe nickname“Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV56. The end of Britain's empire was hastened by ____ .A .World War IB .the Great DepressionC .World War IID .the Korean War57. The Prime Minister in Britain is chairman of the ____ .A .shadow cabinetB .cabinetC .ParliamentD .Opposition58. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from _____£1— £1—A .the 11th and 12th centuriesB .the 12th and 13th centuriesC .the 14th and 15th centuries£1— £1—D .the 18th and 19th centuries59. Which of the following statements is not true about St.Augustine?A .He was sent by Pope Gregory I to England.B .He was the first Archbiship of Canterbury.C .He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility.D .One of his greatest achievements was to have converted large numbers of common people in Britain.60. The Black Death spread through Europe in the ____ century.th th th thA .13B .14C .15D .1661. There were ____ Tudor monarchs who ruled England and Wales and the first one was ____ .A .4, Henry VB .5, Henry VIIC .6, Henry VIID .7, Henry VIII62. The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was a ____ conspiracy.A .ScottishB .CatholicC .PuritanD .Spanish63. The British Labor Party got its name in ______ .A .1893B .1899C .1900D .190664 .The members of _____ in Britain have also been known as dissenters or nonconformists.A .the Anglican ChurchesB .the Church of EnglandC .the Roman Catholic ChurchD .the Free Churches65. Which of the following people are not descendants of the Celts ?A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish66. Which of the following statements is not true about Canute?A .He became King of England in 1016.B .He made England part of a Scandinavian empire.C .He divided power between Danes and Saxons.D .He formulated a legal system in England.67. James I was son of ____ .A .Mary TudorB .Mary StuartC .Elizabeth ID .Edward VI68. Greater London is divided into 32 ____ and the City of London.A .districtsB .countiesC .boroughsD .regions69. The largest church of the Free Churches in Britain is ____ .A .the Baptist ChurchB .the Presbyterian ChurchC .the Methodist ChurchD .theUnited Reformed Church70. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the gods in .A .DruidismB .ChristianityC .the Teutonic religionD .Roman Catholicism71. As a transitional period, Renaissance covered the years between ____and _____ .A .1150, 1450B .1250, 1550C .1350, 1650D .1450, 175072. ____ is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A .The RenaissanceB .The English ReformationC .The English Civil WarD .the Glorious Revolution73. Which of the following countries was not a member of the“Allies ”during World War I?A .BritainB .FranceC .RussiaD .Germany74 .Among the following industrial cities, ______ is not based on coalfields.A .LondonB .GlasgowC .EdinburghD .Manchester75. To Scots, the most important festival is ____ .A .Christmas DayB .New Year's EveC .EasterD .Whit Sunday76. _____________________________________ Names that begin with M',Mc or Mac are ___________________________________ names.A .EnglishB .WelshC .ScottishD .Irish77. The first Christian church in Britain was established in _____ .A .LondonB .YorkC .CanterburyD .Bath78. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in ____ .A .1213B .1214C .1215D .121679. The Petition of Right was also regarded as the_____ .A .Magna CartaB .General PardonC .Grand RemonstranceD .second Magna Carta80. The British East India Company was established in ____ .A .1500B .1600C .1700D .180081. The Midlands refers to the area of ___ .A .central EnglandB .central Lowlands of ScotlandC .North-East EnglandD .North Wales82. By tradition, the Prime Minister of Britain is also First Lord of ____ .A .the TreasuryB .the Home OfficeC .the Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeD .the Ministry of Defense83. Easter is a Christian festival that celebrates ____ .A .the birth of ChristB .the resurrection of ChristC .the coming of the Holy Spirit to Christ 's apostlesD .the death of Christ84. The most important river in Britain is ____ .A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River85. Margaret Thatcher was leader of the ___ Party.A .ConservativeB .LaborC .LiberalD .Democratic86. In December 1653, Oliver Cromwell was made ____ of the Commonwealth ofEngland.A .KingB .GeneralC .Lord ProtectorD .Lord Chancellor87. There are now _____ Roman Catholic provinces in Great Britain.A .5B .7C .9D .1088. Football has its traditional home in ___ .A .EnglandB .Scotland89. _____ is the most typically English of sports.A .FootballB .RugbyC .CricketD .Horse racing90. King ____ was known of his piety as“the Confessor”.A .AlfredB .CanuteC .EdwardD .William91. Henry VIII 's religious reform began as a struggle for _____ .A .powerB .a divorceC .equalityD .peace92. In Britain the last stage for a bill to become law as Acts of parliament is called .A .First and Second ReadingsB .Royal AssentC .Third ReadingD .Committee stage93. The ____ are Anglo-Saxons.A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish94. Which of the following statements is not true about the jury system in the reign of Henry II?A .It was replacing old English ordeals by fire and water and old Norman trials by battle.B .A jury was composed of twelve men.C .The jurors'function was not only to act as witnesses, but to hear evidences and give verdict.D .It was originated from primitive trials in which witnesses were called forward to swear to the innocence of the accused.95. It was _____ that united the Houses of Lancaster and York.A .Edward VB .Richard IIIC .Henry TudorD .John Beaufont96. During the First Civil War of England, the supporters of Parliament were called .A .CavaliersB .RoundheadsC .RoyalistsD .Crusaders97. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from ___ .A .ManchesterB .LiverpoolC .LondonD .Edinburgh98. England got its name“Angle ”land from ___ .A .the CeltsB .the RomansC .the Germanic conquerorsD .the Danes99. Which city used to be the Roman capital in Britain?A .LondonB .YorkC .BathD .Edinburgh100. Which of the following statements is not true about Henry VII?A .He was said to have murdered Edward V and his brother.B .During his reign he refilled the royal treasury through loans, subsidies, property levies and fines.C .He was able to build up England's navy and foreign trade.D .He forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.101. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship without the consent of _____ .A .ParliamentB .the archbishop of CanterburyC .the archbishop of YorkD .the Queen102. The home of golf is ____ .A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .the U.S.A103. Which of the following statements is not true about Elizabeth I?A .Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B .She tried and executed her cousin Mary.C .She was succeeded by her son James VI.D .She enabled England to become a great trading and colonizing country. 104. The game“Rugby”got its name from a ___ .A .townB .countryC .schoolD .person105. Which of the following statements is not true about William the Conqueror?A .He was Duke of Normandy.B .His cavalry was then the finest fighting horsemen in Europe.C .He was Norman.D .He was crowned as King of England at Canterbury.106. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain in_____ .A .1930B .1935C .1940D .1945107. The Open University in Britain was founded in ___ .A .1958B .1969C .1970D .1975108. The Supreme Court of the U.S. consists of one Chief Justice and __ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 10109. During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as ____ .A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army110． ____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. The south111. In the U.S., the Senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3B. 4C. 6D. 8112. The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ____ .A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet Union1. The statement “A person cannot step into the same river twice.”was said byA. PythagorasB. PlatoC. HeraclitusD. Democtitus2. _______ said,“One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales3. ______ founded the science of logic.B. Socrates D. Thales4. The Republic was written by _________ .A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales5. “Question-and-answe ”r technique was created by _______ .A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales6. “The Renaissanc ”e was between ______ .A. 1500-1700 A.D.B. 1400-1700 A.D.C. 1300-1600 A.D. D. 1400-1600 A.D.7. _______ said, I th “ink; therefore, I am ”.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley8. ________ was called the farther of modern Rationalism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley9. ______ was called the modern father of Empiricism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley10. _______ combined elements of both Rationalism and Empiricism into one newcomprehensive system.A. Immanuel KantB. George HegelC. John RockD. George Berkeley11. ______ were mainly interested in love, Nature and art.A. The National RomanticsB. The Universal RomanticsC. The Classical RomanticsD. The contemporary Romantics.12. The British Isles is made up of _______ >A. Three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. Two large islands and hundreds of small onesC. Three large islands and dozens of small onesA. PlatoC. AristotleD. Two large islands and dozens of small ones13. The tower of London, located in the center of London, was built by ______A. King HaroldB. William the ConquerorC. Robin HoodD. Oliver Cromwell14. Between 1337 and 1453 the ____ took place in Britain.A. Wars of RosesB. Black deathC. Hundred Years'warD. peasants uprising15. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a goodreason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is bestreflected by an English proverb ________ .A. as welcome as a stormB. an Englishmen's house is his castleC. don't wear out your welcomeD. outstay one's welcome16. Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II17. Westminster Palace is the __________ .E. seat of British House of ParliamentF. seat of English ChurchG. residence of king and queenH. Residence of Prime MinsterI.18. No. 10 Downing Street is ______ .E. Office of British NavyF. Official residence of Prime MinsterG. Seat of English parliamentH. Official residence of King19. The oldest university in Britain is _______ .A. Cambridge UniversityB. St. Andrews UniversityC. OxfordD. Edinburgh University20. British English is spoken in _____A. Great BritainB. Australia21．The goal of Roosevelt's New Deal was ______ .A. to save the American economic and political systemB. to change the American economic systemC. to weaken monopoly interests in AmericaD. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America.22．The American Civil War lasted from ______ to ______ .A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186723. The American population movement between the end of the civil war and 1880 hadmuch to do with _________ .A. the westward movementB. the urbanizationC. the industrializationD. the development of hi-tech industries25. In the U.S., the senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 826. The _____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists27．_____ constitute the dominant sector of the U.S. economy.A. state-owned businessB. privately owned businessC. independent professionalsD. government-run business。
美国概况-期末考试资料整理
1.Which is the highest mountain range in North America?Rocky Mountains2.At the Second Continental Congress, the committee charged with the responsibility to draft the Declaration of Independence was headed byThomas Jefferson3.The Gilded Age refers to an era of rapid growth and blatant corruption in the late 19th century. The name was borrowed from a novel written byMark Twain4.Congress can make laws to do the following exceptto regulate marriage and divorce可以的：to create lower federal courtto approve a budget for the federal governmentto regulate foreign and interstate commerce5.The Fifth Amendment requires _________________ for anyone who shall be deprived of life, liberty, and property.due process of law正当的法律程序6.The right against double jeopardy refers to the rightagainst a second prosecution after an acquittal or convictionagainst being forced to receive multiple punishments for the same offenseagainst a re-prosecution after a mistrial7.The Miranda Warnings protect the right against forced self-incrimination, allowing the suspect in criminal casesto remain silentto have an attorney present during interrogationto have a government-appointed attorney if he cannot afford one8.In the mid-seventeenth century, while still a British colony, the Puritans introduced two practices,compulsory education and public taxation for schools9.So far, the American population is predominantly white Christians.10.不对Segregation ended when the 14th Amendment granted equal protection to all.10.不对Asian Americans are considered Model minority due to their achievements in all fields.12. GDP per capita is an indicator of living standard of a country.13.Like all groups in society, the homeless are diverse and varied in many ways, exceptGender（Age ethnicity situation）14.The Affordable Care Act or Obamacare, has three goals except .A. make affordable health insurance accessible to more peopleB. expand the Medicaid program to cover all adults with income below 138% of the poverty levelC.try to improve the medical condition as possible as they canD.support innovative medical care delivery methods aimed at lowering the costs of health care15.Which party does Theodore Roosevelt -Republic? VS Franklin D. Roosevelt-Democrat16.By 1860, which party had established itself as the major party in the North?the Republicans17.Which of the following is not a strategy that will be adopted by interest groups if they want to make a change in public policy?advocacypublic campaignslobbying governmentsmodifying the laws18.The Gettysburg Address-Abraham Lincoln-the famous saying: “…and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth”is proposed in19.What was the occupation of most colonists in British North America?farmer20.What is the American Dream, in a few short words?work hard enough to achieve upward mobility21.Which of the following jobs requires no professional license in America?journalist22.The first American newspapers date from- the beginning of the eighteenth century23.The place in a newspaper where you would expect to see an unsigned article criticizing Donald Trump is--the editorial page24.T he place in a newspaper where you would expect to see an objective news story about a major international event is--the front page25.A longstanding legal precedent is that libel is when anything untrue is said in print about an individual一个长期存在的法律先例是，诽谤是指报纸上刊登的有关个人的不真实言论26.W hich of the following is one of the traditional broadcast networks?ABC27.W ho filmed the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963?some guy witha home-movie camera28.W hat was the first war to receive extensive on-the-spot coverage with television cameras?-the Vietnam War29.W hat was a movietone?-a film of recent news that was shown at a movie theater30.D rug offenses include-trafficking of drugs贩卖毒品31.O pponents of gun control believe that-guns deter crime rather than cause crime.32.T he Democratic Party is more prone to promote-universal backgroundchecks-longer waiting periods between firearm purchase.the reform of mental health laws.the resumption of death penalty.33.T he causes of police abuse to people of color arehigher rate of poverty and unemployment among themexaggerated media coverage of the threat of colored peopleracial bias-gun and drug problems34.T he Supreme Court infers the power of _ judicial review __from Article III of the Constitution. judicial independence35.t he Supreme Court is the final interpreter of the Constitution.36.T he justice selection process is intended to maintain separation of powers between the__Senate and the president.37.C ommon law follows the principle of _stare decisis_____, which means later cases should follow the decisions of similar past cases.Which of the following sporting events has the highest average attendance in the world, and is the most attended professional sporting event inAmerica?NFL--National Football LeagueGambling is a common activity on many American trips. Which are the two cities where gambling is legalized?-Las Vegas and Atlantic City38.Y ellowstone is the first and oldest national park in the worldElectronic media ‘s effects on American leisure and president electionPeople go out less, sleep less and read lessexaggerated media coverage of the threat of colored peoplethe right of speech and the right of a free press under the First Amendment can come into conflict with the right of an individual to protect his or her reputation and intellectual property.TV has influenced presidential election in the following 5 waysA longer election cycle,more stress on personality and image, the increased importance of debates, the introduction of campaign ads, the dominance of media consultants in presidential campaign. In the early days of mass media, TV, newspapers and radio were used as tools by presidential campaigns. The candidates needed to appeal to the public, so they would use the media to do it. Today,the mass media is not just a means to an end, but one of the most important factors in determining whether a candidate for president wins or loses the election. The role of the media adviser is to control the way the public sees the candidate's image. They make sure that the candidate doesn't do anything to damage that image in interviews, at news conferences or during live speeches. From national, to state and local elections, 50 to 75 percent of a campaign's funds are typically spent on ad production and air time.Ads are effective because they can reach people who aren't usually interested in reading campaign coverage, attending rallies or watching the news.Campaigns buy up time during popular programs so they can catch these potential voters off guard没有防备.Personality and image have always been influential in presidential elections. FDR was extremely popular, largely because of his intimate "fireside chats," regular radio addresses that gave the American people the impression that he was a friendly, fatherly leader。
大一英美概况试题及答案
大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。
美国概况政治试题及答案
美国概况政治试题及答案一、选择题1. 美国的首都是哪座城市？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 华盛顿特区D. 芝加哥答案：C2. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 2年B. 4年C. 6年D. 8年答案：B3. 美国的立法机构是什么？A. 最高法院B. 国会C. 行政院D. 参议院答案：B4. 美国的三权分立原则包括哪三个机构？A. 国会、最高法院、行政院B. 参议院、众议院、最高法院C. 行政院、立法院、司法院D. 国会、最高法院、州政府答案：C5. 美国的联邦制中，州政府拥有哪些权力？A. 只有联邦政府授予的权力B. 除了宪法禁止的权力外的所有权力C. 只限于本州范围内的权力D. 与联邦政府共享所有权力答案：B二、填空题6. 美国的独立宣言是在________年通过的。
答案：17767. 美国宪法的第一条修正案保障了公民的________权利。
答案：言论自由8. 美国的两党制主要由________和民主党组成。
答案：共和党9. 美国的最高法院拥有________权。
答案：司法审查10. 美国的参议院由每州选出的________名参议员组成。
答案：2三、简答题11. 简述美国的政治制度的特点。
答案：美国的政治制度以联邦制为基础，实行三权分立原则，包括立法权、行政权和司法权。
政治体制为总统制，总统是国家元首和政府首脑，同时拥有行政权。
国会分为参议院和众议院，负责立法。
最高法院和其他联邦法院构成司法系统，负责解释法律和宪法。
12. 美国的选举制度是如何运作的？答案：美国的选举制度包括直接选举和间接选举两种形式。
总统选举采用选举人团制度，即选民投票选出选举人，再由选举人投票选出总统。
国会议员、州长和地方官员等则通过选民直接投票产生。
四、论述题13. 论述美国政治文化中的个人主义和自由主义。
答案：美国政治文化深受个人主义和自由主义的影响。
个人主义强调个人权利和自由，认为个人应当有追求幸福和自我实现的权利。
自由主义则主张政府应当保护公民的基本自由，限制政府权力，以防止权力滥用。
1美国概况练习-1(含答案)
A.FranceB.SpainC .Italy D .Britain
11. Ernest Hemingway is _____.
A. EnglishmanB. AmericanC.Dutch D. Denmark
1 ._____is the largest city and the chief port of theUnited States.
A .Washington D.C B .Los Angeles C____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.
5. The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.
A .Thomas Jefferson B. James Monroe C. James MadisonD .Abraham Lincoln
20. In which day is Halloween celebrated？
A .5 NovemberB. 31 OctoberC .17 March D. 25 December
练习题答案及题解:
1 .D， 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口?
2. A， 黑人在美国的经济和社会地位都最为低下?
C .both George Washington and Christopher Columbus
D .none of them
4 .American and British English are two_____ of the English language.
美国复习
美国会考复习（二十）
1.美国领土除北美洲中部本土外，还包括北美洲西北部的州和大洋洲的州，因此，美国和埃及、俄罗斯、巴拿马等国一样地跨两大洲。
2.美国地形由南北纵列的三大地形区组成，即西部以山脉为主体的高大山地、中部广阔的、东部低缓的山脉。
境内有河自北向南流入墨西哥湾。
3.美国经济高度发达，工农业总值一直居世界第位，许多农产品产量和出口量均居世界前列。
其农业具有化和化两大特点，但热带（温度带）带农产品需大量进口，原因是美国国土大部分属于北温（温度带）带，位于热带地区的夏威夷州以业为主。
4．美国本土农业带分布反映了其农业专门化的特点，美国东北部五大湖区及大西洋沿岸属带，该农业带布局的因素是这里气候冷湿，有利于牧草生长；人口稠密，需要量大。
目前，美国许多农场实行制度和法，以保护耕地。
5.美国发展工业的优势有①自然资源丰富；②交通运输发达；③科技力量雄威。
目前美国传统工业呈衰落状态，新兴工业则迅速发展，世界著名的高技术产业区“硅谷”位于（城市）。
美国最大的城市和港口是；太平洋沿岸最大港口是；交通中心是；汽车城是；钢铁中心是。
6、读图：。
美国概况期末复习.docx
美国考点1、Melting Pot :The USA is honorably called "Melting Pot”,a phrase commonly used to signify the mixture and assimilation of different races that have immigrated into the US.2、C apitakWashington D.C3、T homas Jefferson was the first president inaugurated there.4、T he White House is the official presidential residence.5、T he Big Apple:New York City is often called "The Big Apple",which was termed by jazz musician to describe something that is the ultimate in size,excitement and achievement.6、C ommittee of Correspondence----Sons of Liberty 自由之子组织An organization before the American Independence War.ln 1772,at the suggestion of Samuel Adams,the Boston town meeting appointed a "Committee of Correspondence'7 to get in touch with people of other towns of the colonies about England's treatment of the settlers.7、t he Declaration o independencev独立宣言〉According to the development of the situation,the Second Continental Congress which was still in session decided to draw up a declaration of independence at the suggestion of Richard Herry Lee,a representative of Virginia.The document was drawn by a committee including Thomas Jefferson as head. On July 4th ,1776,the document was accepted by the Congress and since then July 4th has been observed as National Day of the United States.8、Monroe Doctrine 门罗主义Not long after the war of 1812,some European colonies in South Africa began to revolt and many of them started independent republics,such as Chile,Peru,Mexico and Brazil.So some European countries formed a group called the Holy Alliance（l申圣同盟）which seemed ready to help put down the South America revolutions.The United States thought it was unfavorable to her if the Holy Alliance extended its influence in South America.In 1823 President Monroe sent a message to Congress.This is known as "Monroe Doctrine".The main points are :①The European countries ought not to start any new colonies in North or South America.（2） The European Countries ought not to interfere with the newly---established South American republics.（3） The United States ought not to interfere in the affairs of European countries .This Monroe Doctrine stopped the Holy Alliance's program ,and prevented the European countries from extending their influence in South American.However,it also revealed that the United States meant to control the whole of the Americas.The "Monroe Doctrine" marked a new beginning in American history and it was an important symbol of America expansionism. 9、The American Civil War 10、(l)Q:What was the situation before the Civil War?And why was the war inevitable?(lasted 4 years,1861~1865)A: l)Three Great Tides.①The first tide was the "Westward Movement".Between 1815 and 1830 over 500,000 Europeans came into the United States.Theses immigrants,landless farmers,and jobless workers moved westward to the vast area of wilderness.(2)The second tide was about the two economic systems in the North and the South.----Industrial and Plantation.(I业经济与种植园经济)This was the main cause of the conflict and also the main cause of the Civil War between the North and the South.(3)The third tide was the growth of the working class.The Western Movement,the two different economic systems of the North and the South and the upsurge of the worker's movement formed the main aspects of the situation before the Civil War.2)The Slavery ProblemShortly after the revolution the Northern states began to get rid of their slaves because slave labor wars not profitable.1852---"Uncle Tom's Cabin"came out,written by Harriet Beecher Stowe.3)The Political Conflicts①the Republicans and the Democrats（2） 1859,John Brown's uprising.He won the hearts of many Northerners and his act helped to promote the outbreak of the Civil War.（3） 1860,Abraham Lincoln was elected president.Seven seceded statesleaved the Union and planned to set up a new country called "the Confederate Union of America".4）To tackle the matter at its root,it was a struggle between the two different social systems,the progressive and the backward.The existence of the slavery system had to be eliminated for it stood in the way for the further development of the capitalist economy through out the country.This is why the Civil War eventually broke out.（2） Q： What was the significance of the Civil War?A:① The civil war was an epoch-making event in American History .（2） It was a bourgeois revolution in nature , a continuation and expansion of the War of Independence .（3） It was a struggle of life and death between two social systems , between the progressive and the backward , between the one that could push history forward and the one that would drug history to the old times .（4） It abolished the slave system ；Swept the obstacles to the development of U.S capitalist production .（3） The Homesteat Bill and the Emancipation Proclamation（1863.1.1）Karl Marx said it was "the most important document in American history since the founding of the United States"10、America——China美国侵略中国①In 1844,China was compelled to sign the unequal "Treaty of Wangxia”.（美国与中国签订的第一个不平等条约）②Inl868, the US forced the Chinese government to sign another unequal treaty"The treaty of Tianjin”③1900, Eight-Power Allied Forces war of aggression against China.④In Sino-American relations,/Theodore Roosevelt advantaged and exercised the so -callecTOpen Door Policy'7,invading China by means of both force and culture.The US joined the foreign forces in suppressing the Chinese"Boxers",and in 1906 put down the Cuban uprising.11、The Versailles-Washington System①The peace treaty was finally signed at Versailles near Paris on June 28th ,1919,but it failed in its purpose.The Congress of the US just refused to ratify the treaty.Nor did it agree to join the League of Nations.The Paris Peace Treaty mainly adjusted the relationships among the imperialist powers in the West .However,in the Far East and the Pacific Region, the ,the contradictions among the imperialist powers,between the USA and Japan in particular,were still very sharp.②The Washington Conference was the the continuation of Paris Conference.lt consolidated the imperialist powers domination of the FarEast and the Pacific Region.In this way,the Versailles-Washington System was established,which for the time being alleviated the contradiction among the imperialist powers.12、T he Great Depression of (1929-1933)In November, 1929,t here swept a "Great Crash”.The economic crisis emerged at the end of the prosperous 1920,s and it occurred unavoidably.13、R oosevelt's"New Deal”"The New Deal"is a program made by franklin.D.Roosevelt to deal with the emergency and save the situation.①At home, many public projects were launched to create employment.Crops were destroyed and agricultural production was cut down to stabilize the falling farm prizes.The big industries were also compelled to make reforms.②At aboard,Roosevelt took efforts to consolidate the old markets and to conquer ne one's under the cloak of the "Good Neighbour Policy"③Roosevelt also took some measures of "social security",paying pensions to the old,unemployed and the injured."The New Deal"had a certain historical importance.lt relaxed the economic crisis,made some concessions to the working people,stopped the national economy form from collapsing and especially prevented the US from becominga fascist state such as Germany,Italy and Japan.14、一战双方：the Central PowersC 同盟国)includes Germany, Austria , and Italy ; the Allies（协约国）：England , France , and Russia .15、二战双方：the Axis powers （轴心国）;the Allies （协约国）16、T ruman Doctrine 杜鲁门主义In the spring of 1947 , for the purpose of established the U.S. Hegemony in the postwar world , declared the notorious "Truman Doctrine", aiming at expanding American sphere of influence and suppressing the revolution .It marked the beginning of the "Cold War”.17、M arshall Plan马歇尔计划Early in 1947 , Secretary of Marshall suggested a sweeping program to restore the economic of Europe . And this was known as the Marshall Plan,which offered American money ,supplies ,and machinery to any European nation that wish to participate in .18、VOA （Voice of America） 19、NBA（the National Basketball Association）。
美国概况习题
美国概况习题第一篇：美国概况习题美国概况Part One GeographyChapter IIPopulationExercisesλ New York is the largest state in the US.(T/F)λWhy is the U.S.A.called “Melting Pot”?Answersλ F(Alaska)λBecause the U.S.A.is country where there are many different races, and these races mixed and assimilated after they immigrated into this country “Melting Pot” just signifies this mixture and assimilation.Chapter VReligion in the U.S.A.Exercisesν The popular American belief is___A.part-time workingB.self-made manC.manual laborD.being extravagantν The largest religious group in America is___A.Roman CatholicsB.ProtestantsC.OrthodistsD.Presbyteriansνthe American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:Answersν BBνthe American spirit of “do-it-yourself”:People are proud of doing everything by themselves.Most of the American families seldom hire people to do houseworkthough they are rich.They try to do what they can do, such as housework, gardening and they enjoy doing them.Part twoHistoryChapter IColonization of North AmericaExercisesϖ The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in the year of ____A.1620B.1607C.1776D.1492ϖThe turning point of the War of Independence was the Battle of ___in 1777.A.YorktownB.SaratogaC.Bunker HillD.LexingtonϖLexington Fire was the ___of American War of IndependenceA.turning pointB.endingC.causeD.preludeAnswersBBDChapter IVThe American Civil War(1861-1865)Exercisesω Abraham Lincolnω In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very important measures.One was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.Homeworkω Why was there the New Deal program? What was it? And how did it aid the recovery of the American economy? ω What important measures did Abraham Lincoln take during the Civil War? How do you evaluate them?Chapter VThe U.S.Imperialism and the First World WarExercisesϒThe first imperialist war took place between theU.S.and ___in 1898.A.BritainB.FranceC.SpainD.MexicoϒThe “Big Stick” Policy was advanced by President___.A.Theodore RooseveltB.Franklin RooseveltC.William MckinleyD.Thomas Woodrow WilsonϒPresident Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed a well-knownpolicy called___ to save the economic situation.A.the Open Door PolicyB.the New DealC.Good Neighbor PolicyD.the “Big Stick”AnswersCABPartTheresociallifeChapter IIICustoms and TraditionsExercisesυ Easter:Easter falls on the first Sunday after the full moon, in March or in April.It commemorates the Resurrection of Jesus.The custom of dying eggs is very popular among children.The main meat on Easter Sunday are lamb and ham.υ Thanksgiving Day: It falls on the fourth Thursday of November.It is a holiday on which God is thanked for the crops which have been safely gathered.ω Abraham Lincolnω In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president, an anti-slavery president.He played a very importantmeasures.One was the Homestead Bill, the other was Emancipation Proclamation in every field.In 1864, he was reelected president.He was assassinated in April 13,1865.He saved the Union and most Americans considered him a great national hero.第二篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况Political institution（政治制度）1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。
英美概况复习资料
美国概况练习题：1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____.4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____.5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party.6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions.9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________.10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.练习题答案及题解:1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。
2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。
美国概况复习题
美国概况复习题美国概况复习题美国，作为世界上最大的发达国家之一，其独特的历史、文化和政治体系备受人们关注。
为了更好地了解美国，下面将提供一些关于美国概况的复习题，帮助读者回顾和巩固对美国的了解。
一、历史与地理1. 请简要描述美国独立战争的背景和结果。
2. 美国的首都是哪里？请列举其他一些重要的城市。
3. 美国的地理特点有哪些？请简要介绍。
4. 美国是如何扩张领土的？请列举一些重要的扩张事件。
二、政治与制度1. 美国的政治体系是什么样的？请简要介绍。
2. 请解释美国的三权分立和制衡原则。
3. 美国的总统是如何产生的？请列举选举总统的程序。
4. 请简要介绍美国的两个主要政党。
三、经济与文化1. 美国的经济体系是什么样的？请简要介绍。
2. 美国是世界上最大的经济体之一，其经济的主要特点是什么？3. 美国的文化多样性是如何形成的？请列举一些重要的文化影响因素。
4. 请简要介绍美国的教育体系。
四、社会与民生1. 美国的人口构成是怎样的？请简要介绍。
2. 美国的社会福利制度是什么样的？请列举一些重要的社会福利项目。
3. 美国的医疗保健体系是怎样的？请简要介绍。
4. 美国的犯罪率如何？请简要介绍美国的刑事司法系统。
五、国际关系与挑战1. 美国的外交政策是什么样的？请简要介绍。
2. 美国在国际事务中的地位和影响力如何？3. 美国面临的主要国内和国际挑战有哪些？请列举一些重要的挑战。
4. 美国与中国的关系如何？请简要介绍。
以上是一些关于美国概况的复习题，希望能够帮助读者回顾和巩固对美国的了解。
通过回答这些问题，读者可以进一步了解美国的历史、政治、经济、文化和社会等方面的信息，从而更好地理解这个国家。
同时，也可以通过这些问题对自己的知识进行检验，找出自己的不足之处，并进一步学习和提高。
美国作为一个多元化和复杂的国家，其概况的了解对于拓宽人们的视野和增进对世界的理解至关重要。
希望读者通过这些复习题能够对美国有更深入的认识。
英语国家概况海量练习题(美国)
29. The first Puritans came to America on the ship _____.
A. Codpeed C. May Flower B. Susan Constant D. Discovery
30. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____. A. the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President 31. The general election in America is held every _____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3 32. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution. A. The Cabinet B. The Supreme Court C. President D. Congress
22. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____. A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. William Penn D. Benjamin Franklin 23. _____ of all crops planted in America are destined for export to other countries. A. 1/3 B 1/4 C. 2/3 D. 2/5
5. The US formally entered the Second World War in ____
A 1937 B 1939 C 1941 D 1943
美国概况政治试题及答案
美国概况政治试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 美国的首都是哪里？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 华盛顿特区D. 芝加哥答案：C2. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 6年C. 8年D. 10年答案：A3. 美国的立法机构是什么？A. 国会B. 最高法院C. 总统D. 州议会答案：A4. 美国的联邦制意味着什么？A. 各州拥有完全的自治权B. 各州与联邦政府共享权力C. 各州必须完全服从联邦政府D. 联邦政府拥有所有权力答案：B5. 美国的两党制指的是哪两个政党？A. 民主党和共和党B. 自由党和保守党C. 社会党和工党D. 绿党和茶党答案：A6. 美国的独立宣言是在哪一年签署的？A. 1776年B. 1783年C. 1789年D. 1791年答案：A7. 美国宪法的起草是在哪个会议上完成的？A. 费城会议B. 波士顿会议C. 纽约会议D. 华盛顿会议答案：A8. 美国的最高法院有多少位大法官？A. 5位B. 7位C. 9位D. 11位答案：C9. 美国的参议院和众议院的议员任期分别是多少年？A. 6年和2年B. 4年和2年C. 2年和4年D. 8年和4年答案：B10. 美国的总统选举是采用什么制度？A. 直接选举B. 间接选举C. 比例代表制D. 多数票制答案：B二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 美国的联邦政府由哪些机构组成？A. 总统B. 国会C. 最高法院D. 州政府答案：ABC2. 美国的宪法修正案中，以下哪些是基本权利？A. 言论自由B. 宗教自由C. 拥有枪支的权利D. 选举权答案：ABC3. 美国的两党制中，以下哪些是民主党和共和党的主要政策差异？A. 经济政策B. 社会政策C. 外交政策D. 教育政策答案：ABC三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）1. 简述美国联邦制的特点。
答案：美国联邦制的特点在于联邦政府和州政府之间权力的分配。
联邦政府负责国防、外交、货币发行等国家事务，而州政府则负责教育、交通、公共安全等地方事务。
美国概况考试复习1
1. Four greatest presidentsThey are George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt. George Washington won the independence of the United States, and he was also the first president of the United States. Thomas Jefferson drew up the declaration of Independence, and he also was the first secretary of state, the second vice president and the third president. He purchased Louisiana from France and enlarged its territory twice. Abraham Lincoln defeated the southern power in the Civil War and abolished slavery. Theodore Roosevelt dealt with the great depression in the first economic crisis successfully by creating the New Deal.5. What were the causes of the War of Independence?The economy in the thirteen colonies developed very fast and people wanted more power to determine their own business. But the policy of the British government was to bring the development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies. On April 19, 1775, on their way to Concord to seize the military supplies of the militia there, the British soldiers met armed militiamen. The shots were fired, the War of Independence began.6. The 2nd war of BritainBefore the war of 1812 broke out, Britain and France went to war again. The British Navy searched American ships and seized American seamen and forced them into British service. And due to disputes over trade and territory and desire to get Florida and Canada, Congress declared war with Britain in 1812. During the war, Francis Scott Key, a young lawyer who was greatly moved by the bravery and perseverance of the American soldier, was inspired to write “The Star-Spangled Banner”, which became the national anthem of the United Stated. The war was enhanced the position of the United States as an independent country was sometimes called the “Second War for Independence”7. Westward Expansion (1789–1849).In the history of America from the 1780s to the 1840s, American pioneers pushed westward from the Atlantic Coast, building settlements in the wilderness, droving out the Indians and lying out farms for three great frontiers. This is called Westward Expansion.Westward Expansion caused conflict with Native Indian who was gradually forced off their own land and home. Many of them were killed off or driven to some waste areas. Though there are some negative influences have been brought forth by Westward Expansion, these bad effects are still less important when compared with its passive influences. On the one hand, the Westward Expansion largely increased the amount of Americans resources, greatly enlarged America‟s territory, and motivated the growth of population and the development of big cities lie on the coast of Atlantic. On the other hand, Westward Expansion brought significant influences to the society. For instance, in terms of politics, economy, culture, thought, and so on.8. Causes, process & Effect of Civil WarCause: the difference in the economy system between the North and the South is the original source of the controversy. Westward expansion intensified the debate on slavery between them. On April 12, 1, 861, southern troops fired on Fort Sumter, a feudal military port in Charleston, south California. The war bombardment of Fort Sumter released the explosive force of the sectional tensions that had accumulated during the preceding decade, the war broke out.Process: Without adequate preparation, the North was at a disadvantageous situation at the beginning of the war. After Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation, many black people joined in the North Army. The battle of Gettysburg in 1863 was the turning point of the war and in 1864 the war ended with the surrender of the South.Influence:It maintained the national unity, abolished the slave system and contributed to the development of American capitalism on economy and politics.9. The US Spanish war1898 when the US battleship “marine” was blown up in Havana harbor. Americans blamed Spain on April 25, 1898, congress declared war on Spain at the request of President William McKinley. The wa r with Spain lasted only four months and ended with Spain‟s defeat. As a result of the Spanish American war, Philippines and Puerto Rico became parts of the US.Militarily speaking, the Spanish—American war was so brief and relatively bloodless that it might have been a passing episode in modern history. However, its political and diplomatic consequence was enormous because it catapulted the US onto a new road of imperialism.10. The Truman Doctrine:On March 12, 1947, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine in a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.11. The Marshall PlanOn June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced the Marshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.12. Who was McCarthy and what was McCarthyism?Joseph R. McCarthy was U.S. Senator. He started his campaign by saying on Feb. 9, 1950 that he had the names of over 200 Communists in the State Department. His campaign of accusation and anti-Communist hysteria was called McCarthyism.13. The “Cold War”,The “Cold War”, a term popularized by Winston Churchill in 1946, means altern ative forms of warfare that rely on limited violence and ideological, economic and political methods. It was a war because the USSR‟s avowed purpose was a world socialist revolution while the USA tried to maintain the exiting government. President Harry Truman established a policy called “Truman Doctrine” changing the US policy from isolation to intervention. And then Secretary of State, George Marshall proposed a plan for the economic rehabilitation to Europe called Marshall Plan. And in 1949, American, Canada and ten European countries joined the North Atlantic Treaty organization (NATO). At last, President Ronald Reagan ended the …cold war‟.14 FederalismFederalism is a system of the government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units. The federal government of the United States is the national government of the constitutional republic of fifty states that is the United States of America. The federal government comprises three distinct branches of government: a legislative, an executive and a judiciary. These branches and their various powers are delineated in the U.S. Constitution; the powers are specified in greater detail in laws enacted by Congress。
英美概况复习题
英美概况复习题英美概况复习题一、地理概况英美两国位于北美洲，英国位于欧洲西北部，英国是英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家的联合王国，美国则是由50个州组成的联邦共和国。
英国是一个岛国，由大不列颠岛和北爱尔兰岛组成，美国则是一个大陆国家，横跨北美洲。
英国的首都是伦敦，美国的首都是华盛顿特区。
二、历史概况英国是一个历史悠久的国家，曾经是大英帝国的核心。
英国在16世纪经历了工业革命，成为世界上第一个工业化国家，对世界的政治、经济和文化产生了深远的影响。
美国则是一个相对较年轻的国家，于18世纪末脱离英国殖民地的统治，成立了独立的美利坚合众国。
美国在19世纪经历了西进运动和内战，逐渐成为世界上最强大的国家之一。
三、政治制度英国是一个君主立宪制国家，国家元首是女王伊丽莎白二世，但实际上政府的运作主要由首相和议会负责。
英国的议会制度是二院制，由上议院和下议院组成。
美国则是一个总统制国家，国家元首和政府首脑是同一人，即总统。
美国的议会制度是两院制，由参议院和众议院组成。
四、经济概况英国是一个发达的资本主义经济体，以服务业为主导，金融、保险、房地产等行业发达。
英国是世界上最大的外汇市场之一，伦敦也是全球金融中心之一。
美国是世界上最大的经济体，以多元化的经济结构闻名，制造业、金融业、科技业等都非常发达。
美国的纽约、洛杉矶等城市也是世界级的金融中心和商业中心。
五、文化概况英国和美国都有丰富的文化遗产。
英国是莎士比亚的故乡，拥有众多文学巨匠，如狄更斯、奥斯卡·王尔德等。
英国的音乐、戏剧和电影产业也非常发达，披头士乐队、皇后乐队等都是英国的文化符号。
美国是好莱坞的发源地，拥有世界上最大的电影产业。
美国的音乐、文学和艺术也非常丰富多样，爵士乐、摇滚乐、现代艺术等都是美国的文化瑰宝。
六、教育体系英国和美国都拥有世界一流的教育体系。
英国的剑桥大学、牛津大学等享有盛誉，被认为是世界上最好的大学之一。
美国的哈佛大学、斯坦福大学等也是世界顶尖的教育机构。
(2020年整理)美国概况考试复习资料 问题及简答.doc
1. How many states in the US?50states2. Which is the largest state in the main land? Texas3. Which is the largest state in the whole country? Alaska4. The youngest state of the USHawaii5. How many colonies? The name of three parts.13New EnglandMiddle Atlantic StatesSouth Atlantic States6. Try to describe the location of America. Northern HemisphereNorth pacificGulf of MexicoNorth Atlantic OceanMexico Canada7. Three division geographically.HighlandsPlainMountains8. The backbone of the America. - The highest peak. Rocky & Mount Mitchell9. The father of the water.Mississippi River10. The great lakesSuperior RiverMichigan RiverHuron RiverErie RiverOntario River11. Crater Lake – The Deepest12. The highest peak outside AlaskaMount Whitney13. The capital city of America & the famous river in Washington D.C Washington D.C & the Potomac River14. The largest city in the US & the famous river in New YorkNew York & the Hudson River15. The Melting PotIt is metaphorically used to refer to the United States because it is a country of many ethnic groups from different parts of the world, who came to the New World to seek for freedom in politics or religion. They have been dissipating their different ethic cultures toward some “standard” by living and working together in the “melting pot” of the United States and gradually forming a new nation.16. The first colonyWhite Anglo-Saxon Protestants (W ASPs)17. The first west peopleAnglo Saxon18. The largest ethnic-racial minority groupAfrican-American19. The freedom of black peopleLincoln & Emancipation of Declaration in 186320. Hispanics refer toSpanish21. The ConstitutionWas framed in Philadelphia in 1787 and ratified in 1789.This is the first constitution in the world.22. Check and balanceThe Constitution follows two principles:the federal system &the “separation of powers.”Two principles: federal; state principle for localThree divisions:23. The position of PresidentCommandeer-in-chiefHead of stateChief executive24. The power of presidentThe President has a veto power over bills passed by Congress.The President has the power of appointing as many as thousands of officers.The President has the power to conduct foreign affairs.The President can make executive agreements with other countries without the approval of the Senate.25. The power of congressCongress has the power to make any laws that are considered “necessar y and proper.”Congress has the power to impose taxes, decide the expenditures of the government, control trade with foreign nations, and establish and protect a monetary system.Congress has the power to raise and maintain an army and a navy and declare war upon other countries.26. DepartmentsSpeaker of the House of Representatives 众议院长President pro tempore of the Senate参议院临时主席Secretary of State国务卿Secretary of the Treasury财政部长Secretary of Defense 国防部长Attorney General 司法部长；最高法院院长Postmaster General 邮政总长Secretary of the Interior 内政部长Secretary of Agriculture 农业部长Secretary of Commerce 商业部长Secretary of Labor 劳工部长27. Five steps of Presidential Election1.Primary (from February to June of the Election Year)This is the election of delegates to the national conventions of the two parties.2.The National Conventions(in July or August)Tasks:To discuss and accept the party platformTo choose the presidential and vice presidential candidates3.The Election Campaign(from September to November)4.The Election Day(On the first Tuesday after thefirst Monday in November inan election year)5.Casting the Electoral V ote(the first Monday after the second Wednesday of December in an election year)28. The significance of discovery of new world.Positive effects:Widen people’s horizonOpened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisiePromoted the development of commerce, sea navigation and industry, and provided the way for the rapid development of early capitalism Passive effect :After the discovery of the New World, the European powers sent many explorers to the new continents and they began to compete against each other in occupying the New World.29. The May Flower CompactMayflower Compact was the plan of government sighted on the Mayflower by 41 English settlers off Cape Cod, on November 11, 1620, before landing and founding their settlement at Plymouth. The Mayflower Compact was a plan for a democratic society, and was a model for later colonies; its ideas lie behind (为某事的理由) the US Constitution of 1789.30. The cause of the French Indian war(1756-1763) Britain began to compete with France over the fur trade in the Ohio ValleyThe result: The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended the French and IndianWar and forced France to relinquish to Great Britain all her lands extending westward to the Mississippi River.31. 1774 - First Continental CongressThe first Continental Congress assembled in Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia55 representatives from all the colonies except GeorgiaThe motto of the colonies was “No taxation without representation.”32. Shock in Lexiton33. the significance of Independence War: The American revolution was an event of great historic importance:It gave the colonies their right to national independence and assured US capitalism of a free development.The direct social change brought about by the Revolution was the emancipation of slaves who fought against the British.It was the first large-scale revolutionary movement of the colonial people against national oppression for political and economic emancipation. Its victory greatly encouraged the people in the Latin American colonies ruled by the Spanish and other colonies in the world.33. The Second Continental Congress 1775In May, 1775, the Second Continental Congress was held with representatives from all 13 colonies, which lasted throughout the whole war.34. Civil Wari: The Background of Civil War:①The Territorial Expansion②The Economic Expansion③Economic Antagonism between the North and the South④Disputes over Slaveryii:6 Steps of the Territorial Expansions：①the Treaty of Paris②The Louisiana Purchase③occupied Florida④Mexican-US War (1846-1848)⑤Oregon Region from England⑥The US purchased Alaska and Aleutian Islands from Czarist Russia (沙俄) in 1867.iii. Method: purchasing, war and invasioniv. Result: By the mid-19th century, the size of the US was 10 times larger than the total area of the original thirteen states. By the late 19th century, the United States had finished its territorial expansion in the Continent.v. Influence: the land expansion brought huge disaster to Native Americans. However, the west territory was developed during this period and the expansion promoted the development of American economy. Otherwise, the contradiction would be more incisive between the North and South.35. the Civil War1. The causes of the War:In the presidential election of 1860, the Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed.The Origin of SlaveryConflicts Arising from Slavery2. Anti-Slavery Movement3. Process of the Civil War:The War broke out on April 12, 1861 and ended on April 9, 1865.①the battle of Bull RunThe Union was beaten.②the battle of Chancellorsvillethe Union forces suffered a severe defeat.③the battle of GettysburgThe Union forces won a great victory at Gettysburg and this greatly encouraged the Union army.④the battle of MississippiThe Union forces won an almost uninterrupted series of victories.4. Consequences of the WarSignificance of Civil War:▪To preserve the Union▪To solve the agrarian problem▪To destroyed the feudal slavery-plantation system▪To develop American capitalism at a higher speed after the war▪To be called the Second American Bourgeois Revolution▪Not to emancipate the Negroes completely35. Spanish America WarResult: occupied the colony of SpainCuba belong to USSignificance: new stageModern36. Roosevelt New DealDestroy agricultureLaunch public37. The definition of Ivy League8 private universities38. Which is the capital city of Canada?Ottawa39. Which is the biggest city of Canada?Toronto40. How many provinces in Canada?10 and 3 territories①Yukon Territory②Northwest Territory③Nunavut④British Columbia⑤Alberta⑥Saskatchewan⑦Manitoba⑧Ontario⑨Quebec⑩New BrunswickNova ScotiaPrince Edward IslandNewfoundland41. How many parts in Canada? The structure of Aboriginal people.First Nations ≠Canada’s Aboriginal peoplesCanada’s Aboriginal peoples: First Nations .Métis. Inuit42. The capital city of Australia?Canberra43. The largest city in Australia44. Describe the location of Australia45. How many parts in Australia and their capital city.①Western Australia Perth②Northern Territory Darwin③South Australia Adelaide④Queensland Brisbane⑤New South Wales Sydney⑥Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Canberra⑦Victoria Melbourne⑧Tasmania Hobart46. National bird in AustraliaEmus47. National bird in New Zealand.Kiwi48. The name of two main islands and the capital city of themSouth Island & north Island49. The largest city in the whole country, in the north island50. National flag.Union Jack & South Cross.51. The native people in the New Zealand.Maries。
美国国家概况考题
美国国家概况考题Unit1The country（）1.The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.（）2.The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.（）3.The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied,containing some of the highest mountains in North America,but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus,and isolated ranges.（）4.Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter. ()5.New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.()6.Washington D.C.is located in the Southern States Region.()7.Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition.()8.The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.()s Vegas and Reno stand out as“American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries.()10.Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.1.The United States of America is the____________country in the world in size.rgestB.second-largestC.third-largestD.fourth-largest2.____________extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A.The Rocky MountainsB.The Appalachian HighlandsC.The Coast MountainsD.The Blue Mountains3.The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________.A.the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB.the Gulf of MexicoC.the Great LakesD.All of the above4.What is the leading commercial crop of the south?A.Cotton.B.Tobacco.C.Sugar cane.D.Rice.5.What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?A.Chicago.B.Detroit.waukee.D.Cleveland.6.One of the most important lakes in the United States is_________,which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.ke Superiorke Michiganke Huronke Ontario7.New England lies in__________of the United States.A.the northern partB.the southern partC.the northeastern partD.the southeastern part8.The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a___________climate.A.subtropicalB.continental desertC.maritimeD.Mediterranean9.The smallest state in the United States is___________.A.WashingtonB.Rhode IslandC.HawaiiD.Maryland10.In the United States,the largest city along the Pacific coast is___________.A.Los AngelesB.San FranciscoC.SeattleD.PortlandUnit2History（)1.The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown,Virginia,in1607.()2.The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into17colonies.()3.When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the1860election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life,they decided to secede from the Confederacy.（）4.The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement,demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.（)5.The Stock Market collapse occurred in1928in the United States.()6.The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the1950s.()7.Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.（)8.The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in1992.1.The British established13colonies along_________.A.the west coast of North AmericaB.the west coast of South AmericaC.the east coast of North AmericaD.the east coast of South America2.In the early1850s,with the westward movement,the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because_________.A.whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB.the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territoriesC.the North refused to let slavery spread into new territoriesD.the North wanted to put an end to slavery3.The Progressive Movement wanted to________in order to stop big business control.A.initiate strict government regulationB.have the government fix pricesC.break up all the big businessesD.do away with rebates4.The1920s in the United States has been described asa period of____________.A.cultural revivalB.loss of purposeC.development in science and technologyD.material success and spiritual frustration5.The serious economic crisis in the late1920s and1930s was first brought about by_____________.A.bank failuresB.serious unemploymentC.farm foreclosuresD.the stock market crash6.The purpose of the New Deal measures was to__________.A.save American democracy and the capitalist systemB.check the worsening of the economic situationC.help people tide over the difficultyD.increase American export7.On June5,1947,________suggested that the U.S.should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A.George MarshallB.Franklin D.RooseveltC.George KennanD.Harry Truman8.At the time of Cuban Missile Crisis,the President of the U.S.was____________.A.TrumanB.EisenhowerC.KennedyD.Johnson9.New Frontier and Great Society were programs initiated by_______.A.President KennedyB.President JohnsonC.Presidents Kennedy and Johnson respectivelyD.Presidents Johnson and Kennedy respectively10.The conservatism during Reagan’s administration was known as_____________.A.the New LeftB.the New RightC.the New FrontierD.the New FreedomUnit3The American identity（）1.In the United States,the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate.（）2.In the United States,the largest minority groupis the African-American group.（）3.In the United States,the fastest-growing group is the Asian-American group.（）4.Native Americans have a low school dropout rate.（） 5.The three major Hispanic groups are the Mexican-Americans,the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.（）6.The Puerto Ricans are American citizens.（）7.The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese.（）8.Today the Indians are only allowed to live on reservations.（）9.Traditionally,the mainstream Americans were called WASP.1.The current situation of African-Americans presents _______.A.a favorable pictureB.a negative pictureC.a mixed pictureD.a positive picture2.Although discrimination has been legally abolished, ________.A.discrimination in employment still existsB.discrimination in university admission still existsC.poverty rate of the blacks is the highest among all racial and ethnic groupsD.inequality and subtle discrimination still exist3.The Cuban-Americans mainly live in______.A.FloridaB.TexasC.LouisianaD.Alabama4.Some people say Asian-Americans owe their success to the Asian tradition of the following EXCEPT________.A.familyB.hard workcationD.Discrimination5.Now about80%to90%of immigration to the United States is from_______.n and Hispanic countriesB.African countriesC.European countriesD.Central and South American countries6.The first immigrants in American history came from __________.A.England and the NetherlandsB.IrelandC.West GermanyD.East Europe7.Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States,the largest group is_______.A.the Puerto RicansB.the Mexican-AmericansC.the Cuban-AmericansD.the Central and South American immigrants8.Among the major Hispanic groups in the United States,________have the highest social status.A.the ChicanosB.the Cuban-AmericansC.the Puerto-RicansD.the Latin American immigrants9.The Native Americans are__________.A.the IndiansB.the whitesC.the blacksD.the HispanicsUnit4political institutions（）1.The Constitution of the United States,after its adoption,has never been revised.（）2.According to the Constitution,the federal government is responsible for addressing questions that affect the nation as a whole as well as individual states.（）3.Separation of power is designed to prevent the government from being too strong.（）4.The ernment is divided into four branches: the legislative,the presidency,the bureaucracy and the judiciary.（）5.The Supreme Court has the right to declare laws and actions of the federal,state,and local governments unconstitutional.（）6.Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen from political parties.（）7.The U.S.President has great executive power but no legislative power.（）8.Congressmen serve a term of six years while Senators serve a term of two years.（）9.The Democrats are thought of as associated withbusiness,Anglo-Americans,and the rich.（）10.The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.1.The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in ________.A.all kinds of casesB.cases involving foreign citizensC.cases involving a stateD.Both B and C2.Political parties are the basis of the American politicalsystem,_________.A.but there is no provision in the Constitution for political partiesB.and the Constitution has clear provisionC.but the founding fathers had strong apprehensionof political partiesD.Both A and C3.The two major parties today have______differences in policy concentration.A.noB.littleC.someD.Great4.The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to_______.A.prevent the government from misusing its powerB.prevent the government from being strongC.pacify those who opposed the ConstitutionD.meet the demands of small states5.The President of the United States is elected_____.A.indirectly by the electors B by CongressC.directly by the votersD.None of the above.6.U.S.President can serve________term(s).A.only oneB.twoC.more than twoD.as many as four7.The U.S.President’s appointments have to be approved by________.A.the House of RepresentativesB.the SenateC.the CabinetD.the Supreme Court8.The Supreme Court of the United States consists of one Chief Justice and______Associate Justices.A.6B.7C.8D.109.The two major political parties in the United States are_______.A.the Democratic Party and the Labor PartyB.the Federalist Party and the Democratic PartyC.the Federalist Party and the Republican PartyD.the Democratic Party and the Republican Party10.The U.S.Congress has the power to override the president’s veto by a_____majority.A.2/3B.3/4C.3/5D.4/5Unit5Economy（）1.Since the U.S.economy is based on free enterprise, there is little government involvement in the economy.（）2.The United States is the world’s leading maker of industrial goods.（）3.In the18th century,the New England colonies specialized in producing tobacco from plantations.（）4.While most Americans embraced the idea of money-making and held successful businessmen in great admiration,they resented big businesses monopolizing any industry in any form.（）5.By1956,a majority of U.S.workers held blue-collar rather than white-collar jobs.（）6.Many urban Americans,particularly Blacks and Hispanics,found the postwar prosperity inaccessible to them.（）7.The American West is now an important region for corn and wheat.（）8.While manufacturing giants such as IBM and General Electronic enjoy worldwide reputation as the pillars of the American economy,the U.S.economy is by no means one dominated by giant corporations.（）9.As the number of workers employed in the traditional manufacturing industries has declined,union membership has dropped in recent years.1.The United States ranks________in the world in the total value of its economic production.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.Fourth2.The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S.economy EXCEPT__________.A.the vast space and resources of the landB.the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC.English as its national languageD.hard work by the people3.What is America’s most important food crop?A.Corn.B.Rice.C.BarleyD.Oat.4.Service industries account for more than_________of the U.S.gross domestic product.A.a thirdB.halfC.two thirdsD.three fourth5.The westward expansion is a demonstration of American________.A.IndividualismB.patriotismC.LiberalismD.Expansionism6.Hamilton believed that the United States should pursue economic growth through the followingEXCEPT________.A.shippingB.manufacturingC.bankingD.slavery7.With the arrival of the20th century,the United States became increasingly urbanized,particularly in the_________cities.A.NortheastB.NorthwestC.SoutheastD.Southwest8.The American South is a center of thefollowingtraditional crops EXCEPT_________.A.tobaccoB.cornC.cottonD.wheat9.As the world’s leading maker of industrial goods,the U.S.now produces around_________of the world’s industrial products.A.20%B.25%C.30%D.35%10.In the United States,the following areas tend to specialize in high-tech and computer industries EXCEPT________.A.NortheastB.MidwestC.NorthwestD.SouthwestUnit6social service（）1.In the United States,the social security systemprovides assistance to people with financial problems.（）2.In the United States,Medicare provides virtually free treatment for all American citizens.（）3.Social security is the nearly universal retirement program for Americans,with about92percent of people aged 60and over receiving benefits.（）4.Since1996,welfare responsibility under AFDC has been passed to the states,which receive federal grants to run their own programs.（）5.The Social Security Administration organizes the distribution of food and food stamps through state and local governments.（）6.Since government-sponsored welfare programs are essential to the needy and the poor,they are quite adequate in confronting the poverty issue.（）7.Child Welfare League of America is the largest privately-funded childcare agency in the United States, providing shelter and service to homeless and runaway youth.（）8.In the United States,most employees and their families are normally insured for health care through public insurance programs.（）9.Medicaid program provides federal grants to states for the free treatment of the elderly.（）10.In the United States,two-thirds of the housing units in the private sector are“single-family dwellings”.1.The American social security system includes the following programs EXCEPT_________.A.OASDHIB.MedicareC.MedicaidD.Unemployment Compensation2.Americans may start receiving their pensions at the age of_________.A.55B.60C.65D.703.The main federal welfare programs in the USAconsist of the following programs EXCEPT_________.A.MedicaidB.AFDCC.Food StampsD.Medicare4.Which of the following belongs to the religious welfare organization?A.NCH.B.CWLA.HD. D.Ford Foundation.5.Among private foundations,which has become increasingly prominent in private charity activity?A.Rockefeller Foundation.B.Ford Foundation.C.Buffett Foundation.D.Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation.6.Which of the following statement is NOT true about American health care services?A.A sizable number of Americans still remain uninsured.B.The U.S.has top-quality medical facilities.C.Medicaid covers only about40percent of the poor nationwide.pared with other developed countries,theUnited States spends less on health care.7.According to the healthcare reform proposed during the Obama administration,the government will require most Americans to have health insurance by_______.A.2011B.2012C.2013D.20148.Homes and houses give Americans the followingsense EXCEPT________.A.possessionB.material satisfactionC.personal identificationD.freedomUnit7the legal system（）1.The U.S.Constitution defines the organization of a court system,including a Supreme Court and inferior courts.（）2.In the United States,each state has one district court.（）3.District courts are the only national courts that use grand juries and petit juries.（）4.All national courts can review decisions of statecourts.（）5.At the national level,government prosecution is the responsibility of the Supreme Court.（）6.The U.S.attorneys are appointed for life terms to the district courts.（）7.Anglo-American Common Law is based on the supposed reasonable person’s view of what is right and fair.（）8.In the United States,all cases should be tried with a jury.（）9.A unanimous decision is needed for a grand jury to make a decision.（）10.Federal crimes are mainly the responsibility of theFederal Bureau of Investigation(FBI).1.There are currently________district courts in the United States.A.52B.54C.92D.942.There are currently_______courts of appeals in the United States.A.10B.11C.12D.133.__________argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court.A.Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB.Attorney GeneralC.Solicitor GeneralD.President of the United States4.District judgeships are filled by the President with the consent of_________.A.Chief Justice of Supreme CourtB.Attorney GeneralC.the SenateD.the House of Representatives5.Generally,the trial jury consists of_______ordinary citizens.A.1－6B.6－12C.12－23D.23－306.Generally,the grand jury consists of_______ordinary citizens.A.1－6B.6－12C.12－23D.23－307.The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and _______associate justices.A.7B.8C.9D.108.In the United States,people between the ages of_______ are the most inclined age group to commit crimes.A.11－19B.19－24C.24－45D.45－549.In some urban areas in the United States,murder is the main cause of death among non-White males between the ages of________.A.11－19B.19－24C.24－45D.45－5410.As a rule,the implementation of state law is carried out by the police and detectives in the city,and by_______ in rural areas.A.SheriffsB.ConstablesC.MagistratesD.both A and BUnit8Education（）1.Americans generally hold that everyone is entitled to education.（）2.Americans believe that education is beneficial to individuals and society as a whole.（）3.In the United States,public education at elementary and secondary level is free.（）4.American education system is characterized by diversity.（）5.According to the U.S.Constitution,education is the responsibility of the federal government.（）6.There is little similarity in the education systemof the50states.（）7.The state board of education is responsible for the education policy of the state.（）8.The oldest institution of higher learning in the United States is Harvard University.（）9.Junior colleges offer only B.A.degrees.（）10.The affirmative action program aims to help ethnic and racial minorities in elementary and secondary education.1.To many Americans,education is important because _____________.A.it contributes to the success of individualsB.it contributes to the strengthening of national strengthC.it prepares the young people for future developmentD.Both A and B2.In the United States,public schools at the elementary and secondary level are______________.A.freepulsoryC.open to allD.Both A and C3.American schools fall into two categories,namely, _______________.A.public and private schoolsB.academic and vocational schoolsC.coeducation and single sex schoolsD.national and state-run schools4.In the United States,education policies are made by ______________.A.the federal governmentB.the state board of educationC.local school districtD.board of trustees5.The governing board of school district is responsible for_______________.A.the hiring of teachers and staffB.the designing of a suitable curriculumC.the compiling and approving of budgetD.All of the above6.There is_______________difference(s)in tuition rates between public and private institutions of higher learning in the U.S.A.noB.significantC.SomeD.not much7.The community college_______________.A.offers bachelor degreesB.offers associate degreesC.offers master degreesD.Both A and B8.Elementary and secondary education in the U.S.covers _______years.A.9B.11C.12D.149.Admission to an educational institution in the U.S. is determined by______________.A.the institution itselfB.the state board of educationC.the local authorityD.the federal government10.The following are the public policies and legaldecisions emphasizing special rights for ethnic and linguistic minorities in the area of education EXCEPT _______________.A.Bilingual Education ActB.Proposition227C.affirmative action programD.No Child Left Behind ActUnit9Religion in American life（）1.In comparison with other Western countries,America is less religious in terms of church attendance and financial commitment to church organizations.（）2.At the time when the United States was founded,it was the Catholic branch of the Christian faith that had the strongest influence on the development of the religious climate in the United States.（）3.The Pilgrims tried to create a community in which life would be guided by God’s will and deviations from His will in any shape or form would never be tolerated.（）4.America became“the Kingdom of God”by the end of the17th century.（）5.In the19th century,Americans stopped talking about the importance of religious values for their nationalidentity.（）6.According to the U.S.Constitution,church and state are separate in their role and function.（）7.Historically,church and state in the United States has never interacted to each other.（）8.A growing trend in American religious life is that religion has become increasingly secularized.（）9.In the United States,mainstream Protestant denominations have lost ground to Catholic denominations.（）10.Post-war Evangelism has attempted to use its influence to restore some sense of community in a society.1.The Catholic faith was first brought to the North American continent by______________.A.the PortugueseB.the EnglishC.the FrenchD.the Spanish2.The great waves of Jewish immigration started in ______________and made the United States a major center of Judaism.A.1836B.1863C.1936D.19633.By the end of the17th century,______________had already begun to lose its energies.A.ProtestantismB.CatholicismC.PuritanismD.Judaism4.The First Great Awakening of______________provided the opportunity for a fresh reaffirmation of God’s role in directing the fortunes of His chosen people.A.the17th centuryB.the18th centuryC.the19th centuryD.the20th century5.The Second Great Awakening of______________exerteda profound impact both on the scale of church membership and on the range of American sectarianism.A.the17th centuryB.the18th centuryC.the19th centuryD.the20th century6.The_______________Amendment of Constitution states that“Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion,or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.”A.FirstB.SecondC.TenthD.Twentieth7.Which of the following minority religions is deemed by the mainstream religion to advocate or practice kinds of beliefs against the public interest?A.Islam.B.Hinduism.C.Mormonism.D.Zenism.8.The following mainstream Protestant denominations have recently witnessed significant loss of members EXCEPT ________________.A.MethodistsB.EpiscopaliansC.PresbyteriansD.Evangelistsv9.Post-war Evangelicalism has made effective use of __________to reach massive audiences.A.telephoneB.musicC.televisionD.Movies10.Which of the following contemporary religious groups is relying upon big rallies to draw Christian men together?A.“Saved”Christians.B.Fundamentalists.C.Promise Keepers.D.Seventh-Day Adventists.Unit10Private life in American（）1.Most Americans have an ambition to own their own house on a little piece of property,but it’s difficult for them to have that ambition materialized.（０2.After the arrival of the so-called post-industrial society,Americans started to moveto the city.（）3.Most Americans live in mobile homes which function as prefabricated housing units in stationary settings.（）4.Many poor American families expect their childrento find part-time jobs,especially as they enter their teens.（）5.Parties for children and for grown-ups are constantly occupying the leisure hours of Americans.（）6.In the United States,high-brow arts get most of the financial backing from the government.（）7.In the United States,popular culture outshines classical culture in audience size and in public influence.（）8.Today’s preeminent spectator game in America is baseball.（）9.American football was derived from the British game of soccer.（）10.Baseball is adapted by the Americans from the English cricket to their own tastes.1.For most Americans,one of the first activities at home is to_______________.A.watch TVB.do repair workC.surf on the InternetD.drink coffee2.The following are“chores”assigned to the childrenin American families EXCEPT________________.A.washing and waxing floorsB.mowing the lawnC.keeping the car(s)cleanD.Babysitting3.The following are part-time jobs expected to be done by American children EXCEPT_________.A.mowing lawnsB.delivering newspapersC.taxi drivingD.Babysitting4.The following are the leisure activities outside the home for American adults EXCEPT___________. A.playing bowling B.playing soccerC.attending public service activitiesD.attending church-related activities5.The following are the leisure activities outside the home for American children EXCEPT________.A.taking lessonsB.traveling overseasC.horseback ridingD.Swimming6.One out of every______Americans donates some part of their time as volunteers.A.3B.4C.5D.67.The following belong to high-brow culture EXCEPT ___________.A.classical musicB.BalletC.operaD.Movies8.The following remain high on the domestic vocational destination list in the minds of most Americans EXCEPT ________________.A.Walt Disney WorldB.New YorkC.the Yellowstone National ParkD.the Grand Canyon9.The following are the“four major sports”in the United States EXCEPT_______________.A.basketballB.footballC.baseballD.Volleyball10.The Super Bowl is a game for_______________.A.basketballB.footballC.baseballD.volleyball。
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美国概况复习题Paper 1I. Fill in the blanks.1. A person who is employed to take care of children for a specific length of time while the parents are out is called a __________________.2. A family composed of a father, mother and two children is considered as the ________ family.3. The coffee without cream or sugar is called ___________ coffee.4. Only the _______________ has the right to interpret the constitution.5. In the 1960’s the _____________ appeared among young people, such as living together before marriage.6.The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the “ system of __________ and Balance”.7. Americans have great admiration for the __________________man.8.In American history ______________ presidents have been assassinated.9. In the U.S. the chief function of ___________________ is to make laws.10. The Democratic Party grew out of the ________________________.11. The famous _______________ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.12.The western part of the central plain is also called the ___________________.13. ___________ is the second largest city in population in the U.S.14. __________ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated place of the U.S.A.15. The first English colony was __________________________.16.Lexington Fire was the _____________ of the War of Independence.17. The Constitution of ________ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisie, big capitalists and big slave owners.18. There are four grades in universities. They are freshman, ___________, junior andsenior.19. About _____________ of all the colleges and universities are private.20. Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great __________________.II. Choose the best answer.1. Thanksgiving day is originated in _______________.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada2. The largest Protestant group in America is known as ________________.A. the Latter Day SaintsB. BaptistsC. MethodistsD. Quakers3.Marriage in America is considered ________________.A. more important to the parentsB. a pure religious affairC. rather burdensomeD. a pure individual mater4. “ The senior citizens” i n the social centers refer to ___________.A. high officialsB. professorsC. presidentsD. old people5. Dining customs include the following except ___________.A. being polite to ladiesB. not staying too long after dinnerC. being punctualD. using both hands6. Halloween is a _____________.A. summer festivalB. night time festivalC. sweethearts holidayD. pilgrims holiday7. Urban Hermits refer to __________.A. people who live in the remote placesB. people who live in mountains and forests.C. shopping-bag ladies in big citiesD. anyone who lives in anywhere8.Americans like the following attitudes except _____________.A. informalityB. franknessC. equalityD. personal dignity9. Sometimes two couples go out together. This is known as ____________.A. steady datingB. casual datingC. double datingD. blind dating10. White-collar workers ____________.A. have higher reputationB. get higherC. may earn less than blue-collar workersD. both A and B11.The black people usually have a ________ family and 1/3 of which are controlled by women.A. nucleusB. bigC. looseD. middle-sized12. The political system of the U. S. A. is based on the following except _______.A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitution and the rule of law13. The U. S. Federal Government is composed of the following except ________.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive14. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _________.A. the size of the areaB. the size of the populationC. the judicialD. the wealth15. The tenure of office of federal judges is _______ years long.A. for lifeB. 5C. 8D. 1016. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _________________.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah17. About __________ of the world’s annual agricultural exports come from the Unites States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirdsD. one fourth18.The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____________.A. AppalachianB. McKinleyC. RockyD. Alaska19. Detroit is famous for the production of _____________.A. automobileB. timberC. bambooD. bike20. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the ____________.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest21. The pamphlet “ Common Sense” was written by ___________.A. Thomas Elva EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas JeffersonD. Thomas More22.The Second President John Adam adopted a high-handed policy which was called________.A. the “ Intolerance Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition ActD. Cold War23. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of_____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. TianjinD.Beijing24.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _________ states in ___________.A. 50...1781 B. 13...1781 C. 13...1787 D. 50 (1787)25. Altogether _______ countries became involved in or were dragged into World WarI.A. thirty-threeB. thirty-eightC. twenty-nineD. twenty-eight26. The city name “ Philadelphia ” means _________.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophyD. big apple27. In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _________.A. reading, writingB. social coursesC. foreign languagesD. science, art and music28.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _________ in comparison with thegeneral standard of living.A. highB. lowC. almost the sameD. ok29. __________ belonged to the Lost Generation.A. Ernest HemingwayB. Walt WhitmanC. Tennessee WilliamsD. Washington Irving30.The most popular sport in America is ________________.A. baseballB. basketballC. footballD. skiingIII. Make a judgment (T or F).1. In America about 1/3 of the universities and colleges is private. _______2. Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction. ______3.The most influential newspapers are New York Time, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, and Los Angeles Times. ______4. The famous novel “The Old Man and the Sea” by Mrs Stowe around a great and universal hatred for slavery. _____5. It was president Nixon who moved toward improving relations with China. ______6. Pearl Harbor is the base of the Atlantic Fleet of the U.S.A. ________7. Mount Mekinley lies in the Alaska Range. ________8. The first ten amendments added to the constitution in 1791 was called the Bill of Rights. __________9. The two main parties are the Democratic and Anti-Federalist Parties. _______10. Valentine’s Day falls in February 14th. ________IV. Define the following terms.1. Death Valley2. Uncle Tom’s Cabin3. Harvard University4. the Teheran Conference5. ImpeachmentV.Answer the following questions.1. Tell something about Martin Luther King.2. What is the significance of the American War of Independence?3. How does a bill become a law?Paper 2I.Fill in the blanks.1. The rate of divorce in America ranks ____________ in the world.2. Today over _________ percent of all married women are active in community affairs.3. A _____________ is a kind of sandwich made with ground beef that is fried andput into a bun.4. The official presidential residence is the _______________.5. _______________ is the only way in which the president can legally be removed from office.6. To the east of America lies the ______________ Ocean.7. The two main tributaries of the ________________ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.8. The five Great lakes lie between the boundary of __________ and the United States.9. The largest state, __________ is famous for its glacier, waterfalls and ripples.10.There rises the tendency of shifting the center of industries from the____________ to the Southwest.11.The famous ____________ is known as the financial center, the symbol of theAmerican monopoly capitalism.12. _____________ is the center of theaters in America.13. It was ____________________who first discovered the America in 1492.14. The ___________ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of __________________ southern states.16. The ___________- Program was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.17. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was ____________________.18. ___________________ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.19. The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “ _________________”.20. The novel “ Martin Eden ” was written by ______________.II.Choose the best choice.1. The popular kind of family in America is ________________ family.A. nucleusB. looseC. largeD. blend2.Americans like the following attitudes except ____________.A. informalityB. personal dignityC. equalityD. frankness3. “ The senior citizens” in the social centers refer to ___________.A. high officialsB. professorsC. presidentsD. old people4.The popular foods in America include the following except _______________.A. hamburgersB. hot dogsC. breadD. rice5.People can usually get cheap meals in the following except ________________.A. snack barsB. cafeteriasC. big restaurantsD. coffee shops6. Halloween is a _____________.A. summer festivalB. night time festival.C. sweethearts holidayD. pilgrims holiday7. The black people usually have a ________ family and 1/3 of which are controlled by women.A. nucleusB. bigC. looseD. middle-sized8.The Judicial Branch is headed by ____________.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. PresidentD. Judges9.The general election in America is held every __________ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 310. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _________.A. the size of the areaB. the size of the populationC. the judicialD. the wealth11. The Democratic Party of America was founded in ________.A. 1845B. 1828C. 1787D. 180412. __________ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The westernD. The Eastern13.The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _________________.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah14. The two largest Chinatowns are locate in the following cities except_________.A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. MiamiD. Chicago15. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake ______________.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. VictoriaD. Erie16. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between Lakes of _______.A.Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioB. C. Superior and Haron D. Michigan and Haron17. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the ____________.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest18. ___________ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth AvenueD. New York19. In ______ people can find the historical spot, the Independence NationalHistorical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San FranciscoD. Washington20. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except ___________.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado21._____________ was the first man who sailed round the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier22.The colonial life can be described as the following except ______________.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard23.The first American president from the Republic Party was _____________.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington.24.In 1913 Presi dent ________ issued the “ Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding25. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _________.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity26. In 1945 a conference was held in ________ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New YorkD. Washington27. The library in _________ was the first private library in the U.S.A.A. Harvard CollegeB. Yale CollegeC. College of New YorkD. MIT28. It was the _________ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A. ScandinavianB. DutchC. FrenchD. England29.One hundred and one American people won the Nobel Prize after _________.A. WWIB. Civil WarC.WWIID. the Independent War30. The Father of American literature was ________________.A. Mark TwainB. Washington IrvingC. Walt WhitmanD. Jack LondonIII.True or False questions.1. VOA has 16 broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in 40 languages day and night. ______2. Hawthorne’s best novel is “The Scarlet Letter”. _______3. The First World War was a destructive ear and an anti-fascist war. _________4. “I know not what course others may take, but for me give me liberty or give me death”. This was said by Patrick Henry. _______5. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have began in 1607. _______6. The United States is situated in the South and Central part of North America._______7. Rhode Island is the second largest state in America. _______8. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of Asian origin. ________9. There are 435 voting members in the House of Representatives. ________10. The first president who was assassinated was John Kennedy. _______ IV.Explain the following terms.1. Niagara Falls2. the Boston Tea Party3. Franklin D. Rossevelt4. Reader’s Digest5. Winner-take-allV. Answer the following questions briefly.1. What do you know about the five Great Lakes?2. C omment the Constitution of 1787.3. Tell the main functions of the three branches of the government.。