三相异步电动机制动方法及应用

西安科技大学继续教育学院《电力拖动技术课程设计》报告书

三相异步电动机制动方法及应用

专业：电气自动化

学生姓名： sjcqing

班级：09电气自动化大专班

指导老师：

提交日期： 2012 年 3 月

摘要

近几十年来，随着电力电子技术、微电子技术及现代控制理论的发展，中、小功率电动机在工农业生产及人们的日常生活中都有极其广泛的的应用。特别是在乡镇企业及家用电器中，更需要有大量的中、小功率电动机。由于这种电动机的发展及广泛的应用，它的使用、保养和维护工作也越来越重要。电机是现代工农业生产和交通运输的重要设备，与电机配套的控制设备的性能已经成为用户关注的焦点。电机的控制包括电机的起动、调速和制动。异步电动机由于具有结构简单、体积小、价格低廉、运行可靠、维修方便、运行效率较高、工作特性较好等优点，因而在电力拖动平台上得到了广泛应用。据统计，其耗电量约占全国发电量的40%左右。当电机并入电网时，电机转速从静止加速到额定转速的过程称为电机的起动过程。异步电动机的起动性能最重要的是起动电流和起动转矩。因此在电机的起动过程中，如何降低起动电流，增大起动转矩，一直是机电行业的专家们探讨的重要课题。电动机机应用广泛，种类繁多、性能各异，分类方法也很多。本文是对三相异步电动机做出深入的剖析与设计。三相异步电动机是一种具有高效率、低磨损、低噪声的电机机种.本设计在介绍三相异步电动机中，关于相数、极数、槽数及绕组连接方式的选择方法和应遵从的规律详细的加以说明和介绍。文中主要介绍了几种常用的制动方式的特点，对不同制动方式进行了技术比较，分析了他们各自的实用场所，为实际应用提供了科学的理论依据。

关键词：三相异步电动机结构制动方式

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Abstract

In recent decades, along with the electric power electronic technology, microelectronic technology and modern control theory, medium, small power motors in industrial and agricultural production and people's daily life are extremely extensive application. Especially in the township enterprises and household appliances, needs to have plenty of medium, small power motor. Due to the development of the motor and the widespread application, its use, maintenance and maintenance work is more important. The motor is a modern industrial and agricultural production and transport of the essential equipment, and machine control equipment performance has become a user focus. Motor control includes a motor starting, speed regulation and braking. Asynchronous motor due to its simple structure, small volume, low cost, reliable operation, convenient repair, high efficiency, good working properties, and thus in the electric drive platform has been widely used. According to statistics, its power consumption accounted for about40% of generating capacity. When the motor is connected with the power grid, the motor speed to accelerate from zero to the rated speed of the process is known as the motor starting process. Asynchronous motor starting performance, the most important is the starting current and starting torque. Therefore in the motor starting process, how to reduce the starting current, increase the starting torque, is a mechanical and electrical industry experts to explore the important subject. Motor machine a wide range of applications, a wide range of different classification methods, properties, also a lot of. This article is on the three-phase asynchronous motor to make deep analysis and design. The three-phase asynchronous motor is a kind of high efficiency, low wear, low noise motor models. The design in the design of the three-phase asynchronous motor, on the phase number, the number of poles, slot number and winding connection mode selection method and the laws that should be obeyed. This paper mainly introduces several common braking characteristics, for different braking modes of technology, analyzes their practical places, for practical applications to provide scientific theoretical basis.

Key words: three-phase asynchronous motor structure braking method

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