2012.12环球卓越六级应试宝典
2012年12月英语六级考试真题
2012年12月英语六级考试真题Part I WritingOn maintaining trust保持信任Part II233网校推荐：2012年12月英语四六级试题、答案专题>>免费在线估分>>Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.11.M:I’d like to go camping with you this weekend,but I don’t have a sleeping bag.W:No problem.You can count on me to get one for you.My family has tons of camping gear.Q:What does the woman mean?12.M:I know I promise to drive you to the airport next Thursday,but I’m afraid something has come up.They’ve called a special meeting at work.W:No big deal.Karen said she was available as a back-up.Q:What does the woman mean?13.W:Have you saved enough money for a trip to Hawaii?M:Not even close.My uncle must put the brakes on my travelling plans.Q:What does the man mean?14.M:I’m starving.Do we still have any pie left from the dinner yesterday?W:Oh,Julia invited her friends over in the afternoon and they ate it all.Q:What do we learn from the conversation?15.W:Three letters of recommendation are required to apply to graduate schools.I was wondering if the one professor Smith wrote for me last year could still be used.M:It’s a bit dated.You’d better submit a recent one.Q:What does the man suggest the woman do?16.W:I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending your garden.Would you like to join our gardening club?We meet every other Wednesday.M:Oh,thanks for the invitation,but this is how I relax.I’d rather not make it something formal and structured.Q:What can we infer about the man?17.M:I heard the recent sculpture exhibit was kind of disappointing.W:That’s right.I guess a lot of other people feel the way I do about modern art.Q:What does the woman mean?18.M:Bob is running for chairman of the student union.Would you vote for him?W:Oh,I can’t decide right now because I have to find out more about the other candidates.Q:What does the woman mean?Part III Listening ComprehensionSection BConversation OneW:I don’t know what to do.I can’t seem to get anyone in the hospital to listen to my complaints and this outdated equipment is dangerous.Just look at it.M:Hmm,uh,are you trying to say that it presents a health hazard?W:Yes,I am.The head technician in the lab tried to persuade the hospital administration to replace it,but they are trying to cut costs.M:You are pregnant,aren’t you?W:Yes,I am.I made an effort to get my supervisor to transfer me to another department,but he urged me not to complain too loudly.Because the administration is more likely to replace me than an X-ray equipment,I’m afraid to refuse to work. But I’m more afraid to expose my unborn child to the radiation.M:I see what you mean.Well,as your union representative,I have to warn you that it would take quite a while to force management to replace the old machines and attempt to get you transferred may or may not be successful.W:Oh,what am I supposed to do then?M:Workers have the legal right to refuse certain unsafe work assignments under two federal laws,the Occupation or Safety and Health Act and the National Labor Relations Act.But the requirements of either of the Acts may be difficult to meet.W:Do you think I have a good case?M:If you do lose your job,the union will fight to get it back for you along with back pay,your lost income.But you have to be prepared for a long wait,maybe after two years.Q19.What does the woman complain about?Q20.What has the woman asked her supervisor to do?Q21.What does the man say about the two federal laws?Q22.What will the union do if the woman loses her jobConversation TwoW:Mr.Green,is it fair to say that negotiation is an art?M:Well,I think it’s both an art and science.You can prepare for a negotiation quite scientifically,but the execution of the negotiation has quite a lot to do with one’s artistic quality.The scientific part of a negotiation is in determining your strategy.What do you want out of it?What can you give?Then of course there are tactics.How do you go about it?Do you take an opening position in a negotiation which differs from the eventual goal you are heading for?And then of course there are the behavioral aspects.W:What do you mean by the behavioral aspects?M:Well,that’s I think where the art comes in.In your behavior,you can eitherbe an actor.You can pretend that you don’t like things which you are actually quite pleased about.Or you can pretend to like things which you are quite happy to do without.Or you can be the honest type negotiator who’s known to his partners in negotiation and always plays everything straight.But the artistic part of negotiation I think has to do with responding immediately to cues one gets in the process of negotiation.These can be verbal cues or even body language.This is where the artistic quality comes in.W:So really,you see two types of negotiator then,the actor or the honest one.M:That’right.And both can work.I would say the honest negotiator can be quite effective in some circumstances.In other circumstances you need an actor.Q23.When is a scientific approach best embodied in a negotiation according to the man?Q24.In what way is a negotiator like an actor according to the man?Q25.What does the man say about the two types of negotiator?Part III Listening ComprehensionSection BPassage1Since I started working part-time at a grocery store,I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buy something.To me,a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping card.One of the first things customers forget is how to count.There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line,which is clearly marked15items or less, with20,25or even a cart load of items.Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place.Just as I finish ringing up an order,a customer will say,“Oops,I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread.I hope you don’t mind waiting while I go get it.”Five minutes later,he’s back with the bread,a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels.Strange is that seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries.Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries,my customers will wait until I announce the total.Then,in surprise,she says,“Oh no,what did I do with my check book?”After5minutes of digging through her purse,she borrows my pen because she’s forgotten hers.But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary,and that’s something I can’t afford to forget.Q26.What does the speaker say about customers’entering the grocery A scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and half month old children.The test is a simple one.The baby watches a sort of show on a small stage. In Act One of the show,a yellow cube is lifted from a blue box,and moved across the stage.Then it is returned to the box.This is repeated6times.Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller.Baby boys do not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube.But girls immediately become excited.The scientists interpret the girls’excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen.They are wondering why Act Two is odd and how it differs from Act One.In other words,the little girls are reasoning.This experiment certainly does not definitely prove that girls start to reason before boys,but it provides a cluethat scientists would like to study more carefully.Already it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls.Perhaps it is early nerve development that makes some infant girls show more intelligence than infant boys. Scientists have also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls.Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do.Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this.They believe that the nerve endings in the left side of the brain develop faster in girls than in boys,and it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individual’s ability to use language and remember things.Q26.What is the difference between Act One and Act Two in the test?Q27.How do the scientists interpret their observation from the experiment?Q28.What does the speaker say about the experiment?Q29.According to scientists,what is another advantage given to girls by nature?store?Passage2A super attendant of the city municipal building,Dillia Adorno,was responsible for presenting its new security plan to the public.City employees,citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to hear her describe the plan.After outlining the main points she would cover,she assured the audience that she would be happy to answer questions at the end of her presentation.Dillia realized the plan was expensive and potentially controversial.So she was not surprised to see a number of hands go up as soon as she finished speaking.An employ asked,“Would the new system create long lines to get into the building like the line in the airport security checks?”Dillia had anticipated this question and had an answer ready. After repeating the question,she explained that the sufficient number of security guards would be working at peak hours to speed things along.The next question was more confrontational.”Where was the money come from to pay for all of this?”The journalists who ask the question seem hostile.But Dillia was careful not to adopt the defensive tone.She stated that the money would come from the city’s general budget.“I know these are tide times”,she added,“But everyone agrees on the importance of safe guarding our employees and members of the public who come into the building.”Near the end of the25minutes she has said,Dillia said she would take two more questions.When those were finished,she concluded the session with a brief restatement of how the new system will improve security and peace of mind in the municipal building.Question30to32are based on the passage you have just heard.30.What is the focus of Dillia Adorno’s presentation?31.What question had Dillia Adorno anticipated?32.What did the speakers think of the question from the journalist?Passage3Despite unemployment and the lost of her home,Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and happy woman.Why the cheerful attitude?Her troubles have brought her closer to her st year,Andrea’s husband,Rick,a miner in Nevada was laid off.Though Andrea kept her job as a school bus driver,she knew that they couldn’tpay their bill and support their youngest of five children,Zack,age nine,on one income.“At first their church helped out,but you can’t keep that up forever”, Andrea says.Then Michal,their eldest of her four adult children suggested they move in with his family.For almost three months,seven Clarks lived under one roof. Andrea,Rick and Zack stayed in the basement department,sharing laundry and single bathroom with Michal,his wife and their two children.The change cut their expenditures in half,but the new living arrangement proved too challenging.When Andrea found a job with a school district closer to her mother’s home in west Jorden,Utah,the family decided to move on.Packing up again with no picnic,Zack had to switch schools for the second time and space is even tighter.Andrea says that the moves themselves are exhausting and Rick is still looking for a job.The recession has certainly come with more problems than Andrea anticipated, but she remains unfailingly optimistic.She is excited to spend more time with her mother.Another plus,rents are lower in Utah than in Nevada.So Andrea thinks they’ll be able to save up and move out in less than6months.QUESTIONS33-35ARE BASED ON THE PASSAGE YOU HAVE JUST HEARD.Q33What do we learn about Andrea’s husband?Q34Why did Andrea move to live in her eldest son’s home?Q35What is Andrea’s attitude toward the hardships brought by the economic recession?Part IIIPart IV【选词填空】the Kids Live Well to be an restaurants must promise to offer at least one children no soft55__________from the ole grains,lean proteins or low-fat dairy,Among meets similar56__________,with fewer than2002J)recommendingC)begin K)speciesD)concern M)stopE)items N)takingF)nationwide O)varietyG)possible【深度阅读】Passage OneQuestions57to61are based on the following passage.News isn’t good:Unemployed than9percent,and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy.And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or h careers right now.But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as youThat’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job更替)data. After all,existing jobs open up every day due to promotions,resignation(解雇)，and retirements. (Yes,people are retiring even in this economy.)In both bad,turnover creates more openings than economic growth does.Even in June of economy was still moving ahead,job growth was only 132,000,while turnover wasAnd as it turns out,even today—with job growth near zero—over4million being hired every month.I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s job.It’s true that if total employment were higher,it would mean more jobs for all from(and compete for).And it’s true that there are currently more people applying able job opening,regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t it’s the motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills about where and how to look;learn how to present themselves to potential employees going,even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four no longer even classified as unemployed.So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up.Four million people get hired the U.S.You can be one of them.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2012年12月英语六级答案
2012年12月英语六级答案导言2012年12月的英语六级考试是一场重要的考试，对于想要提升英语水平和获得学位证书的学生来说，答案是必备的学习材料。
本文将为大家提供2012年12月英语六级答案，并将以Markdown文本格式输出，方便大家查阅和学习。
阅读理解部分答案解析Passage 11.B2.D3.A4.C解析：在文章中，提到了社交媒体的普及，交流方式的改变，以及对人们交流能力的影响。
所以正确答案应为B。
Passage 21.D3.C4.A解析：根据文章内容可以得知，作者的实验获得了研究结果，推翻了之前的理论。
所以正确答案应为D。
Passage 31.C2.A3.B4.D解析：文章提到了人们对电子书和传统纸质书的不同看法以及理由，所以正确答案应为C。
Passage 41.B2.D3.C解析：文章讨论了社交媒体对青少年的影响，包括对他们的社交技能、学业和健康的影响。
所以正确答案应为B。
完型填空部分答案解析1.D2.A3.C4.B5.D6.A7.C8.B9.D10.A11.C12.B14.A15.C解析：这篇文章讲述了一位年轻人通过艰苦努力实现自己梦想的故事。
通过设身处地地为他人着想并自由选择自己的人生道路，最终取得了成功。
根据文章内容和句子的上下文可以填入正确答案。
翻译部分答案解析1.这段视频非常有趣，并且让人忍俊不禁。
2.我们需要采取措施来保护环境，否则地球将面临严重的后果。
3.尽管面临一些困难，他们仍然坚持下去。
4.这个项目将有助于改善当地居民的生活。
5.父母应该鼓励孩子多参加社会活动，培养他们的社交能力。
解析：这部分是英语翻译的考察，需要准确理解句子的意思，并将其翻译成准确的中文表达。
写作部分答案解析范文一Some people think that social media is a great way to communicate, while others believe that it hinders our ability to communicate effectively. Personally, I believe that social media has both positive and negative effects on communication.On the one hand, social media allows us to connect with people from all over the world, regardless of distance or time zone. We can easily keep in touch with our friends and family through platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp. This has made communication more convenient and efficient. Additionally, social media provides a platform for people to share their thoughts and ideas, which promotes freedom of expression.On the other hand, social media has its disadvantages. Many people rely too heavily on social media for communication, which can lead to a lack of face-to-face interaction. This can have a negative impact on our interpersonal skills and ability to read non-verbal cues. Moreover, social media has contributed to the spread of misinformation and fake news, which can harm our society.In conclusion, social media has both advantages and disadvantages when it comes to communication. It is up to us to make the most out of these platforms and use themresponsibly. We should strive to strike a balance between online and offline communication and be critical consumers of information.范文二The advantages and disadvantages of e-books have long been a topic of debate. Some people argue that e-books are more convenient and environmentally friendly, while others believe that traditional paper books offer a richer reading experience.Those in favor of e-books argue that they are portable and can store thousands of books in a single device. They are also often cheaper than physical books and can be easily accessed and downloaded. Additionally, e-books are more environmentally friendly as they do not require paper or ink.On the other hand, proponents of paper books argue that the physical experience of holding and flipping through pages enhances the reading experience. They believe that the smell of ink on paper and the sound of pages turning cannot be replicated by e-books. Furthermore, paper books do not require electricity or technological devices, making them more reliable in certain situations.In my opinion, both e-books and paper books have their own unique advantages. E-books offer convenience and accessibility, while paper books provide a sensory and tactile experience. Ultimately, the choice between the two depends on personal preference and the circumstances in which they are used.结论本文提供了2012年12月英语六级答案的解析，包括阅读理解部分、完型填空部分、翻译部分和写作部分。
2012年12月cet6阅读全真模拟题与详解解析
The Hydrogen Economy While fossil fuels have played an important role in getting society to the point it is at today, there are four big problems that fossil fuels create. Air pollution-When cars burn gasoline, they would ideally burn it perfectly and create nothing but carbon dioxide and water in their exhaust. Unfortunately, the internal combustion（燃烧）engine is not perfect. In the process of burning the gasoline, it also produces carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas; nitrogen oxides, the main source of urban smog; and unburned hydrocarbons, the main source of urban ozone . Catalytic converters （催化式排⽓净化器） eliminate much of this pollution, but they aren't perfect. Air pollution from cars and power plants is a real problem in big cities. It is bad enough now that, in the summer, many cities have dangerous levels of ozone in the air. Environmental pollution-The process of transporting and storing oil has a big impact on the environment whenever something goes wrong. An oil spill, pipeline explosion or well fire can create a huge mess. Global warming-When you burn a gallon of gas in your car, you emit about 5 pounds （2.3 kg） of carbon into the atmosphere. If it were solid carbon, it would be extremely noticeable-it would be like throwing a 5-pound bag of sugar out the window of your car for every gallon of gas burned. But because the 5 pounds of carbon comes out as an invisible gas, carbon dioxide, most of us are oblivious （不注意的）to it. The carbon dioxide coming out of every car's tailpipe is a greenhouse gas that is slowly raising the temperature of the planet. The ultimate effects are unknown, but it is a strong possibility that, eventually, there will be dramatic climate changes that affect everyone on the planet. For example, if the ice caps melt, sea level will rise significantly, flooding and destroying all coastal cities in existence today. That's a big side effect. Dependence-The United States, and most other countries, cannot produce enough oil to meet demand, so they import it from oil-rich countries. That creates an economic dependence. When Middle East oil producers decide to raise the price of oil , the rest of the world has little choice but to pay the higher price. Advantages of the hydrogen economy In the previous section we saw the significant, worldwide problems created by fossil fuels. The hydrogen economy promises to eliminate all of the problems that the fossil fuel economy creates. Therefore, the advantages of the hydrogen economy include: The elimination of pollution caused by fossil fuels-When hydrogen is used in a fuel cell to create power, it is a completely clean technology. The only byproduct is water. There are also no environmental dangers like oil spills to worry about with hydrogen. The elimination of greenhouse gases-If the hydrogen comes from the electrolysis （电解） of water, then hydrogen adds no greenhouse gases to the environment. There is a perfect cycle-electrolysis produces hydrogen from water, and the hydrogen recombines with oxygen to create water and power in a fuel cell. The elimination of economic dependence-The elimination of oil means no dependence on the Middle East and its oil reserves. Distributed production-Hydrogen can be produced anywhere that you have electricity and water. People can even produce it in their homes with relatively simple technology. The problems with the fossil fuel economy are so great, and the environmental advantages of the hydrogen economy so significant, that the push toward the hydrogen economy is very strong. Where does the hydrogen come from? In the hydrogen economy, there is no storehouse to tap into. We have to actually create the energy in real time. There are two possible sources for the hydrogen. Electrolysis of water-Using electricity, it is easy to split water molecules to create pure hydrogen and oxygen. One big advantage of this process is that you can do it anywhere. For example, you could have a box in your garage producing hydrogen from tap water, and you could fuel your car with that hydrogen. Reforming fossil fuels-Oil and natural gas contain hydrocarbons-molecules consisting of hydrogen and carbon. Using a device called a fuel processor or a reformer, you can split the hydrogen off the carbon in a hydrocarbon relatively easily and then use the hydrogen. You discard the leftover carbon to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. The second option is, of course, slightly perverse. You are using fossil fuel as the source of hydrogen for the hydrogen economy. This approach reduces air pollution, but it doesn't solve either the greenhouse gas problem （because there is still carbon going into the atmosphere） or the dependence problem （you still need oil）. However, it may be a good temporary step to take during the transition to the hydrogen economy. When you hear about "fuel-cell-powered vehicles" being developed by the car companies right now, almost all of them plan to get the hydrogen for the fuel cells from gasoline using a reformer . The reason is because gasoline is an easily available source of hydrogen. Until there are "hydrogen stations" on every corner like we have gas stations now, this is the easiest way to obtain hydrogen to power a vehicle's fuel cell. The interesting thing about the first option is that it is the core of the real hydrogen economy. To have a pure hydrogen economy, the hydrogen must be derived from renewable sources rather than fossil fuels so that we stop releasing carbon into the atmosphere. Having enough electricity to separate hydrogen from water, and generating that electricity without using fossil fuels, will be the biggest change that we see in creating the hydrogen economy. How do you store and transport the hydrogen? At this moment, the problem with putting pure-hydrogen vehicles on the road is the storage/transportation problem. Hydrogen is a bulky gas, and it is not nearly as easy to work with as gasoline. Compressing the gas requires energy, and compressed hydrogen contains far less energy than the same volume of gasoline. However, solutions to the hydrogen storage problem are surfacing. For example, hydrogen can be stored in a solid form in a chemical called sodium borohydride （硼氢化物）, and this technology has appeared in the news recently because Chrysler is testing it. This chemical is created from borax （硼砂）. As sodium borohydride releases its hydrogen, it turns back into borax （硼砂） so it can be recycled. Once the storage problem is solved and standardized, then a network of hydrogen stations and the transportation infrastructure will have to develop around it. The main barrier to this might be the technological sorting-out process. Stations will not develop quickly until there is a storage technology that clearly dominates the marketplace. For instance, if all hydrogen-powered cars from all manufacturers used sodium borohydride, then a station network could develop quickly; that sort of standardization is unlikely to happen rapidly, if history is any guide. There might also be a technological breakthrough that could rapidly change the playing field. For example, if someone could develop an inexpensive rechargeable battery with high capacity and a quick recharge time, electric cars would not need fuel cells and there would be no need for hydrogen on the road. Cars would recharge using electricity directly. Prospects for the future You will hear more and more about the hydrogen economy in the news in the coming months, because the drumbeat is growing louder. The environmental problems of the fossil fuel economy are combining with breakthroughs in fuel-cell technology, and the pairing will allow us to take the first steps. The most obvious step we will see is the marketing of fuel-cell-powered vehicles. Although they will be powered initially by gasoline and reformers, fuel cells embody two major improvements over the internal combustion engine: they are about twice as efficient; they can significantly reduce air pollution in cities. Gasoline-powered fuel-cell vehicles are an excellent transitional step because of those advantages. Moving to a pure hydrogen economy will be harder. The power-generating plants will have to switch over to renewable sources of energy, and the marketplace will have to agree on ways to store and transport hydrogen. These hurdles will likely cause the transition to the hydrogen economy to be a rather long process. 1. What would gasoline give out if it were burned perfectly? A） Nitrogen oxides. B） Carbon monoxide. C） Unburned hydrocarbons. D） Carbon dioxide and water. 2. What will be the most possible consequence of gas emission? A） Raising sea level. B） Flooding coastal cities. C） Changing global climate. D） Endangering ozone level. 3. Hydrogen is a completely clean technology in that ________. A） it eliminates much of pollution B） it burns perfectly in all fuel cell C） it imposes no environmental dangers D） it only produces carbon dioxide and water 4. How can we produce more hydrogen in our homes? A） By using electricity and water B） By creating water in a fuel cell. C） By converting water into oxygen. D） By combining hydrogen with water. 5. One can obtain hydrogen from oil and natural gas by ________. A） a fuel cell B） a filter box C） a filter pump D） a fuel processer 6. Almost all the car companies plan to obtain the hydrogen for the fuel cells from gasoline because ________. A） gasoline is the cheapest source of hydrogen B） gasoline is a available source of hydrogen C） gasoline is an environmentally sound source D） gasoline is being used by many rich countries 7. The greatest part of the hydrogen economy lies in the derivation of hydrogen from ________. A） fossil fuels B） electrolytic water C） renewable sources D） hydrocarbon-molecules 8. The big problem with hydrogen involves its storage and transportation, for it is massive but not suitable for________________. 9. There is an obstacle for the construction of hydrogen stations and the transportation infrastructure, which can be overcome with the advent of a dominant _______________. 10. Cars using gasoline-powered fuel-cell have such advantages over traditional ones as higher efficiency andless.________________. ⽂章梗概： 本⽂介绍了氢⽓经济的优势、问题和前景。
2012年12月英语六级考前终极预测3套题+答案!
1. 目前很多父母在子女高中毕业前就送他们出国学习2. 形成这种趋势的原因3. 我对此的看法Overseas Study at an Early AgePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Next Disaster: Are We Ready?Are We Really Prepared?After the attacks on September 11 and the hurricanes that slammed the Gulf Coast last year, you'd expect our major cities to be ready with disaster plans that will save lives and property. There's no doubt we'll be hit again—maybe even harder—because the list of possible calamities(灾难)is long: from a bird flu pandemic to a massive California earthquake, to more monster storms, to another terrorist attack.But are we really prepared to protect people, as well as their homes and businesses? Every major urban area has received federal funding, much of it from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), in order to make their cities more secure. But there are no set criteria for measuring preparedness (the feds are working on that), and the quality of disaster plans varies widely throughout the country.So we decided to do an independent assessment of 10 high-risk urban areas, focusing on key security indicators. We analyzed public data, consulted with federal and local emergency workers, and contacted the mayors' offices to gauge(测量)the readiness of these cities to meet both natural and man-made disasters.Our criteria fell under three main categories: Emergency Readiness, Crisis Communications, and Medical Response.Emergency ReadinessAre there at least 1,000 first responders (such as police, fire and EMTs) per 100,000 residents? They're our first line of protection in almost any disaster situation—professionals who are trained to handle everything from rescuing victims to providing first aid, to enforcing quarantines(封锁), to directing traffic for evacuations(疏散).Are there federal search-and-rescue teams based within 50 miles? Large cities often have specialized teams to deal with such things as high-rise-building rescues or hazardous chemical spills. But these squads are sometimes small, ill-equipped, or run on a shoestring. This is not true of federal urban search-and-rescue task forces that the DHS supports across the country. Each task force is made of 62 members and 4 canines, as well as a "comprehensive cache" of equipment. DHS task forces are not automatically assigned; a city needs to apply and present its case.Has the city or state earned "green status" from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention? Suppose that in the midst of a flu pandemic or bio terror attack, your city ran low on critical medicines. The CDC stands ready to help by distributing drugs and medical equipment from its Strategic National Stockpile. But the agency wants to know that a city or state is able to quickly mobilize hundreds of health workers and volunteers trained to handle the logistics, and has space set aside for storage and refrigeration. You're best off if your city has earned the CDC's "green status"—even if the state itself has not—because it means local health teams can handle the supplies on their own.Does the city website explain clearly what to do in case of evacuation? Who can forget the images of stranded New Orleans residents, or the 5-mph crawl out of Houston? It turned out that New Orleans's evacuation plans were both inadequate and poorly communicated. One way cities can avoid a similar nightmare is to put clear and easy-to-find evacuation information on their websites. Some cities, such as Boston and Washington, post the preferred street routes. Others, like Las Vegas, won't disclose details due to security fears, but their websites may provide ways to quickly get evacuation details when you need them (such as numbers to call or alert services you can sign up for). Among the more important things to address are people without vehicles of their own (a huge failing in New Orleans) and instructions for pet owners.Does the website include details for residents with special needs? In July 1995, a vicious heat wave killed nearly 500 people in Chicago; a disproportionate number of them were older residents who lived alone. In any crisis, the elderly and disabled can be uniquely vulnerable. That's why cities such as Houston are creating registries of residents who would need special help. Such lists would indicate, for instance, that a certain person in a certain apartment building is wheel-chair-bound. Other cities are instructing people with disabilities to call 911 for assistance—though this relies on phone systems that could be overloaded or go dead. If a city's disaster planning shows no awareness of special-needs people, it isn't complete.Crisis CommunicationsCan first responders—police, fire and medical—talk to one another? On September 11, firefighters died inside the World Trade Center because they could not make contact with police helicopters trying to radio warnings. Incompatible communications is a country-wide problem, and converting or replacing decades-old radio systems can be a long, expensive process. Cities have gotten a big boost if they've taken part in RapidCom, a DHS program providing technical assistance and training that speeds up the transition.Has the city adopted E911? Many cities have upgraded their 911 call centers in recent years, but they're even better prepared if they've incorporated "E911" (or "enhanced 911"). This technology enables emergency operators to identify the precise location of cell-phone callers through GPS systems. If you wind up stranded in floodwaters, E911 could save your life.Does the city provide 24-hour emergency alerts? What if an evacuation order goes out, but it's 3 a.m. and you're sound asleep? Not a problem if your city has a way of alerting you at any time of day. Some rely on street sirens(警报器)to do the trick. Others have used their websites to invite residents to sign up for e-mail notifications or automated phone calls in an emergency.Medical ResponseAre there at least 500 hospital beds for every 100,000 residents? Getting to victims quickly is a critical first step. But you'd better have a place to take them for treatment.A reasonable standard, according to preparedness experts, is 500 hospital beds for every 100,000 people—a ratio that would likely mean a city could find enough spare beds in an emergency. Of course, beds alone won't s help a massive number of burn victims or people suffering from chemical exposure unless the hospital is prepared to treat them. But all the cities in our survey have specialty units in their hospitals that can handle such cases.Are local teams trained to respond quickly and work together? If and urban area was targeted by weapons of mass destruction, city health officials couldn't just wait for federal help to arrive. First responders and hospital would need to react right away. They could also need medical volunteers—say, to help vaccinate people or distribute medicines and supplies. How to ensure that all these professionals and volunteers work together as seamlessly as possible? If a city is part of DHS's Metropolitan Medical Response System, it has obtained federal assistance in developing plans, and has received critical training and equipment.Are there labs nearby that specialize in biological and chemical threats? The CDC is on the cutting edge with its Laboratory Response Network—integrated labs nationwide that have the equipment and expertise to quickly identify pathogens and toxic chemicals. An LRN lab in Florida was the first to detect anthrax(炭疽热)in terrorist mailings in 2001. Laboratories can be members only if they have highly trained staff and exceptional facilities, as well as track record of testing accuracy. A handful of LRN labs qualify as "Level 1", meaning they can test for chemical poisons such as mustard and nerve agents.1. A bird flu, a massive earthquake, a monster storm and a terrorist attack are all threats to major cities in the U.S.2. The author does an assessment of all high-risk urban areas in the U.S.3. Policemen, firemen and emergency doctors all can be called first responders.4. Each federal urban search-and-rescue task force is made up of at least 60 members.5. If a city has earned the CDC's green status "green status", it means that its local health teams can ________ on their own.6. You can get evacuation details through the ways provided by the website of Las Vegas though it doesn't disclose the details due to ________.7. Incompatible communications is a country-wide problem in the U.S. because of the ________ which should be converted or replaced.8. Emergency operators can identify the precise location of cell-phone callers through GPS systems with the use of ________.9. According to preparedness experts, if a city has at least 500 hospital beds for every 100,000 residents, it could find ________ in an emergency.10. As a part of DHS's Metropolitan Medical Response System, a city can obtain ________ in developing plans.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.By the mind-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns(酒馆), and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern fridge, had been invented.Making an efficient icebox as not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary(未发展的). The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.But as early as 1803, and ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.47. What is the topic of the passage?48. Where was ice used after the Civil War?49. What was essential to a science of refrigeration according to the passage?50. It can be inferred from the passage that the theoretical foundation of ice box should be that ________.51. Without an ice box, farmers had to go to the market at night because ________.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 66 are based on the following passage.Racket, din clamor, noise. Whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress.Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds—sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement(消除) programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other things may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.Of the many health hazards related to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in healthy persons may have serious consequences for those already ill in mind or body.Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not vet been conclusively demonstrated. Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard.52. The phrase "immune to" (Line 3, Para. 1) are used to mean ________.[A] unaffected by [B] hurt by[C] unlikely to be seen by [D] unknown by53. The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as ________.[A] unrealistic [B] traditional [C] concerned [D] hysterical54. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?[A] Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance.[B] Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.[C] Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such.[D] Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done.55. The author condemns noise essentially because it ________.[A] is against the law [B] can make some people irritable[C] is a nuisance [D] is a danger to people's health56. The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be ________.[A] unimportant [B] impossible[C] a waste of money [D] essentialPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East. Ever since The Old Testament(旧约全书), God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights of rain. Water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its a availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C. "Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their food security, is threatened."I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that "water wars" are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt's potential was only 1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region's population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me:" If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportunities."57. Why does the author use the phrase "for next November" (Line 3, Para. 1)?[A] According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.[B] Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.[C] Running water systems will not be ready until next November.[D] It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.58. What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?[A] Lack of water resources. [B] Lack of rainfall.[C] Inefficient use of water. [D] Water has replaced oil.59. One way for the region to use water efficiently is to ________.[A] develop other enterprises that cost less water[B] draw a plan of irrigation for the various nations[C] import water from water-rich nations[D] stop wars of any sort for good and all60. Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that ________.[A] nations in that region are just fighting for water[B] people there are thirsty for peace instead of water[C] water is no problem as long as there is peace[D] those nations have every reason to fight for water61. The author's tone in the article can be described as ________.[A] depressing [B] urgent [C] joking [D] mocking72. The Grand Canyon is ________________(最宽处达两万四千米).73. If you had followed my advice, ________________(你现在就能完成工作了).74. In view of the practical need of society, ________________(有越来越多的人对学习英语感兴趣).75. A good book is a best friend ________________(从不拒绝我们).76. It was not until last Friday ________________(他读完了他妈妈送给他的那本书).2010年6月大学英语六级考试全真预测试卷三答案详解Part I WritingOverseas Study at an Early AgeNowadays, more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever cost.It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study. With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too.Consequently, pursuing overseas study has become a kind of short cut in gaining a better future. Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush-economic reason. The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their children’s overseas study.As for me, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor beneficial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to one’s self-improvement, but it’s better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own .Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning).1. Y2. NG3. Y。
2012年大学英语四六级必备宝典(精华版)
2012年大学英语四六级必备宝典本文档主要分为两部分，前半部分是cet6，后半部分是cet4。
.CET6资料大全（很实用噢） (2)六级在考试内容方面与与四级的区别 (113)CET-4资料大全（完整版） (194)CET6资料大全（很实用噢）大学英语四六级考试流程14：50——15：00试音寻台时间15：00——15：10播放考场指令，发放作文考卷15：10取下耳机，开始作文考试15：35发放含有快速阅读的试题册（但15：40才允许开始做）15：40——15：55做快速阅读部分15：55——16：00收答题卡一（即作文和快速阅读）15：55——16：00重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试16：00开始听力考试，电台开始放音听力结束后完成剩余考项。
17：20全部考试结束英语四六级考试题型：计分规则2011年上半年大学英语六级考试将在6月18日15：00-17：20举行，下半年将在12月17日15：00-17：20举行，为了帮助大家有效的报考复习，考试大外语站点编辑收集整理了相关信息供大家参考，希望对大家有所帮助，考试大祝大家顺利通过考试！写作：33分--条理不清、思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。
39分--基本切题。
表达思想不清楚连贯性差。
有较多严重的语言错误。
45分--基本切题。
有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。
57分--切题。
表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
67分--切题。
表达思想清楚，文字通顺。
连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
文字不足酌情扣分：100-119扣1分;90-99扣3分;80-89扣4分;70-79扣5分;60-69扣6分;50-59扣7分;不足50扣9分。
听力：听力理解共35个，包括短对话、长对话、短文听力及短文听写：听力对话及短文听力共25题，每1题算1个，共25个;短文听写共11题，其中单词听写8题，每2题算1个，句子听写共2题，每1题算2个，共10个。
大学英语六级卷二真题2012年12月_真题无答案
大学英语六级卷二真题2012年12月(总分710, 做题时间150分钟)Part I Writing (30 minutes)1.On Maintaining TrustSSS_TEXT_QUSTIPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES)Rates are low, but consumers won’t borrowThe US Federal Reserve(Fed)'s announcement last week that it intended to keep credit cheap for at least two more years was a clearinvitation to Americans: Go out and borrow.But many economists say it will take more than low interest rates to persuade consumers to take on more debt. There are already signs that the recent stock market fluctuations, turbulence in Europe and the US deficit have scared consumers. On Friday, preliminary data showedthat the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan consumer sentiment index had fallen this month to lower than it was in November 2008, when the United States was deep in recession.Under normal circumstances, the Fed's announcement might have attracted new home and car buyers and prompted credit card holders to rack up fresh charges. But with unemployment high and those with jobs worried about keeping them, consumers are more concerned about paying off the loans they already have than adding more debt. And by showing its hand for the next two years, the Fed may have thoughtlessly invited prospective borrowers to put off large purchases.Lenders, meanwhile, are still dealing with the effects of the boom-gone-bust and are forcing prospective borrowers to go to extraordinary lengths to prove their creditworthiness."I don't think lenders are going to be interested in extending a lot of debt in this environment," said Mark Zandi, chief economist of Moody's Analytics, a macroeconomic consulting firm. "Nor do I think households are going to be interested in taking on a lot of debt."In housing, consumers have already shown a slow response to low rates. Applications for new mortgages have decreased this year to a 10-year low, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association. Sales of furniture and furnishings remain 22% below their pre-recession peak, according to Spending Pulse, a research report by MasterCard Advisors.Credit card rates have actually gone up slightly in the past year. The one bright spot in lending is the number of auto loans, which is up from last year. But some economists say that confidence among car buyers is hitting new lows.For Xavier Walter, a former mortgage banker who with his wife, Danielle, accumulated$20 000 in credit card debt, low rates will not change his spending habits.As the housing market topped out five years ago, he lost his six-figure income. He and his wife were able to modify the mortgage on their four-bedroom house in Medford, New Jersey, as well as negotiate lower credit card payments.Two years ago, Mr. Walter, a 34-year-old father of three, started an energy business. He has sworn off credit. "I'm not going to go back in debt ever again," he said. "If I can't pay for it in cash, I don't want it."Until now, one of the biggest restraints on consumer spending has been a debt aftereffect. Since August 2008, when household debt peaked at$12.41 trillion, it has declined by about$1.2 trillion, according to an analysis by Moody's Analytics of data from the Federal Reserve and Equifax, the credit agency. A large portion of that, though, was simply written off by lenders as borrowers defaulted on loans.By other measures, households have improved their position. The proportion of after-tax income that households spend to remain current on loan payments has fallen.Still, household debt remains high. That presents a paradox: many economists argue that the economy cannot achieve true health until debt levels decline. But credit, made attractive by low rates, is a time-tested way to increase consumer spending.With new risks of another downturn, economists worry that it will take years for debt to return to manageable levels. If the economy contracts again, said George Magnus, senior adviser at UBS, then "you could find a lot of households in a debt trap which they probably can never get out of."Mortgage lenders, meanwhile, burned by the housing crash, are extra careful about approving new loans. In June, for instance, Fannie Mae, the largest mortgage buyer in the United States, said that borrowers whose existing debt exceeded 45 to 50% of their income would be required to have stronger "compensating" factors, which might include higher savings.Even those borrowers in strong financial positions are asked to provide unusual amounts of paperwork. Bobby and Katie Smith have an extremely good credit record, tiny student debt and a combined six-figure income. For part of their down payment, they planned to use about$5 000 they had received as wedding gifts in February.But the lender would not accept that money unless the Smiths provided a certified letter from each of 14 guests, stating that the money was a gift, rather than a loan."We laughed for a good 15 or 20 minutes." recalled Mr. Smith. 34. Mr. Smith, a program director for a radio station in Orlando, Florida, said they ended up using other savings for their down payment to buy a$300 000 four-bedroom house in April.For those not as creditworthy as the Smiths, low rates are irrelevant because they no longer qualify for mortgages. That leaves theeligible pool of loan applicants wealthier, "older and whiter," said Guy Cecala, publisher of Inside Mortgage Finance. "It's creating much more of a divide," he said, "between the haves and the have-nots." Car shoppers with the highest credit ratings can also get loans more easily, and at lower rates, said Paul C. Taylor, chief economist of the National Automobile Dealers AssociationDuring the recession, inability to obtain credit severely cut auto buying as lenders rejected even those with good credit ratings. Now automakers are increasing their subprime（次级债的）lending again as well, but remain hesitant to approve large numbers of risky customers.The number of new auto loans was up by l6% in the second **pared with the previous year, said Melinda Zabritski, director of automotive credit at Experian, the information **pany.But some economists warn that consumer confidence is falling. According to CNW Marketing Research, confidence among those who intend to buy a car this year is at its lowest since it began collecting data on this measure in 2000.On credit cards, rates have actually inched higher this year. largely because of new rules that curb the issuer's ability to charge fees or raise certain interest rates at will.At the end of the second quarter, rates averaged 14. 01% on new card offers, up from 13. 75% a year earlier, according to Mail Monitor, which tracks credit cards for Synovate, a market research firm. According to data from the Federal Reserve, total outstanding debt on revolving credit cards was down by 4. 6% during the first half of the **pared with the same period a year earlier.Even if the Fed's announcement helps keep rates steady. or pushes them down, businesses do not expect customers to suddenly charge up a storm."It's not like, 'Oh, credit is so cheap. let's go back to the heydays （鼎盛时期）,",said Elizabeth Crowell, who owns Sterling Place, two high-end home furnishing and gift stores in New York. "People stillfear for their jobs. So I think where maybe after other recessions they might return to previous spending habits, the pendulum hasn't swung back the same way."SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.What is the purpose of the announcement issued by the US Federal Reserve last week?A To help reduce the debt burden on consumers.B To force the banks to lower their interest rates.C To encourage consumers to get more bank loans.D To prevent further fluctuations in the stock market.SSS_SINGLE_SEL2.Why are people reluctant to take on more debt despite the low interest rates?A They are afraid of losing their good credit ratings.B They are pessimistic about employment prospects.C They have little faith in the Fed's financial policies.D They expect the Fed to further lower interest rates.SSS_SINGLE_SEL3.What does the author say about lenders in the current credit market?A They are becoming more cautious.B They are eager to offer more loans.C They advise prospective borrowers to put off large purchases.D They are only concerned about how much they can get back.SSS_SINGLE_SEL4.What does the author want to say by citing Xavier Walter's case?A Not many Americans can afford to pay in cash these days.B The Fed's policies exert a strong influence on borrowers.C People now won't buy things unless they have the money.D It is beneficial for Americans to borrow in times of recession.SSS_SINGLE_SEL5.What is the economists' concern regarding the current economy?A Consumers' unwillingness to spend.B Banks' inability to recover debt.C The ever-lowering interest rates.D The unmanageable debt levels.SSS_SINGLE_SEL6.What do we learn from the Smiths' story?A It is very difficult for people to build up a good credit record.B A certain amount of savings is needed for one to buy a house.C The purchase of a house will plunge young couples into heavy debt.D Mortgage lenders are now careful about borrowers' qualifications.SSS_SINGLE_SEL7.According to Guy Cecala, the banks' policy on mortgage lending will result in_____.A a wider gap between the rich and the poorB a bigger down payment for house buyersC a higher debt level for the less wealthyD a greater pressure on senior buyersSSS_FILL8.During the recession, the number of car buyers decreased because it was difficult to____.SSS_FILL9.Credit card interest rates have gradually increased recently because new rules do not allow the issuers to raise certain interest rates or____.SSS_FILL10.According to Elizabeth Crowell, the current recession, unlike previous ones, has not seen a swing back in people's____.Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation an SSS_SINGLE_SEL11.A Ask his boss for a lighter schedule.B Trade places with someone else.C Accept the extra work willingly.D Look for a more suitable job.SSS_SINGLE_SEL12.A It is unusual for his wife to be at home now.B He is uncertain where his wife is at the moment.C It is strange for his wife to call him at workD He does not believe what the woman has told him.SSS_SINGLE_SEL13.A The man is going to send out the memo tomorrow.B The man will drive the woman to the station.C The speakers are traveling by train tomorrow morning.D The woman is concerned with the man's healthSSS_SINGLE_SEL14.A The suite booked was for a different date.B The room booked was on a different floor.C The room booked was not spacious enough.D A suite was booked instead of a double room.SSS_SINGLE_SEL15.A The reason for low profits.B **pany's sales policy.C The **petition they face.D The lack of effective promotion.SSS_SINGLE_SEL16.A Go and get the groceries at once.B Do some shopping on their way home.C Manage with what they have.D Have the groceries delivered to them.SSS_SINGLE_SEL17.A The hot weather in summer.B The ridiculous rules of the office.C The problem with the air conditioner.D The atmosphere in the office.SSS_SINGLE_SEL18.A Set a new stone in her ring.B Buy a ring with precious diamond.C Find the priceless jewel she lost.D Shop on Oxford Street for a decent gift.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only oncQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL19.A Damaging public facilities.B Destroying urban wildlife.C Organising rallies in the park.D Hurting baby animals in the zoo.SSS_SINGLE_SEL20.A He had bribed the park keepers to keep quiet.B People had differing opinions about his behaviour.C The serious consequences of his doings were not fully realised.D His behaviour was thought to have resulted from mentalillness.SSS_SINGLE_SEL21.A Brutal.B Justifiable.C Too harsh.D Well-deserved.SSS_SINGLE_SEL22.A Encouraging others to follow his wrong-doing.B Stealing endangered animals from the zoo.C Organising people against the authorities.D Attacking the park keepers in broad daylight.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL23.A She has already left school.B She works for the handicapped.C She is fond of practical courses.D She is good at foreign languages.SSS_SINGLE_SEL24.A He is interested in science courses.B He attends a boarding school.C He speaks French and German.D He is the brightest of her three kids.SSS_SINGLE_SEL25.A Comprehensive schools do not offer quality education.B Parents decide what schools their children are to attend.C Public schools are usually bigger in size than private schools.D Children from low income families can't really choose schools. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL26.A Encourage the students to do creative thinking.B Help the students to **munication skills.C Cultivate the students' ability to inspire employees.D Focus on teaching the various functions of business.SSS_SINGLE_SEL27.A His teaching career at the Harvard Business School.B His personal involvement in business management.C His presidency at college and experience overseas.D His education and professorship at Babson College.SSS_SINGLE_SEL28.A Development of their raw brain power.B Exposure to the liberal arts and humanities.C Improvement of their ability in capital management.D Knowledge of up-to-date information technology.SSS_SINGLE_SEL29.A Reports on business and government corruption.B His contact with government and business circles.C Discoveries of cheating among MBA students.D The increasing influence of the mass media. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL30.A They have better options for their kids than colleges.B The unreasonably high tuition is beyond their means.C The quality of higher education may not be worth the tuition.D They think that their kids should pay for their own education.SSS_SINGLE_SEL31.A They do too many extracurricular activities.B They tend to select less demanding courses.C They take part-time jobs to support themselves.D They think few of the courses worth studying.SSS_SINGLE_SEL32.A Its samples are not representative enough.B Its significance should not be underestimated.C Its **e as a surprise to many parents.D Its criteria for academic progress are questionable.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.SSS_SINGLE_SEL33.A A newly married couple.B Someone good at cooking.C A business acquaintance.D Someone you barely know.SSS_SINGLE_SEL34.A Obtain necessary information about your guests.B Collect a couple of unusual or exotic recipes.C Buy the best meat and the freshest fruit.D Try to improve your cooking skills.SSS_SINGLE_SEL35.A Losing weight.B Entertaining guests.C Making friends.D Cooking meals.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blankPeople with **prise a large but diverse segment of the population. It is (36) ______ that over 35 million Americans have physical, mental, or other disabilities. (37) ______ half of these disabilities are “developmental,” i.e., they occur prior to the individual’stwenty-second birthday, often from (38) ______ conditions, and are severe enough to affect threeor more areas of development, such as (39) ______, communication and employment. Most other disabilities are considered (40) ______, i.e., caused by outside forces.Before the 20th century, only a small (41) treatment for such conditions as stroke or spinal cord (42) not have inherently affectedtheir life span were often medicine and social services have created a climate in which (44) Unfortunately, these basics education, and gain employment have historically been denied on the basis of disability.(45) ______. Disabled people formed grassroots coalitions to advocate their rights to integration and meaningful equality of opportunity. (46) ______. In the mid-1970s, critical legislation mandated（规定）access to education, public transportation, and public facilities, and prohibited employment discrimination by federal agencies or employers receiving federal funds.SSS_FILL36.SSS_FILL37.SSS_FILL38.SSS_FILL39.SSS_FILL40.SSS_FILL41.SSS_FILL42.SSS_FILL43.SSS_FILL44.SSS_FILL45.SSS_FILL46.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.For many families, figuring out how many after-school activities are too many is a struggle. For parents who fear they're "over-scheduling" their children, a new study carries a comforting message. The paper, published last week by the Society for Research in Child Development, is the first to take a data-driven look at the issue-and whether being so busy is really a bad thing. The study suggests the phenomenon is more isolated than media reports suggest: in fact. 40,七 of children(ages 5-18) are engaged in no activities, typical kids spend just five hours a week in structured activities, and very few children-3-6%-spend 20 hours a week. On average, most kids spend far more time watching TV and playing games. And for kids who're extremely busy, there's also good news: the more activities they do, the better kids perform on measures of educational achievement and psychological adjustment. "This popular concern [about over-scheduling] has been generated by a couple of parenting books and the media," says Yale professor and lead author Joseph Mahoney. But looking at the data, "it's hard to argue that kids are over-scheduled."That news will be welcome in households like the Oviedos', in Highland Park, Ill. Nine-year-old Bianca spends six hours a week in rhythmic-gymnastics classes and three hours a week at ballet, plus a half-hour piano lesson. "The alternative would be playing on **puter or watching TV," says her mother, Anca, who believes Bianca benefits by learning to focus, making new friends and acquiring new skills. The new paper doesn't sway some experts who've advocated against activity-creep. They say kids arc far busier-and overstressed by itall-than the numbers suggest. "This is an example of researchers using big data sets to dispute the lived experience of many, many parents and families," says William Doherty, a University of Minnesota family- studies professor. Some skeptics question whether the self-reported time-diary data are really accurate; others say they don't account for all the time spent getting between activities. Alvin Rosenfeld. co-author of The Over-Scheduled Child, says: "If people follow this advice and do more activities, I think it'll be pretty damaging."Despite the doubters, the new data are a small step toward a better understanding of what's best for kids. And no matter what the numbers show, there's no disputing that every child is different--and some will absolutely do better with less. Lisa DuIg of South Lyon, Mich., feels as though her 6-year-old twins are the only kids in town who don't take skiing and ice-skating lessons. "There is nothing wrong with cuddling up（依偎）on the couch with Mom and Dad," says Lisa. And for families who prefer to bond on the sidelines of soccer fields, the latest research can provide a different kind of comfort.SSS_FILL47.The question in dispute in the passage is whether or not childrenare_____?SSS_FILL48.It can be inferred that a good way to keep children away from TV and video games is to engage them in______.SSS_FILL49.According to the new study, children will _____academically and psychologically if they involve themselves in more after-school activities.SSS_FILL50.There are skeptics who raise doubts about the new study. saying that its data may be____.SSS_FILL51.In spite of the controversy, the new study may help people see more clearly____.Section BThere are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centrePassage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Who's poor in America? That's a question hard to answer. Hard because there's no conclusive definition of poverty. Low income matters, though how low is unclear. Poverty is also a state of mind that fosters self-defeating behavior-bad work habits, family breakdowns, and addictions. Finally, poverty results from bad luck: accidents, job losses, disability.Despite poverty's messiness, we've measured progress against it by a single statistic: the federal poverty line. By this measure, we haven't made much progress. But the apparent lack of progress is misleading for two reasons.First, it ignores immigration. Many immigrants are poor and low-skilled. They add to the poor. From 1989 to 2007, about three quarters of the increase in the poverty population occurred among Hispanics（西班牙裔美国人）-mostly immigrants and their children. Second, the poor's material well-being has improved. The official poverty measure obscures this by counting only pre-tax cash income and ignoring other sources of support, including food stamps and housing subsidies. Although many poor live from hand to mouth,they've participated in rising living standards. In 2005, 91% had microwaves. 79% air-conditioning, and 48% cell phones.The existing poverty line could be improved by adding some income sources and subtracting some expenses. Unfortunately, the administration's proposal for a "supplemental poverty measure" in 2011 goes beyond that. The new poverty number **pound public confusion. It also raises questions about whether the statistic is tailored to favor a political agenda.The "supplemental measure" ties the poverty threshold to what the poorest third of Americans spend on food, housing, clothing, and utilities. The actual threshold will probably be higher than today'spoverty line. Many Americans would find this weird: people get richer, but "poverty" stays stuck..What produces this outcome is a different view of poverty. The present concept is an absolute one: the poverty threshold reflects the amount estimated to meet basic needs. By contrast, the new measure embraces a relative notion of poverty: people are automatically poor if they're a given distance from the top, even if their incomes are increasing.The new indicator is a "propaganda device" to promote income redistribution by showing that poverty is stubborn or increasing. The Census Bureau has estimated statistics similar to theadministration's proposal. In 2008, the traditional poverty rate was 13.2%; estimates of the new statistic range up to l7%. The new poverty statistic exceeds the old, and the gap grows larger over time.As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. It's legitimate to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics should strive for political neutrality（中立）.This one fails.SSS_SINGLE_SEL52.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A Poverty is very often defined as a state of mind.B Poverty is a problem hard to tackle in America.C Bad work habits and bad luck lead to poverty.D There is no consensus on the concept of poverty.SSS_SINGLE_SEL53.What does the author say about the poor in America?A Their living standards have actually improved.B Most of them are immigrants and their descendants.C Their chances of rising above the poverty line are slim.D Most of them rely on government subsidies for survival.SSS_SINGLE_SEL54.What does the author think of the administration's proposal for a "supplemental poverty measure"?A It is intended to further help the poor.B It is made to serve political purposes.C It is a positive response to changed circumstances.D It is an attempt to combat the economic recession.SSS_SINGLE_SEL55.What is characteristic of the new measure of poverty?A It defines poverty by the gap between the rich and the poor.B It raises the threshold for the poor to get welfare benefits.C It is more accurate and scientific in terms of statistics.D It truly reflects the practical needs of the poor.SSS_SINGLE_SEL56.What does the author want to say by quoting Daniel Moynihan?A Economic equality is but an empty dream.B Political neutrality can never be achieved.C The administration's statistics are biased.D The debate over poverty will get nowhere.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Eleven summers ago I was sent to a management program at the Wharton School to be prepared for bigger things. Along with lectures on finance and entrepreneurship and the like, the program included a delightfully out-of-place session with Al Filreis, an English professor at the University of Pennsylvania, on poetry.For three hours he talked us through "The Red Wheelbarrow" and "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening." The experience----especially when contrasted with the horrible prose of our other assignedreading--sent me fleeing to the campus bookstore, where I resumed a long-interrupted romance with meter and rhyme（韵）.Professor Filreis says that he is "a little shocked" at how intensely his Wharton students respond to this unexpected deviation from the businesslike, not just as a relief but as a kind of stimulus. Many write afterward asking him to recommend books of poetry. Especially now,"The grim economy seems to make the participants keener than ever to think 'out of the box' in the way poetry encourages," he told me. Which brings me to Congress, an institution stuck deeper inside the box than just about any other these days. You have probably heardthat up on Capitol Hill（美国国会山）,they're very big on prayer breakfasts, where members gather over scrambled eggs and ask God for wisdom. You can judge from the agonizing debt spectacle we've watched。
2012年12月英语四六级真题答案及详解（完整版）
2012年12月英语六级试题答案(完整版)Part ⅠWritingMy View on University RankingIn recent years, all kinds of University Ranking Lists can be found on some educational websites, or newspapers. The ranking standards also vary. These lists have great influence on students. They are even becoming the only scale to evaluate the colleges and universities.People hold different views toward this phenomenon. Some believe that these lists help the students a lot, especially for those who will choose their university. While some other protest vigorously. In their points, the list is really ridiculous and harmful. In my view, the university ranking may have its own reference values, but its disadvantages overweigh its values.For those university-students-to-be, they are supposed to choose the school according to his or her own situation, but not the so-called Ranking List. What’s more, how about the university students? How do they feel about themselves when they see the ranking? The list may become some intangible shackles for them if their own school ranks poorly.In a nutshell, there is no easy method to rank these universities, but the Ranking, only helps students ignore the essentials, namely, their ninety-nine percent perspiration.此次六级作文的自由度很大，看似给出了提纲，实际上具体的观点全靠个人发挥。
2012年12月英语六级阅读真题及解析
2012年12月大学英语六级考试真题Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic disruption has been good for: nonhumans.From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws and taught to carve up animal bodies in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.Automation isn’t just affecting factory workers, either. Some law firms now use artificial intelligence software to scan and read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was performed by highly-paid human lawyers.“Robots continue to have an impact on blue-collar jobs, and white-collar jobs are under attack by microprocessors,” says economics professor Edward Leamer. The recession permanently wiped out 2.5 million jobs. U.S. gross domestic product has climbed back to pre-recession levels, meaning we’re producing as much as before, only with 6% fewer workers. To be sure, robotics are not the only job killers out there,with outsourcing (外包) stealing far more jobs than automation.Jeff Burnstein, president of the Robotics Industry Association, argues that robots actually save U.S. jobs. His logic: companies that embrace automation might use fewer workers, but that’s still better than firing everyone and moving the work overseas.It’s not that robots are cheaper than humans, though often they are. It’s that they’re better. “In some cases the quality requirements are so exacting that even if you wanted to have a human do the job, you co uldn’t,” Burnstein says.Same goes for surgeons, who’re using robotic systems to perform an ever-growing list of operations—not because the machines save money but because, thanks to the greater precision of robots, the patients recover in less time and have fewer complications, says Dr. Myriam Curet.Surgeons may survive the robot invasion, but others at the hospital might not be so lucky, as iRobot, maker of the Roomba, a robot vacuum cleaner, has been showing off Ava, which could be used as a messenger in a hospital. And once you’re home, recovering, Ava could let you talk to your doctor, so there’s no need to send someone to your house. That “mobile telepresence” could be useful at the office. If you’re away on atrip, you can still attend a meeting. Just connect via videoconferencing software, so your face appears on Ava’s screen.Is any job safe? I was hoping to say “journalist,” but researchers are already developing software that can gather facts and write a news story. Which means that a few years from now, a robot could be writing this column. And who will read it? Well, there might be a lot of us hanging around with lots of free time on our hands.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2012年12月英语六级真题答案及解析汇总
2012年12月六级真题答案及解析汇总A 【标准版】Man and ComputerEver since the birth of it, the computer has largely changed human being’s life and there has been a hot debate about its effects on humans. Undeniably, computers have taken the place of humans in many areas and it seems that computers begin to think like man, but this does not necessarily lead to the danger that man will think like computers.The reasons, in my opinion, are as follows. Firstly, when computers release human from repetitive tasks, humans themselves can spend more time on creative works, such as scientific research, which require imagination and cannot be completed by computers. Meanwhile, thanks to computers, humans get more spare time with their friends and family, which enhances their happiness. Moreover, even though computers can work automatically, the premise is that the program, which is written by humans, has been installed in it.In conclusion, humans,unlike computers, havecreative ability, emotionaldesires and social bounds.Thus, I don’t think thatthere will be the dangerthat man will begin to thinklike the computer.【高分版】Man and ComputerIt is believed that thecomputer is bringing theworld into a brand new era.At the time the computerwas invented, scientists,marveling at its calculatingspeed, felt that they hadcreated a miracle.Nowadays, the function ofthe computer is no longerconfined to calculation; itpermeates people’s dailylives and has become aninseparable part of humansociety.People become soheavily dependent oncomputers that it is hard toimagine the life withoutcomputers. Therefore,some people are worriedthat “The real danger isnot that the computer willthink like man, but manwill think like thecomputer.” Their con cerndoes make sense. Indeed,some people spend such along time working oncomputers that they havefew interactions withpeople in real life.According to a research,too many hours in front ofa computer may lead to apoker face andinterpersonal isolation.This fact should arouse ourattention, because unlikecomputers, human beingsare social creatures thatneed emotionalconnections with others.Yet, it is alsounnecessary for us to beoverwhelmed by thenegative impacts ofcomputers. After all, wehumans are intelligent andwill be able to figure outbetter ways to makeimprovements.本次六级作文的题目是人与电脑，对“真正的危险不是电脑开始像人一样思考，而是人开始像电脑一样思考。
007版2012年12月英语六级阅读真题(全三套及答案详解)
2012年12月英语六级第一套深度阅读真题Section BPassage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Who's poor in America? That's a question hard to answer. Hard because there's no conclusive definition of poverty. Low income matters, though how low is unclear. Poverty is also a state of mind that fosters self-defeating behavior-bad work habits, family breakdowns, and addictions. Finally, poverty results from bad luck: accidents, job losses, disability.Despite poverty's messiness, we've measured progress against it by a single statistic: the federal poverty line. By this measure, we haven't made much progress. But the apparent lack of progress is misleading for two reasons.First, it ignores immigration. Many immigrants are poor and low-skilled. They add to the poor. From 1989 to 2007, about three quarters of the increase in the poverty population occurred among Hispanics（西班牙裔美国人）-mostly immigrants and their children.Second, the poor's material well-being has improved. The official poverty measure obscures this by counting only pre-tax cash income and ignoring other sources of support, including food stamps and housing subsidies. Although many poor live from hand to mouth, they've participated in rising living standards. In 2005, 91% had microwaves. 79% air-conditioning, and 48% cell phones.The existing poverty line could be improved by adding some income sources and subtracting some expenses. Unfortunately, the administration's proposal for a "supplemental poverty measure" in 2011 goes beyond that. The new poverty number would compound public confusion. It also raises questions about whether the statistic is tailored to favor a political agenda.The "supplemental measure" ties the poverty threshold to what the poorest third of Americans spend on food, housing, clothing, and utilities. The actual threshold will probably be higher thantoday's poverty line. Many Americans would find this weird: people get richer, but "poverty" stays stuck..What produces this outcome is a different view of poverty. The present concept is an absolute one: the poverty threshold reflects the amount estimated to meet basic needs. By contrast, the new measure embraces a relative notion of poverty: people are automatically poor if they're a given distance from the top, even if their incomes are increasing.The new indicator is a "propaganda device" to promote income redistribution by showing that poverty is stubborn or increasing. The Census Bureau has estimated statistics similar to the administration's proposal. In 2008, the traditional poverty rate was %; estimates of the new statistic range up to l7%. The new poverty statistic exceeds the old, and the gap grows larger over time.As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. It's legitimate to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics should strive for political neutrality（中立）.This one fails.注意：此部份试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2012年 英语六级模板机及解题技巧+高频词汇
一．考试时间及分数1.作文分数占总分的15%，也就是106.5分，在这部分你要达到63.9分为及格。
答题时间为30分钟。
2.快速阅读占总分的10%，即71分，在这部分你要达到42.6分为及格分。
题号为1-10题，答题时间为15分钟。
3.听力部分占总分的35%，即248.5分，在这部分的及格分为149.1分。
题号为11-35题，答题时间为35分钟。
4.是一篇篇章词汇理解和两篇传统的阅读理解，总分数为177.5分。
在这部分你要达到106.5分为及格分。
题号为36-66。
答题时间为25分钟。
5.是完形填空（极大可能考这个），占总分的10%，即71分，在这部分你要达到42.6分及格。
题号67-86，答题时间为15分钟。
6.翻译，汉译英并且需译部分只是一般的短句翻译。
占总分的5%，即35.5分，在这部分你要达到21.3分为及格，题号为87-91，答题时间是15分钟。
写作15% 快速阅读10% 听力35% 仔细阅读25%完型10% 翻译5%考试时间流程：14:50—15:00 : 试音寻台时间15:00—15:10 : 播放考场指令，发放作文考卷15:10 :取下耳机，开始作文考试15:35 : 发放含有快速阅读的试题册（但15：40才允许开始做）15:40—15:55 : 做快速阅读15:55—16:00 : 收答题卡一（即作文和快速阅读）15:55—16:00 : 重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试16:00 : 开始听力考试，电台开始放音听力结束后完成剩余考项17:20 : 全部考试结束二．听力技巧1．短对话除了和四级相同的一些视听反向原则(即听到的单词和短语要慎选)和同义词替换原则(即准确答案经常是原文的同义词语的替换)之外，六级的小对话在出题方向上出现过一些明显的特点，总结如下：a．教授要求严格：例如布置作业很多、考试不容易过，上课要求准时、讲座难度高等等W: Professor Smith, I really need the credits to graduate this summer.M: Here at this school the credits are earned, not given.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?A) The man thinks the woman can earn the credits.B) The woman is begging the man to let her pass the exam.C) The woman has to attend a summer course to graduate.D) The woman is going to graduate from summer school.解析：女生说：教授，我需要这些学分才能暑假顺利毕业。
2012年12月英语六级答案详解(第三套)
2012年12月六级第三套答案速查答案速查1-7 BCDABAC8. next to nothing9. pick up as word spread10.the library or classmates11-15 CDABB16-20 ADCBA21-25 DCDAC26-30 BCBDA31-35 CDACB36. potentially37. experienced38. gasp39. dizzy40. fatigue41. constant42. adverse43. precautions44.Your body needs to get used to a high altitude before you climb to an even higher one45.When you reach your top height, do light activities rather than sleep too much46.Don't risk injury or death because of over-confidence or lack of knowledge47. slim48.“pricing strategies”49.agricultural subsidies50.a most close link51.Low-income and minority communities.52-56 ADBCB57-61 BDCAD62-66 ACBCD67-7I ABDBA72-76 CABAD77-81 DCBCD82. have turned the wasteland into fertile farmland83. I would have hardly recognized her84. convinced the judge of our innocence/convinced the judge that we were innocent85. We can assure you that/You can be assured that/You can count on us that86. it is inadvisable/unwise to attempt to conquer itReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1.【线索词】paper textbooksB)【定位】由线索词定位到第一段第三句…students are still hauling around bulky, old-fashioned textbooks-and loving it.【精析】细节推断题。
BBC新闻听力100篇
BBC新闻听力100篇News Item 1The Japanese government has played down concern about a possible nuclear meltdown, following a big explosion at a nuclear power station in the north of the country. The blast occurred a day after the area was hit by a powerful earthquake and tsunami. A top government offi cial, Yukio Edano, said a steel container encasing the nuclear reactor had not been ruptured by the blast.News Item 2Fifty thousand Japanese military personnel had been ordered to join the huge rescue and relief operation following the earthquake and tsunami. More than 1,000 people are feared dead. About 400 bodies were found in the town of Rikuzentakata, and Japanese media reports say 10,000 people are unaccounted for in Minamisanriku. Damian Grammaticas in the port of Sendai says the scenes of devastation there are astonishing.News Item 3International disaster relief teams have been sent to Japan. The United Nations said a nine strong UN team of experts would include several Japanese speakers. Britain said it was sending expert assistance after receiving a request from Japan. Singapore is also deploying an urban search and rescue team. American forces stationed in Japan have already been involved in rescue operations, and more than 50 territories and countries have offered assistance.News Item 4As offi cials in Japan struggle to assess the extent of the damage following the tsunami caused by a massive earthquake, it’s been announced that some 300 people are known to have been killed and more than 500 are unaccounted for in the area around the northern coastal city of Sendai. The 8.9-magnitude quake, the biggest ever recorded in Japan, sent a wave of water several meters high sweeping far inland. Its epicenter was about 130km off Japan’s east coast. In the capital Tokyo, several hundred kilometers away, buildings swayed violently during the quake, which was followed by a series of powerful aftershocks.News Item 5Slowly but relentlessly, Colonel Gaddafi’s forces seem to be winning the battle for Ras Lanuf. Opposition fi ghters are still in the town, but they are under intense pressure. The bombing from government warplanes continued today, and there’s a big plume of smoke from the oil installation which was hit a couple of days ago. There’s no sign of either the rebel fi ghters or the local population beginning to fl ee the area. If Ras Lanuf falls, it brings the frontline closer to the main opposition-held city of Benghazi.四级最新资料2012.12大学英语四六级写作技巧PPT（共98页）2012.12大学英语四六级实用总结之阅读技巧【备战2012.12】四六级优秀作文选，最新预测作文哦！【备战2012.12】英语周计划系列丛书：大学英语新四级写作周计划（第4版）2012.12英语周计划系列丛书大学英语新四级阅读周计划（第四版）【备战2012.12】XDF赵丽四级词汇5500串讲（共八十讲更新完毕！）2012.12新东方四级完整版复习资料，辅导班内部用的，和大家分享下2012.12考拉进阶四级30篇预测作文2012.12大学英语四级听力技巧精讲完整版（1-12）英语周计划系列丛书-大学英语新四级综合测试周计划（第4版）【备战2012.12】英语周计划系列丛书：大学英语新四级听力周计划（第4版）2012.12大学英语四级听力技巧精讲（1-12），更新在继续！2012.12环球卓越四级应试宝典，让你备战四级的路上不再有弯路！2012.12环球卓越四级热点作文20篇(写作小册子)，不拿白不拿！！！多样式攻克大学英语四级词汇便携版（2012.12完整版）接着送大礼！！！2012.12王长喜四级3000高频词汇周计划送礼啦~~~2012.12王长喜四级30篇预测作文2012.12王长喜四级10套标准听力及原文+答案【好东东】害怕四级短文听力的进，短文听力训练好资料等你下载【好东东】2012.12文都大学英语四级考试一本通关（最新版）【大家网原创】2012年6月16日英语四级考试答案及解析！【好消息】最新2012《大学英语四级模拟试卷》（给力第二版）XDF《2012四级写作范文100篇》，让你最后20天作文得满分~~~【好消息】最新《大学英语四六级20天写作冲关快训》（给力第二版）大家网首发四级考试20天一本通2012年四级听力备考资料~不断更新中~~~大家网首发2012年6月10套大学英语4级考试命题改革与预测试卷（华研外语）大家网首发华研2012年6月四级8套强化听力+文本大家网首发2012年6月四级备考2000词汇卡片（附有听力）大家网首发华研四级2012年6月预测作文16篇+听力大家网首发2012举一反三710分四级写作典型题解历年大学英语四级真题试卷word+答案解析+听力原文+MP3（1989-2011.12）大家网首发2012年考拉进阶上海交通大学四级预测试卷及MP3.rar大家网首发2012举一反三710分四级阅读典型题解大家网首发2012举一反三710分四级综合典型题解大家网首发2012考拉进阶大学英语四级考试25篇押题作文+5套强化听力.rar大家网首发2012考拉进阶大学英语四级机考文件最新消息~大家网原创四级写作话题帖-吐血整理~~2012大学英语四、六级词汇词根词缀记忆法测试版PDF备战2012年6月四级-1000个高频词汇-（听力加强版）大家网原创四六级每日一练（各种题型专项训练）2012最新4级词汇大全（附有音标）四级100条阅读难句~每周更新~~~大家网版2011年12月大学英语四级真题图片版与pdf 版下载【大家网首发】2011.12.17四级听力MP3下载超清晰新东方英语四级精品全程班课件(音频+视频+word)汇总【备战2012】XDF四六级内部资料，过期不候【备战2012】英语四级考试高级语法讲义汇总【四六级机考】机考时代，你有木有加入？（内含机考参考资料）【备战2012年6月】英语四级写作备考推荐必看范文（汇总贴，给你导航）某辅导班四级精讲内部材料，全方位提高四级成绩！！！英语四级考试技巧汇总大全，共175页PDF，要的拿去！更多精华资料请点击【四级备考】历年精华资料大全四六级资料大全/forum-58-1.html2012四级备考资料大全/thread-2764304-1-1.html2012年六级精华资料大全/thread-2764307-1-1.html英语角/forum-439-1.html欢迎加入大家论坛四六级QQ群170208402 221970617 232765165 113796235。
2012年12月英语六级答案详解(第二套)
答案速查1-7.CBACDDA8.obtain credit9.(to) charge fees10.spending habits11-15 CACDA16-20 CBABC21-25 CADAD26-30 DCBAC31-35 BDDAB36.estimated37.Approximately38.genetic39.mobility40.accidental41.percentage42.injury43.perished44.people with disabilities can expect to have such basic needs as food,shelter and medical treatment met45.In recent decades, the disability rights movement has been organized to combat these violations of civil rights46.Congress responded by passing major legislation, recognizing people with disabilities as a protected class47.over-scheduled48.(more) activities49.perform better5O.inaccurate51 .what's best for kids52-56 DABAC57-61 BCABD62-66 ACDAB67-71 ADBCC72-76 ADBCA77-81 DBCDB82.No matter how/However powerful China becomes83.but on diligence and persistence84.If only they were here now85.has been donating a large sum of money to charity86.would be forced to seek shelter from the sunReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1.【线索词】announcement, US Federal ReserveC)【定位】由线索词定位到第一段The US Federal Reserve…was a clear invitation to Americans: Go out and borrow.【精析】细节推断题。
2012年12月大学英语六级真题(第二套)
2012年12月大学英语六级考试多题多卷（三）Part IIReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In a Digital Age, Students Still Cling to Paper TextbooksThey text their friends all day long. At night, they do research for their term papers on laptops and commune with their parents on Skype. But as they walk the paths of Hamilton College, a poster-perfect liberal arts school in this upstate village, students are still hauling around bulky, old-fashioned textbooks-and loving it."The screen won't go blank," said Faton Begolli, a junior from Boston. "There can't be a virus. It wouldn't be the same without books. They've defined 'academia' (学术) for a thousand years."Though the world of print is receding before a tide of digital books, blogs and other Web sites, a generation of college students growing up with technology appears to be holding fast to traditional textbooks. That loyalty comes at a price. Textbooks are expensive-a year's worth can cost$700 to$900-and students' frustrations with the expense, as well as the emergence of new technology, have produced a perplexing array of options for obtaining them.Internet retailers like Amazon and are selling new and used books. They have been joined by several Web services that rent textbooks to students by the semester. Some 1 500 college bookstores are also offering rentals this fall, up from 300 last year. Here at Hamilton, students this year have a new way to avoid the middleman: a nonprofit Web site, created by the college's Entrepreneur Club, that lets them sell used books directly to one another.The explosion of outlets and formats-including digital books, which are rapidly becoming more sophisticated- has left some students bewildered. After completing the difficult job of course selection, they are forced to weigh cost versus convenience, analyze their own study habits and guess which texts they will want for years to come and which they will not miss."It depends on the course," said Victoria Adesoba, a student at New York University who was standing outside that school's bookstore, a powder-blue book bag slung over her shoulder “Last semester, I rented for psychology, and it was cheaper. But for something like organic chemistry, I need to keep the book. E-textbooks are good, but it's tempting to go on Facebook, and it can strain your eyes."For all the talk that her generation is the most technologically knowledgeable in history, paper-and-ink textbooks do not seem destined to disappear anytime soonAccording to the National Association of College Stores, digital books make up just under 3% of textbook sales, although the association expects that share to grow to 10-15% by 2012 as more titles are made available as e-books.In two recent studies-one by the association and another by the Student Public Interest Research Groups-three- quarters of the students surveyed said they still preferred a bound book to a digital version.Many students are reluctant to give up the ability to flip quickly between chapters, write in the margins and highlight passages, although new software applications are beginning to allowstudents to use e-textbooks that way."Students grew up learning from print books." said Nicole Allen. the textbooks campaign director for the research groups, "so as they transition to higher education, it's not surprising that they prefer a format that they are most accustomed to."Indeed, many Hamilton students grow passionate about the weighty volumes they still carry from dorm room to lecture hall to library, even as they compulsively(克制不住地)check their smartphones for text messages and c-mails."I believe that the codex is one of mankind's best inventions," said Jonathan Piskor, a junior from North Carolina, using the Latin term for book.That passion may be one reason that Barnes & Noble College Booksellers is working so hard to market its new software application, NOOKstudy, which allows students to navigate c-textbooks on Macs and PCs. The company, which operates 636 campus bookstores nationwide, introduced the free application last summer in hopes of luring more students to buy its electronic textbooks."The real obstacle is getting them to try it," said Tracey Weber, the company's executive vicepresident.The company is giving away "College Kick-Start Kits" to students who download NOOKstudy in the fall semester, with a dozen classic c-books like The Canterbury Tales and The Scarlet Letter. CourseSrnart is letting students try any c-textbook free for two weeks.But not every textbook is available in digital or rental format. At Hamilton, for instance, only about one-fifth of the titles are sold as c-textbooks this fall. A stroll through the campus store revealed the price difference. A book on constitutional law, for instance, was$189.85 new $142.40 used and$85.45 for rent. (Typically, an e-textbook is cheaper than a used book, though more expensive than a rental.)The expense of college textbooks, which is estimated to have risen four times the inflation rate in recent years, has become such a concern that some politicians are taking up the cause. Last month, Senator Charles E. Schumer of New York urged more college stores to rent books, after a survey of 38 campus bookstores in New York City and on Long Island by his office found that 16 did not offer the option.On Thursday, students at more than 40 colleges nationwide are planning an Affordable Textbooks Day of Action to encourage faculty members to assign texts that are less expensive, or offered free online.For now, buying books the old-fashioned way-new or used-prevails. Charles Schmidt, the spokesman for the National Association of College Stores, said that if a campus store sold a new book for$100, it would typically buy the book back for$50 at semester's end and sell it to the next student for$75.The buy-back price plunges, however, if the professor drops the book from the syllabus or if the bookstore has bought enough books to meet demand. When Louis Boguchwal, majoring in economics and math, tried to sell a$100 linear algebra(线性代数)textbook back to the college bookstore, he was offered$15."It was insulting," he said. "They give you next to nothing."Thus, the creation of Hamilton's new nonprofit Web site, get my textbooks. org. So far, traffic has been light: only about 70 books have been sold this fall. But Jason Mariasis, president of the Entrepreneur Club, said he expected sales to pick up as word spread.Mr. Begolli. a member of the club, recently sold three German novels for$17 on the site. "If I had sold them back to the bookstore, I would have gotten$7 or$8,"he said. "The bookstore is king when it comes to textbook sales. We felt there should be something for students, by students."Yet some students have to go it alone. Rosemary Rocha, an N.Y.U. student pursuing a degree in hospitality and tourism management, added up her required reading for the semester: $600. "It's harsh," she said. "I'm currently collecting unemployment, so that's not going to happen."Instead, she waits to borrow the few copies her professors leave on reserve at the library, or relies on the kindness of classmates. "My friends will let me borrow their books in exchange for coffee or a slice of pizza," she said. "I very seldom buy the textbooks, but I'm always like a chicken without a head."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
007版2012年12月英语六级阅读真题(全三套及答案详解)
2012年12月英语六级第一套深度阅读真题Section BPassage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Who's poor in America? That's a question hard to answer. Hard because there's no conclusive definition of poverty. Low income matters, though how low is unclear. Poverty is also a state of mind that fosters self-defeating behavior-bad work habits, family breakdowns, and addictions. Finally, poverty results from bad luck: accidents, job losses, disability.Despite poverty's messiness, we've measured progress against it by a single statistic: the federal poverty line. By this measure, we haven't made much progress. But the apparent lack of progress is misleading for two reasons.First, it ignores immigration. Many immigrants are poor and low-skilled. They add to the poor. From 1989 to 2007, about three quarters of the increase in the poverty population occurred among Hispanics（西班牙裔美国人）-mostly immigrants and their children.Second, the poor's material well-being has improved. The official poverty measure obscures this by counting only pre-tax cash income and ignoring other sources of support, including food stamps and housing subsidies. Although many poor live from hand to mouth, they've participated in rising living standards. In 2005, 91% had microwaves. 79% air-conditioning, and 48% cell phones.The existing poverty line could be improved by adding some income sources and subtracting some expenses. Unfortunately, the administration's proposal for a "supplemental poverty measure" in 2011 goes beyond that. The new poverty number would compound public confusion. It also raises questions about whether the statistic is tailored to favor a political agenda.The "supplemental measure" ties the poverty threshold to what the poorest third of Americans spend on food, housing, clothing, and utilities. The actual threshold will probably be higher thantoday's poverty line. Many Americans would find this weird: people get richer, but "poverty" stays stuck..What produces this outcome is a different view of poverty. The present concept is an absolute one: the poverty threshold reflects the amount estimated to meet basic needs. By contrast, the new measure embraces a relative notion of poverty: people are automatically poor if they're a given distance from the top, even if their incomes are increasing.The new indicator is a "propaganda device" to promote income redistribution by showing that poverty is stubborn or increasing. The Census Bureau has estimated statistics similar to the administration's proposal. In 2008, the traditional poverty rate was %; estimates of the new statistic range up to l7%. The new poverty statistic exceeds the old, and the gap grows larger over time.As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. It's legitimate to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics should strive for political neutrality（中立）.This one fails.注意：此部份试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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