翻译实训
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翻译实训
•核对方向:四个采分点,细节错误。
• 1. 采分点:名词和动词的意思
• 2. 采分点:搭配是否符合汉语习惯;
• 3. 采分点:重要词组和结构;
• 4. 细节错误:人名、地名、日期、方位和数字;
• 5. 细节错误:错别字;
6. 细节错误:标点符号。
•八项注意
•一.注意从句
•二.注意并列
•三.注意分割
•四.注意否定
•五.注意省略
•六.注意倒装
•七.注意分词
•八.注意比较
•You look darker after the holidays.
•你度假回来看起来黑多了。
•你度假回来看起来更健康了。
•She has been a widow only for six months. 她才当了六个月的寡妇。•她丈夫去世才六个月。
•Work like a horse •
•像老黄牛一样干活,辛勤工作
•As strong as a horse
•壮如牛
•As stupid as a goose
•蠢得像头猪
•Wet like a drown rat
•湿如落汤鸡
•名词性从句
•主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句
•形容词性从句(定语从句)
•限定性非限定性
•副词性从句(状语从句)
•引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
•连词(5个):that (宾语从句或表语从句中"that"有时可以省略)•whether,if (均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)
•as if ,as though (均表示“好像”,“似乎”)
•以上在从句中均不充当任何成分
•
•连接代词(9个):what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever
•连接副词(7个):when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
•
•不可省略的连词:
• 1. 介词后的连词。
• 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
•That she was chosen made us very happy.
•We heard the news that our team had won.
• 3. 在从句中做成分的连词.
主语从句
•(1)翻译原则:关联词位于句首时:一般译在句首,作为主语。关联词可译为:所……
•What we now will describe is how the magnetic nature of iron oxide can uniquely be exploited as a separation process utilizing a magnetic filtration system.
•现在我们所要介绍的是如何奇特地利用氧化铁的磁性而提出一种使用磁力过滤系统的分离法。
•翻译原则:it引导时,可以先译主句,顺译为无人称句;
•It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards.
•可以看出,仅靠预先洗选将不能降低到这四种煤的总含硫量来完全接近标准规定的水平。也可先译从句,再译主句,译为“这……”。
•It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.
•物体在水中比在空气中轻,这是一种大家共有的经验。
•It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards.
•可见,仅靠预先清洗并不能把这四种煤的总含硫量降至接近标准的水平。•(3)what从句:引申。
•What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.
•他认为,他所论证的是,缺乏对事件的驾驭能力而不是经验本身是削弱免疫系统的原因。
宾语从句
•翻译原则:顺序不变。
• 1. 动词引导型:
•Then one found it difficult to believe that one would fall all the way down to the center of the earth without gravity.
•译文:那时人们感到难以相信要是没有引力人们就会一直掉到地球中心。
• 2. 介词引导型:
•The ultimate disposal of these treated waste waters is,however,a function of whatever local,state and federal regulations may apply in any situation.
•但是,这些处理过的废水的最终处置,要符合当地、州或者联邦在任何情况下都可以适用的法规条例(的规定)。• 3. 直接引语型:
•Our practice proves that “what is perceived cannot at once be comprehended and that only what is comprehended can be more deeply perceived. ”
•我们的实践证明:感觉到了东西,我们不能立刻理解它;只有理解了的东西才能更深刻地感觉它。
表语从句
•翻译原则:先译主句,后译从句。
•that(this)is why…,this(it)is because…,this is what…句型中,译为“这就是…”。
•That is why heat can melt ice,vaporize water and cause bodies to expand.
•这就是为什么热能使冰融化,使水蒸发,使物体膨胀的原因。