不定式的被动语态
被动语态详解
【被动语态详解】一、巧记各种时态的被动语态被动语态基本形式： be + done一般现在时: am, is, are + done一般过去时: was, were + done一般将来时: will + be doneam, is, are going to + be done过去将来时：would + be donewas, were going to + be done现在进行时: am, is, are + being done过去进行时: was, were + being done现在完成时: have, has + been done过去完成时: had + been done不定式：to be done介词：如without being done情态动词：can,may,must,should be done【点拨】1.被动语态是在主语和谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系时才使用的一种语态。
2.各种时态的被动语态都有一个明显的特点，既要体现出本时态，又要用上被动语态的基本形式be done。
现在进行时的被动语态构成是am, is, are + being done，可以这样理解：首先，它必须是现在进行时am, is, are + doing，同时它又必须是被动语态be done，所以be动词在现在进行时和被动语态之间起了一个衔接作用，即用being，这样being就把二者有机结合起来。
所以现在进行时的被动语态形式必须是也只能是am, is, are + being done。
同理可推出，现在完成时的被动语态形式应该是：既得是现在完成时have, has + done，又得是被动语态be done，所以be动词只有用过去分词been 才能把二者有机结合起来，即：have, has + been done。
其它时态的被动语态依此类推。
3.有些时态可以运用对比记忆法。
如现在进行时与过去进行时，一般将来时与过去将来时，现在完成时与过去完成时等只是在助动词上有所不同。
不定式在被动语态中的成分-充当成分-用法
不定式在被动语态中的成分-充当成分-用法当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的宾语或承当者时，这个不定式要用被动语态。
(一般时态通常表示将来的动作;完成时态表示发生在谓语之前的动作)。
不定式的被动形式在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、主补语、宾补语、定语、动名词等。
1.用作主语。
例如：It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加晚会，这是个荣幸的事。
2.用作表语。
例如：Nothing seems to have been forgotten.仿佛一切都记忆犹新。
The problem remains to be further discussed in detail.这个问题尚必须进一步具体讨论。
3.用作宾语。
例如：She asked to be sent to our college.她请求派到我们学院。
The students wanted to be given more experiments to do.同学们想多给些实验做。
More than half a century after his death，he continues to be read and quoted.他去世已经半个多世纪，他的著作持续为人们阅读和引用。
4.用作主语补语。
例如：Transistors are known to be widely used in radio industry.晶体管被公认广泛用到无线电工业中。
This book is said to have been translated into English.据说这本书已经译成〔英语〕。
5.用作宾语补语。
例如：He did not like his intention to be laughed at.他不喜爱自己的意图受到讥笑。
6.用作定语。
例如：This question will be discussed at the conference to be held next month.这个问题将在下月举行的会议上讨论。
不定式的被动形式用法
不定式的被动形式用法1. 概念理解英语被动语态的基本结构是“be+过去分词”，由此我们可以推出不定式被动式的构成即为“to be+过去分词”，如to be sold, to be studied, to be seen, to be given等等。
我们在学习英语语态时知道，只有及物动词才有被动语态，同样地，对于不定式来说，也只有及物动词的不定式才有被动式。
如果是不及物动词的不定式要用于被动式，要注意在其后加上合适的介词。
如：他不喜欢自己的想法受到嘲笑。
误：He did not like his idea to be laughed.正：He did not like his idea to be laughed at.2. 用法说明不定式到底用主动形式还是被动形式，往往取决于句子的意思，即意思上为主动就用主动形式，意思上为被动就用被动形式。
如：I wish to be excused. 我请求原谅。
“请求原谅”其实就是指“请求被原谅”，所以不定式要用被动式。
I had to shout to be heard. 我必须叫喊对方才能听得见。
“大声叫”的目的是什么？就是为了被别人听见，所以不定式要用被动式。
Rules were made to be broken. 定了规则就准备有人违反。
.根据常识可知，“规则”与“违反”之间是被动关系，所以不定式用被动式。
He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后一个应邀请发言的人。
“应邀发言”实际意思是“被邀请发言”，所以不定式用被动式。
3. 主动表被动一般说来，表示主动意义，不定式用主动式；表示被动意义，不定式用被动式。
但是，有个别时候，虽然意义上是被动的，但不定式却要用主动式。
如：The house is to let. 此屋出租。
在英语中，to let, to blame这两个不定式在用作表语时，习惯上是用主动形式表示被动意义。
不定式的被动语态
progress. 8. No books are allowed _____(take) out of the room. 9. In order to ___(elect), Jack sent each of us a present.
4. I considered it an honor ____to study here.
5. He doesn’t like ______(treat) as a child 6. The picnic is to _____(put off) till next Sunday because
10. Do you have anything ___(say) on the question? 11. The bank is reported in the local newspaper to
_____(rob) in broad daylight yesterday. 12. He shut himself in the room so as not _____(disturb). 13. I keep writing my Blog. It’s fun to read and
1. The boy is said___ (treat)badly in the children’s home. That is why he escaped from there.
2. Mr. Johnson preferred ____(give)heavier work to do.
3. They appear ____(injure)in the accident.
动词不定式的主动与被动形式
动词不定式的主动与被动形式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它由动词原形加上不定式符号“to”构成。
在英语中，动词不定式的形式可以分为主动和被动两种形式，分别用来表示动作的主动或者受动关系。
本文将重点探讨动词不定式的主动与被动形式及其用法。
一、动词不定式的主动形式动词不定式的主动形式表示动作由主语主动完成。
它的一般形式是“to + 动词原形”，例如：1. I want to learn to play the guitar.（我想学弹吉他。
）2. She needs to work hard to achieve her goals.（她需要努力工作以实现她的目标。
）3. They decided to go on a vacation together.（他们决定一起去度假。
）动词不定式的主动形式常常用来表示目的、意图、计划等。
二、动词不定式的被动形式动词不定式的被动形式表示动作的受动关系，即动作的承受者是主语。
在使用被动形式时，需要在“to”之后加上动词的被动形式，即“tobe + 过去分词”，例如：1. She hopes to be invited to the party.（她希望被邀请参加派对。
）2. They want to be recognized for their achievements.（他们希望因他们的成就而受到认可。
）3. He pretended to be surprised when he heard the news.（他假装听到消息后感到惊讶。
）被动形式通常用来表示动作的客观存在、被动接受等。
三、动词不定式主动与被动形式的用法1. 用于目的和意图动词不定式的主动形式常用于表示目的和意图，强调主语的主动性。
例如：- I bought a book to improve my English.（我买了一本书来提高我的英语水平。
）- He practices yoga every day to stay healthy.（他每天练习瑜伽保持健康。
不定式被动语态
动词不定式三注意动词不定式是动词的非谓语形式之一，常由“to + 动词原形”构成，可在句中作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，状语等。
今天，咱们主要谈谈关于它的三个要多加注意的方面。
1.作宾语的动词不定式何时省略to我们知道，像ask, want, invite, wish, expect, warn 等动词后常接带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
那什么时候把to省略呢？常见的有“一感二听三让四看半帮助”几种情况。
即feel sb do sth; listen/ hear sb do; make/ let/ have sb do sth; look at/ see/ watch/ notice sb do sth; help sb ( to ) do sth。
如：I often hear Molly sing songs in her room. 我经常听见莫利在她的房间里唱歌。
Don’t make him stand outside. 别让他在外边站着了。
【知识拓展】①若表示“看到/听到/感觉到某人正在做某事”，则用see/ hear/ feel sb doing sth.如：I can hear someone singing at the door. 我能听见有人正在问口唱歌。
②在被动语态中，这些不定式中被省略的to要还原。
如：He was made to do more work. 他被要求做更多的工作。
She was seen to play basketball. 他被看见在打篮球。
2.疑问词+不定式不定式可以和疑问词what, how, when, where 等连用，共同作句子的宾语或表语等，但此时不定式一定要放在疑问词的后面。
如：Can you show me how to turn off the computer?你能让我看看如何关电脑吗？ (how to do sth 作宾语)Where to spend the weekend hasn’t been decided yet.去哪里度过周末还没有被决定出来呢。
非谓语动词的主动与被动形式
非谓语动词的主动与被动形式非谓语动词是指不具备时态和人称语态的动词形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其中，不定式的主动形式为"to + 动词原形"，被动形式为"to be + 动词过去分词"，动名词的主动形式为"动词原形 + -ing"，被动形式为"being + 动词过去分词"，分词的主动形式为"动词过去分词"，被动形式为"动词过去分词 + being"。
非谓语动词的主动形式可以表示主动的意义，强调动作的执行者和动作本身，常用于主动语态的句子中。
而被动形式则强调动作的承受者和动作的结果，常用于被动语态的句子中。
一、不定式的主动与被动形式不定式是最常见的非谓语动词形式之一，它通常由"to + 动词原形"构成，表示目的、愿望、感觉、建议、能力等含义。
其主动形式为"to+ 动词原形"，被动形式为"to be + 动词过去分词"。
例如：- 主动形式：I want to learn English.（我想学英语。
）- 被动形式：I need to be taught by a professional teacher.（我需要由专业的教师来教。
）二、动名词的主动与被动形式动名词是以"-ing"结尾的动词形式，它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
其主动形式为"动词原形 + -ing"，被动形式为"being + 动词过去分词"。
例如：- 主动形式：Playing basketball is my favorite hobby.（打篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。
）- 被动形式：Being praised by the teacher made him happy.（被老师表扬使他很开心。
动词不定式的被动语态要点归纳
动词不定式的被动语态要点归纳1. 一般来说，如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，动词不定式用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，动词不定式用被动式。
如：He gave orders for the work to be done at once. 他下令那项工作要立刻完成。
〔“work〞为动词不定式的逻辑主语，“to do〞这个动作不是逻辑主语发出的，故动词不定式要用被动式〕He ordered us to do the work at once. 他命令我们立刻完成那项工作。
〔“us〞为动词不定式的逻辑主语，“to do〞这个动作是逻辑主语发出的，故动词不定式用主动式〕2. 在“主语+ be + 形容词或某些名词+ 动词不定式〞构造中，常可看作是省略了动词不定式的逻辑主语for sb 构造，故动词不定式用主动式。
如：The car is difficult (for us) to repair. 这辆汽车很难修理。
The book is great fun (for us) to read. 这本书读起来很有趣。
She is not easy (for us) to get along with. 她不大容易相处。
3. There be 构造后面的动词不定式用主动语态或被动语态均可；有时意义有所不同，应根据特定的语境来确定其形式。
如：There is a lot to do / to be done today. 今天有很多事要做。
There is nothing to do now. 现在没什么事可做。
There is nothing to be done now. 现在没有什么方法。
4. 动词不定式作定语时，如果句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，该动词不定式用主动式。
如：He has two letters to write tonight. 他今晚有两封信要写。
〔“He〞为动词不定式的逻辑主语〕You have given me much to read. 你让我看的东西已经很多了。
动词不定式与被动语态
语法复习动词不定式一. 定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
同时动词不定式又具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
二. 动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形三. 动词不定式作宾语后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。
The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2点）1. 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：remember to do记住要做某事remember doing记得曾经做过某事forget to do忘记要做某事forget doing忘记曾经做过某事stop to do停下来去做某事stop doing停止做某事go on to do继续做另一件事doing继续做原来在做的事go on d oingseeing you somewhere before. I remember s eeing我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
to turn off the light when you leave. Please remember t o turn离开时请记得关好灯。
2. 不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。
如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。
四. 动词不定式作宾语补足语等。
动词不定式被动语态被动语态
被动语态(Ⅰ)：动词不定式的被动式不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。
一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.下一步要做的事是把土运走。
No harm seems to have been done to them.对他们似乎并没有造成损害。
[考题印证]1①(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only (tell) that his wife had left him.②(湖南高考改编)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs(do) to achieve the final success.二、动词不定式被动式的用法1.作主语It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer.能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情。
2.作表语The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要在下个月才能完成。
3.作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。
4.作宾语补足语He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room.他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。
5.作定语He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。
6.作状语His mother left the small village, never to be seen again.他母亲离开了那个小村庄，再也没人见过她。
to do的被动语态结构
to do的被动语态结构一、to do（不定式）的被动语态结构1. 基本结构- 一般式：to be+过去分词。
例如：The work is to be done tomorrow.（这项工作明天要被做。
）- 完成式：to have been+过去分词。
例如：He seems to have been beaten by his father.（他似乎已经被他父亲打了。
）2. 用法示例- 作主语- 一般式：To be invited to the party is a great honor.（被邀请参加聚会是一种极大的荣幸。
）- 完成式：To have been praised by the teacher made him very proud.（已经被老师表扬使他非常自豪。
）- 作宾语- 一般式：She wants to be given more chances.（她想要被给予更多的机会。
）- 完成式：He pretended to have been told the news.（他假装已经被告知了这个消息。
）- 作表语- 一般式：My task is to be finished today.（我的任务是今天被完成。
） - 完成式：The book seems to have been translated into many languages.（这本书似乎已经被翻译成很多种语言了。
）- 作定语- 一般式：There are a lot of things to be done.（有很多事情要被做。
） - 完成式：The building reported to have been built last year is very beautiful.（据报道去年已经被建造的那座大楼非常漂亮。
）- 作状语- 一般式：He opened the door quietly in order not to be noticed.（为了不被注意到，他悄悄地打开了门。
动词不定式被动语态的例子
动词不定式被动语态的例子《关于动词不定式被动语态那些事儿》嘿呀，说起动词不定式被动语态的例子呀，那可真是有意思得很！它就像是英语语法世界里的一个调皮小精灵，时不时就出来蹦跶一下，让人又爱又恨。
咱先说说“To be loved”，这就是个典型的动词不定式被动语态例子。
你看哈，它的意思是“被爱”。
想象一下，就好像有人在那儿等着被宠爱、被疼惜。
这感觉多奇妙啊，自己啥也不用干，就等着“被爱”这个好事降临。
再比如“To be eaten”，“被吃”。
嘿，这让我想起了摆在餐桌上的美食，它们可不就是等着被我们这些吃货给吃掉嘛。
它们没办法主动干啥，只能乖乖地在那，等着被动地被送进我们的嘴巴里，然后在我们的肚子里开始一场奇妙的旅行。
要说这动词不定式被动语态啊，有时候真是让人哭笑不得。
你想啊，要是啥都用主动的，那多没意思。
就比如说，“The book needs to read”，这一读就觉得怪怪的，书怎么主动去读自己呢？但是一旦改成“To be read”，那就对味啦，书需要“被读”，这才符合常理嘛！这就像是一个角色转变，一下子从主动的“主角”变成了等待被摆弄的“小可怜”。
还有啊，有时候我们说话的时候，不小心就把这小精灵给弄错了。
比如说，本该用“To be done”的时候，说成了“To do”，那就闹笑话啦！就像要去坐火车，结果上错了车，那可就南辕北辙啦。
在我学习英语的过程中，这动词不定式被动语态的例子可没少让我头疼。
有时候看着那些句子，就感觉那些单词在我脑袋里乱成一团，怎么都理不清楚。
但是呢，每当我搞懂一个例子，又会特别有成就感，就好像攻克了一个小城堡一样。
总的来说呀，动词不定式被动语态的例子虽然有时候让人觉得有点难搞，但它们也是英语语法世界里不可或缺的一部分。
就像生活中的小挑战一样，虽然会让我们苦恼一下，但克服了之后，那感觉真是爽歪歪！所以啊，大家也别害怕这些小精灵，多和它们过过招，慢慢地就会发现它们其实也没那么可怕啦！让我们和动词不定式被动语态的例子一起愉快地玩耍吧！。
动词不定式的被动语态
4. Little Tom should love____ to
the theater this evening.
A. A to be taken C. being taken B. to take
D. taking
5. It is said that plastics can be used
to____ many things. Now people
are used to____ plastics products. A. A make; using B. making; using C. making; use D. make; use
6. With a lot of problems____, the
newly-elected president is having a
Exercise
1. Are you going to attend the concert to be held _________(hold) next week? 2. The little child’s wish is _____________(take) to Disneyland. to be taken 3. You mother seemed to have been told __________________(tell) the truth. 4. It is a great honor for him to have been elected _______________(elect) a model worker.
exhibits.Βιβλιοθήκη A. will request
B. request
C. are requesting
理解并运用动词不定式的完成被动形式
理解并运用动词不定式的完成被动形式动词不定式是一种常见的动词形式，在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语等。
而不定式的被动形式则是指在句中以被动的形式出现的动词不定式。
本文将探讨动词不定式的完成被动形式，引出其在句子中的使用方法及意义。
一、动词不定式的完成被动形式概述动词不定式的完成被动形式构成如下：to have been + 过去分词动词不定式的完成被动形式主要用于表示动作或状态发生在不定式动词之前。
它可以用于表达被动语态，强调动作的完成以及时间的先后关系等。
二、动词不定式的完成被动形式的句子结构1. 主动句变被动句主动句：She promised to finish the task.被动句：She promised to have been finished the task.2. 下列动词常用动词不定式的完成被动形式agree, decide, expect, hope, learn, need, plan, promise, want, etc.三、动词不定式的完成被动形式的使用方法1. 作为主语动词不定式的完成被动形式可以作为句子的主语，用来强调动作的完成以及时间的先后顺序。
例句：To have been invited to the wedding is a great honor.2. 作为宾语动词不定式的完成被动形式可以作为及物动词的宾语，表示动作的完成。
例句：I hope to have been promoted by the end of this year.3. 作为表语动词不定式的完成被动形式可以作为系动词的表语，用来补充和描述主语的状态。
例句：His dream is to have been recognized as a famous singer.4. 作为定语动词不定式的完成被动形式可以用作名词的定语，修饰名词。
例句：He is a man to have been trusted.5. 作为状语动词不定式的完成被动形式可以作为状语，表示原因、目的、结果等。
(完整版)非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形
非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形一、复习各种时态的被动语态★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done（以the book , publish 为例）一般现在/过去时：The book is/ was published.一般/过去将来时:The book will/would be published.The book is/was going to be published.现在/过去进行时：The book is/was being published.现在/过去完成时:The book has/had been published.情态动词：The book can/could/may/might…be published.1）一般式：（not/never ）to be done2）完成式：（not/ never）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如:They say that Mike is sick in bed.=It is said that Mike is sick in bed.=Mike is said to be sick in bed.据说麦克卧床不起.People believe that he was killed.=It is believed that he was killed.=He is believed to have been killed.大家相信他被杀了.四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done).语法功能：1．作主语：It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.2．作宾语：She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.3．构成复合宾语：He wanted the letter to be typed at once.She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.4．构成复合谓语：The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.5．作定语：Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office?6．作状语：She was too young to be assigned such work.五、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作），在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)）He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语）六、不定式的主动形式表示被动1．There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。
不定式在什么情况下用主动表被动
不定式在什么情况下用主动表被动首先，要先明确不定式被动式的意义：如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，不定式需用被动语态例：He dislikes to be praised in public. 他不喜欢当众被表扬。
（“他”作为动作"praise"的承受者，故用不定式）用主动表被动的情况：1、句中存在名词或代词可以作为不定式的逻辑主语，构成逻辑上的主谓关系例：Mr.Bird gave the dog a few bones to eat.这里是dog eat bone，也就是说是狗作为不定式中“吃”这个动作的主语，所以，可以用主动表被动如果不具有这种结构，则仍需要用被动例：The news reporter raised a few questions to be answered. 记者提了几个问题有待回答。
（这里问题是由别人回答，而句中未出现具体有谁回答，也就是“answer”这个动词没有出现具体主语，所以要用被动）2、在“形容词+不定式”的结构中，如果不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用主动表被动例：The plane is dangerous to fly. 这架飞机开起来很危险句中是“开” “飞机”，不定式中的动词"fly"与主语“plane”构成动词与宾语的关系3、在there be结构中，用不定式主动表被动例：There is always much house work to do in the house.这里用to do而非to be done，一定要记住~4、在特定句子中要用主动表被动例：1）The house is to let. 这房子待出租。
（用to let ,而非to be let）2）He is not to blame. 他不该被责备。
动词不定式被动语态讲解
Book7 unit2 动词不定式被动语态形一、复各样的被★被的基本构 : be+ done（以 the book , publish 例）一般在 / 去：The book is/ was published .一般 / 去未来 :The book will/would be published .The book is/was going to be published .在 / 去行：The book is/was being published .在 / 去达成 :The book has/had been published .情：The book can/could/may/might ⋯ be published .二、不定式的被式的基知：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done达成式to have doneto havebeen done进行式to be doing没有被动语态达成进行式to have been doing没有被动语态1）一般式：（ not/never）to be done2）达成式：（ not/ never ） to have been done （表示不定式作生在以前）三、▲平常在 believe, suppose, say, report 等组成的句子中能够行主到被以及被和不定式的 .如 : They say that Mike is sick in bed.=It is said that Mike is sick in bed.=Mike is said to be sick in bed.据麦克卧床不起 .People believe that he was killed.=It is believed that he was killed.=He is believed to have been killed.大家相信他被了 .四、当不定式的主是不定式所表示的作的蒙受者而非出者，不定式一般要采纳被形式 (to be done).法功能：1．作主：It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.2．作：She askedto be sent to work in Xinjiang.3．组成复合：He wanted the letter to be typed at once.She didn ’ t like herselftobe praised like that.4．组成复合谓语：The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room .5．作定语：Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers ’ office6．作状语：She was too youngto be assigned such work.五、不定式有时还能够有达成式的被动式 to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句以前的一个被动动作），在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或许组成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语 )）He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）The book is saidto have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语）六、不定式的主动形式表示被动1．There be 构造中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，差别不大。
动词不定式的被动语态
John is difficult to deal with. （分析：_d_e_a_l_w_i_t_h_(动)----_J_o_h_n____(宾)） 如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。
The armchair is comfortable to sit in 这题目很难算出来。
他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知 所有的票都卖完了。
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，主语是不定式的逻辑主语， 与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动→nothing宾 / he 主→eat 谓
The question is difficult to work out
4. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语，区别不大。
There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。
There is nothing to worry about.
I have a lot of homework to do. 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。
The elegant lady had something to declare.
★ 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。
★ 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter)
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不定式被动语态的用法及练习一、复习各种时态的被动语态★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done（以the book , publish 为例）一般现在/过去时：The book ____________________.一般/过去将来时: The book _________________________.The book __________________________.现在/过去进行时：The book __________________________.现在/过去完成时: The book ___________________________.情态动词：The book _______________________________.二、动词不定式的被动语态1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式：1）一般式（not/never ）to be done2）完成式（not/ never）to have been done（表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语）To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous.(it 作形式主语）被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。
2) 做表语The party is to be held next Saturday evening.明年, 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。
3) 做宾语She didn’t like to be treated as a child.He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father.这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。
4) 做宾语补足语Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座电影院。
5）做定语What a victory to be envied by those women!英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。
6）做状语All these gifts must be mailed immediately so asto be received in time for Christmas.他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知所有的票都卖完了。
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。
1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,He has nothing to eat.分析：eat 动→nothing宾/ he 主→eat 谓I will give you a book to read .分析：_____ 动→________宾/ _____主→_____谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。
★注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。
★比较：I have a lot of letters to type .(我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter)I have a lot of letters to be typed.(意思为：I get sb. to type the letter)1) I’ll go to New York. Have you anything ____________(take) to your wife there?2) Do you have any clothes ____________(wash), sir?” ask ed the maid3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes___________(wash)3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。
2) 在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中，主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。
常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerousEg. This question is easy to answer.（分析：answer (动)------this question （宾））★注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。
John is difficult to deal with.（分析：_________(动)----________(宾)）如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。
这题目很难算出来。
4. 在“too…to do; enough…to…”结构中。
如：这个问题太难了算不出来。
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)．这房子够大能住下。
5. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。
There is a lot of work to do / to be done.(多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。
6. 在“with+n+to do”结构中。
例如：没有事情要做，他就躺在被窝里。
因为有太多的练习要做，我不能帮你忙。
7. 一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。
常见的这类动词有let(出租), rent，hire, blame等。
房子出租。
我觉得我应该被责骂。
练习题：1.It will take several weeks for your computer to ____________ (repair).2. I knew him ___________________ (catch) by the police.3. A vote is required ______________(take) in our company at once.4.This makes it possible for them ________(make) metals into any required shapes.5. Dick sped on the motorway only____________ (fine).6. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed ______________(steal) it.7. I hope _______________(admit) to Zhongshan University.8.The book is said to ____________________ (translate) into several languages.9.I feel greatly honored _________________(welcome) into their society .e on! It is an easy sentence ______________ (translate).11.When I came in, he pretended to _____________.(read)12.All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____________(receive) in time forChristmas.13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter ______________(not drive) after drinking.14. Hearing the good news, he was too excited ____________ (speak).15. It happened ______________ (rain) when I got there.16. I am terribly sorry ___________(lose) your key.17. I am sorry __________(say )that he is going from bad to worse.18. He asked ______________(send) to the place where he was most needed.19. What he hoped was ______________(admit) into the university20. He got to the station only ________(find) all the tickets had been sold out.21. I am sorry ________________(keep) you waiting so long.22.On their return the father asked his son _________(explain) what he had learnt.23.My advisor encouraged me _________(take) a summer course to improve mywriting skills.24.I don’t know whether you happen ______________(hear), but I’m going to studyin the U.S.A this September.25.The flu is believed _____________(cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cellsinside the human nose and throat.26.He seems ____________________（punish) by his teacher yesterday.27.__________(save ) the badly sick lady, the doctor had an operation on her.28.He was too frightened _____ (say) anything.29.29.The school ordered all the classroom _________________( clean ).30.My grandmother seems to have a lot ____________ (worry) about.31.I am going to the post office.Do you have any letter ______________(post)?32.You are lucky enough ____________________ (not catch) in the rain.二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。