11级英美概况练习题

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英美概况课后习题答案

1. What is the full name of the U.K.?----United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?----They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?----The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after Black Death?----The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French.1. Who are the British People?----The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of the Welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them the English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lot of immigrants from many former Commonwealth countries from every part of the world. Britain is a country of mixed cultures, and the Britain people are also composed of people from different ethic and culture backgrounds.2. What is Standard English?----Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England. It is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. It has developed and has been promoted as a model for correct Britain English. It is also the norm carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.1. What are the two components of the British Parliament?----the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. What were some of Queen Victoria's major achievement?---- Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world's landmass.3. What were the two camps in Europe in World War 1?----The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, the Russia Empire, the Britain Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War 2?----Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?----The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial country increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed.2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?----Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked the beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, British had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world's landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World War 1, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain's colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall the Empire.1. What are the three functions of the House of Commons?----to draft laws, to scrutinize, criticize and restrain the activities of the government, and to influence future government policy.2. Why is the Conservative Party sometimes called the "Right"?----Because the Conservative Party is supported by landowners and businessmen, who are often from the middle and upper-middle class.3. What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats have in Britain?----The Liberal Democrats is perceived as "middle" between the Conservative and the Labor Party. It is comparatively flexible and pragmatic in its balance of the individual and the social. It emphasizes the need for a change in Britain's constitutional arrangements to make the government more democratic and accountable.4. Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election?----Because even if they were elected, they would be powerless in Parliament. Therefore, it is not possible for many people to vote for independent candidates.1. What do British electoral campaigns usually involve during the process of a general election?----The electoral campaigns usually involve advertising in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning and leaflets. The main parties are given short periods of time on national television to present their policies to the public. Apart from the parties' own publicity, newspapers and TV programs spend a lot of time discussing the campaign, interviewing politicians, and predicting the results.2. What is the Commonwealth of Nations?----The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, all of which acknowledge the British monarch as the head. The Commonwealth is not a political union of any sort, and its member states have full autonomy to manage their internal and external affairs. It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and equal interaction after gaining independence. The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocate democracy, human rights, and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members.1. What was the negative aspect of Thatcher's reform in the early 1980s?----Its negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment. In 1982, the unemployment rate reached the level of the Great Depression years, with three million people out of work.2. What are the characteristics of Britain's agriculture?----British's agriculture is characterized by a small portion of the population engaged in agricultural activities with a high degree of mechanization. Although it employs a mere 1% of the country's labor force, it meets around 60% of the national demands.3. What happened to Britain's beef industry in the mid-1990s?----British's beef industry was hit badly by BSE, resulting in a ban on beef exports in 1996.4. What are some of the popular tourist attraction in Britain?----The popular tourist attractions in English include: the Dorset and the East Devon Coast, the Lake District, Stonehenge, Windsor Castle, university towns of Oxford and Cambridge, Tower of London, St. Paul's Cathedral and so on.1. What were the major causes of Britain's relative economic decline in the postwar period?----British's economy experienced a relative decline in the postwar period for severalreasons. First, British suffered a great losses in the two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of the British Empire was over. India and other British colonies, which provided raw material and large market for British goods, gained their independence. Third, British was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s. Fourth, British had to make substantial financial contributions to NATO and UN Security Council. Finally, British failed to invest in industry after World War 2 whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with British buy investing in the most modern equipment and means of production.2. Why do developed nations like Britain encourage the development of the service industry?----The service industry has played an increasingly important role in economy in the development countries. On the other hand ,it requires a large group of people working in it so that abundant employment opportunities are provided. On the other hand, the service industry causes little pollution.1. What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?----The major functions of grammar schools were to train the most academically capable students and prepare them for university, whereas the major functions of vocational schools were to help less successful students to learn a trade.2. What kind of subjects do Britain comprehensive schools provide?----British comprehensive schools provide a general education, offering both academic subjects like literature and science, and practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.3. In what ways do Britain universities enjoy complete academic freedom?----British universities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their own staff, decide which students to admit, provide their own courses and award their own degrees.4. How do students in the Open University receive their education?----The students follow university courses through textbooks, TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, video, and a network of study centers.5. What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?----The media plays an essential role in British leisure culture since it helps to shape the public's opinion, determine people's moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule of a government.1. What are the general feature of Britain's independent schools?----British's independent schools require fees from students. Although the National Curriculum is optional in the independent system, most independent schools teach what the curriculum demands. Independent schools get their funding through tuition fees as well as government assistance. Since they are generally better-funded than most state schools, they can recruit the best teachers and provide superior facilities. However, high tuition fees have become an obstacle for many students to enroll.2. The "quality press" and the "tabloids" in Britain?----Among the 10 daily published national newspapers in British, about half of them are regarded as the "quality press" since they carry in-depth articles of particular political and social importance, and reviews and feature articles about "high culture", and they are generally read by well-educated people. The Times, The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph are good cases in point of the quality press. The "tabloids", with color photos and striking headlines, usually cover scandals and gossip about celebrities in politics, sports and entertainment. A typical example is The News of the World.Chapter 81. How is the American population distributed?The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The great plains have a comparatively small population .the south also has a population of almost 57.5million. the west is not densely populated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco . it has about 20% of the nation’s population.2. Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ?The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were willing to work for very low wages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942.1．Why is the United States regarded as a”melting pot” and a ”salad bowl” ?The United States is not merely a nation, but a nation of nations. The immigrants came in waves, including the Europeans, the Africans and the Asians. Therefore, America is described as a "melting pot" where various racial and ethnic groups are assimilate into American culture. Recently, America has been called a "salad bowl" in that people of difference races and ethnic groups mix harmoniously, but at the same time keep their distinct culture and customs.2．What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?The best possible way to help assimilation in a multicultural society is to be open and tolerant toward different cultures. People from different racial and ethnic backgrounds should respect each other. Society should create opportunities to help immigrants become assimilated. At the same time the immigrants should keep their own language, customs and religion, contributing to the diversity of a multicultural society.Chapter 91. Why did American change its policy and enter world war II?Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countries were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests . it began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power . the Japanese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war.2. What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency?a) brought the Vietnam war to a closeb)reestablishing U.S. relations with chinac) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union .3. What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business.1. What was the cause of the American Civil War?The Southern planters of America needed a large number of black African slaves to manage their plantations and they regarded the slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more,the Northerners demanded a law to protect tariffs and asked the government to finance the building of railways and roads. But the Southerners were against it and advocated free trade so as to purchase cheaper goods from foreign countries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South and finally the American Civil War.2. What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War II?During the two World Wars, America remained neutral in the early stage. However, Americans continued their profitable trade with the warring countries. Therefore, they not only retained their military forces, but also accumulated great wealth. When America entered the wars, it was almost at the end of the wars. By sharing the fruit of victory with other allies, America greatly strengthened its power and became a powerful country by the end of World War II.Chapter 101. What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution?One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified.2. What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S. citizen for no less than seven years.3. What are the major powers of the supreme court?a) to interpret lawsb) to hear appeals from any federal court cases;c) to hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws d) may declare a law unconstitutionale) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional4. What is the difference between the democrats and the republicans in terms of political opinions?The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy and emphasize full employment as a matter of national concern they favor civil rights laws , a strong social security system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the government control inflation. They stress the need for law and order, and oppose complete government social programs and free choice of abortion they also favor a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations.1. How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?Each party holds its national convention every four years to choose a candidate for presidency. To win a presidential election, a candidate has to spend millions of dollars, travel all over the country to make speeches and debate on television with the rival. The general election is technically divided into two stages. During the first stage, presidential electors for each state will be chosen. In the second stage the electors meet and vote a President. Since the second stage is only a kind of formality, everyone knows who will be the next President an soon as the first stage is over.I think the candidates spend too much money on the electoral campaigns. And, the election cannot solve the social and economic problems of the U.S. as some candidates do not keep their word after they become President.2. What was President Eisenhowers foreign policy and what were the consequences ?President Eisenhower made vigorous efforts to wage the Cold War. He placed new emphasis on developing nuclear strength to prevent the outbreak of war. He also frequently authorized the CIA to undertake secret interventions to overthrow unfriendly governments or protect reliable anti-communist leaders whose power was threatened. The CIA helped topple the governments of Iran and Guatemala, but it suffered an embarrassing failure in Indonesia. In addition, Eisenhower used U.S. power and prestige to help create a non-communist government in South Vietnam, which brought disastrous long-term consequences to the United States.Chapter 111. What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America? During the colonial period ,the secondary industries developed as the colonies grew .a variety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared. Colonists established shipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they also built small iron forges . by the 18th century , regional patterns of development in America had become clear.2. How did the civil war affect the American economy?After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable . northern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahead.3. Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?Because the united states has increasingly realized that open bilateral trade will not only advance its own economic interests, but also enhance domestic stability and its peaceful relationship with other nations.1. How did the U.S constitution lay the groundwork for American’s economic development ?The U.S. Constitution, as an economic charter, established that the entire nation was a unified or "common" market. There were no tariffs or taxes on interstate commerce. It provided that the federal government could regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, establish uniform bankruptcy laws, create money and regulate its value, fix standards of weights and measures, establish post office and roads, and fix rules governing patents and copyrights. The last-mentioned clause was an early recognition of the importance of "intellectual property", a matter that began assuming great importance in trade negotiations since the late 20thcentury.2. Cite examples to illustrate the role of government intervention in America's economic development.The government has always played an active and important role in America’s economic development. In the early 1930s,thr United States suffered the worst economic depression in American history. President Roosevelt introduced the New Deal to tackle the financial crisis. Besides, he set up the New York State Emergency Relief Commission to help those in desperate need and tried to relieve the serious problems of the jobless. At the end of 1970s, the American economy again suffered a recession. The Reagan administration combated inflation by controlling government spending deficit, cutting taxes and raising interest rates. Both policies men tioned above helped to set the country’s economic development on its right course, In all, the intervention of the government has ensured that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people. It has prevented flagrant abuses of the system, dampened the effects of inflation and stimulated economic growth. Chapter 121. How does an American university choose its applicants?a)their high school records;b) recommendations from their high school teachers;c) the impression they make during interviews at the university;d) their scores on the SAT.2. What functions do American higher education institutions perform?Higher education institutions in the united states have three functions: teaching , research and public service , and each has its own emphasis with regard to its function .3. What similarities do four famous university share?They all have a long history , they all have an excellent faculty , a large number of students and have made extensive academic achievements. Some of their graduates are very successful or influential in some areas such as politics, arts and business.4. What are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to the new world , in 1620,the mayflower arrived and brought about 150 pilgrims. Life at the beginning was very hard and there was not enough food , so many of them died. During the following summer the native America helped them and then they had a bountiful harvest. So they held a big celebration to thank god and the native Americans.1. What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?The first ideal is that as many people as possible should receive as much education as possible .The second ideal is that of ptoducing a society that is totally literate and of local control . The third ideal is that scholars and students should work to discover new information or conceive new ways to understand what is already known .2. How does America carry out multicultural education?American schools routinely teach the experiences and values of many ethnic cultures. Current textbooks incorporate a variety of ethnic individuals who have achieved success. Struggle for equality are vividly depicted, and past racism is bluntly acknowledged. Cultural pluralism is now generally recognized as the organizing principle of education.Schools at all levels offer students opportunities to learn about different cultures.。

英美概况(11)英国教育

❖“sixth form” (2 years)
▪ A-levels ( General Certificate of Education—
Advanced普通高等教育证书 ) —for universities admittances
▪ GNVQs ( General National Vocational
Reading skill: find the nature from the facts 通过现象看本质
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Further Education
Better teachers
Better facilities
Better chance to enter famous universities State school is mainstream school in Britain, while independent school has more qualified education in it.
A Guide to English-Speaking
Countries
Educational System
❖Elementary and Secondary Education
▪Two parallel school systems(双轨制):
State（国有） system:11-year compulsory education as state education with 94% school
Education, Media and Holiday

英美概况习题及答案[1]

英美概况习题及答案[1]英国概况1.The Capital of Wales is _____.A SwanseaB CardiffC RhondaD Belfast2.There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____.A the Liberal PartyB the Democratic PartyC the Labour PartyD the Republican Party5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II11. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103516. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165322. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ inEngland.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 1761C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells1.B2.C 5A 11. B 16 A. 17 A 21. A 22. A 25 C 26.C 30B 31.B 41. A 53.A10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.1.II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris T ory, Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolationSettlement Commonwealth Poland 18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinetPolitical System1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15th3. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. Parliament4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _____.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the CharmerD. the Shadow Cabinet5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is_____.A. the CrownB. the CabinetC. Shadow Cabinet7. The House of Commons consists of _____ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.A. 651, 651B. 535, 535C. 635, 63510. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council11. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British government.A. CabinetB. Privy CouncilC. Crown15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is _____.A. Lord ChancellorB. SpeakerC. Prime minister16. _____ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives,the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent LabourParty and the Fabian Society in 1900.A. The Conservative PartyB. The Labour PartyC. The Liberal Party.17. It is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.A. Prime MinisterB. Lord PresidentC. Speaker28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _____. A. Roundheads B. Loyalists C. the Whigs1-5CABBB 6-10CAABA 11.A 15.A 16.B 17.A 28.BI. Fill in the Blanks23. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.24. During the Civil War, the non-Puritan Anglicans whosupported the king and church were known as Cavaliers or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament were known as Roundheads or _____ _____.25. In 1833 the T ory changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the _____ became liberals.1. Queen Elizabeth II 1952 Prime Minister Crown Crown, Lords, Commons Parliament Queen 13th Commons finance Upper Westminster Palace 1911, 1949 constituencies President of the Chamber Government, Opposition Privy Council No. 10 Downing Street executive, clerical parishes chairman borough, city Conservative, Liberal loyalists, Parliament Men Conservative, Whig grants 5 18 Returning Officer 651 Lords Criminal jury 15, 12 Court, Bar Home Secretary Scotland YardGeography12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain isthe following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect36. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDNorthwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the QueenNorth West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal15. The English Civil War is also called _____A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A1．Choose the best answer for each of the questionbelow．4．Christianity was brought to Britain__________．A．directly by the Roman priests B．directly by traders and soldiers C．directly by the Pope D．indirectly by trader and soldiers 12．The Doomsday Book was completed in__________．A．1083 B．1084 C．1085 D．108616．King John was forced to put his seal to Magna Carter__________．A．on July 9,1215 B．June 19.1215 C．June 14,1381 D．July 15,131817．The spirit of Magna Carter was__________.A．A limitation of the powers of the king B．the foundation of English libertiesC．a limitation of the powers of the barons D．an expansion of the powers of tie king22．William，Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings inA．1065 B．1066 C．1067 D．106860. Parliament has the following functions except______.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring war and making peaceD. examining the actions of the Government65. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the______centuries.A.l2th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th1A 4 D 9.B 12 D 15 C 16. B 17.A 22. B 36. C 41. A 60. C 65 . A42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of T echnology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC.the Midwest D. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention42. C 43. D 44. A 51. B 52. B 55. B 58. C 60. DII. Fill in the blanks:11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported________, while the Roundheads supported _______. 13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13.Commonwealth, Lord Protector 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th美国概况1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____.A George WashingtonB Thomas JeffersonC William PennD Benjamin Franklin2 The New Deal was started by _____.A Franklin RooseveltB J.K. KennedyC GeorgeWashington D Thomas Jefferson3 The United States was rated _____ in the world in terms of land areas.A secondB thirdC fourthD fifth5 The Bill of Rights consists of _____.A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendmentB 10 amendments adopted in 1787C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_____.A according to their populationB according to their sizeC according to their tax paid to federal governmentD equally1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。

《英美概况》试题（附标准答案）

《英美概况》试题（附标准答案）《英美概况》试题(附答案)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ w ar starte d in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB.C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position ofindustrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB.C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan P olice Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free education。

《英美概况》复习题与参考答案

2011英美文化与国家概况期末考试填空与简答复习题1、正误判断题：( 40题)判断下列题目的正误：1.Ireland was an independent kingdom (F)2.State-run school in Britain is also called public ( F)3.Britain is an island country, with its coastline( T )4.Most British families are extended (F )5.Great B ritain’s coastline is highly regula ( F )6.Hispanics refers to the Spanish-speakin ( T )7.T o the north of Great Britain the seaway( T )8.Most Jews went to America during the (F)9.Most English weather experts find it (F)10.B oth Welsh and Scottish people are desc( T )11.N oble class has already disappeared in(F)12.N owadays, a majority of British ( F)13.N owadays, marriage is still ( T)14.T he development of Middle (T)15.L ike U.S.A, the United Kingdom ( T)16.L ondon, the capital of the UK ( F )17.A sian and black minorities ( F )18.T he Constitution of the ( T )19.E nglish people originate ( T)20.T he Supreme Court is (T)21.T he expansion of the British (T)22. Henry VI was responsible (F)23. In terms of structure, the(T)24. Britain was the first nation (T)25. Parliament is the supreme (F)26. Britain produced many great (F)27. The nationalized industries in (T)28. One of the basic principles of (T)29. Britain has more than 90 univers(F)30. Easter Day always arrives in (F)31. T o expand higher education (F)32. British universities generally (T)33. British universities, different (F)34. Most students, poor or rich, (F)35. In British legal system, (T)36. More than 81 Oxford math(F)37. Prime ministers from 1945( F)38. Nowadays, Thanksgiving Day (F)39. Easter Day is the second most (T)40. The life of congress is two years (F)1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called Great Britain.For the sake of convenience, Great Britain is often shortened to Britain.2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthern Ireland.3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two partsaccording to its geographic features: the Highland Zone in the north and west and the Lowland zone in the south and southeast.4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is theVice-president of the United States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry usedto rely on wool as the principal fiber.6.In Britain, the city Birmingham is well known for itsproduction of automobiles, electricity equipment, electronics, munitions, and arms.7.British government is produced through contest betweentwo major political parties every five years8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways:Universities, polytechnics and Open Universities.9.Mainland America is situated in the southern part ofNorth America with two land Neighbors, Canada to the north and Mexico to the south.10.T he longest river in Britain is the Severn River ，whichruns 355 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait. 11.W hite House is the place where American President livesand works.12.B ritish’s population is overwhelmingly urban, with about90% living in urban areas and 10% living in rural areas.13.B ritain invented the locomotive and was the first countryto build a railway in the world in 1825.14.O ne of the most important US government principle is“Checks and Balances”.15.T he majority of the British people believe in Christianity,which is the religion of the followers of Jesus Christ. 16.T he most important and longest river running throughthe middle plain of America is Mississippi River.17.T he U.K. has two established churches: the Church ofEngland and the Church of Scotland.18.I mportant heavy industries in Britain includeshipbuilding and motor vehicle.19.Modern English is the official language of the UnitedKingdom as well as the first language of the vast majority 20. In Britain, the place where parliament has sessions in London is the Palace of Westminster.21. The US Congress has two chambers, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate comprises 100 Senators, two from each of the 50 states22. In early times, British nobility can be divided into upper nobility and lower nobility according to the amount of the land they possessed.23. In Britain, the nucleus of the government is known as the Cabinet , which is headed by the prime minister.24. In the United Kingdom, politics is under the control of political parties, and this is known as party politics.25. The US Constitution protects freedom of speech and freedom of the press so that common people can make their opinions known.26. The highest court in Britain is the Supreme Court.27. If the jury cannot reach a unanimous agreement, itbecomes known as a hung jury.28. The English legal profession is divided into two branches: solicitors and barristers .29. Britain was the first country to introduce a neweconomic system known as free enterprise.30. T o meet the increasing need and protect environment, Britain has begun to develop some new energies, such as bio-fuels, deriving from waste and crops.31. Traditionally, the British culture has been characterized by its requirement of decency and civility in doing things.32. T o the south of San Francisco locates a famous valley, named Silicon Valley, which has now become the center of America’s electronic industry.33. The Mississippi River Valley, also known as the _Central Plain_, consists of the large area between the Appalachian on the east and the Rocky Mountains on the west.34. Britain has traditionally been a manufacturing nation and was once known as the “ workshop of the world.”35. One of the most famous natural park in America, Yellow Stone National Park, is situated in the state Wyoming.36. Las Vegas, the most striking gambling city in America, completely relies on the water from the Colorado River. 37. Everything related with family life, including family meals, is regarded as privacy in Britain.38. The working class people usually have a “ high tea” with hot dishes at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon;39. The middle-class people normally have an early “light tea” at about 4 or 5 o’clock in the afternoon.40. Private schools in Britain are officially called independent schools because they are independent of the government.3.简答问题：（15题）简要回答下列问题：1.Why is America compared to a melting-pot?2.What are the characters of typical British people?3.Why do British people like to talk about weather somuch?4.What changes have taken place in British families? Whatare the possible causes for those changes?5.Who are the famous Queens in British history? Pleasewrite down their names.6.What are the advantages and disadvantages of JuryTrial?7.What are the popular festivals in America? Please list twoor three names of them.8.What is the function of monarch in Britain?9.Why is British government system called “ConstitutionalMonarchy”?10.P lease list some famous rivers in America.11.W hat measures can government take to adjust thedevelopment of economy?12.W hy do some Historians call black Americans “unwillingimmigrants”?13.W hat are the factors that can help you decide socialstatus of a man in British society?14.W hat are the spirits American People worship?15.H ow does American government system demonstrate theprinciple of “Checks and Balances”?2011英美文化与国家概况期末考试填空与简答复习题2、知识填空题：( 40题)1.Great Britain; Britain2.England; Wales; Northern Ireland3.Highland Zone; Lowland Zone4.Vice-president5.wool6.Birmingham7.five8.Universities; Open Universities9.Canada; Mexico10.S evern11.W hite House12.u rban; rural13.r ailway14.B alances15.C hristianity; Jesus Christ16.M ississippi River17.e stablished; England; Scotland18.s hipbuilding; motor vehicle production19.M odern English20.t he Palace of Westminster21.S enate; House of Representatives; 100; two22.u pper; lower23.C abinet24.p arties25.s peech; the press26.t he Supreme Court27.h ung28.s olicitors; barristers29.f ree30.b io-fuels31.d ecency32.S ilicon Valley33.C entral Plain; Appalachian; Rocky34.w orkshop35.W yoming36.L as Vegas37.p rivacy38.h igh39.l ight40.i ndependent4.简答问题：（15题）1.As immigrants from different regions and cultures cameto live in the United States, their old ways of life melt away, and they became part of the American culture.2.Traditionally, the British culture has been characterizedby its requirement of decency and civility in doing things.3.Because the weather in Britain is very changeable;moreover, as British people tend to avoid private topics, weather is considered to be a safe topic.4.T oday, British women are no longer confined to trditionalhouse chores. Women employees can be found in almost every part of social life. They make up about 48% of the British labor force. Paid jobs meant independence for women,which finally led to changes in women’s social status.5.Mary ; Elizabeth I ; Victoria ; Elizabeth II6.The jury trial in Britain embodies some basic principle ofthe value cherished by the British people, such as the protection of individual rights. However, if the jurycannot reach a unanimous agreement, it becomes known as a hung jury. Then a new jury has to be formed, and a new trail is called.7.Christmas Day ; New Year’s Day ; Thanksgiving Day ;Independence Day ; Lincoln’s Birthday ; Halloween8.Over centuries in history, the English monarch personallycontrolled supreme executive, legislative, and judicial power. After the founding of the law court in the 12th century and Parliament in the 13th century, the direct exercise of these functions by the monarch gradually decreased.9.On the one hand, Monarch is the symbol of supremepower in Britain; on the other hand, the power of Monarch is limited by laws, and it has mainly advisory and ceremonial responsibilities, the real power is clenched by Prime Minister and parliament.10.t he Mississippi River , the Missouri River , the OhioRiver , the T ennessee River , the Colorado River , The Rio Grande River , the Potomac River , the Hudson River 11.1) Fiscal policy: increase/decrease tax rate;increase/decrease government budget.2) Monetary policy: increase/decrease interest rate; issuenational bond.12. Because they were victims of the traffic in slaves.13. wealth, clothes, accent, education, family background, gestures, social circle, profession…14. The spirits American People worship are supposed to include equality, freedom, hard work, self-reliance.15. 1) Executive branch can check legislative branch through:A. Bring up with BillsB. Deny BillsC. Implement policies2) Legislative branch can check executive branch through:A. Initiate revenue billB. Reject nominationC. InvestigationD. Impeachment3) Legislative branch can check judicial branch through:A. Appoint judgesB. Determine budgetC. Overthrow verdictD. Impeachment4) Judicial branch can check legislative branch throug h:A. Judicial review of ActsB. passed by congress5) Executive branch can check judicial branch through“appointing Judges on the advice of congress”.6) Judicial branch can check executive branch through “judicial review of Executive actio n”.（写出任意三点可得满分）。

英美概况面试题及答案高中

英美概况面试题及答案高中问题一：英国的首都是什么？英国的官方语言是什么？答案：英国的首都是伦敦。

英国的官方语言是英语。

问题二：请简述美国的独立日是哪一天，并解释其意义。

答案：美国的独立日是7月4日，这一天是为了纪念1776年《独立宣言》的签署，标志着美国从大不列颠的统治下独立出来。

问题三：英国和美国在政治体制上有何不同？答案：英国是一个君主立宪制国家，拥有女王作为国家元首，而实际政治权力由首相和议会掌握。

美国则是一个联邦制国家，实行总统制，总统既是国家元首也是政府首脑。

问题四：请列举至少三个英国和美国在文化上的不同点。

答案：英国和美国在文化上的不同点包括：1) 饮食习惯，例如英国人喜欢下午茶，而美国人更倾向于快餐文化；2) 教育体系，英国的教育体系较为传统，注重学术研究，而美国的教育体系更注重实践和创新；3) 社会礼仪，英国人通常比较保守和讲究礼仪，而美国人则更加随意和直接。

问题五：英国的“脱欧”对英国和欧盟有什么影响？答案：“脱欧”指的是英国退出欧盟。

这一事件对英国意味着需要重新建立与欧盟的贸易关系，同时也可能影响英国的国际地位和经济。

对欧盟而言，英国的退出可能会削弱其整体经济实力和政治影响力。

问题六：美国历史上有哪些重要的移民潮？这些移民潮对美国的发展有何影响？答案：美国历史上重要的移民潮包括19世纪的爱尔兰和德国移民潮，以及20世纪的拉丁美洲和亚洲移民潮。

这些移民潮极大地丰富了美国的多元文化，促进了社会和经济的发展，同时也带来了一些社会问题，如文化融合和就业竞争。

问题七：请简述英国的工业革命对世界历史的影响。

答案：英国的工业革命是18世纪末到19世纪初的一场重大社会经济变革，它标志着从手工劳动向机械化生产的转变。

工业革命极大地提高了生产效率，促进了城市化，改变了人们的生活方式，并对全球经济和社会发展产生了深远影响。

问题八：美国的文化多元性是如何形成的？答案：美国的文化多元性主要是由其历史上的大规模移民潮形成的。

英美概况复习资料

英美概况复习资料1. The continental United States lies in the central North Americanwith ____ to its east and ____ to its west.A. the pacific ocean, the Atlantic oceanB. the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of MexicoD. the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean2. Among the Great Lakes, _____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan3. The Appalachians run from ____ to ____.A. the north, the southB. the east, the westC. the northwest, the southeastD. the northeast, the southwest4. The biggest city in the U.S. is ____.A. Los AngelesB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco5. The ____ River meets the Atlantic Ocean at New York City.A. PotomacB. HudsonC. ColumbiaD. Colorado6. Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in ____.A. 1948B. 1950C. 1956D. 19597. ____ is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Eire8. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United Sates is ___.A. the HispanicsB. the Asian-AmericansC. the IndiansD. the blacks9. The Grand Canyon is located in the state of ____.A. ColoradoB. CaliforniaC. ArizonaD. New Mexcio10. ____ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United Sates.A. the BlacksB. The HispanicsC. the Asian-AmericansD. the Indians11. The ____ River has been called the American Ruhr.A. MississippiB. OhioC. MissouriD. Colorado12. The Mississippi River flows to ____.A. the Atlantic OceanB. the Gulf of CaliforniaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific Ocean13. The U.S. produces nearly ___ of the corn in the world.A. 25%B. 35%C. 40%D. 50%14. ____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. the South15．The Snow belt areas in the united States refer to North.16. The chief industry in the Rocky Mountains is ____A. the tourist tradeB. miningC. textile industryD. iron and steel17. The United States is the ____ most populous country in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth18. New York is located in ___.A. the MidwestB. the Middle Atlantic regionC. New EnglandD. the great Plains19. The United States is the ____ largest country in the world.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth20. ___ is the home of the space center in the U.S.A. HoustonB. DallasC. New OrleansD. Miami21. The Midwest states lies in the ___ part of the U.S.A. westernB. southernC. northernD. northwestern22. The smallest state in the U.S. is ____.A. WashingtonB. Rhode islandC. HawaiiD. Maryland23. In the U.S., the largest city along the Pacific Coast is _____. ?A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. Portland24. The first industrial area in the United Sates is _____.A. New EnglandB. the Middle AtlanticC. the MidwestD. the South25. _____ is the largest city of the Great Plains of the U.S.A. ColoradoB. Los AngelesC. Salt Lake CityD. Denver26. The largest state on the mainland of the United States is _____. ? A. California B. TexasC. AlaskaD. Arizona27. The largest and busiest port on the great Lakes is ___.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. DetroitD. St. Louis28. The sunbelt areas in the united States refer to _____.A. the East and the NorthB. the North and the WestC. the west and the SouthD. the east and the South29. The newest state in the United States is _____.A. New MexicoB. AlaskaC. CaliforniaD. Hawaii30. The state of ____ is the leading state in oil and natural gas deposits in the U.S.A. CaliforniaB. New MexicoC. FloridaD. Texas31. The Rustbelt areas refers to Northeastern USA32. Please list five metropolitans which located on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Boston-Washington corridor ) Boston, Massachusetts, new York city, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C.33. __Florida______is the southern-most city( exclusive of Hawaii).34. The highest summits in the US. is Mt. Mckinley35. The national flag of the United States is known as ____.A. the star-spangled BannarB. Uncle SamC. Got DogD. Union Jack36. The Niagara Falls is located on thee US and the Canadian boundary between Lake _________ and Lake ________.A. Superior, HuronB. Michigan, HuronC. Huron, EireD. Eire, Ontario37．Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II 上一页下一页。

英美概况考试题汇总

英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。

国土面积：24.36万平方公里。

人口：6020万。

首相：戈登·布朗。

分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。

首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。

大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。

2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。

最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。

3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。

终年温和多雨。

天气易变，难以预测。

4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。

1801年又与爱尔兰合并。

1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。

5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。

6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。

为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。

这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。

将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。

从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。

1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。

这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。

11级英美概况练习题

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUnit 1 Geography, People and LanguageI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland andWales.2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.4.In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the UK.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.6.Because of political troubles, Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the fourconstituent parts of the UK.7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland oftenfalls below -10.c in January.8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.9.The Celtic people are the earliest known in habitants of Britain.10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late `16th century.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the Britain Isles are ____.a.Great Britain and Irelandb.Great Britain and Scotlandc.Great Britain and Walesd.Great Britain and England2.____ is the capital city of Scotland.a.Belfastb.Edinburghc.Aberdeend.Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over ____ million.a.160b.600c.60d.164.Among the four parts of the UK, ___ is the smallest.a.Englandb.Scotlandc.Walesd.Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in ___ England.a.northeasternb.southeasternc.northwesternd.southwestern6.English belongs to the ____ group of Indo-European family of languages.a.Celticb.Indo-Iranianc.Germanicd.Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of ___ words to English.a.Danish and Finnishb.Dutch and Germanc.French and Italiantin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the ____ influence.a.Normanb.Dutchc.Germand.Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of ___.a.grammarb.handwritingc.spellingd.pronunciation10.At present, nearly___ of the world’s population communication in English.a.halfb. a quarterc.one thirdd.one fifthIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What is the full name of the UK?2.Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?3.How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what arethey?4.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.Who are British People?2.What is Standard English?Unit 2 HistoryI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe---the Britons.4.The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century.5.The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and thetownspeople.9.The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for tradeand territory.10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth Iactually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The ___ attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.a.Normanb.Danishc.Celticd.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, ___ became the dominant religion in England.a.Celtic Christianityb.Anglo-Saxon Christianityc.Germanic Christianityd.Roman Christianity3.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of ____.a.St. Augustineb.Edward the Confessorc.William the Conquerord.Alfred the Great4.The ___ marked the establishment of feudalism in England.a.Viking invasionb.Signing of the Magna Cartac.Norman Conquestd.Adoption of common law5.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___.a.the House of Valoisb.the House of Yorkc.the House of Tudord.the House of Lancaster6.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to ___.a.divorce his wifeb.break with Romec.support the Protestantsd.declare his supreme power over the church7.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between ___.a.Protestants and Puritansb.Royalists and Parliamentariansc.Nobles and peasantsd.Aristocrats and Christians8.___ was passed after the Glorious Revolution.a.Bill of Rightsb.Act of Supremacyc.Provisions of Oxfordd.Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the ____century.a.17thb.18thc.19thd.20th10.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the___ century.a.17thb.18thc.19thd.20thIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the two components of the British parliament?2.What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?3.What were the two camps in Europe in World War I?4.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War II?IV.State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words.1.What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2.The Rise and Fall of the British Empire.Unit 3 Government and the CommonwealthI. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.4. British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5. Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.6. The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.7. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.8. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.9. British law consists of two parts, the civil law and the criminal law.10. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.II. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the ___.a.judiciaryb.legislaturec.monarchyd.executive2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___.a.passing the billsb.advising the governmentc.political partiesd.public attitude3.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to ___ the House of Commons.a.rivalplementc.criticized.inspect4.British Cabinet works on the principle of ___.a.collective responsibilityb.individual responsibilityc.defending the collectivismd.defending the individuals5.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to ___.a.make decisionsb.give advicec.pass billsd.supervise the Cabinet6.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every ____ years.a.threeb.fourc.fived.six7.____ has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.a.Walesb.Englandc.Scotlandd.Northern Ireland8.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a ___ system.a.single-partyb.two-partyc.three-partyd.multi-party9.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and ___.ernment interventionb.nationalization of enterprisesc.social reformd. a belief in individualism10.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ____.a.set up the National Health Serviceb.improved public transportationc.abolished the old tax systemd.enhanced the economic developmentIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.Why the Conservative Party is sometimes called the “Right”?3.What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats have in Britain?4.Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election?V.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involve during the process of a generalelection?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Unit 4 Education, Media and HolidaysI. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.3. The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.6. In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.7. Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.8. The Times is the world’s oldest national newspaper.9. The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.10. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.II. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended bythe introduction of comprehensive schools, in the ____.a.1930s.b.1940sc.1950sd.1960s2.About ___ of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.a.5%b.6%c.7%d.8%3.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive theirremaining funds from all the following sources except ___.a.tuition feesb.loansc.donationsd.corporate contributions4.Of the following, ___ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.a.result in national entrance testb.A-level resultc.An interviewd.School references5.To be admitted to the Open Universities, one need ____.a.some educational qualificationsb.no educational qualificationsc.General Certificate of Education-Advancedd.General National V ocational Qualifications6.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of ___.a.The Timesb.The Guardianc.The Observerd.The Daily Telegraph7.Life on Earth is a kind of ___ program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.a.featureb.dramac.documentaryd.soap opera8.____ is Britain’s top pay television provider.a.BSBb.SkyTVc.BBCd.BSkyB9.Of the following, ___ is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.a.families getting togetherb.friends exchanging good wishesc.friends enjoying each other’s companyd.families traveling overseas10.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___.a.Trooping the Colorb.Queen’s Christmas messagec.Boxing Dayd.Christmas pantomimeIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.How do students in the Open Universities receive their education?5.What role does the media play in British leisure culture?V.State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.The “quality pass” and the “tabloids” in Britain.The United States of AmericaUnit 5 Geography and PeopleI.I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country’s continentalterritory.2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropicaland tropical zones.3.Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south, runs a well-known50-centimeter rainfall line.4.New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States, and it is composed offive boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens.5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood andDisneyland are located here.6.Half of the U. S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.7.The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in theNorth.8.During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came toAmerica.9.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.10.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higherstandard of living.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The United States has ___ states on the continent.a.50b.49c.48d.352.The state of ____ is the largest in area of all the states.a.Alaskab.Hawaiic.Texasd.Florida3.The U. S. lies in ___ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its ____ and the Pacific to its ____.a.northern, east, westb.central, east, westc.southern, west, eastd.western, east, west4.The largest river in the U. S. is ____.a.the Missouri Riverb.the Mississippi Riverc.the Ohio Riverd.the Colorado River5.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located ___.a.in the Southb.along the Pacific Coastc.in New Englandd.in the Midwest6.____ is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.a.Yellowstone National Parkb.The Grand Canyonc.Niagara Fallsd.The Great Salt Lake7.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the ___.a.Indiansb.Eskimosc.Aleutsd.Blacks8.The largest minority in the United States is the ____.a.Pacific Islandersb.Blacksc.Native Americansns9.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from ___.a.Europec.Africad.South America10.The characteristic of dominant American culture is ___.a.English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classb.English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class.c.English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-class.d.English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class.III.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How is the American population distributed?2.How is the life of the Native Americans today?3.Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.Why is the US regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad”?2.What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Unit 6 HistoryI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse.1.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent afterColumbus.2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army andNavy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single,indivisible nation.4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.5.During Clinton’s term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate ofunemployment.6.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Stormin order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.7.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden wereresponsible for the terrorist event on September 11, 2001.8.The American government regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of evil”.9.On March 19, 2003, American and UN’s troops, supported by several other countries, beganan invasion of Iraq.10.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when towithdraw its army.II.Choose the one that best complete each of the following statements.1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at ___ in ____.a.Jamestown, Louisianab.Boston, Massachusettsc.Jamestown, Virginiad.Plymouth, Georgia2.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of ____ who came to America to avoid persecution in England.a.Protestantsb.Puritansc.Catholicsd.Christians3.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the ____.a.French and American Indiansb.French and Spaniardsc.French and Britishd.British and American Indians4.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of ___.a.the settlers of Virginiab.the people of Pennsylvaniac.the colonists in New Englandd.the people of the 13 colonies5.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in ___.a.Concordb.Lexingtonc.Philadelphiad.Boston6.In May 1775, ____ was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a nationalgovernment.a.the First Continental Congressb.the Second Continental Congressc.the Boston Tea Partyd.the Congress of Confederation7.Abraham Lincoln issued ___ to grant freedom to all slaves.a.Declaration of Independenceb.Constitutionc.Emancipation Proclamationd.Bill of Right8.The policy of the US was ____ at the beginning of the two world wars.a.neutralityb.full involvementc.partial involvementd.appeasement9.President ____ applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.a.Wilsonb.Trumanc.Rooseveltd.Kennedy10.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents ___.a.Johnson, Nixon and Fordb.Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedyc.Kennedy, Johnson and Nixond.Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did America change its policy and enter World War II?2.What were Nixon’s well-known contribution during his presidency?3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What was the cause of the American Civil War?2.What made the US a powerful country by the end of World War II?Unit 7 GovernmentI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. F2.The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, theseparation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law. T3.The US Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of twohouses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. F4.Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress. T5.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the SupremeCourt, the courts of appeals and the district courts. T6.Like Britain, the US has a two-party system. T7.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology. F8.American presidential campaign adheres to the “winner-take-all” practice. T9.American foreign policy throughout the WWII was neutrality. F10.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.TII.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The US Constitution came into effect in _b___.a.1787b.1789c.1791d.17932.The Constitution of the US _c___.a.gives the most power to Congressb.gives the most power to the Presidentc.tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others.d.Gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right _b__.a.defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the Presidentb.guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsc.is part of the Declaration of Independenced.has no relationship with the Constitution4.The following except _b___ are guaranteed in the Bill of Right.a.freedom of religionb.the right to get into people’s house by policec.freedom of speech and of pressd.the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes5.All the following except _b__ can not make legislative proposal.a.the Senatorb.the Representativec.the Secretary of Stated.the President6.The following except _c__ are all powers of the President.a.vetoing any bills passed by Congressb.appointing federal judges when vacancies occurc.making lawsd.issuing executive orders7.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be _d___.a.at least 35 years oldb.at least 14 years’ resident of the United Statesc.born in Americad.all of the above8.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __d__ and ____years respectively.a.two, fourb.two, threec.two, sixd.six, two9.The Supreme Court is composed of _d___ justices.a.sixb.sevenc.eightd.nine10.The President is directly voted into office by _c___.a.all citizens of Americab.the citizens over 18 years oldc.electors elected by the voters.d.The senators and representativesIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the two characteristics of the US Constitution?2.What are the qualifications for a Senator and a Representative respectively?3.What are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.What is the difference between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of politicalopinions?5.What is the content of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What did Eisenhower do to serve his foreign policy and what were their consequences?2.How is a President voted into office in America? What are your ideas about the Americanelection?Unit 8 Education, Media and HolidaysI.I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.cation is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government inAmerica.2.All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.3.The first formal academic institution that a child attends is called kindergarten.4.After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor’s degree at graduation.5.When electing a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size,location and academic quality.6.In American institutions, a board of trustees composed of professionals is responsible for theadministration.ually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.8.Yale University is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.9.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through theefforts of two reporters.10.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.Formal education in the US consists of _____, secondary and higher education.a.kindergartenb.publicc.elementaryd.private2.Of the following subjects, ___ are NOT offered to elementary school students.a.mathematics and languagesb.politics and business educationc.science and social studiesd.music and physical education3.Higher education in the US began with the founding of ___.a.Yale Universityb.Harvard Universityc.Princeton Universityd.New York University4.Of the following, ____ are NOT among the categories of American higher education.a.universities and collegesb.research institutionsc.technical institutionsmunity colleges5.Of the following, ___ is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in US institutions.a.choosing the presidentb.establishing policies for administrators and facultyc.approving budget and other financial projectd.decide which student to enroll6.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except___.a.attending lectures and completing assignmentsb.passing examinationsc.working for communitiesd.earning a certain number of credits7.Of the following universities, ___ has NOT cultivated any American Presidents yet.a.Harvard Universityb.Massachusetts Institute of Technologyc.Princeton Universityd.Yale University8.____ is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation ofr its seriousattitude and great bulk.a.the Washington Postb.The New York Timesc.Los Angeles Timesd.New York Daily News9.Of the following, ___ is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.a.the National Broadcasting System (NBS)b.the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)c.the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)d.The American Broadcasting System (ABS)10.The National Day of the US falls on ___.a.June 4thb.July 4thc.June 14thd.July 4thIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How does an American university choose its applicants?2.What functions do American higher education institutions perform?3.What similarities do four famous universities share?4.What are the origins of Thanksgiving Day?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?2.How does American carry out multicultural education?[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。

《英美概况》练习题

《英美概况》练习题Exercises for the Introduction to the English-speaking Countries《英美概况》习题集School of Foreign LanguagesShanghai Institute of Technology前言按照教育部21世纪我国高等学校非英语专业人才的培养目标和规格要求，作为非英语专业的菜单课, 《英美概况》课程教学内容的学习目标是:在打好扎实的英语语言基本功的前提下，要求拓宽学生的人文学科知识，扩大知识面，对西方地理概貌、历史背景、政治制度、经济概况、科学技术、文化传统、体育娱乐、宗教信仰、风俗习惯及社会生活等方面的基本知识, 有助于学习者了解英美的思维方式、价值观念及生活方式等有较全面的了解，其中重点是对英国和美国情况的掌握和了解，同时也贯穿其它英语国家的介绍。

学生在学习本门课程后，可以增强对英语国家尤其是英美国家地理、风土人情、政治经济、宗教文化等方面的了解，可以更好地掌握和运用英语语言，提高英语阅读能力，并且通过语言学习和文化了解的结合，能够正确恰当地使用英语进行交际，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性和宽容性以及处理文化差异的灵活性，从而提高学生跨文化交际的能力。

本课程以教师的“导游”为主，要求学生这些“游客”对相关的知识进行阅读、探索，并利用互联网查询相关的知识，并在课堂上进行专题发言，达到与同学互相交流信息。

在每章节讲授之后，以课件的形式给学生列出各章节的课外作业与思考题。

这就要求学生除了在课堂上认真地听课并做好课堂笔记之外，课外还需阅读有关的必读书目，认真完成所布置的课外作业与思考题，以达到使学生对所学的新知识与新内容能够进一步地消化与巩固的效果的同时，提高阅读速度。

传统的《英美概况》教材的最大特点是集知识性、系统性和科学性于一体, 但却是针对英语专业的学生编写的。

其篇幅长，内容多，涉及面广，生词量大，而我院的非英语专业学生的英语水平相对薄弱，由于缺乏社会阅历，对课文涉及的很多内容如经济、政治等常常是一知半解，难以深入领会难以适应。

英美概况英国部分练习题

英美概况英国部分练习题英美概况 - 英国部分练习题英国，位于欧洲西北部的一个岛国，是英联邦成员国之一。

它以其悠久的历史，丰富的文化遗产，以及对现代科技和艺术的贡献而闻名于世。

下面是一些关于英国的练习题，让我们来测试一下你对这个国家的了解吧！1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？a) 伦敦b) 曼彻斯特c) 爱丁堡d) 都柏林2. 英国的国旗是什么颜色的？a) 红色、白色和蓝色b) 红色、白色和绿色c) 红色、白色和黄色d) 蓝色、白色和红色3. 威廉·莎士比亚是英国最著名的戏剧作家之一。

以下哪个是他的作品？a) 《哈姆雷特》b) 《鲁密欧与朱丽叶》c) 《奥赛罗》d) 以上都是4. 英国的皇室家族是？a) 伊丽莎白家族b) 斯图亚特家族c) 神秘家族d) 温莎家族5. 英国最著名的晚餐菜肴之一是什么？a) 鱼和薯条b) 汉堡包c) 比萨饼d) 果酱面包6. 英国的标准货币是什么？a) 欧元b) 英镑c) 美元d) 日元7. 英国最古老的大学是？a) 牛津大学b) 剑桥大学c) 帝国理工学院d) 伦敦城市大学8. 英国传统的下午茶时间通常是在下午几点？a) 1点b) 3点c) 5点d) 7点9. 英国最高的峰是什么？a) 英格兰山b) 威尔士山c) 苏格兰山d) 北爱尔兰山10. 英国最有名的音乐节是？a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节b) 皇家艾伯特音乐厅音乐节c) 圣理查德音乐节d) 狂欢节希望你已经作出了选择。

接下来，让我们来看看答案。

答案:1. a) 伦敦2. a) 红色、白色和蓝色3. d) 以上都是4. d) 温莎家族5. a) 鱼和薯条6. b) 英镑7. a) 牛津大学8. b) 3点9. c) 苏格兰山10. a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节希望这些问题能帮助你更深入地了解英国。

英国是一个充满魅力的国家，拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，值得我们去探索和学习。

无论你是对历史、文学、音乐还是其他领域感兴趣，英国都能提供给你丰富的资源和体验。

《英美概况》试题(附答案)word文本

英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth1. The highest mountain in Britain isA. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames2. The longest river in Britain is3. The largest lake in Britain isA. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly fromA. EuropeB. the UnitedC. AfricaD. the West IndiesStates6. The first inhabitants in Britain wereA. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began withA. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, ___actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day __, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 __summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.12. The Hundred Years ' war srttaed in __________ and ended in ________ , in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of .A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _ years and king _________ was replaced by king __ .A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in __ in the early _ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called .A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In ___, a small group of Puritans sailed from i n the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. ___ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January __ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after __ , Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except .A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain ' s foreign trade is mainly with _ .A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every years and there are __ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in .A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in .A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include .A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _______________________________ passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. __ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates ' courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London ' s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of .A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in ______________________________ and based at first on ____________________________________________________ .A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except .A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that __ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend .A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some __ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except .A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation ' s capital city Washington D.C. and New York ar e located in ___________________A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America ' s most important __________ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that .A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _ .A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from _______________ and .A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom ' s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves。

英美概况题英国部分

英美概况题英国部分Exercises of Chapter OneI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The largest lake in Britain is ______.A. Loch LomondB. the Lough NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland6. The Lake District is well-known for________.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three7. The British Isles are made up of______.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland8. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland11. The capital of Scotland is __________.A. BelfastB. CardiffC. EdinburghD. Dublin12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flowspast the British Isles.A. the Atlantic Gulf StreamB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is Tru e or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn Rive r near its mouth.5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain.9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893 meters high.10. The largest lake in England is Lake Windermere which is located in the Lake District.III. Fill in the blanks1.The capital of the Scotland is ___________, the capital of Wales is ________ , the capital of theRepublic of Ireland is __________ and the capital of Northern Ireland is _____________.1. Edinburgh, Cardiff, Dublin, Belfast2. The highest peak of Britain is __________. It is located in the Highlands of Scotland.3. _________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.4. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, __________________ and______________________. 4. the Strait of Dover, the English Channel5. _______________ is the longest river in Britain.6. The “Backbone of England” refers to the __________________.7. ______________ is the second longest and most important river in Britain.8. _________________ is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland.9. The climate of Britain is moderated by the ________________________ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.10. The British national anthem is ____________________.11. The British Isles are made up of two large islands- _____________ and ___________, and hundreds of small ones.12. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are _________, ________, and _______.IV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the general climate in Britain?2. What is the most important river in Britain?3. What is the longest river in Britain?4. What does “UK ” stand for?5. What is UK made up of?Exercises of Chapter TwoI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The English people are descendants of ________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. Norman D Danish3. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _______.A. 200B.C. B. 55 B.C. C. 55 A.D. D. 410 A. D.4. The Hundred Years’ War started in _________.A. 1733B. 1453C. 1337D. 13575. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A. the Archbishop of CanterburyB. the baronsC. the churchD. the king6. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons7. The British recorded history begins with ________.A. the arrival and settlement of CeltsB. the Norman ConquestC. Roman invasionD. Viking and Danish invasions8. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War9. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope10. The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of __________ and the House of __________.A. Lanchester, YorkB. Lanchester, KentC. Lancaster, KentD. Lancaster, York11. Doomsday Book was in fact a reco rd of each man’s ________.A. experienceB. behaviorC. propertyD. reputation12. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building13. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC____?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred14. Christmas Day ______, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 1060II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.2. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.3. William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.4. In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.5. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.6. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.7. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.8. Henry VII was responsible for the founding of the Church of England.9. The Hundred Yea r’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453. III. Fill in the blanks1. The England Civil War not only overthrew __________ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. During the First Civil War, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.3. The Romans brought the new religion, _______ , to Britain.4. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5. After the Industial Revolution, Britain became the “________” of the world.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. Black Death2. Industrial Revolution3. the Wars of Roses4. Norman Conquest of 1066:5. Roman invasion of BritainV. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?2. The Civil Wars and their consequencesExercises of Chapter ThreeI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House2. The British Prime Minister is appointed by __________ and he or she always sits in _______.A. the Queen, the House of CommonsB. the Speaker, the House of LordsC. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsD. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords3. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. Parliament.4. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Cabinet5. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Shadow Cabinet6. The predecessor of the English parliament is ________.A. the Great councilB. the WitanC. the House of PlantagenetD. Magna Carta7. The House of Commons consists of ________ Members of Parliament.A. 651B. 1,200C. 1,198D. 7638. The Tories were the forerunners of _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party9. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?A. members in the house of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. the UK citizens above the age of 18D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. The party which wins the second largest numbers of seats at the House ofcommons is called __________.A. the frontbenchersB. the backbenchersC. the shadow cabinetD. the Opposition11. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.A. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC.the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords12. Which document, for the first time in English history, forced King to take the advice of nobles?A. the Petition of Right of 1628B. Habeas Corpus ActC. Magna CartaD. the Bill of Rights of 168913. Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in ______.A. 1951B. 1952C. 1953D. 195414. Among the following members the first one to succeed to the throne is _____________.A. the king’s brotherB. the catholic sonC. the protestant daughterD. the protestant son15. The monarch’s eldest daughter is usually called ___________.A. princess of WalesB. princess royalC. princess daughterD. female prince of Wales16. Most of the practical work of the government is done by __________.A. the prime ministerB. the cabinet ministersC. the heads of departmentsD. the civil servants17. A civil servant must be ______.A. a member of the Party in powerB. a member of parliamentC. active in politicsD. politically neutral18. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except the ___.A. the Queen’s BenchB. the Chancellor DivisionC. the Family DivisionD. the Criminal Division19. The House of Lords is preside by __________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime MinisterII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.2. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution.3. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.4. In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.6. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.7. The title of the life peer is hereditary.III. Fill in the blanks1. The Whigs were the forerunners of the ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the ________ party of England.2. The three major political parties in the UK are __________________, ____________________ and__________________.3. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, and Prince ________ is the heir to the throne.4. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is “ ________.”5. The person who presides over the debate of the Upper House is known as_______.6. British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of _____ and the House of ______.7. The United Kingdom is a __________ monarchy, in which the ________ is the head of state and the __________ is the head of government.8. Britain is divided into ______ constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns _____ member to the House of Commons.A general Election must be held every _____ years and is often held at more frequent intervals.9. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ___________, with its own leader and “___________ cabinet”.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. constitutional monarchy2. the OppositionV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What are the two major political parties in Britain?2. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?3. What are the main functions of Parliament?Exercises of Chapter FiveI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. In Britain compulsory education presently ends at ______________.A. 14B. 16C. 17D. 182. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School3. Only those p upils with the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination can go to _____ schools.A. grammarB. independentC. comprehensiveD. Public4. If a student wants to go to university in Britain，he will take the examination called_____________.A. General Certificate of Education—AdvancedB. General Certificate of Secondary EducationC. the common entrance examinationD. General National V ocational Qualifications.5. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to _________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schools.D. public schools6. Buckingham University is a(n) _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. oldD. stateII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16.2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants.3. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.4. Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious5. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects.III. Fill in the blanks1. The examination all students in England and Wales should take at the end of their compulsory education is___________________________.2. In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ and ________.3. The academic degrees in America are the Bachelor’s degree, the __________ and the Doctor’s degree. Exercises of Chapter SixI. Match the following works with their authors.a. Canterbury Talesb. Paradise Lostc. Robinson Crusoed. Hamlete. Pride and Prejudice1. Jane Austin2. Shakespeare3. Geoffrey Chaucer4. John Milton5. Daniel DefoeII. True or false?1.John Donne is regarded as a metaphysical poet in the 17th C.2.Francis Bacon was a famous dramatist in the Renaissance period.3.Romantic poets in Britain celebrate the beauty of nature, value powerful feelings / emotions ofeach individual, and regard imagination as the source of literary creation.4.Charles Dickens is considered the greatest novelist in the Victorian period.5.Jane Eyre is a novel written by Thomas HardyIII. Fill in the blanks.1. The novel Tess of the D’Urbervi lles is written by2. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of in British literature.3. The writing technique shared by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf is termed as4. Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence is read by some critics as an illustration of , which suggests that boys have a suppressed desire to marry their mothers.5. The keynote of Renaissance literature is , ie, “Man is the measure of everything.”6. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans. IV. Define the term “symbolism” with reference to the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding.Exercises of Chapter SevenI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. What is the most popular type of home in England?A. A semi-detached houseB. A detached houseC. A flatD. A terraced house2. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.A. jumping up the queueB. asking a woman her ageC. bargaining while shoppingD. laughing at one’s own faults3. Three “ings” include the following except _____.A. bettingB. drinkingC. tippingD. bargaining4. The three royal traditions are the following except _____.A. playing the fluteB. the changing of the Queen’s guardC. making a parliamentary speech by QueenD. watching the horse racingII. Fill in the blanks1. In terms of marriage no child can marry below the age of _____.2. The nickname for Britain is __________.3. In Britian, if someone says “I want to wash my hands”, what he/she really means is that he/she is going to a______________.4. It is said that British people are ____________, which means they don’t like small talk.5. British people are usually considered ____________, because are inclined to be suspicious of anything that is strange or foreign.Exercises of Chapter EightI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. Where is the international tennis championship held?A. Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. St AndrewsD. Clapham.2. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.A. comingB. birthC. deathD. resurrection3. Which one of the following features is NOT related to quality newspapers?A. providing gossips about film stars, politicians, etc.B. long informative articlesC. wide range of topicsD. objective presentation, less sensational language4. The established church of Britain is ________.A. The Church of ScotlandB. Free churchesC. The United Reformed ChurchD. The Church of England5. Christianity has three main groups except __________.A. the Roman CatholicB. the Eastern Orthodox ChurchC. the Protestant ChurchD. Buddhism6. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive7. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian8. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papersD. Sunday newspapers9. The Church of England is also called _____.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the CongregationalC. the Salvation ArmyD. PuritanismII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.III. Fill in the blanks1. In England, People usually ______ when first introduced.2. There are two established church in Britain: ____________ and _____________.3. The three world religions are Buddhism, Islam and ________.4. ______ is the doctrine of Christianity.。

11级英美概况练习题-推荐下载

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandUnit 1 Geography, People and LanguageI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland andWales.2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.4.In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the UK.5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.6.Because of political troubles, Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the fourconstituent parts of the UK.7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland oftenfalls below -10.c in January.8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.9.The Celtic people are the earliest known in habitants of Britain.10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late `16th century.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the Britain Isles are ____.a.Great Britain and Irelandb.Great Britain and Scotlandc.Great Britain and Walesd.Great Britain and England2.____ is the capital city of Scotland.a.Belfastb.Edinburghc.Aberdeend.Cardiff3.According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over ____ million.a.160b.600c.60d.164.Among the four parts of the UK, ___ is the smallest.a.Englandb.Scotlandc.Walesd.Northern Ireland5.Almost a quarter of the British population lives in ___ England.a.northeasternb.southeasternc.northwesternd.southwestern6.English belongs to the ____ group of Indo-European family of languages.a.Celticb.Indo-Iranianc.Germanicd.Roman7.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of ___ words to English.a.Danish and Finnishb.Dutch and Germanc.French and Italiantin and Greek8.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the ____ influence.a.Normanb.Dutchc.Germand.Danish9.Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of ___.a.grammarb.handwritingc.spellingd.pronunciation10.At present, nearly___ of the world’s population communication in English.a.halfb. a quarterc.one thirdd.one fifthIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What is the full name of the UK?2.Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?3.How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what arethey?4.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.Who are British People?2.What is Standard English?Unit 2 HistoryI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe---the Britons.4.The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century.5.The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and thetownspeople.9.The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for tradeand territory.10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth Iactually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The ___ attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.a.Normanb.Danishc.Celticd.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, ___ became the dominant religion in England.a.Celtic Christianityb.Anglo-Saxon Christianityc.Germanic Christianityd.Roman Christianity3.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of ____.a.St. Augustineb.Edward the Confessorc.William the Conquerord.Alfred the Great4.The ___ marked the establishment of feudalism in England.a.Viking invasionb.Signing of the Magna Cartac.Norman Conquestd.Adoption of common law5.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___.a.the House of Valoisb.the House of Yorkc.the House of Tudord.the House of Lancaster6.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to ___.a.divorce his wifeb.break with Romec.support the Protestantsd.declare his supreme power over the church7.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between ___.a.Protestants and Puritansb.Royalists and Parliamentariansc.Nobles and peasantsd.Aristocrats and Christians8.___ was passed after the Glorious Revolution.a.Bill of Rightsb.Act of Supremacyc.Provisions of Oxfordd.Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the ____ century.a.17thb.18thc.19thd.20th10.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the___ century.a.17thb.18thc.19thd.20thIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the two components of the British parliament?2.What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?3.What were the two camps in Europe in World War I?4.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War II?IV.State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words.1.What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2.The Rise and Fall of the British Empire.Unit 3 Government and the CommonwealthI. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.4. British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.5. Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.6. The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.7. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.8. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.9. British law consists of two parts, the civil law and the criminal law.10. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.II. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branches with the exception of the ___.a.judiciaryb.legislaturec.monarchyd.executive2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___.a.passing the billsb.advising the governmentc.political partiesd.public attitude3.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to ___ the House of Commons.a.rivalplementc.criticized.inspect4.British Cabinet works on the principle of ___.a.collective responsibilityb.individual responsibilityc.defending the collectivismd.defending the individuals5.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to ___.a.make decisionsb.give advicec.pass billsd.supervise the Cabinet6.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every ____ years.a.threeb.fourc.fived.six7.____ has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.a.Walesb.Englandc.Scotlandd.Northern Ireland8.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a ___ system.a.single-partyb.two-partyc.three-partyd.multi-party9.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and ___.ernment interventionb.nationalization of enterprisesc.social reformd. a belief in individualism10.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ____.a.set up the National Health Serviceb.improved public transportationc.abolished the old tax systemd.enhanced the economic developmentIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.Why the Conservative Party is sometimes called the “Right”?3.What kind of public image does Liberal Democrats have in Britain?4.Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election?V.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involve during the process of a generalelection?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Unit 4 Education, Media and HolidaysI. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.3. The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.6. In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.7. Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.8. The Times is the world’s oldest national newspaper.9. The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.10. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.II. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended bythe introduction of comprehensive schools, in the ____.a.1930s.b.1940sc.1950sd.1960s2.About ___ of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.a.5%b.6%c.7%d.8%3.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive theirremaining funds from all the following sources except ___.a.tuition feesb.loansc.donationsd.corporate contributions4.Of the following, ___ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.a.result in national entrance testb.A-level resultc.An interviewd.School references5.To be admitted to the Open Universities, one need ____.a.some educational qualificationsb.no educational qualificationsc.General Certificate of Education-Advancedd.General National Vocational Qualifications6.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three”with the exception of ___.a.The Timesb.The Guardianc.The Observerd.The Daily Telegraph7.Life on Earth is a kind of ___ program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.a.featureb.dramac.documentaryd.soap opera8.____ is Britain’s top pay television provider.a.BSBb.SkyTVc.BBCd.BSkyB9.Of the following, ___ is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.a.families getting togetherb.friends exchanging good wishesc.friends enjoying each other’s companyd.families traveling overseas10.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___.a.Trooping the Colorb.Queen’s Christmas messagec.Boxing Dayd.Christmas pantomimeIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.How do students in the Open Universities receive their education?5.What role does the media play in British leisure culture?V.State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words.1.What are the general features of Britain’s independent schools?2.The “quality pass” and the “tabloids” in Britain.The United States of AmericaUnit 5 Geography and PeopleI.I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country’s continentalterritory.2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropicaland tropical zones.3.Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south, runs a well-known 50-centimeter rainfall line.4.New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States, and it is composed offive boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island, and Queens.5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood andDisneyland are located here.6.Half of the U. S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.7.The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in theNorth.8.During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.9.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.10.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higherstandard of living.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The United States has ___ states on the continent.a.50b.49c.48d.352.The state of ____ is the largest in area of all the states.a.Alaskab.Hawaiic.Texasd.Florida3.The U. S. lies in ___ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its ____ and the Pacific to its ____.a.northern, east, westb.central, east, westc.southern, west, eastd.western, east, west4.The largest river in the U. S. is ____.a.the Missouri Riverb.the Mississippi Riverc.the Ohio Riverd.the Colorado River5.Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located ___.a.in the Southb.along the Pacific Coastc.in New Englandd.in the Midwest6.____ is located on the U. S. –Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.a.Yellowstone National Parkb.The Grand Canyonc.Niagara Fallsd.The Great Salt Lake7.The native Alaskan population includes the following except the ___.a.Indiansb.Eskimosc.Aleutsd.Blacks8.The largest minority in the United States is the ____.a.Pacific Islandersb.Blacksc.Native Americansns9.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States,particularly from ___.a.Europec.Africad.South America10.The characteristic of dominant American culture is ___.a.English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classb.English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class.c.English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-class.d.English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class.III.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How is the American population distributed?2.How is the life of the Native Americans today?3.Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.Why is the US regarded as a “melting pot” and a “salad”?2.What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in a multicultural society?Unit 6 HistoryI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse.1.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent afterColumbus.2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army andNavy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single,indivisible nation.4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.5.During Clinton’s term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate ofunemployment.6.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Stormin order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.7.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden wereresponsible for the terrorist event on September 11, 2001.8.The American government regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of evil”.9.On March 19, 2003, American and UN’s troops, supported by several other countries, beganan invasion of Iraq.10.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when towithdraw its army.II.Choose the one that best complete each of the following statements.1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at ___ in ____.a.Jamestown, Louisianab.Boston, Massachusettsc.Jamestown, Virginiad.Plymouth, Georgia2.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of ____ who came to America to avoid persecution in England.a.Protestantsb.Puritansc.Catholicsd. Christians3.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the ____.a.French and American Indiansb.French and Spaniardsc.French and Britishd.British and American Indians4.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of ___.a.the settlers of Virginiab.the people of Pennsylvaniac.the colonists in New Englandd.the people of the 13 colonies5.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in ___.a.Concordb.Lexingtonc.Philadelphiad.Boston6.In May 1775, ____ was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a nationalgovernment.a.the First Continental Congressb.the Second Continental Congressc.the Boston Tea Partyd.the Congress of Confederation7.Abraham Lincoln issued ___ to grant freedom to all slaves.a.Declaration of Independenceb.Constitutionc.Emancipation Proclamationd.Bill of Right8.The policy of the US was ____ at the beginning of the two world wars.a.neutralityb.full involvementc.partial involvementd.appeasement9.President ____ applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.a.Wilsonb.Trumanc.Rooseveltd.Kennedy10.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout theterms of Presidents ___.a.Johnson, Nixon and Fordb.Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedyc.Kennedy, Johnson and Nixond.Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did America change its policy and enter World War II?2.What were Nixon’s well-known contribution during his presidency?3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What was the cause of the American Civil War?2.What made the US a powerful country by the end of World War II?Unit 7 GovernmentI.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. F2.The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, theseparation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law. T3.The US Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of twohouses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. F4.Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress. T5.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the SupremeCourt, the courts of appeals and the district courts. T6.Like Britain, the US has a two-party system. T7.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology. F8.American presidential campaign adheres to the “winner-take-all” practice. T9.American foreign policy throughout the WWII was neutrality. F10.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.TII.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.The US Constitution came into effect in _b___.a.1787b.1789c.1791d.17932.The Constitution of the US _c___.a.gives the most power to Congressb.gives the most power to the Presidentc.tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others.d.Gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right _b__.a.defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the Presidentb.guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsc.is part of the Declaration of Independenced.has no relationship with the Constitution4.The following except _b___ are guaranteed in the Bill of Right.a.freedom of religionb.the right to get into people’s house by policec.freedom of speech and of pressd.the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes5.All the following except _b__ can not make legislative proposal.a.the Senatorb.the Representativec.the Secretary of Stated.the President6.The following except _c__ are all powers of the President.a.vetoing any bills passed by Congressb.appointing federal judges when vacancies occurc.making lawsd.issuing executive orders7.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be _d___.a.at least 35 years oldb.at least 14 years’ resident of the United Statesc.born in Americad.all of the above8.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __d__ and ____years respectively.a.two, fourb.two, threec.two, sixd.six, two9.The Supreme Court is composed of _d___ justices.a.sixb.sevenc.eightd.nine10.The President is directly voted into office by _c___.a.all citizens of Americab.the citizens over 18 years oldc.electors elected by the voters.d.The senators and representativesIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the two characteristics of the US Constitution?2.What are the qualifications for a Senator and a Representative respectively?3.What are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.What is the difference between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of politicalopinions?5.What is the content of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What did Eisenhower do to serve his foreign policy and what were their consequences?2.How is a President voted into office in America? What are your ideas about the Americanelection?Unit 8 Education, Media and HolidaysI.I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.cation is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government inAmerica.2.All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.3.The first formal academic institution that a child attends is called kindergarten.4.After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelor’s degree at graduation.5.When electing a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size,location and academic quality.6.In American institutions, a board of trustees composed of professionals is responsible for theadministration.ually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.8.Yale University is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.9.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through theefforts of two reporters.10.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.II.Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1.Formal education in the US consists of _____, secondary and higher education.a.kindergartenb.publicc.elementaryd.private2.Of the following subjects, ___ are NOT offered to elementary school students.a.mathematics and languagesb.politics and business educationc.science and social studiesd.music and physical education3.Higher education in the US began with the founding of ___.a.Yale Universityb.Harvard Universityc.Princeton Universityd.New York University4.Of the following, ____ are NOT among the categories of American higher education.a.universities and collegesb.research institutionsc.technical institutionsmunity colleges5.Of the following, ___ is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in US institutions.a.choosing the presidentb.establishing policies for administrators and facultyc.approving budget and other financial projectd.decide which student to enroll6.To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except___.a.attending lectures and completing assignmentsb.passing examinationsc.working for communitiesd.earning a certain number of credits7.Of the following universities, ___ has NOT cultivated any American Presidents yet.a.Harvard Universityb.Massachusetts Institute of Technologyc.Princeton Universityd.Yale University8.____ is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation ofr its seriousattitude and great bulk.a.the Washington Postb.The New York Timesc.Los Angeles Timesd.New York Daily News9.Of the following, ___ is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.a.the National Broadcasting System (NBS)b.the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)c.the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)d.The American Broadcasting System (ABS)10.The National Day of the US falls on ___.a.June 4thb.July 4thc.June 14thd.July 4thIII.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How does an American university choose its applicants?2.What functions do American higher education institutions perform?3.What similarities do four famous universities share?4.What are the origins of Thanksgiving Day?IV.State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1.What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?2.How does American carry out multicultural education?。

英美概况考试题目及答案

英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。

答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。

答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。

答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。

答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。

答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。

答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。

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