航空发动机专业词汇
航空发动机专业词汇
航空发动机专业词汇Part 1Para. 1gas turbine engine 燃气涡轮发动机aircraft 飞机，飞行器（单复同形）power plant 发动机，动力装置appreciate 理解，意思到prior to 在…之前propulsion 推进reaction 反作用jet 喷气, 喷射, 喷气发动机designer 设计师initially 最初，开始时unsuitability 不适应性piston engine 活塞发动机airflow 空气流present 带来, 产生obstacle 障碍Para. 2patent 专利, 获得专利jet propulsion engine 喷气推进发动机athodyd 冲压式喷气发动机heat resisting material 耐热材料develop 研究出，研制出in the second place 其次inefficient 效率底的ram jet, ramjet冲压式喷气发动机conception 构想, 设计，概念Para. 3grant 授予propulsive jet 推进喷射turbo-jet engine 涡轮喷气发动机turbojetturbo-propeller engine涡轮螺桨发动机turbopropVickers Viscount aircraft 维克斯子爵式飞机be fitted with 配备term 术语, 称为, 叫做twin-spool engine 双转子发动机triple-spool engine三转子发动机by-pass engine 双涵道发动机ducted fan 涵道风扇发动机unducted fan (UDF) 无涵道风扇发动机propfan 桨扇发动机inevitable 不可避免的, 必然的p.4propeller 螺旋桨basic principle 基本原理effect 产生propel 推进solely 单独, 只thrust 推力p.5popularly 普遍地, 一般地pulse jet 脉动式喷气发动机turbo/ram jet 涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turbo-rocket 涡轮火箭p.6accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度apparatus 装置, 机器slipstream 滑流p.7momentum 动量issue 冒出to impart M to N 把M给与Nrevolve 旋转p.8whirl 旋转sprinkler 喷水器mechanism 机构by [in] virtue of 依靠hose 软管afford 提供carnival 狂欢节p.9definitely 确切地, 明确地assume 想象, 以为expel 排出, 驱逐propulsive efficiency 推进效率Page 3p.10differ 不同convert 转换p.11thermodynamic 热动力的divergent 扩散diverge 扩散convergent 收敛converge收敛entry 进气段exit 排气管kinetic energy 动能air intake 空气进口diverging duct 扩散管道outlet duct 排气管missile 导弹target vehicle 靶机p.12intermittent combustion 间断式燃烧aerodynamic 空气动力的involve 具有robust 结实的, 坚固的inlet valve 进气阀inject 喷入eject 喷出depression 降压, 减压exhaust 排气cycle 循环helicopter rotor propulsion直升飞机旋翼驱动器dispense with 省去, 无需resonate 共振resonating cycle 共振循环fuel consumption 燃油消耗equal 比得上performance 性能p.13decompose 分解p.14inherent 固有的draw 吸入p.15arrangement 结构simplicity 简单性subsequent 接下来的thermodynamic 热力的Page 7p.16disturbance 扰动blade-tip 叶尖departure from 背离p.17offset 抵消exceed 超过p.18Mach number 马赫数p.19variable intake 可变进口afterburning 加力燃烧variable nozzle 可调喷口conventional 常规的afterburner 加力燃烧室inoperative 不工作的divert 使转向guide vane 导流叶片duct 管道，用管道输送sustained 持续的cruise 巡航mode 模式p.21multi-stage turbine 多级涡轮derive 得到，取得kerosene, kerosine 煤油be in the order of…达到…的量级spray 喷雾fuel-rich mixture 富油混合物dilute 稀释surplus 剩余的p.22interceptor 截击机space-launcher 航天发射器altitude 高度attitude 态度、姿态latitude 纬度longitude 经度accelerative 加速的duration 持续时间Part 2Para.1working fluid 工作流体conversion 转换jet efflux 喷射气流Para.2four-stroke piston engine 四冲程活塞发动机constant pressure 等压constant volume 等容induction 进气compression 压缩intermittent 间断的be involved in…与…有关charging 进气eliminate 消除idle stroke 空冲程Para.3peak 峰, 峰值fluctuate, fluctuating 波动, 起伏withstand, withstood 承受in excess of 超过employ 采用cylinder 汽缸high octane fuel 高辛烷值燃料low octane fuel 低辛烷值燃料fabricated 装配式的Para.4function 运行, 运转introduce, introducing 输入remainder 剩余部分discharge 排出Para.5,6turbine assembly 涡轮部件air-cooled blade 气冷叶片consequently 随之而来的, 因此, 所以Para.7embody 体现be embodied in M 体现在M中be directly proportional to…与…成正比be inversely proportional to…与…成反比Para.9trace 描绘show up 表现Para.10attain 达到, 实现conversely 相反地Para.11adiabatic 绝热的friction 摩擦conduction 传导turbulence 紊流Para.12propelling nozzle 推力喷管momentum 动量deceleration 减速Page 14Para.13effect 实现conversion 转换convert 转换sonic 音速的subsonic 亚音速的supersonic 超音速的encounter 遇到venturi 文氏管Para.14interference 干扰component failure 部件失效eddy 涡流turbulence 紊流Para.15frontal area 迎面面积straight-through flow system 直流式系统reverse flow system 回流式系统subsequent 接下来的Para.17conventionally 常规地percentage 部分，百分比duct 管道，用管道输送remainder 剩余物deliver 送，流to be conducive to …有利于…specific fuel consumption 燃油消耗率Para.18design feature 设计特征by-pass engine 双涵道发动机by-pass ratio 涵道比twin-spool configuration 双转子结构propfan 桨扇发动机turbo-propeller 涡轮螺桨发动机Para.19by-pass airstream 外涵道气流overboard 向船外，排出ducted fan 涵道式风扇发动机aft fan 后风扇发动机Part 3Para.1centrifugal 离心的axial 轴流的couple 耦合，联接coupling 联轴器coupler联轴器shaft 轴Para.2centrifugal (flow) compressor 离心压气机impeller 叶轮diffuser 扩散器axial (flow) compressor 轴流压气机multi-stage unit 多级装置alternate 交替的rotor blade转子叶片stator vane 静子叶片diffuse 扩散boost 增压booster 增压器Para.3with regard to 关于robust 坚固，结实develop and manufacture 设计与制造consume 消耗，使用attain 达到air flow 空气流量，空气流adoption 采用favour (Am. E favor) 喜爱，偏爱ruggedness坚固性rugged 坚固的outweigh 胜过，重于Fig. 3-1rotating guide vane 旋转导流叶片intake chute 进气斜道swirl vane 旋流叶片Para.5diffuser vane 扩散器叶片double-entry impeller 双面进气叶轮plenum chamber 稳流室Para.6induce 吸入radially 径向地intake duct 进气管initial swirl 预旋Para.7divergent nozzle 扩散排气管Para.8tip speed 叶尖速度Para.9maintain 保持leakage 泄漏clearance 间隙Para.10construction 结构center around (about, at, in, on, round, upon)…以…为中心ball bearing 滚珠轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承split 分开detachment 拆开，分离Para.11forged 锻造的radially disposed vanes 径向排列的叶片in conjunction with…和…共同swept back 后掠Para.12attach 联接tangential 相切的inner edge 内缘in line with…与…一致buffeting impulse 扰流抖振脉冲Para. 13rotor assembly 转子部件airfoil section 翼型截面mount 安装bearing 轴承incorporate 安有，装有in series 依次地design condition 设计状态incorporation 引入，采用variable stator vane 可调静子叶片succeeding stage下一级Para. 14gradual reduction 逐渐减小annulus 环型stator casing 静子机匣maintain 保持density 密度convergence 收敛taper，tapering 带斜度，带锥度arrangement 结构Para. 16multi-spool compressor 多转子压气机optimum 最佳（的），最优（的）flexibility 适应性，灵活性Para. 17handle 处理duct 管道，用管道输送exhaust system 排气系统propelling nozzle 推力喷管match 使匹配obsolete 已不用but 除…….之外Para. 18trend 趋势stage 阶段, 级undergo 承受split 分开core 核心gas generator 燃气发生器optimum arrangement 最佳结构Para. 19induce 吸入，引入，引导sweep, swept 扫，猛推adjacent 相邻的translate 翻译，转换decelerate 减速serve 起……作用deflection 偏转straightener 整流器swirl 旋流diagrammatically 图示地accompany 伴随progressive 不断的，逐渐的Para. 20breakaway 分离stall 失速precede 在……前面Para. 21incidence 攻角tolerate 允许interstage bleed 级间放气intermediate stage 中间级Para. 22proportion 比例pl. 尺寸, 大小coaxial 同轴的inner radius 内半径supercharge 增压akin 相似的Para.23to center around (round, on, upon, about,at, in)…以…为中心alignment 对中, 同心cylindrical 圆筒形的bolted axial joint 轴向螺栓联接bolted center line joint 中心线螺栓联接Para.24secure 固定assemble 装配weld 焊接periphery 边缘drum 鼓筒Para.25circumferential 周向的fixing 安装, 固定maintainability 维护性blisk 整体叶盘Para.26gradient 梯度balance out 抵消twist 扭angle of incidence 攻角boundary layer 附面层, 边界层stagnant 滞止的compensate for 补偿camber 弯度extremity 端部end-bend 端弯Para.27retaining ring 保持环in segments 成组的shroud 叶冠Para.28dissimilar 不相似的, 不同的workable 可用的, 可运转的implement 实现, 执行, 完成retain 保持Para.29impose upon…强加于…之上depart from 偏离intention 意图positive incidence stall 正攻角失速negative incidence stall 负攻角失速blading 叶栅sustain 承受得住surge 喘振instantaneous 即刻的expel 排出margin 欲度instability 不稳定性Para. 30provision 提供margin 欲度hydraulic 液压的pneumatic 气动的electronic 电子的Para. 31cost effective 成本效益好的prevail 流行，胜利Para. 32rigid 刚性的clearance 间隙alloy 合金nickel based alloy 镍基合金titanium 钛in preference to 优先于rigidity to density ratio 刚度密度比Para. 33prime 主要的fatigue strength 疲劳强度notch 切口，开槽ingestion 吸气inferior 差的decline 下降rub 碰磨ignite 点燃airworthiness 飞行性能hazard 危险Para. 34dominate 起支配作用Para. 35solid forging 实锻件chord 弦mid-span 叶片中部snubber 减振器clapper 拍板fabricate 制造skin 蒙皮honeycomb 蜂窝Para. 36robust section 坚固截面ingestion capability 吸气能力Part 4Para.1fuel supply nozzle 燃油喷嘴extensive 广泛的，大量的accomplish 完成Para.2range 范围C---Centigrade or Celsiusturbine nozzle涡轮导向器Para.3consequent 随之发生的，结果的Para.4kerosene, cerosine 煤油light, lit or lighted 点燃blow, blew，blown 吹alight 燃烧的Para.5flame tube 火焰筒liner 衬筒meter, metering 调节配量Para.6snout 进气锥体downstream 下游，顺流swirl vane 旋流叶片perforated flare 带孔的喇叭管primary combustion zone 主燃区upstream上游，逆流promote 促进，引起recirculation 环流，回流Para.7secondary air hole 二股气流孔toroidal vortex 喇叭口形涡流anchor, anchoring 锚，固定hasten 促进，加速droplet 小滴ignition temperature 燃点Para.8conical 锥形的intersect 相交turbulence 紊流break up, breaking up 分裂，破碎incoming 进来的Para.9nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片amount to 占…比例, 达到progressively 逐渐地dilution zone 掺混区remainder 剩余物insulate M from N 使M与N隔离Para.10,11electric spark 电火花igniter plug 点火塞self-sustained 自持的Para.12airstream = airflowdistinct = different typeinjection 喷射，喷入ejection 喷射，喷出atomize 使雾化spray nozzle 喷嘴pre-vaporization 预蒸发Para.13vapor 蒸汽vaporize 蒸发vaporizer 蒸发器feed tube 供油管vaporizing tube 蒸发管atomizer flame tube装有雾化喷嘴的火焰筒Para.14multiple (combustion) chamber 分管燃烧室tubo-annular (combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室cannular (combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室annular (combustion) chamber 环形燃烧室Para.15F.g.4-6Para.16dispose 布置delivery 排气Para.17interconnect 互相连通propagate传播Para.18bridge a gap between填补空白，使连接起来evolutionary 发展，演变arrangement 结构overhaul 大修compactness 紧凑性Para.19contain 包含，安装be open to 与…相通Para.20elimination 消除propagation 传播Para.21virtually 实际上oxidize 氧化carbon monoxide 一氧化碳non-toxic 无毒的carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Para.22aerate, aerating 吹气，供气over-rich pocket 过富区fuel vapour 燃油蒸汽carbon formation积碳形成Para.23incur 招致extinction 熄灭relight 重新点燃perform, performing 完成，执行spray nozzle atomizer 喷嘴雾化器Para.25intensity 强度compact 紧凑的exceptionally 格外地，特别地Para.26calorific value 热值British thermal unit (BTU)英国热量单位=252卡expenditure 使用，消耗Para.27altitude cruise 高空巡航Para.29weak limit 贫油极限rich limit 富油极限extinguish 熄灭extinguisher 灭火器dive 俯冲idle, idling 空载，慢速mixture strength 混合物浓度Para.30stability loop 稳定区Para.32emission 排放物pollutant污染物create 产生，形成legislatively 立法地hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物oxides of nitrogen 氧化氮Para.34suppression 抑制desirable 合乎需要的conflict 冲突compromise 折中combustor 燃烧室substantially 实际上Para.35coating 涂层insulation 隔热，隔离Para.36corrosion 腐蚀creep failure 蠕变失效fatigue 疲劳Part 5Para.1accessory, accessories 附件solely = onlyextract, extracting 提取to expose M to N 使M暴露于NM is exposed to NPara.2torque 扭矩Para.3intermediate 中间的interpose 置于…之间to be derived from…从…获得, 取自free-power turbine 自由动力涡轮to be independent of…不受…的限制Para.4mean 平均的deflection 偏转in proportion to 按比例sectional thickness 截面厚度disproportionately 不相称地Para.5broadly 主要地aerofoil shape 翼型形状impulse turbine 冲击式涡轮reaction turbine 反作用式涡轮incorporate 采用cartridge starter 弹药筒式起动机air starter 空气起动机Para.7to force one’s way into有力地冲入spin 旋转whirl 旋转Para.8to be governed by 取决于, 由…决定substantially 实际上, 大体上excessive 过分的residual 剩余的，剩余detrimental = harmfulstrut 支柱, 支杆Para.9twist, twisted 带扭向的stagger angle 斜罩角Para.10mean section 中间截面Para.12self-aligning coupling 自动调节联轴器Para.15machined forging 机加锻件flange 法兰，安装边bolt 螺栓，用螺栓联结perimeter 周边，圆周to have provision for…为…作好准备attachment 联接, 安装Para.16heat conduction 热传导Para.17degree of reaction 反力度Para.18fix 确定, 决定,trailing edge 排气边so as to (do) 为了prevent M (from) +ingPara.19attach联接, 安装fixing 联接have a bearing on …对…有影响rim speed 轮缘速度de Laval bulb root 圆头叶根supersede 代替, 取代fir-tree fixing 纵树榫头联接involve 需要, 要求serration 榫齿stiffen 加劲, 固牢Para.20contraction 收缩shroud 叶冠fit 配备, 安装segment 部分, 片peripheral 外围的, 周边的abradable lining 易磨涂层A.C.C. ---active clearance controlshroudless blade 无冠叶片Para.21revolve 旋转extract 提取conventional 常规的Para.22impractical 不实际的dual alloy disc 双金属轮盘blisk 整体叶轮cast 铸造bond 粘接Para.23match 匹配nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片back pressure 反压surge 喘振choke 壅塞，阻塞Para.24obstacle 障碍impart to…给与tensile stress 拉应力limiting factor 限制因素Para.25endure 承受nickel alloy 镍合金ceramic coating 陶瓷涂层enhance 增强Para.26resistance 抵抗，耐fatigue cracking 疲劳破坏Para.27ferritic 铁素体terrific 可怕的，极妙的austenitic 奥氏体alloying element 合金元素extend 延长fatigue resistance 抗疲劳性powder metallurgy 粉末冶金Para.28in connection with 关于，与…有关glowing red-hot 赤热发光ounce 盎施=28.35 gbending load 弯曲载荷thermal shock 热冲击corrosion 腐蚀oxidization 氧化Para.29foregoing 前面的, 上述的it follows that 因此, 可见permissible 允许的metallurgist 冶金学家Para.30creep 蠕变finite useful life 有限使用寿命failure 失效Para.31forge 锻造forging 锻件cast 铸造creep property 蠕变性能fatigue property 疲劳性能Para.32reveal 揭示, 显示a myriad of 无数crystal 晶体equi-axed 等轴的service life 使用寿命directional solidification 定向凝固useful creep life 有效蠕变寿命single crystal blade 单晶叶片substantially 实质上, 显著地Para.33reinforced ceramic 加固陶瓷Para.34balancing 平衡operation 工序in view of 考虑到Part 6Para.1aero 航空的pass 排送resultant thrust 合成推力，总推力create 引起，产生contribute 提供absorb 吸收exert an influence on…对…产生影响jet pipe 尾喷管propelling nozzle 推力喷管outlet nozzle 出口喷管Para.2distortion 扭曲, 变形cracking 产生裂纹Para.3thrust reverser 推力反向装置noise suppressor 消音器entail 需要, 要求low by-pass engine 低涵道比发动机mixer unit 掺混装置encourage 促进Para.4exhaust cone 排气锥hold 保持residual whirl 剩余旋流strut 支板straighten 整流Para.5in relation to…对…来说choked 壅塞, 阻塞upstream total pressure 上游总压pressure thrust 压力推力momentum 动量Para.6wastage 损失, 消耗with advantage 有效地convergent-divergent nozzle 收扩喷管recover 重新获得Para.7flared 扩张的restriction 限制progressively 逐渐地longitudinal 纵向的Para.9fixed area nozzle 固定面积喷口variable area nozzle 可变面积喷口offset 抵消Para.13nickel 镍titanium 钛ventilate, ventilating 通风lag, lagging 用隔热材料保护insulating blanket 隔热层fibrous 纤维状的stainless steel 不锈钢dimple 使起波纹acoustically absorbent material 吸声材料Para.14double-wall construction 双壁结构induce 引导ejector action 喷射器作用engine nacelle 发动机短舱Para.15streamline fairing 流线型整流板vent hole 通气孔Para.16chute 斜道bonded honeycomb structure 粘接的蜂窝结构integrated nozzle assembly 整体喷管部件lightweight strength 低重强度仿真simulation 数值numerical飞机aircraft卫星satellite发动机engine飞行flight流动flow可靠性reliability火箭rocket流场flow空间space姿态attitude非线性nonlinear推进剂propellant 固体solid直升机helicopter导航navigation 火箭发动机rocket换热heat复合材料composite 气动aerodynamic 燃烧combustion 传热heat疲劳fatigue航天器spacecraft 风洞tunnel喷管nozzle叶片blade地面ground涡轮turbine航空aviation湍流turbulent机场airport神经网络neural推力thrust固体火箭rocket 非定常unsteady建模modeling旋翼rotor机载airborne压气机compressor机翼wing组合integrated激波shock导航系统navigation航空发动机aeroengine飞行器vehicle航天space轨道orbit雷达radar边界层boundary组合导航navigation陀螺gyro民航civil跟踪tracking转子rotor飞行员pilots雷诺reynolds格式scheme液体火箭rocket冷却cooling天线antenna数值计算numerical进气道inlet失重weightlessness翼型airfoil惯性inertial对流convection叶栅cascade粘性viscous绕流flow颤振flutter制导guidance雷诺数reynolds高超声速hypersonic卡尔曼kalman边界条件boundary燃速rate鲁棒robust燃烧室combustor自主autonomous推进propulsion跨音速transonic模拟器simulator疲劳寿命fatigue空中air射流jet气动力aerodynamic沸腾boiling运载火箭launch压强pressure超声速supersonic仿真研究simulation热流heat超音速supersonic失速stall着陆landing导弹missile载人manned刚度stiffness点火ignition固体推进剂propellant加速度acceleration旋转rotating模态modal火焰flame航空公司airlines阻尼damping接触contact迎角attack马赫数mach阻力drag对准alignment惯导navigation 气流flow卡尔曼滤波kalman壁面wall卫星姿态attitude发射launch数值分析numerical跨声速transonic挠性flexible再入reentry无人机unmanned 冲击impact气动特性aerodynamic 交会rendezvous 可靠性分析reliability攻角attack涡扇turbofan空中交通air太阳solar漂移drift敏感器sensor燃油fuel升力lift尾迹wake相机camera轨迹trajectory飞控flight畸变distortion飞机结构aircraft涡扇发动机turbofan飞行试验flight 某型certain导热heat战斗机fighter推进系统propulsion民用civil星座constellation爆震detonation力矩moment微重力microgravity陀螺仪gyroscope起落架gear鲁棒性robustness高度altitude高空altitude涡轮叶片blade型飞机aircraft烧蚀ablation星敏感器star对接docking喷流jet试飞flight隐式implicit机动maneuver压力分布pressure撞击impact效能effectiveness航空电子avionics摄动perturbation微型micro圆柱cylinder数值仿真simulation月球lunar层流laminareuler方程euler桨叶blade可靠度reliability出口exit定常steady标定calibration数字仿真simulation小卫星satellite光纤陀螺fog非结构unstructured相流flow回路loop系统可靠性reliability轴对称axisymmetric编队formation燃烧性combustion燃烧性能combustion蜂窝honeycomb直升机旋翼helicopter解耦decoupling旋涡vortex隐身stealth某型飞机aircraft无人unmanned进口inlet仿真分析simulation冲压发动机ramjet风扇fan转捩transition军用military自然对流convection捷联sins编队飞行formation品质qualities煤油kerosene药柱grain天平balance星载satellite管内tube弯曲bending紊流turbulent热管heat仿真技术simulation 空间环境space羽流plume疲劳试验fatigue刹车braking歼击机fighterpid控制pid姿态确定attitude分格式scheme初始对准alignment气动弹性aeroelastic 耐力tolerance可压缩compressible 接收机receiver轴流压气机compressor 碎片debris航空运输air比冲impulse载人航天manned闭环loop导数derivatives 离心centrifugal 内流flow气象卫星satellite差分格式scheme凝结condensation 燃烧过程combustion 机身fuselage卫星通信satellite航班flight作战combat四元数quaternion 超燃冲压发动机 scramjet 发动机推力thrust多学科multidisciplinary弹道trajectory跑道runway飞行模拟器flight可靠性设计reliability非线性系统nonlinear换热器heat涡喷turbojet流动特性flow控制方程equations晃动sloshing推力器thruster阻尼器damper系统仿真simulation热控thermal仿真试验simulation振荡oscillation飞船spacecraft仿真验证simulation细长slender环形annular沸腾换热boiling飞行仿真simulation残余应力residual国际机场airport校准calibration亚音速subsonic气动性能aerodynamic航迹flight螺旋桨propeller驾驶员pilot尾流wake俯仰pitching不可压incompressible弹射ejection仿真软件simulation空间飞行器spacecraft进气inlet空间碎片debris飞行人员pilots热传导heat不可压缩incompressible航空电子系统avionics容限tolerance环氧epoxy捷联惯导sins无粘inviscid涡喷发动机turbojet加速度计accelerometer内流场flow低压pressure数值解numerical热源heat星图star运载器vehicle数控nc扩压器diffuser姿控attitude翼面wing气动设计aerodynamic来流flow雾化atomization线性化linearization高超音速hypersonic通过仿真simulation喷嘴injector冷凝condensation军用飞机military静压pressure热防护thermal直升机飞行helicopter导引guidance航天飞机shuttle洞壁wall损伤容限tolerance欧拉方程euler定标calibration屈曲buckling碰撞collision尾旋spin鲁棒控制robust离心机centrifuge降落伞parachute空战air空气动力aerodynamic 转子系统rotor飞艇airship机匣casing航向heading实时仿真simulation襟翼flap载人航天器manned转台turntable裕度margin航空航天aerospace掺混mixing传递函数transfer振动特性vibration合成孔径雷达sar航天器姿态attitude外形configuration 交通流量traffic涡流vortex非平衡nonequilibrium 机动飞行flight刚性rigid 太空space飞行状态flight展开deployment减振vibration运动学kinematics疲劳裂纹扩展fatigue凝结换热condensation边界元boundary仿真方法simulation星载sar sar可靠性评估reliability湍流流动turbulent粘弹性viscoelastic地面试验ground流体力学fluid飞机飞行flight月球车rover引射ejector卫星轨道orbit半实物仿真simulation交会对接rendezvous效能评估effectiveness粘合剂binder突防penetration橡胶rubber样条spline阻力系数drag载人飞船manned结构可靠性reliability流型flow爆震波detonation补燃combustion遥感器sensor挤压squeeze冗余redundancy装药grain耐久性durability悬停hover叶轮impeller高超声速飞行器 hypersonic比目鱼soleus中文英文姿态测量attitude涡轮泵turbopump座椅seat高可靠性reliability高温合金superalloy飞轮flywheel数值求解numerical起动starting前庭vestibular疲劳损伤fatigue遥测telemetry减阻drag敏捷agility迎风upwind非定常流unsteady杂波clutter涡轮盘disk辐射计radiometer圆管tube散热heat振动试验vibration绝热层insulation齿轮gear感器sensor悬吊suspended夹层sandwich有效载荷payload火力fire相流动flow比目鱼肌soleus疲劳性fatigue导航定位navigation液滴droplet作战效能effectiveness疲劳性能fatigue座舱cabin空域airspace脉动fluctuating蒙皮skin数学仿真simulation解耦控制decoupling多学科设计优化 multidisciplinary 多变量multivariable静止geostationary构型configuration航天员astronaut传热性heat推力室chamber流动沸腾boiling超高速hypervelocity包线envelope流态flow运动病sickness挤压油squeeze敏捷性agility旋翼桨叶rotor结构疲劳fatigue惯量inertia空间交会rendezvous隐身技术stealth圆柱绕流cylinder热层insulation发动机系统engine喘振surge含能energetic沸腾传热boiling 热平衡balance姿态角attitude定位系统positioning旋流swirl动力学建模modeling低周疲劳fatigue环氧树脂epoxy两相流动flow空腔cavity仿真simulation目标target武器weapon算法algorithm引信fuze制导guidance武器系统weapon炸药explosive装备equipment成像imaging效能effectiveness弹道trajectory干扰jamming鱼雷torpedo军事military红外infrared仿真结果simulation跟踪tracking估计estimation概率probability坦克tank建模modeling自适应adaptive潜艇submarine导弹missiles火炮gun机载airborne防空air杂波clutter距离range装药charge信号处理signal飞行flight多普勒doppler导弹武器missile射击firing导引头seeker天线antenna弹丸projectile合成孔径雷达sar乳化emulsion防空导弹missile发射launching维修maintenance作战效能effectiveness乳化炸药emulsion雷达目标radar火箭rocket战场battlefield战争war目标识别target导弹武器系统missile感度sensitivity点火ignition回波radar战术tactical战斗部warhead雷达系统radar导引guidance指挥command仿真研究simulation发射药propellant武器装备weapon姿态attitude侵彻penetration 军用military爆轰detonation 雷达信号radar水下underwater 装甲armored爆炸explosion效能评估effectiveness sar图像sar弹药ammunition 车辆vehicle雷管detonator弹道导弹missile燃烧combustion 仿真模型simulation 无线电radio隐身stealth空空导弹missile分布式distributed 舰船ship攻击attack模拟器simulator机动maneuvering 接收机receiver修正correction被动passive延期delay冲击shock计算机仿真simulation 制导律guidance系统效能effectiveness 起爆initiation威胁threat射流jet体系结构architecture 火箭弹rocket显示display气动aerodynamic无源passive撞击impact防御defense冲击波shock地空导弹missile毁伤damage制导系统guidance舰载shipborne分辨resolution战术导弹tactical目标跟踪tracking仿真技术simulation系统仿真simulation飞机aircraft口径caliber侦察reconnaissance烟幕smoke极化polarization热分解decomposition数字仿真simulation舰炮gun抗干扰anti-jamming火力fire某型certain自动驾驶仪autopilot突防penetration飞航导弹missile方位azimuth惯性inertial信息融合fusion火药propellant毫米波millimeter某型导弹missile空中air混凝土concrete回波信号signal运动目标moving舰艇ship波形waveform雷达信号处理radar精确precision卡尔曼kalman星载spaceborne高炮gun雷达回波radar参数估计estimation导弹系统missile估计方法estimation身管barrel半实物仿真simulation仿真试验simulation对准alignment炮兵artillery爆速detonation分配assignment仿真方法simulation回路loop命中hit推力thrust导引律guidancesar成像sar红外成像infrared海军navy气动力aerodynamic靶场range推进剂propellant箔条chaff算法研究algorithm炸弹bomb撞击感度sensitivity建模与仿真simulation调制modulation诱饵decoy装备维修maintenance 射程range多普勒雷达doppler直升机helicopter仿真软件simulation数值仿真simulation反辐射anti-radiation 维修保障maintenance 拦截interception隐身技术stealth论证demonstration 孔径aperture炮口muzzle卡尔曼滤波kalman发射机transmitter维修性maintainability 噪比snr脱靶miss处理器processor火箭炮rocket脉冲多普勒doppler雷达天线antenna融合技术fusion仿真实验simulation延期药delay星载sar sar含能energetic通过仿真simulation阻力drag高分辨resolution分辨力resolution备件spare 欺骗deception航迹track仿真计算simulation宽带wideband电子战ew超音速supersonic鲁棒性robustness攻角attack动目标moving火箭发动机rocket再入reentry靶板target发射装置launcher机枪gun雷达导引头seeker脉冲雷达radar制导技术guidance推进propulsion弹头warhead波束beam炮弹projectile后坐recoil近炸proximity伪装camouflage喷流jet探地雷达radar战斗机fighter导弹总体missile壳体shell原始raw过载overload陀螺gyro相干斑speckle成像处理imaging旁瓣sidelobe装药结构charge某导弹missile近炸引信proximity飞航cruise目标运动target杂波抑制clutter杀伤kill层次分析法ahp兵器weapon药筒cartridge国防defense履带tracked延时delay雷达技术radar燃烧性combustion燃烧性能combustion电雷管detonator虚警false双基地bistatic发烟剂smoke模拟方法simulation静电electrostatic告警warning干扰技术jamming战斗combat雷达探测radar鱼雷武器torpedo动力学仿真simulation测距range天线罩radome目标回波echo质心centroid装定setting成像雷达radar光电photoelectricsar系统sar粘结bonded水雷mine消光extinction飞行试验flight生存能力survivability 硝胺nitramine多普勒频率doppler地杂波clutter空袭air部队army空战air固体火箭rocket铵炸药explosive粉状powdery坦克炮tank点火药ignition跟踪算法tracking成象imaging瞄准aiming干扰机jammer信号源signal防御系统defense炮控gun实时处理processing can总线can作战指挥command导弹作战missile海杂波clutter抗干扰能力anti-jamming 爆轰波detonation雷达干扰jamming航空aviation红外辐射infrared体制雷达radar测向direction可用度availability 炮膛gun作用距离range精度高precision战斗力effectiveness穿甲弹projectile导弹攻击missile两栖amphibious军事领域military战术技术tactical密闭closed目标模拟器simulator中频if水中underwater气动特性aerodynamic步进stepped捷联sins传爆detonation指令command卡洛carlo飞行器vehicle混合炸药explosive跟踪雷达radar目标定位target雷达体制radar冲击起爆initiation鱼雷武器系统torpedo海面sea超视距雷达radar炸药爆轰detonation战备readiness尾流wake目标威胁threat可燃combustible辐射源radar易损性vulnerability估计算法estimation阻力系数drag斑点speckle反导anti-missile传爆药booster散射截面rcs干涉interferometric发火firing推进系统propulsion双基bistatic烟火pyrotechnic指挥系统command系统建模modeling估计精度estimation声纳sonar导弹总体设计missile战场环境battlefield干扰抑制interference捷联惯导sins解除保险arming角速度angular对消cancellation指挥控制command烧蚀ablation机动性maneuverability主战坦克tank部署disposition高度表altimeter雷达散射截面rcs器材equipment反隐身anti-stealth聚束spotlight实时仿真simulation脱壳sabot单脉冲monopulse含铝aluminized数学仿真simulation。
航空英语专业词汇
UNIT 1Engine Failure 发动机故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业术语1.engine trouble failure 发动机故障2.engine shutdown 发动机停车3.to overheat; to over-temp 超温4.engine flame out 发动机熄火;停车5.engine runs smoothly 发动机工作稳定6.engine runs rough 发动机工作不稳7.engine is low on power 发动机马力低马力上不去8.engine surge 发动机喘振9.thrust reversers 反喷装置10.bird;water ingestion 发动机吸进了鸟和水11.vibration 振动12.aborted engine start 发动机起动中断13.loss of all engines 全部发动机停车失效14.engine fire; severe damage or separation 发动机着火严重损失或分离15.engine inflight start 发动机空中起动16.stalled engine 失速的发动机PART 2 Examples 实用例句1.Request priority landing at Fuzhou Airport due to engine failure.由于发动机失效;我们请求在福州优先落地..2.Engine No.2 is overheating; probably due to bird ingestion on take-off;Request priority landing .二发超温;可能是起飞时进了鸟;请求优先落地..3.No. 4 engine flameout after take-off; Request to return to land with one inoperative.起飞后第四发动机熄火;请求一发失效返航着陆..4.CA110 aborted rejected take-off; due to No.1 engine failure.国航110;中断起飞;因为第一台发动机失效..5.Take-off aborted; engine No.2 was low on power.中断起飞;二发马力上不去..6.Due to mechanical trouble; I`ll land with one engine inoperative.由于机械故障;我将一发不工作落地..7.Right left side two engines inoperative; request priority landing with two eng getemergency facilities ready necessary equipments please.左右侧两台发动机失效;请求两发工作优先落地;请准备急救设施必要设备..8.CA981 fired on engine No.2 coming for landing.CA981 二发着火;返回着陆..9.Engine on fire; the cause of the fire is unknown; smoke steadily dispersing 发动机着火;着火原因不明;烟雾正在消散..10.We are declaring in emergency; No. 3 engine fire; warning light remains illum Request immediateemergency landing.我们宣布紧急状态;三号发动机着火;火警灯一直闪亮;请求立即着陆..11.No. 2 engine fire; fire is extinguished. Request priority landing.二发着火;火已熄灭;请求优先落地..12.Request emergency landing and get ready extinguish facility on ground to fireFighting squads available on both sides of the runway.请求紧急落地;并准备地面灭火设施在跑道两侧提供消防队..UNIT 2Fuel Problem 燃油问题PART 1 Phraseology 专业术语1.low fuel 低燃油量2.dumping fuel fuel dumping 放油3.defuelling 抽油4.fuel jettison; fuel dumping 放油5.minimum fuel operation 最少燃油操纵6.jettison pump; valve 放油泵活门7.crossfeed valve 交输活门8.main tank boost pumps 主油箱所有增压泵9.override /jettison pumps 超控/放油泵10.fuel filter light fails 燃油油滤灯失效11.fuel emergency 燃油紧急状态PART 2 Examples 例句1.We are declaring in emergency. Would you give us an area for dumping fuel t fuel jettison fuel.我们宣布紧急状态;请指示放油区..2.Request fuel dumping fuel jettison due to heavy.因为飞机载重太重;请求放油..3.Could we dump fuel at this position我们能在此位置放油吗4.I have about 40;000 LBS of fuel to dump before attempting a normal weight la 我的飞机大约有40;000磅油需放掉我的飞机需要放掉大约40;000磅的燃油以达到正常重量落地..5.I have 45tons of fuel to be dumped; we need 15min. to dump fuel.我的飞机需放掉45吨燃油;需要15分钟..6.I have finished dumping; returning for a normal weight landing.我已完成放油;返回作正常重量落地..7.Our endurance is about 40minutes; We would like to refuel at × × ×.我们的续航油量大约四十分钟..我们想在× × ×地加油..8.CA931-fuel leak on right wing; coming back; Request clearance toBeijing direct.CA931 右翼漏油返航了;请求直接飞向北京..9.Request priority landing due to short of fuel.燃油不足;请求优先着陆..Unit 3Electrical system 电气系统故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业用语1.Electrical smoke or fire 电气冒烟或着火2.1 or 2 generators inoperative 一台或两台发动机不工作3.Loss of all generators 全部发动机失效4.Generator off 发电机断开5.DC bus isolation relays 直流电汇电条隔离继电器6.Tie breakers 汇流条断电器7.Generator field 发电机励磁8.Essential power 主电源9.Generator breakers 发电机断电器PART 2 Examples1.Electrical smokefire;its source cannot be located; smoke continues;request to make a priority landing.电气冒烟着火、烟火源不明;继续冒烟;请求优先落地..2.Electrical smoke; smoke stopsdecrease;request to return to× × ×airport.电气冒烟;冒烟已停减小请求返回× × ×机场落地..3.We lost all generators; request deviating to Shanghai airport.我们失去了所有发电机;请求备降上海机场..4.We fly with backup electrical source; request priority landing.我们用备用电源飞行;请求优先着陆..5.Our APU is inoperative and need ground power on arrivel.APU不工作;到达时需用地面电源..6.APU is failed; request ground power for 1RS.APU失效请求地面电源提供1RS..Typical sentence 典型例句Electrical smokefire 电气冒烟或着火Unit 4Hydraulic System Failure 液压系统故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业用语1.Two hydraulic systems inoperative 两套液压系统不工作2.Single hydraulic system leak or loss 一个液压系统漏油或失效3.Low hydraulic pressure 液压压力低4.Hydraulic leak 液压渗漏5.Alternate brake hydraulic source 备用刹车液压源6.Pressure control valves 压力控制阀7.Relief valves 泄压阀PART 2 Examples1.Braking action is poor due to low hydraulic pressure; request to taxi back for check.由于液压低;刹车效应差;请求滑回检查..2. A minor hydraulic leak detected; we are unable to stop the leaking; request to taxi back.飞机出现一点漏液压现象;我们无法停止漏油;请求滑回..3.No hydraulic pressure; gear extension system failure.无液压;起落架放出系统失效..4.Hydraulic braking impossible after landing due to hydraulic trouble.落地后由于液压故障液压刹车无效..5.Hydraulic system failure ;request to return to land.液压系统失效;请求返回落地..6.We rushed out of the runway due to hydraulic system failure; requestground rescue and evacuation.我们由于液压系统失效而冲出跑道;请求地面援救和紧急撤离..7.Unable to taxi any further due to hydraulic trouble .Brakes and steering inoperative.因液压系统故障不能再滑行;刹车和前轮转弯操纵失效了..Unit 5Landing Gear System Failure 起落架系统故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业用语1.Partial main gear landing 部分主起落架着陆2.Alternate landing gear extension 人工备用放起落架3.Overweight landing 超重量着陆4.Gear lever 起落架手柄5.Wing gear 机翼起落架6.Body and nose gear 机身和前起落架7.Gear extension 放起落架8.Retract the gear 收起落架9.Burst tyre 轮胎爆破10.Airport assistance 机场方面的协助11.Rescue vehicle 救援车PART 2 Examples 例句1. I have trouble extending the landing gear on account of hydraulicsystem failure.由于液压系统故障;我放起落架有困难..2.We are lowering the landing gear by manual gear extension procedure.我们正用人工放起落架程序放起落架3.Now landing gear fully extended.现在起落架完全放出了..4.We do not have the green light on the main gear; only the nosegear will come down. We will try again.主起落架绿灯不亮;只有前轮放下;我们将再试一次..5.The system must be jammed; we will perform a wheels up landing.request foam carpet and instructions for dumping fuel.系统卡阻;我准备收轮迫降;请求铺泡沫并指导放油区..6.We are coming back due to burst tyre during gear retraction.我们返航了;因为收轮时起落架的轮胎爆了..7.AIR CHINA 921 nose gear is not extended; we are extending it manually; pleas give us long down wind heading; we will call you when we are turning base.国航921前起落架未放出;我们正人工放前起落架;请给一个长三边航向;可以三转弯时将叫你..8.AIR CHINA 933 is going to land with partial landing gear. request emergenc facility standing-by.国航933准备部分起落架着陆;请求紧急设备待命..9.Our nose gear is not displayed to be down. please give us visual information i it is in place.我们前轮显示未放下..请目视一下是否放下了..10.CA 101 left body gear is not extended; we try to land with the restof the landing gear.CA101左机身起落架未放出;我试图用其余的起落架着陆..11.Take-off aborted; undercarriage fire; emergency evacuation.中止起飞;起落架失火;紧急撤离飞机..12.Nose gear still appears to be jammed; we will have to make an emergencyLanding on runway 18.前轮仍卡住没放下;我们只能在18号跑道上紧急落地..13.We have landing gear trouble; We would like to go around.我们起落架有问题;我们想复飞..14.We have got to go around; we are having difficulties with the landing gear.我们要复飞了;起落架有问题..15.We must have a flat tyre on the nose gear.前轮肯定有个轮胎漏气了..16.Request airport assistance; we have just swung off the runway due toburst tyre. The passengers are going to stay on board until you send round the rescue vehicles.请求机场协助;由于轮胎爆炸了..我们偏出了跑道;客人都在飞机上等着;等你派救援车来..nding gear still jammed; request to make a belly landing.起落架系统仍卡阻;请求机腹着陆..18.We have landing gear trouble; now overshooting.我们起落架故障;现在复飞..PART 3 New Words 单词Extend 伸、伸展account 原因、理由on account of 由于manual 手工的、用手操作的jam 果酱、阻塞机器等的轧住perform 履行、执行foam 泡沫carpet 地毯undercarriage 起落架assistance 援助、帮助flat 扁平的burst 爆裂、胀破rescue 营救、援救vehicle 车辆、运载工具retract 收回、缩回swing 摆动、转向belly 腹部fuselage damaged 机身受损blanket 床单woolen blanket 毛毯UNIT 6 Rapid Depressurization 急剧释压PART 1 Phraseology 专业用语1．Cabin altitude rapid depressurization 座舱高度急剧释压2．Emergency descent 紧急下降3．Oxygen masks and regulators 氧气面罩和调节器4．Oxygen diluter lever 氧气稀释手柄5．Pack valves 组件活门6．Communication 机组通讯7．Passenger oxygen 旅客氧气8．Differential pressure 压差9．Bleed air 引气10. Duct pressure low 管道压力低11. Outflow valve 排气活门PART 2 Examples1.Cabin is decompression now. Request descent immediately..座舱失压;请求立即下降..2.Emergency descending now due to lack of cabin pressurization.由于座舱压力低;现在紧急下降..3．Cabin steadily decompressed.客舱不断失压..4．Pressurization system failure; request emergency descent to FL140.增压系统失效;请求紧急下降到FL140..5．Pressure is back to normal at this altitude. All passengers are O.K. Request furtherdescent.压力在此高度上已恢复正常;所有旅客都无问题;请求继续下降..6．Cabin altitude rapid depressurization.机舱高度快速释压..7．Cockpit windshield broken; cabin decompressed; emergency descending to FL100.机舱风挡破碎;座舱释压;紧急下降到FL00..8．Left cabin door opened in flight; explosive decompression in cabin; emergency descending to 8000Ft.左客舱门在空中打开;客舱忽然失压;紧急下降至8000Ft.10. CA981 emergency descent from FL330 to 14000Ft; due to suddendepressurization.CA981因为忽然释压紧急下降从高度FL330到14000英尺..PART 3 New Words 单词、词汇Depressurization 减压、释压Oxygen 氧、氧气Regulator 调节器Diluter 稀释器Differential 差别的、不同的Different 差异的、不同的Decompression 减压器Windshield 风挡Explosive 爆炸性的、爆发性的Explosion 爆炸陆空无线电通话 Air/Ground Radio exchangeIt may be indication failure 可能是指示失效Unable to extinguish fire 不能灭火The enginenumberis burning 发动机号数着火Fire warning light is on 火警灯亮Suspecting fire in the forward compartment 可能前货舱失火There is smoke of unknown 在驾驶舱出现来源不明的烟origin in the cockpitHave you extinguished the fire 火已经灭了吗Cleared to avoid weather only within 仅在航线内同意避免雷暴 the routeMayday; Mayday; Mayday;CA982;CA982; 遇到灾难;因双方失效CA982;unable to maintain height due to two CA982不能保持高engines failure. Emergency descent 度;紧急着陆.All stations Sichuan-control; stop transmission 四川管制区所有电台停distress traffic 止发报;遇到灾难.All stations Sichuan –Control distress 四川管制区所有电台traffic ended 请注意;灾难已停止“Tianjin-Approach”CA982;a sick pas- “天津进近”机上一名生senger on board; require immediate 病旅客;请立即在你机场Landing at your aerodrome 着陆Do you have VIP on board 有重要旅客在飞机上吗Change your call sign to new call sign 在得到进一步通知前until further advised 请将您的呼号改为新呼号Remain this frequency 保持现频率Unable to comply 无法执行Maintain own separation and VMC 自行保持间隔和目视条件on board wounded man 机上有一受伤的人A baby born on board 一婴儿在机上出生We need a stretcher /an ambulance/a 需要一副担架/一辆救护车/ Wheel-chair 一辆轮椅You have misjudged distance and 你对距离和安全高度判断clearance 有误You have fail to extend landing gear 你起落架未放下You have done improper operation by 动力装置操纵不当Power plant controlsMismanagement of fuel 燃油系统使用不当Failed to use the lift devices 未使用增升装置Do not continue fly into the known area of 不要继续飞入已知的颠簸区turbulence1.General 1.通用部分Report 报告Monitor 监听无线电通信Roger 明白Wilco will comply 明白照办Reply missing 听不到Stand by 等待;准备Ready 准备好Call me again…time 到…时再呼叫我Out 终止;通话结束Recleared 再同意Climb to level 上升到…高度Descend to level 下降到…高度Disregard 未注意Negative 不同意;否定Approved 同意Cancel 取消前一电报Break 间断电报各部分之间分开Correct 对;正确Affirmactive 肯定Acknowledge 承认Confirm 证实Words twice 每次两遍Read back 重复;复述Over 我转入接收;等你回答Contact 联系上;联系Pass your message 把你的电报转过来Check 检查Verify 查证;核实Advise 告知;请告How do you read me 你听得怎么样Read you 5by 5 我听得很清楚Read you 4by 5 我听得清楚Readable 能清晰听到Readable now and then 有时清晰You are unreadable 听不到Negative contact 未联系Go ahead 进行Request 请求You are unreadable 听不到Do not interfere 请不要干扰通话Traffic 1 o’clock 在1点钟方位上有飞机Traffic in the same direction 同方向有飞机clear of traffic 没有飞机影响你Maintain lateral sep aration of… 保持横向间隔Traffic will be climbing through your level. 飞机将爬过你的高度longitudinal sepa ration…km 纵向间隔…公里Traffic is no longer a factor 接近的危险已消除Traffic in sight 看到飞机No traffic reported 据报无其他飞机活动Report heading and level 据报航向和高度层Fly heading…degrees 飞机向….度Continue heading degrees 继续保持航向…度Orbit left for spacing 向左盘旋保证间隔Turn right immediately; heading… 立即右转弯航向…度degreesavoiding action 避免接近Stop turn now 停止转弯Increase spee d by…km per hour 增加速度到…公里/小时Resume position reporting 恢复位置报告Report passing…place 报告飞越某地Report distance from reporting point 报告离报告地的距离Next report at reporting point 下次在…报告点报告Approaching reporting point 飞近…报告点Passing abeamreporting point 正切...报告点Deviating left of the route 偏离航线左侧Position…km;left of the center 在中心线左…公里处向line; tur n right…degreesuntil advised 右转… 度再通知3．Special case in flight 3.飞行中的特殊情况Fuel spill on the port side/starboard side 燃油从左侧;右侧漏出Speed indicator is out of order 速度表失效Artificial horizon is inoperative 地平仪不工作I have the stabilizer jammed 安定面卡住Hot air from the engines is getting 发动机热空气进入客舱Inside the passenger compartmentDo not interrupt me 请不要打断Transmitting blind 盲发Radio check 通话检查Maintenance check 维护检查Preflight check 飞机前检查Signal check 飞行过程中通话检查Say again your call sign 请在说你的呼号Say again using another headset 请用另一头戴耳机再说一遍I am calling…station 我在呼叫…电台Make a call…station 呼叫…电台Reply missing 未听到回答Sudden wind shift 突然风切变Winds aloft 高度层上的风Wind gusty 阵风Advise surface wind 告知地面风What is the cross wind component 正侧方风分量多大There is abrupt wind shear on the final 在第五边有从左到右的突from left to right 然风切变Cloud base…m 云底…Top of cloud…m;peaks up to…m 云底高…米Runway visual range is…m 跑道能见度为…米There is moderate/severe icing 有中度或强结冰I am in cloud 我在云中What is the braking action of the runway 跑道上的杀车作用怎样There is turbulence in clouds 云中有颠簸On course severe line squall 航线上有严重线飑Thunderstorm activity in sight 见到雷暴活动Report obstruction to vision 报告视线受阻The weather below minima 天气低于最低标准What is the significant weather 有什么重要天气Request to avoid the buil d ups…km 请求避免航线北公里处增长的North of the route 积雨云What is your alternate 你的备用机场在哪里Rain clutters over place 在某地点上有雨滴杂乱回波I am troubled by static 静电干扰我Enginenumberfailed at takeoff 发动机号数在起飞时时效Enginenumberdisintegration 发动机号数损坏Left/right engine is cut off 左/右发动机自动关断Engine tear away possible 发动机可能断裂I have simulated engine number fail 模拟发动机号数失效Unit 7Flight Control System Failure操纵系统故障PART 1 phraseology 专业用语1.The flight controls 飞行操纵2.Manual controls 人工操纵3.Handles 操纵手柄4.Levers 杆5.Knobs 按钮或旋钮6.Elevator 升降舵7.Trailing edge flaps 后缘机翼8．Speedbrake 减速板9．The control stand 操纵台10．The elevator control 升降透操纵系统11.The auto-pilot controls 自动驾驶操纵系统12．The flap controls 襟翼操纵系统13．The steering wheel 转弯方向盘前轮14．Autopilot disconnectinoperative 自动驾驶仪断开不工作15．Autopilot disconnect inoperative 自动驾驶仪断不工作16．Autothrottle disconnect 自动油门断开17．Jammed or restricted flight controls 飞行操作卡阻或受限制18．Unscheduled stabilizer trim 非安定面配平19．Jammed stabilizer landing 安定面卡阻着陆20．Leftright outboard elevator 左右外侧升降舵21．Inboard traling edge flaps 内侧后缘襟翼22．Stabilizer trim rate reduced 安定面配平率减低23．Spoiler capability reduced 扰流板功能降低PART 2 Examples1.We’re having difficulties in maintaining straight course; our plane tends to drift to the left ;we’re in manual now .我们很困难保持飞机航向飞行;飞机总是向右偏;我们现用人工操纵..2．Air China on training flight ;request lower ;the flaps won’t extend further down than 25;we’d like to make further checks at lower altitude.国航训练飞行;请求降低高度;襟翼现只能放到25;我们想再降低高度进一步检查一下.. 3．CA 174 flaps can not extend to the landing flap position; we are doing the alternate procedures ;request go keep the heading for a while.CA174襟翼放不到着陆襟翼位置;我们正在做备用程序;请求保持目前航向..4．CA929 take-off aborted due to rudder ratio light illuminated; Request to taxi back to the ramp for check.CA929由于方向舵比率灯亮终止起飞;请求滑回机坪检修..5．One of the autopilots inoperative ;we are not able to carry the CAT approach.其中一部自动驾驶不工作;无法执行二类进近..6．We are making a landing with only flap 25 high speed approach; Request No .1 to land.我们只能用襟翼25着陆;大速度进近;请求第一个落地7.We try to land with flaps asymmetry.我们尽力用襟翼不对称着陆8.Request to return to land due to control system failure.操纵系统故障;请求返航落地9.We’ve trouble with elevator control ;to keep higher approach speed on final.升降舵系统故障;我们保持大一点进场速度10.We have to make a flapless landing due to flaps trouble.襟翼故障;我们准备做无襟翼着陆11.Request to taxi back due to jammed stabilizer.安全面被卡住;请求滑回12.Auto –pilot system failure.自动驾驶系统失效13.Aborted take-off ;something wrong with the rudder.中止起飞;方向舵故障14.Aileron response sluggish; we have a bit trouble in handing the aircraft 副翼反应迟钝;操纵飞机稍有困难PART 3 New Words 单词词汇Lever 杆.杠杆Knob 旋转.调节器Stand 驾台Elevator 升降舵Flap 襟翼Steering 掌舵 .方向盘Autothrottle 自动油门Disconnect 断开Jammed 卡阻的Restrict 限制.限交Drift 漂摆.游荡Cutout 断开Asymmetry 不对称Ratio 比.比率Procedure 过程.程序Response 回答Sluggish 缓慢的.懒散的Handle 处理Unit 8Part 1 Phraseology 专业用语1.Gargo fire 货舱着火2.Fwdforward or Aft after;cargo fire 前货舱或后货舱着火信息灯亮3.Lower cargo fire 下货舱着火4.Smoke removal 排烟5.Carge overheat 货舱过热6.Dry chemical fire extinguisher 干化学灭火瓶7.Oxygen mask and portable oxygen bottle 氧气面罩和便携氧气瓶8.Equipment cooling valve switch 设备冷却活门开关9.Pack off 组件关闭10.Trim air inoperative 调温空气不工作11.Window heat 风挡加温12.Recirculation fan 再循环风扇13.Air Conditioning Smoke 空调冒烟14.Deicing System Failure; 除冰系统故障PART 2 Examples1.Air China 929-coming back cargo fire国航929返航了;货舱着火2.Air conditioning smoke; request make an emergency descent空调冒烟;请求紧急下降3.Air conditioning system trouble; request to….空调系统故障;请求…..4.Dense smoke coming out of FWD cargo浓烟从前货舱冒出5.Request lower level for avoiding icing condition because de-icing system inoperative请求下降高度避开结冰面区除冰系统故障6.Request immediate descent because the leading edges are iced over请求立即下降;机翼前缘全都结上了冰7.Cargo compartment fire; we are fighting the fire.货舱起火;我正们在灭火8．Rear cabin smoking; reason unknown; request re-turning to land.后客舱冒烟;原因不明;请求返航着陆QART 3 New WordsCargo 货舱De-icing 除冰Forward 前部的Removal 移动;迁移;排除Chemical 化学的Extinguisher 灭火器Portable 手提的Pack 组件Trim 调整Dense 浓密的Leading edge 前缘Trailing edge 后缘Unit 9Hijacking; Bomb Alert劫持;炸弹警报PART 1 Phraseology 有关用语1．To be hijacked 遭劫持2．To keep sb. as a hostage 将某人扣作人质3．To attempt to hijack 试图劫机4．To threaten the crew to divert the route 威胁机组改航5．To rush into the cockpit 冲进驾驶舱6．Anonymous call 匿名电话7．There’s bomb on board 机上有炸弹8．Bomb disposal squad 防暴组9．Two passengers are taken as hostage 两人被扣作人质10．The escape chutes emergency slides 紧急滑梯PART 2 Examples 例句1．Hijackers on board; They are attempting to break the cockpit door; request emergency descent and return land飞机上有劫机犯;他们正试图砸开驾驶舱门;请求紧急下降并返回落地2．We’re being hijacked; The guy wants us to land in Taiwan; but we’ll have to refuel at shanghai airport; request immediate landing.我们正遭劫机;劫机犯想要我们飞到台湾去;但我们必须在上海机场加油;请求紧急落地.. 3．Two hijackers in the cockpit now ;they want ﹩50000in cash from the government ;there’ll have to be a car waiting for them after landing; they say they ‘ll keep 2 passengers as hostages and shoot them if the police attempt to catch them.两名劫机犯已经进入驾驶舱;他们要政府部门送﹩50;000现金;落地后需为他们备辆车;他们申称如警察试图抓他们;他们就将两名旅客扣为人质4．Three persons with pistol and bomb rush into the cockpit; we lose freedom.三名持枪与炸弹者冲进了驾驶舱;我们失去了自由5．We’ve been hijacked;they want us to fly to ××airport;but we don’t have enough fuel on board; request to land at your airport for refueling.我们正遭劫持;遭机犯要我们飞到××机场去;但我们机上燃油不足;请求在贵机场落地加油..6．The hijackers want us to fly to the U.S. they threatened to destroy the aircraft if we don’t comply with their demand requirement劫机犯想要我们飞到美国去;如我们不按照他们的要求办;他们就将毁掉飞机7．We’re being hijacked; the guy requested﹩10;000bill in cash; he’ll keep 2 passengers as hostage until he leaves the airport我们正遭劫持;这家伙要﹩10;000的现钞;他离开机场前要将两名旅客扣作人质8．We’ve been told by the security service that there’s a bomb on our aircraft. request the bomb disposal squa d to come on board ;we’ll use the escape slides .安检部门告知我们机上有炸弹;请除爆小组立即上飞机;我们将放下紧急滑梯.. PART 3 New WordsHijack 劫持.绑架Hostage 人质Threaten 威胁;恐吓Anonym 匿名Bomb 炸弹Disposal 处理;处置Squad 小组;小队Slide 梯子Cash 现金Bill 美纸币;钞票Shoot 射击Destroy 破坏;毁坏Complywith 照做Unit 10Medical AssistancePART 1 Phraseology 专业用语1．Crew/passenger illsevere case 机组..乘客有病重病号2．Heart attack 心脏病发作3． A stretcher case burn case 须用担架的重病号4．Paralysed passenger on board 机上有瘫痪病人5．High-blood pressure 高血压6．Shock 休克7．About to give birth 临产8．Infections disease 传染病9．Infections hepatitis 传染性肝炎10．Cancer 癌症 lung cancer 肺癌11．Liver cancer 肝癌 stomach cancer 胃癌12．Pneumonia 肺炎 appendicitis 阑尾炎13．Cholera vaccination 防霍乱疫苗14．Health service 健康部门;检疫部门15．Quarantine 进行检疫PART 2 Examples 例句1．A passenger has just had a heart attack ;could you check with ××ai rport if they can provide assistance ;otherw ise we’ll have to divert to Beijing一名旅客心脏病发作;你能否与××机场核实一下他们是否能提供医救;否则我们只能改航去北京..2．Could you please tell Beijing tower that we have a paralyses passenger on board and we request a wheel-chair on landing你能告转北京塔能我们飞机有一位瘫痪病人;落地时申请一轮椅..3．One woman passenger is about to give birth; would you provide an ambulance after landing一名女乘客大约要临产;落地后能否提供救护车4．One passenger is suffering from shock request a stretcher after landing一名旅客休克;落地后请求派担驾..5．The whole crew have got full cholera vaccination; we don’t expect a quarantine by the health service所有机组人员要打过防霍乱疫苗针;我们可不经过检疫部门进检疫6．Passenger severe case on board ;request medical assistance on arrival机上有重病号旅客;请求落地时医院援助7．Please check if you can provide accommodations for the sick passengers or arrange ground transportation to the city请证实你是否能为生病的旅客提供食宿或安排进城的交通车8．A passenger on board seriously sick; request priority landing and first aids to stand by our arrival机上有一名重病号旅客;请求优先着陆并在到达时准备医救..PART 3 New Words 生词词汇Case 事情;病号;架子Stretcher 担架Burn 烧;烧伤Paralysed 瘫痪;麻痹Shock 休克Birth 出生Disease 病;疾病Infections 传染性的Hepatitis 肝炎Cancer 癌症Pneumonia 肺炎Cholera 霍乱Vaccination 种痘;接种Quarantine 检疫;检疫处Ambulance 救护车Accommodation 美常用复膳宿供应;招待设备Unit 11Turbulence; Weather and other Occassions颠簸;雷雨天气及其它情况PART 1 Phraseology 有关专业用语1．Moderate severturbulence 中度严重颠簸2．Clear air turbulence 晴空乱流3．Rough bumpy turbulent 颠簸的4．Smooth 平稳的5．An updraught 上升气流6． A downdraught ;downdraft 下降气流7．Wind shear on final approach 五边进近有风切变8．Caution wake turbulence 注意飞机尾流9．Lost in bad weather CB 坏天气中返航雷雨天气10．Weather conditions rapidly deteriorating 天气急速变坏11．Weather conditions gradually improving 天气情况逐渐变好12． A thunderstorm 雷雨13． A flash of lighting 闪电光14．Airmiss 危险接近15．CB Cumulonimbus 积雨云16．Temperature gradually decreasing 温度慢慢降低17．Expect lower visibility for your arrival 你落地时将有低能见度18．No significant change within the next 2hours 下2小时天气不会有大变化19．No improvement forecast for the trend 天气趋势不会转好PART 2 Examples1.CA 937 experiences severe turbulence; with strong up and downdraft; request emergency landing .国航937经爱强烈颠簸;有强上升气流和下降气流;请求紧急着陆2．CA985 difficult in flight control due to severe turbulence; request immediate diversionCA985因严重颠簸;飞机操纵困难;请求立即改航3．There’s moderate to severe turbulence spreading over this area with strong and gusty surface winds本区域中到严重颠簸;地面有强风;阵风..4．Flight conditions are getting rough in the area at the present time此区域这个时间的飞行情况越来越颠..5．We encounter severe turbulence .we’ve just been caught in severe turbulence 我们遭到强烈颠簸..We run into severe turbulenceWe came across severe turbulence6. Air China 107;reporting an airmiss; we’ve just missed colliding with an aircraft that crossed our course about 100feet below国航报告一个危险接近..我们刚才和一架飞机危险接近;在我下面大约100穿越我们的航道7．An airmiss reporting; I saw a huge shape brushing past just now; and I had to dive about 1000feet to avoid traffic报告空中危险接近;刚才我看到一块大影子掠过;我不得不紧包下降大约1000;去避开那架飞机..8.We’re encountering moderate turbulence at this level; is likely to get worse further along the route我们在这个高度上遇有中度颠簸;沿航路上可能颠得更厉害吗9.There’s sever e turbulence cloud ;request to descend to FL280. I’ve received the information of proceeding traffic on FL280 in front of us at the same route that the flight is stable.云中有强烈颠簸;请求下降到FL280高度;我已收到同航路前面飞机的消息说此高度的飞行平稳..10.由于雷雨;请求向左绕航30海沓..11. on account of a large CB in front of us .请求向右绕航20海里;因为前方有一大块运输雷达雨..12.Request climbing to FL 390 if possible because of the strong thunderstorm and we are too low to pass it .如可以请求爬升到FL390高度;因为有较强的雷雨前锋;我高度太低无法穿越..13.Request to make an orbit climb to FL410 at present position because the CB at my front is too high and very close to us.由于我前面的雷雨云很高;离我很近;请求原地盘旋360度爬升到FL410高度..14.We are hit by CB; the weather radar is failed; request radar go assist us to avoid bad weather.我们遭遇雷雨;气象雷达失效;请求雷达引导;协助我们避开坏天气..15.Request emergency descent to FL140 because we have been hit by CB .there’sa deep crack on the outer windows.请求紧急下降至FL140高度因为我们遭受雷雨;外层窗户有一道很深的裂缝..16.We found from the radar that the field is covered by thunderstorm; we are unable to land ;request to maintain present flight level; direct to Beijing.我们从雷达上发现机场被雷雨覆盖;我们无法落地;请求保持现在高度;直飞北京17.Request to change our flight route R-2 to LOYA; because there’s a large amount of CB in front of us ;which blocking our route; please inform the next control zone.请求改变飞行航路R-2到LOYA;因前面雷雨封锁了我们的航路..请通知下一个管制区.. 18.It is raining hard with strong surface wind in Paris; Guall airport; heavy cloud on the runway ;the visibility; is below minimum; the airport is closed now; please hold at Melon戴高乐机场正下雨并伴有较强地面风;跑道上空有乌云;能见度低于天气标准;机场现已关闭..请在Melon 等待..19.There’s moder ate to severe rain over the field; the visibility is 50m; sometimes; drops to zero; and the braking action is poor; the depth of water is below minimum; most of the airplanes have gone to the alternate airport if f you fail.。
航空英语专业词汇
UNIT 1Engine Failure 发动机故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业术语trouble (failure) 发动机故障shutdown 发动机停车overheat, to over-temp 超温flame out 发动机熄火，停车runs smoothly 发动机工作稳定runs rough 发动机工作不稳is low on power 发动机马力低（马力上不去）surge 发动机喘振reversers 反喷装置,water ingestion 发动机吸进了鸟和水振动engine start 发动机起动中断of all engines 全部发动机停车(失效)fire, severe damage or separation 发动机着火严重损失或分离inflight start 发动机空中起动engine 失速的发动机PART 2 Examples 实用例句1.Request priority landing at Fuzhou Airport due to engine failure.由于发动机失效，我们请求在福州优先落地。
2.Engine is overheating, probably due to bird ingestion on take-off,Request priority landing .二发超温，可能是起飞时进了鸟，请求优先落地。
3.No. 4 engine flameout after take-off, Request to return to land with one inoperative.起飞后第四发动机熄火，请求一发失效返航着陆。
4.CA110 aborted (rejected) take-off, due to engine failure.国航110，中断起飞，因为第一台发动机失效。
5.Take-off aborted, engine was low on power.中断起飞，二发马力上不去。
民航客机专业术语
1、the airframe机身,结构2、The front(fore)part前部3、The rear(aft)part后部4、port左旋(舵)5、starboard右旋(舵)6、the inboard engine or inboards内侧发动机7、the outboard engine or outboards外侧发动机8、the nose机头9、the belly腹部10、the skin蒙皮11、the windscreen or windshield风挡12、the wing机翼13、the trailing edge机翼后缘14、the leading edge机翼前缘15、the wing tip翼尖16、the control surface操纵面17、ailerons副翼18、flaps(inboard flap,outboard flap,leading edge flaps)襟翼（内侧襟翼，外侧襟翼，前缘缝翼）19、spoilers(inboard\outboard spoiler)(spoiler down\up)阻力板，扰流板（内、外侧扰流板）（扰流板放下、打开）20、slats缝翼21、elevators(elevator control tab)升降舵（升降舵操纵片）22、rudder(rudder control tab)方向舵（方向舵操纵片）23、flap angle襟翼角24、flap setting襟翼调整25、the full flap position全襟翼位置26、a flapless landing无襟翼着陆27、the landing gear起落架28、stabilizer安定面29、the nose wheel前轮30、gear locked起落架锁定31、the wheel well起落架舱32、the wheel door起落架舱门33、a tyre轮胎34、to burst爆破35、a deflated tyre放了气的轮胎36、a flat tyre走了气的轮胎37、a puncture轮胎被扎破38、to extend the flaps(to retract the flaps)放下襟翼（收上襟翼）39、gear extention(gear retraction)起落架放下（起落架收上）40、The gear is jammed.起落架被卡死。
飞行动力学专业英语词汇
飞行动力学专业英语词汇翻译飞机;飞具;航空器aircraft (ACFT)飞机失事aircraft accident飞机失事报告Aircraft Accident Report (AAR)飞机结构基准重量aircraft airframe unit weight航空器进场分类aircraft approach category飞机组装aircraft assembly飞机基本重量aircraft basic weight飞机校准参考线aircraft boresight reference line航空母舰aircraft carrier飞机分类aircraft categories飞机垂直云幕;飞机升限;飞机舱顶aircraft ceiling飞机证照aircraft certificate航空器等级aircraft classes航机分类号码aircraft classification number (ACN)飞机离场证aircraft clearance机况监视系统aircraft condition monitoring system (ACMS)飞机构型aircraft configuration飞机除冰aircraft deicing飞具设计aircraft design飞机编号aircraft designations飞机签派员aircraft dispatcher飞具阻力aircraft drag飞机带电aircraft electrification飞机空重aircraft empty weight航空发动机aircraft engineB-A电离真空计B-A gaugeB-基值B-basis巴氏合金Babbitt metal多路干扰;串音babble逆转back反方位角back azimuth后射波束back beam反方位back bearing返航感染back contamination背航道back course背航道区back course sector回流back flow风向逆转back of wind欠拨back order撤销倒数back out回压back pressure反向散射back scatter备分件;后援back up挡片back up plate后视野back view回功比back work ratio饱和余度电力back-off power回火backfire背景光度background luminance回载backhaul目视飞行天气 C weather座舱视角C-ckpit cutoff angleC-阶段C-stage舱cab顶架cabane机舱;座舱cabin座舱高度cabin altitude座舱服务员座位（可收回的）cabin attendant seat (retracted) 座舱吹气机cabin blower座舱长cabin chief空服组员cabin crew座舱失压cabin decompression座舱加温系统cabin heating system座舱灯cabin light座舱压力高度表cabin pressure altimeter座舱增压器cabin supercharger密封舱cabin; air tight客舱cabin; passenger加压舱cabin; pressurized钢绳;缆;电报cable绳夹;缆夹cable clamp钢索护罩cable guard吊绳悬空（直升机）cable hover钢缆编接cable splice钢绳张力指示器cable tension indicator达兰伯诡论D'Alembert's paradox达兰伯原理D'Alembert's principle雷管枪D-gunD形环（开伞扣环）D-ring日极值daily extremes每日检查daily inspection (DI)日平均daily mean每日会议daily meeting日较差daily range温度日较差daily range of temperature日变化daily variation每日天气图daily weather chart每日天气图daily weather map道尔顿定律Dalton's law损伤;损害;损坏damage损坏情况评估damage assessment损坏周期damage cycle损坏侦测时距damage detection period损坏侦测阈限damage detection threshold损害降低damage limitation损坏模态与效应分析damage modes and effect analysis损坏容忍度;容损damage tolerance容损设计damage tolerance design容损分级damage tolerance rating (DTR)受损飞机damaged aircraft电器电子设施舱 E & E compartmentE-玻璃纤维E-glass耳塞ear blocks耳塞ear plugs耳膜eardrum早期警报;预警early warning (EW)早期警报（预警）雷达early warning radar早期警报（预警）卫星early warning satellite地球陀螺仪earth gyroscope地球水平传感器earth horizon sensor地球轨道会合earth orbit rendezvous (EOR)地球资源环绕卫星earth resources orbiting satellite (EROS)地球资源卫星earth resources satellite (ERS)地球资源技术卫星earth resources technology satellite (ERTS) 地球卫星earth satellite地面电台earth station接地端earth terminal地球大气earth's atmosphere地磁场earth's magnetic field地转修正earth's rate correction地球反照率earth-albedo地表参考系earth-fixed reference东北东east north east (ENE)东南东east south east (ESE)东风波easterly waveFAA失事顾问FAA accident advisorFAA失事调查人员FAA accident participantsFAA飞机FAA aircraftFAA协调员FAA coordinatorFAA主任调查员FAA investigator-in-charge蒙布fabric伞布fabric; parachute制造;焊接组合fabrication防护面罩face curtain表皮face sheet表层护片face sheets面对面face to face面板faceplate国际空运便利facilitation of international air transport (FAL)便利其它项目维修（而拆装组成件）facilitation of other maintenance 设施facilities (FAC)设施及业务facilities and services设施facility设施性能分类facility performance category夹心面板facings传真facsimile传真图（气象）facsimile chart传真发送facsimile transmission (FAX)因子;因素;因子;系数factor安全因子factor of safety重力负荷G loadsG适应错觉G-adaptation illusion落地冲场g-breakG差异错觉G-differential illusionG显示器G-display超G错觉G-excess illusiong力g-forceG力诱导失去知觉g-induced lost of consciousness (GLOC)G轨域G-layer加速表g-meter抗G衣g-suit耐G力g-tolerance计;表;规gage表压力gage pressure增益gain天河坐标galactic coordinates银河宇宙射线galactic cosmic ray银纬galactic latitude银经galactic longitude银河杂波galactic noise银河辐射galactic radiation银河系Galaxy星系galaxy大风gale强风警报gale warning氢弹 H-bombH型显示器 H-displayH形发动机 H-engine水平力 H-forceH形尾翼 H-tail行为模式干扰 habit pattern interference习惯模式取代 habit pattern substitution适应;成瘾;习惯化 habituation航行时计;船表 hack watch哈根佰意索意流 Hagen-Poiseuille flow雹 hail雹阶段 hail stage冰雹 hailstone雹暴 hailstorms毛发湿度记录表 hair hygrograph毛发湿度计 hair hygrometer裂纹 hairline crack半区间法 half interval method半衰期 half life半负载 half load半分钟转弯 half minute turn半功率（点） half power (point)半滚 half roll半快滚 half snap roll半衰减厚度 half thickness冰积 ice accretion积冰指示器 ice accretion indicator冰河时期 ice age冰映光 ice blink冰冠 ice cap冰晶 ice crystal冰晶云 ice crystal cloud冰晶霾 ice crystal haze冰日 ice day探冰及防冰系统 ice detection and protection system 冰羽 ice feathers冰花 ice flowers冰雾 ice fog结冰核 ice formation-nuclei吸入冰块 ice ingestion积冰负载 ice load冰针 ice needle冰核 ice nucleus跑道积冰 ice on runway (IR)冰珠 ice pellets (PE)冰板 ice plate冰点 ice point冰极 ice pole冰雨 ice rain冰层 ice sheet起重机;千斤顶jack插头箱jack box制动螺杆jack screw起重支点jacking point千斤垫jackpad支索;撑杆jackstay锁螺帽jam nut扰讯比jam/signal ratio (J/S)干扰器饱和范围jammer saturation range (JSR)自动搜索干扰器jammer; automatic search干扰jamming干扰分析与传送挑选jamming analysis and transmission selection (JATS)干扰及警示系统jamming and warning system (JAWS)干扰火箭jamming rocket标枪队形javelin formation颚;夹片jaw叉头螺栓jaw bolt叉头板jaw plate急冲;急动jerk喷流;喷射机jet涡轮机煤油jet A喷射机飞行导引区jet advisory area喷射时代jet age喷射飞机jet airplane喷流偏向板jet blast deflector (JBD)镍铬合金K MonelK波带K-bandK图K-chartK型显示器K-displayK型装货机K-loaderK型桁架K-trussK型翼K-wing地面透气管kanat唐特维兹-唐纳生进气口Kantrowitz-Donaldson Inlet凯通（耐热塑料模）;聚亚酰胺膜Kapton卡门涡列Karman street卡门-摩尔理论Karman-Moore theory卡门-钱学森理论Karman-Tsien theory下坡风katabatic wind下滑锋katafront降压区katallobar冷率温度表katathermometer考夫曼离子发动机Kaufman ion engine龙骨keel龙骨面积keel area内龙骨keelson凯氏温标Kelvin temperature scale肯尼迪太空中心（美）Kennedy Space Center (KSC)凯厄里-赫维赛游离层Kennelly-Heaviside layer刻卜勒定律Kepler's lawL-1抗G动作L-1 maneuverL波带L-bandL型显示器L-display标签;符号label防漏片;气封labyrinth seal系索lacing cord泪腺lacrimal apparatus乳酸酶缺乏症lactase deficiency乳酸lactic acid多孔（云）lacunosus激光雷达ladar梯形网络ladder network落后;迟滞lag落后角lag angle滞面阻尼lag-plane damping仪表滞差lag; instrument摇曳铰炼lagging hinge迟滞运动lagging motion洗流滞后lagging of downwash拉格朗奇坐标Lagrangian coordinate拉格朗奇点Lagrangian points伯光亮度单位lambert蓝伯特正圆锥投影法Lambert conformal conic projection 蓝伯特投影Lambert projection蓝伯特公式Lambert's formulaM-波带M-bandM型返波器M-carcinotronM型显示器M-display马赫Mach马赫角Mach angle马赫抖振Mach buffet马赫蜂鸣（副翼）Mach buzz (aileron)马赫锥Mach cone马赫效应Mach effect马赫锋;震波锋Mach front马赫数维持Mach hold震波交会点Mach intersection马赫极限Mach limit马赫线Mach line马赫表Mach meter马赫指针Mach needle火速未能接近目标Mach no马赫数Mach number震波反射Mach reflection马赫速率Mach speed马赫锋;震波锋Mach stem马赫数配平补偿器Mach trim compensator (MTC)马赫数配平耦合器Mach trim coupler马赫数配平系统Mach trim system马赫下俯Mach tuck多体问题N-body problemNACA翼形系列NACA airfoil seriesNACA低阻整流罩NACA low drag cowlNACA标准大气NACA standard atmosphere短舱（发动机）nacelle无线电环形天线盒nacelle; radio loop贝母云;真珠母云nacreous clouds天底（点）nadir天底点nadir point匐伏飞行nap of earth (NOE)汽油弹napalm嗜睡病narcolepsy麻醉剂narcotics窄频带narrow band鼻瘜肉nasal polyposis鼻咽nasopharyngeal国家科学院（美）National Academy of Science (NAS)国家航空顾问委员会（美）National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)国家航空太空总署（美）National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)国家航空协会（美）National Aeronautics Association (NAA)国家太空飞机（美国x-30）National Aerospace Plane (NASP)国家航天标准（英）National Aerospace Standard国家航空太空博物馆（美）National Air and Space Museum (NASM) 国家空域系统（美）National Airspace System (NAS)国家标准局（美）National Bureau of Standards (NBS) "超""G""" "over ""G"""目标;标的objectives扁率oblateness圆形轨道扁率oblateness in circular orbit地球扁率oblateness of the earth斜角oblique angle倾斜照相机oblique camera倾斜麦克托投影oblique Mercator斜视像片;倾斜照相oblique photograph斜震波扩散器oblique shock diffuser斜震波进气道oblique shock inlet斜震波oblique shock wave斜视程oblique visual range斜翼oblique wing (OW)斜翼单机身oblique-wing single fuselage (OWSF)斜翼变机身oblique-wing twin fuselage (OWTF)视障;天空不明obscuration观察机observation airplane观察飞行observation aviation观察气球observation balloon观测误差observation error观测站observation post观测日observational day观测曙光observational twilight天文台observatoryP波带P-bandP型显示器P-display控制靶机pace太平洋高压Pacific high太平洋飞弹试验场Pacific Missile Range (PMR)太平洋边缘区Pacific Rim太平洋标准时间Pacific Standard Time决定性的项目pacing item全套交易飞机package aircraft固定机枪package gun装箱燃料packaged propellant填料packing填圈packing ring发射架座pad整流罩垫pad; cowl统调电容padding capacitor阔叶螺旋桨paddle blade propeller板形电门paddle switch横轴旋翼机paddleplane挂锁padlock测霜仪pagoscope添条系统paint stripe system古气候paleoclimate古气候学paleoclimatology联合螺帽palnutQ值Q factorQ型天线Q-aerialQ频带Q-bandQ代码Q-codeQ角落Q-corner (coffin corner)低噪音风扇Q-fanQ系列推进剂Q-series propellants四蕊导线quad4功能雷达quadradar象限quadrant (QUAD)导航电台扇形区quadrant of a radio range象限高度quadrantal altitude象限罗差quadrantal deviation象限误差quadrantal error象限航向quadrantal heading象限点quadrantal points象限隔离quadrantal separation区信号quadrantal signal四翼飞机quadruplane四用记录器quadruple register品质;干度（热）quality质量保证quality assurance (QA)质量管理quality control (QC)量子化quantization检疫quarantine雷保;无线电探空气球 rabal相邻雷达干扰 rabbit恐水症;狂犬病 rabies环形航线 race pattern环形航线 racetrack炸弹架 rack支架控制 rack control雷达波吸收材料 radar absorbent material (RAM) 雷达咨询 radar advisory雷达天线 radar aerial雷达飞航管制中心 radar air traffic control center (RATCC)雷达高度计 radar altimeter雷达测高区 radar altimetry area雷达高度 radar altitude雷达高度警示系统 radar altitude warning system (RAWS)雷达进场 radar approach雷达进场辅助 radar approach aid (RAD)雷达进场管制 radar approach control (RAPCON)雷达到场 radar arrival雷达信标 radar beacon (racon)雷达回波识别信号 radar blip identification message (RBI)雷达轰炸 radar bombing雷达投弹瞄准具 radar bombsight雷达天线轴 radar boresight line雷达航图 radar chartS频道 S-bandS-玻璃纤维 S-glass蛇行转弯 S-turn支承环 sabot军刀机 sabrejet战略空军司令部指挥管制系统（美） SAC automated command and control system (SACCS)战略空军司令部数字信息网络（美） SAC digital information network (SACDIN)球囊（内耳膜迷路两囊中之小囊） saccule气压鞍 saddle安全间隙 safe gap安全套带 safe harness寿限内安全结构 safe life structure安全负载 safe load安全观测员 safe observer安全警戒 safety alert安全高度 safety altitude安全备炸装置 safety arming device安全网 safety barrier保险带;安全带 safety belt安全掣子 safety catch安全系数 safety factor安全油料 safety fuel安全高度 safety height安全限度 safety margin安全状态与失误隔离 safety mode and fault isolationT型尾翼T-tail调整片;片;标签tab调整片面积tab area调整片弦tab chord锁片垫圈tab washer平衡片tab; balancing操纵片tab; control伺服片tab; servo配平片tab; trim组织装备表table of organization and equipment表一table Ⅰ表列高度tabulated altitude太康距离指示器TACAN distance indicator太康台编号tacan station number转速表tachometer转速表组tachometer unit心博过速tachycardia粘性tack无粘性tack-free战术空军tactical air force太康;战术导航tactical air navigation (TACAN)战术导航判读系统tactical air navigation system (Tans)战术空军作战tactical air operation战术飞机训练系统tactical aircraft training system (TATS) 战术轰炸tactical bombing潜水艇（德） U-boat铀原子弹 U-bombU形管流体压力计 U-tube manometer雨量器 udometer溃疡 ulcer溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative不足量 ullage加压余量燃料引擎（火箭） ullage engine加压余量燃料操纵（火箭） ullage manoeuvre终极分析 ultimate analysis终极抗压应力 ultimate compressive stress终极负载 ultimate load终极负载因素 ultimate load factor终极弹性力 ultimate resilience终极灵敏性 ultimate sensitivity终极强度 ultimate strength终极应力 ultimate stress终极抗拉应力 ultimate tensile stress超测微表 ultra micrometer超短波 ultra short wave超高旁通比 ultra-high bypass-ratio超高频 ultra-high frequency (UHF)超高频导航系统 ultra-high frequency navigation system 超真空 ultra-high vacuum超轻型飞机（小于1000磅） ultra-light aircraftV形天线V-aerialV形发动机V-engineV-g图V-g DiagramV型尾翼V-tail垂直/短场起降V/STOL疫苗vaccination真空袋成形vacuum bag molding真空计vacuum gauge真空比冲vacuum specific impulse真空式风洞vacuum tunnel迷走神经反弹vagal rebound价值工程value engineering阀;瓣;气门valve阀齿轮valve gear阀帽valve hood阀迟关valve lag阀早关valve lead阀门上升量valve lift进排气门同开valve overlap瓣式伞valve parachute阀衬valve petticoat阀门系统调整valve rigging阀门定时valve timing排气阀valve; relief心脏瓣膜疾病valvular heart diseaseW形发动机 W-engineW形机翼 W-wing尖叫音调 wailing tone机身中段 waist机身缩腰 waisting; fuselage缺点免计;豁免 waiver尾流 wake尾流分析 wake analysis尾流效应 wake effects尾流形状 wake shape尾流互制噪音 wake-interaction noise尾流扰动 wake-turbulence手提式氧气瓶 walk-around bottle起落架摆振 walking; gear边壁限制（风洞） wall constraint战争消耗品 war consumer战争模拟;兵棋 war game战备物资 war reserve作战紧急马力 war-emergency power备战备用组件 war-readiness spare kit库房 warehouse弹头 warhead弹头增益 warhead gain弹头威力 warhead yield爆震集束弹头 warhead-blast cluster发射时刻（火箭）XX型发动机X engine不适飞行天气X weatherX翼机X wingX加时间X+timeX轴晶体X-cut crystal实验型飞机X-planeX减时间X-time氙（气体名）Xenon发射机关断灯xmtr off light发射机调谐灯xmtr tune light染料xylidineY轴晶体Y-cut crystal八木天线Yagi antenna码yard (YD)线股;纱yarn偏航;偏流yaw偏航角yaw angle偏航轴;垂直轴yaw axis偏航控制yaw control偏航控制增益系统yaw control augmentation system抗偏器yaw damper偏航失稳yaw unstability侧滑片yaw vane偏航力矩yawing moment偏航力矩系数yawing moment coefficient滚转偏航力矩系数yawing moment-due-to roll侧滑偏航力矩系数yawing moment-due-to sideslip偏航表yawmeter天文年（365天5时48分53.16秒）year; astronomical 闰年year; bissextile宇宙年（太阳银河系自转一周的时间）year; cosmic国际地球物理年Year; International Geophysical (IGY) 国际太空年Year; International Space (ISY)闰年year; leap光年（光一年所走的距离）year; light太阳年（365天5时48分45.68秒）year; solarZ修正量 Z correctionZ信标 Z-beaconZ形搜索飞行 Z-search早期后缘翼的一种 Zapp flap格林威治标准时间 Zebra timeZZ进场系统 Zed-Zed天顶 zenith天顶距 zenith distance天顶天底轴 zenith nadir axis天顶雨 zenithal rains和风;夏季暖风 zephyr齐柏林（飞船） Zeppelin零;零点;零位;零度 zero零方位 zero azimuth零高云幕 zero ceiling无缺点 zero defect零频率鉴别器 zero frequency discriminator无油重量（最大起飞重量减去燃料重） zero fuel weight (ZFW) 无重状态 zero gravity开始时间 zero hour零长发射器（无导管） zero launcher零长 zero length零长发射 zero length launching (Zell)零升力角 zero lift angle零升力攻角 zero lift angle of attack。
(完整word版)航空发动机术语
Acceleration lag --in the turbine engine，delay between the time instant power is requested and when power is available。
The time it takes the engine to accelerate and give the required power increase. Aerodynamic drag -—force which thrust must overcome to move an aircraft forward. Design can lesson aerodynamic drag through streamlining。
Drag increases with increased speed.Airbleed actuator -—device that operates the interstage bleed system，to improve compressor acceleration characteristics by unloading small amounts of compressed air.Air density-—total mass of air per given volume，the weight of a given volume of air. Air is denser at lower altitude, at lower temperature，and lower humidity。
Airfoil profile -—outline of an airfoil section.Airfoil section -—cross section of an airfoil parallel to a specific reference plane.Air-fuel ratio -—Ideal mixture of 15 parts of air to 1 part of fuel by weight；the mixture to be burned in the combustion chamber.Air inlet —-large，smooth aluminum or magnesium duct at mouth of engine which conducts air into the compressor with minimum turbulence and restriction。
航空英语专业词汇
精心整理UNIT1EngineFailure发动机故障PART1Phraseology专业术语1.enginetrouble(failure)发动机故障2.engineshutdown发动机停车15.engineinflightstart发动机空中起动16.stalledengine失速的发动机PART2Examples实用例句1.RequestprioritylandingatFuzhou Airportduetoenginefailure.由于发动机失效，我们请求在福州优先落地。
2.EngineNo.2isoverheating,probablyduetobirdingestionontake-off, Requestprioritylanding.二发超温，可能是起飞时进了鸟，请求优先落地。
3.No.4engineflameoutaftertake-off,Requesttoreturntolandwithoneengineinoperative.起飞后第四发动机熄火，请求一发失效返航着陆。
4.CA110aborted(rejected)take-off,duetoNo.1enginefailure.国航5.6.7.。
8.CA9819.10.W earedeclaringinemergency,No.3enginefire,warninglightremainsilluminated. Requestimmediate(emergency)landing.我们宣布紧急状态，三号发动机着火，火警灯一直闪亮，请求立即着陆。
11.N o.2enginefire,fireisextinguished.Requestprioritylanding.二发着火，火已熄灭，请求优先落地。
12.R equestemergencylandingandgetreadyextinguishfacilityonground(toprovidefire Fightingsquadsavailableonbothsidesoftherunway).请求紧急落地，并准备地面灭火设施（在跑道两侧提供消防队）。
航空英语专业词汇
UNIT 1Engine Failure 发动机故障PART 1 Phraseology 专业术语1.engine trouble (failure) 发动机故障2.engine shutdown 发动机停车3.to overheat, to over-temp 超温4.engine flame out 发动机熄火，停车5.engine runs smoothly 发动机工作稳定6.engine runs rough 发动机工作不稳7.engine is low on power 发动机马力低〔马力上不去〕8.engine surge 发动机喘振9.thrust reversers 反喷装置10.bird,water ingestion 发动机吸进了鸟和水11.vibration 振动12.aborted engine start 发动机起动中断13.loss of all engines 全部发动机停车(失效)14.engine fire, severe damage or separation 发动机着火严重损失或别离15.engine inflight start 发动机空中起动16.stalled engine 失速的发动机PART 2 Examples 实用例句1. Request priority landing at Fuzhou Airport due to engine failure.由于发动机失效，我们请求在XX优先落地。
17. Engine No.2 is overheating, probably due to bird ingestion on take-offRequest priority landing .二发超温，可能是起飞时进了鸟，请求优先落地。
18. No. 4 engine flameout after take-off, Request to return to land with one inoperative.起飞后第四发动机熄火，请求一发失效返航着陆。
航空发动机专业英语单词
Para 1 基本原理Notes:Para.1.appreciate: understand fully，评价，估价，理解unsuitability :不适合，不相称，不匹配present:submit,offer,give，提出，设置2.patent: n,专利v,取得…专利athodyd: 航空热力管道，冲压式喷气发动机ram jet: 冲压喷气发动机3.turbo-propeller engine: 涡轮螺桨发动机viscount aircraft: 子爵式飞机twin-spool: 双转子triple-spool: 三转子by-pass: 双涵式，内外涵ducted fan: 管道风扇式,涵道风扇式4.piston engine: 活塞发动机solely:单独地,独自地,只是5.pulse jet: 脉动式发动机turbo/ram jet: 涡轮/冲压喷气发动机6.momentum: 动量issue:流出,放出impart…to…:give，给予jet: 喷嘴8.sprinkler: 喷水器by virtue of: 凭借，利用firefighting: 消防hose: 软管carnival: 狂欢节9.resultant: 合成的，总的10.convert…into…:change…into，11.convergent: 收敛的divergent: 发散的target vehicle: 耙机12.intermittent: 间歇的，周期性的static：静止的，静态的dynamic：动力的，动态的aero-：空气的aerodynamic：空气动力学的robust：坚固的，强壮的spring-loaded：绷有弹簧的(图1-7)：shutter valve：薄片式，快门式阀门，节气活门depression：下降rotor：旋翼helicopter：直升机dispense with：免去，不用resonate：共振，谐振13.decompose：分解14.inherent：内在的，固有的up to：直至，高达（上限）15.somewhat：比较，有点blade：叶片16.blade-tip：翼尖departure from:偏离，违背17.offset：补偿，弥补，冲淡18.Mach number：马赫数19.variable intake：可调进气道afterburner：加力燃烧室shut down：停车，关闭guide vane：导向叶片divert：redirectsustained：stable，稳定的，持续的cruise condition：巡航状态20.alternative：另一种结构型式21.kerosine：煤油multi-stage：多级in the order of ：数量级22.interceptor：截击机space-launcher：航天飞机high altitude：高空short duration：短的巡航时间Part 2工作循环和空气流动1.efflux：射流，流出，涌（迸）出2.stroke：冲程reciprocate：往复式的3.fabricated：板金焊接的（板料）4.remainder：剩余物5.assembly：组件7. embody：包含（contain）product：乘积extract：取出（功），吸收（功）9.trace through：追踪，指示10.attain：到达（achieve）11.adiabatic：绝热的friction：摩擦conduction：导热，热传导turbulence：湍流，扰动12.propelling nozzle：推进喷管deceleration：减速acceleration：加速13.convert(convertion)…to(into)…supersonic：超音速的transonic：跨音速的subsonic：压音速的encounter：遭遇，遇到14.failure：损坏，失效vibration：振动eddy：旋涡15.straight-through flow system：直流系统frontal area：迎风面积subsequent：后续的（following）17.conducive：有助（益）于，促进…的specific：单位的，比的（如specific heat，比热）specific fuel consumption：耗油率18.configuration：机构，构造，结构型式19.overboard：出去，向…外variation：变形Part 3 压气机Para.1.centrifugal：离心的axial：轴向的shaft：轴2.impeller：叶轮diffuser：扩压器3.with regard to：关于，对于，论及，提及4.specific thrust：单位推力5.casing：机匣plenum chamber：稳压腔6.radially：辐射地，径向地initially whirl：预旋8. tip speed：叶尖速度9.leakage：泄露clearance：间隙，公差10.ball bearing：滚珠轴承roller bearing：滚棒（柱）轴承ease of detachment：易于拆卸11.forged disc：铸造盘，铸件sweep back：回弯12.all-round efficiency：圆周效率surge：喘振ram effect：冲压效应13.tangential：切向的aerodynamic buffeting impulses：气动抖振14.aerofoil：气动翼型angular setting of the vanes：叶片安装角inlet guide vanes：进口导流片15.air annulus area：空气环形流道面积tapering：作成锥形17. operating flexibility：最佳速度20.correct the deflection：工作适应性air straightener：空气整流器21.air breakaway：气流分离blade stall：叶片失速22.tortuous：曲折的，扭曲的culminate：vi，达到顶点，以…告终25.alignment：准直，对中26.drum-type：鼓筒式disc-dype：盘式spline：花键，用花键连接spacer rings：垫圈blade platform：叶片榫缘27. rock：摇动，摇摆28. angle of incidence：倾角，迎角29.retaining rings ：?固定环，保持环in packs：成组，成批shroud：叶冠，加叶冠32.blade profile：叶片型面flight manoeuvre：飞行机动，飞行动作ingestion：吸入外物34. off design speed：非设计转速35.cough：咳嗽a bang of varying severity：忽强忽弱的放炮声36.safety margin：安全裕度37.bleeding：放气，以…抽气减压38.pneum(o)-：[词头]空气，气动，呼吸pneumonia：肺炎pneumatic：气动的choking：阻塞39.actuator：作动筒，促动筒r.p.m.= revolution per minute40.fatigue resistance：耐疲劳42. titanium：钛carbon or glass fiber composite：碳或玻璃纤维复合材料43.magnesium：镁44.engines designed entirely for lift：升力发动机45.balancing：平衡in view of：由于，鉴于，考虑到Part 4 燃烧室Para.mercial aircraft traffic：民用航空exhaust smoke：排气烟带4.normal：额定的blow away：吹熄5.flame tube：火焰筒liner：套筒（管）meter：量度，测量，定量multi-meter：万用表-meter：仪表，仪器6.snout：主进气口，飞机头部swirl vane：扰流器（叶片）perforated flare：多孔漏斗recirculation：回流air casing：燃烧室外套7.toroidal vortex：环形涡流anchor：驻定，抛锚8.break up：破碎，弄细9.nozzle guide vanes of the turbine：涡轮导向器叶片dilution：稀释10.igniter plug：电嘴点火器self-sustained：自行保持的13.atomizer jets：雾化喷嘴vaporizing principle：汽化原理，蒸发原理baffle plate：隔板14.multiple chamber：单管燃烧室tube-annular chamber：环管燃烧室annular chamber：环型燃烧室17. interconnector：联焰管18.overhaul：大（翻）修compactness：结构紧凑21.decrease by：减小了decrease to：减小到22.air spray type burner：气动喷嘴aerate：充（通）气，吹气over-rich pockets of fuel vapour：过富的燃油蒸气，油兜，油井（穴），油带24. flame extinctior：熄火25.incur：招致，遭受（损失，坏结果）30.glide：滑翔dive：俯冲idling：慢车rich limit：富油极限weak limit：贫油极限mixture strength：混合物浓度31.loop：包线33. negligible：可忽略的35.creep failure：蠕变stress：应力strain：应变Part 5 涡轮Para.2.torque：力矩stationary：静止的，固定的moving：运动的with the advent of：随着…到来，出现3.shaft-power engine：涡（轮）轴发动机free-power turbine：动力涡轮reduction gear：减速齿轮（器）interpose：介入，插入promise：妥协，协调，调和power/weight ratio：功重比patible with：与…相适应的，相容的juxtaposition：排列位置pure impulse turbine：纯冲击式涡轮pure reaction turbine：纯反作用式涡轮incorporated：合并，加入，包含，包括，采用cartridge and air starters：火药式和空气式起动机7. discharge：流出8. detrimental：有害的exhaust cone supports and struts：排气锥支座与支板9.stagger angle：叶片扭转角-安装角10.degree of reaction：反力度12. self-aligning coupling：自调联轴器15.machined forging：机加铸件flange：安装边，法兰盘perimeter：周长18.permitted stress：许用应力trailing edge：后缘leading edge：前缘crack：裂纹19.has an important bearing on：对…有重要影响，关系limiting rim speed：极限轮缘速度de laval bulb root fixing：特拉瓦球形叶根固定（法）be superseded by：以…代替（取代）…‘fir-tree’ fixing：枞树形固定（法），枞树形榫齿serration：榫齿，锯齿stiffen：拉紧，加强hollow：空心的20.segment：扇形段peripheral：圆周的，周边的peri-：圆周的，周边的22. flow characteristics：流量特性back pressure：反压，背压24. creep life：蠕变寿命creep characteristics：蠕变特性26.bending loads：弯曲载荷thermal shock：热冲击high frequency fluctuations：高频振荡28. foregoing = above, preceding29ferritic：铁素体的，三价铁的ferro-：亚铁的austenitic：奥氏体的nickel：镍Part 6 排气系统Para.3.thrust reverser：反推力装置noise suppressor：消音器mixer unit：混合器4.support fairings：整流支板7. longitudinal axis：纵轴9. flap：折叶，片状物，调节片nozzle aperture：喷口孔板10. r.p.m. = revolutions per minute：每分钟转速12. special heat-resisting steels：特殊耐高温钢lag：铺设，包上insulating blanket：绝热层fibrous：纤维dimple：起皱纹，生微涡13.engine nacelle：发动机短舱14.streamlined fairings：整流支板vent hole：通气孔15.chute：进气漏斗Part 7 消音器Para.1.annoyance level：扰人程度perceived noise decibel(PNdB)：能听到的噪音，分贝pitch：音调2.to some power：成幂次关系x to the power nthe nth power of x4. wake：尾流，涡流discrete：断续的，离散的harmonics：谐波5.approach thrust：进场推力6.obviate：排除，免除，事先预防7.lobe-type：叶瓣形9. weight penalty：重量损失11. optimum mean noise level：最佳平均噪音强度12. the pilot’s master switch：驾驶员主控开关pneumatic rams：气动作动筒charge-over：转换13. honeycomb backing：蜂窝芯14. provision：装置（调整机构）15. noise radiation：噪音传播16. sintered fibrous-metallic materials：烧结的纤维金属材料Part 8Para.1. wheel brake：机轮刹车braking parachutes：阻力伞2. landing run：着陆滑跑距离(图) I.S.A.= International Standard Atmosphere：国际标准大气4. pitch：安装角throttle lever：油门杆（操纵杆）7. clamshell-type：蛤壳形retractable ejector：伸缩式作动器bucket-type：库斗式blocked doors：阻塞门9. cascade vanes：叶栅10. linkage：连杆11. latch：锁住12. divert：使转向，使变换方向13. flexible drives：钢索传动，挠性传动装置screwjack：丝杠translating：平移变换，移动cowl：整流罩flush：齐平地fairing：整流罩16. safety features：安全（特性）措施crew compartment：驾驶舱17. pitch control system：桨距调节系统trim：调节，微调malfunction：失灵，出故障20. hinged：铰接22. in segments：成组roller：滚轮23. rod：连杆buffet：冲击stiffen：加强Part 9 加力燃烧Para.1. afterburning：补燃加力3. afterburner：加力燃烧室burner：喷嘴（喷灯）(图) sleeve：套筒6. stabilizer：火焰稳定器interconnection：联焰7. normal：额定的lit：light的过去分词8. catalytic：催化的platinum-based dement：铂基原件hot streak of flame：热射流hot-shot ignition：热射式点火9. cool flame：冷焰at sea levelat altitude13. boost：增加，提高15. pressure ratio control unit：压比调节器16. gear type pump：齿轮泵17. be relayed to：传给，中继degree of afterburning：加力程度20. eyelid：喷口21. struts：支板22. circular heat shield：环形隔热屏perforated：钻孔Part 10 燃油系统Para.1. with the exception of：except, apart from，除了…以外shut-off valve(cock)：截止阀，截止开关throttle or power lever：油门杆或功率杆2. prevent…for…：防止3. pitch：螺距，桨距overspeeding：超转，超速governor：调节器，控制器4. ancillary function：辅助功能7. gear-type pump：齿轮泵variable-stroke：可变行程multi-plunger：多柱塞式图10-1：knot：结，海里/小时8. free-power turbine：自由动力涡轮11. spill valve：溢流阀，泄流阀14. bleed：放，泄（油，气，水），回油capsule：膜片I.S.A.：国际标准大气15. centrifugal：离心的rotor radial drilling：转子径向孔diaphragm：膜片F.C.U. = flow control unit：流量控制装置16. safety relief valve：安全回油活门regardless of：不论，不管17. dashpot throttle unit：阻尼油门装置ported sleeve：有开孔的套筒rack and pinion：齿轮齿条副（传动）20. annulus：环形通道restrictor：限制器spray nozzle：喷嘴22. capsule assembly：膜片组件evacuated capsule：真空膜片pump stroke：油泵行程23. specific gravity：比重24. centrifugal loading：离心载荷26. solenoid valve：电磁阀27. starting nozzle：起动喷嘴igniter plug：火花塞28. back pressure valve：反压阀门30. trimming device：微调装置31. opposing jets：对置喷嘴interrupter blade：遮断叶片33.proportioning valve：比例活门35. equalize：使…相等37. surge：喘振inertia：惯性time lag：时间滞后override：占优势，超控38. metering plunger：节流柱塞overfuelling：过量供油45. L.P. side of the drum：鼓筒的低压端46. rocker arm：摇臂48. idling speed governor：慢车转速调节器49. overstressing：过应力50. relight：再点火51. all-speed：全转速fuel flow regulator：燃油流量调节器main burner：主喷嘴52. gear train：齿轮泵variable metering sleeve：可变节流套筒cam：凸轮stirrup arm：托架臂58. stop：止动销60. thermocouple：热电偶rotary actuator：旋转作动筒62. main burner manifold：主燃油喷嘴总管flyweight：配重63. main and primary flows：主燃油和初级燃油64. water injection：喷水reset cam：重调凸轮72. trimmer valve：微调活门75. air off-take：空气取出，空气提取77. vapour locking：气阻（汽化阻塞）cavitation：气穴ice crystal：冰晶filter：过滤器oil cooler：滑油散热器transmitter：传感器78. plunger-type pump：柱塞式泵constant-delivery gear-type pump：等排量齿轮泵81. camplate：凸轮盘inclination：斜度84. atomize：使…雾化swirl chamber：旋涡室85. simplex：单油路喷嘴lubbock：可调进口喷嘴duplex or duple：双油路喷嘴86. square law：平方律91. exhaust smoke：排气冒烟92. flow distributor：流量分配器gravity head：重力压头94. fuel-cooled oil cooler：燃油冷却的滑油散热器thermostatically：恒温的，热静力学的98. buoyant material：轻浮材料100. conform to：与…一致overhaul：翻修wide-cut gasoline-type fuel：宽馏分汽油型燃油102. viscosity or thickness：粘度或稠度anti-icing additives：防冰添加剂103. volatility：挥发性104. British Thermal Unit：英热单位calorific value：热值105. sulphurous acid：硫酸107. distillation：蒸馏flash point：闪点110. inert gas：惰性气体112. tank drain check：油箱放油检查Part 11Para.1. methanol：甲醇methane：甲烷5. metering valve：量孔，计量阀门servo：伺服，随动，助力capsule assembly：膜盒组件6. oil cock：滑油开关throttle：油门7. feed arm：供油臂swirl vane：扰流器governor：调节器8. pressure difference：压差9. non-return valve, one-way valve：单向阀门Part 13 Para.1. main bearing housings：主轴承座drive-shaft seals：传动轴封严装置2. disperse：分散，散开vent：排出，泄放，通风overboard：机外ventilate：通风4. interstage：级间multi-groove construction：齿结构5. pre-swirl feed：预旋供气6. clearance：间隙7. de-aerator system：油气分离系统breather：通风器9. thermo-couple：热电偶temperature gauge：温度表10. intake louvres：进口导风板cowling：整流罩11. undercarriage：起落架12. engine bay or pad：发动机短舱extinguishant：灭火剂13. bulkhead：隔舱15. drain pipe：漏油管，泄油管。
航空活塞发动机专业词汇
abnormal combustionabsolute （Kelvin）scaleacceleratoractual poweradiabatic processadvanced sparkaerofoilair-cooled engineairspeedaltitudealtitude supercharged engineamount of chargeAMSL-Above Mean Sea Levelangle of advanceangle of attackanti detonation，antiknok antidetonantaspirated engineATM-Aerodynamic Twisting Moment auxiliaryfuel pump，fuel boost pump avgas ，aviation gasoleneAvtur，jet fuelback-firingbafflebatteryBDC-Bottom Dead Centerbearingbending stressBernoulli equationBernoulli‘s principlebest-economy mixturebest-power mixtureBHP-Brake Horse Powerblade angle ，pitch angleblade backblade faceblade rootblade sectionblade tipboiling pointbooster coilboundaryBrayton cyclebreakerBSFC-Brake Specific Fuel Consumption buffetingbypass valvec.c.m-chemically correct mixture camcamshaftcapacitorcarbon depositcarburetorcarburetor icecarburetor watercentigrade scalecheck valvechemical energychord lineCHT-Cylinder Head Temperature Clapeyron equationcoarse pitchcollectorcolour codecombustioncombustorcompression ratiocompression strokecompressorcondensationconnecting rodcontamiantcontaminationcontinuity equationcooling cowl flapcooling fincorrosion protection counterweightcowlingcrankcasecrankshaftcritical altitudecross checkingCSU-Constant Speed UnitCTM-Centrifugal Twisting Moment cushioncyclecylindercylinder headdate expireddensitydensity heightdetonationdew pointdiffuserdiffuserdipstickdistributordivedragdrain valvedropletdrumdry-sumpdual ignition system effective blade section effective efficiency effective pitchEGT- Exhaust Gas Temperature EHP-Effective Horse Power energy equationengineengine casingethalpyexcess air coefficient exhaust gas turbineexhaust strokeexhaust valveexpansion（power） stroke Fahrenheit scalefatiguefatigue crackFCU-Fuel Control Unit featheringFHP-Friction Horse Power fighterfillerfillingfine pitchfine pitch stopfire pointfiring orderfixed cowl outletfixed-pitch propellerflame frontflameoutflapflash pointfloatfloat chamberflowfly-weightforward velocityfour-stroke enginefreezingfrictionfuelfuel filterfuel flowfuel gradefuel icefuel injection systemfuel manifold unit or fuel distributor fuel pressure gaugefuel pumpfuel quantity indicationfuel strainerfuel tankfuel tank selectorfuel truckfuel-air ratiofull carburetor heatfull coarsefull finefull richfull -throttle heightgasolenegeargeometric pitchglidergovernor control levergovernor，speederGPH-U.S.Gallons/hground boosted engineheadwingheatheat conductionheat convectionheat energyheavy-duty cablinghelixhelix anglehigh-pressure oil filterhorizontally opposed enginehubhydraulicalice pointideal gasidle cut-off，idle cut-outidlingidling jetignitionignition switchIHP-Indicated Horse Powerimpact iceimpellerimperfect combustionimpulse couplingindentationin-line engineintake strokeintake valveinternal- combustion engine internal energyisobaric processisometric processisothermal processkerosenekick-backkn-knot，n mile/hknoblabelingLaval nozzlelead depositleading edgelean mixtureliftliquid-cooled enginelow-pressure oil screen lubricationMach numbermagnetomain metering jetMCP-Maximum Continuous Power METO-Maximum Except for Take-Off mechanical efficiency mechanical energymechanical shockmicro-organismmixture controlmoisturemost efficient angle of attack MP（MAP）-Manifold PressureMSL-Mean Sea Levelmulti-enginen mile -nautical mileneedle valvenormal combustionnozzleoctane number，octane ratingoiloil cooleroil pumpoil sumpOtto cycleoutsideoverflow drainoverheat vapourover-leanovernightover-richoverspeedpartial carburetor heatPascalperfect combustionperformancepistonpiston ringpitch-changing cylinderpitch-changing mechanismpitch-changing springplane of rotationpowerpower cyclepowerplantpreignitionpressurepressure heightpressure relief valveprimary windingprimerpropellerpropeller bladepropeller control ，pitch controlpropeller efficiencypulsepushrodQNH-altitude above seal level based on local stationpressure radial enginerating numberreal gasrear edgereciprocating enginereduction gearboxrelative airflow velocityrelative humidityrelayresultant velocityreverse pitchrich mixturerocker armrollerrotational velocityrotative velocityrough runningrpm gauge，tachometerrpm-revolutions per minuterustSAR-Specific Air Rangesaturation atmospherescavenging pumpscreensealingsecondary windingsegment gearselectorself-contained generationSFC-Specific Fuel Consumption SGR-Specific Ground Rangeshutoff valveslipslip functionsolenoid operating switchspansparkspark plugspecific volumespinnersplashspraySR-Specific Rangestabilitystarterstarvationstate parameterstrokestructure limitsubstancesupercharged enginesuperchargersupercooled watersystemTAS-True Air SpeedTDC-Top Dead Centertemperaturetemperature variationtest pastethe second law of thermodynamics the first law of thermodynamics thermal radiationthermally operated valve thermodynamical cycle thermodynamical processthrottle icethrottle leverthrottle valve ，butterfly valve thrustthrust horsepowertorque forcetransonicturbineturbochargertwin-enginetwisttwisting momentunfilteredunsupercharged engineuseful powerUSG-U.S.Gallonvalve lagvalve leadvalve overlapvalve seatvalve springvalve timingvapor lockvaporizationvariable cowl flapvelocity of soundVenturi effectVenturi tubeVE-Volumetric Efficiencyvibrationvibratorviscosity ，stickinessvisible moisturevoltagewarning lightwaste gatewater vapourweak-cutwet atmospherewet-sumpwind millingwindmillingworkconstant-speed propeller ，variable-pitch propeller out-of -balanceaccessory drive padfuel rackground run-uptaxitake-offclimb/ascentcruisedecentland/approachgo aroundbearing insertdowel pinabrasive cleaning paste mineral spiritsLacquer thinnerpittingdentcorrosionrusterosionroto coilcrocus clothcoarse clothsnap ring plier retaining ringdriftlock washertab washershielded visearbor pressneedle nose pliers Valve Seat Insert seal retaining plate spacergasketwasherlock nutboltthrough boltthrust washerpilotabrasionchafinggallingwearHelical coillocking plier非正常燃烧绝对（开尔文）温标加速泵实际功率绝热过程提前点火翼型气冷式发动机空速高度高空增压发动机充填量平均海平面以上前进角攻角抗爆抗爆剂吸气式发动机气动力扭矩辅助燃油泵航空汽油航空煤油回火导风板蓄电池下死（止）点轴承弯曲应力伯努利方程式伯努利原理最经济混合比最佳功率混合比制动功率桨叶角（距角）叶背叶面叶根叶剖面叶尖沸点启动线圈边界布莱顿循环断电器制动单位耗油率抖动旁通阀化学恰当混合比凸轮凸轮轴电容器积炭化油（汽化）器化油器结冰化油器结冰摄氏温标单向阀化学能弦线汽缸头温度克拉贝隆方程式大距收集器色标（色码）燃烧燃烧室压缩比压缩冲程压气机凝结连杆污染物污染连续方程式冷却风门散热片防腐蚀配重整流罩曲轴机匣曲轴临界高度互校恒速机构（变距机构）离心力扭矩缓冲循环汽缸汽缸头过期的密度密度高度爆燃露点（温度）扩压管扩压器量油尺（量油杆）分电器俯冲阻力泄油阀液滴油桶干机匣双点火系统有效桨叶剖面有效功率有效桨距排气温度有效功率能量方程发动机发动机机匣焓余气系数废气涡轮排气冲程排气门膨胀（做功）冲程华氏温标疲劳疲劳裂纹燃油调节器顺桨摩擦功率战斗机加油口加油小距小距止动着火点点火次序不可调风门定距螺旋桨火焰前锋熄火风门闪点浮子浮子室流动飞重前进速度四冲程发动机凝结摩擦燃油油滤燃油流量燃油品牌（牌号）燃油结冰喷油系统燃油分配器燃油压力表燃油泵油量表油滤燃油箱燃油箱选择器油车油气比完全化油器加热全（最）大距全（最）小距极富油全油门高度汽油齿轮几何桨距滑翔机变距杆调速器美国加仑/小时地面增压发动机逆风热热传导对流换热热能大功率电缆螺旋线螺旋角高压滑油滤水平对置式发动机桨毂液压的冰点理想气体慢车开关慢车慢车喷油点火点火开关指示功率冲击结冰叶轮不完全燃烧冲击联轴器伤痕直立式发动机进气冲程进气门内燃机内能定压过程定容过程定温过程煤油倒转节按钮标牌拉伐尔喷管积铅前缘贫油混合气升力液冷式发动机低压滑油滤润滑马赫数磁电机主限油孔最大续航功率机械功率机械能机械冲击微生物混合比调节湿气最有效攻角进气压力平均海平面多发海里针阀正常燃烧喷管辛烷数滑油滑油冷却器滑油泵滑油槽（滑油池）奥拓循环外界溢流口过热水蒸气过贫油过夜过富油超转部分化油器加热帕斯卡完全燃烧性能活塞活塞涨圈（活塞环）变距油缸变距机构变距弹簧旋转平面功率动力循环动力装置早燃压力（压强）压力高度减压阀初级线圈启动注油器螺旋桨螺旋桨桨叶螺旋桨调节螺旋桨效率脉动推杆海压高度星形发动机级数实际气体后缘往复式发动机减速箱相对速度相对湿度继电器合成速度反桨富油混合比摇臂滚轮旋转速度转速不平稳运转转速表每分钟转速（转数/分）铁锈单位空中航程饱和空气回油泵过滤器密封次级线圈扇形（伞）齿轮选择器自备电源单位耗油率单位地面航程截流阀滑移滑移函数电磁开关桨叶长度电火花火花塞（电嘴）质量体积整流罩泼溅喷射单位航程稳定性启动机缺油状态参数冲程结构限制工质增压式发动机增压器过冷水体系实际空速上死（止）点温度温度修正试剂热力学第二定律热力学第一定律热辐射温度控制开关热力学循环热力过程节气门结冰油门杆节气门（蝶阀）推力推进效率扭力跨声速涡轮涡轮增压器双发扭转扭转力矩未过滤的非增压发动机有用功率美国加仑气门晚开气门早开气门同开气门座气门弹簧气门正时气塞蒸发（汽化）可调风门声速文特利效应文特利管体积效率振动振荡器粘性可见湿气电压警示灯废气活门水蒸气缺油停车湿空气湿机匣风车风车状态功恒速螺旋桨（变距螺旋桨）失衡附件传动装置安装座油门齿条地面试车滑跑起飞爬升巡航下降降落复飞轴瓦定位销研磨清洁膏矿物溶剂香蕉水麻点凹坑任何物体的腐蚀仅指铁的锈蚀由于流动，热气流、砂砾或化学因素导致的磨损螺旋垫圈细砂布粗砂布卡簧钳弹簧卡环冲头锁紧垫圈止动垫圈防护台钳手扳压机尖嘴钳气门座镶圈密封固定板垫片衬垫垫圈自锁螺母螺栓贯穿螺栓止推垫圈导正筒刮擦的痕迹因动态导致的摩擦(低载荷下)由于零件在运输过程中产生的磨损或微震磨损，经常发生在高载荷下，接触部分由于相对运动造成的损伤。
航空英语专业词汇
实用文档UNIT 1Engine Failure发动机故障PART 1 Phraseology专业术语1.engine trouble (failure)发动机故障2.engine shutdown发动机停车3.to overheat, to over-temp超温4.engine flame out发动机熄火，停车5.engine runs smoothly发动机工作稳定6.engine runs rough发动机工作不稳7.engine is low on power发动机马力低（马力上不去）8.engine surge发动机喘振9.thrust reversers反喷装置10.bird,water ingestion发动机吸进了鸟和水11.vibration振动12.aborted engine start发动机起动中断13.loss of all engines全部发动机停车 ( 失效 )14.engine fire, severe damage or separation发动机着火严重损失或分离15.engine inflight start发动机空中起动16.stalled engine失速的发动机PART 2 Examples实用例句1. Request priority landing at Fuzhou Airport due to engine failure.由于发动机失效，我们请求在福州优先落地。
2. Engine No.2 is overheating, probably due to bird ingestion on take-offRequest priority landing .二发超温，可能是起飞时进了鸟，请求优先落地。
3. No. 4 engine flameout after take-off, Request to return to land with one inoperative.起飞后第四发动机熄火，请求一发失效返航着陆。
航空发动机常用汉英词汇
汉英分类词汇航空发动机类型Aero-E ngine Models超高涵比发动机ultra high bypass engine超音速冲压喷气发动机scramjet engine冲压喷气发动机ram-jet engine带推力转向系统的发动机engine with thrust deflector system带自由涡轮双轴涡轮轴喷气发动机twi n-spool turbo-shaft with free-power turbi ne单轴涡轮喷气发动机sin gle-spoolturbo-jet engine低涵比发动机low bypass turbofa n 反向旋转发动机con tra-rotati on engine高涵比发动机high bypass turbofa n 后风扇涡轮喷气发动机aft fan turbo-jet engine活塞式发动机pist on (-a nd-cyli nder) engine // pist on-drive n engine桨扇发动机prop-fa n engine离心涡轮喷气发动机ce ntrifugal turbo-jet engine脉冲喷气发动机pulse jet engine前风扇涡轮喷气发动机front fan turbo-jet engine燃气轮机gas turb ine engine三轴桨扇发动机three-shaft prop-fa n engine三轴涡轮前风扇涡轮发动机triple-spool front fan turbo-jet双轴外涵涡轮喷气发动机twi n-spool by-pass turbo-jet双轴涡轮风扇发动机twi n-spool turbo-fan engine同向旋转发动机co-rotatio n engine 夕卜骨架发动机exo-skeletal engine涡轮冲压喷气发动机turbo/ram jet engine涡轮风扇发动机turbofa n engine涡轮火箭发动机turbo-rocket engine 涡轮螺旋桨发动机turboprop en gi ne 涡轮喷气发动机turbojet engine涡轮轴发动机turbo-shaft engine轴流涡轮喷气发动机axial flow turbo-jet engine型面profile型面座标图aerofoil ordin ate chart 型式form轴流式压气机axial (flow) compressor函道duct函道比by-pass函道风扇ducted-fa n中介机匣in termediate case燕尾形样dovetail root叶片vane (—般指静子叶片)压气机compressor压气机机匣compressor case效率efficie ncy 压气机盘compressor disc压缩比compressi on ratio 牙底root 涡轮导向器turbi ne no zzle涡轮盘turb ine disc 燃烧室bur ner // combustio n chamber //combustor燃烧室外套combusti on outer case燃油导管discharge no zzle燃油滤fuel filter燃油喷咀fuel atomizer // fuel spray no zzle 燃油消耗量fuel con sumpti on火焰筒liner扩散器机匣diffuse case 加力燃烧室afterburner航空发动机叶片术语Terms of Aero-E ngine Airfoils叶片类型Type of Airfoils动叶blade // bucket静叶vane空心叶片hollow blade // core blade实心叶片solid blade涡轮导向器turbi ne no zzles涡轮导向器扇形段turbi ne no zzle segme nt 涡轮导向器叶片turbi ne no zzle vane // no zzle guide vane (n gv)涡轮工作叶片turbi ne blade // bucket涡轮静子叶片turbi ne no zzle vane // no zzle guide vane (n gv) 涡轮叶轮turbi ne wheel 涡轮叶片turb ine blades & vanes // buckets 涡轮转子叶片turbi ne blade // bucket压气机定子叶片compressor vane // vane压气机工作叶片compressor blade // blade 压气机叶轮compressor impeller //compressor wheel压气机叶片compressor blades & vanes压气机整流叶片compressor vane // vane压气机转子叶片compressor blade // blade叶片的结构特点Characteristics of Airfoil Structure 基体部分base榫头tip // cog // fir-tree // root // tenon 叶根blade root // root // vane tang 叶冠shroud // tip platform // tip shroud 叶身blade body 叶型部分aerofoil // profile缘板platform // shroud叶片的主要名称Key Terms of Airfoil Body基体base 进气边/前缘leadi ng edge 理论叶型theoretical developedairfoil/profile 排气边/ 后缘traili ng edge // exhaust edge 弦chord 型线airfoil curve 叶背blade back // con vex side // blade convex叶盆blade bas in // vane bas in // blade/va ne concave叶片阻尼台blade damper // clapper // mid-spa n叶身blade body叶型公差airfoil tolera nee叶型理论airfoil theory叶型剖面airfoil secti on中弧线airfoil mean line工装Tooli ng标准件master piece // sta ndard part // tool master标准块master block // refere nee block 测具gauge // measuri ng fixture //measuri ng tool测头feeler // gauge head measuri ng head // stylus车床夹具lathe fixture车刀lathe tool// cutter// turni ng tool 吊具lifti ng tool夹具fixture饺孔夹具reaming fixture // reaming jig孑L位置度测具h ole true positi on gauge拉刀broach (Bro.) // broach ing cutter 拉削夹具broachi ng fixture刨削夹具pla nner fixture钳工工具ben ch-work tool 丝套in sert // thread in sert丝锥taper // (screwing) tap镗刀bori ng cutter 镗杆bori ng bar (B/bar) // bori ng spin dle 镗孔夹具bori ng fixture // bori ng jig铣槽工具grooving tool铣床夹具milli ng jig铣床铣槽刀milli ng machi ne // miller 铣铣槽刀刀milli ng cutter // milli ng tool铣削夹具milli ng fixture钻铰刀drill reamer 钻铰复合刀具comb ined drill and reamer钻具jig 钻孔铰孔夹具drilli ng and tapp ing fixture 钻孔样板drill template (DRT) // drillingtemplate钻模(drill) jig钻模板drill plate (DRP) 钻模与夹具jigs and fixtures 钻套jig bush 钻套jig bush( ing)¥ 占头b it // drill // drilli ng bit机械加工术语Terms for Machi ning半精加工semi-fi ni shi ng // semifi ni shi ng machi ning插slotti ng 车turni ng 车床lathe// turni ng machi ne 车床研磨lathe lapp ing车端面facing车螺纹thread tur ning车螺纹/螺纹加工thread/threadi ng车肖U turni ng车削螺纹cut thread成形法formi ng冲头bla nking ram // piercer // punch // ram head // slider冲压(pun ch) press ing冲压加工stampi ng冲压件press ing //stamp ing 穿孑L / 套孑L trepa n/trepa nning 粗加工rough ing machi ning锉file 倒角deburr // chamfer 倒角/去毛刺deburr(i ng)倒棱chamfer 电解抛光electrochemical polishi ng //electrolytic polish ing // electro-polishi ng 电解蚀刻与抛光electrolytic etchi ng and polish ing调整法machi ning on preset mach ine tool 定位locat ing // locati on对刀to size // tool sett ing仿形法copy ing夹紧clampi ng饺reami ng饺孑L reaming饺孔机reaming machi ne饺孔钻reamer drill饺铆钉孑L r eam a rivet hole精加工fin ishi ng // fin ish machi ning锯saw ing锯背back of the saw锯槽kerf锯齿serrati on锯齿铣sawtooth milli ng拉肖U broachi ng 冷装shri nkage fitt ing 铆rivet(i ng) 铆钉rivet磨床grind // grinding machi ne磨端面face grinding磨料abraser // abrasive material // grinding compo und磨削加工abrasive machi ning抛polish抛光buffi ng // burni ng // polish (Pol.)刨pla ning// shaperi ng刨槽fillister // slot shap ing刨齿gear shaper cutt ing // gear-shap ing 刨床pla ner // pla ning mach ine// shaper 刨肖U shap ing去毛刺deburri ng // fin cutt ing镗bori ng镗车两用机床bori ng lathe镗床borer // bori ng mach ine镗孑L bori ng // boriz ing (金冈H石)镗磨联合机床comb ined bori ng and honing mach ine镗钻两用机床bori ng and drilli ng mach ine 铣mill // milli ng铣槽slot milli ng铣镗床milli ng-borer // milli ng and bori ng mach ine铣钻联合机床comb ined drill and mill mach ine铣钻两用机床milli ng and drilli ng mach ine 旋spi n旋锻spi n forgi ng // rotary forgi ng // rotaryswagi ng旋锻机spi n forgi ng mach ine // rotary forgi ng mach ine // rotary swagi ng mach ine 旋压spinning旋压成型stretch pla nishi ng // spi n formi ng 压装press fitt ing研lapp ing研齿gear lapp ing研磨lapp ing找正alig ning // to cen ter alig n装夹set-up装酉己assembly钻drill(i ng)钻床drilli ng mach ine钻孔drilli ng钻埋头孑L coun ters ink表面处理(镀层、涂漆和金属喷镀)Surface treatme nt(Plating , Paining & Metal sparying )涂层不良imperfectly coated spots涂层过厚thicke ning涂层凸起lifti ng of the coat ing, protrusi on, or lifting冲压Punch尺寸检验dime nsion in spect ing基准datum技术条件tech ni cal con diti on力卩工fabricate 夹clampi ng 夹紧面clampi ng surface 夹具fixture 钻孔drill 钻头drill 图纸及工艺规程常用词汇EverydayVocabularies on Worki ng Draw ings &W.P.S尺scale 尺寸dime nsion // size 尺寸单向极限si ngle of size尺寸过大oversize尺寸过小un dersize尺寸极限limit of size尺寸最大极限maximum of size尺寸最大余量极限maximum metal of size 尺寸最小极限mi nimum of size齿根root 处理treatme nt吹砂blast // abrasive blasti ng 垂直度perpe ndicularity // square ness垂直度公差square ness tolera nee单位燃油消耗量specific fuel con sumpti on 单位压力unit pressure单位装配件assembly unit单向公差un ilateral tolera nee 单向公差域bilateral tolera nee zone氮化n itrid ing 当量equivale nt 挡块stop 刀柄holder 刀杆cutter bar 刀痕scar // tool mark 等离子喷镀plasma spray等值equivale nt低压压气机LP compressor地面试车ground run典型加工typical operatio n防锈rust protect ion // rust proof 仿形copy仿形铣床copy ing milli ng mach ine // duplicator仿型加工form machi ne高速钢high speed steel 高速工具钢high speed tool steel高温合金high temperature alloy高压压气机HP compressor根root 根切un dercut 公差tolera nee 公差带tolera nee band公称尺寸nominal size功能fun cti on 功能尺寸function dime nsion 功能要求functional requireme nt构造尺寸eon structi onal dime nsion固定faste n 固定工具faste ning tool故障defect // blemish // failure // fault // imperfectio n // trouble 故障分析trouble shoot ing 关键零件critical part观点view 过盈in terfere nee 过盈配合i n terfere nee fit过载overload 互换性in tercha ngeability互换性组件in tercha ngeable assembly花键spli ned shaft 花键轴spli ned shaft火裂fire cracks 机床machi ne (tool) 机匣case // cas ing基本尺寸base dimension // basic size基本公差basic tolera nee基本数basic member 基本锥体basic taper 基孔希9 h ole basis limit system基线basic line 基轴制shaft basis 基轴制shaft basis limit system 基准data // refere nee 基准尺寸datum dime nsion基准点datum point基准件basic member 基准角basic an gle 基准面datum face // datum pla ne 基准线datum line // zero line 基准叶片master vane 几何公差geometrical tolera nee几何精度accuracy geometrical力卩工制造f abricate夹紧faste ning 夹具clampi ng apparatus // dogg ing tool // fixture // holdi ng device // jig 检验装置checker节径pitch diameter 精度accuracy // precisi on 精锻precisi on forgi ng 精加工fini shi ng 精磨precisi on ground 精确长度exact len gth精调fine adjustme nt // accurate adjustme nt //precisi on adjustme nt孑L bore // hole框flame拉床broacher // broach ing mach ine 拉刀broacher 拉销broach离心式压气机cen trifugal compressor离心铸造cen trispum casti ng iron立式车床vertical lathe立式钻床upright drill螺母nut 螺栓bolt名义尺寸base size // nominal size内径inner diameter 内裂in ternal crack内外函发动机by-pass engine内应力in ternal stress 内圆磨床in ternal grinding machi ne耐磨性resista nee to wear耐热钢heat resisti ng steel耐热合金heat-resist ing啮合mesh 啮合线acti on line扭转twisti ng 排气边traili ng edge排气喷口exhaust no zzle盘disc抛光polish ing 抛光机polisher // bur nishing wheel 刨平pla ne 泡疤blister配合fit // match ing // mat ing 配己合等级classes of fit // grade of fit配合间隙class of fit配合类型types of fit配合容差fitti ng allowa nee配合直径snap diameter酉己合制system of fits配件mati ng piece 喷口no zzle喷丸pee ning // shot-blasti ng喷丸处理shot pee ning喷雾器atomizer 喷嘴nozzle 批生产mass producti on 疲劳断裂fatigue fracture匹配matchi ng片sheet 偏心的ecce ntric偏心距ecce ntric dista nee 偏心轮ecce ntric 偏心套ecce ntric bush ing 偏心轴ecce ntric axis 偏心装置ecce ntric偏移deviati on漆pai nt 切断part ing切面cutt ing切切削深度depth of cut 切头cropp ing切削cut 切削工具c utter切削加工machi ning轻合金light alloy 轻微的slight 清楚的clear 清理clea ning 清漆层不好poorly varni shed film区域zone 曲度curve 曲面curved surface 曲线curve屈服yield 屈服点yield point 屈服强度yield stre ngth屈服应力proof stress // yield stress缺口敏感性n otch sen sitivity缺陷blemish // defect // failure // fault // imperfectio n热脆性red short ness 热裂hot crack 热裂纹cli nk 热损heat waste 容差allowa nee 熔化smelt (ing) 蠕变creep 设计desig n 设计草图rough pla n设计尺寸desig n size设计角desig n an gle伸长elon gati on 伸长率elon gati on失速stall (飞机) 湿吹砂vapour blast 时间表schedule 时效ag(e)i ng 时效处理seas oning 识别号ide ntificati on nu mber 实际尺寸actual size实际有效直径virtual effective diameter 式样form // manner 事故accide nt // failure 视图view 试车test run // trial run 试件test piece 试验exam ine // test 试验参数test data试样coup on // (test) sample // test specime n 试样长度sample释放release 手册manual 手段means 寿命limit of life 数nu mber 数据data 数量qua ntity 说明书descripti on // specificati on榫头root 调正adjustme nt 调质improveme nt跳动量runout 凸起overfill 凸台boss 凸缘collar // flange 图scheme 图板draw ing board 图号draw ing nu mber 图形机体feature 图样draft // draw ing 图纸draw ing (sheet) 图纸比例draw ing scale图纸技术要求drawi ng call-out 涂层不良imperfectly coated spots 涂层过厚thicke ning 涂层凸起lifti ng of the coat ing, protrusi on, or lifting 涂漆p ai nt推荐尺寸preferred size推力thrust 推力比thrust ratio 椭圆度ovality 夕卜部检查v isual in specti on夕卜函道b y-pass duct夕卜螺纹e xter nal screw thread外形outl ine夕卜圆磨床circular grinding mach ine 位置locati on位置公差positi onal tolera nee蜗杆worm 蜗轮work wheel 卧式钻镗床horiz on tal bori ng & drilli ng mach ine 误差error习惯表示法conven ti onal represe ntati on 铣床milli ng mach ine 铣刀milli ng 现场site // spot 相当的equivale nt相应值equivale nt消除应力stress relieved // stress released 消耗con sumpti on 销钉pin 销孑L bore // pin hole销子pin斜度an gularity （tolera nee）压板elamp （plate）氩弧焊argon-are weldi ng应变strain 应变时效strain age ing应力stress 应力腐蚀裂纹stress eorrosi on eraek应力消除stress relievi ng应力-应变曲线stress strain curve应力-应变图stress strain diagram圆度circularity // roundn ess 圆滑smooth ness 圆心een ter of circle 圆柱度eyli ndricity 直径diameter 希9度system 希9造manu faeture 质量quality 质量验收标准quality aeeepta nee sta ndard中心距een ter dista nee中心孑L e en ter hole轴shaft 轴承beari ng 轴线axis 轴线axis 主喷咀mai n no zzle铸造east ing 铸造组织east ing iron structure 专门技术kno w-how专门铣床pla no milli ng maeh ine专用工具special tool专用工装special tooli ng专用设备special purpose maeh ine专用铣床product ion maeh ine转换reset 转子叶片blade装备device 装夹mount装酉己assembly // mount装配车间assembli ng shop // assembly shop // erect ing shop // fitti ng shop装配间隙fit eleara nee装配件assembly 装配图assembly draw ing // erectiondraw ing装箱退火close ann eali ng装置device 锥齿轮bevel gear 锥度taper 锥螺纹tap er thread 锥面coni cal surface 锥体slow object // taper 总尺寸外形尺寸overall dime nsion总体布置图gen eral layout总装车间assembly departme nt总装件assembly // general assembly 总装图gen eral layout 组合件joi nt 组件assembly 组装件sub assembly 钻drill 钻床drill maeh ine 钻具jig 钻孔drill 钻套drill jig bush 钻头号drill nu mber 最大长度max len gth最大间隙major eleara nee最大推力full thrust // top thrust最大直径major diameter最小长度min len gth最小间隙minor eleara nee最小直径minor diameter缺陷解释In terpretati on of Defects凹陷un dereutti ng （在母材上沿焊接边的沟槽或充填不足）变形deformation （在加工时未能保持住形状不变或与相邻部有不顺滑转接）电解腐蚀electrolytic action （不同金属间的电蚀作用造成的缺陷）断裂fracture （受力过大造成的破坏）开裂flaw外贸常用词语和术语Everyday Vocabularies of Foreig n Trade询盘In quiry把某物交付给某人to deliver sth to sb把询价记录在卷to keep the in quiry on file 办理交货to effect delivery // to make delivery还盘Cou nter Offer还盘coun ter offer享有盛誉enjoy great popularity与某人达成交易con elude bus in ess with sb.达成交易close bus in ess // close a deal // close a tran sacti on // close a barga in价格Price成本加保险费运费价cost, i nsura nee & freight (C.I.F.)成本加运费价cost & freight (CFR)船上交货free on board (F.O.B)底价floor price货币curre ncy价格偏低on the low side价格条件price terms廉价出售 a barga in sale市场价market price讨价还价bargain为某事拼命讨价还价drive a hard bargain over sth.与某人成交make a barga in with sb最低价rock-bottom price。
航空发动机术语简介
航空发动机术语简介编号术语解释备注1 喘振压气机的一类气动失稳现象，由于气流分离导致的增压能力的丧失，产生周期性的倒流、解除分离、正常流动、分离、再倒流的循环过程。
可通过中间级放气、双转子自动防喘、可调静子叶片和导向叶片、采用处理机匣等方法来防喘。
2 痒振进气道处于深度超临界状态下，通道中的附面层与正激波相互作用形成的分离区具有强烈的脉动性质，其压力表现为高频周期性变化，从而引起管道中激波的高频振荡，这种不稳定流动现象称为痒振。
4 质量附加涡扇发动机将从热机中获取的有效能分配给了更多的工作介质，参与产生推力工质增多，因此推力增大；“同参数”使涡扇发动机在相同热效率条件下降低了排气速度，减小了余速损失，具有更高的推进效率，因此提高了总效率，降低了耗油率；B越大，速度越低、推力越大。
5 余速损失绝对坐标系中气流以绝对速度(C9﹣C0)排出发动机所带走的能量称为“余速损失”。
yusun6 能量分配原则为减少气流掺混引起的损失，在混合室进口两股气流总压应大致相等，即Pt5II=Pt5，风扇压比的选择要遵循能量最佳分配原则。
7 同参数“同参数”的不同类型发动机具有相同的热力循环和理想循环功，总增压比和涡轮前温度相同，且具有相同的空气流量和燃油流量。
8 推力矢量能够控制排出气流的方向使推力方向变化的尾喷管称为推力矢量尾喷管。
目前通常是通过机械方法使喷管管道转向以控制推力方向的。
shiliang9 几何可调几何可调尾喷管指尾喷管喉道面积可调节，由此来改变气流在涡轮和尾喷管中膨胀比的分配，即改变压气机和涡轮的共同工作点，实现对整个发动机工作状态的控制，带加力的发动机必须几何可调。
10 共同工作各部件组合成整台发动机，部件间的相互作用和影响称为“共同工作”，共同工作条件：质量流量平衡；压气机与涡轮功率平衡；压气机与涡轮物理转速相等；压力平衡。
压气机特性图上满足共同工作方程的点组成共同工作线。
gongzuoxian11 调节规律被控制参数随飞行条件、油门位置、大气条件的变化规律称为控制规律（或调节规律）。
(完整word版)航空发动机术语
Acceleration lag --in the turbine engine, delay between the time instant power is requested and when power is available. The time it takes the engine to accelerate and give the required power increase.Aerodynamic drag --force which thrust must overcome to move an aircraft forward. Design can lesson aerodynamic drag through streamlining. Drag increases with increased speed.Airbleed actuator --device that operates the interstage bleed system, to improve compressor acceleration characteristics by unloading small amounts of compressed air.Air density--total mass of air per given volume, the weight of a given volume of air. Air is denser at lower altitude, at lower temperature, and lower humidity.Airfoil profile --outline of an airfoil section.Airfoil section --cross section of an airfoil parallel to a specific reference plane.Air-fuel ratio --Ideal mixture of 15 parts of air to 1 part of fuel by weight; the mixture to be burned in the combustion chamber.Air inlet --large, smooth aluminum or magnesium duct at mouth of engine which conducts air into the compressor with minimum turbulence and restriction.Aluminum alloy --any of a variety of alloys formed by combining commercially pure aluminum with other metals or materials such as copper, silicon, manganese, magnesium, and zinc. These alloying agents maybe added singly or in combination to produce a metal with desired characteristics or strength, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and the like. Both wrought-and cast-aluminum alloys are widely used in the manufacture of rotor blades and aircraft propellers.Ambient --condition of atmosphere existing around the engine, such as ambient pressure or temperature.Annular combustion chamber --two-part combustion chamber made up of an annular liner and a housing assembly. The compressed air goes into a ring-shaped space formed by the annular liner around the turbine shaft rather than into individual combustion chambers. The space between the outer liner wall and the housing assembly allows the flow of cooling air. Used with axial-flow and dual compressors.Annular reverse-flow engine --type of gas turbine engine most commonly used in Army aircraft. Airflow direction is reversed in the combustion area.Anti-icing system --device that supplies hot air under pressure to prevent icing of the inlet housing areas and inlet guide vanes. Hot scavenged oil is also circulated through internal passages in the walls and struts.Army Spectrometric Oil Analysis Program (ASOAP) --periodic oil analysis for microscopic metal particles. This takes place at an oil analysis laboratory.Atmospheric pressure --barometric pressure exerted by the atmosphere as a result of gravitational attraction above the point in question.Atomizer --nozzle that creates minute particles and accurately shaped spray of fuel suitable for rapid mixing and combustion.Axial-flow compressor --one in which the air is compressed parallel to the axis of the engine. It is made up of a series of alternating rotor and stator vane stages.Bending --combination of tension and compression. The inside curve is under compression; the outside is under tension.Bleed system --device that unloads small amounts of air to relieve pressure.Boss --raised rim around a hole; e.g., axle hole in a wheel. Circular projection on a casting, usually serving as the seat for a bolt head or nut.Brayton cycle --constant pressure cycle, with four basic operations which it accomplishessimultaneously and continuously for an uninterrupted flow of power. The turbine engine operates on this cycle.Camber --the curvature of an airfoil's surfaces from the chord line. It maybe positive, negative, or zero.Can-annular combustion chamber --one with characteristics of both the annular types. It has an outer shell and a number of individual cylindrical liners.Can combustion chamber --one made up of individual combustion chambers in which the air from the compressor enters each individual chamber through the adapter.Center of pressure --aerodynamic center of an airfoil; the point where all forces act.Centrifugal axial-flow compressor --combination of the centrifugal-flow and the axial-flow compressor. It usually consists of a five-or seven-stage axial-flow compressor and one centrifugal-flow compressor. Also called the dual compressor.Centrifugal-flow compressor --one with an impeller (rotor), stator, and compressor manifold. The rotor revolves at high speed drawing air into the blades. Centrifugal force accelerates the air, and it moves through the stator and through the manifold.Centrifugal twisting movement --force that tends to streamline rotating blades with the plane of rotation.Choked nozzle --a nozzle whose flow rate has reached the speed of sound.Chord line --imaginary line drawn between the leading and trailing edges of an airfoil.Combustion --process of burning the fuel-air mixture in a gas turbine engine.Combustion chamber --part of a turbine engine in which the propulsive power is developed by combustion of the injected fuel and the expansive force of the resulting gases.Combustion chamber liner --engine part usually constructed of welded high-nickel steel, subjected to flame of extremely high temperature. It is behind the compressor and receives the compressed air which is mixed with fuel and ignited. The combustor is where the combustion takes place.Compressibility effects --the phenomenon encountered at extremely high speeds (near the speed of sound) when air ceases to flow smoothly over the wings (or blade) and piles up against the leading edge, causing extreme buffeting and other effects.Compressor --that section of an engine that produces an increase in air pressure. It is made up of rotating and stationary vane assemblies. It is the gas producer, or it may be thought of as an air pump.Compressor rotor --impeller, may be thought of as an air pump. It accelerates the air rearward into the first stage vane assemblies.Compressor stall --separation of the airflow from the suction surface of the freed or rotating blades of a compressor. Any degree of stall reduces airflow.Concave --pressure side of an airfoil.Conduction --transfer of heat through material by communication of kinetic energy from particle to particle rather than by a flow of heated material.Convergent area --place where the cross-sectional area of a duct becomes smaller.Convergent exhaust duct --duct used on fixed-wing aircraft; formed by tapering toward the rear of the duct.Convex --suction side of an airfoil.Crossover tube --duct carrying flame to the individual cylindrical liners of the can-annular combustion chamber.Diffuser --aft structural member of an engine. It receives high velocity air from the centrifugal impeller and decreases velocity and increases air pressure. In the combustor, a diffuser forms a divergent flow path for the exhaust gases.Diffusion --process by which gases intermingle as the result of their spontaneous movement caused by thermal agitation.Directional references --specific definitions of terms referring to gas turbine engines to identify front and rear, right and left, bottom and top.Divergent area --place where air flows from a smaller into a larger area.Divergent exhaust duct --used on helicopter. Device to diffuse the exhaust gases rearward and to eliminate thrust.Drag parasite --drag caused by any member or structure which does not contribute to lift, such as engine cowlings.Drag profile --friction resistance produced by a member moving through the air; in simple terms, the "stickness" of air against the surface of an airfoil.Dry-cleaning solvent --cleaning compound that maybe used for all metal parts.Dry-sump engine --one in which the oil is stored separate from the engine.Dual compressor --see centrifugal-flow, axial-flow compressor.Duplex nozzle --dual-orifice channel through which highly atomized and accurately shaped sprays of fuel go into the combustion chamber.Dynamic load --load on an aircraft due to a dynamic force.Effective angle of attack --that part of a given angle of attack that lies between the chord of an airfoil and a line representing the resultant velocity of the disturber airflow.End play --longitudinal back-and-forth play of a shaft.Engine airflow path --route of the airflow through the engine.Engine oil pressure indicating system --device that gives continuous readings of engine oil pump pressure in psi.Engine oil temperature indicating system --device electrically connected to the 28 VDC system which transmits temperature readings to the indicator in degrees centigrade.Engine speed notation --the capital letter N, which represents the rotational speed of the engine. When a number is placed after the N (as in "N1"), it indicates a specific system on the engine.Engine stations --specific locations on the engine designating temperature or pressure-measuring locations. For example, T3 means the third temperature pickup on the engine.Engine surge --result of compressor stall. The complete engine in stall.Exhaust --hot gases discharged from the engine through the exhaust diffuser section.Exhaust diffuser --section composed of an inner and outer housing, separated by hollow struts across the exhaust passage. It forms a divergent flow path for the exhaust gases.Exhaust gas temperature indicator --sensitive millivoltmeter calibrated in degree centigrade, activated by an electrical force generated by its thermocouple.Feedback --relay through the controls of aerodynamic forces exerted on the control surfaces and felt by the pilot.Fir tree mount --manner of attaching the blades to the disk in the turbine rotor assembly. The root ofthe blade where it is attached to the disk is shaped like a fir tree.Foreign object --any object such as a tool, piece of equipment, engine part (nut, bolt, lockwire) that could in any way damage the engine.Foreign object damage --commonly called FOD, harm or destruction to the turbine engine caused by foreign objects sucked into the inlet area of the engine with the required air.Forged --shaped by hammering. Only the malleable metals are worked successfully. The application of heat increases plasticity.Free-power turbine engine --the turbine engine used by the Army. Sixty percent of the energy produced by combustion is extracted by the gas producer turbine to drive the gas producer rotor. The rest of the energy is converted to shaft horsepower to drive the output shaft of the engine.Frictional loss --resistance to the relative motion of air flowing along a duct.Frontal area --front part of a gas turbine engine, smaller than that of a reciprocating engine, therefore producing less drag.Front of engine --end from which power is extracted. An exception is the T73 engine on the CH-54, in which the power is extracted at the end where the exhaust gas is expelled.Fuel-air ratio --see air-fuel ratio.Fuel atomizer --see atomizer.Fuel controls --devices to control fuel flow. They are usually hydromechanical and include speed governors, servo systems, valves, metering systems, and sensing pickups.Fuel divider --device that meters fuel to the engine nozzles according to a predetermined schedule of secondary flow versus primary flow.Fuel nozzle --device to inject fuel into the combustion chamber in a highly atomized and accurately shaped spray.Fuel pressure indicating system --device that gives continuous readings in psi of fuel pressure in the main fuel supply line.Gas producer--the compressor in a free-power turbine engine.Gas turbine engine --aircraft power plant that is adaptable for both airplanes and helicopters.Gerotor pump --modified gear-type pump with two moving parts, an inner toothed element and an outer toothed element. The inner one has one less tooth than the outer.Glow plug --device that consists of a heating element in a short conventional-looking spark plug.Ground angle --angle between the wing chord and the horizontal plane when the airplane is at rest on the ground.Heat exchanger --fuel-oil cooler, to help cool the oil. The exchanger is a cylindrical oil chamber surrounded by a jacket through which the fuel passes. Heat from the oil is transferred to the fuel by conduction.Hot start --overtemperature during starting.Hung start --failure to reach normal idling RPM during starting.Igniter plugs--spark plugs which function only during starting and cut out of the circuit as soon as combustion is self-supporting.Imbalance --uneven distribution of weight resulting in rotating parts being out of balance. Measured in inch-grams or inch-ounces.Impeller rotor --rotor in a compressor that revolves at high speed, drawing air into the blades.Induced angle of attack --that part of any given angle of attack in excess of the effective angle of attack.Induced drag --the part of the total dragon an airplane induced by the airflow about the lifting surfaces.Inlet guide vanes --devices positioned by the inlet guide vane actuator pilot valve. They are located in front of the first compressor rotor, and they control the angle of incidence of the inlet air, thus ensuring a compressor surge margin.Inlet housing assembly --forward structural support of the engine.Jam acceleration --rapid movement of the power lever, calling for maximum rate of rotor-speed increase.Jetcal analyzer --device used to check the exhaust gas temperature during periodic maintenance inspections or when abnormally high or low temperatures are noted.Jet propulsion --propulsion of a body by means of a jet or stream of gas, obtaining all or most if its thrust by reaction to the ejection of the combustion products (gas).Jet silencer --a device used to reduce and change the lower-frequency sound waves emitting from the engine's exhaust nozzle, and thus reducing the noise factor.Joule --unit of energy or work used in rating gas turbine ignition systems. A joule is equal to the amount of energy expended in one second by an electric current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm.Labyrinth seal --device for preventing leakage of gas on the gas generator shaft in a turbine. A labyrinth consists of a series of projections on the rotating element running in close contact with grooves on the stationary element.Maintenance allocation chart --chart in a -20 TM that assigns maintenance tasks to the lowest level capable of doing them, based on experience, skills, tools, and time available.Mean aerodynamic chord --chord of an assumed rectangular airfoil representing the mean chord of an actual airfoil.Metal fatigue--weakening of metal due to microscopic changes in molecular structures caused by vibration or exposure.Micron --one millionth of a meter.N1 system --gas producer.N2 system --power turbine and shaft.Nacelle --an enclosed shelter (cowling) on an aircraft for a power plant.Nozzle --channel through which gas is conveyed to the rotor vanes of a turbine. Its purpose is to convert pressure into velocity.Orifice --opening having a closed perimeter through which a fluid may discharge. It may be open to the atmosphere, or it may be partially or completely submerged in the discharged fluid.Otto cycle --a constant volume cycle, with four distinct operations performed intermittently. Reciprocating engines operate on this cycle.Outside air temperature --commonly abbreviated as OAT, the temperature of the air outside the engine.Overspeed --RPM in excess of design; 100 percent RPM.Overspeed governor, N2 --gearbox mounted on engine inlet housing and driven from the power shaft.Overspeed governor, fuel control --part of the torquemeter system, an individual pumping unit which, with the tachometer drive assembly, sets the torquemeter oil pressure.Overtemperature --temperature in excess of maximum allowable design temperature at the turbine exit.PD 680 --cleaning solvent for exterior of engine and its attached components.Planform --form or shape of an object, as of an airfoil, as seen in plan view or from above.Power --the rate of doing work; work per unit of time.Power-to-weight ratio --relationship between power and weight. Turbine engines produce more power for weight than reciprocating engines.Power turbine (N2) --turbine that is free and independent of the gas producer system. It develops rotational shaft power.Pressure oil system --method of supplying oil under pressure to engine parts.Pressure pumps --devices to put oil into the system.Pressurizing and drain dump valve --device to prevent flow of fuel to the nozzle until enough pressure is built up in the fuel control. One also drains the fuel manifold at engine shutdown and traps fuel in the upper portion of the system to keep the fuel control primed for faster starts.Primary air --air that mixes with fuel in the combustion chamber to form a combustible mixture. The ratio is 15 parts of air to 1 part of fuel.Radial inflow turbine --type of turbine made by some manufacturers, not used in any Army aircraft today,even though it is rugged and simple, relatively inexpensive, and easy to manufacture. Similar in design and construction to the centrifugal-flow compressor.Ram --the amount of pressure buildup above ambient pressure at the engine's compressor inlet due to the forward motion of the engine through the air (initial momentum of the air).Ram air pressure --free stream air pressure, provided by the forward motion of the engine,Ram ratio --the ratio of ram pressure to ambient pressure.Ram recovery --the ability of an engine's air inlet duct to take advantage of ram pressure.Rear of engine --end of engine from which exhaust gas is expelled.Reverse flow --change in direction of airflow in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine.Rotational direction --direction of movement of the rotating part, determined by viewing the engine from the rear.Rotational speed --speed at which a propeller, rotor, or some other rotating part rotates; measured in revolutions per minute.Scavenge oil system --method of returning oil from the engine to the oil tank for cooling and reuse.Scavenger pumps --those that drain oil from the sumps at various parts of the engine, return it through the oil cooler, and back to the oil tank.Scoring --multiple scratches, usually parallel and resulting from the same cause.Secondary air --large surplus of air that cools the hot sections of a gas turbine engine to lower temperatures.Shaft horsepower (SHP) --energy used to drive the compressor and accessories in a turbine engine.Shot peening --process used to work-harden metals.Shroud --device used with turbine rotor to prevent blade tip losses and excessive vibrations. The shrouded blades can be thinner than unprotected ones.Simplex nozzles --single-orifice channels through which highly atomized and accurately shaped sprays of fuel go into the combustion chamber.Solvent immersion --cleaning method in which parts are immersed in solvent to remove carbon, gum, grease, and other surface contaminants.Span --dimension of an airfoil from tip to tip or from root to tip.Spar --any principal structural member in an airfoil running from tip to tip or root to tip.Specific heat --the ratio of the thermal capacity of a substance to the thermal capacity of water.Speed governor --device to relieve the pilot from resetting the power lever when outside air temperature and pressure change. Consists of flyweights balanced by a spring.Splines --teeth in a gear.Stable operation --condition where no appreciable fluctuation, intentional or unintentional, is occurring to any of the engine's variables such as RPM, temperature, or pressure.Standard day conditions --59o F, sea level barometric pressure (29.92 inches of mercury).Static-balanced surface --surface that is in balance about its hinge axis.Stator --part of assembly that remains stationary with respect to a rotating part. Stator vanes are a stationary set of airfoils in a compressor.Stress --resultant condition of strain or pressure.Tachometer generator --device that supplies power at a frequency proportional to the driven speed which drives the synchronous motors in the indicator.TBO --time between overhauls. This is established by the Army and the engine manufacturer.Test cell --building, usually concrete, that contains both a control room and an engine room, used for testing engines. The test cell is at the manufacturer's; a mobile engine-test unit is used in the field.Thermodynamic cycle --succession of processes which involve changes in temperature, pressure, and density in which the substance acts as a means of transformation of energy. See Otto and Brayton cycles.Thrust --a reaction force in pounds.Thrust, gross --the thrust developed by the engine, not taking into consideration any presence of initial-air-mass momentum.Thrust, net --the effective thrust developed by the engine during flight, taking into consideration the initial momentum of the air mass prior to entering the influence of the engine.Thrust, reverser --a device used to partially reverse the flow of the engine's nozzle discharge gases and thus create a thrust force in the rearward direction.Thrust, specific fuel consumption --the fuel that the engine must burn per hour to generate 1 pound of thrust.Thrust, static --same as gross thrust without any initial airmass momentum present due to the engine's static condition.Torque --a force, multiplied by its lever arm, acting at right angles to an axis.Torquemeter --hydromechanical torque-measuring device located in the reduction-gear section of the inlet housing. The measurement is read as torque oil pressure in psi.Torquemeter indicating system --pressure indicator for continuous readings of engine output-shaft torque.Transient conditions --conditions which may occur briefly while accelerating or decelerating or while passing through a specific range of engine operation.Turbine nozzle --stationary nozzle which discharges a jet of gas against the blades on the periphery of a turbine wheel.Turbine rotor --rotating portion of a turbine engine. It is made of specially alloyed steel because of severe centrifugal loads, the result of high rotational speeds.Turbine section --part of the turbine engine that extracts the kinetic energy of the expanding gases and transforms it into shaft horsepower.Turbojet --engine most commonly used in high-speed, high-altitude aircraft.Vapor blasting --abrasive method used to clean combustor parts. Not to be used on ceramic, magnesium, painted, or aluminum surfaces.Vapor decreasing --cleaning method used on unpainted metal parts or aluminum-painted steel parts.Vaporizing tubes --devices used instead of fuel nozzles in a T53-L-11 engine.Variable inlet guide vanes --devices located in front of the first compressor rotor to guide the angle of incidence of the inlet air to the first compressor rotor.Vermatherm element--device which senses outlet fuel temperature and closes the core valve and opens the bypass valve.Vibration meter --device for measuring vibrations.飞机发动机术语英文缩写（部分）ADU auxiliary drive unit abs absoluteAC alternating current AGB accessory gearboxAPI American Petroleum Institute atm atmosphereBDC bottom dead center BHP brake horsepowerBTU British thermal unit c Celsius cal calibratedCDU central display unit cyl cylinderdb decibel DC direct currentECM electrochemical machining ECU electrical control unitEDM electric discharge machining EGT exhaust gas temperatureEPR engine pressure ratio ESHP equivalent shaft horsepowerF Fahrenheit FAT free air temperatureFOD foreign object damage ft-lb foot-poundfps foot per second GE General Electrichd head Hg mercuryHP horsepower HMU hydromechanical unithr hour HUD heads up displayHz Hertz in inchlb pound LDS load-demand spindleLH left-hand man manifoldMGT measured gas temperature microsec microsecondmin minute MPH miles per hourN north NATO North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOAT outside air temperature OD outside diameterODV overspeed and drain valve OEI one engine inoperativePAS power-available spindle PDU pilot display unitPRT power recovery turbine PRV pressure regulating valvepsi pounds per square inch psig pounds per square inch gagePT power turbine PTO power takeoffRAT ram air temperature res resistanceRH right-hand RPM revolutions per minutes south SAT static air temperatureSDC signal data converter SHP shaft horsepowerTAT total air temperature TC top centerTCP tricresyl phosphate TDC top dead centerTEL tetraethyl lead temp temperatureTGT turbine gas temperature TRQ torqueVG variable geometry VIDS vertical instrument display system vs versus wt weight。
航空发动机专业英语词汇大全，值得收藏！
航空发动机专业英语词汇大全，值得收藏！Part 1Para. 1gas turbine engine燃气涡轮发动机aircraft 飞机，飞行器（单复同形）power plant 发动机，动力装置appreciate 理解，意思到prior to 在…之前propulsion 推进reaction 反作用jet 喷气, 喷射, 喷气发动机designer 设计师initially 最初，开始时unsuitability 不适应性piston engine 活塞发动机airflow 空气流present 带来, 产生obstacle 障碍Para. 2patent 专利, 获得专利jet propulsionengine 喷气推进发动机athodyd 冲压式喷气发动机heat resistingmaterial 耐热材料develop 研究出，研制出in the secondplace 其次inefficient 效率底的ram jet, ramjet冲压式喷气发动机conception 构想, 设计，概念Para. 3grant 授予propulsive jet 推进喷射turbo-jet engine 涡轮喷气发动机turbojetturbo-propellerengine涡轮螺桨发动机turbopropVickers Viscountaircraft 维克斯子爵式飞机be fitted with 配备term 术语, 称为, 叫做twin-spool engine 双转子发动机triple-spoolengine三转子发动机by-pass engine 双涵道发动机ducted fan 涵道风扇发动机unducted fan (UDF)无涵道风扇发动机propfan 桨扇发动机inevitable 不可避免的, 必然的p.4propeller 螺旋桨basic principle 基本原理effect 产生propel 推进solely 单独, 只thrust 推力p.5popularly 普遍地, 一般地pulse jet 脉动式喷气发动机turbo/ram jet 涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turbo-rocket 涡轮火箭p.6accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度apparatus 装置, 机器slipstream 滑流p.7momentum 动量issue 冒出to impart M to N 把M给与N revolve 旋转p.8whirl 旋转sprinkler 喷水器mechanism 机构by [in] virtue of 依靠hose 软管afford 提供carnival 狂欢节p.9definitely 确切地, 明确地assume 想象, 以为expel 排出, 驱逐propulsiveefficiency 推进效率Page 3p.10differ 不同convert 转换p.11thermodynamic 热动力的divergent 扩散diverge 扩散convergent 收敛converge收敛entry 进气段exit 排气管kinetic energy 动能air intake 空气进口diverging duct 扩散管道outlet duct 排气管missile 导弹target vehicle 靶机p.12 intermittentcombustion 间断式燃烧aerodynamic 空气动力的involve 具有robust 结实的, 坚固的inlet valve 进气阀inject 喷入eject 喷出depression 降压, 减压exhaust 排气cycle 循环helicopter rotorpropulsion 直升飞机旋翼驱动器dispense with 省去, 无需resonate 共振resonating cycle 共振循环fuel consumption 燃油消耗equal 比得上performance 性能p.13decompose 分解p.14inherent 固有的draw 吸入p.15arrangement 结构simplicity 简单性subsequent 接下来的thermodynamic 热力的Page 7p.16disturbance 扰动blade-tip 叶尖departure from 背离p.17offset 抵消exceed 超过p.18Mach number 马赫数p.19variable intake 可变进口afterburning 加力燃烧variable nozzle 可调喷口conventional 常规的afterburner 加力燃烧室inoperative 不工作的divert 使转向guide vane 导流叶片duct 管道，用管道输送sustained 持续的cruise 巡航mode 模式p.21multi-stageturbine 多级涡轮derive 得到，取得kerosene, kerosine煤油be in the orderof…达到…的量级spray 喷雾fuel-rich mixture 富油混合物dilute 稀释surplus 剩余的p.22interceptor 截击机space-launcher 航天发射器altitude 高度attitude 态度、姿态latitude 纬度longitude 经度accelerative 加速的duration 持续时间Part2Para.1working fluid 工作流体conversion 转换jet efflux 喷射气流Para.2four-stroke pistonengine 四冲程活塞发动机constant pressure 等压constant volume 等容induction 进气compression 压缩intermittent 间断的be involved in…与…有关charging 进气eliminate 消除idle stroke 空冲程Para.3peak 峰, 峰值fluctuate,fluctuating 波动, 起伏withstand,withstood 承受in excess of 超过employ 采用cylinder 汽缸high octane fuel 高辛烷值燃料low octane fuel 低辛烷值燃料fabricated 装配式的Para.4function 运行, 运转introduce,introducing 输入remainder 剩余部分discharge 排出Para.5,6turbine assembly 涡轮部件air-cooled blade 气冷叶片consequently 随之而来的, 因此, 所以Para.7embody 体现be embodied in M 体现在M中be directlyproportional to…与…成正比be inversely proportional to…与…成反比Para.9trace 描绘show up 表现Para.10attain 达到, 实现conversely 相反地Para.11adiabatic 绝热的friction 摩擦conduction 传导turbulence 紊流Para.12propelling nozzle 推力喷管momentum 动量deceleration 减速Page 14Para.13effect 实现conversion 转换convert 转换sonic 音速的subsonic 亚音速的supersonic 超音速的encounter 遇到venturi 文氏管Para.14interference 干扰component failure 部件失效eddy 涡流turbulence 紊流Para.15frontal area 迎面面积straight-throughflow system 直流式系统reverse flowsystem 回流式系统subsequent 接下来的Para.17conventionally 常规地percentage 部分，百分比duct 管道，用管道输送remainder 剩余物deliver 送，流to be conducive to…有利于…specific fuelconsumption 燃油消耗率Para.18design feature 设计特征by-pass engine 双涵道发动机by-pass ratio 涵道比twin-spoolconfiguration 双转子结构propfan 桨扇发动机turbo-propeller 涡轮螺桨发动机Para.19by-pass airstream 外涵道气流overboard 向船外，排出ducted fan 涵道式风扇发动机aft fan 后风扇发动机Part 3Para.1centrifugal 离心的axial 轴流的couple 耦合，联接coupling 联轴器coupler联轴器shaft 轴Para.2centrifugal (flow)compressor 离心压气机impeller 叶轮diffuser 扩散器axial (flow)compressor 轴流压气机multi-stage unit 多级装置alternate 交替的rotor blade转子叶片stator vane 静子叶片diffuse 扩散boost 增压booster 增压器Para.3with regard to 关于robust 坚固，结实develop andmanufacture 设计与制造consume 消耗，使用attain 达到air flow 空气流量，空气流adoption 采用favour (Am. E favor) 喜爱，偏爱ruggedness坚固性rugged 坚固的outweigh 胜过，重于Fig. 3-1rotating guidevane 旋转导流叶片intake chute 进气斜道swirl vane 旋流叶片Para.5diffuser vane 扩散器叶片double-entry impeller双面进气叶轮plenum chamber 稳流室Para.6induce 吸入radially 径向地intake duct 进气管initial swirl 预旋Para.7divergent nozzle 扩散排气管tip speed 叶尖速度Para.9maintain 保持leakage 泄漏clearance 间隙Para.10construction 结构center around(about, at, in, on, round, upon)…以…为中心ball bearing 滚珠轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承split 分开detachment 拆开，分离Para.11forged 锻造的radially disposedvanes 径向排列的叶片in conjunctionwith…和…共同swept back 后掠Para.12attach 联接tangential 相切的inner edge 内缘in line with…与…一致buffeting impulse 扰流抖振脉冲rotor assembly 转子部件airfoilsection 翼型截面mount 安装bearing 轴承incorporate 安有，装有in series 依次地design condition 设计状态incorporation 引入，采用variable statorvane 可调静子叶片succeeding stage下一级Para. 14gradual reduction 逐渐减小annulus 环型stator casing 静子机匣maintain 保持density 密度convergence 收敛taper，tapering 带斜度，带锥度arrangement 结构Para. 16multi-spoolcompressor 多转子压气机optimum 最佳（的），最优（的）flexibility 适应性，灵活性Para. 17handle 处理duct 管道，用管道输送exhaust system 排气系统propelling nozzle 推力喷管match 使匹配obsolete 已不用but 除…….之外Para. 18trend 趋势stage 阶段, 级undergo 承受split 分开core 核心gas generator 燃气发生器optimumarrangement 最佳结构Para. 19induce 吸入，引入，引导sweep, swept 扫，猛推adjacent 相邻的translate 翻译，转换decelerate 减速serve 起……作用deflection 偏转straightener 整流器swirl 旋流diagrammatically 图示地accompany 伴随progressive 不断的，逐渐的Para. 20breakaway 分离stall 失速precede 在……前面Para. 21incidence 攻角tolerate 允许interstagebleed 级间放气intermediatestage 中间级Para. 22proportion 比例 pl. 尺寸, 大小coaxial 同轴的inner radius 内半径supercharge 增压akin 相似的Para.23to center around(round, on, upon, about, at, in)…以…为中心alignment 对中, 同心cylindrical 圆筒形的bolted axial joint轴向螺栓联接bolted center linejoint 中心线螺栓联接Para.24secure 固定assemble 装配weld 焊接periphery 边缘drum 鼓筒Para.25circumferential 周向的fixing 安装, 固定maintainability 维护性blisk 整体叶盘Para.26gradient 梯度balance out 抵消twist 扭angle of incidence攻角boundary layer 附面层, 边界层stagnant 滞止的compensate for 补偿camber 弯度extremity 端部end-bend 端弯Para.27retaining ring 保持环in segments 成组的shroud 叶冠Para.28dissimilar 不相似的, 不同的workable 可用的, 可运转的implement 实现, 执行, 完成retain 保持Para.29impose upon…强加于…之上depart from 偏离intention 意图positive incidencestall 正攻角失速negative incidencestall 负攻角失速blading 叶栅sustain 承受得住surge 喘振instantaneous 即刻的expel 排出margin 欲度instability 不稳定性Para. 30provision 提供margin 欲度hydraulic 液压的pneumatic 气动的electronic 电子的Para. 31cost effective 成本效益好的prevail 流行，胜利Para. 32rigid 刚性的clearance 间隙alloy 合金nickel based alloy镍基合金titanium 钛in preference to 优先于rigidity todensity ratio 刚度密度比Para. 33prime 主要的fatigue strength 疲劳强度notch 切口，开槽ingestion 吸气inferior 差的decline 下降rub 碰磨ignite 点燃airworthiness 飞行性能hazard 危险Para. 34dominate 起支配作用Para. 35solid forging 实锻件chord 弦mid-span 叶片中部snubber 减振器clapper 拍板fabricate 制造skin 蒙皮honeycomb 蜂窝Para. 36robust section 坚固截面ingestioncapability 吸气能力Part4Para.1fuel supply nozzle燃油喷嘴extensive 广泛的，大量的accomplish 完成Para.2range 范围C---Centigrade orCelsius turbine nozzle涡轮导向器Para.3consequent 随之发生的，结果的Para.4kerosene, cerosine煤油light, lit orlighted 点燃blow, blew，blown 吹alight 燃烧的Para.5flame tube 火焰筒liner 衬筒meter, metering 调节配量Para.6snout 进气锥体downstream 下游，顺流swirl vane 旋流叶片perforated flare 带孔的喇叭管primary combustionzone 主燃区upstream上游，逆流promote 促进，引起recirculation 环流，回流Para.7secondary air hole二股气流孔toroidal vortex 喇叭口形涡流anchor, anchoring 锚，固定hasten 促进，加速droplet 小滴ignitiontemperature 燃点Para.8conical 锥形的intersect 相交turbulence 紊流break up, breakingup 分裂，破碎incoming 进来的Para.9nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片amount to 占…比例, 达到progressively 逐渐地dilution zone 掺混区remainder 剩余物insulate M from N 使M与N隔离Para.10,11electric spark 电火花igniter plug 点火塞self-sustained 自持的Para.12airstream =airflowdistinct =different typeinjection 喷射，喷入ejection 喷射，喷出atomize 使雾化spray nozzle 喷嘴pre-vaporization 预蒸发Para.13vapor 蒸汽vaporize 蒸发vaporizer 蒸发器feed tube 供油管vaporizing tube 蒸发管atomizer flametube装有雾化喷嘴的火焰筒Para.14multiple(combustion) chamber 分管燃烧室tubo-annular(combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室cannular(combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室annular(combustion) chamber 环形燃烧室Para.15F.g.4-6Para.16dispose 布置delivery 排气Para.17interconnect 互相连通propagate传播Para.18bridge a gapbetween填补空白，使连接起来evolutionary 发展，演变arrangement 结构overhaul 大修compactness 紧凑性Para.19contain 包含，安装be open to 与…相通Para.20elimination 消除propagation 传播Para.21virtually 实际上oxidize 氧化carbon monoxide 一氧化碳non-toxic 无毒的carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Para.22aerate, aerating 吹气，供气over-rich pocket 过富区fuel vapour 燃油蒸汽carbon formation积碳形成Para.23incur 招致extinction 熄灭relight 重新点燃perform,performing 完成，执行spray nozzleatomizer 喷嘴雾化器Para.25intensity 强度compact 紧凑的exceptionally 格外地，特别地Para.26calorific value 热值British thermalunit (BTU)英国热量单位=252卡expenditure 使用，消耗Para.27altitude cruise 高空巡航Para.29weak limit 贫油极限rich limit 富油极限extinguish 熄灭extinguisher 灭火器dive 俯冲idle, idling 空载，慢速mixture strength 混合物浓度Para.30stability loop 稳定区Para.32emission 排放物pollutant污染物create 产生，形成legislatively 立法地hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物oxides of nitrogen氧化氮Para.34suppression 抑制desirable 合乎需要的conflict 冲突compromise 折中combustor 燃烧室substantially 实际上Para.35coating 涂层insulation 隔热，隔离Para.36corrosion 腐蚀creep failure 蠕变失效fatigue 疲劳Part5Para.1accessory,accessories 附件solely = onlyextract,extracting 提取to expose M to N 使M暴露于N M is exposed to NPara.2torque 扭矩Para.3intermediate 中间的interpose 置于…之间to be derivedfrom…从…获得, 取自free-power turbine自由动力涡轮to be independentof…不受…的限制Para.4mean 平均的deflection 偏转in proportion to 按比例sectionalthickness 截面厚度disproportionately不相称地Para.5broadly 主要地aerofoil shape 翼型形状impulse turbine 冲击式涡轮reaction turbine 反作用式涡轮incorporate 采用cartridge starter 弹药筒式起动机air starter 空气起动机Para.7to force one’s wayinto 有力地冲入spin 旋转whirl 旋转Para.8to be governed by 取决于, 由…决定substantially 实际上, 大体上excessive 过分的residual 剩余的，剩余detrimental =harmfulstrut 支柱, 支杆Para.9twist, twisted 带扭向的stagger angle 斜罩角Para.10mean section 中间截面Para.12self-aligningcoupling 自动调节联轴器Para.15machined forging 机加锻件flange 法兰，安装边bolt 螺栓，用螺栓联结perimeter 周边，圆周to have provisionfor…为…作好准备attachment 联接, 安装Para.16heat conduction 热传导Para.17degree of reaction反力度Para.18fix 确定, 决定,trailing edge 排气边so as to (do) 为了prevent M (from)+ingPara.19attach联接, 安装fixing 联接have a bearing on …对…有影响rim speed 轮缘速度de Laval bulb root圆头叶根supersede 代替, 取代fir-tree fixing 纵树榫头联接involve 需要, 要求serration 榫齿stiffen 加劲, 固牢Para.20contraction 收缩shroud 叶冠fit 配备, 安装segment 部分, 片peripheral 外围的, 周边的abradable lining 易磨涂层A.C.C. ---activeclearance control shroudless blade 无冠叶片Para.21revolve 旋转extract 提取conventional 常规的Para.22impractical 不实际的dual alloy disc 双金属轮盘blisk 整体叶轮cast 铸造bond 粘接Para.23match 匹配nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片back pressure 反压surge 喘振choke 壅塞，阻塞Para.24obstacle 障碍impart to…给与tensile stress 拉应力limiting factor 限制因素Para.25endure 承受nickel alloy 镍合金ceramic coating 陶瓷涂层enhance 增强Para.26resistance 抵抗，耐fatigue cracking 疲劳破坏Para.27ferritic 铁素体terrific 可怕的，极妙的austenitic 奥氏体alloying element 合金元素extend 延长fatigue resistance抗疲劳性powder metallurgy 粉末冶金Para.28in connection with关于，与…有关glowing red-hot 赤热发光ounce 盎施=28.35 gbending load 弯曲载荷thermal shock 热冲击corrosion 腐蚀oxidization 氧化Para.29foregoing 前面的, 上述的it follows that 因此, 可见permissible 允许的metallurgist 冶金学家Para.30creep 蠕变finite useful life有限使用寿命failure 失效Para.31forge 锻造forging 锻件cast 铸造creep property 蠕变性能fatigue property 疲劳性能Para.32reveal 揭示, 显示a myriad of 无数crystal 晶体equi-axed 等轴的service life 使用寿命directionalsolidification 定向凝固useful creep life 有效蠕变寿命single crystalblade 单晶叶片substantially 实质上, 显著地Para.33reinforced ceramic加固陶瓷Para.34balancing 平衡operation 工序in view of 考虑到Part 6Para.1aero 航空的pass 排送resultant thrust 合成推力，总推力create 引起，产生contribute 提供absorb 吸收exert an influenceon…对…产生影响jet pipe 尾喷管propelling nozzle 推力喷管outlet nozzle 出口喷管Para.2distortion 扭曲, 变形cracking 产生裂纹Para.3thrust reverser 推力反向装置noise suppressor 消音器entail 需要, 要求low by-pass engine低涵道比发动机mixer unit 掺混装置encourage 促进Para.4exhaust cone 排气锥hold 保持residual whirl 剩余旋流strut 支板straighten 整流Para.5in relation to…对…来说choked 壅塞, 阻塞upstream totalpressure 上游总压pressure thrust 压力推力momentum 动量Para.6wastage 损失, 消耗with advantage 有效地convergent-divergentnozzle 收扩喷管recover 重新获得Para.7flared 扩张的restriction 限制progressively 逐渐地longitudinal 纵向的Para.9fixed area nozzle 固定面积喷口variable areanozzle 可变面积喷口offset 抵消Para.13nickel 镍titanium 钛ventilate,ventilating 通风lag, lagging 用隔热材料保护insulating blanket隔热层fibrous 纤维状的stainless steel 不锈钢dimple 使起波纹acousticallyabsorbent material 吸声材料Para.14double-wallconstruction 双壁结构induce 引导ejector action 喷射器作用engine nacelle 发动机短舱Para.15streamline fairing流线型整流板vent hole 通气孔Para.16chute 斜道bonded honeycombstructure 粘接的蜂窝结构integrated nozzleassembly 整体喷管部件lightweightstrength 低重强度。
航空发动机常用汉英词汇
学而不思则惘，思而不学则殆汉英分类词汇航空发动机类型Aero-Engine Models超高涵比发动机ultra high bypass engine超音速冲压喷气发动机scramjet engine冲压喷气发动机ram-jet engine带推力转向系统的发动机engine with thrust deflector system带自由涡轮双轴涡轮轴喷气发动机twin-spool turbo-shaft with free-power turbine单轴涡轮喷气发动机single-spool turbo-jet engine低涵比发动机low bypass turbofan反向旋转发动机contra-rotation engine高涵比发动机high bypass turbofan后风扇涡轮喷气发动机aft fan turbo-jet engine 活塞式发动机piston(-and-cylinder) engine // piston-driven engine桨扇发动机prop-fan engine离心涡轮喷气发动机centrifugal turbo-jet engine 脉冲喷气发动机pulse jet engine前风扇涡轮喷气发动机front fan turbo-jet engine 燃气轮机gas turbine engine三轴桨扇发动机three-shaft prop-fan engine三轴涡轮前风扇涡轮发动机triple-spool front fan turbo-jet双轴外涵涡轮喷气发动机twin-spool by-pass turbo-jet双轴涡轮风扇发动机twin-spool turbo-fan engine 同向旋转发动机co-rotation engine外骨架发动机exo-skeletal engine涡轮冲压喷气发动机turbo/ram jet engine涡轮风扇发动机turbofan engine涡轮火箭发动机turbo-rocket engine涡轮螺旋桨发动机turboprop engine涡轮喷气发动机turbojet engine涡轮轴发动机turbo-shaft engine轴流涡轮喷气发动机axial flow turbo-jet engine 型面profile型面座标图aerofoil ordinate chart型式form轴流式压气机axial (flow) compressor函道duct函道比by-pass函道风扇ducted-fan中介机匣intermediate case燕尾形样dovetail root叶片vane（一般指静子叶片）压气机compressor压气机机匣compressor case 效率efficiency压气机盘compressor disc压缩比compression ratio牙底root涡轮导向器turbine nozzle涡轮盘turbine disc燃烧室burner // combustion chamber // combustor燃烧室外套combustion outer case燃油导管discharge nozzle燃油滤fuel filter燃油喷咀fuel atomizer // fuel spray nozzle燃油消耗量fuel consumption火焰筒liner扩散器机匣diffuse case加力燃烧室afterburner航空发动机叶片术语Terms of Aero-Engine Airfoils叶片类型Type of Airfoils动叶blade // bucket静叶vane空心叶片hollow blade // core blade实心叶片solid blade涡轮导向器turbine nozzles涡轮导向器扇形段turbine nozzle segment涡轮导向器叶片turbine nozzle vane // nozzle guide vane (ngv)涡轮工作叶片turbine blade // bucket涡轮静子叶片turbine nozzle vane // nozzle guide vane (ngv)涡轮叶轮turbine wheel涡轮叶片turbine blades & vanes // buckets涡轮转子叶片turbine blade // bucket压气机定子叶片compressor vane // vane压气机工作叶片compressor blade // blade压气机叶轮compressor impeller // compressor wheel压气机叶片compressor blades & vanes压气机整流叶片compressor vane // vane压气机转子叶片compressor blade // blade叶片的结构特点Characteristics of Airfoil Structure基体部分base榫头tip // cog // fir-tree // root // tenon叶根blade root // root // vane tang叶冠shroud // tip platform // tip shroud叶身blade body叶型部分aerofoil // profile缘板platform // shroud叶片的主要名称Key Terms of Airfoil Body基体base进气边/前缘leading edge理论叶型theoretical developed airfoil/profile排气边/后缘trailing edge // exhaust edge弦chord型线airfoil curve叶背blade back // convex side // blade convex叶盆blade basin // vane basin // blade/vane concave叶片阻尼台blade damper // clapper // mid-span 叶身blade body叶型公差airfoil tolerance叶型理论airfoil theory叶型剖面airfoil section中弧线airfoil mean line工装Tooling标准件master piece // standard part // tool master 标准块master block // reference block测具gauge // measuring fixture // measuring tool 测头feeler // gauge head measuring head // stylus 车床夹具lathe fixture车刀lathe tool// cutter// turning tool吊具lifting tool夹具fixture饺孔夹具reaming fixture // reaming jig孔位置度测具hole true position gauge拉刀broach (Bro.) // broaching cutter拉削夹具broaching fixture刨削夹具planner fixture钳工工具bench-work tool丝套insert // thread insert丝锥taper // (screwing）tap镗刀boring cutter镗杆boring bar (B/bar) // boring spindle镗孔夹具boring fixture // boring jig铣槽工具grooving tool铣床夹具milling jig铣床铣槽刀milling machine // miller铣铣槽刀刀milling cutter // milling tool铣削夹具milling fixture钻铰刀drill reamer 钻铰复合刀具combined drill and reamer钻具jig钻孔铰孔夹具drilling and tapping fixture钻孔样板drill template （DRT）// drilling template钻模(drill) jig钻模板drill plate （DRP）钻模与夹具jigs and fixtures钻套jig bush钻套jig bush(ing)钻头bit // drill // drilling bit机械加工术语Terms for Machining半精加工semi-finishing // semifinishing machining插slotting车turning车床lathe// turning machine车床研磨lathe lapping车端面facing车螺纹thread turning车螺纹/螺纹加工thread/threading车削turning车削螺纹cut thread成形法forming冲头blanking ram // piercer // punch // ram head // slider冲压(punch) pressing冲压加工stamping冲压件pressing //stamping穿孔/套孔trepan/trepanning粗加工roughing machining锉file倒角deburr // chamfer倒角/去毛刺deburr(ing)倒棱chamfer电解抛光electrochemical polishing // electrolytic polishing // electro-polishing电解蚀刻与抛光electrolytic etching and polishing调整法machining on preset machine tool定位locating // location对刀to size // tool setting仿形法copying夹紧clamping饺reaming饺孔reaming饺孔机reaming machine饺孔钻reamer drill饺铆钉孔ream a rivet hole精加工finishing // finish machining锯sawing锯背back of the saw锯槽kerf锯齿serration锯齿铣sawtooth milling拉削broaching冷装shrinkage fitting铆rivet(ing)铆钉rivet磨床grind // grinding machine磨端面face grinding磨料abraser // abrasive material // grinding compound磨削加工abrasive machining抛polish抛光buffing // burning // polish (Pol.)刨planing// shapering刨槽fillister // slot shaping刨齿gear shaper cutting // gear-shaping刨床planer // planing machine// shaper刨削shaping去毛刺deburring // fin cutting镗boring镗车两用机床boring lathe镗床borer // boring machine镗孔boring // borizing （金刚石）镗磨联合机床combined boring and honing machine镗钻两用机床boring and drilling machine铣mill // milling铣槽slot milling铣镗床milling-borer // milling and boring machine铣钻联合机床combined drill and mill machine铣钻两用机床milling and drilling machine旋spin旋锻spin forging // rotary forging // rotary swaging旋锻机spin forging machine // rotary forging machine // rotary swaging machine旋压spinning旋压成型stretch planishing // spin forming压装press fitting研lapping研齿gear lapping研磨lapping找正aligning // to center align装夹set-up装配assembly钻drill(ing)钻床drilling machine钻孔drilling钻埋头孔countersink表面处理（镀层、涂漆和金属喷镀）Surface treatment （Plating，Paining & Metal sparying）涂层不良imperfectly coated spots涂层过厚thickening涂层凸起lifting of the coating, protrusion, or lifting冲压Punch尺寸检验dimension inspecting基准datum技术条件technical condition加工fabricate夹clamping夹紧面clamping surface夹具fixture钻孔drill钻头drill图纸及工艺规程常用词汇EverydayVocabularies on Working Drawings &W.P.S尺scale尺寸dimension // size尺寸单向极限single of size尺寸过大oversize尺寸过小undersize尺寸极限limit of size尺寸最大极限maximum of size尺寸最大余量极限maximum metal of size尺寸最小极限minimum of size齿根root处理treatment吹砂blast // abrasive blasting垂直度perpendicularity // squareness垂直度公差squareness tolerance单位燃油消耗量specific fuel consumption单位压力unit pressure单位装配件assembly unit单向公差unilateral tolerance单向公差域bilateral tolerance zone氮化nitriding当量equivalent挡块stop刀柄holder刀杆cutter bar刀痕scar // tool mark等离子喷镀plasma spray等值equivalent低压压气机LP compressor地面试车ground run典型加工typical operation防锈rust protection // rust proof仿形copy仿形铣床copying milling machine // duplicator 仿型加工form machine高速钢high speed steel高速工具钢high speed tool steel高温合金high temperature alloy高压压气机HP compressor根root根切undercut公差tolerance公差带tolerance band公称尺寸nominal size功能function功能尺寸function dimension功能要求functional requirement构造尺寸constructional dimension固定fasten固定工具fastening tool故障defect // blemish // failure // fault // imperfection // trouble故障分析trouble shooting关键零件critical part观点view过盈interference过盈配合interference fit过载overload互换性interchangeability互换性组件interchangeable assembly花键splined shaft花键轴splined shaft火裂fire cracks机床machine (tool)机匣case // casing基本尺寸base dimension // basic size基本公差basic tolerance基本数basic member基本锥体basic taper基孔制hole basis limit system基线basic line基轴制shaft basis基轴制shaft basis limit system基准data // reference基准尺寸datum dimension基准点datum point基准件basic member 基准角basic angle基准面datum face // datum plane基准线datum line // zero line基准叶片master vane几何公差geometrical tolerance几何精度accuracy geometrical加工制造fabricate夹紧fastening夹具clamping apparatus // dogging tool // fixture // holding device // jig检验装置checker节径pitch diameter精度accuracy // precision精锻precision forging精加工finishing精磨precision ground精确长度exact length精调fine adjustment // accurate adjustment //precision adjustment孔bore // hole框flame拉床broacher // broaching machine拉刀broacher拉销broach离心式压气机centrifugal compressor离心铸造centrispum casting iron立式车床vertical lathe立式钻床upright drill螺母nut螺栓bolt名义尺寸base size // nominal size内径inner diameter内裂internal crack内外函发动机by-pass engine内应力internal stress内圆磨床internal grinding machine耐磨性resistance to wear耐热钢heat resisting steel耐热合金heat-resisting啮合mesh啮合线action line扭转twisting排气边trailing edge排气喷口exhaust nozzle盘disc抛光polishing抛光机polisher // burnishing wheel刨平plane泡疤blister配合fit // matching // mating配合等级classes of fit // grade of fit配合间隙class of fit配合类型types of fit配合容差fitting allowance配合直径snap diameter配合制system of fits配件mating piece喷口nozzle喷丸peening // shot-blasting喷丸处理shot peening喷雾器atomizer喷嘴nozzle批生产mass production疲劳断裂fatigue fracture匹配matching片sheet偏心的eccentric偏心距eccentric distance偏心轮eccentric偏心套eccentric bushing偏心轴eccentric axis偏心装置eccentric偏移deviation漆paint切断parting切面cutting切切削深度depth of cut切头cropping切削cut切削工具cutter切削加工machining轻合金light alloy轻微的slight清楚的clear清理cleaning清漆层不好poorly varnished film区域zone曲度curve曲面curved surface曲线curve屈服yield屈服点yield point屈服强度yield strength屈服应力proof stress // yield stress缺口敏感性notch sensitivity缺陷blemish // defect // failure // fault // imperfection热脆性red shortness热裂hot crack热裂纹clink热损heat waste容差allowance熔化smelt (ing)蠕变creep 设计design设计草图rough plan设计尺寸design size设计角design angle伸长elongation伸长率elongation失速stall（飞机）湿吹砂vapour blast时间表schedule时效ag(e)ing时效处理seasoning识别号identification number实际尺寸actual size实际有效直径virtual effective diameter式样form // manner事故accident // failure视图view试车test run // trial run试件test piece试验examine // test试验参数test data试样coupon // (test) sample // test specimen试样长度sample释放release手册manual手段means寿命limit of life数number数据data数量quantity说明书description // specification榫头root调正adjustment调质improvement跳动量runout凸起overfill凸台boss凸缘collar // flange图scheme图板drawing board图号drawing number图形机体feature图样draft // drawing图纸drawing (sheet)图纸比例drawing scale图纸技术要求drawing call-out涂层不良imperfectly coated spots涂层过厚thickening涂层凸起lifting of the coating, protrusion, or lifting涂漆paint推荐尺寸preferred size推力thrust推力比thrust ratio椭圆度ovality外部检查visual inspection外函道by-pass duct外螺纹external screw thread外形outline外圆磨床circular grinding machine位置location位置公差positional tolerance蜗杆worm蜗轮work wheel卧式钻镗床horizontal boring & drilling machine 误差error习惯表示法conventional representation铣床milling machine铣刀milling现场site // spot相当的equivalent相应值equivalent消除应力stress relieved // stress released消耗consumption销钉pin销孔bore // pin hole销子pin斜度angularity (tolerance)压板clamp (plate)氩弧焊argon-arc welding应变strain应变时效strain ageing应力stress应力腐蚀裂纹stress corrosion crack应力消除stress relieving应力-应变曲线stress strain curve应力-应变图stress strain diagram圆度circularity // roundness圆滑smoothness圆心center of circle圆柱度cylindricity直径diameter制度system制造manufacture质量quality质量验收标准quality acceptance standard中心距center distance中心孔center hole轴shaft轴承bearing轴线axis轴线axis主喷咀main nozzle 铸造casting铸造组织casting iron structure专门技术know-how专门铣床planomilling machine专用工具special tool专用工装special tooling专用设备special purpose machine专用铣床production machine转换reset转子叶片blade装备device装夹mount装配assembly // mount装配车间assembling shop // assembly shop // erecting shop // fitting shop装配间隙fit clearance装配件assembly装配图assembly drawing // erection drawing装箱退火close annealing装置device锥齿轮bevel gear锥度taper锥螺纹taper thread锥面conical surface锥体slow object // taper总尺寸外形尺寸overall dimension总体布置图general layout总装车间assembly department总装件assembly // general assembly总装图general layout组合件joint组件assembly组装件sub assembly钻drill钻床drill machine钻具jig钻孔drill钻套drill jig bush钻头号drill number最大长度max length最大间隙major clearance最大推力full thrust // top thrust最大直径major diameter最小长度min length最小间隙minor clearance最小直径minor diameter缺陷解释Interpretation of Defects凹陷undercutting （在母材上沿焊接边的沟槽或充填不足）变形deformation （在加工时未能保持住形状不变或与相邻部有不顺滑转接）电解腐蚀electrolytic action（不同金属间的电蚀作用造成的缺陷）断裂fracture（受力过大造成的破坏）开裂flaw外贸常用词语和术语Everyday Vocabularies of Foreign Trade询盘Inquiry把某物交付给某人to deliver sth to sb把询价记录在卷to keep the inquiry on file办理交货to effect delivery // to make delivery还盘Counter Offer还盘counter offer享有盛誉enjoy great popularity与某人达成交易conclude business with sb. 达成交易close business // close a deal // close a transaction // close a bargain价格Price成本加保险费运费价cost, insurance & freight (C.I.F.)成本加运费价cost & freight (CFR)船上交货free on board (F.O.B)底价floor price货币currency价格偏低on the low side价格条件price terms廉价出售 a bargain sale市场价market price讨价还价bargain为某事拼命讨价还价drive a hard bargain over sth.与某人成交make a bargain with sb最低价rock-bottom price学而不思则惘，思而不学则殆。
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航空发动机专业词汇Part 1Para. 1gas turbine engine 燃气涡轮发动机aircraft 飞机，飞行器（单复同形）power plant 发动机，动力装置appreciate 理解，意思到prior to 在…之前propulsion 推进reaction 反作用jet 喷气, 喷射, 喷气发动机designer 设计师initially 最初，开始时unsuitability 不适应性piston engine 活塞发动机airflow 空气流present 带来, 产生obstacle 障碍Para. 2patent 专利, 获得专利jet propulsion engine 喷气推进发动机athodyd 冲压式喷气发动机heat resisting material 耐热材料develop 研究出，研制出in the second place 其次inefficient 效率底的ram jet, ramjet冲压式喷气发动机conception 构想, 设计，概念Para. 3grant 授予propulsive jet 推进喷射turbo-jet engine 涡轮喷气发动机turbojetturbo-propeller engine涡轮螺桨发动机turbopropVickers Viscount aircraft 维克斯子爵式飞机be fitted with 配备term 术语, 称为, 叫做twin-spool engine 双转子发动机triple-spool engine三转子发动机by-pass engine 双涵道发动机ducted fan 涵道风扇发动机unducted fan (UDF) 无涵道风扇发动机propfan 桨扇发动机inevitable 不可避免的, 必然的p.4propeller 螺旋桨basic principle 基本原理effect 产生propel 推进solely 单独, 只thrust 推力p.5popularly 普遍地, 一般地pulse jet 脉动式喷气发动机turbo/ram jet 涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turbo-rocket 涡轮火箭p.6accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度apparatus 装置, 机器slipstream 滑流p.7momentum 动量issue 冒出to impart M to N 把M给与Nrevolve 旋转p.8whirl 旋转sprinkler 喷水器mechanism 机构by [in] virtue of 依靠hose 软管afford 提供carnival 狂欢节p.9definitely 确切地, 明确地assume 想象, 以为expel 排出, 驱逐propulsive efficiency 推进效率Page 3p.10differ 不同convert 转换p.11thermodynamic 热动力的divergent 扩散diverge 扩散convergent 收敛converge收敛entry 进气段exit 排气管kinetic energy 动能air intake 空气进口diverging duct 扩散管道outlet duct 排气管missile 导弹target vehicle 靶机p.12intermittent combustion 间断式燃烧aerodynamic 空气动力的involve 具有robust 结实的, 坚固的inlet valve 进气阀inject 喷入eject 喷出depression 降压, 减压exhaust 排气cycle 循环helicopter rotor propulsion直升飞机旋翼驱动器dispense with 省去, 无需resonate 共振resonating cycle 共振循环fuel consumption 燃油消耗equal 比得上performance 性能p.13decompose 分解p.14inherent 固有的draw 吸入p.15arrangement 结构simplicity 简单性subsequent 接下来的thermodynamic 热力的Page 7p.16disturbance 扰动blade-tip 叶尖departure from 背离p.17offset 抵消exceed 超过p.18Mach number 马赫数p.19variable intake 可变进口afterburning 加力燃烧variable nozzle 可调喷口conventional 常规的afterburner 加力燃烧室inoperative 不工作的divert 使转向guide vane 导流叶片duct 管道，用管道输送sustained 持续的cruise 巡航mode 模式p.21multi-stage turbine 多级涡轮derive 得到，取得kerosene, kerosine 煤油be in the order of…达到…的量级spray 喷雾fuel-rich mixture 富油混合物dilute 稀释surplus 剩余的p.22interceptor 截击机space-launcher 航天发射器altitude 高度attitude 态度、姿态latitude 纬度longitude 经度accelerative 加速的duration 持续时间Part 2Para.1working fluid 工作流体conversion 转换jet efflux 喷射气流Para.2four-stroke piston engine 四冲程活塞发动机constant pressure 等压constant volume 等容induction 进气compression 压缩intermittent 间断的be involved in…与…有关charging 进气eliminate 消除idle stroke 空冲程Para.3peak 峰, 峰值fluctuate, fluctuating 波动, 起伏withstand, withstood 承受in excess of 超过employ 采用cylinder 汽缸high octane fuel 高辛烷值燃料low octane fuel 低辛烷值燃料fabricated 装配式的Para.4function 运行, 运转introduce, introducing 输入remainder 剩余部分discharge 排出Para.5,6turbine assembly 涡轮部件air-cooled blade 气冷叶片consequently 随之而来的, 因此,所以Para.7embody 体现be embodied in M 体现在M中be directly proportional to…与…成正比be inversely proportional to…与…成反比Para.9trace 描绘show up 表现Para.10attain 达到, 实现conversely 相反地Para.11adiabatic 绝热的friction 摩擦conduction 传导turbulence 紊流Para.12propelling nozzle 推力喷管momentum 动量deceleration 减速Page 14Para.13effect 实现conversion 转换convert 转换sonic 音速的subsonic 亚音速的supersonic 超音速的encounter 遇到venturi 文氏管Para.14interference 干扰component failure 部件失效eddy 涡流turbulence 紊流Para.15frontal area 迎面面积straight-through flow system 直流式系统reverse flow system 回流式系统subsequent 接下来的Para.17conventionally 常规地percentage 部分，百分比duct 管道，用管道输送remainder 剩余物deliver 送，流to be conducive to …有利于…specific fuel consumption 燃油消耗率Para.18design feature 设计特征by-pass engine 双涵道发动机by-pass ratio 涵道比twin-spool configuration 双转子结构propfan 桨扇发动机turbo-propeller 涡轮螺桨发动机Para.19by-pass airstream 外涵道气流overboard 向船外，排出ducted fan 涵道式风扇发动机aft fan 后风扇发动机Part 3Para.1centrifugal 离心的axial 轴流的couple 耦合，联接coupling 联轴器coupler联轴器shaft 轴Para.2centrifugal (flow) compressor 离心压气机impeller 叶轮diffuser 扩散器axial (flow) compressor 轴流压气机multi-stage unit 多级装置alternate 交替的rotor blade转子叶片stator vane 静子叶片diffuse 扩散boost 增压booster 增压器Para.3with regard to 关于robust 坚固，结实develop and manufacture 设计与制造consume 消耗，使用attain 达到air flow 空气流量，空气流adoption 采用favour (Am. E favor) 喜爱，偏爱ruggedness坚固性rugged 坚固的outweigh 胜过，重于Fig. 3-1rotating guide vane 旋转导流叶片intake chute 进气斜道swirl vane 旋流叶片Para.5diffuser vane 扩散器叶片double-entry impeller 双面进气叶轮plenum chamber 稳流室Para.6induce 吸入radially 径向地intake duct 进气管initial swirl 预旋Para.7divergent nozzle 扩散排气管Para.8tip speed 叶尖速度Para.9maintain 保持leakage 泄漏clearance 间隙Para.10construction 结构center around (about, at, in, on, round, upon)…以…为中心ball bearing 滚珠轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承split 分开detachment 拆开，分离Para.11forged 锻造的radially disposed vanes 径向排列的叶片in conjunction with…和…共同swept back 后掠Para.12attach 联接tangential 相切的inner edge 内缘in line with…与…一致buffeting impulse 扰流抖振脉冲Para. 13rotor assembly 转子部件airfoil section 翼型截面mount 安装bearing 轴承incorporate 安有，装有in series 依次地design condition 设计状态incorporation 引入，采用variable stator vane 可调静子叶片succeeding stage下一级Para. 14gradual reduction 逐渐减小annulus 环型stator casing 静子机匣maintain 保持density 密度convergence 收敛taper，tapering 带斜度，带锥度arrangement 结构Para. 16multi-spool compressor 多转子压气机optimum 最佳（的），最优（的）flexibility 适应性，灵活性Para. 17handle 处理duct 管道，用管道输送exhaust system 排气系统propelling nozzle 推力喷管match 使匹配obsolete 已不用but 除…….之外Para. 18trend 趋势stage 阶段, 级undergo 承受split 分开core 核心gas generator 燃气发生器optimum arrangement 最佳结构Para. 19induce 吸入，引入，引导sweep, swept 扫，猛推adjacent 相邻的translate 翻译，转换decelerate 减速serve 起……作用deflection 偏转straightener 整流器swirl 旋流diagrammatically 图示地accompany 伴随progressive 不断的，逐渐的Para. 20breakaway 分离stall 失速precede 在……前面Para. 21incidence 攻角tolerate 允许interstage bleed 级间放气intermediate stage 中间级Para. 22proportion 比例pl. 尺寸, 大小coaxial 同轴的inner radius 内半径supercharge 增压akin 相似的Para.23to center around (round, on,upon, about, at, in)…以…为中心alignment 对中, 同心cylindrical 圆筒形的bolted axial joint 轴向螺栓联接bolted center line joint 中心线螺栓联接Para.24secure 固定assemble 装配weld 焊接periphery 边缘drum 鼓筒Para.25circumferential 周向的fixing 安装, 固定maintainability 维护性blisk 整体叶盘Para.26gradient 梯度balance out 抵消twist 扭angle of incidence 攻角boundary layer 附面层, 边界层stagnant 滞止的compensate for 补偿camber 弯度extremity 端部end-bend 端弯Para.27retaining ring 保持环in segments 成组的shroud 叶冠Para.28dissimilar 不相似的, 不同的workable 可用的, 可运转的implement 实现, 执行, 完成retain 保持Para.29impose upon…强加于…之上depart from 偏离intention 意图positive incidence stall 正攻角失速negative incidence stall 负攻角失速blading 叶栅sustain 承受得住surge 喘振instantaneous 即刻的expel 排出margin 欲度instability 不稳定性Para. 30provision 提供margin 欲度hydraulic 液压的pneumatic 气动的electronic 电子的Para. 31cost effective 成本效益好的prevail 流行，胜利Para. 32 rigid 刚性的clearance 间隙alloy 合金nickel based alloy 镍基合金titanium 钛in preference to 优先于rigidity to density ratio 刚度密度比Para. 33prime 主要的fatigue strength 疲劳强度notch 切口，开槽ingestion 吸气inferior 差的decline 下降rub 碰磨ignite 点燃airworthiness 飞行性能hazard 危险Para. 34dominate 起支配作用Para. 35solid forging 实锻件chord 弦mid-span 叶片中部snubber 减振器clapper 拍板fabricate 制造skin 蒙皮honeycomb 蜂窝Para. 36robust section 坚固截面ingestion capability 吸气能力Part 4Para.1fuel supply nozzle 燃油喷嘴extensive 广泛的，大量的accomplish 完成Para.2range 范围C---Centigrade or Celsiusturbine nozzle涡轮导向器Para.3consequent 随之发生的，结果的Para.4kerosene, cerosine 煤油light, lit or lighted 点燃blow, blew，blown 吹alight 燃烧的Para.5flame tube 火焰筒liner 衬筒meter, metering 调节配量Para.6snout 进气锥体downstream 下游，顺流swirl vane 旋流叶片perforated flare 带孔的喇叭管primary combustion zone 主燃区upstream上游，逆流promote 促进，引起recirculation 环流，回流Para.7secondary air hole 二股气流孔toroidal vortex 喇叭口形涡流anchor, anchoring 锚，固定hasten 促进，加速droplet 小滴ignition temperature 燃点Para.8conical 锥形的intersect 相交turbulence 紊流break up, breaking up 分裂，破碎incoming 进来的Para.9nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片amount to 占…比例, 达到progressively 逐渐地dilution zone 掺混区remainder 剩余物insulate M from N 使M与N隔离Para.10,11electric spark 电火花igniter plug 点火塞self-sustained 自持的Para.12airstream = airflowdistinct = different typeinjection 喷射，喷入ejection 喷射，喷出atomize 使雾化spray nozzle 喷嘴pre-vaporization 预蒸发Para.13vapor 蒸汽vaporize 蒸发vaporizer 蒸发器feed tube 供油管vaporizing tube 蒸发管atomizer flame tube装有雾化喷嘴的火焰筒Para.14multiple (combustion) chamber 分管燃烧室tubo-annular (combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室cannular (combustion) chamber 环管燃烧室annular (combustion) chamber 环形燃烧室Para.15F.g.4-6Para.16dispose 布置delivery 排气Para.17interconnect 互相连通propagate传播Para.18bridge a gap between填补空白，使连接起来evolutionary 发展，演变arrangement 结构overhaul 大修compactness 紧凑性Para.19contain 包含，安装be open to 与…相通Para.20elimination 消除propagation 传播Para.21virtually 实际上oxidize 氧化carbon monoxide 一氧化碳non-toxic 无毒的carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Para.22aerate, aerating 吹气，供气over-rich pocket 过富区fuel vapour 燃油蒸汽carbon formation积碳形成Para.23incur 招致extinction 熄灭relight 重新点燃perform, performing 完成，执行spray nozzle atomizer 喷嘴雾化器Para.25intensity 强度compact 紧凑的exceptionally 格外地，特别地Para.26calorific value 热值British thermal unit (BTU)英国热量单位=252卡expenditure 使用，消耗Para.27altitude cruise 高空巡航Para.29weak limit 贫油极限rich limit 富油极限extinguish 熄灭extinguisher 灭火器dive 俯冲idle, idling 空载，慢速mixture strength 混合物浓度Para.30stability loop 稳定区Para.32emission 排放物pollutant污染物create 产生，形成legislatively 立法地hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物oxides of nitrogen 氧化氮Para.34suppression 抑制desirable 合乎需要的conflict 冲突compromise 折中combustor 燃烧室substantially 实际上Para.35coating 涂层insulation 隔热，隔离Para.36corrosion 腐蚀creep failure 蠕变失效fatigue 疲劳Part 5Para.1accessory, accessories 附件solely = onlyextract, extracting 提取to expose M to N 使M暴露于NM is exposed to NPara.2torque 扭矩Para.3intermediate 中间的interpose 置于…之间to be derived from…从…获得,取自free-power turbine 自由动力涡轮to be independent of…不受…的限制Para.4mean 平均的deflection 偏转in proportion to 按比例sectional thickness 截面厚度disproportionately 不相称地Para.5broadly 主要地aerofoil shape 翼型形状impulse turbine 冲击式涡轮reaction turbine 反作用式涡轮incorporate 采用cartridge starter 弹药筒式起动机air starter 空气起动机Para.7to force one’s way into有力地冲入spin 旋转whirl 旋转Para.8to be governed by 取决于, 由…决定substantially 实际上, 大体上excessive 过分的residual 剩余的，剩余detrimental = harmfulstrut 支柱, 支杆Para.9twist, twisted 带扭向的stagger angle 斜罩角Para.10mean section 中间截面Para.12self-aligning coupling 自动调节联轴器Para.15machined forging 机加锻件flange 法兰，安装边bolt 螺栓，用螺栓联结perimeter 周边，圆周to have provision for…为…作好准备attachment 联接, 安装Para.16heat conduction 热传导Para.17degree of reaction 反力度Para.18fix 确定, 决定,trailing edge 排气边so as to (do) 为了prevent M (from) +ingPara.19attach联接, 安装fixing 联接have a bearing on …对…有影响rim speed 轮缘速度de Laval bulb root 圆头叶根supersede 代替, 取代fir-tree fixing 纵树榫头联接involve 需要, 要求serration 榫齿stiffen 加劲, 固牢Para.20contraction 收缩shroud 叶冠fit 配备, 安装segment 部分, 片peripheral 外围的, 周边的abradable lining 易磨涂层A.C.C. ---active clearance controlshroudless blade 无冠叶片Para.21revolve 旋转extract 提取conventional 常规的Para.22impractical 不实际的dual alloy disc 双金属轮盘blisk 整体叶轮cast 铸造bond 粘接Para.23 match 匹配nozzle guide vane 涡轮导向叶片back pressure 反压surge 喘振choke 壅塞，阻塞Para.24obstacle 障碍impart to…给与tensile stress 拉应力limiting factor 限制因素Para.25endure 承受nickel alloy 镍合金ceramic coating 陶瓷涂层enhance 增强Para.26resistance 抵抗，耐fatigue cracking 疲劳破坏Para.27ferritic 铁素体terrific 可怕的，极妙的austenitic 奥氏体alloying element 合金元素extend 延长fatigue resistance 抗疲劳性powder metallurgy 粉末冶金Para.28in connection with 关于，与…有关glowing red-hot 赤热发光ounce 盎施=28.35 gbending load 弯曲载荷thermal shock 热冲击corrosion 腐蚀oxidization 氧化Para.29foregoing 前面的, 上述的it follows that 因此, 可见permissible 允许的metallurgist 冶金学家Para.30creep 蠕变finite useful life 有限使用寿命failure 失效Para.31forge 锻造forging 锻件cast 铸造creep property 蠕变性能fatigue property 疲劳性能Para.32reveal 揭示, 显示a myriad of 无数crystal 晶体equi-axed 等轴的service life 使用寿命directional solidification 定向凝固useful creep life 有效蠕变寿命single crystal blade 单晶叶片substantially 实质上, 显著地Para.33reinforced ceramic 加固陶瓷Para.34balancing 平衡operation 工序in view of 考虑到Part 6Para.1aero 航空的pass 排送resultant thrust 合成推力，总推力create 引起，产生contribute 提供absorb 吸收exert an influence on…对…产生影响jet pipe 尾喷管propelling nozzle 推力喷管outlet nozzle 出口喷管Para.2distortion 扭曲, 变形cracking 产生裂纹Para.3thrust reverser 推力反向装置noise suppressor 消音器entail 需要, 要求low by-pass engine 低涵道比发动机mixer unit 掺混装置encourage 促进Para.4exhaust cone 排气锥hold 保持residual whirl 剩余旋流strut 支板straighten 整流Para.5in relation to…对…来说choked 壅塞, 阻塞upstream total pressure 上游总压pressure thrust 压力推力momentum 动量Para.6wastage 损失, 消耗with advantage 有效地convergent-divergent nozzle 收扩喷管recover 重新获得Para.7flared 扩张的restriction 限制progressively 逐渐地longitudinal 纵向的Para.9fixed area nozzle 固定面积喷口variable area nozzle 可变面积喷口offset 抵消Para.13nickel 镍titanium 钛ventilate, ventilating 通风lag, lagging 用隔热材料保护insulating blanket 隔热层fibrous 纤维状的stainless steel 不锈钢dimple 使起波纹acoustically absorbent material 吸声材料Para.14double-wall construction 双壁结构induce 引导ejector action 喷射器作用engine nacelle 发动机短舱Para.15streamline fairing 流线型整流板vent hole 通气孔Para.16chute 斜道bonded honeycomb structure 粘接的蜂窝结构integrated nozzle assembly 整体喷管部件lightweight strength 低重强度。