2017-2018学年高中英语Module5NewspapersandMagazinesSectionⅢGrammar时间状语从句和原因状语从句教学案外

Module 5 Newspapers and MagazinesSection Ⅲ Grammar 时间状

语从句和原因状语从句

语法图解

探究发现

①When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photographs of planet earth.

②When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations.

③While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station.

④When you read a newspaper article in English, read the sub­headings before you start ...

⑤The manager didn’t attend the party because he was ill.

⑥“As you have asked me so nicely，” said Sharon, “I’d be delighted to sign your arm.”

⑦Since no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates.

⑧Now that I have made this first visit, I hope I can come many more times.

[我的发现]

(1)例句①②③④中的连词引导时间状语从句；例句⑤⑥⑦⑧中的连词引导原因状语从句。

(2)when引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词和主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，如例句①④；也可以在其之前发生，如例句②。

(3)while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生，如例句

③；而before引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动作必须在主句谓语动作之前发生，如例句④。

(4)because引导原因状语从句时，可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后，如例句

⑤；而as, since, now that引导原因状语从句时经常置于主句之前，如例句⑥⑦⑧。

一、时间状语从句

1．when, while, as引导的时间状语从句的主从句动作发生的顺序及主从句的时态要求。

我们在Module 3学习了由when, while，as引导的时间状语从句，本课时主要讲一下它们引导时间状语从句时主从句动作发生的顺序及时态要求。

(1)主从句动作发生的顺序

when与as引导的时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词可以同时发生也可以先后发生；while 引导的时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作进行的过程中。

When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.

当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。(从句动作先发生)

When I got to the airport, the guests had left.

当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。(从句动作后发生)

While we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain.

当我们在地里劳动时，忽然下起雨来。

(2)主从句的时态要求

如果主句的动作发生于表示“当……时”的时间状语从句中的动作进行的过程中，从句常用进行时。

Someone broke into the house when/while/as she was sleeping.

在她睡觉时有人闯入屋里。

When Tom was reading, Jim went out to play football.

汤姆看书的时候，吉姆出去踢足球了。

2．表示时间先后的连词主要包括before和after。after表示“在……之后”。before 可表达多种意义：“……才”；“……就”；“还没来得及……就……”等。

before常用于以下句型：

It will be＋一段时间＋before ...(从句用一般现在时)要过……时间才……

It won’t be＋一段时间＋before ...(从句用一般现在时)过不了……时间就……

It was not long before ...(从句用一般过去时)没过多久就……

It was＋时间段＋before ...(从句用一般过去时)过了……时间才……

It will be half a year before I come back.

半年之后我才回来。

It won’t be long before we meet again.

不久，我们会再见面。

It wasn’t long before he left the country.

没过多久他就离开了这个国家。

After the students came to the lab, the professor brought out three bottles.

学生们到实验室后，教授拿出了3个瓶子。

3．表示“持续性”和“瞬间性”的连词主要包括since, ever since, till/until等。

(1)since, ever since引导时间状语从句时，从句中多用一般过去时，而主句中谓语动词多用现在完成时。

I have lived here since I came here.

自从我来到这儿，我一直生活在这儿。

(2)till和until(till不可以位于句首)：在肯定句中，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，而在否定句中，主句的谓语动词是瞬间性动词。

He waited until/till his mother came back.

他一直等到他妈妈回来。

I didn’t go to bed until/till I finished my homework.

直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。

[即时演练1]

(1)用适当的连词填空

①It will not be long before he realizes his dream.

②It is five years since I last met him.

③After the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.

④We won’t start our discussion until/till he comes.

⑤When I got home, my parents had fallen asleep.

⑥While we were talking, the teacher came in.

⑦As time goes by, we have a better understanding of things around us.

(2)完成句子

①It is three years since_he_came_to_our_school.

他来我们学校已经三年了。

②It_won’t_be_long_before we have the midterm examination.

过不了多久我们就要期中考试了。

③Mum didn’t_go_to_bed_until I came back last night.

昨晚直到我回来妈妈才上床睡觉。

4．表示“一……就……”的连词有：as soon as, the moment, immediately, directly, no sooner ... than, hardly ...when等。

I told him the news the moment I saw him.

我一看见他就把那个消息告诉他了。

No sooner had he got to the station than the bus left.