MATLAB仿真平面电磁波在不同媒介分界面上的入射

MATLAB 仿真平面电磁波在不同媒介分界面上的入射、反射和折射一、实验目的：1、进一步学习MATLAB ，初步掌握GUI 界面的编程。

2、通过编程实现电磁波仿真效果图。

3、进一步理解平面电磁波的入射、反射和折射现象 二、实验要求：1、以电场为例，动态演示平面电磁波的传播情况。

2、可以任意设置媒介的介电常数和入射角。

3、考虑金属导体和空气的分界面平面电磁波的入射、反射情况。

三、实验原理：电磁波从一种媒质入射到第二种媒质时，分界面使一部分能量反射回第一种媒质，另一部分能量折射到第二种媒质中，反射波和折射波得大小和相位取决于分界面两侧的媒质特性、极化方向和入射角大小等，当电磁波入射到理想导体表面时，会发生全反射。

这一过程中包括的主要原理有以下三点。

1、正弦平面波在媒质分界面的反射和折射规律波对分界面的入射是任意的，但为了方便，我们假设入射面与zox 面重合。

波在z>0时发生入射和反射，在z<0时发生折射并令空间任意一点r 处 的 入 射 波、反射波和折射波场强为：111(sin cos )00(sin cos )00(sin cos )00i i i i r r i t t jK r jK x z i i i jK r jK x z r r r jK r jK x z tt t E E e E e E E e E e E E e E e θθθθθθ--+--+--+⎧==⎪==⎨⎪==⎩图表 1 正弦波斜入射示意图根据在z=0的界面上电场强度的切线分量相等的边界条件，有(,,0)(,,0)(,,0)i r t E x y E x y E x y == 故必有 112sin sin sin i r t k k k θθθ== 反射定律： i r θθ= 折射定律： 12sin sin i r k k θθ=2、 正弦平面波对理想介质的斜入射 ① 垂直极化波垂直极化波对理想介质斜入射如图所示，由折射和反射定律，我们可以得到在任意媒质中的场强。

在第一煤质中111111111111111111cos cos sin 10cos cos sin 101cos cos sin 101()(cos )()(sin )()jk z jk z jk x y i jk z jk z jk x x i jk z jk z jk x zi E E e Re e H H e Re e H H e Re e θθθθθθθθθθθ------⎧=+⎪=--⎨⎪=+⎩在第二煤质中2112002112cos cos cos cos r i E E ηθηθηθηθ-=+210021122cos cos cos t i E E ηθηθηθ=+222222222(sin cos )20(sin cos )202(sin cos )202(cos )(sin )jk x x y t jk x x x t jk x x zt E E e H H e H H e θθθθθθθθ-+-+-+⎧=⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩ 图表 2 垂直极化波斜入射② 平行极化波平行极化波对理想介质斜入射如图所示，由折射和反射定律，我们可以得到在任意媒质中的场强。

在第一煤质中111111111111111111cos cos sin 101cos cos sin 101cos cos sin 10(cos )()(sin )()()jk z jk z jk x x i jk z jk z jk x z i jk z jk z jk x y i E E e Re e E E e Re e H H e Re e θθθθθθθθθθθ------⎧=+⎪=--⎨⎪=-⎩在第二煤质中2211002211cos cos cos cos r i E E ηθηθηθηθ-=+210022112cos cos cos t i E E ηθηθηθ=+222222222(sin cos )202(sin cos )201(sin cos )20(cos )(sin )jk x z x t jk x z z t jk x z y t E E e E E e H H e θθθθθθθθ-+-+-+⎧=⎪=-⎨⎪=⎩图表 3 平行极化波斜入射3、正弦平面波对理想导体表面的斜入射 ① 垂直极化波垂直极化波对理想导体斜入射如图所示，入射波在导体表面发生全反射，我们可以得到在任意媒质中的场强。

cos cos sin 0sin 0cos cos sin 0sin 0cos cos 0()2sin(cos )sin sin sin []2sin sin(cos )cos cos cos []jkx jkx jkz y i r i jkz i jkx jkx jkz x i r i jkz i jkx jkx zi r i E E E E e e e j E kx e H H H H ee e j H kx e H H H H e e e θθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθθ-------=+=-==--=--=-=-+=-+sin sin 02cos cos(cos )jkz jkz i H kx e θθθθ--⎧⎪⎪⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎪⎪=-⎩② 平行极化波垂直极化波对理想导体斜入射如图所示，入射波在导体表面发生全反射，我们可以得到在任意媒质中的场强。

sin 0sin 0sin 02sin cos(cos )2cos sin(cos )2cos(cos )jkz x i jkz z i jkz y i E E kx e E j E kx e H H kx e θθθθθθθθ---⎧=⎪=⎨⎪=⎩四、实验程序；实验程序比较长，可参见此文件夹中的jm.m 文件。

（附件）生成的界面：五、实验总结；这次实验总体感觉收获比较大。

首先，之前学习的MATLAB 都是基于图片之类的编程，没有学习过GUI 的使用。

通过这次实验，我初步学习了一下GUI ，算是现学现卖吧。

虽然学的不是很深，但是对于基本的功能的使用应该还是可以的。

再次，对于电磁场地学习都是停留在书面作业上，通过这次实验，加深了我对电磁场传播的理解。

最后，其实如果只有我一个人，应该是很难完成这次实验的，在这期间有同学的帮忙和合作。

通过这次实验，感受到合作的力量，不懂要问呐。

程序代码：function varargout = jm(varargin)% JM M-file for jm.fig% JM, by itself, creates a new JM or raises the existing% singleton*.%% H = JM returns the handle to a new JM or the handle to% the existing singleton*.%% JM('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local% function named CALLBACK in JM.M with the given input arguments. %% JM('Property','Value',...) creates a new JM or raises the% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are% applied to the GUI before jm_OpeningFcn gets called. An% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application% stop. All inputs are passed to jm_OpeningFcn via varargin.%% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one% instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jm% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 13-May-2011 00:01:24% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @jm_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn', @jm_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...'gui_Callback', []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before jm is made visible.function jm_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to jm (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for jmhandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes jm wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = jm_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)axes(handles.axes1);mu1=1;%c´Åµ¼ÂÊ1mu2=1;%c´Åµ¼ÂÊ2w=get(handles.edit5);w=str2num(w.String);%¼«»¯ÆµÂÊa=get(handles.edit3);epsilon1=str2num(a.String);%½éÖÊ1µÄÏà¶Ô½éµç³£Êýb=get(handles.edit4);epsilon2=str2num(b.String)%½éÖÊ2µÄÏà¶Ô½éµç³£Êý;k1=w*sqrt(mu1*epsilon1);k2=w*sqrt(mu2*epsilon2);sita=get(handles.edit1);sita=str2num(sita.String);sita1=asind(k1*sind(sita)./k2);xv = 0:pi/10:20*pi;ym=xv;%plot(ym)er=0.5;for i=1:900yv = sin(xv+pi/30*i);%%>>>>²¨Ðκ¯Êýx=-xv*sind(sita);y=xv*cosd(sita);x=x+cosd(sita)*yv;y=y+sind(sita)*yv;xv1 = 0:pi/10:20*pi;yv1 = sqrt(1-er*er)*sin(xv-pi/30*i);%%>>>·´É䲨Ðκ¯Êýx1=xv1*sind(sita);y1=xv1*cosd(sita);x1=x1-2*cosd(sita)*yv1;y1=y1+sind(sita)*yv1;xv2 = 0:pi/10:20*pi;yv2 = er*sin(xv-pi/30*i);%%>>>ÕÛÉ䲨Ðκ¯Êýx2=xv2*sind(sita1);y2=xv2*cosd(sita1);x2=x2-cosd(sita1)*yv2;y2=y2+sind(sita1)*yv2;%plot(zeros(1:81))%plot(-40:0.01:40,0)%hold on%plot(0,-60:0.01:60)%hold onplot(x,y,x1,y1,x2,-y2,[-50 50],[0 0],'k',[0 0],[-50 50],'k');su=get(handles.edit2);su=str2num(su.String);sudu=1/su;pause(sudu)endfunction edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)function edit3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit3 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit3 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit3 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit5_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit8 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit8 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit8_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit8 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit10_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');endfunction edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit4 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit4 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties. function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit4 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'),get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end。