高级英语LessonBooKMarrakec课后练习级答案
Keys to exx高级英语第二册LESSON2
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习题Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.III. P.361. The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil辛苦工作and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells小屋everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips would not be interesting).10.Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in thecommunity, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal.12.People with brown skins are almost invisible.13.The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies.14.How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?。
高级英语课后习题答案【精选文档】
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全国高等教育自学考试指定教材英语专业(本科段)课程代码0600(2000版)主编:王家湘高级英语课后答案Lesson One Rock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1)The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes,they are.2。
The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much,but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3。
Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time。
He sees it as a debating forum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed。
Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions,a kindof “debate" took place。
高级英语2第三版 张汉熙 课后答案
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Q ALESSON 1 PUB TALK AND KING’S ENGLISHQ B:1.2.3.Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view.4. In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.5.6.7.The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.III:1.No one knows how the conversation will go as it moves aimlessly and desultorily or as it becomes spirited and exciting.2.It is not a matter of interest if they are cross or in a bad temper.3.Bar friends, although they met each other frequently, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.4.Suddenly a miraculous change in the conversation took place.5.The conversation suddenly became spirited and exciting.6.We ought to think as the Saxon peasants did at that time.7.The Elizabethan writers spread the English language far and wide.8.I have always had an eager interest in dictionaries.9.Otherwise one will tie up the conversation and will not let it go on freely.10.We would never have talked about Australia, or the language barrier in the time of the Norman Conquest.IV A:1.on the rocks: metaphor,comparing a marriage to a ship wrecked on the rocks2. get out of bed on the wrong side:be in a bad temper for the day (The meaning is perhaps derived from the expression “You got out of bed the wrong way”. It was an ancient superstition that it was unlucky to set the left foot on the ground first on getting out of bed.)3.on wings:metaphor,comparing conversation to a bird flying and soaring. It means the conversation soon became spirited and exciting.4. turn up one’s nose at:scorn;show scorn for5.into the shoes:metaphor(or more appropriately an idiomatic expression), think as if one were wearing the shoes of the Saxon peasant,i. e. as if one were a Saxon peasant6 .come into one’s own: receive what properly belongs to one,especially acclaim or recognition657.sit up at:(colloquial)become suddenly alert and take notice ofIV B:1.ignorant指缺乏知识,可以是就整体而言(如 an ignorant man),也可以是就某一具体方面或问题而言(如 ignorant of the reason of their quarrel对他们争吵的起因毫无所知);illiterate意为缺乏文化修养,尤指读写能力的缺乏; uneducated指没有受到正规的、系统的学校教育;unlearned意为学问不富(未必无知),既可指一无所长,又可指某一方面所知有限,如unlearned in science,意为对科学懂得有限,但对其他学科,如文学、哲学等,倒可能是很精通的。
高级英语LessonBooKMarr精编ech课后练习级答案修订稿
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高级英语L e s s o n B o o K M a r r精编e c h课后练习级答案内部编号:(YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128)EXERCISES 2Ⅰ. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco.Suggested Reference Books [SRB]1. any standard gazetteer2. Encyclopaedia BritannicaⅡ.Questions on content:1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them.2. How are people buried in Marrakech3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact."(para 3)4. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like5. Why does the writer say, "A good job Hitler wasn't here"6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible Why does he stress this point7. How was land cultivated in Morocco8. Why was the old woman surprised when the writer gave her a five-sou piece9. What did every white man think when he saw a black army marching pastⅢ. Questions on appreciation:1. The things of value, Orwell says in "Why I Write, " are always political. Is this essay political Has the writersaid anything of value2. Orwell describes human suffering and misery rather objectively. How then can you tell that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery3. Why does the writer reveal his feelings about the donkeys but conceal his feelings about the people ,What effect does this contrast have on the reader4. Could paras 4-7 just as well come after 8-15 as before Could other groups of paragraphs be rearranged What doesthis indicate about the organization What gives the essay coherence5. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism Has the writer succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing"6. Comment on Orwell's lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details.Ⅳ. Paraphrase:1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (para 2)2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (para 3)3. They rise out Of the earth, they sweat and starve fora few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard (para 3)4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (para 9)5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews (para 10)6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury (para 10)7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (para 16)8. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. (para 16)9. No onewould think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. (para 17) 10. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil (para 17) 11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. (para 19) 12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (para 21) 13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23) 14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction (para 25) 15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (para 26)Ⅴ. Translate paras 20 and 21 into Chinese.Ⅵ. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the itali-cized words: 1. wailing a short chant over and over again (para 2) 2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby (para 6) 3. he stowed it gratefully (para 7) 4. his left leg is warped out of shape (para 9) 5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community (para 11) 6. the plough is a wretched wooden thing (para 18) 7. all of them are mummified with age and the sun (para 19) 8. their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23) 9. so had the officers on their sweating chargers (para 26)Ⅶ. Discriminate the following groups of synonyms: 1. wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan 2. frenzy, mania, delirium, hysteria 3. glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkle Suggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language2. Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms3. Reader's Digest, Use the Right WordⅧ. Study the formation of the following compound nouns and list 5-10 examples of each:1. burying-ground2. gravestone3. mid-air4. overcrowding5. nine-tenths Suggested Reference Books [ SRB ] 1. any standard dictionary 2. any book on lexicology or word buildingIX. In this essay, the writer makes effective use of specific verbs. List 10 specific verbs you consider used most effectively and give your reasons.Ⅹ.Each of the following sentences may be made more compact by proper subordination. Rewrite them, using subordinate clauses, appositives, prepositional or verbal phrases: 1. The British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, and there was only a single armored division left to protect the home island. 2.The dry prairie land willdrift away in dust storms, but it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming. 3.The educational program may succeed, but it has to have more than mere financial support from the government. 4.They have wasted their natural resources, but they should have protected and conserved them. 5.The Caldwell family opened the first rough trail and soon other settlers were coming. 6. The Smithsonian Institution is constantly working for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit, and it gets little or no publicity. 7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions. They were both passions of love and passion of hatred and revenge. 8. I dreaded opening the door of his office, but it was only for a few days. 9. It was early morning and there was a fog and so I crawled out and made my way to the beach. 10. I left the door of the safe unlocked and took the leather bag of coins and walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ .Read the following paragraphs and then answer the questions: 1) What is the topic sentence 2) Has the writer succeeded in achieving unity Give your reasons. 1. Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature. There is always the rush to harvest the crops and to get nextyear' s grain planted before the fall rains start. To get this accomplished the farmer must be out at work by daybreak. Fruits and vegetables have to be gathered before the early frost; hence everyone is bustling around from morning till night. Fall is beautiful when the leaves on the trees change color and then fall off. Winter sends its warming cover over the froze ground. This causes the animals to hunt for something to eat. There is nothing, so the farmer has to feed them. After his day's work is done, the farmer puts on his slippers, reclines on the davenport in front of the fireplace, and spends a peaceful evening reading. Within a few months spring begins with itsbeautiful flowers and green grass. The cows give more milk so the farmer has more work to do. After the first spring rain, the corn must be cultivated. As summer ap-proaches the farmer begins to worry for fear that the sun will come up and cook the grain before it is fully developed, or maybe a thunderstorm will come up thus causing his hay crop to rot.2. There are three reasons why I like Japanese food. When I was growing up I never ate Japanese food, since we lived ina part of Texas where there were no Orentals, but now I really like it. One of the best things about Japanese foodis that it consists primarily of meat and vegetables, sothat it's not at all fattening. However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. Another reason for liking Japanese food is that it's always beautifully served, even at lower-priced restaurants. Every dish is a work of art: the chicken yakitori is presented on a gleaming platter crisscrossed with skewers of meat and vegetables, and the shrimp tempura comes on a lovely little bamboo tray. For the American who wants to serve Japanese food like this, these platters and trays may be purchased at a local import store. My final reason for liking Japanese food is its exotic flavor. There is nothing in American or European cuisine quite like the flavor of sashimi (raw fish dipped in soy sauce and horseradish) or shabu-shabu, a meat and vegetable dish that you cook right at your own table by swishing the bite-sized pieces in a pan of seasoned boiling water. Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason-- the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food. With all this, is there any wonder Japanese food a ppeals to meⅫ. Choose the right word from the list below for each blank: fell come did fired pulledfeel sagged collapse goes altered slobbered climbed went paralysed settled drooping jolt seemed imagined knock falling tower reaching trumpeted shake came When I ________the trigger I did not hear the bang or ____________the kick -- one never does when a shot___________ home -- but I heard the devilish roar of glee that _________ up from the crowd. In that instant, in too short a time, one would have thought, even for the bullet to get there, a mysterious, terrible change had ________over the elephant. He neither stirred nor_______, but every line of his body had________ He looked suddenly stricken, shrunken, immensely old, as though the frightful impact of the bullet had _________ him without knocking him down. At last, after what _________ a long time -- it might have been five seconds, I dare say – he _______flabbily to his knees.His mouth _______An enormous senility seemed to have ______ upon him. One could have ______him thousands of years old. I _______again into the same spot. At the second shot he did not_______ but ______with desperate slowness to his feet and stood weakly upright, with legs sagging and head _______ . I fired a third time. That was the shot that _______for him. You could see the agony of it _____his whole body and________ the last remnant of strength from his legs. But in ______ he seemed for a moment to rise, for as his hind legs collapsed beneath him he seemed to_______ upward like a huge rock toppling, his trunk _______skywards like a tree.He________, for the first and only time. And then down he________, his belly towards me, with a crash that seemed to _________ the ground even where I lay.XIII. Topics for oral work: 1. What can you infer about the author's political attitude from this essay 2. Do you like Orwell' s style Give examples to support yourXIV. Write a short composition describing objectively the suffering and poverty of pre-liberation China or of any city. Try to maintain anobjective tone, but your real feelings should be ev- ident to the reader.习题全解Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northernfoot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ. 1. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread(c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~(d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires bytreating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as abeast of burden.9, Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people How long before they turn their guns in the other direction" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise upin revolt and free themselves.Ⅲ. 1. Yes, it is. In this essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.5. This essay gives a new insight into imperialism. Yes, he has succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing".6. Orwell is good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words and the clever choice of the scenes he describes. His lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details efficiently conveyed to the readers thecentral idea "all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact", the fact that the people are not considered or treated as human beings.IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires bytreating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywherea great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in atropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips42V.Ⅵ.Ⅶ. would not be interesting).10.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce alittle food on the poor soil.11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community,that。
【大学英语专业教材】高级英语(张汉熙主编)第四册课文及习题详解
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u the thesis ----“ All colonial empires are founded upon this fact”
u the author's central idea
uColonializa on is based on the fact that people are very poor.
un l it is needed.
u= store
ustowst –ow away = hide
u 土豆要在阴凉避光处储藏。 u Potatoes must be stowed in a cool dark place.
u stow away:
u My jewellery is safely stowed away in the bank. u The hungry boy stowed away all the food on the table.
upome --- apple
ugranate ---- uhaving many seeds
chant ---words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice
u 1. a word or group of words that is repeated over and over again, usually by more
ufrenTzhieedre – isa daj . warp in her nature. ufull of uncontrolled excitement
u那狗狂吠著跳起扑向闯进来的人. uThe dog jumped at the intruder with frenzied barks. u--- make frenzied efforts
第二课 Marrakech
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…the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back in a few minutes later. …the taxis and the camels… When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot and two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like the broken brick.
省级精品课程 《高级英语》第三版第二册
制作人:徐李洁
Lesson 2 Marrakech
By George Orwell
Teaching Aims
• To familiarize with the background knowledge of George Orwell, Morocco, French colonies, Marrakech; Jews • To learn expository writing; • To analyze the theme and the writer’s opinion of colonialism.
2. A region politically controlled by a distant country; a dependency.
3. A group of people who have been institutionalized in a relatively remote area
高级英语LessonBooKMarrakech课后练习级答案
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E X E R C I S E S2Ⅰ. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco.Suggested Reference Books SRB1. any standard gazetteer2. Encyclopaedia BritannicaⅡ.Questions on content:1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them.2. How are people buried in Marrakech3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact."para 34. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like5. Why does the writer say, "A good job Hitler wasn't here"6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible Why does he stress this point7. How was land cultivated in Morocco8. Why was the old woman surprised when the writer gave her a five-sou piece9. What did every white man think when he saw a black army marching pastⅢ. Questions on appreciation:1. The things of value, Orwell says in "Why I Write, " are always political. Is this essay political Has the writer said anything of value2. Orwell describes human suffering and misery rather objectively.How then can you tell that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery3. Why does the writer reveal his feelings about the donkeys but conceal his feelings about the people ,What effect does this contrast have on the reader4. Could paras 4-7 just as well come after 8-15 as before Could other groups of paragraphs be rearranged What does this indicate about the organization What gives the essay coherence5. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism Has the writer succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing"6. Comment on Orwell's lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details.Ⅳ. Paraphrase:1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. para 22. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. para 33. They rise out Of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard para 34. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. para 95. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews para 106. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury para 107. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. para 168. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. para 169. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. para 1710. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless,backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil para 1711. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. para 1912. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. para 2113. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms para 2314. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction para 2515. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. para 26Ⅴ. Translate paras 20 and 21 into Chinese.Ⅵ. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the itali-cized words:1. wailing a short chant over and over again para 22. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby para 63. he stowed it gratefully para 74. his left leg is warped out of shape para 95. as the Jews live in a self-contained community para 116. the plough is a wretched wooden thing para 187. all of them are mummified with age and the sun para 198. their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms para 239. so had the officers on their sweating chargers para 26Ⅶ. Discriminate the following groups of synonyms:1. wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan2. frenzy, mania, delirium, hysteria3. glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkleSuggested Reference Books SRB1. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language2. Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms3. Reader's Digest, Use the Right WordⅧ. Study the formation of the following compound nouns and list 5-10 examples of each:1. burying-ground2. gravestone3. mid-air4. overcrowding5. nine-tenthsSuggested Reference Books SRB1. any standard dictionary2. any book on lexicology or word buildingIX. In this essay, the writer makes effective use of specific verbs. List 10 specific verbs you consider used most effectively and give your reasons.Ⅹ.Each of the following sentences may be made more compact by proper subordination. Rewrite them, using subordinate clauses, appositives, prepositional or verbal phrases:1. The British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, and there was only a single armored division left to protect the home island.2.The dry prairie land will drift away in dust storms, but it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming.3.The educational program may succeed, but it has to have more thanmere financial support from the government.4.They have wasted their natural resources, but they should have protected and conserved them.5.The Caldwell family opened the first rough trail and soon other settlers were coming.6. The Smithsonian Institution is constantly working for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit, and it gets little or no publicity.7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions. They were both passions of love and passion of hatred and revenge.8. I dreaded opening the door of his office, but it was only fora few days.9. It was early morning and there was a fog and so I crawled out and made my way to the beach.10. I left the door of the safe unlocked and took the leather bag of coins and walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ .Read the following paragraphs and then answer the questions: 1 What is the topic sentence 2 Has the writer succeeded in achieving unity Give your reasons.1. Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature. There is always the rush to harvest the crops and to get next year' s grain planted before the fall rains start. To get this accomplished the farmer must be out at work by daybreak. Fruits and vegetables have to be gathered before the early frost; hence everyone is bustling around from morning till night. Fall is beautiful when the leaves on the trees change color and then fall off. Winter sends its warming cover over the froze ground. This causes the animals to hunt for something to eat. There is nothing, so the farmer has to feed them. After his day's work is done, the farmer puts on his slippers, reclines on the davenport in front of the fireplace, and spends a peaceful evening reading. Within a few months spring begins with its beautiful flowers and green grass. The cows give more milk so the farmer has more work to do. After the first spring rain, the corn must be cultivated. As summer ap-proaches the farmer begins to worry for fear that the sun will come up and cook the grain before it is fully developed, or maybe a thunderstorm will come up thus causing his haycrop to rot.2. There are three reasons why I like Japanese food. When I was growing up I never ate Japanese food, since we lived in a part of Texas where there were no Orentals, but now I really like it. One of the best things about Japanese food is that it consists primarily of meat and vegetables, so that it's not at all fattening. However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. Another reason for liking Japanese food is that it's always beautifully served, even at lower-priced restaurants. Every dish is a work of art: the chicken yakitori is presented on a gleaming platter crisscrossed with skewers of meat and vegetables, and the shrimp tempura comes on a lovely little bamboo tray. For the American who wants to serve Japanese food like this, these platters and trays may be purchased at a local import store. My final reason for liking Japanese food is its exotic flavor. There is nothing in American or European cuisine quite like the flavor of sashimi raw fish dipped in soy sauce and horseradish or shabu-shabu, a meat and vegetable dish that you cook right at your own table by swishing the bite-sized pieces in a pan of seasoned boiling water. Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason-- the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food. With all this, is there any wonder Japanese food appeals to meⅫ. Choose the right word from the list below for each blank:fell come did firedpulled feel sagged collapsegoes altered slobbered climbedwent paralysed settled droopingjolt seemed imagined knockfalling tower reaching trumpetedshake cameWhen I ________the trigger I did not hear the bang or____________the kick -- one never does when a shot ___________ home -- but I heard the devilish roar of glee that _________ up from the crowd. In that instant, in too short a time, one would have thought,even for the bullet to get there, a mysterious, terrible change had ________over the elephant. He neither stirred nor_______, but every line of his body had________ He looked suddenly stricken, shrunken, immensely old, as though the frightful impact of the bullet had_________ him without knocking him down. At last, after what _________ a long time -- it might have been five seconds, I dare say – he _______flabbily to his knees. His mouth _______An enormous senility seemed to have ______ upon him. One could have ______him thousands of years old. I _______again into the same spot. At the second shot he did not_______ but ______with desperate slowness to his feet and stood weakly upright, with legs sagging and head _______ . I fired a third time. That was the shot that _______for him. You could see the agony of it _____his whole body and ________ the last remnant of strength from his legs. But in ______ he seemed for a moment to rise, for as his hind legs collapsed beneath him he seemed to_______ upward like a huge rock toppling, his trunk _______skywards like a tree. He________, for the first and only time. And then down he ________, his belly towards me, with a crash that seemed to _________ the ground even where I lay.XIII. Topics for oral work:1. What can you infer about the author's political attitude from this essay2. Do you like Orwell' s style Give examples to support yourXIV. Write a short composition describing objectively the suffering and poverty of pre-liberation China or of any city. Try to maintain an objective tone, but your real feelings should be ev- ident to the reader.习题全解Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers 70%who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ. 1. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- a the burial of the poor inhabitants ban Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread cthe miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ dcultivation of the poor soil; e the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden.9, Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people How long before they turn their guns in the other direction" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise up in revolt and free themselves.Ⅲ. 1. Yes, it is. In th is essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon thisfact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.5. This essay gives a new insight into imperialism. Yes, he has succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing".6. Orwell is good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words and the clever choice of the scenes he describes. His lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details efficiently conveyed to the readers the central idea "all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact", the fact that the people are not considered or treated as human beings.IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals by not treating the people in thecolonies as human beings.3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas for these trips 42V.Ⅵ.Ⅶ. would not be interesting.10.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community,that;she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal.12.People with brown skins are almost invisible.13.The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well—built bodies.14.How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us;15.Every white man,the onlookers,the officers on their horses and the white N.C.Os.marching with the black soldiers,had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind.Ⅴ.See the transla tion of the text.Ⅵ.1.chant:words repeated in a monotonous tone of voice2.navvy:abbreviation of “navigator”,a British word meaning an unskilled laborer,as on canals,,roads,etc.3.Stow:put or hide away in a safe place4.warp:bend,curve,or twist out of shape5.self-contained:self—sufficient;having within oneself or itself all that is necessary6.wretched:poor in quality,very inferior7.mummified:thin and withered,looking like a mummy8.reach—me—down:British colloquialismsecond—hand or ready—made clothing9. charger:a horse ridden in battle or on paradeⅦ.cry指因痛苦、忧伤或悲哀而发出悲切的声音,并伴以流泪;weep更具体,强调流泪;sob指呜呜咽咽、一吸一顿地哭泣;wail指无法抑制悲哀而拖长声调痛哭;whimper43 指像受惊的小孩一样声音压抑地、时断时续地哭;moan 则指因悲伤或痛苦而低声地、拖长声调地哀叹;2.mania本指狂郁精神病所表现出的症状,具体表现为喜怒无常,时哭时笑,行为不能自制;delirium指暂时性精神极端错乱如酒醉发烧时,具体表现为烦躁不安、语无伦次和产生幻觉;frenzy是非医学用语,指狂暴不能自制; hysteria在精神病学上指心因性紊乱,表现为容易激动、焦躁不安、感官和运动功能紊乱以及不自觉地模拟眼瞎、耳聋等;用于引申义时,mania指对于某事的爱好达到狂热的程度,成为癖好,如a mania for drinking嗜酒;delirium 指极度兴奋,如a delirium of joy狂喜;hysteria指强烈的、不可控制的感情爆发,如:She laughed and cried in her hysteria.她又是笑又是哭,感情难以控制;;3.flash指突发的、短暂而耀眼的闪光;gleam指黑暗中闪现出的一束稳定的光线;sparkle指星星点点的闪光;glitter 指由物体反射出的星星点点的闪光;glisten指外部亮光反射于沾水的平面上而显出的光亮;shimmer指由微波荡漾的水面反照出的柔和的闪光;Ⅷ.1.burying—groundverbal noun in— ing + noun:drinking cup, hiding place,diving board,waiting room,freezing point, carving knife,writing desk,typing paper,swimming suit2.gravestonenoun +noun:oilwell,silkworm,shirt—sleeves,girl—friend,gaslight,bloodstain,frogman,win— dow—pane3.mid—airadjective +noun:half—brother,black—market, half—pay;darkroom,madman,double—talk,hothouse, handy man4.orercrowdingadverb +verbal noun in—ing:dry-cleaning,overeating,oversleeping,deep—freezing, underpricing, underrating,down—grading,up—dating5.nine—tenthsadj.from a cardinal number +noun,from an44ordinal number : one-fifth, two-sixths, three-eighths, one-ninthIX. 1. "thread" as in "The little crowd of mourners...threaded their way across the market… ", indicating that the market was so crowded that the crowd could hardly pass through.2. "rise", "sweat", "starve", and "sink" as in "They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard"-", giving a deep impression of how these people live a short and miserable life.3. "sidle" as in "An Arab navvy working on the path nearby lowered his heavy hoe and sidled slowly towards us", showing clearly how a shy man walked carefully.4. "grope" as in "Even a blind man .'. heard a rumour of cigarettes and came crawling out, groping in the air with his hand", presenting a clear picture of a blind man desiring to get a cigarette.5. "mummify" as in "All of them are mummified with age and the sun "--", a forceful word indicating what a miserable state those women are in.6. "hobble" as in"'" the file of old women had hobbled past the house with their firewood "'", indicating that these women could not walk properly because of the heavy load they were carrying.7. "tip" as in """ its master tips it into the ditch """, showing how casually a master deals with his dead dog which has served him devotedly.8. "stow" as in "I tore off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under his rags", designating how much the poor navvy treasured that piece of bread.Ⅹ.1.After the British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, there was only a single armored divison left to protect the homeisland.2. Although the dry prairie land will drift away in dust storms, it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming.3. If the educational program is to succeed, it has to have more than mere financial support from the government.4. They have wasted their natural resources, which they should have protected and conserved.5. Soon other settlers were coming in over the first rough trail which the Caldwell family had opened.6. The Smithsonian Institute is constantly working, with little or no publicity, for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit.7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions--passions of love and of hatred and revenge.8. For a few days I dreaded opening the door of his office.9. Concealed by the fog of early dawn, I crawled out and made my way to the beach.10. Leaving the door of the safe unlocked and taking the leather bag of coins, I walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ.1."Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature" is the topic sentence. This paragraph lacks unity. It is a bad piece of writing. The writer of this paragraph has completely forgotten what he had started out to say. Instead of being an "eternal battle", life in this paragraph be-comes a pleasant and exciting experience--which it probably is, but that is not what the writer set out to prove. "There are three reasons why I like Japanese food" is the topic sentence. This paragraph lacks unity because the writer introduces facts and ideas irrelevant to the topic stated in his opening sentence, e. g. "However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. " and "Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason--the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food.Ⅻ. pulled, feel, goes, went, come, fe11, altered, paralyzed seemed, sagged, slobbered, settled, imagined, fired, collapse, climbed, drooping, did, jolt, knock, falling, tower, reaching, trumpeted,came, shakeⅩⅢ. Omitted.ⅪⅤ. Shack Dwellers in Old ShanghaiAt the edge of Old Shanghai, there were some areas neglected by the splendid city: they were desolate, dirty, and lay humbly at the foot of high-rise factory chimney. From the point of view of the city residents, these places were not suit- able for men. There, however, did live crowds of creature called human beings. They dwelled in the shacks they built themselves. A shack was made up of mud and dried hay--the former being the component of walls and the latter being the roof. Usually there was a small door with a thin wooden board and seldom was there any window. One could easily touch the roof with his hand. The shack was small and dim, thus the door was seldom kept closed. When it rained or blew, there was no more difference inside than outside. How did they manage to live Some of them were road builders: they dug hard with a pickaxe, pulled a huge stone roller to flatten the road, or dug gutters underground all the day. Some made a living by wheelbarrow. With a load of nearly 500 kilogrammes, they pushed forward sweating all over. Some dragged their rickshaws. And among those shack dwellers were many industrial workers, male and female. When a child grew to be thirteen, he or she started to work in a factory. In short, the vast majority of the people did toil but got a slight gain.。
marrakech课后习题答案
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英语marrakech 课后答案词汇(Vocabulary)thread (v.) : pass through by twisting,turning,or weaving in and out穿过,通过pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red,leathery rind and many seeds covered with red,juicy,edible flesh;the bush or small tree that bears it石榴;石榴树chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架;尸体架hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe,mattock,etc.(用锄等)翻地,挖(土)oblong (adj.) : longer than broad;elongated长方形的lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps;covered with lumps多块状物的;凹凸不平的hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low,rounded hills布满小丘的;似小圆丘的derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner;abandoned;forsaken无主的;被遗弃的lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的;无显著特点的mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth,sand,etc.built over a grave,in a fortification,etc.土堆;堤;坟堆prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large,flat,oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps;rough;jolting崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的gazelle (n.) : any of various small,swift,graceful antelopes 瞪羚hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal,beef,lamb,etc.;[p1.]the hind part of a four—legged animal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉;[复](四肢动物的)后躯nibble (v.) : take small,cautious,or gentle bites小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃)butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns:ram with the head(用头或角)撞击;顶撞mid—air (n.) : any point in space,not in contact with the ground or other surface空中;上空navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer,as on canals,roads,etc.劳工;无特殊技术的工人sidle (v.) : move sideways,esp.in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走stow (v.) : pack or store away;fill by packing in an orderly way 装载;装进;收藏municipality n.a city,town. etc.having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇) ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain;painful疼痛的;感到疼痛的skull—cap (n.) : a light,closefitting,brimless cap,usuallyworn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers,usually so as to be harmful or bothersome;swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰;骚扰;蔓延booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods,as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店,摊棚prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times,very old-fashioned老式的;古旧的warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲;变歪frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的,狂乱的clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout;cry out喧嚷,喧嚣,吵闹grope (v.) : feel or search about blindly,hesitantly,or uncertainly摸索;探索self-contained (adj.) : having within oneself or itself all that is necessary;self-sufficient,as a community自给自足的witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic;sorcery巫术;魔法square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfying;solid;substantial[口]令人满意的;充实的conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected,unusual,outstanding惹人注目的,显眼的grove (n.) : orchard果园legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion军团的成员back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion;very tiring费劲的;辛苦的,累人的desolate (adj.) : uninhabited;deserted荒无人烟的,荒凉的lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle,horses,sheep,etc. as cornstalks,hay and straw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料;饲草yoke (v.) : put a yoke on;join together;link用轭连起;连合;连结harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp—edged disks,drawn by a horse 0r tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground,covering seeds,rooting up weeds,etc.耙furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow 沟,畦;犁沟trickle (n.) : the act of trickling;a slow,small flow滴,淌;细流 ;习题全解Ⅰ.Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 andbecame a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ.1. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ (d)cultivation of the poor soil;(e) the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden.9 .Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people? How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise up in revolt and free themselves.Ⅲ.1. Yes, it is. In this essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.•共2页:•上一页•1•2•下一页。
高级英语lesson2(book2)marrakech词汇短语[详解]
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词汇(Vocabulary): pass through by twisting,turning,or weaving in and out穿过,通过----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a round fruit with a red,leathery rind and many seeds covered with red,juicy,edible flesh;the bush or small tree that bears it 石榴;石榴树----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架;尸体架----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: break up(land)with a hoe,mattock,etc.(用锄等)翻地,挖(土) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: longer than broad;elongated长方形的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: full of lumps;covered with lumps多块状物的;凹凸不平的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: full of or looking like low,rounded hills布满小丘的;似小圆丘的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: deserted by the owner;abandoned;forsaken无主的;被遗弃的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a plot of ground一块地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics 无区别的;无显著特点的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a heap or bank of earth,sand,etc.built over a grave,in a fortification,etc.土堆;堤;坟堆----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: full of prickles多刺的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large,flat,oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: full of bumps;rough;jolting崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: any of various small,swift,graceful antelopes瞪羚----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal,beef,lamb,etc.;[p1.]the hind part of a four-legged animal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉;[复](四肢动物的)后躯----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: take small,cautious,or gentle bites小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: strike or push with the head or horns:ram with the head(用头或角)撞击;顶撞----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: any point in space,not in contact with the ground or other surface空中;上空----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: n unskilled laborer,as on canals,roads,etc.劳工;无特殊技术的工人----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: move sideways,esp.in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: pack or store away;fill by packing in an orderly way装载;装进;收藏---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- municipality n.a city,town. etc.having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: giving or feeling physical pain;painful疼痛的;感到疼痛的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a light,closefitting,brimless cap,usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: overrun or inhabit in large numbers,usually so as to be harmful or bothersome;swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰;骚扰;蔓延----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a stall for the sale of goods,as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店,摊棚----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: pertaining to ancient times,very old-fashioned老式的;古旧的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲;变歪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的,狂乱的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: make a loud confused noise or shout;cry out喧嚷,喧嚣,吵闹----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: feel or search about blindly,hesitantly,or uncertainly摸索;探索----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: having within oneself or itself all that is necessary;self-sufficient,as a community自给自足的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the power or practices of witches: black magic;sorcery巫术;魔法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: satisfying;solid;substantial[口]令人满意的;充实的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: attracting attention by being unexpected,unusual,outstanding惹人注目的,显眼的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: orchard果园----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a member of a legion军团的成员----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: requiring great physical exertion;very tiring费劲的;辛苦的,累人的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: uninhabited;deserted荒无人烟的,荒凉的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: gorse food for cattle,horses,sheep,etc. as cornstalks,hay and straw (牛、马、羊的)粗饲料;饲草----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: put a yoke on;join together;link用轭连起;连合;连结----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a heavy frame with spikes or sharp-edged disks,drawn by a horse or tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground,covering seeds,rooting up weeds,etc.耙----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow沟,畦;犁沟----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the act of trickling;a slow,small flow滴,淌;细流;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土,下层土,----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: shrivel or dry up干瘪;枯干;成木乃伊状----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: go unsteadily,haltingly,etc.蹒跚----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革的;坚韧的,粗硬的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: cause to become very angry;enrage(使)发怒,激怒----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: execrably该诅咒地;极坏地----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal驮鞍;----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a head harness for guiding a horse马勒;马笼头; 缰绳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a rope,cord,strap,etc.,usually with a headstall,for tying or leading an animal;a bitless headstall,with or without a lead rope缰绳;(马)笼头----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: the bowels;entrails[常用复]内脏----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: condition or state of affairs;esp.,now, an awkward.sad,or dangerous situation情况;状态;(现尤指)苦境;困境或险境----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: injure or make sore by rubbing;chafe擦伤,擦痛;磨----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: any of a family of large,long-legged,mostly old-world wading birds.having a long neck and bill,and related to the herons鹳----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: second-hand or ready-made(衣服)用旧的;别人用过的;现成的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: made of khaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: force one’s way;squeeze挤进,挤入----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行);消沉----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: inclined to ask many questions or seek information;eager to learn好询问的;好奇的----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: an infectious venereal disease,caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: troops stationed in a fort or fortified place驻军;卫戍部队----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a horse ridden in battle or on parade战马, 军马----------------------------------------------------------------------------------短语(Expressions): a complete and satisfying meal美餐丰盛的、令人满足----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: a large number of small things moving through the air as a mass一团例:a cloud of locusts一群蝗虫----------------------------------------------------------------------------------: to approach or reach到达,得到例:You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves.你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。
高级英语课后习题答案第一册完整版
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高级英语第一册课后习题答案Lesson11)A bazaar is a market or street of shops and stands in Oriental countries.Such bazaars are likely to be found in Afghanistan,the Arabian Peninsula,Cyprus,Asiatic Turkey and Egypt.2)The bazaar includes many markets:cloth—market,copper—smiths’market.carpet—market,food—market,dye—market,pottery—market,carpenters’ market,etc.They represent the backward feudal economy.3)A blind man could know which part 0f the bazaar he was in by his senses of smell and hearing.Different odours and sounds can give him some ideas about the various parts 0f the bazaar.4)Because the earthen floor,beaten hard by countless feet,deadens the sound of footsteps,and the vaulted mudbrick walls and roof have hardly and sounds to echo. The shop-keepers also speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers follow suit.5)The place where people make linseed oil seems the most picturesque in the bazaar. The backwardness of their extracting oil presents an unforgettable scene.II .1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3)they drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain seriously for a low price.4)He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price by any significant amount.5)As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear. Ⅲ. See the translation of text.IV.1)n. +n..seaside, doorway, graveyard, warlord2)n. +v..daybreak, moonrise, bullfight3)v. +n..cutback, cutthroat, rollway4)adj. +n..shortterm, softcoal, softliner, hardware5)adv. +v. .output , upgrade, downpour6)v. +adv..pullover, buildupV.1)thread (n.) she failed to put the thread through the eye of the needle.(v.) He threaded through the throng.2)round (v.) On the 1st of September the ship rounded the Cape of Good Hope. (adv.) He wheeled round and faced me angrily.3)narrow(v.) In the discussions we did not narrow the gap any further. (adj.)He failed by a very narrow margin.4)price(n.) The defence secretary said the U.S.was not looking for an agreement at any price.(v.)At the present consumption rates(of oil)the world may well be pricing itself out of its future.5) (v.)live About 40%of the population lives on the land and tries to live off it. (adj.)The nation heard the inaugural speech in a live broadcast.6)tower (n.)The tower was built in the 1 4th century.(v.)The general towered over his contemporaries.7)dwarf (v.)A third of the nation's capital goods are shipped from this area,which dwarfs West Germany's mighty Ruhr Valley in industrial output.(n.)Have you ever read the story of Snow White and the Dwarfs?Ⅵ.1)light and heat:glare,dark,shadowy,dancing flashes.the red of the live coals,glowing bright,dimming,etc.2)sound and movement:enter,pass,thread their way.penetrate,selecting,pricing,doing a little preliminary bargaining,din,tinkling,banging,clashing,creak,squeaking,rumbling,etc.3)smell and colour:profusion of rich colours,pungent and exotic smells,etc.Ⅶ.1)glare指刺眼的光;brightness指光源发出的强烈稳定的光,强调光的强度。
高级英语--第二课-Marrakech-完备课件
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His Life
– He is mush praised in the west partly because of his anti-communist point of view.
– He was born in India, father, a so called empirebuilder --serving the British government abroad.
A short novel that criticizes the Soviet Union, one of England's allies in World War II . It is an entertaining story about animals or, on a deeper level, a savage attack on the misuse of political power.
1. His works show sharp powers of observation and deep sympathy for suffering people.
2. His works give a deep sense of conviction and urgency.
3. The use of English is clear, simple and direct, with no formality of embellishment(润色). (addition/decoration) He said his ideal was to write prose like a window pane---as clear as glass
His Life
– He received good education in Britain and studied in the most famous school “Eden”.
高级英语下册unit2马尔喀什Marrakech
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帕金森病非运动症状及治疗发表时间:2011-01-15 发表者:崔群力 (访问人次:381)内容导读:帕金森病非运动症状及治疗,帕金森病非运动症状可导致患者生活质量降低,甚至加重帕金森病患者的运动症状和功能残疾。
帕金森病(PD)非运动症状可导致患者生活质量降低,甚至加重帕金森病患者的运动症状和功能残疾。
为提高广大临床医师对帕金森病非运动症状诊疗的认识,中国医学论坛报就美国神经病学学会(AAN)近期推出的帕金森病非运动症状治疗指南,以及于2006年推出的帕金森病相关抑郁、精神异常和痴呆的评估与治疗指南进行简要介绍。
植物神经功能、感觉和睡眠障碍:直立性低血压:尚缺乏盐皮质激素、a-肾上腺素受体激动剂治疗帕金森病患者体位性低血压的随机对照试验。
然而,上述药物的药理学作用与体位性低血压的改善相一致。
目前,经FDA批准可治疗体位性低血压的药物仅有米多君(a-肾上腺素受体激动剂)和屈昔多巴,后者是一种口服去甲肾上腺素的活性合成前体。
推荐如何治疗帕金森病患者体位性低血压的资料尚缺不足。
勃起功能障碍:应进行全面的医疗评估,以确定是否存在诸如药物副作用等可治疗的可能引起勃起功能障碍的原因。
美国食品与药物管理局(FDA)已批准构椽酸西地那非作为勃起功能障碍的治疗药物。
推荐构椽酸西地那非可用于治疗帕金森病患者的勃起功能障碍(C级)。
便秘:尽管尚缺乏帕金森病患者便秘治疗的随机对照研究,但聚乙二醇和肉毒毒素的药理学作用和广泛临床应用与帕金森病患者便秘的改善相一致。
此外,提高饮食中水和纤维含量等非药物治疗也具有缓解患者便秘的临床益处。
许多治疗药物可导致便秘。
推荐聚乙二醇可用于治疗帕金森病患者便秘(C级)肉毒毒素治疗帕金森病患者便秘的证据尚不充足(u级)尿失禁:尽管抗胆碱药治疗帕金森病患者尿失禁的随机对照研究尚缺乏,但其药理学作用和广泛的临床应用与帕金森病患者尿失禁的改善相一致。
抗胆碱药可能导致帕金森病患者出现意识混乱。
推荐如何治疗帕金森病患者尿失禁的资料尚缺乏(u级)疲乏:哌醋甲酯存在被误用的可能。
高级英语教案第二册第二课Marrakech–GeorgeOrwell
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课程教案Background Knowledge *Morocco*Marrakech*French Colonies*Jews*George Orwell Unit 2 Marrakech By George OrwellThe Histor y of M a r r a kech*Ma rra kech, called also the red town, because of the red wall surround the old town, the medina.A Br ief Introduction to C olonia lismDefinition1. a. emigrants or their descendants in a distant territory but remain subject to or closely associatedwith the parent country.b. A territory thus settled.2. A region politically controlled by a distant country; a dependency.3. A group of people who have been institutionalized in a relatively remote areaA Br ief Introduction to the AuthorGeorge Orwell*Orwell’s works are concerned with the sociopolitical conditions of his times, through m erciless exposition of the poverty, misery and degradation 落魄of the native people in the colonies, he denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism and manage to show his outrage at it.*Orwell is famous for his terse lucid 简洁易懂的prose style and good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words to describe objectively the scenes before his eyes.*George Orwell is the pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair(1903-50), British novelist and essayist, born at Motihari 摩坦赫利, Bengal(孟买), India. His father, Richard Walmesley Blair, was a minor customs official in the opium department of the Indian Civil Service.*W hen Orwell was 4 years old, his family returned to England where he remained until 1922. When Orwell was 8 years old, he was sent to a private preparatory school in Sussex. After attending Wellington and Eton, he failed to win a university scholarship then he served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma.In the 1930s*His experience in Burma is described in his first novel ‚B u rmese Days‛(1934)缅甸风云.*On his return to Europe in 1927 he lived in a poor financial condition , first in Paris and then in London, a period which is the basis of his book ‚D o w n and Out in Paris and London‛(1933)巴黎和伦敦的落魄生活. And in this book he assumed the name ‚George Orwell‛by which he would become world famous*During the1930s Orwell had adopted the views of a socialist and traveled to Spain to report on their civil war.*He took the side of the Republican (United Workers Marxist Party militia 统一公党市民军) and fought alongside them, which earned him a wound in the neck. It was this war that made him hate communism in favor of the English brand of socialism.*Orwell wrote a book on Spain, ‚Homag e to Catalonia‛(向加泰罗尼亚致敬), which was published in 1938.During World Wa r Two:*During the second World War rejected for military service on account of tuberculosis and a wound, Orwell served as a sergeant(军士)in the Home Guard and also worked as a journalist for the BBC, Observer and Tribune(论坛), where he was literary editor from 1943 to 1945.*It was toward the end of the war that he wrote ‚A n imal Farm‛, and when it was over he moved to Scotland.*It was ‚A nimal Farm‛(动物庄园) a satirical fantasy attacking communism as practiced in Soviet Union that finally made Orwell prosperous.*His other world -wide success ‚Nineteen Eighty-Four‛(1984)is an elaborate satire on modern politics, a prophetic novel describing the dehumanization of man in a mechanistic, totalitarian 极权主义的world.Orwell wrote many literary essays as well, his volumes of essays include :Dickens(1946)狄更斯*Dali and Others(1946)达里*Shooting an Elephant(1950)射象*Collected Essays(1968)随笔*Journalism(1968) 新闻文章*Letters of George Orwell(1968)书信集Marriage and Death*Eileen O'Shaugnessy, Orwell's wife died in 1945 and in 1949 he remarried to a woman named Sonia Browell. Orwell's second marriage was short-lived, as he died from tuberculosis in London on January 21st, 1950. And he was just 46 years old.Detailed Analysis of the Text1)W hat kind of writing is the text?*Expository writing2)W hich sentence expresses the theme of the text? (or : W hich is the thesis statement? )*All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact (para.3)3)What is the theme of the text?*The author denounces the evils of colonialism. He mercilessly exposes poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies. These people are not considered nor are they treated as human beings.4)How many scenes has the writer described to expose the evils of colonialism? What are they?Six Scenes to expose the evils of colonialismScene 1: The burial of the poor inhabitants (para 1-3)The idea: Life is cheap. People are so poor that they can not afford proper burials.Scene 2: The begging of bread of an employee (para 4-7)The idea: Life is poor. People can’t afford proper food.Scene 3: Living condition of the Jews (para 8-15)The idea: Jews live in great proverty and under prejudice.Scene 4: Cultivation of soil (para 16-18)The idea: Hard way of making a living.Scene 5: Life of women (para 19-21)The idea: Miserable of old women, no better than a donkeyScene 6: the soldiers (para 22-26)The idea: The negro’s attitude towards the whites*W hy did the writer choose these scenes?*W hat do you think they represent?*Do you think these scenes are effective to achieve the writer’s purpose?*W hat else would you add?*W hat is the tone of the writer throughout the text?Scene 1: The burial of the poor inhabitants (para 1-3)Life is cheap. People are so poor that they can not afford proper burials.Wor ds and Expr essionswail: to cry out in mourning or lamentation 悲伤地哭号The wind wa iled through the treeschant: a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tonebier: a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placedhack: to break up (land) with a hoe, mattock, etc.oblong: adj. longer than broad; elongatedhummocky: adj. full of or looking like low, rounded hills 布满小丘的derelict: adj. deserted by the owner; abandoned; forsakenprickly pear: any of a genus of cactus plans having cylindrical or large, flat, oval stem joints and edible fruits 仙人掌(属)Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting…the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back in a few minutes later.The cloud of flies flying to the corpse and then coming back to the restaura nt shows the unsa nita ry conditions of the city…the taxis and the camels…modern mea ns of tra nsporta tion a longside the old a nd ba ckwa rd mea ns of tra nsporta tion When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot and two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like the broken brick.The list of action verbs a re a ll single-sylla b ic, showing the quick speed a nd simple buryingprocedureAre they really…? Do they …? Or are they … individual as bees or coral insects?A list of rhetorica l questions a d ded force to author ’s denuncia t ionThey rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few yea rs, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.a llitera tion, showing the monotonous life. They a re born. Then for a few yea rs they work, toil a ndsta rve. Fina lly they die a nd a re buried in gra ves without a name.Scene 2: The begging of bread of an employee (para 4-7)Life is poor. People can’t afford proper food.Wor ds and Expr essionsgazelle: n. any of various small, swift, graceful antelopes of Africa, the New East , and Asia, with spirally twisted, backward pointing horns and large, lustrous eyes. 瞪羚hindquarter: n. either of two hind edges legs and loins of a carcass of veal, beef, lamb, etc. (pl.) the hind legs of a four-legged animalnibble: to eat (food) with quick bites, taking only a small amount at at time, as a mouse does.The fish were nibbling a t the ba itbutt: to strike or push with the head or horns; ran with the headnavvy: (BrE) an unskilled laborer, an on canals, roadssidle: to move sideways, esp. in a shy, fearful or stealthily mannerstow: to pack or store away, esp. to pack in an orderly, compact mannermunicipality: a city, town, etc. having its own incorporated government 自治市Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e tingAn Arab navvy working on the path nearby lowered his heavy hoe and sidled slowly towards us.Although the la borer wa s hungry, he wa s not used to begging. Therefore he moved slowly a nd shyly.I could eat some of that bread.This is a n indirect request a nd expresses a desire to ea t some the . The word ‚could‛suggestspoliteness a nd uncerta inty.I took off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under his rags.The word ‚stow‛a nd ‚secret‛show tha t the na vvy looks a t the piece of brea d a s something precious. He is a fra id of loosing it.This man is an employee of the municipality.This simple sta tement is very important. It serves to convey a deeper mea ning. ‚Even a n employed la borer goes sta rving, so you ca n ima gine the plight of the poorer people.Scene 3: Living condition of the Jews ( para 8-15)Jews live in great property and under prejudice.Wor ds and Expr essionsghetto: n. (in certain European cities) a section to which Jews were formerly restricted;cluster: to gather or grow in a cluster or clustersskull-cap: n. a light, closefitting, brimless cap, usually worn indoors.infest: to overrun or inhabit in large numbers, usu. so as to be harmful or bothersome; swarm in or over. Fly-infestedwarp: to become bent or twisted out of shape frenzied:adj. full of uncontrolled excitementclamour: v. n. (to) make a loud confused noise or shout; cry outself-contained: adj. having within oneself or itself all that is necessary; self-sufficient, as a community *Impossible--hard to deal with, sth. That cannot happene.g. It wa s not a n impossible scheme.His ba d temper ma kes life impossible for a ll the fa mily.He is a n impossible person to work with.Infla tion is a n impossible problem.*Grope –to feel or search about blindlye.g. In the da rkness, I groped for the door ha ndle.Throughout the ages men ha ve groped a fter the meaning of the Universe a nd their own role in it.The lecturer pa used, groping for the most effective word to express his mea ning.They had to grope their wa y through a mist tha t wa s rapidly turning into a thick fog.Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting(para9) …the houses are completely windowless.Windowless beca use the houses sit so close to ea ch other tha t it is inconvenient to ha ve windows. Sore-eyed children cluster …, like clouds of flies.A simile, compa ring clusters of children to clouds of flies. The repea ted use of flies shows the unsa nita ry conditions a nd the preva lence of diseases in colonia l countries(para 11) Fruitsellers, potters, silversmiths, blacksmiths, butchers, leather-workers, tailors, w ater-carriers, beggars, porters –There is a list of jobs here including tha t of begger.whichever way you look… a good job Hitler wasn’t here.It wa s lucky for the J ews tha t Hilter ha d not come to this pla ce. If he ha d, the J ews would ha ve been extermina ted a s they were in Pola nd a nd other Europea ns countries.(para 15) In just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.a squa re mea l: a decent substa ntia l mea lAna logy is used here. It means tha t these people’s a ccusation of the J ews wa s a s a bsurd a nd irra tiona l a s the a ccusa tion of the witchcra ft.Scene 4: Cultivation of soil (para 16-18)Hard way of making a living.W or ds and Expr essionsconspicuous: adj. attracting attention by being unexpected, unusual, outstandingChances are that : (oral) it is possibleCha nces a re tha t he ha s hea rd the news.ones’ey es take in: see, look atI wa s too busy ta king in the bea utiful furniture to notice who wa s in the room.Her eyes were ta king in nothing but the expensive ha ts.It wa s amusing to see his surprise a s he took in the new ca r.Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects. Its international character and the tradition of not revealing enlistees’backgrounds have helped to surround the Foreign Legion with an aura of mystery and romancewring: v. to get or extract by force, threats, persistence, etc; extortwring money from sb. 勒索某人back-breaking: requiring great physical exertion; very tiring; nerve-rackingdesolate: adj. uninhabited; deserted, forlornPa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting*The author is extremely bitter and ironical. Instead of openly blaming the white colonialists who do n’t pay the least attention to the people who suffer from poverty and hunger, he pretends that they have a sound reason to ignore such people just because they have the color of the earth.(para 16) a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.synecdoche: a white-skinned European is a lways fa irly conspicuous.It is only because of this…tourist resorts.‚This‛here sta nds for the fa ct tha t people a lwa ys miss the pea sa nts la boring in the fields beca use they ha ve the color of the earth a nd a re a lot less interesting to look a t.(para 17) What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman? ... Or to an Englishman?Question a nd answer both elliptica l. This pa ra gra p h mea ns tha t this colonia l country a rousespeople’s interest for va r ious rea s ons except true concern for the people living in poverty(para 18) This is as much as the strength of the animals is equal to.The anima ls yoked to the plough had just enough strength to plough the soil to a depth of a bout four inches.A pa ssage from Invisible Ma n--R a lph EllisonI AM An invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted EdgarAllan Poe; nor am I one of your Hollywood-movie ectoplasms. I am a man ofsubstance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids—and I might even be said topossess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to seeme. Like the bodiless heads you see sometimes in circus sideshows, it is as thoughI have been surrounded by mirrors of hard, distorting glass. When they approachme they see only my surroundings, themselves, or fragments of their imagination---indeed, everything and anything except me. (Prologue )Sentences to show the ha r d w or k*(para 17) …the reality of life is an endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.*(para 18) Most Morocco is so desolate that no wild animal bigger than a hare can live on it. Hugeareas which were once covered with forest have turned into a treeless waste where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. Nevertheless a good deal of it is cultivated, with frightful labor.(para 18)…Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields, tearing up the prickly weeds with their hands.Scene 5: Life of women (para 19-21)Miserable of old women, no better than a donkeyWor ds and Expr essionsfile: a line of persons or things situated one behind another 纵队mummify: v. to dry up (become a mummy)register: v. record 记录, 登记to register the birth of a ba by’/to register the na mes of a bsent studentsThe court stenogra pher registered the tria l proceedings.damnably: adv. In a damnably mannerto be damna bly trea ted 遭到虐待packsaddle: a saddle designed to support the load carried by a pack animal 驮鞍bridle: n. a head harness for guiding a horse; it consists of stall, bit and reinshalter: n. a rope, cord, strap, etc. usually with a a headstall, for try ing or leading an animal, with or without a lead rope (缰绳)(马)笼头gut: (usu. Pl.) the bowels; entrails 内脏have the guts to do sth. 有胆量做某事plight:n. condition or state of affairs; esp. now, an awkward, sad, or dangerous situationtip: v.t to pour sth. from one place or container into anotherShe wiped out the flour a nd tipped it into a bowlThe comparison of fate between the donkey and the women*Donkey Women*no bigger than a St. Bernard dog tiny, mummified*Overloaded, working for weeks vast of load of wood* A willing creature accepted status as a beast ofburden*W hen dead, tipped into a buried simply, dumped into aditch, thrown to dogs hole, no name, no graveyard*People feel enraged at nobody feels sympathetic forthem, unnoticedBy describing the fate of donkey the author’s purpose is to arouse the sympathy and anger of the readers for ‚peo ple‛, People are also cruelly treated but they are not noticed, simply invisible P aragraphing & Interpreting(para 19)All of them are mummified with age and the sun, and all of them are tiny.Yea rs of ha rd work a nd heat of the sun ha ve dried up the old women. They look like mummiesShe accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.She took it fro gra nted tha t a s a n old woma n she wa s the lowest in the community, sha t she wa s only fit for doing hea vy work like a n a nima l.(para 20) though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them.His eyes must ha ve recorded the scene but he did not consciously observe wha t wa s ha ppening (for he did not see the old woma n ca rrying the hea vy load of firewood)It carries a load which…too much for a fifteen-hands mule.fifteen-ha nds mule: a mule a bout 60 inches or f feet high.(para 21) This kind of things makes o n e’s blood boil.metonymy. The cruel trea tment of the donkey makes one very angry.People with brown skin are next door to invisible.People with brown skins a re a lmost invisible.It is generally owing to some kind of accident…If people ever notices the old women, it is a sheer chance.Scene 6: the soldiers (para 22-26)The negro’s attitude to wards the whitesWor ds and Expr essionsstork: n. any of a group of large, long-legged wading birds, having a long neck and bill, and related to herons 鹳infantry: soldiers who fight on battle 步兵clump: v. to cause to form the sounds of heavy footstepsGra ndpa clumped a long in his boots.clatter: n. A rapid succession of loud, sharp noises 急促的敲击声reach-me-down: adj. colloq. Second-hand or ready madesullen: showing resentment, sulky; glum 揾怒的,闷闷不乐的syphilis: n. an infectious venereal disease, caused by a spirochete and usu. transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally 梅毒charger: n. a horse ridden in battle or on parade 战马,军马garrison: n. troops stationed in a fort or fortified place 驻军reverence: n. feeling or attitude of deep respect, love and awe, as for sth. sacred;glitter: v. to shine with a sparkling light; glisten; sparkle; be bright*Squash –vt. 压坏,捏坏,e.g. She sa t on his ha t and squa shed it.He squa shed the insect with his finger.This pa cka ge wa s squa shed in the ma il.*Squash –vi.e.g. Soft fruits squa sh ea sily. (a gla ss of ora nge squa sh)This ha t squa shes ea sily.*Squash –vi. vt (使劲)挤e.g. She squa shed into the crowded tra in.D o n’t a ll try to squa sh into the lift together.He squa shed his clothes into a box.* Squash –vt. (使不说话/谈)e.g. W hen I tried to speak, he squashed me.He is try ing to squash the story of the defeat.* S l ump –vi. 沉重地倒下[践踏]e.g. He slumped in his cha ir a sleep.Tired from his wa lk, he slumped into a cha ir.The boy’s feet slumped repea t edly through the corridor.* S l ump –vi. (质量,价格等)下降, (买卖)清淡起来e.g. Her work slumped because of personal problems.The company ’s shares slumped last month.Business has slumped.*S lump—n.e.g. The economy went into a severe slump.When there is a slump in a country it is difficult to do tra de, a nd ma ny people a re out ofwork.There was a serious slump in the 1930s.Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e tingIn this part, the author shows the mentality o f the colonized by describing the boy ’s look.(para 23) Their splendid bodies … curiously sensitive black faces were glistening with swea t.The Senega lese soldiers were wea ring rea dy-ma de kha ki uniforms which hid their bea utifully well-built bodies. Their feet were squeezed into boots wha t were too sma ll a nd were fla t a nd squa re like blocks of wood and their hea ds were a lso squeezed into tiny tin ha ts which seemed to be a little too sma ll for them.The words ‘splendid’a nd ‘sensitive’show the author ’s positive a ttitude towa rds them. This pa ra gra ph revea ls the poor conditions of the soldiers.(para 24) It was the shy, wide-eyed Negro look, which actually is a look of profound respect.wide-eyes: with the eyes opened widely, a s beca use of surprise, fea r, la ck of sophistica tion.The Negro genera lly looks a t the white ma sters with his eyes opened widely showing ba shfulness, fea r, unea siness, etc. it is a docile, subservient look.(para 24) This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and ca tch syphilis in garrison townsThis misera ble bla ck boy is, a s a result of the coloniza tion of his country, a French citizen.Therefore he ha s been conscribed a nd forced to lea ve his home in the forest to come to a ga rrison town where he will ca tch syphilis.(para 25) In this connection it doesn’t matter twopence if he calls himself a socialist.it doesn’t ma t ter twopence: i t does not ma t ter a t a l l.Every white ma n, even those who ca ll themselves socia lists ca n’t help but think this thought when he sees a black a rmy ma rching pa st.(para 26) And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the longcolumn , … like scraps of paper.Wa tching the one-or-two miles long column of soldiers marching peacefully. Up the roa d wa s just like wa tching a flock of ca ttle. Ca ttle do n’t think, d o n’t a sk questions, but follow their ma sters blindly.These bla ck soldiers were just like ca ttle.Com m ent:Soldiers a re to serve the government. The Senega lese soldiers a resupporting the colonia l ma sters who a re cruelly exploiting the country.It sounds ironica l. Yet the young ma n, instead of ha ting the white men,a ctua lly holds a deep respect for them. The whole situa tion gives a depressing future of the country.SummaryThe text is a piece of objective exposition of the poverty, misery anddegradation of the inhabitants in Marrakech. The ordinary local funeral,which treats the dead as animals, is merely one episode of the miserablelives of native people. However, this fact is the basis upon which all theimperialists build up their empires. The author illustrates the followingfacts to show the plight of the inhabitants. An Arab navvy , an employeeof the municipality, begs for a piece of brea d which is formerly the foodof the gazelles. In the unsanitary ghettoes which are crowded with Jews,people overwork in a wretched situation, but they cannot possibly afforda piece of cigarette. The brown laborers working in the barren fields in abackward way are partly invisible to the white colonists who are insensi-tive to the suffering all around them. The old women carrying fireworkare more invisible for their skinny a nd distorted figures. Ironically,oblivious to the miseries of the human beings, the white express moresympathy to the da mna ble fa t e of the donkeys. However, the colonized ,such as one of the Senagalese soldiers, bear blind deep respect for thewhite masters. This provokes the white to reexamine themselves as wellas their ways of treating the colonized people.Stylistic features* Generally speaking, Orwell describes objectively the suffering and misery of the colonial people inMarrakech, yet he manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery. He succeeds in imparting this feeling to his readers:a)through the clever choice of the scenes he describesb)through the appropriate use of words: concretec)through the tone in which he describes these scenes: objective, matter-of-factly, yet readers can see his anger beneath.d)by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.e)figures of speech used: simile, metaphor, parallelism, repetition, rhetorical question, synecdoche, analogy, transferred epithetDictation1.wail a chant2. hack an oblong hole3. inhabitants4. undifferentiated5. derelict6. medieval ghettoes7. fly -infested 8. warp out of shape 9. conspicuous10. frenzied rush 11. grope in the air 12. eroded soil13. desolate place 14. conserve water 15. mummified with age 16. invisibility 17. be infuriated18. plight of human beings 19. slump under weight 20. glisten with sweat 21. contemptuous 22. reverence 23. sullen 24. inquisitive 25. scraps of paper26. hummocky 27. prickly pear 28. bumpy 29. hindquarter30. nibble 31. sidle 32. stow 33. municipality34. skull-cap 35. booth 36. prehistoric 37. clamour38. self-contained39. grove 40. witchcraft 41. hobble42. damnably 43. bridle 44. packsaddle 45. halter46. reach-me-down 47. squash 48. syphilis 49. garrison 50 George Orwell。
高级英语Lesson 2 (Book 2) Marrakech 课件PPT
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His Life
– He is mush praised in the west partly because of
his anti-communist point of view. – He was born in India, father, a so called empirebuilder --serving the British government abroad.
George Orwell
the master of a superb, lucid (清晰的) prose style. an uncompromising individualist and political idealist famous for his political satires Orwell argued that writers have an obligation of fighting social injustice, oppression, and the power of totalitarian (极权主义的 ) regimes.
His Life
– He received good education in
Britain and studied in the most famous school “Eden”.
His Life
– Marrakech is one of the places he travelled to. His
2. Morocco (摩洛哥)
摩纳哥 地中海沿岸近法-意边界的独立公国。面积:约1.9平方千米。人口:约 31,800(2001)。居民大多是法国人,有少数意大利人。只有不到15%的居民为 摩纳哥后裔。语言:法语(官方语言)。宗教:天主教。货币:法郎。 A small principality located in the south of France in the hills above the Mediterranean Sea.
高级英语Lesson2Marrakech课后练习级答案
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EXERCISES 2Ⅰ. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco.Suggested Reference Books [SRB]1. any standard gazetteer2. Encyclopaedia BritannicaⅡ.Questions on content:1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them.2. How are people buried in Marrakech?3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact."(para 3)4. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like?5. Why does the writer say, "A good job Hitler wasn't here"?6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible? Why does he stress this point?7. How was land cultivated in Morocco?8. Why was the old woman surprised when the writer gave her a five-sou piece?9. What did every white man think when he saw a black army marching past?Ⅲ. Questions on appreciation:1. The things of value, Orwell says in "Why I Write, " are always political. Is this essay political? Has the writer said anything of value?2. Orwell describes human suffering and misery rather objectively. How then can you tell that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery?3. Why does the writer reveal his feelings about the donkeys but conceal his feelings about the people? ,What effect does this contrast have on the reader?4. Could paras 4-7 just as well come after 8-15 as before? Could other groups of paragraphs be rearranged? What does this indicate about the organization? What gives the essay coherence?5. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism? Has the writer succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing" ?6. Comment on Orwell's lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details.Ⅳ. Paraphrase:1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (para 2)2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (para3)3. They rise out Of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard (para3)4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (para 9)5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews (para 10)6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury (para 10)7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (para 16)8. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. (para 16)9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. (para 17)10. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil (para 17)11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. (para 19)12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (para 21)13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? (para 25)15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (para 26)Ⅴ. Translate paras 20 and 21 into Chinese.Ⅵ. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the itali-cized words:1. wailing a short chant over and over again (para 2)2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby (para 6)3. he stowed it gratefully (para 7)4. his left leg is warped out of shape (para 9)5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community (para 11)6. the plough is a wretched wooden thing (para 18)7. all of them are mummified with age and the sun (para 19)8. their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)9. so had the officers on their sweating chargers (para 26) Ⅶ. Discriminate the followi ng groups of synonyms:1. wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan2. frenzy, mania, delirium, hysteria3. glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkleSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language2. Webs ter’s New Dictionary of Synonyms3. Reader's Digest, Use the Right WordⅧ. Study the formation of the following compound nouns and list 5-10 examples of each:1. burying-ground2. gravestone3. mid-air4. overcrowding5. nine-tenthsSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. any standard dictionary2. any book on lexicology or word buildingIX. In this essay, the writer makes effective use of specific verbs. List 10 specific verbs you consider used most effectively and give your reasons.Ⅹ.Each of the following sentences may be made more compact by proper subordination. Rewrite them, using subordinate clauses, appositives, prepositional or verbal phrases:1. The British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, and there was only a single armored division left to protect the home island. dry prairie land will drift away in dust storms, but it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming.educational program may succeed, but it has to have more than mere financial support from the government.have wasted their natural resources, but they should have protected and conserved them.Caldwell family opened the first rough trail and soon other settlers were coming.6. The Smithsonian Institution is constantly working for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit, and it gets little or no publicity.7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions. They were both passions of love and passion of hatred and revenge.8. I dreaded opening the door of his office, but it was only fora few days.9. It was early morning and there was a fog and so I crawled out and made my way to the beach.10. I left the door of the safe unlocked and took the leather bag of coins and walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ .Read the following p aragraphs and then answer the questions: 1) What is the topic sentence? 2) Has the writer succeeded in achievingunity? Give your reasons.1. Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature. There is always the rush to harvest the crops and to get next year' s grain planted before the fall rains start. To get this accomplished the farmer must be out at work by daybreak. Fruits and vegetables have to be gathered before the early frost; hence everyone is bustling around from morning till night. Fall is beautiful when the leaves on the trees change color and then fall off. Winter sends its warming cover over the froze ground. This causes the animals to hunt for something to eat. There is nothing, so the farmer has to feed them. After his day's work is done, the farmer puts on his slippers, reclines on the davenport in front of the fireplace, and spends a peaceful evening reading. Within a few months spring begins with its beautiful flowers and green grass. The cows give more milk so the farmer has more work to do. After the first spring rain, the corn must be cultivated. As summer ap-proaches the farmer begins to worry for fear that the sun will come up and cook the grain before it is fully developed, or maybe a thunderstorm will come up thus causing his hay crop to rot.2. There are three reasons why I like Japanese food. When I was growing up I never ate Japanese food, since we lived in a part of Texas where there were no Orentals, but now I really like it. One of the best things about Japanese food is that it consists primarily of meat and vegetables, so that it's not at all fattening. However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. Another reason for liking Japanese food is that it's always beautifully served, even at lower-priced restaurants. Every dish is a work of art: the chicken yakitori is presented on a gleaming platter crisscrossed with skewers of meat and vegetables, and the shrimp tempura comes on a lovely little bamboo tray. For the American who wants to serve Japanese food like this, these platters and trays may be purchased at a local import store. My final reason for liking Japanese food is its exotic flavor. There is nothing in American or European cuisine quite like the flavor of sashimi (raw fish dipped in soy sauce and horseradish) or shabu-shabu, a meat and vegetable dish that you cook right at your own table by swishing the bite-sized pieces in a pan of seasoned boiling water. Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason-- the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food. With all this, is there any wonder Japanese food appeals to me?Ⅻ. Choose the right word from the list below for each blank:fell come did firedpulled feel sagged collapsegoes altered slobbered climbedwent paralysed settled droopingjolt seemed imagined knockfalling tower reaching trumpetedshake cameWhen I ________the trigger I did not hear the bang or____________the kick -- one never does when a shot ___________ home -- but I heard the devilish roar of glee that _________ up from the crowd. In that instant, in too short a time, one would have thought, even for the bullet to get there, a mysterious, terrible change had ________over the elephant. He neither stirred nor_______, but every line of his body had________ He looked suddenly stricken, shrunken, immensely old, as though the frightful impact of the bullet had_________ him without knocking him down. At last, after what _________ a long time -- it might have been five seconds, I dare say – he _______flabbily to his knees. His mouth _______An enormous senility seemed to have ______ upon him. One could have ______him thousands of years old. I _______again into the same spot. At the second shot he did not_______ but ______with desperate slowness to his feet and stood weakly upright, with legs sagging and head _______ . I fired a third time. That was the shot that _______for him. You could see the agony of it _____his whole body and ________ the last remnant of strength from his legs. But in ______ he seemed for a moment to rise, for as his hind legs collapsed beneath him he seemed to_______ upward like a huge rock toppling, his trunk _______skywards like a tree. He________, for the first and only time. And then down he ________, his belly towards me, with a crash that seemed to _________ the ground even where I lay.XIII. Topics for oral work:1. What can you infer about the author's political attitude from this essay?2. Do you like Orwell' s style? Give examples to support your XIV. Write a short composition describing objectively the suffering and poverty of pre-liberation China or of any city. Try to maintain an objective tone, but your real feelings should be ev- ident to the reader.习题全解Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centersof Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ. 1. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ (d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden.9, Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people? How long before they turn their guns in the otherdirection?" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise up in revolt and free themselves. Ⅲ. 1. Yes, it is. In this essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon thisfact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.5. This essay gives a new insight into imperialism. Yes, he has succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing".6. Orwell is good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words and the clever choice of the scenes he describes. His lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details efficiently conveyed to the readers the central idea "all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact", the fact that the people are not considered or treated as human beings.IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a pieceof luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips 42V.Ⅵ.Ⅶ. would not be interesting).10.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil. 11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the 。
高级英语第三版重排版2marakech课后答案
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高级英语第三版重排版2marakech课后答案1、Many people believe that _________one has, _______ one is, but actually it is not true. [单选题] *A. the more money ; the happier(正确答案)B. the more money ; the more happyC. the less money ; the happierD. the less money ; the more happy2、—______ —()[单选题] *A. How long did you stay there?B. How much did you pay for the dress?C. How many flowers did you buy?(正确答案)D. How often did you visit your grandparents?3、We had a(an)_____with him about this problem last night. [单选题] *A.explanationB.impressionC.exhibitionD.discussion(正确答案)4、This seat is vacant and you can take it. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 没人的(正确答案)C. 舒适的D. 前排的5、There are trees on both sides of the broad street. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 狭窄的C. 宽阔的(正确答案)D. 宁静的6、The office building will be _______ a library. [单选题] *A. turned onB. turned upC. turned into(正确答案)D. turned off7、72.I really don’t know how to thank you , but for your help, I ()my lost necklace.[单选题] *A.couldn’t have found(正确答案)B.mustn’t have foundC.couldn’t findD.wouldn’t find8、He’s so careless that he always _______ his school things at home. [单选题] *A. forgetsB. leaves(正确答案)C. putsD. buys9、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)10、What he said sounds _______. [单选题] *A. pleasantlyB. nicelyC. friendly(正确答案)D. wonderfully11、Our teacher suggested that each of us _____ a study plan for the tong summer vacation. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. madeC. will makeD. would make12、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'13、They returned successfully from ______ moon to _____ earth. [单选题] *A. /; /B. /; theC. the; the(正确答案)D. the; /14、I have only two tickets for TF Boys’concert. ______ you ______ he can go with me.()[单选题] *A. Either; or(正确答案)B. Either; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also15、I like dancing, ______ I can join the Dancing Club.()[单选题] *A. becauseB. so(正确答案)C. andD. but16、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach17、4.—Let's fly a kite when you are ________ at the weekend.—Good idea. [单选题] *A.warmB.kindC.smallD.free(正确答案)18、Don’t _______ to close the door when you leave the classroom. [单选题] *A. missB. loseC. forget(正确答案)D. remember19、Simon does not()his fellow workers because they often argue over trivial matters. [单选题] *A. get on with(正确答案)B. come up withC. do away withD. go on with20、We can see ______ stars at night if it doesn’t rain. [单选题] *A. a thousand ofB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of(正确答案)21、- I haven't been to Guilin yet.- I haven t been there, ______. [单选题] *A. tooB. alsoC. either(正确答案)D. neither22、You can't see many _____ in a hospital. [单选题] *A. man nurseB. men nurses(正确答案)C. men nurseD. man nurses23、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)24、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)25、72.—? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??—Yes, please. I want a sweater. [单选题] *A.How muchB.Can I help you(正确答案)C.Excuse meD.What will you take26、The secretary was asked to_____of the waste paper on the desk. [单选题] *A.disappearB.dispose(正确答案)C.declareD.got rid27、—Whose book is it? Is it yours?—No, ask John. Maybe it’s ______.()[单选题] *A. hersB. his(正确答案)C. he’sD. her28、She’s _______ with her present _______ job. [单选题] *A. boring; boringB. bored; boredC. boring; boredD. bored; boring(正确答案)29、For the whole period of two months, there _____ no rain in this area. Now the crops are dead [单选题] *A. isB. wasC. has been(正确答案)D. have been30、I have worked all day. I'm so tired that I need _____ . [单选题] *A. a night restB. rest of nightC. a night's rest(正确答案)D. a rest of night。
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高级英语L e s s o n B o o K M a r r a k e c课后练习级答案文档编制序号:[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]EXERCISES 2Ⅰ. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco.Suggested Reference Books [SRB]1. any standard gazetteer2. Encyclopaedia BritannicaⅡ.Questions on content:1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them.2. How are people buried in Marrakech?3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact."(para 3)4. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like?5. Why does the writer say, "A good job Hitler wasn't here"?6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible Why does he stress this point?7. How was land cultivated in Morocco?8. Why was the old woman surprised when the writer gave her a five-sou piece?9. What did every white man think when he saw a black army marching past?Ⅲ. Questions on appreciation:1. The things of value, Orwell says in "Why I Write, " are always political. Is this essay political Has the writer said anything of value?2. Orwell describes human suffering and misery rather objectively. How then can you tell that he is outraged at thespectacle of misery?3. Why does the writer reveal his feelings about the donkeys but conceal his feelings about the people ,What effect does this contrast have on the reader?4. Could paras 4-7 just as well come after 8-15 as before Could other groups of paragraphs be rearranged What does this indicate about the organization What gives the essay coherence?5. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism Has the writer succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing" ?6. Comment on Orwell's lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details.Ⅳ. Paraphrase:1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (para 2)2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (para 3)3. They rise out Of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard (para 3)4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (para 9)5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews (para 10)6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury (para 10)7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (para 16)8. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. (para 16)9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. (para 17)10. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil (para 17)11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say asa beast of burden. (para 19)12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (para 21)13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)14. How long before they turn their guns in the otherdirection (para 25)15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (para 26)Ⅴ. Translate paras 20 and 21 into Chi nese.Ⅵ. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the itali-cized words:1. wailing a short chant over and over again (para 2)2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby (para 6)3. he stowed it gratefully (para 7)4. his left leg is warped out of shape (para 9)5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community (para 11)6. the plough is a wretched wooden thing (para 18)7. all of them are mummified with age and the sun (para 19)8. their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)9. so had the officers on their sweating chargers (para 26)Ⅶ. Discriminate the following groups of synonyms:1. wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan2. frenzy, mania, delirium, hysteria3. glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkleSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language2. Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms3. Reader's Digest, Use the Right WordⅧ. Study the formation of the following compound nouns and list 5-10 examples of each:1. burying-ground2. gravestone3. mid-air4. overcrowding5. nine-tenthsSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. any standard dictionary2. any book on lexicology or word buildingIX. In this essay, the writer makes effective use of specific verbs. List 10 specific verbs you consider used most effectively and give your reasons.Ⅹ.Each of the following sentences may be made more compact by proper subordination. Rewrite them, using subordinate clauses, appositives, prepositional or verbal phrases:1. The British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, and there was only a single armored division left to protect the home island.dry prairie land will drift away in dust storms, but it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming.educational program may succeed, but it has to have more thanmere financial support from the government.have wasted their natural resources, but they should have protected and conserved them.Caldwell family opened the first rough trail and soon other settlers were coming.6. The Smithsonian Institution is constantly working for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit, and it gets little or no publicity.7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions. They were both passions of love and passion of hatred and revenge.8. I dreaded opening the door of his office, but it was only for a few days.9. It was early morning and there was a fog and so I crawled out and made my way to the beach.10. I left the door of the safe unlocked and took the leather bag of coins and walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ .Read the following paragraphs and then answer the questions: 1) What is the topic sentence 2) Has the writer succeeded in achieving unity Give your reasons.1. Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature. There is always the rush to harvest the crops and to get next year' s grain planted before the fall rains start. To get this accomplished the farmer must be out at work by daybreak. Fruits and vegetables have to be gathered before the early frost; hence everyone is bustling around from morning till night. Fall is beautiful when the leaves on the trees change color and then fall off. Winter sends its warming cover over the froze ground. This causes the animals to hunt for something to eat. There is nothing, so the farmer has to feed them. After his day's work is done, the farmer puts on his slippers, reclines on the davenport in front of the fireplace, and spends a peaceful evening reading. Within a few months spring begins with its beautiful flowers and green grass. The cows give more milk so the farmer has more work to do. After the first spring rain, the corn must be cultivated. As summer ap-proaches the farmer begins to worry for fear that the sun will come up and cook the grain before it is fully developed, or maybe a thunderstorm will come up thus causing hishay crop to rot.2. There are three reasons why I like Japanese food. When I was growing up I never ate Japanese food, since we lived in a part of Texas where there were no Orentals, but now I really like it. One of the best things about Japanese food is that it consists primarily of meat and vegetables, so that it's not atall fattening. However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. Another reason for liking Japanese food is that it's always beautifully served, even at lower-priced restaurants. Every dish is a work of art: the chicken yakitori is presented on a gleaming platter crisscrossed with skewers of meat and vegetables, and the shrimp tempura comes on a lovely little bamboo tray. For the American who wants to serve Japanese food like this, these platters and trays may be purchased at a local import store. My final reason for liking Japanese food is its exotic flavor. There is nothing in American or European cuisine quite like the flavor of sashimi (raw fish dipped in soy sauce and horseradish) or shabu-shabu, a meat and vegetable dish that you cook right at your own table by swishing the bite-sized pieces in a pan of seasoned boiling water. Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason-- the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food. With all this, is there any wonder Japanese food appeals to me?Ⅻ. Choose the right word from the list below for each blank:fell come did firedpulled feel sagged collapsegoes altered slobbered climbedwent paralysed settled droopingjolt seemed imagined knockfalling tower reaching trumpetedshake cameWhen I ________the trigger I did not hear the bang or____________the kick -- one never does when a shot ___________ home -- but I heard the devilish roar of glee that _________ upfrom the crowd. In that instant, in too short a time, one would have thought, even for the bullet to get there, a mysterious, terrible change had ________over the elephant. He neither stirred nor_______, but every line of his body had________ He looked suddenly stricken, shrunken, immensely old, as though thefrightful impact of the bullet had _________ him without knocking him down. At last, after what _________ a long time -- it might have been five seconds, I dare say – he _______flabbily to his knees. His mouth _______An enormous senility seemed to have______ upon him. One could have ______him thousands of years old.I _______again into the same spot. At the second shot he didnot_______ but ______with desperate slowness to his feet and stood weakly upright, with legs sagging and head _______ . Ifired a third time. That was the shot that _______for him. You could see the agony of it _____his whole body and ________ the last remnant of strength from his legs. But in ______ he seemed for a moment to rise, for as his hind legs collapsed beneath him he seemed to_______ upward like a huge rock toppling, his trunk _______skywards like a tree. He________, for the first and only time. And then down he ________, his belly towards me, with a crash that seemed to _________ the ground even where I lay.XIII. Topics for oral work:1. What can you infer about the author's political attitude from this essay?2. Do you like Orwell' s style Give examples to support yourXIV. Write a short composition describing objectively the suffering and poverty of pre-liberation China or of any city. Try to maintain an objective tone, but your real feelings should be ev- ident to the reader.习题全解Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at t he Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters.Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. Thecity was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ. 1. Here are five things he describes to show pov erty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ (d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia andAfrica are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden.9, Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people How long before they turn their guns in the other direction" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise up in revolt and free themselves.Ⅲ. 1. Yes, it is. In this essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.5. This essay gives a new insight into imperialism. Yes, he has succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing".6. Orwell is good at the appropriate use of simple butforceful words and the clever choice of the scenes he describes. His lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details efficiently conveyed to the readers the central idea "all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact", the fact that the people are not considered or treated as human beings.IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be putup.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the peoplein the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for thetourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips42V.Ⅵ.Ⅶ. would not be interesting).10.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community,that。