2017年高考英语全国卷I--语法填空答案及详解

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.
翻译：最近，在食品服务业方面有一种朝着低脂肪和少盐的趋势。

这种趋势最初是由医学界发起，用来作为防御心脏病的一种方式，已经产生一些意料之外的副作用，例如，肥胖和心脏病，这正好是医学界致力去防御的疾病。

脂肪和盐分是每日膳食中的重要部分。

我们需要他们去加工处理摄入的食物、有助于伤病的恢复和满足几项人体正常的运作。

当脂肪和盐分从食物当中被去除了，食物尝起来好像有所缺失。

结果，人们会吃更多的食物来补偿缺失的东西。

甚至更糟糕的是，人们吃了更多的快餐食品。

快餐中脂肪和盐的含量很高；由于吃了更多的快餐，人们会摄入比他们在饮食中所需要的更多的盐分和脂肪。

通过每日饮食摄入足够的脂肪和盐分会减少在两餐之间吃点心的欲望，而且会提高你的食物的味道。

然而，要注意不要摄入过量。

跟其他食物一样，我们也有可能会吃太多，这一点是对我们的健康不利。

61.as 考查介词。

根据句意“这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法”可知这里表达“作为”之意，所以答案填as。

62.effects 考查名词单复数。

有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填effects。

63.to process 考查非谓语动词。

根据固定短语be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process。

64.are removed 考查动词时态和语态。

设空处是由When引导的时间状语从句，主语是fat and salt（复数），因此所给词remove要充当谓语，根据上下文可知为一般现在时，而fat and salt与remove存在被动关系，故答案填are removed。

65.a考查冠词。

根据固定短语as a result “结果”，可知答案填a。

66.worse 考查形容词的比较级。

此处所给词bad前面有even修饰，所以要用比较级,根据bad-worse-worst可知答案填worse。

67.is 考查动词时态。

此句主语是Fast food，所以后面的be作谓语，根据上下文语境该用一般现在时，fast food是单数，所以答案填is。

68.eating 考查非谓语动词。

By是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以答案填eating。

69.careful 考查词类转换。

此句是一个祈使句，以系动词be开头，系动词后面接形容词作表语，所以care转换成形容词careful。

所以答案填careful。

70.which 考查定语从句。

根据句意“跟其他食物一样，吃得太多也是有可能的，但这对健康不利”，设空处应该指代前面整句话，所以只能用which引导非限制性定语从句，所以此处填which。

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting in to the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous t hat I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.。