液压起重机设计

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本科毕业设计（论文）

题目：（中文）液压起重机设计

（英文）the design of hydraulic truck crane

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摘要

随着我国国民经济的不断发展，各类型起重机械在国民经济建设中发挥着重大的作用，然而，尽管我国液压起重机的发展和应用已有近五十年，但是发展速度仍然较为缓慢，改革开放以来，我国装备制造业得到了快速发展，但与国际先进水平差距还较大，我国生产的各类型液压起重机的稳定性、自动化和智能化水平还较低。

本文通过参阅国内外大量文献资料，选定车载式液压起重机作为研究对象，设计了一套液压起重机的机械结构，对起升机构、伸缩机构、变幅机构、回转机构进行了详细的设计计算和论述，并对这些典型结构零部件的稳定性进行了校核和计算。

液压起重机的设计关键是液压系统的设计。本文根据液压系统的基本设计原理和思想，参照了液压起重机的各项主要技术指标，对液压系统进行了整体方案设计，对液压系统中所使用的各个标准液压元件进行了选型设计，并对系统性能进行了相关理论验算和校核，结果表明，该液压系统的设计既能满足液压起重机所预期的设计要求，又是一套结构较为简单，操作方便的液压系统。

关键词：液压起重机；伸缩机构；液压系统；稳定性。

ABTRACT

With the continuous development of our national economy, all kinds of hoisting machinery plays an important role in national economic construction, however, despite the development and application of existing hydraulic crane in recent fifty years in China, but the development speed is still relatively slow, since the reform and opening up, China's equipment manufacturing industry has been rapid development, but with the the international advanced level there is still a large gap between, various types of hydraulic crane in China production stability, automation and intelligent level is still relatively low.

In this paper, through a large number of literature at home and abroad, the selected vehicle mounted hydraulic crane as the research object, the design of the mechanical structure of a hydraulic crane, were designed and calculated and discussed detailed mechanism, the telescopic mechanism, luffing, slewing mechanism rise on, and the stability of these typical structural parts are checked and calculated.

Key to the design of hydraulic crane is the design of hydraulic system. According to the basic principle of design and the idea of hydraulic system, according to the main technical indicators of the hydraulic crane, the hydraulic system for the overall design, hydraulic components of each standard used in hydraulic system of type design, and the system performance in the relevant theoretical checking and verification, results show that, the design of the the hydraulic system can meet the design requirements of the hydraulic crane expected, is a set of simple structure, convenient operation of the hydraulic system.

Keyword:Truck Crane; The telescopic mechanism;Hydraulic circuit;Stability.

目录

摘要 (2)

ABTRACT (3)

目录 (4)

1 绪论 (5)

1.1起重机概述 (5)

1.2国内外研究与发展 (5)

1.3 车载式起重机液压系统的发展趋势 (7)

1.4起重机设计研究方向 (8)

1.5液压系统在车载式起重机中的应用 (8)

2 设计任务分析 (10)

2.1本文研究内容 (10)

2.2确定设计技术指标 (10)

2.3车载式起重机底盘类型 (11)

2.4车载式起重机液压系统的组成 (11)

3 起升机构设计 (14)

3.1起升机构总体设计 (14)

3.2 起升机构的有关参数的确定 (14)

3.3选择起升液压马达 (15)

3.4选择液压泵 (16)

3.5设计卷筒和减速器 (17)

3.6制动器的选择 (17)

3.7联轴器选择 (18)

3.8设计吊钩组 (18)

3.9选择钢丝绳 (19)

4 伸缩机构设计 (20)

4.1伸缩机构总体设计 (20)

4.2伸缩机构的结构设计 (21)

4.3伸缩机构强度校核 (22)

4.4设计伸缩液压缸 (27)

5 变幅机构设计 (31)

5.1确定变幅机构液压缸铰点 (31)

5.2确定变幅机构参数 (32)

6 回转支承机构设计 (34)

6.1回转支承机构总体设计 (34)

6.2回转支承机构强度校核 (35)

7 起重机的稳定性分析 (38)

8 结束语 (40)

参考文献 (41)

致谢 (42)