英式辩论赛
英国辩论赛流程和规则(3篇)
第1篇一、流程:1. 主席致辞:介绍辩题背景、选手及比赛规则。
2. 开篇陈词:正方一辩和反方一辩分别进行3分钟立论陈词。
3. 攻辩阶段:正反双方依次进行提问和回答,每轮攻辩时间为1分钟,提问不超过10秒,回答不超过20秒。
4. 自由辩论:正反双方轮流发言,共用时8分钟。
5. 总结陈词:正方四辩和反方四辩分别进行3分钟总结陈词。
6. 评委点评:评委对比赛进行点评,宣布比赛结果。
二、规则:1. 时间限制:每位辩手发言时间有限制,如开篇陈词、攻辩、总结陈词等。
2. 提问和回答:提问方需在规定时间内提问,回答方需在规定时间内回答。
3. 轮流发言:正反双方需轮流发言,不得中途打断对方。
4. 逻辑清晰:辩手需用逻辑严谨、论据充分的语言进行辩论。
5. 禁止侮辱:辩论过程中,辩手不得侮辱对方,保持文明礼貌。
6. 评分标准:评委根据辩手的表现进行评分,包括立论、攻辩、自由辩论和总结陈词等方面。
英国辩论赛旨在锻炼辩手的逻辑思维、口才和应变能力,培养团队合作精神。
通过严格的规则和流程,确保辩论赛的公平、公正。
第2篇一、辩论赛流程:1. 开场致辞:主持人介绍比赛背景、辩题、评委及参赛队伍。
2. 陈词阶段:正方一辩陈述观点,时间3分钟;反方一辩陈述观点,时间3分钟。
3. 攻辩阶段:正方二辩提问,反方二辩或三辩回答;反方二辩提问,正方二辩或三辩回答。
如此循环,每轮提问时间30秒,回答时间1分钟。
4. 自由辩论阶段:正反双方轮流发言,时间8分钟,每方4分钟。
5. 总结陈词阶段:反方四辩总结陈词,时间3分钟;正方四辩总结陈词,时间3分钟。
6. 评委点评:评委对比赛进行点评。
7. 宣布结果:主持人宣布比赛结果。
二、辩论赛规则:1. 时间提示:当辩手发言时间剩余30秒时,计时员以一次短促的声音提示,用时满时,以两次声音终止发言。
2. 攻辩阶段:提问方每次提问不得超过10秒,每轮必须提出三个以上的问题;回答方每次回答不得超过20秒,不得反问、回避问题。
英式辩论赛的规则(3篇)
第1篇1. 比赛分为正方和反方,各由四名队员组成,包括一辩、二辩、三辩和四辩。
2. 比赛分为立论、盘问、自由辩论和总结陈词四个阶段。
3. 立论阶段,正方一辩陈述正方观点,反方一辩陈述反方观点,各限时3分钟。
4. 盘问阶段,双方二辩互相盘问,提问简洁明了,回答应简短有力,限时2分钟。
5. 自由辩论阶段,双方队员交替发言,各限时4分钟,交替发言的顺序为:正方一辩、反方一辩、正方二辩、反方二辩、正方三辩、反方三辩、正方四辩、反方四辩。
6. 总结陈词阶段,双方四辩分别总结陈词,各限时3分钟。
7. 比赛过程中,队员不得离座,不得与观众交流,不得使用手机等通讯设备。
8. 评委根据双方队员的表现,包括论点清晰度、逻辑性、语言表达等方面进行评分。
9. 比赛结束后,评委宣布比赛结果,评选出胜方和最佳辩手。
10. 英式辩论赛强调逻辑、事实和语言的准确性,要求参赛者具备良好的辩论技巧和语言表达能力。
第2篇1. 赛制:英式辩论赛通常采用四人制,分为正方和反方,各两名辩手。
比赛分为立论、质询、自由辩论和总结陈词四个阶段。
2. 立论阶段:正方一辩陈述正方观点,反方一辩陈述反方观点。
双方各需在规定时间内完成陈述,时间一般为4-5分钟。
3. 质询阶段:正方一辩对反方一辩进行质询,反方一辩回答。
随后,反方一辩对正方一辩进行质询,正方一辩回答。
质询时间为2-3分钟。
4. 自由辩论阶段:双方辩手交替发言,各队轮流进行。
辩手在规定时间内发表观点,时间一般为4-5分钟。
此阶段强调辩论技巧和论据的运用。
5. 总结陈词阶段:正方四辩对整个辩论过程进行总结,强调正方观点。
反方四辩随后进行总结陈词,强调反方观点。
总结陈词时间为3-4分钟。
6. 评委评分:评委根据辩手的表现,从立论、质询、自由辩论和总结陈词四个方面进行评分。
最后,根据评委打分,决出胜负。
7. 评委要求:评委需具备一定的辩论经验和专业知识,确保评分公正。
8. 语言要求:英式辩论赛通常使用英语进行,要求辩手具备良好的英语表达能力。
英国议会辩论制介绍
本届比赛采用英国议会辩论制(也称为世界大学辩论赛制式),即British Parliamentary Debating,简称BP Format 。
1. 辩论队每轮英国议会制辩论比赛中有4支辩论队同场,每队2人。
支持辩题的队伍称为“正方”,驳斥辩题的队伍称为“反方”。
正、反两方分别由两支队伍构成。
每一支队伍都需要与另3队进行竞争,最后决出1至4名的排名次序。
2. 辩论队伍及选手发言顺序注:1)一轮比赛由4支队伍参加,每队2人;正方的上院和正方下院代表政府;2)每场比赛开始前,抽签决定4支队伍的4个角色;其中2支队伍为正方、2支队伍为反方,互相为竞争关系;3)表中R 为角色,数字1-8为发言顺序;4)每人发言时间为7分钟(含接受和回答POI 质询的时间)。
正方上院(OG ) Opening Government R1: Prime Minister/Leader R3: Deputy Prime Minister 反方上院(OO ) Opening Opposition R2: Leader R4: Deputy Leader 正方下院(CG) Closing Government R5: Member R7:Whip 反方下院(CO) Closing Opposition R6:Member R8:Whip3. 发言计时1)每位辩手的发言的时间均为7分钟。
2)辩手提出“质询”(POI,Point of Information 简称)的时间应在第2到第6分钟之间。
“质询”是指在对方发言时,针对发言者正在申述的论点提出的本方观点。
3)发言计时从辩手开始说话为始;所有必要内容(包括说明、介绍等)均在计时范围内。
4)计时人员将在以下时间点向选手示意:第1分钟末响铃一次(允许开始提出“质询”);第6分钟末响铃一次(提出“质询”的时间结束);第7分钟末连续响铃两次(发言时间结束);7分15秒连续响铃(发言缓冲时间结束)。
英国辩论赛赛制
英国辩论赛赛制
英国辩论赛是一种具有较高知识含量和辩论技巧的比赛形式,通常由两个团队展开辩论。
以下是英国辩论赛的一般赛制:1.团队构成:每个团队由三个人组成,分别是一名主持人和两名辩手。
辩手根据不同的角色分为正方和反方。
2.辩论主题:每场辩论的主题是提前确定的,由比赛组织者根据当前时事和社会热点进行选定。
3.辩论内容:正反双方先分别进行开场白(Opening Speech),由每个团队的第一名辩手进行,然后进行自由辩论(Free Debate),辩手按照顺序发言,进行攻防argument,交换意见并反驳对方,最后由团队的第二名辩手进行总结发言(Closing Speech)。
辩论的每个环节都有时间限制。
4.裁判评分:辩论结束后,由一组专业评委或现场观众对双方辩手的表现进行打分评价,从而根据评分确定比赛胜负。
5.胜负规则:赛制通常采用非正式计分的方式,即不细分胜负原则,而是根据现场实际表现的判断进行评分,和观众、裁判的互动交流来确定胜者。
在英国辩论赛中,辩手的表达能力、知识储备和辩论技巧都是获胜的关键因素,同时也注重交流沟通和礼貌待人的态度。
语言表达通常要求流利、准确、简明。
英国辩论赛是培养辩论技巧、运用语言表达能力、提高演讲水平的重要途径之一,获得流行和普及程度深广。
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英式辩论规则
英式辩论规则
辩题,应该禁止动物园的存在。
正方观点:
1. 动物园是对动物的剥削和囚禁,违背了动物的自然权利和尊严。
2. 动物园中的动物生活在有限的空间里,无法自由活动和展现自己的天性。
3. 动物园中的动物常常受到不良的对待和虐待,导致它们的生理和心理健康受到影响。
4. 现代科技已经能够让人们通过虚拟现实等方式来了解动物,不再需要将动物囚禁在动物园中。
反方观点:
1. 动物园是为了保护濒危动物和提供教育机会而存在的,它们
在动物园中得到了更好的生活条件和医疗照顾。
2. 动物园为人们提供了与野生动物近距离接触的机会,增强了人们对自然环境和动物保护的意识。
3. 动物园中的动物能够受到专业饲养员的照顾,得到更好的生活保障。
4. 动物园是一个重要的旅游景点和文化场所,对于当地经济和社会发展有着积极的影响。
结论:
在辩论中,我们认为应该禁止动物园的存在。
动物园虽然在一定程度上提供了保护濒危动物和教育人们的作用,但是它们也违背了动物的自然权利和尊严。
现代科技已经能够让人们通过虚拟现实等方式来了解动物,不再需要将动物囚禁在动物园中。
因此,我们应该逐步取消动物园的存在,让动物能够在自然环境中自由生活。
英式辩论赛裁判打分规则(3篇)
第1篇在英式辩论赛中,裁判的打分规则旨在全面评估辩论双方的论点、论据、辩驳技巧以及整体表现。
以下是裁判打分的具体规则:1. 论点清晰度(20分):评估双方对辩题的理解深度,论点是否明确、有逻辑性,是否紧扣辩题。
2. 论据质量(30分):评价双方所引用的事实、数据、案例等论据的准确性、相关性和说服力。
3. 辩驳能力(25分):考察双方在反驳对方论点时的针对性、逻辑性和回应速度。
4. 语言表达(15分):评估双方的语言流畅性、清晰度、语法正确性以及是否有吸引力和感染力。
5. 团队协作(10分):观察双方辩手之间的配合,包括观点的连贯性、信息的共享和团队精神的体现。
6. 时间管理(5分):评估双方在规定时间内完成陈述和辩论的能力,以及是否有效利用辩论时间。
每位裁判将根据上述标准对每个辩手进行评分,总分满分为100分。
辩论赛的最终结果由裁判根据双方得分综合评定,同时考虑最佳辩手的评选,即每位裁判投票选出表现最出色的辩手。
若出现得分相同的情况,将由裁判组进行合议,最终确定胜方和最佳辩手。
第2篇一、评分标准1. 队员表现(40分):包括辩论技巧、逻辑思维、语言表达、时间控制等。
2. 队员立场(30分):包括立场清晰度、论据充分性、反驳力度等。
3. 队员互动(20分):包括队员之间的配合、对对手立场的回应、团队协作等。
4. 评委提问(10分):评委提问的质量和队员的回答质量。
二、评分细则1. 队员表现:选手应具备良好的辩论技巧,如逻辑清晰、论证有力、表达流畅等。
评分时需关注选手的语言表达能力、思维敏捷度、时间控制能力等方面。
2. 队员立场:选手立场应明确,论据充分,有针对性。
评分时需关注选手对对手立场的反驳力度、立场调整的灵活性等。
3. 队员互动:队员之间应密切配合,互相支持。
评分时需关注队员之间的沟通、协作,以及对手立场的回应。
4. 评委提问:评委提问应具有针对性,有助于推动辩论进程。
评分时需关注队员对评委提问的回答质量。
英国议会制辩论赛
1、BP制是British Parliamentary(英国议会制)的简称,是仿照英国议会开会议事模式而设计的一系列辩论赛规则的总称,是全世界范围内使用最广泛的辩论规则,世界大学生辩论赛WUDC(The World Universities Debating Championships)及中国辩论公开赛China Open均使用此规则。
2、常见的BP制是四队议会制辩论,每场比赛分正反双方,设“正方上院”、“正方下院”、“反方上院”、“反方下院”四队,每队两人,故可概括为“两方、四队、八人”。
3、胜负评判为排序制,即根据各队表现在四队中排出1、2、3、4名,胜负不以正反方而论,即完全可以出现正方上院第一名而正方下院第四名的情况。
4、BP制的竞赛程序可简单描述为“角色扮演”+“交替演讲”,每位辩手均拥有一个议员角色,均拥有7分钟左右(不同赛事时长不一)发言时长,正反方从上到下交替发言,没有自由辩论等任何快速交替发言环节。
5、BP制有一种特殊的“质询”规则:Point of Information (“PoI”)。
PoI允许对方辩手在“非保护时间”(每人发言时间中除开第一分钟和最后一分钟之外的所有时间)示意要求提问,经发言者允许后向发言者提问质询。
质询者提问时间计入发言者时长,故针对PoI,发言者有权决定是否接受、何时接受、如何回答等事宜。
6、BP制区别于常见华语辩论赛制的最大特点在于“角色扮演”,如下表:正方上院第一位发言者首相(Prime Minister)正方一辩反方上院第一位发言者反对党领袖(Leader of the Opposition)反方一辩正方上院第二位发言者副首相(Deputy Prime Minister)正方二辩反方上院第二位发言者反对党副领袖(Deputy Leader of the Opposition)反方二辩正方下院第一位发言者政府阁员(Member of Government)正方三辩反方下院第一位发言者反对党阁员(Member of the Opposition)反方三辩正方下院第二位发言者政府党鞭(Government Whip)正方四辩反方下院第二位发言者反对党党鞭(Opposition Whip)反方四辩7、除一般的“立我方、批对方”的发言责任外,BP制中每个角色还有其独特的角色责任,对该责任的实现程度构成胜负评判的最大因素。
英式辩论规则
英式辩论规则
辩题,是否应该取消学校制服。
尊敬的评委、各位观众:
我代表反对取消学校制服的一方,我认为学校制服在学生教育
中起着重要的作用。
首先,学校制服有助于减少学生之间的社会地位差异。
如果取
消学校制服,学生们就会穿着各种不同的服装,这将会导致一些学
生因为家庭条件较好而穿着昂贵的服装,而另一些学生因为家庭条
件较差而穿着廉价的服装,这样就会在学校里产生不必要的地位差异,导致学生之间的矛盾和不和谐。
其次,学校制服有助于提高学生的纪律性。
穿着统一的制服可
以让学生们明确自己的身份和地位,有助于建立学校的秩序和纪律。
而如果取消学校制服,学生们就会更容易追求时尚和个性,这可能
会影响他们的学习态度和纪律性。
最后,学校制服有助于塑造学生的形象和品格。
穿着整洁的制
服可以让学生们树立自信,树立良好的形象和品格。
而如果取消学校制服,学生们就会更容易受到外界的影响,可能会追求时尚和个性,这可能会影响他们的形象和品格。
因此,我坚决反对取消学校制服,我认为学校制服在学生教育中起着重要的作用,有助于减少学生之间的社会地位差异,提高学生的纪律性,塑造学生的形象和品格。
谢谢!。
英国bp辩论赛规则最新(3篇)
第1篇1. 赛制结构:BP辩论赛通常采用两两对决的形式,即正方和反方各由两名辩手组成。
每场辩论由正方一辩和反方一辩首先发言,随后双方轮流发言,每轮发言时间为6分钟。
2. 辩论流程:辩论分为上院(Upper House)和下院(Lower House)两个阶段。
上院阶段由正方和反方各进行一次发言,下院阶段则由双方继续轮流发言。
3. 辩题公布:辩题通常在比赛开始前15分钟公布,辩手有15分钟的时间进行准备。
4. 立场分配:每支队伍在比赛前需抽签决定其立场,是支持(Government Team)还是反对(Opposition Team)动议。
5. 评分标准:裁判团由5位裁判组成,根据辩手的论点清晰度、逻辑性、辩论技巧、语言表达等方面进行评分。
6. 时间限制:每场辩论的总时长通常为30分钟,包括15分钟准备时间和15分钟正式辩论时间。
7. 即兴辩论:BP辩论赛的辩题通常为即兴辩题,要求辩手在短时间内构建论点和策略。
BP辩论赛以其独特的赛制和高度挑战性,在全球范围内受到广泛欢迎,是提升辩论技能和英语能力的重要平台。
第2篇1. 参赛队伍:每队由两名选手组成,分为正方和反方。
2. 辩论赛制:分为上院和下院,每场辩论由正反双方辩手轮流发言,每位辩手发言时间为6分钟。
3. 辩题公布:每场辩论开始前15分钟,公布辩论主题和双方立场,正方支持辩题,反方反对辩题。
4. 准备时间:辩题公布后,双方各有20分钟准备时间。
5. 辩论时间:辩论时长不得少于3分钟。
6. 评分标准:采用共识评分制,由5位裁判组成裁判团进行评分。
7. 胜负判定:根据各队在上院和下院的得分,以及双方在辩论中的表现,最终确定胜负。
8. 立场选择:在比赛过程中,即兴辩题会在公布辩题的同时告知每队所处立场,分别为Government Team(提议动议)和Opposition Team(反对动议)。
9. 语言要求:BP辩论赛必须使用英文进行辩论。
英国BP辩论赛以其独特的赛制和挑战性,吸引了众多辩论爱好者参与。
英国辩论赛赛制和规则(3篇)
第1篇赛制:英国辩论赛采用英式议会制辩论赛制,分为正、反两方,每方分为上、下两院。
辩论过程中,正反双方轮流发言,正方先发言,反方后发言。
规则:1. 辩论时间:正反双方各分配3分钟时间进行立论陈词,攻辩环节每方各2分钟,自由辩论环节各4分钟,总结陈词环节各3分钟。
2. 发言顺序:正方一辩、二辩、三辩、四辩依次发言,反方顺序相反。
3. 提问环节:攻辩阶段,正反双方二辩、三辩进行提问,对方二辩、三辩回答。
提问时间为30秒,回答时间为1分钟。
4. 总结陈词:攻辩环节结束后,正反双方一辩分别进行总结陈词,时间为2分钟。
5. 自由辩论:双方轮流发言,正方先发言,每方发言时间为4分钟。
6. 评分标准:评委根据辩论内容、逻辑、语言表达等方面进行评分,最终以正反双方得分的总和确定胜负。
注意事项:1. 辩论过程中,辩手应尊重对方,遵守比赛规则。
2. 辩论内容应围绕辩题展开,不得离题。
3. 辩论过程中,辩手不得使用侮辱性语言或攻击对方个人。
4. 辩论结束后,评委将对双方表现进行点评,辩手应虚心接受。
第2篇英国辩论赛采用英式议会制辩论赛制,起源于19世纪初期英国剑桥联合协会和牛津联合协会等大学学生辩论协会。
辩论赛分为正、反两方,每方分为上、下两院。
赛制流程:首先,正方一辩和反方一辩分别进行立论陈词,然后进行攻辩环节,正反双方交替进行提问和回答。
接着是自由辩论阶段,双方轮流发言,共用时8分钟。
最后,双方四辩分别进行总结陈词。
规则如下:1. 每位辩手发言时间有限,立论陈词和总结陈词均为3分钟,攻辩环节提问和回答分别为30秒和1分钟。
2. 辩手需遵循辩论规则,不得打断对方发言,不得使用侮辱性语言。
3. 辩论过程中,评委根据辩手的逻辑性、论据充分性、语言表达等方面进行评分。
4. 辩论赛结束后,评委进行点评,宣布比赛结果。
英国辩论赛旨在培养辩手的逻辑思维、语言表达和团队合作能力,为广大辩手提供一个展示才华的舞台。
第3篇一、赛制1. 比赛分为初赛、复赛、半决赛和决赛四个阶段。
英式辩论赛辩题汇总(3篇)
第1篇英式辩论赛,作为一种模拟英国议会辩论的形式,在全球范围内广受欢迎。
这种辩论赛注重逻辑思维、语言表达和团队协作,以下汇总了一些适合英式辩论赛的辩题,涵盖了社会、文化、经济、科技等多个领域,旨在激发辩手们的思辨能力和辩论技巧。
一、社会议题1. 隐私权的边界:是否应限制互联网公司的数据收集和使用?2. 是否应废除死刑?3. 是否应该将安乐死合法化?4. 城市化进程中,传统村落是否应该保留?5. 是否应该限制社交媒体上的言论自由?二、文化议题1. 文学作品改编成影视作品,更应该尊重原著还是创新?2. 艺术作品是否应该承担社会责任?3. 是否应该限制网络游戏时间?4. 在全球化的背景下,本土文化是否应该被保护和传承?5. 是否应该推广国际语言,如英语,以促进全球交流?三、经济议题1. 贸易保护主义是否有利于国家经济发展?2. 是否应该取消最低工资标准?3. 是否应该限制跨国公司的运营?4. 如何平衡经济利益与环境保护?5. 是否应该实施财富税?四、科技议题1. 人工智能是否会取代人类工作?2. 是否应该限制基因编辑技术?3. 是否应该允许无人驾驶汽车在公共道路上行驶?4. 是否应该限制互联网平台的算法推荐?5. 是否应该支持太空探索?五、政治议题1. 是否应该扩大选举权?2. 是否应该限制政治广告?3. 是否应该支持军事干预以维护世界和平?4. 是否应该支持一国两制?5. 是否应该限制政府权力?六、教育议题1. 是否应该实行义务教育?2. 是否应该取消高考?3. 是否应该鼓励学生选择职业教育?4. 是否应该加强学校与企业的合作?5. 是否应该推广在线教育?七、环境议题1. 是否应该限制化石燃料的使用?2. 是否应该限制转基因作物种植?3. 是否应该限制海洋捕捞?4. 是否应该限制工业排放?5. 是否应该支持植树造林?这些辩题涵盖了众多领域,旨在激发辩手们的思维,锻炼他们的辩论技巧。
在英式辩论赛中,辩手们需要充分准备,深入研究辩题,掌握相关知识和论据,以便在辩论中展示自己的观点。
英语辩论赛流程及其评分标准
英语辩论赛流程以及评分标准一、英语辩论赛流程英语辩论赛采用国际议会制比赛形式,参照第十三届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛的要求,具体流程为::宣布辩题及辩题相关1、主席致辞、主席致辞:宣布辩题及辩题相关背景资料;介绍选手包括学院、专业、年级及正反方所持观点等;介绍评委及比赛规则。
:2.、比赛阶段、比赛阶段:比赛由正方和反方组成,双方各两名选手,选手可自行分工,一人担任一辩,一人担任二辩。
比赛前15分钟主席将辩题(motion)公布给两队,并由抓阄决定正反方,正方对辩题持肯定态度,反方对辩题持否定态度,双方在辩论开始前有15分钟准备时间,辩论具体进行过程如下:1)正方一辩发言(7分钟)1第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第六分钟结束时--举牌提示,第七分钟结束时---举牌提示2)反方一辩发言(8分钟)第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第七分钟结束时--举牌提示,第八分钟结束时---举牌提示3)正方二辩发言(8分钟)第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第七分钟结束时--举牌提示,第八分钟结束时---举牌提示4)反方二辩发言(8分钟)第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第七分钟结束时--举牌提示,第八分钟结束时---举牌提示5)反方一辩总结(4分钟)第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第三分钟结束时--举牌提示,第四分钟结束时---举牌提示6)正方一辩总结(5分钟)第一分钟结束时--举牌提示,第四分钟结束时--举牌提示,第五分钟结束时---举牌提示比赛阶段注意事项:在提示牌提示结束后,有20秒宽限期,发言者必须在此期间内完成自己的发言,如果超过宽限期,则扣分.如果发言者发言时间远远少于规定时间,则评委会将此看作没有充分展开自己的观点而给发言者扣分.在前1-4环节中,对方可以根据发言者正在申诉的论点提出本方的观点(point of information,简称为POI)比赛阶段提问者提出POI的注意事项:1)POI要简短,切题,机智。
严禁针对比赛规则和个人提出问题;2)提出POI时要从座位上起立,并举手示意.提问者可以用类似on thatpoint,Sir/Madam的话引起发言者的注意;3)发言者可以采取以下方式回应对方提出的POI:语言拒绝(类似sorry)、接受提问(类似ok);4)如果提出POI的要求被发言者接受,那么POI的陈述要以澄清事实或提出评论为形式,用一两句话在15秒内表达出来;如果被发言者拒绝,那么提问者坐回原位,准备下一次提问;5)POI只能在前四个环节中提出,最后两个环节不能提出,前四个环节内第一分钟和最后一分钟内不可以提出POI;6)发言者如果接受POI,那么就应针对提问并围绕自己的发言回答问题;7)除非要提出POI,否则没有轮到发言的辩手不得在别人发言时起立。
英式辩论赛流程及规则(3篇)
第1篇一、流程:1. 开场:主席介绍比赛规则、评委、辩题及双方辩手,宣布比赛开始。
2. 开篇陈词:正方一辩陈述观点,反方一辩陈述观点,每人3分钟。
3. 攻辩阶段:正方二辩、三辩分别对反方二辩、三辩提问,反方二辩、三辩分别对正方二辩、三辩提问,每人1分钟。
4. 攻辩小结:正方一辩进行攻辩小结,反方一辩进行攻辩小结,每人2分钟。
5. 自由辩论:双方辩手轮流发言,每人1分钟,总共8分钟。
6. 总结陈词:正方四辩总结陈词,反方四辩总结陈词,每人3分钟。
7. 评委点评:评委对比赛进行点评。
8. 宣布结果:主席宣布比赛结果。
二、规则:1. 每位辩手发言时间有限,超过时间将受到警告或扣分。
2. 辩手不得离开座位,未经允许不得打断对方发言。
3. 辩手应尊重评委和对方辩手,不得使用侮辱性语言。
4. 辩手应围绕辩题展开辩论,不得偏离主题。
5. 辩手不得查阅资料,不得使用手机等电子设备。
6. 评委根据辩手的逻辑思维、论证能力、语言表达等方面进行评分。
通过以上流程和规则,英式辩论赛既考验辩手的思维能力和口才,又体现了辩论的公正性和严谨性。
第2篇1. 主席开场:介绍比赛规则、评委和双方辩手,宣布比赛开始。
2. 陈词阶段:正方一辩和反方一辩分别进行立论陈词,陈述己方观点,时间为4分钟。
3. 攻辩阶段:正方二辩和反方二辩、三辩依次进行攻辩,提问和回答时间为1分钟。
攻辩阶段结束后,双方一辩进行攻辩小结,时间为2分钟。
4. 自由辩论阶段:双方辩手自由提问和回答,时间各为8分钟。
5. 总结陈词阶段:正方四辩和反方四辩分别进行总结陈词,时间为3分钟。
6. 评委点评:评委对比赛进行点评,宣布比赛结果。
英式辩论赛规则如下:1. 每位辩手发言时间有限,需合理分配时间。
2. 辩论过程中,不得打断对方发言,否则视为违规。
3. 辩论内容应围绕辩题展开,不得离题。
4. 辩论过程中,辩手需尊重对方观点,保持礼貌。
5. 评委根据辩手的表现、观点、逻辑和语言表达能力等方面进行评分。
英语辩论稿(含五篇)
英语辩论稿(含五篇)第一篇:英语辩论稿Are interpersonal relationships more important than one’s practical ability to a successful career?介绍环节正方:Good morning, everyone we are the objective part.I am debater 1 I am debater 2。
.I am debater 3。
.I am debater4。
.反方:We are the negative part.I am debater 1。
I am debater 2。
.I am debater 3。
.I am debater4。
.立论环节(1.5min)正方立论Hello everybody!As is known to all , The 21st century is the century of talents’ ou tbreak.It is a highly competitive age.but if you want to obtaina successful career, it relays on not only the practical ability of outstanding individuals, but also good relationships.Therefore, our view is that relationship is more important than the practical ability for a successful career.In the enterprise, a top staff should know how to handle interpersonal relationships, and has harmonious relations with colleagues, if he have not good interpersonal relationships, I don’t think he will be able to impr ove his ability or achieve success.So that our sides insist on that relationships are more important for success.反方立论: Hello everyone!Today's opportunity to come to grips with so many friends and this undoubtedly superiorpersonal quality and ability is a promotion of opportunity.We think that an individual career success, personal ability is more important than relationships.We think: an individual career success, by strength, no strength, interpersonal and how? Strength by himself, interpersonal relations also rely on yourself.Interpersonal relationship just forone person to provide a ready a shortcutto success.Only oneself to have true ability really ability to overcome everything.To sum up, we think that an individual career success personal ability is more important than relationships.反方二辩提问(3min):Would I ask the second debater a question :Edison had said: "genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Isn't the personal ability so important?正方二辩回答:As the debate,ninety-nine percent perspiration plus one inspiration was a success, a person is required to pay 99 sweat, but the team of ten people only should spend 50 sweats and 50 inspirations to gain the success , Everybody can find which relationship is better meet the efficiency of modern society demands? It is clear that good relationships will be more than infinitely expand your horizons, so you do not have to take so many detours.反:Thanks for the second debater.And now, I want to ask the third debater a question:‘Each person is in his own successway’.Doesn’t it mean that personal ability more important.What do you think about it? 正方三辩回答:Also known as interpersonal relationships, is a basic concept of sociology, its meaning is between people, the process of interaction, through the thoughts, feelings, behavior of the mutual exchange and interaction generated.People as social animals, even with a more tenacious survival skills, from social interaction, and can not have more development, because he is a man in combat.We are a group of people in the struggle.So that our sides insist on that relationships are more important for success正方三辩提问(2min):Would I ask the debater 3 a question : if you think what a CEO needs most is a practical ability, so whywill he hear so much about interpersonal relationship lecture? 反方三辩回答:They attend the lecture interpersonal relationship is in order to increase the ability of individuals with their own personal ability of interpersonal relations to succeed in his career, rather than using interpersonal relationship.正方三辩辩提问:Would I ask the debater 2 a question: practical ability is IQ and interpersonal relationship is EQ, success come from 20% of IQ and 80% of EQ, what do you think of it? 反方二辩回答:Myfellowdebater,youmustbemisunderstandwhatisinterpersonalr elationship.Youshouldn’t putinterpersonalrelationshipequal toEQ.It’sobviouslywrong.Besides,myfellowdebater,haven’tyou heardofEdison’s sayings :99% perspiration plus 1% inspiration equal success ? I think my fellow debater did’t understand what is interpersonal relationship ? And,if interpersonal relationship is important, I think interpersonal relationship also belongs to a part of one’s practical ability, So our sides insist that one’s practical ability is more important.自由辩论(3min)正:According to a Harvard Business School Survey: people in the great achievements in their career, 26 percents rely on the ability to work, 5 percents on the family background, and interpersonal relationships accounted for 69 percents.How can you explain this?反:Isn’t good relatio nship the performance of individual capability? 正:We think it’s not true.Capacity can be trained compared with interpersonal relationships.That is to say: it is the difference between life and work, do you think so?反:So that ,what you learn is to do a good job in interpersonal relationships in the school, rather than a personal capacity?正:Of course not, we said that if you have not a goodrelationship you won’t get success.Your personal ability is important, but Interpersonal relationships are more important.反:Perhaps you think that if you have good interpersonal relations, you will be promoted.But if you have not the ability to work, nobody will support you.正:Ok, you have strong ability and do the job very good, but without good human relations, who will support you?And now many students have high IQ but low EQ.They often don’t know how to get along with others.My fellow debaters, please tell me, how many guys who has high IQ but low EQ have gained the success反:My fellow debater, I think you still misunderstand what’s the interpersonal relationship.You should look our debate topic better.Don’t my fellow debater know the internal cause is more important than external conditions? Personal ability is the internal cause.obviously, it is more useful to our s uccess, isn’t it?正:My fellow debaters are obviously evading our question.Swift horses cover a thousand miles in a single day.Yet if there are no talent scouts,can the swift horses develop their abilities? Aren’t they still in the old stables?反:This is a can not be judged facts.I think personal ability including interpersonal relationship, you how explanation?正:If the relationship between the practical ability and interpersonal relationship is that of including and included, our debate will have no meaning now, because the argument itself has become unequal.My fellow debaters , please explain the meaning of practical ability clearly.反:My fellow debater, We emphasize individual ability is broad not narrow.In our view, interpersonal relations can become part of personal ability.Excuse me my fellow debater, You think only relationshipscan leads to success?.正:Debater,we never deny the importance of personal ability, and we also admit the influence of personal ability to success, but we insist that interpersonal relationship is more important.Without ability we can live well, while we will be abandoned by the world, if we do not have interpersonal relationship.反:my fellow debater, Obviously misinterpret our view.We have not denied interpersonal relationships, but think one aspect of a man ability.But you overstating the ability of interpersonal relationship.总结陈词(1.5min)正方:Interpersonal relationship is a very good platform to improve one’s practical ability, people can learn more from this platform, in order to improve their ability.In modern society, people live in groups all over the world.If you do not have interpersonal relationship, others will not know your ability.Such as advertising, no matter how good the commodity is, if others do not know that, and don't use it, the commodity will be a waste product.For another example, if a CEO only have ability but can not deal with various kinds of business relationship, this company will close down.No matter how strong one’s practical ability is, he could not separate himself from the whole society and exists, and he must learn to work with others to be successful, as 80% of EQ lead to success.Practical ability would not make you starve to death in the society, but the relationship can make a better life for you.So that our sides insist on that relationships are more important for success.反方:We can see that now people pay much attention to interpersonal relationships, but we still think one’s practical ability is more important than interpersonal relationships to a successful career.Each person is in his own success way, or shallow point in the way of job and work, we willface more challenges, we may have a good interpersonal relationship, we may be introduced to find a good job by friend, but when we truly work, we have no our workmate admitted, we also have no ability to truly achieve the company's demand, so in the end ,we will face ousted, we also have no the so-called success.Your boss will not think much about your interpersonal relationships, he just thinks a lot about how much profit you can create for him.Only strong practical ability can make a successful career.So,we insist on our viewpoint: one’s practical ability is more important than interpersonal relationships to career success.第二篇:文档英语辩论稿Positive side: Internet does more good than harm Negative side: Internet does more harm than good一、陈述观点阶段正方一辩Respected chairman each leader comrades and friends from the opposite side Good morningIn todays information age the Internet is more and more strongly involved in our lives more and more close to everyone of us.We firmly believe that the Internet does more good than harm First of all the Internet is a virtual treasure trove of information.It makes the global sharing of information resources any kind of information on any topic under the sun is available on the Internet.People from all works are storing maintaining and updating the information in internet every day.We can almost find any type of data on almost any kind of subject that we are looking for.Secondly the Internet brings great convenience to our lives.Many services are now provided on the internet such as online banking job seeking purchasing tickets for your favorite movies guidance services on array of topics engulfing the every aspect of life and hotel reservations.Often these services are notavailable off-line and can cost you more.Thirdly the Internet has greatly improved work efficiency.Not only education and learning but also trade conference can be conducted online.The companies in different areas can hold online meetings through the internet to bargain important issues of business.Internet cuts out a series of complex processes saves a lot of manpower and material resources and improves our work efficiency greatly.Finally the internet can open our minds.Today we are in an information society internet is an encyclopedic world with extremely rich information.We can timely understand current events access to the latest knowledge and information through the internet.Just like an old saying: Xiucai knows everything under the Heaven though he needn’t to leave his home.Therefore we firmly believe that the internet does more good than harm Thank you 反方一辩Internet plays a very important role in modern life.It has revolutionized our lives in many ways as the affirmative side described.However it is the innovative change of the Internet era that Pandora’s box is opened at the same time.a virtual world Internet provides in which persons surfing on the Internet don’t know each other they just identify others’identification through online login account so that it is lack of basic trust relationship because all you know is only his/her e-mail or QQ number and you should not blindly believe in the Internet.While more and more people lose themselves in online games which is not only waste of money but also waste of time.some feel lost without the internet like a man without a soul a slave to the internet.others even have an addiction problem to the internet to the extent of medical treatment.In addition long-term online all day to autism and indulge in fantasy from reality leads to the state when they reallyface society and the crowd because of distance and imagine the problems are not normal shrinking communicating with people Moreover parents nowadays have been worried about what their kids read and see on-line because of pornography or violent scene being full of Internet and these teenage will go out in real life and function.Consequently Internet is gradually eroded their physical and mental health.Even worse some bad gangs make use of the Internet to steal others’ privacy information damage and control other people’s computer system to launch malicious attack suck as DoS Trojan horse and so on.All of the above statements prove that Internet has done more harm than good to society.二、自由辩论阶段正方1Our viewpoint is “Internet does more advantages than harm”.The spreading speed of traditional books newspapers and magazines is so slow.With the developing of the Internet people can get plenty of information from the networks quickly and conveniently and they feel the world become much smaller.For example we knew the exact news from Internet about the earthquake in WenChuan several minutes after its happening.And the popular word “earth village” can support our opinion too.反方1Excuse me I can’t agree with you.I think Internet do more harm than good.Although we can get information quickly on Internet.But it also brings new problems.For example many Publishing Company went bankrupt and Many people lost their jobs.At the same time the copyright status is very bad in China.There is a joke: a young man to Microsoft interview he answer the interviewer a question and he was driven out.because the interviewer asked him Do you know the price of Microsoft operate system in China The young man asked: 5 yuan.Is this good to you 正方2Although the Internet makes some industriesclosed down but it has also produced some new industries.The defenders only see the Internet makes some people lose jobs but do not see the Internet gives more people new jobs so the defenders point of view is one-sided.With the development of Internet the communication between people is more easily we can communicate with others through a lot of ways provided by the Internet such as QQ EMAIL chat room and so on.反方2Please note you confuse a basic concept the distance between people is to rely on people themselves to decide ever not the network.The network is changing people s way of communication.In the absence of the Internet era we still can narrow the distance between people therefore it cannot be said that the Internet has shortened the distance between people.On the contrary people put too much effort and emotion in the Internet reduced face-to-face communication with the family friends colleagues so that the distance between two hearts increased it makes people become distant.正方3In addition to the front view of our partners I think the Internet has created a new way of life.Chat online checking information online learning online or even work online people can complete many things remain indoors which is impossible previously.SOHO is now a very popular word it means Small Office and Home Office.This makes it reality for people to choose the way of life and work according to their own interest and hobbies without limitation of time and place.反方3I’m sorry I don’t agree with you.I feel the Internet can help us to do many thing at the same time people become more and more lazy more and more weaker even lost the joy of living.Please look me my weight is 130 pounds 2 years ago now I spend much time on Internet so I am overweight and become weak.正方4Mr.Yan I have to say your point of view is verycreative But I think the weight problems are not necessarily lined with the popularity of the network One of the biggest benefits of the Internet is accelerating the flow of information and spreading education to all corners of the globe.Now there are a lot of searching engines on the Internet such as Google and Baidu we can get whatever information we want within only several seconds.Just like an old saying: Xiucai knows everything under the Heaven though he needs not to leave his home.反方4The other debater please note you only see the benefits of the Internet and ignored the existence of a large number of bad information on the Internet the information has a very bad influence on people especially teenagers and even cause them to crime.According to statistics more than 80 of the minor crime is related to exposure of bad information in the network some minor to indulge in violence pornographic games the game scenes to life by the game of seduction and lead to crime.正方5I must remind the other side debaters.It is because of the high speed developing of networks that the adults pay more attention to the young criminals quickly and adopt efficient measures.Is it not the advantage of the Internet Let’s think about the invention and using of knife it has an analogy to the Internet.反方5Excuse me I oppose you change the focus.I think There is a More severe problem.Please note the remarks of Anti-social and Pseudo-science on Internet.not only young man but also adults are affected.It is very dangerous to all and to our country.Do you can talk the advantage of Internet standing here 正方6When we were young parents and teacher often told us: Pick up the good and throw away the bad.But now you are not only staring at the bad but also exaggerating it It’s wrong Very wrong I would also say Internet is just like a bridge of communicating betweenpeople.It’s a great way to meet up with people of similar interest and discuss common issues saving both money and time.反方6Please note we have already explained this will only increase the distance between people.In the real world interpersonal relations become weak.After all the Internet is only a small part of human life people are to be living in the real world the weak relationships people feel more and more lonely because friends only exist on the Internet in real life there is no real friends.正方7This is just a social problem not the wrong of Internet itself.So we dont need to discuss it.I want to describe another big advantage of the Internet.It is that the Internet makes the electronic commerce vigorous developed.Now more and more shops run online and more and more people like online shopping it brings great convenience to us.For example Ive just bought a pair of leather shoes from the Internet last week it is 30 cheaper than the same products in entity stores besides it also saves a large amount of shopping time for me.反方7The Internet is convenient But please note the Internet is unsafe.hacker computer virus Trojan network fishing and so on It will make the Internet become very terrible.we may have cheated lost money even lost privacy.A newspaper report: A company with millions of assets went backrupt because a young man used the leak of the network.And I believe you remember the movie star CHEN Guan Xi his personal photos were for all to see.The Internet is too unsafe.正方8Although there are secure problems on Internet but we can adopt many technique methods to solve them.Another benefit the Internet brings is entertainment.You can find many ways to amuse yourself.Watching online movies playing online games and talking in chat room can help you relax.Furthermore you can make friends with many fun and kind people all over the world.反方8Yes now the entertainment network is very developed leads to more problems.More and more young people indulging in online entertainment the network has great dependence even morbid.The Internet makes young people confuse the virtual world and the real world influences the young people moral standard of judgment.At the same time the network game had a bad influence to young peoples mental health learning life make them fat decreased performance decreased visual acuity even cant write with a pen.正方9Please pay attention once again what you talked about is not the wrong of Internet itself it is the problem of its users.And it is just the development of online entertainment that have enriched our life and made large contribution to the state GDP.反方9I’m sorry I also please you note.The violent and pornographic scene are often appear in the online games.It constantly hurt the soul of young people make them become depressed.We all know The young people are enthusiastic Dynamic and Positive they are main power of develop of country.thus It is not only the problem of family but also the problem of the society.So let’s far away from the Internet and make the children become well make the society become civilized.正方10I found a very interesting phenomenon.We have list many benefits internet bring to us but you refute all of these through the problems of people not the problems of internet itself.So we still firmly hold that the benefits of the internet are much greater than the negative impacts.反方10Excuse me you ignore the harm of the Internet.It is very dangerous三、总结陈词阶段反方四辩 Generally speaking the internet isa double-edged sword.Like a coin have two side the good side and the bad side yes it really improvement our life in some aspectbut isn’t all.The inter net brought a lot of bother with negative thing.And we don’t have the method for solve.Such as the network deceive divulge privacy too much bad information and so on.and the most important We can’t be 100 to eliminate those problems at least not yet.So the internet is not Perfect world We should not expect too much on the Internet.As we all know the birth of the Internet causes not used to enrich peoples lives but to service the military field so I think it is very suitable for the application in the military enterprises companies departments and other areas like that.Although it can be applied to the daily life of ordinary people it still has limitations.As the nuclear weapon action is huge but people must find a way to control it or just opened a Pandoras box the devil will be released.So the most important is how we using the Internet in our life rather than the Internet itself.if we know what we need clearly and how to take advantage of internet responsibly.I am sure it will affect our modern life in a positive way and make our life more wonderful and splendid.正方四辩 Ladies and Gentlemen Good morning We are so happy and lucky for we live inthe information age with rapidly developed technology.And the Internet is a sign of the times.We are sure that the Internet must do more good than harm First of all the Internethas brought us great benefits.As our partners have said the Internet can accelerate the information query narrow the world and make the communication of people more convenient.Despite of shopping online learning onlineand message delivery even the debate today we’ve collected a lot of information on Internet.The Internethas opened for us a convenient way enriched our life andacceleratedthe progress of our society.Secondly everything has two sides so does the Internet.As the defenders stated TheInternet has some drawbacks while it brings us convenience.But the harm of Internet strictly speaking is the wrong of people.Some people usethe benefits of Internet to commit a crime spread the bad information while other people use the net unhealthily indulging in Internet game wasting too much time in Internet.But all of these are not wrong for Internet itself but for the people who use it.And It is just like a knife initially created in order to solve some problems in life but someone use it to murder while the knife is not wrong in itself.Thirdly the good of Internet must be more thanitsharm.If not perhaps the Internet has died out in its development.If Internet does more harm than goodit must be disgusted by people.Could the number of people in our country using Internet will be more than one hundred million If Internetcan do more harm than good sosmart as the United States will it vote heavily in the construction of theInternet Finally the harm of the Internetcan be completely avoided.As long as we strengthen the network protection many security problems can be avoidedand if dont loss prevention and alert for some small profits in the Internetwe can reducethe chance of being deceived.At the same time we have to control the time of being online to keep health the relevant departments should also strengthen the management of the Internet control the spreading of harmful information so that the Internetruns in a healthy environment.As Lu Xun had said when the windows openIn not only the fresh air but also the flies and mosquitoes.Lets expand the good of Internet reduce its harm and make the Internet be our good teacher and friend Thank you第三篇:英语辩论稿一辩陈词自由辩:二辩:纸质书比电子书更有利于身体健康.There is no doubt about the rapid development of the e-book ,but we don’t think that paper-books will be replaced by e-books.Nowadays, people are paying more and more attention to health issues.It is important to realize that e-books are easy to cause damage of our eyes and vision loss;And there are other health risks using e-books.When we read e-books rather than paper-books for a long time, paper-books are more healthier to the readers.反方二辩:看纸质书看久了也会对视力不好It is important to realize that paper-books are also easy to cause damage of our eyes and vision loss when we read for a long time.For example, Sushi(苏轼)is also a myopia man.一辩:纸质书给作者的版权保护更完整,更能保证收入,而且纸质书拥有的是所有权而电子书只是使用权Another problem is the copyright.Despite the current paper-book rampant piracy problem, it can protect the benefits of the author’s better than e-books.E-books raises the popularity of piracy.Although people may need to pay for their downloading some e-books, but in more cases ,the user only need click his mouse.And the writer usually get less payment for their books.The press often choose to publish real books and just provide a part of the book on the internet, thus we can be sure that paper-books give the press and their writers much more return than e-books.反方三辩:现在的盗版书猖獗,一样没有版权提问:电子书携带方便,传播方便,纸质书就做不到。
英式辩论赛辩题大全(3篇)
第1篇一、政治与经济类1. 政府应该加大对环境保护的投入还是增加社会福利?2. 非政府组织在国际事务中的角色应该加强还是削弱?3. 全球化对发展中国家的影响是积极还是消极?4. 经济自由化对发展中国家的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利?5. 政府应该通过立法来限制企业合并还是让市场自由调节?二、社会与文化类1. 社交媒体对青少年的影响是正面还是负面?2. 应否在学校教育中增加性教育课程?3. 文化多样性对国家的发展是利大于弊还是弊大于利?4. 媒体应该对公众人物进行严格审查还是给予更多自由?5. 政府应该对网络言论进行监管还是保护公民言论自由?三、科技与教育类1. 人工智能对人类就业的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利?2. 教育应该更加注重知识传授还是培养学生的创新能力?3. 网络教育对传统教育模式的冲击是正面还是负面?4. 应否在高考中增加综合素质评价?5. 学校应该对学生进行跨学科教育还是加强专业知识学习?四、法律与道德类1. 贫困犯罪率高是因为贫困还是法律制度不完善?2. 罪犯是否应该有改过自新的机会?3. 法律应该保护个人隐私还是维护国家安全?4. 道德与法律的关系:道德高于法律还是法律高于道德?5. 负面新闻应该被限制传播还是自由报道?五、国际关系类1. 应否参与国际维和行动?2. 国际贸易中,保护主义政策对发展中国家的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利?3. 气候变化对国际关系的影响:合作还是对抗?4. 应否在国际事务中推行民主价值观?5. 国际恐怖主义对世界和平的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利?六、生活与娱乐类1. 网络游戏对青少年身心健康的影响是正面还是负面?2. 应否对网络直播内容进行监管?3. 艺术作品应该追求商业价值还是艺术价值?4. 看电影、听音乐等娱乐活动对人们的生活质量是提升还是降低?5. 环保购物是否应该成为人们的生活习惯?以上辩题涵盖了政治、经济、社会、文化、科技、教育、法律、道德、国际关系和日常生活等多个领域,适合英式辩论赛的各个阶段。
英式辩论规则及流程12个人
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英式辩论规则
英式辩论规则
尊敬的评委、各位观众,今天我们要讨论的辩题是“应该废除学校制服”。
我代表反方,坚信学校制服应该被废除。
首先,学校制服限制了学生的个性发展。
每个学生都是独一无二的个体,他们应该有权利展示自己的个性和风格。
穿着统一的制服会让学生们失去展示自己的机会,这对他们的个性发展是一种限制。
其次,学校制服给家庭增加了经济负担。
许多学校的制服价格昂贵,对于一些家庭来说是一笔不小的开支。
废除学校制服可以让家庭省下一笔开支,减轻家庭的经济负担。
再者,学校制服并不能解决学校的纪律问题。
一些人认为学校制服可以减少学生的纪律问题,但事实上,学生的行为与他们的着装并没有直接关联。
学校应该通过其他方式来解决纪律问题,而不是依靠学校制服。
最后,废除学校制服可以让学生更加自由地选择自己的着装。
学生可以根据自己的喜好和气质来选择适合自己的服装,这有助于
提高学生的自信心和自尊心。
综上所述,学校制服应该被废除。
它限制了学生的个性发展,增加了家庭的经济负担,并不能解决学校的纪律问题。
废除学校制服可以让学生更加自由地选择自己的着装,有助于提高他们的自信心和自尊心。
谢谢。
英式辩论规则
英式辩论规则
辩题,应该禁止动物园的存在。
尊敬的评委、各位观众,今天我们要就“应该禁止动物园的存在”这一议题展开辩论。
首先,我们认为应该禁止动物园的存在。
动物园的存在并不符合动物的自然生活方式,它们被限制在有限的空间内,无法自由活动。
在动物园中,动物们的自然行为和生活环境都受到了限制,这对它们的身心健康都是一种伤害。
其次,动物园的存在也会给动物们带来潜在的危险。
在动物园中,动物们可能会受到游客的捣乱或攻击,甚至可能因为环境不适应而患上各种疾病。
这些都是我们不愿意看到的,因此我们认为应该禁止动物园的存在,以保护动物们的生存和健康。
另一方面,一些人认为动物园的存在能够让更多的人接触到动物,增加对动物的了解和保护意识。
但我们认为这并不是一个合理的理由。
现在,人们可以通过各种方式了解动物,比如电视、互联网等,而不必非要去动物园。
而且,一些动物园中的动物并不是当
地的物种,这样反而可能会给当地的生态环境带来威胁。
综上所述,我们认为应该禁止动物园的存在,以保护动物的权益和生存环境。
谢谢。
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英国议会制辩论及其对高校英语教学的启示2009-11-04 23:36:05 作者:任亮娥绍兴文理学院外国语学院来源:绍兴文理学院学报浏览次数:217 网友评论0 条中图分类号:G642.41 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-293X(2008)11- 0062- 041.引言 ^20世纪80年代中期,北京大学代表中国高校参加了新加坡创办的亚洲大专辩论赛后,大学生辩论赛开始风靡全国,各种形式的国内国际辩论赛开始层出不穷,许多高校成立.了辩论协会,为大学生搭建了展现自我、交流思想、追求真理、探索问题、关注社会热点的平台.成为大学校园中一项学生乐于参加的校园文化活动。
在普遍开展的辩论活动中,英语辩论赛也越来越受3高等院校的重视。
目前国家级与国际级英语辩论赛有"外研社杯"全国英语辩论赛(FLTRP Cup Nat ional Debate Tournamsnt)、亚洲大专英语辩论赛(Asian University Debate Championshi ps)、全亚校际辩论锦标赛(All-Asians Intervarsity Debate Championships)、世界大学英语辩论赛(Wetld Uni versity Debate Cham p ionships)、国际辩论教育协会英语辩论赛(International Debate Education Associat ion简禾尔IDEA)。
"外研社"杯英语辩论赛创办于1997年,现已成功举办了十届,是目前全国规模最大、水平最高的英语辩论赛。
这一活动的开展促进了我国高校的外语教学,也激发了广大高校学生的外语学习兴趣,加强了校际间的广泛交流与合作,对于培养大学生的良好素质具有许多积极的意义。
近年来,外研社组织优胜选手参加了三届世界大学生辩论赛(WUDC),这标志着我国高校与国际间高校的交流和合作拉开了序幕,而且在2007年1月加拿大温哥华第27届世界大学英语辩论赛中,第十届"外研社"杯全国英语辩论赛亚军身份参赛的清华大学代表队经过几轮鏖战,一举夺得组(英语作为一种外语)冠军,这更加鼓舞着我国英语学习者的热情。
2006年11月在北京外国语大学举办了由国际辩论教育协会(简称IDEA)与北外共同承办的首届北京国际英语辩论赛(IDEA BFSU the People S^eak Debate Tournament),进一歩推动了我国高校英语教育事业的发展。
辩手们在辩论场上的对阵与较量,一方面充分展示了高校学生的英语综合素质和实力,另一方面从参赛选手、指导教师、大赛评委的感言中也看到了他们的差距与不足。
鉴于此,笔者认为了解国际级英语辩论赛的性质、特点、要求、规则和评判,不仅有助于培养和提高学生的英语辩论能力,而且对提升高校英语教育质量有借鉴和指导意义。
2.议会制辩论2.1来源议会制是西方国家的一种民主制度,又是一种国家政体。
英国是产生议会最早的国家,它历史最长,经验最丰富,许多国家的议会制度都效仿英国,因而英国的议会制被称为"议会制的典型"和"议会之母"。
英国议会是最高权力机关和最高的立法机关,其地位在行政和司法机关之上,由英王、贵族院(上议院)、平民院(下议院)三部分组成。
议会每次年会开幕之际女王向议会两院联席会议致议会开幕辞,宣布政府在本次年会的内外政策和立法规划。
然后首相向平民院的全院大会提出动议,就政府的全年政策展开辩论,并予以表决。
此外,政府还就某一政策领域动议全院大会围绕政府的政策举行辩论。
因此人们通常将议会辩论定义为:"立法机关依议事规则围绕一项动议所举行的正式讨论、争辩和表决。
2.2应用议会制辩论是世界高校学术辩论采用的主要形式,是从英国下议院的辩论制度发展而来,在各大辩论赛中由于传统不同采用的具体议会制形式也有所不同,但辩论的特征、规则基本相同,均提倡辩题集中、态度鲜明、时间限定、观点碰撞、思想交锋、反驳及时有力,具有挑战性。
目前通用的英语辩论赛形式主要有两种:美国议会制辩论(American Parlianentaiy Style Debate)和英国议会制辩论。
"外研社杯"全国英语辩论赛采用的是美国议会制辩论形式,(British Parliamentary Style Debate)世界大学生辩论赛采用的是国际通行的英国议会制辩论形式。
本文主要介绍英国议会制辩论的规则和要求。
3.英国议会制辩论简介3.1辩论组队英国议会制辩论(BP)是一种独特的形式,通行于英国和世界大学生辩论赛中,有时也称为"dow n–the-table" debating。
辩论由the Proposition or Government and Opposition两方组成,分别代表政府和反对党,亦即正方和反方。
每方由两个队组成:正方一队称为Opening Government,正方二队称为Closing Government反方一队称为Opening Opposition,反方二队称为Closing Opposition;同一方的两队必须立场一致,相互支持但各队又在规则范围内以最有说服力的论辩为己队赢得比赛。
换言之,辩论中正反方以不同观点交锋的同时,同一方两队也在较量,展示自己的实力,而且OG和OO在辩论时尽量使己方的"同盟"没有机会提供新的论点或证据,以求取胜。
每队有两个成员组成,均有指定称呼。
详见下表:正方OG: Prime Minister Deputy Prime Minister 反方OO :Leader of the Opposition Deputy Leader of the OppositionCG: Member of the Government Government Whip CO :Member of the Opposition Opposition Whip3.2辩论特点BP辩论的一个特点在于辩题是以动议(Motion)的形式给出,当场抽签决定各自的立场,正方支持动议,反方进行反驳,准备15分钟后,比赛开始,双方对所给出的动议进行论争。
辩论动议模式为英国下议院式"本院认为...(This House believes that...)。
"动议往往与当前时事、文化习俗、热门话题相关,具有争议性。
很多动议与政府的决议有关,思辩性极强。
辩论的目的在于检验正方对动议的定义是否可行、合理。
但有时动议范围宽泛或较模糊,如:This House believes that Coke is it.这种情况下正方一队有权定义动议,进行限制、明确或解释,反方必须根据正方给出的定义论辩;若正方动议定义不具可辩性或含糊不清,反方一队可进行挑战,替换动议定义,但要经评委认定和同意。
BP辩论的另一特点是POI (Roint of Information),意即当对方一成员发言时,若己方对其陈述的论点、论证、事实等有疑问或反对或认为是错误的,可在允许时间内(第2分钟到第6分钟)起立打断发言人进行质疑或提问,发言者可选择接受或拒绝,不过一旦接受就必须回应。
按规定每位成员在7分钟的发言时间内,需接受至少两次由反方提出的质询(POI)。
3.3辩论程序BP辩论中四支参辩队有明确的分工和角色,辩论时要遵循严格的程序和规则,每位成员有规定的名称发言,也有时间、顺序、职责和分工,且发言内容要求也有别。
发言次序依正反方交替进行,大体为:(1)Prime Minister(PM):定义或解释动议,提出论点并有理由论证,论据支撑;(2)Leader of the Opposition (LO):反驳PM,并提出己方的论点、理由论证及论据;(3)Deputy Prim Minister (DPM):对LO进行反驳,进一歩明细己方论点、深化理由、扩充论据;(4)Deputy Leader of the Opposition (DLO):反驳DPM,进一歩明细己方论点、深化理由、扩充论据;(5)Mem ber of the G over nm ent (MG):反驳DLO,进一歩扩展、延伸、充实正方一队论点;也可从新角度提供相关事实或论据支持己方观点或提出新理由进行论证;(6) Member of the Opposition (MO):反驳MG,进一歩扩展、延伸反方一队论据;也可从新角度提供相关事实或论据支持己方观点或提出新理由进行论证;(7) Government Whip (GW):反驳MO),一般不再提出新理由,可补充信息或论据,重在总结正方论点、理由、有力的论据,并指出对方辩论中的漏洞、谬误等。
(8) Opposition Whip (OW):反驳G W,不允许提出新论点,可补充信息或论据,重在总结反方论点、理由、有力的论据,并指出对方辩论中的漏洞、谬误等。
3.4评判标准在母语为非英语国家举行的英语辩论赛中,英语语言虽很重要,但只是一个基础,是一种工具,不是比试的重点。
重点评判依据是动议定义是否明确可辩、观点是否鲜明、论证是否有力、反驳是否到位、辩论技巧如何、团队精神、参与程度。
英语表述为content,strategy and style (sometimes known as matter,metho d andmanner),即为大家熟知的内容、技巧和风格三要素。
具体如下:首先内容要切题。
动议定义解释明确,论点鲜明,论证过程条理严谨,论据有说服力,理由充分,逻辑性强,反驳及时、有力。
其次要讲究技巧或策略。
包括动议定义、履行自身职责和分工、团队合作表现、言语组织和表达、思维敏捷以及时间的合理使用。
此外有鲜明的风格或方式。
主要指辩手辩论时的语言感染力、说服力、清晰度、措辞、语速变化、强弱以及适当的身势语言。
总之,英国议会制辩论是一种极其严格且又相当复杂的辩论形式,本文只是做一简单介绍,旨在通过了解辩论的有关知识促进我国高校英语教育事业的发;展,加强与国际间的交往。
4.高校英语教育的现状"除了语言以外,我发现中国的选手在逻辑和思辨能力上,也不及西方的选手。
我个人认为这有两方面的原因,一是我国长期以来的教育,对于学生的自主思维和质疑能力强调不够;二是我们在选材时,由于语言的限制,只能主要从英语专业的学生中挑选,而国外选手在具备无悔可击的英语表达能力的同时,也有着广泛的学科背景,如法学、政治、哲学、社会学等。
这都使得中国选手在许多场次的辩论中感到有些力不从心。
"这是来自参加2005年世界大学生辩论大赛后一位选手的感言,从中我们不难看出我国学生在英语语言能力、知识结构、思辩能力等方面的差距。