2017-2018年上海市七宝中学高三上第一次联考
2017-2018年上海市七宝中学高三第一学期期中英语试卷

2017-2018七宝中学高三第一学期期中试卷Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary(第二大题每小题1分。
共20分。
)Section ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Chinese president Xi Jinping said yesterday that the central government will,21________ always,support the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in growing its economy and improving people's well-being.Xi was speaking on his arrival at Hong Kong International Airport for a three-day trip to attend celebrations 22________(mark)the 20h anniversary of Hong Kong's return to the motherland and the inauguration of is fifth-term government.He will also inspect the HKSAR. Speaking23________ reporters,Xi said his Hong Kong tour would serve to express best wishes for the HKSAR,showcase the central government's support,and help the region plan its future.“I'm pleased 24________(set) foot in Hong Kong once again after nine years.“Xi said,“Hong Kong's development has always pulled at my heartstrings.”Xi congratulated the HKSAR on the great achievements 25_________,had made over the past 20 years since its establishment,and encouraged it to create "new glory.” The central government,which 26________(offer) its strong backing for Hong Kong over the past 20 years,will support the HKSAR in growing its economy and improving people's well-being,He also said he would be joining people from all walks of life in Hong Kong to review the city's extraordinary 20-year journey,sum up its experience and plan the future to ensure the smooth and long-term successful practice of 27 ________ “one country,two systems" policy. The trip is Xi's first to Hong Kong as Chinese president. Tomorrow's 20h anniversary will be an important 28________ joyous occasion for both the country and the city. The president added:"I believe that through the series of events 29 ________ (stay)in Hong Kong,our determination and confidence in developing and building a 30 ________(good) Hong Kong will surely be enhanced.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can onlyFrench multinational pharmaceutical and demo-cosmetics giant Pierre Fabre is reinforcing its Online 31 to expand its reach to customers in China.Bertrand Parmentier, CEO of Pierre Fabre Group,said tat global cosmetic markets are becoming more and more consumer-centric due o the digital 32________,which requires business to build direct relati onship with customers.“33________our proposition of values builds wit the offering of products, which was recommended and promoted by pharmacists or beauty advisors(in physical stores).Now.on top of these, the direct relationship with consumers is also veryimportant"Said Parmentie r.“it is a 34________in the habits of consumers.The new generation in China are digital natives.”he said.“These digital natives give us opportunities to establish regular relationships.”So far, the company, which35________ is online business in China in Sepember2015,has established partnerships with leading Chinese e-commerce platforms Tmall and JD.Parmentier 36________ Pierre Fabre is planning to embrace more online distribution platforms in China to maintain long-term growth.Although the group is expecting to 37________ more turnover online in China, Parmenier said it is not necessary to pit online and offline channels against one another,adding that the two are complementary.(互补)“That is why we do not have to37________ or shift from one to zero but we have to articulate (结合)online and offline strategies.Y ou have two legs and you have to combine the two. The Bdemand of Chinese consumers creates ample opportunities for cosmetic developers.In recent decades,almost all globally leading cosmetic brands have launched distribution in China.“The competition is fierce”,Parmentier said."Sticking to differentiation is the key 40C behind the company's development in the Chinese market.”Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (45)Direetions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons.It is a very common,though normally temporary,41________ of a breakup,divorce,or loss of any important long-term relationship.In these cases,loneliness may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the 42________ from social circles.The loss of a significant person in one's life will typically initiate a grief response;in this situation,one might feel lonely,even while in the company of others.Loneliness may also result from any socially disruptive(破裂的)event,such as moving from one's home town into 43________communities leading to homesickness.Loneliness can also occur inplaces with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to 44________.There are many different ways used to 45________ loneliness.The first step that most doctors recommend to patients is therapy.Short term therapy typically occurs over a period of ten to twenty weeks.During therapy,emphasis is put on understanding the cause of the problem, 46________the negative thoughts,feelings,and attitudes resulting from the problem,and exploring ways to help the patient feel connected.Some doctors also recommend 47________ therapy as a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system.It may take several attempts before a suitable anti-depressant medication is found.Some patients may also develop a resistance to a certain type of medication and need to 48________ periodically.Another treatment is animal-assisted therapy.Studies and surveys indicate that the presence of animal companions such as dogs,cats,rabbits,and guinea pigs can 49________ feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers.Beyond the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for 50________with other pet owners.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention there are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership,such as lowered blood pressure.In addition,someother alternative approaches may include exercise,dieting,etc,which many patients find have a 51________ effect on relieving symptoms.Results of a study also suggest that correcting manipulative social cognition(认知)offers the best chance of 52________ loneliness.Nevertheless,loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the 53________process.In some people,temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to notable artistic and creative expression,for example,as was the case with poet Emily Dickinson,and numerous musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity,54________,it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals 55________ creative activities.41.A,type B.concern C.consequence D.evidence42.A.withdrawal B.absence C.disappearance D.presencermal B.uncertain C.relevant D.unfamiliar44.A.turn to B.interact with C.long for D.share with45.A.release B.observe C.monitor D.treat46.A.reversing B.directing C.measuring D.pursuing47.A.long-term B.sightseeing C.patient D.group48.A.quit B.evolve C.switch D.exercise49.A.confirm B.protest C.enhance D.ease50.A.socializing B.interfering paring D.coping51.A.historic B.restorative C.decisive D.permanent52.A.promoting B.enhancing C.reducing D.striving53.A.creative B.musical C.artistic D.poetic54.A.however B.therefore C.rather D.otherwise55.A.restricted to B.engaged in C.concerned about D.altered byB:Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questionsor unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choosethe one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes,how have Japan's tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings-500 or so wooden pagodas,tower-shaped buildings -remained standing for centuries?Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries,many attributed the resilience(抗震”性)of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira,which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree.But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda-hanging loosely down through the middle of the building.The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira,the central column?The best way to understand the shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida,a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology.Mr.Ishida, known to his students as“Professor Pagoda”has built a series of models and tested them on a “shake-table” in his laborato ry.In short,the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum(钟摆). Under pressure,a pagoda's lose floors could be made to side back and forth independently. Viewed from the side,the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance -witheach floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbors above and below.The shinbashira,running up through a hole in the centre of the building,made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance,they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that,because of the building tapers(锥形), with each floor plan being smaller than the one below,none of the vertical(垂直的)columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above.In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building.More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other.They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves(屋檐)also play a part.Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers.The bigger the mass at each end of the pole,the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance.The same holds true for a pagoda.With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles,the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging,never an abrupt shaking.56.In a Japanese pagoda,the shinbashira is designed to_________________.A.bear certain amount of weight of the pagodaB.bend under pressure the way a tall tree doesC.connect the floors with pagoda's baseD.stop the floors from moving too far57.Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to_________________.A.apply the pendulum into practiceB.gain insight into the “shake-table”modelC.learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD.locate shinbashira exact position in a pagoda58.What is the best title for the passage?A.How Shinbashira Plays its RoleB.Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC.Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD.Shuzo Ishida,a Distinguished Engineer(B)Basketball,baseball and soccer are classic sports that people will always enjoy.And yet we keep changing popular games like these in new ways to keep them fresh.Underwater hockeyThis game is played in swimming poolswith two teams of six players.Each playerhas lippers(蛙鞋),a snorkel and a stick usedfor hiting a puck(圆盘).Each team earnspoints by hitting the puck into itsunderwater goal. Other team members mustbe ready to take the puck when a team member goes up for air.That makes underwater hockey a true team sport.ChessboxingA sport can also be revised by mixing itwith another game.In chessboxing,twoplayers compete on the chess board and inthe ring. First,their minds are tested in agame of chess. Then they use their strengthin a round of boxing.They repeat this for 11rounds.The winner beats the loser inchess,knocks him out while boxing or getsmore boxing points.BossaballThis exciting sport is part volleyball andpart soccer.But unlike both of those sports,players jump up and down throughout thegame.That's because it's played on aninfatable(可充气的)volleyball court with atrampoline on either side of the net.Oneplayer bounce on the trampoline while up tofour others stand around it.A team can touchthe ball six times before sending it backacross the net.Each player may touch theball once with arms or twice with other bodyparts.CycleballAnother fun game to watch,cycleball is likeindoor soccer on wheels.Each player rides aspecial bike designed for the game.Likesoccer,a team must put the ball in a goal.However,there is a catch.The ball can onlybe touched with the bikes'wheels or theplayers'heads.This game requires a lot ofpractice to learn the skills needed.Though these sports may not be common,give them a look or even a try.59.Why does the author think Underwater Hockey is a true team sport?A.Because all players in a team wear the same flippers and use a stick to hit a puck.B.Because each player in a team has to cooperate with other team members in the match.C.Because it is played underwater,the game is more dangerous than the sports played on land.D.Because each team earns points by hitting the puck into its underwater goal.60.In Chessboxing,the winner will be the one whoA.wins both in chess and in boxingB.defeats his opponent in chessC.wins in chess or in boxingD.can knock his opponent out of the boxing ring6l.According to the article at most how many players in all can take part in a Bossaball match?A.4B.6C.8D.1062.In cycleball, the author mentions catch, whose meaning may be________.A.sportB.skillC.ruleD. practiceCY ANG YUANQING,Lenovo's boss,hardly spoke a word of English until he was about 40: he grew up in rural poverty and read engineering at university,But when Lenovo bought IBM's Personal computer division in 200s he decided o immerse himself in English: he moved his family to North Carolina,hired a language tutor and-the ultimate sacrifice -spent hours watching cable-TV news.Lenovo is one of a growing number of multinationals from the non-Anglophone world that have made English their official language.The fashion began in places with small populations but global ambitions such as Singapore and Switzerland.Corporate English is now invading more difficult territory,such as Japan.Rakuten,a cross between Amazon and eBay,and Fast Retailing,which operates the Uniqlo fashion chain,were among the first to switch.Now they are being joined by old-economy companies such as Honda,a carmaker,and Bridgestone,a tyremaker.Chinese firms are proving harder to handle:they have a huge internal market and are struggling to enrol competent managers of any description,let alone English-speakers.But some are following Lenovo's lead. Huawei has introduced English as a second language and encourages ambitious employees to become fluent.There are some obvious reasons why multinational companies want a lingua franca(共通语).Adopting English makes it easier to recruit global stars (including board members),reach global markets and assemble global production teams.Such steps are especially important to companies in Japan,where the population is shrinking.Tsedal Neeley of Harvard Business School says that “Englishnisation"can stir up a hornet's nest of emotions.Ms Neeley argues that companies must think carefully about implementing a policy that touches on so many emotions.Senior managers should explain to employees why switching to English is so important,provide them with classes and conversation groups,and offer them incentives(刺激)to improve their fluency.Those who are already proficient in English should speak more slowly and try not to dominate conversations.And managers must act as referees and enforcers,resolving conflicts and discouraging staff from return to their native tongues.Intergovernmental bodies like the European Union are obliged to pretend that there is no predominant global tongue.But businesses worldwide are facing up to the reality that English is the language on which the sun never sets.63.Lenovo's boss made ail the efforts to familiarize himself with English exceptA.hiring a language tutorB.resettling in an English-speaking environmentC.expanding the business overseasD.exposing himself to English Cable-TV news64.What can we infer from the passage?A.Most Chinese firms would like to introduce corporate English.B.Chinese firms are in great need of English majors as their managers.C.Huawei followed Lenovo as the second largest multinational in China.D.Adopting corporate English is more difficult in places with a large population.65.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The decrease in population pushes the Japanese to learn English well.B.Neither the governmental bodies nor businesses will regard English as a global tongue.panies should handle employees' emotions carefully during the switch.D.Those good at English should be encouraged to speak more in the company.66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.English-Global Tongue in BusinessB.English-Chinese Business Leaders' New FashionC.English-The Best Tool in CommunicationD.English-Dominating Factor of Successful BusinessSection CDirections:Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below.EachWith the arrival of the age of “information economy",intellectual work is becoming a more important source of wealth than anizations in all walks of life are doing more to spread their information.67______________.A lot of our news is actually collected from press releases and reports of events intentionally staged for journalists.In the information age, journalists spend their time,not investigating,but passing on the words of a spokesperson.There is a joke in the novel Scoop about the newspaper's owner,Lord Copper.68______________. When he's right about something they answer “definitely",and when he's wrong they say “to some extent,Lord Copper."It seems reasonable to suppose that,in the real world,the opinions of such powerful people still influence the journalists and editors who work for them.In countries where the news is not officially controlled,it may be provided by commercial organizations who depend on advertising.The news has to attract viewers and maintain itsaudience ratings.I suspect that some stories get air-time just because there happen to be exciting pictures to show.In Britain,we have the tabloid newspapers which millions of people read simply for entertainment.There is progressively less room for historical background,or statistics,which are harder to present as a sensational story.There is an argument that with spreading access to the internet and cheap technology for recording sound and images we will all be able to find exactly the information we want.People around the world will be able to publish their own eye-witness accounts and compete with the widely-accepted news-gatherers on equal terms.69______________. Any web log may contain the latest information of the year,or equally,a made-up story that you will never be able to check.Maybe the time has come to do something about it,and I don't just mean changing your choice of TV channel or newspaper.In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices:switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust.70______________.Section D Summary (10分)Directions:Summarize the following passage with no more than 60 words.Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.However,whether you are on the mountains,in the waves,or on the grassland,you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry.Golf,as you may know,eats up not only large areas of countryside,but also tons of water.Besides,all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain,golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.Y ou don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes;and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free,power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly,it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious,sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up,you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”.They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports center s. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors,in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all,it's free.第Ⅱ卷(共40分)I.T ranslation(第1-2句每句3分;第3句4分;第4句5分,共15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.1.这是他第一次夸奖我的衣着。
上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三10月月考英语试题 Word版含答案

七宝中学2017-2018学年高三月考(十月)英语试卷第I卷(共95分)I. Listening Comprehension (30)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 100 dollars. B. 200 dollars. C. 300 dollars. D. 600 dollars.2. A. In the hospital. B. At a nursery. C. At a police station. D. In a library.3. A. April. B. May. C. June. D. July.4. A. Go to visit the writer. B. Buy her new book.C. Ignore her new book.D. Write a book review.5. A. Jogging. B. Basketball. C. Swimming. D. Throwing.6. A. The lady’s room is far.B. She has to sign up for using the lady’s room.C. She is not able to use the lady’s room right now.D. He will lead her to the lady’s room.7. A. He will read it on Saturday. B. He will lend it to Sandy first.C. He will lend it to Jane first.D. He will keep the paper until Sunday.8. A. He probably just has got a headache.B. There’s no air-conditioner in the room.C. She thinks he is not seriously sick.D. She thinks he should go to see the doctor.9. A. They couldn’t change the plan.B. They should change their plan.C. She doesn’t believe the weather forecast.D. She thinks the basketball game won’t last.10. A. He can come for next party. B. He can bring his wife along to the party.C. He can stay at home for his wife.D. She will change the time of the party.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They believed that he would realize his dream.B. They offered him help to achieve his dream.C. They didn’t believe that his dream would come true.D. They made no response to his announcement.12. A. That he was encouraged by the teacher.B. That he was encouraged by the local paper editor.C. That his first poem was published.D. That he was encouraged by a professional writer.13. A. It reminds him of his school life.B. It reminds him that dreams will come true through efforts.C. It reminds him how poor he used to be.D. It reminds him of the local paper.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Gardening. B. How to take care of birds.C. How to feed birds.D. How to get birds to the garden.15. A. Fruit, water and insects. B. Plants, sleeping place and food.C. Variety of plants, food and water.D. Different types of plants, seed and insects.16. A. Change the water for them. B. Play with them.C. Not to approach them.D. Play the music for them.Section CListen to a conversation between a student and a clerk in the bookstore.17. Why can the man NOT find the book he needs?A. The bookstore is sold out of the book.B. The bookstore he is in does not carry the book.C. His professor did not order enough copies of the book.D. The book is not being used for any course offered at the university.18. What does the woman offer to do for the student?A. Save a copy of the book for him as soon as it comes inB. Order more copies of the bookC. Call the computer store across the streetD. Find a store that sells the book if he cannot find it19. How does the man react to the information the woman gives him about where computerscience books are sold?A. He is embarrassed that he did not think of it himself.B. He suggests that the information be posted in the store.C. He apologizes for bothering the woman.D. He is annoyed that the woman did not tell him sooner.20. Why does the woman say this [ You are not buying it in advance for next year oranything.]A. To determine how urgent the student’s need is.B. To figure out why the book is not listed on the computer.C. To find out what level computer science course the man is taking.D. To explain why the book might be sold out.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Mystery of the White Gardenia(Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia栀子花was delivered to my house. No card or note came with it. )…I don’t remember ever slamming my door ( 21 )________ anger at her and shouting,” you just don’t understand!”, ( 22 )____________ she did understand.One month before my high-school graduation, my father died of a heart attack. My feelings ranged from grief to abandonment, fear and ( 23 )_________( overwhelm ) anger that my dad was missing some of the most important events in my life. I became completely uninterested in my upcoming graduation, the senior-class play and the prom. But my mother, in the midst of her own grief, ( 24 )_______not hear of my skipping any of those things.The day before my father died, my mother and I ( 25 ) ____________ ( go ) shopping for a prom dress. We’d found a spectacular one, with yards and yards of dotted Swiss in red, white and blue, ( 26 ) _______ made me feel like Scarlett O’ Hara, ( 27 )________it was the wrong size. When my father died, I forgot about the dress.My mother didn’t. The day before the prom, I found that dress---in the right size---draped (织物)majestically over the living-room sofa. It wasn’t just delivered, still in the box. It was presented to me---beautifully, artistically, lovely. I didn’t care if I had a new dress or not. But my mother did.She wanted her children to feel (28 )_______ ( love ) and lovable, creative and imaginative, imbued with a sense (29 )_______ there was magic in the world and beauty even in the face of adversity. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see (30 )________ much like the gardenia---lovely, strong and perfect---with an aura(气氛,氛围)of magic and perhaps a bit of mystery.My mother died ten days after I married. I was 22 years old. That was the year the gardenias stopped coming.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Poetry is a kind of writing in which the sound and meaning of groups of words express ideas or emotion in addition to the experiences or strong feelings the writer ____31____. Unlike most other forms of writing, poetry is often written in lines, rather than paragraphs. Poetry also sounds different from other forms of writing, often using rhythm and rhyme to create an interesting sound when read aloud. Poetry catches the attention of a reader because it ____32____to both emotions and senses.Sound is ____33____ the single most important aspect of any poem. The sound that any given word makes, or the sounds that come from specific groups of words used together, are what make poetry so unique as a form of writing. A typical story or report does not focus on the sounds that each _____34____ word makes when read. But poems generally contain few words, so it is important that each word plays a role in making an impact on the reader. Rhythm is the flow of sounds created by successive words in a poem. When you read a poem you can often hear this ____35____ pattern, or “beat,” in the sounds. This is called meter.Some of the oldest and best-known poetry in the world came from Ancient Greece. As far back as 700 BCE, poets there recited their work at public _____36____ and religious ceremonies. The great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer came from Greece. The Greeks eventually ____37____ Roman poets, such as Virgil, who wrote the Aeneid around 200r 30 BCE. In medieval times, poems such as Beowulf, The Divine Comedy by Dante, and The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer were written. Religion and romance became the ____38___ of choice for many poets at that time.Poetry _____39____ even more during the Renaissance period of history, an era of many great cultural achievements. This was the period during which Shakespeare, the most well-known poet, was making his mark! Needless to say, a trend had started. Poetry has continued to grow and change as a form of ____40____ expression in modern times.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When a human infant is born into any other community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, ____41____neither of them has been ____42____in any way either before or during birth.Firstly, and most obviously, new born children are completely ____43____. Apart from a powerful capacity to draw attention on their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new born child can do to ____44____ his own survival. Without ____45____ from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the ____46____ of many new born animals to get to their ____47____ within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in danger, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to ____48____ for themselves. It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally ____49____ on the others that it reveals second ____50____ which it shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn ____51____.For this reason, biologists now suggest that language is “species specific特有的;特定的” to the human race, that is to say, they consi der the human infant to be genetically ____52____ in such a way that it can ____53____ language. This suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just as they are designed to ____54____ upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal ____55____ as well-formed human beings.41. A. provided B. assume C. promised D. predicted42. A. unprotected B. hurt C. damaged D. unhealthy43. A. ignorant B. unknown C. inexperienced D. helpless44. A. ensure B. assure C. emphasize D. solidify45. A. love B. affection C. care D. attention46. A. possibility B. capacity C. try D. attempt47. A. arms B. body C. feet D. limbs48. A. feed B. defend C. protect D. prevent49. A. dependent B. based C. focused D. operated50. A. ability B. feature C. aspect D. specialty51. A. walking B. feeding C. language D. racing52. A. programmed B. set C. arranged D. born53. A. get B. learn C. speak D. acquire54. A. sit B. walk C. stand D. move55. A. abilities B. development C. performance D. behaviorSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AMen of HonorA knight was a mounted warrior of medieval Europe who served a king or other feudal superior, usually in return for land. Knighthood was taken quite seriously and had to be earned.At about the age of eight, a boy would begin training in preparation for knighthood. This young trainee, known as a page(男侍者), would train with mentors to learn about horses, armor, and weapons. Pages practiced fighting with a sword against a wooden stake and learned to skillfully use a bow and arrow. The lady of the castle taught a young page about manners and social graces, as well as how to sing, play instruments, and dance. A priest might give a page religious training and teach him to read and write.By the age of fourteen, the page would become a squire(护卫). A squire was responsible for dressing a knight for battles and tournaments and taking care of the knight's armor and weapons. He would even follow his master on the battlefield to protect him if the knight fell.A squire had to gain skill in using a lance, spear, or sword, so he would practice against a wooden dummy called a quintain(枪靶). The quintain and a shield were hung on a wooden pole, and when hit, the whole structure would spin. The squire would learn to ride up and hit the shield's center, but then quickly move out of the way without getting hit and knocked off his horse by the quintain.At about age twenty, a squire was finally prepared to be called a knight, which involved an extended ceremony. On the evening before becoming a knight, the squire confessed his sins to a priest, was given a symbolic bath, and then fasted in order to cleanse his soul. The squire would dress all in white and stay in a chapel all night praying and watching over his weapons and armor.In the morning, the squire would dress in symbolically-colored clothing: red for his blood, white for purity, and brown for his return to the earth after death. At his induction ([in'dʌkʃən] 入会仪式), the knight swore a code of chivalry, which required him always to be brave, loyal, courteous, and to protect the defenseless. Knighthood was granted by the overlord with an accolade, during which the new knight was tapped on the shoulders or neck with the flat side of the sword.If this new knight ever broke his vows or acted dishonorably, he would be stripped of his knighthood in another ceremony, in which he was "buried." In the Middle Ages, a knight without honor was considered as good as dead.56.What were the responsibilities of a squire?A.Practicing fighting with a sword and using a bow and arrow skillfully.B.Looking after his own weapons and learning manners from the Lady of the castle.C.Confessing his sin and praying for his mentors.D.Dressing a knight for battles or competitions and protecting him.57.What does the underlined word “ chivalry” mean ?A.the noble spirits a knight possessesB.the tough task a knight has to finishC.the high goal a knight must achieveD.the military discipline a knight should obey58.If a knight were to betray the king, what do you think might happen?A. He would be sentenced to death.B. He would be robbed of his title.C. He would be forced to leave Court.D. His land would be returned to the King.59.Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?A. A knight had to be highly born.B. A knight had gone through different stages of training to become a KNIGHT.C. A knight was militarily skillful but not necessarily literate.D. Knighthood started in the Medieval Ages and existed only in England.BReading Your MindModern technology allows scientists to look inside a living human brain to see what is happening. These procedures are safe and painless. By understanding the normal brain activity, doctors and scientists are better able to assess the brain’s behavior during times of injury, disease, and mental illness.CT or CAT scans: Computed tomography (CT) or computerized axial tomography (CAT) shows images of the brain by passing multiple X-ray beams through the brain tissue. CT or CAT scans show a cross-section of the brain. These scans can be used to find brain tumors.MRI scans: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnet to cause the atoms of the brain to shake. MRI sensors pick up the signals emitted ([i'mit] 发出) from the brain’s atoms and a computer interprets them as a picture. M RIs show more detail than CT or CAT scans can. They are especially useful in finding brain tumors that grow on the back of the brain, between the ears.PET scans:Positron emission tomography (PET) is different from other scans because it shows how the brain functions. After a person’s bloodstream is injected with a small dose of glucose (['glu:kəus] 【生化】葡萄糖), which is what gives the brain energy, scanners around the head detect where the glucose moves. The PET scan shows whichpart of the brain use a lot of glucose, which are the more active parts. PET scans are helpful for diagnosing strokes, studying mental illness, and learning how the brain process language.60.How can doctors and scientists understand the brain’s reaction to injur y, disease, ormental illness?A.By contrasting/comparing it with normal brain activities.B.By passing the X-Ray beams through the brain tissue.C.By picking up the signals emitted from the brain’s atoms.D.By being injected with glucose and detecting where it moves.61.By Which two scans mentioned are helpful for diagnosing brain tumors?A. CT / CA T and PETB. MRI and PETC. CT/CA T and MRID. CT and CA T62. If a person suffers from defect in speaking, which scan will a doctor be mostlikely to suggest?A. CT / CATB. MRIC. PETD. Any one of themCThe psychology of innovationWhy are so few companies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centers designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasizes Cialdini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionize popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflictingdirections as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative exchanges within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome’ is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone. ‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’To prove his point, Cialdini cites an interview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was so intelligent she rarely sought advice”.’Writing, visualizing and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Corn Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it often does. Many theorist believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognizing these psychological realities.63. The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point aboutA. recognizing talent.B. working as a team.C. having a shared objective.D. being an effective leader.64. James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover theDNA code because theyA. were conscious of their own limitations.B. brought complementary skills to their partnership.C. were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.D. encouraged each other to realize their joint ambition.65. The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example ofhow to______________________________________________________.A. inspire creative thinking.B. generate concise writing.C. promote loyalty to a group.D. strengthen commitment to an idea.66. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees toA. be aware of their company’s goals.B. feel that their contributions are valued.C. have respect for their co-workers’ achievements.D. understand why certain management decisions are made.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Many people go through life's usual phases of ups and downs, which are common and normal stages in life, but when your self-esteem is low, you may need to know how to boost your self-esteem, since it can lead to problems you may not have thought of.Self-esteem is the measurement or the value of how a person knows his worth and its effects are life-changing and dramatic, since it makes up a person’s attitude and outlook towards life. (67) ______________________ But when self-esteem is low, you can either sulk and be sad or be afraid to try out new things or take risks and chances with your love-life, career, relationships and self-improvement.Self-esteem plays a key role in the maturity of a person, especially when trying to get away from a dangerous situation, going through a series of trials in life. Our normal responses to these circumstances and situations are governed by how we value ourselves and how our decisions are dictated by how we value ourselves and how our decisions are dictated by these conditions.Faced with tough decisions in life, the more self-esteem one has, the better. It is for thatperson to make sound decisions, even in the face of peer pressure or stress at work and at home. Let us try to look into some of the common and best practices which have been tried and tested to help boost self-esteem.Always compliment yourself daily, especially by trying to look for specific tasks you did well for that day and congratulate yourself for it. (68) ____________________ List down all things you are good at doing and achieving, be it a talent, skill, sport or building up other people.You can add more focus to these good points and fuel our passion to do better and make you not only understand yourself more, but also give you the true meaning and measurement of self-worth and this is how you see yourself as important.Appreciation of one’s physical appearance and bearing can also be your source of self-esteem, be it the size and shape of your body, your overall physical structure or unique features. Your body can be your source of pride and will help you understand how you would like others to see you, or work on your physical appearance to boost self-morale and satisfaction.Sometimes when you tend to see things in a different light or perspective from others, don’t focus too much on makin g sure that what you think will cause things to change. (69) _____________________________When you have good self-esteem you will realize that what you did was right and was made under your own food judgment, sound principles and concepts based on your personal outlook and attitude towards life.Do not let negative feedback affect you. Of course, one cannot help but feel bad about negative comments or reactions, but you have to consider that these are tests against your character and personality. (70) ________________________________ So try to look at yourself and see, and if you feel less important or are not satisfied with how you see and look at things, then think about ways on how to boost your self-esteem. You’ll thank yourself for it.第II 卷I.SummaryDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the mainidea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.1. One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door found that he only had one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.2. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?”3. “You don't owe me anything,” she replied. “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said, “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point.4. Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.5. Dressed in his doctor's gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case.6. After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words...“Paid in full with a glass of milk.(Signed)Dr. Howard KellyTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently:”Thank You, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands.”。
2017年至2018-高三上开学考-七宝中学(带参考答案)

七宝中学高三开学考2017.9一. 填空题1. 集合2{|20}A x x x =-<,{|||1}B x x =<,则A B =2. 已知函数211()1log f x x=,则1(1)f-=3. 若复数1112i b i ++-()b ∈R 的实部与虚部相等,则b = 4. 若一个圆锥的母线与轴的夹角为1arcsin 3,则该圆锥的侧面积是底面积的 倍5. 设x ∈R ,向量(,1)a x =,(1,2)b =,且a b ⊥,则||a b +=6.若一个球的体积为,则它的表面积为7. 某几何体的三视图如图所示(单位:cm ),则该几何体的体积为 3cm8. 已知231(1)()n x x x x+++的展开式中没有常数项,*n ∈N 且28n ≤≤,则n = 9. 对所有的x ∈R ,不等式2|20||5|2x x a a ---≤+恒成立,实数a 的取值范围是10. 若圆222x y r +=(0)r >和曲线||||134x y +=恰有六个公共点,则r 的取值集合是 11. 已知数列{}n a 满足1,2,n n n n n a t a ta t a a t+-≥⎧=⎨+-<⎩,且11t a t <<+(2)t >,若n k n a a +=对任意*n ∈N 恒成立,则正整数k 的最小值是12. 已知正四面体1234A A A A ,点5A 、6A 、7A 、8A 、9A 、10A 分别是所在棱的中点,如图,则当110i ≤≤,110j ≤≤,且i j ≠时,数量积12i j A A A A ⋅的不同数值的个数为二. 选择题13. 数列{}n a 中,2221,12016,20172n n n a n n n n⎧≤≤⎪⎪=⎨⎪≥⎪-⎩,则数列{}n a 的极限值为( ) A. 0 B. 1 C. 0或1 D. 不存在 14. 函数()cos 2f x x x =在区间[0,2]π上的零点个数为( ) A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 515. 已知()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数且以2为周期,则“()f x 为[0,1]上的增函数”是“()f x 为[3,4]上的减函数”的( )条件A. 充分不必要B. 必要不充分C. 充要D. 既不充分也不必要16. 已知函数23,1()2,1x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≤⎪=⎨+>⎪⎩,已知a ∈R ,若关于x 的不等式()||2x f x a ≥+ 在R 上恒成立,则a 的取值范围是( ) A. 47[,2]16- B. 4739[,]1616-C. [2]-D. 39[]16-三. 解答题17. 如图,在四棱锥O ABCD -中,底面ABCD 是边长为1的菱形,3ABC π∠=,OA ⊥底面ABCD ,1OA =,M 为OA 的中点,N 为BC 的中点,求异面直线OC 与MN 所成角的余弦值.18. 直线1y kx =+与双曲线2231x y -=相交于不同的两点A 、B . (1)若A 、B 都在双曲线的左支上,求实数k 的取值范围; (2)若以线段AB 为直径的圆经过坐标原点,求实数k 的值.19. 如图,已知在Rt △ABC 中,90C ︒∠=,CBA θ∠=,BC a =,它的内接正方形DEFG 的一边EF 在斜边BA 上,D 、G 分别在边BC 、CA 上,设△ABC 的面积为1S ,正方形DEFG 的面积为2S .(1)试用a 、θ分别表示1S 和2S ; (2)设21()S f S θ=,求()f θ的最大值,并求出此时的θ.20. 对于定义在[0,)+∞上的函数()f x ,若函数()()y f x ax b =-+满足: ① 在区间[0,)+∞上单调递减;② 存在常数p ,使其值域为(0,]p ,则称函数()g x ax b =+为()f x 的“渐近函数”. (1)设2()23f x x x =++,若()0f x ax a --<在[0,)x ∈+∞上有解,求实数a 取值范围;(2)证明:函数()1g x x =+是函数223()1x x f x x ++=+,[0,)x ∈+∞的渐近函数,并求此时实数p 的值;(3)若函数()f x =,[0,)x ∈+∞,()g x ax =,证明:当01a <<时,()g x 不是()f x 的渐近函数.21. 设n A 为数列{}n a 前n 项的和,2(1)n n A a =-()n ∈*N ,数列{}n b 的通项公式32n b n =+()n ∈*N .(1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;(2)若1212{,,,,}{,,,,}n n d a a a b b b ∈⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅,则称d 为数列{}n a 与{}n b 的公共项,将 数列{}n a 与{}n b 的公共项,按它们在原数列中的先后顺序排成一个新数列{}n d , 求1231111nd d d d +++⋅⋅⋅++⋅⋅⋅的值; (3)是否存在正整数r 、s 、t ()r s t <<使得2050r s t a a a b ++=成立,若存在,求出r 、s 、t ;若不存在,说明理由.参考答案一. 填空题1. (1,2)-2. 43. 24. 35.6. 12π7. 32 8. 5 9. (,5][3,)-∞-+∞ 10. {3} 11. 4 12. 9二. 选择题13. B 14. D 15. C 16. A三. 解答题17.8.18.(1);(2)1k =±.19.(1)211tan 2S a θ=,2222sin (1sin cos )a S θθθ=+;(2)49,4πθ=.20.(1))+∞;(2)略,2p =;(3)略.21.(1)2nn a =;(2)24n n d =⋅,数列和的值为16;(3)3r =,11s =,12t =.。
全国名校大联考2017-2018学年高三上学期第一次联考物理试卷 Word版含答案

全国名校大联考2017-2018学年高三第一次联考试卷物理本卷范围:必修①第I卷(选择题共40分)选择题部分共10小题,每小题4分,共40分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,l~7小照只有一个选项正确.8一l0小题有多个选项正确;全部选对的得4分,选对僵不全的得2分,有选错或不答的得0分.1,关于位移和路程,下列理解正确的是A位移是描述物体位置变化的物理量B.路程是精确描述物体位置变化的物理量C只要运动物体的初、末位置确定,位移就确定,路程也确定D物体沿直线向某一方向运动,位移等于路程2.某物体沿水平方向运动,其v-t图象如图所示,规定向右为正方向,下列判断正确的是A在0~l s内,物体做曲线运动B在1~2 s内,物体向左运动,且速度大小在减小C在l~3 s内,物体的加速度方向向右,大小为4 m/s2D.在3s末,物体处于出发点右方3.消防员用绳子将一不慎落入井中的儿童从井内加速向上提的过程中,不计绳子的重力,以下说法正确的是A绳子对儿童的拉力大于儿童对绳子的拉力B消防员对绳子的拉力与绳子对儿童的拉力是一对作用力与反作用力C绳子对儿童的拉力大于儿童的重力D消防员对绳子的拉力大于儿童对绳子的拉力4.如图所示,木块放在水平地面上,在F=6 N的水平拉力作用下向右做匀速直线运动,速度为1 m/s.则下列说法中正确的是A.以1 m/s的速度做匀速直线运动时,木块受到的摩擦力大小为6NB当木块以2 m/s的速度做匀速直线运动时,它受到的水平拉力太子6NC.当用8N的水平拉力使木块运动时,木块受到的摩擦力为8 N ,D.将水平拉力F撤去后,木块运动得越来越慢,木块受到的摩擦力越来越小5.如图所示,相隔一定距离的两个相同圆柱体固定在同一水平高度处,一轻绳套在两圆柱体上,轻绳下端悬挂一重物,绳和圆柱之间的摩擦忽略不计,现增加轻绳长度,而其他条件保持不变,则A.轻绳对物体的作用力的合力将变大B.轻绳对物体的作用力的合力将变小C.轻绳的张力将变大D.轻绳的张力将变小6.如图所示,两轻弹簧a、b悬挂一小铁球处于平衡状态,a弹簧与竖直方向成30°角,b 弹簧水平,a、b的劲度系数分别为女k1,、k2,则a、b两弹簧的伸长量x1与x2之比为7.如图所示,物体A的质量为2m,物体B的质量为m,A与地面间的动摩擦因数为u,B 与地面间的摩擦不计,用水平力F向右推A使A、B-起加速运动,则B对A的作用力大小为8.智能化的电动扶梯.无人乘行时,扶梯运转得很慢;有人站上扶梯时,它会先慢慢加速,再匀速运转.一顾客乘扶梯上楼,恰好经历了这两个过程,如图所示.那么下列说法中正确的是A.匀速运转时,顾客只受到二个力的作用B.顾客始终处于超重状态C.顾客对扶梯作用力的方向先指向左下方,再竖直向下D.顾客对扶梯作用力的方向先指向右下方,再竖直向下9.有一个不断均匀滴水的水龙头,在一种特殊的间歇闪光灯的照射下,若调节间歇闪光时间间隔正好与水滴从A下落到B的时间相同,可以看到一种奇特的现象,水滴似乎不再下落,而是像固定在图中的A、B、C、D四个位置不动,对出现的这种现象,下列描述正确的是(g=10 m/s2)A.水滴在下落过程中通过相邻两点之间的时间满足B.间歇发光的间隔时间是C.水滴在相邻两点之间的位移满足D.水滴在各点速度之比满足V B:V C:V D=1:4:910.如图所示,细线的一端系一质量为m的小球,另一端固定在倾角为θ的光滑斜面体顶端,细线与斜面平行.在斜面体以加速度a水平向右做匀加速直线运动的过、程中,小球始终静止在斜面上,小球受到细线的拉力T和斜面的支持力F N,分别为(重力加速度为g)A.T=m(gsinθ十acosθ)B.T=,m(gcosθ十asinθ)C.F N=m(gcosθ-asinθ)D.F N=m(gcosθ+asinθ)第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共60分)非选择题部分共6小题,把答案填写在答题卷中的横线上或按题目要作答,解答题应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分.有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.11.(8分)某同学做“验证力的平行四边形定则”实验的情况如下图甲所示,其中A为固定橡皮筋的图钉,O为橡皮筋与细绳的结点,OB和OC为细绳,图乙是在白纸上根据实验结果画出的图.(1)实验中用弹簧测力计测量力的大小时,下列使用方法中正确的是A.拿起弹簧测力计就进行测量读数B拉橡皮筋的拉力大小不能超过橡皮筋的弹性限度C测量前检查弹簧指针是否指在零刻线,用标准砝码检查示数正确后,再进行测量读数D应尽量避免弹簧、指针、拉杆与刻度板间的摩擦(2)关于此实验的下列说法中正确的是一____。
上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三上学期第一次联考数学试题

绝密★启用前上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三上学期第一次联考数学试题试卷副标题注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、单选题1.给定集合A ,B ,定义{},,A B x x m n m A n B *==-∈∈,若{}4,5,6A =,{}1,2,3B =,则集合A B *中的所有元素之和为( )A .15B .14C .27D .14-2.已知 a b c R ∈、、,则“240b ac -<”是“函数2()f x ax bx c =++的图象恒在x 轴上方”的( )A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分又不必要条件3.如果函数()y f x =图象上任意一点的坐标(),x y 都满足方程()lg lg lg x y x y +=+,那么正确的选项是( )A .()y f x =是区间()0,∞+上的减函数,且4x y +≤B .()y f x =是区间()1,+∞上的增函数,且4x y +≥C .()y f x =是区间()1,+∞上的减函数,且4x y +≥D .()y f x =是区间()1,+∞上的减函数,且4x y +≤4.设()f x 、()g x 、()h x 是定义域为R 的三个函数,对于命题:①若()()f x g x +、②若()()f x g x +、()()f x h x +、()()g x h x +均是以T 为周期的函数,则()f x 、()g x 、()h x 均是以T 为周期的函数,下列判断正确的是( )A .①和②均为真命题B .①和②均为假命题C .①为真命题,②为假命题D .①为假命题,②为真命题第II 卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明二、填空题5.设集合{}1,2,3A =,{}2,3,4B =,则AB =________6.已知一元二次不等式()0f x <的解集为{}112x x x x ⎧⎫<-⋃>⎨⎬⎩⎭,则()20f x >的解集为________7.设()212,11,11x x f x x x ⎧--≤⎪=⎨>⎪+⎩,则12f f ⎡⎤⎛⎫ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦= . 8.使关于x 的不等式1x k x ++<;有解的实数k 的取值范围是__________. 9.能够说明“设,,a b c 是任意实数,若a b c >>,则a b c +>”是假命题的一组整数,,a b c 的值依次为__________.10.已知不等式2202x xx a+≤+解集为A ,且2A ∈,3A ∉,则实数a 的取值范围是________11.已知0x ≥,0y ≥,且1x y +=,则22xy +的取值范围是_____.12.已知2243,0()23,0x x x f x x x x ⎧-+≤=⎨--+>⎩,不等式()(2)f x a f a x +>-在[,1]a a +上恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________13.已知直线0()f x k x b =+,与曲线2()kg x =交于点(,1),(,2),M m N n -则不等式11()()f x g x --≥的解集为_____.14.若实数x ,y 满足x 2-4xy +4y 2+4x 2y 2=4,则当x +2y 取得最大值时,的值为________.15.已知函数211()2()x x f x x x a e e --+=-++有唯一零点,则a =________16.设()f x 是定义在R 且周期为1的函数,在区间[)0,1上,()2,,x x Df x x x D⎧∈=⎨∉⎩其中集合1,n D x x n N n *⎧⎫-==∈⎨⎬⎩⎭,则方程()lg 0f x x -=的解的个数是____________ 三、解答题17.已知2:010x p x+≥-,22:210q x x m -+-≤(0)m >,且p 是q 的必要不充分条件.求实数m 的取值范围.18.已知函数()()()4log 41xf x kx k R =++∈为偶函数.(1)求k 的值; (2)若方程()4log 12xm f x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭有解,求实数m 的范围. 19.某市对城市路网进行改造,拟在原有a 个标段(注:一个标段是指一定长度的机动车道)的基础上,新建x 个标段和n 个道路交叉口,其中n 与x 满足n =ax +5.已知新建一个标段的造价为m 万元,新建一个道路交叉口的造价是新建一个标段的造价的k 倍. (1)写出新建道路交叉口的总造价y (万元)与x 的函数关系式;(2)设P 是新建标段的总造价与新建道路交叉口的总造价之比.若新建的标段数是原有标段数的20%,且k ≥3.问:P 能否大于120,说明理由. 20.已知函数()1log (01)1axf x a x-=<<+. (1)求函数()f x 的定义域D ,并判断()f x 的奇偶性; (2)如果当()1,x a ∈-时,()f x 的值域是(),1-∞,求a 的值;(3)对任意的m ,n D ∈,是否存在t D ∈,使得()()()f m f n f t +=,若存在,求出t ,若不存在,请说明理由.(1)若(22)h =,(3)12h =,当[1,3]x ∈时,求()h x 的最大值;(2)若2a =,1b =,且方程|()|h x t =1(02t <<有两个不相等的实根m 、n ,求mn 的取值范围;(3)若2a =,1()x h x c -=,(1,0)x c >>,且a 、b 、c 是三角形的三边长,试求满足等式:()()()h x f x g x =-有解的最大的x 的范围.参考答案1.A 【解析】 【分析】根据集合的新定义,分别表示出符合A B *的集合的元素,再求和即可 【详解】由题可知,456m ,,=,1,2,3n =, 当4m =时,1,2,3n =时,321m n ,,-= 当5m =时,1,2,3n =时,432m n ,,-= 当6m =时,1,2,3n =时,543m n ,,-= 所以{}12345A B ,,,,*=,元素之和为15 故选:A 【点睛】本题考查对新定义的理解,元素与集合的关系,解题关键在于不遗漏,m n 的取值,正确算出m n -,属于基础题 2.D 【解析】 【分析】分别研究由“240b ac -<”推出“函数2()f x ax bx c =++的图象恒在x 轴上方”和由“函数2()f x ax bx c =++的图象恒在x 轴上方”推出“240b ac -<”,得到答案.【详解】当240b ac -<时,函数2()f x ax bx c =++图象与x 轴没有交点,当0a <时,()f x 图像恒在x 轴下方,所以是不充分条件; 当函数2()f x ax bx c =++的图象恒在x 轴上方,取0,0a b c ==>,满足要求,此时240b ac -=,因此不一定能得到240b ac -<,所以是不必要条件; 故选D 项. 【点睛】本题考查充分条件和必要条件的判断,二次函数的图像问题,属于简单题. 3.C 【解析】 【分析】由给出的方程得到函数()y f x =图象上任意一点的横纵坐标,x y 的关系式,利用基本不等式求出x y +的范围,整理出()1111y x x =+≠-,可得函数在()1,+∞上的增减性,二者结合可得正确答案. 【详解】()lg lg lg lg x y x y xy +=+= 00x y x y xy >⎧⎪∴>⎨⎪+=⎩22x y xy +⎛⎫≤ ⎪⎝⎭(当且仅当x y =时取等号)22x y x y +⎛⎫∴+≤ ⎪⎝⎭,解得:4x y +≥ 由x y xy +=得:()11111111x x y x x x x -+===+≠--- 当()1,x ∈+∞时,11y x =-为减函数 111y x ∴=+-在()1,+∞上为减函数故选:C 【点睛】本题考查了函数单调性的判断,利用基本不等式求最值等知识,关键是能利用对数方程得到真数之间的关系,属于基础题. 4.D 【解析】 试题分析: 因为[()()][()()][()()]()2f xg x f xh x g x h x f x +++-+=,所以[(+)(+)][(+)(+)][(+)(+)](+)2f x Tg x T f x Th x T g x T h x T f x T +++-+=,又()()f x g x +、()()f x h x +、()()g x h x +均是以T 为周期的函数,所以[()()][()()][()()](+)=()2f xg x f xh x g x h x f x T f x +++-+=,所以()f x 是周期为T 的函数,同理可得()g x 、()h x 均是以T 为周期的函数,②正确;增函数加减函数也可能为增函数,因此①不正确.选D.【考点】抽象函数、函数的单调性、函数的周期性【名师点睛】本题主要考查抽象函数的单调性与周期性,是高考常考内容.本题有一定难度.解答此类问题时,关键在于灵活选择方法,如结合选项或通过举反例应用“排除法”等.本题能较好地考查考生分析问题与解决问题的能力、基本计算能力等.5.{}1,2,3,4 【解析】 【分析】根据集合的并集运算,得到答案. 【详解】集合{}1,2,3A =,{}2,3,4B = 所以AB ={}1,2,3,4故答案为:{}1,2,3,4 【点睛】本题考查集合的并集运算,属于简单题. 6.11,24⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭【解析】 【分析】设2t x =,根据()0f x <的解集,得到()0f t >的解集,即t 的范围,然后得到x 的取值范围. 【详解】 设2t x =,因为一元二次不等式()0f x <的解集为{}112x x x x ⎧⎫<-⋃>⎨⎬⎩⎭, 所以一元二次不等式()0f t >的解集为112t t ⎧⎫-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭故1122x -<<,即1124x -<<所以()20f x >的解集为11,24⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭. 故答案为:11,24⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭ 【点睛】本题考查根据一元二次不等式的解集解不等式,属于简单题. 7.413【解析】 试题分析:1131314129222221314f f f f ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=--=-∴=-==⎪⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦+考点:分段函数求值 8.(,1)-∞- 【解析】原不等式转化为k <x ﹣|x+1|成立, 因为y=x ﹣|x+1|=1,121,1x x x -≥-⎧⎨+<-⎩,对应图象如图,由图得其最大值为﹣1. 故只须k <﹣1即可.故答案为:(),1-∞-。
上海市达标名校2018年高考一月大联考化学试卷含解析

上海市达标名校2018年高考一月大联考化学试卷一、单选题(本题包括15个小题,每小题4分,共60分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.X、Y、Z、W为四种短周期主族元素,X与Z同族,Y与Z同周期,W是短周期主族元素中原子半径最大的,X原子最外层电子数是核外电子层数的3倍,Y的最高正价与最低负价的代数和为6。
下列说法正确的是A.Y的最高价氧化物对应的水化物是二元强酸B.原子半径:X<Z<YC.气态氢化物的热稳定性:Y<ZD.X与W可形成两种阴、阳离子的物质的量之比均为1:2的离子化合物2.从某含有FeCl2、FeCl3、CuCl2的工业废液中回收铜并制备氯化铁晶体的流程如下:则下列说法正确的是( )A.试剂a是铁、试剂b是稀硫酸B.操作Ⅰ、操作Ⅱ、操作Ⅲ所用仪器相同C.试剂c是氯气,相应的反应为2Fe2++Cl2═2Fe3++2Cl-D.用酸性KMnO4溶液可检验溶液W中是否含有Fe2+3.下列各组中的X和Y两种原子,化学性质一定相似的是 ( )A.X原子和Y原子最外层都只有1个电子B.X原子的核外电子排布式为1s2,Y原子的核外电子排布式为1s22s2C.X原子的2p能级上有3个电子,Y原子的3p能级上有3个电子D.X原子核外M层上仅有2个电子,Y原子核外N层上仅有2个电子4.25℃时,将浓度均为0.1 mol·L-1、体积分别为V a和V b的HX溶液与NH3·H2O溶液按不同体积比混合,保持V a+V b=100mL,V a、V b与混合液的pH的关系如图所示。
下列说法不正确的是A.K a(HX)的值与K b(NH3·H2O)的值相等B.b点,c(NH4+)+c(HX)=0.05 mol·L-1C.a→c点过程中,() ()()c Xc OH?c HX--值不变D.a、b、c三点,c点时水电离出的c(H+)最大5.已知A、B、C、D为原子序数依次增大的短周期元素,E为地壳中含量最高的过渡金属元素,A与D同主族,B与C同周期,且C与D的原子序数之和为20,C单质能与无色无味液体m反应置换出B单质,D单质也能与m反应置换出A单质,A、B、C均能与D形成离子化合物,下列说法不正确...的是( ) A.B、E两元素的形成的化合物都为黑色固体B.B、D形成的离子化合物可能含有其价键C.D的单质只有还原性,没有氧化性D.工业上可以用铝热法制取金属E用于野外焊接铁轨6.新型夹心层石墨烯锂硫二次电池的工作原理可表示为16Li+xS88Li2Sx,其放电时的工作原理如图所示,下列有关该电池的说法正确的是A.电池充电时X为电源负极B.放电时,正极上可发生反应:2Li++Li2S4+2e-=2Li2S2C.充电时,没生成1molS8转移0.2mol电子D.离子交换膜只能通过阳离子,并防止电子通过7.将铁粉和活性炭的混合物用NaCl溶液湿润后,置于如图所示装置中,进行铁的电化学腐蚀实验。
【S】2018年高三一模考前准备【2016-2017年5校、7校联考卷】

高中数学上海市重点中学讲义汇编专题:高三一模准备姓名:学校:年级:积土成山,风雨兴焉;积水成渊,蛟龙生焉;积善成德,而神明自得,圣心备焉。
故不积跬步,无以至千里;不积小流,无以成江海。
骐骥一跃,不能十步;驽马十驾,功在不舍。
锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。
蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也;蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。
是故无冥冥之志者无昭昭之明,无惛惛之事者无赫赫之功。
行衢道者不至,事两君者不容。
目不能两视而明,耳不能两听而聪。
螣蛇无足而飞,梧鼠五技而穷。
《诗》曰:“尸鸠在桑,其子七兮。
淑人君子,其仪一兮。
其仪一兮,心如结兮。
”故君子结于一也。
---------<<劝学>>(荀子)2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷1. 1和4的等比中项是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷12. 设0)1)((:,134:≤---≤-a x a x q x P ,若p 是q 的充分不必要条件,求实数a 的取值范围是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷23. 已知函数x x f y +=)(是偶函数,且1)2(=f ,则=-)2(f2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷34. 各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a ,若12122=+a a ,则7a 的最大值是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷45. 已知向量与的夹角是6052==,则-2在方向上的投影是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷56. 若圆锥的侧面积与过轴的截面面积之比是π2,其母线与轴的夹角的大小是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷67. 已知某等腰三角形底角的正弦值是53,则顶角的余弦值是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷78. 如果用反证法证明“数列{}n a 的各项均小于2”,有下列四种不同的假设: (1)数列{}n a 的各项都大于2(2)数列{}n a 的各项都大于或等于2 (3)数列|{}n a 中一定存在一项2,≥k k a a(4)数列{}n a 中一定存在一项2,≥k k a a其中正确的序号是 (填出所有正确的序号)2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷89. 已知等差数列|{}n a 满足:11011-<a a 且它的前n 项和n S 有最大值,当n S 取到最小正数时, =n2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷910. 正四棱柱ABCD-A 1B 1C 1D 1中,AA 1=3,直线AC 1与平面BCC 1B 1所成角的大小是30°,则该四棱柱的外接球表面积大小是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷1011. 若函数3621-+-+-=x x m x y 在2=x 时取得最小值,则实数m 的取值范围是2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷1112. 如图,为测量出山高MN ,选择A 和另一座山的山顶C 为测量观测点,从A 点测得M 点的仰角∠MAN=60°,C 点的仰角∠CAB=45°以及∠MAC =75°,从C 点测得∠MCA=60°,己知山高BC=100m ,则山高MN= m2016-2017学年上海五校联考试卷1213. 已知函数)0,20)(2sin()(><<+=A x A x f πϕϕ部分图像如图所示,且0)()(==b f a f ,对不同的],[,21b a x x ∈,若)()(21x f x f =,有3)(21=+x x f ,则=ϕ 。
上海市七校2017-2018学年高三12月联考数学试题 Word版含答案

2017-2018学年第一学期高三教学调研 数学试卷上海市七校十二月联考数学试卷一、 填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生必须在答题纸相应编号空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律不得分. 1、 函数1()sin()3f x x π=+的最小正周期T = .2、函数()f x =的反函数是 .3、计算:223lim 51n n n n →∞-=+ . 4、已知函数()2x g x =,且()()2g a g b ⋅=,则ab 的最大值是 . 5、 方程lg(21)lg 1x x ++=的解为 .6、 △ABC 中,,,A B C 所对边分别为,,a b c ,1a =,b =c =则B = .7、设0x 为函数()22xf x x =+-的零点,且0(,)x m n ∈,其中,m n 为相邻的整数,则m n += .8、定义在R 上的函数()y f x =满足()(5)3f x f x ⋅+=,(1)2f =,则(2016)f = .9、已知2cos()3πθ+=-,(,0)2πθ∈-,则θ= . 10、设公比为q (0)q >的等比数列{}n a 前n 项和为n S ,若2232S a =+,4432S a =+,则q = .11、如右图在△ABC 中,若4AB =,6AC =,60BAC ︒∠=,D 、E 分别在边AB 、AC 上,且2AB AD =,3AC AE =,点F 为DE 的中 点,则BF DE ⋅= .12、 若不等式||2x a +≤在[1,2]x ∈时恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是 . 13、设集合1234{,,,}A a a a a =,若A 的所有三元子集的三个元素之和组成的集合为{1,3,5,8}B =-,则集合A = .14、把自然数按右图所示排列起来,从上往下 依次为第一行、第二行、第三行……,中间用 虚线围起来的一列数,从上往下依次为1、5、13、25、……,按这样的顺序,排在第30个的数是 .二. 选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生必须在答题纸相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,选对得5分,否则一律不得分. 15、 若0a b <<,那么下列不等式成立的是( ) A.11a b < B. 2ab b < C. 2ab a -<- D. 11a b-<- 16、已知平面直角坐标系内的两个向量(1,2)a =,(,32)b m m =-,且平面内的任一向量c 都可以唯一的表示成c a b λμ=+(,λμ为实数),则实数m 的取值范围为( ) A. (,2)-∞ B. (2,)+∞ C. R D. (,2)(2,)-∞+∞17、下列说法中正确的是( )A. 命题“若21x =,则1x =”的否命题是“若21x =,则1x ≠” B.“1x =-”是“220x x --=”的必要不充分条件 C. 命题“若x y =,则sin sin x y =”的逆否命题是真命题 D.“tan 1x =”是“4x π=”的充分不必要条件18、 已知函数()f x =[2,4]x ∈对于满足1224x x <<<的任意1x 、2x ,下列结论:①1221()()x f x x f x >;②2112()()x f x x f x >;③2121()[()()]0x x f x f x --<; ④2121()[()()]0x x f x f x -->;其中正确的是( )A. ①③B. ②③C. ①④D. ②④三. 解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19、(本题满分12分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分4分,第3小题满分4分 已知1,2a b ==(1b =,求a b ⋅(2)若a 与b 的夹角为60︒,求a b +; (3)若a b -与a 垂直,求a 与b 的夹角.20、(本题满分12分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分4分,第3小题满分4分某电器专卖店销售某种型号的空调,记第n 天()*130,n n N ≤≤∈的日销售量为()f n (单位:台),函数()f n 图像中的点分别在两条直线上,如图所示该两条直线交点的横坐标为()*m m N ∈,已知1n m ≤≤时,函数()32f n n =-(1)当30m n ≤≤时,求函数()f n 的解析式;(2)求m 的值及该店前m 天销售该型号空调的销售总量;(3)按照经验判断当该店此型号空调的销售总量达到或超过570台,且日销售量仍持续增加时,该型号空调开始旺销,问该店此型号空调销售到第几天时才可被认为开始旺销?21、(本题满分16分)本题共有2小题,第1小题满分8分,第2小题满分4分,第3小题满分4分如图已知单位圆上有四个点()()1,0,cos ,sin E A θθ,()()cos2,sin 2,cos3,sin3,03B C πθθθθθ<≤分别设OAC ABC ∆∆、的面积为1S 和2S . (1)用sin cos θθ、表示1S 和2S ; (2)求12cos sin S Sθθ+的最大值及取最大值时θ的值. (3) 22、(本题满分16分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分已知,a b 为实数,函数()21fx x a x =++,且函数()1y f x=+是偶函数,函数()()()()()13112g x b f f x b f x =-⋅++-⋅++在区间(],2-∞上的减函数,且在区间()2,0-上是增函数(1)求函数()f x 的解析式; (2)求实数b 的值;(3)设()()1212h x f x qx q =+-++,问是否存在实数q ,使得()h x 在区间[]0,2上有最小值为2-?若存在,求出q 的值;若不存在,说明理由.23、(本题满分18分)本题共有3小题,第1小题满分8分,第2小题满分5分,第3小题满分5分已知等差数列{}n a 的首项为c ,公差为d ,等比数列{}n b 的首项为d ,公比为c ,其中,c d Z ∈,且11223a b a b a <<<<.(1)求证:0c d <<,并由23b a <推导c 的值;(2)若数列{}n a 共有3n 项,前n 项的和为A ,其后的n 项的和为B ,再其后的n 项的和为C ,求的比值.(3)若数列{}n b 的前n 项,前2n 项、前3n 项的和分别为,,D G H ,试用含字母,D G 的式子来表示H (即(),H f D G =,且不含字母d )。
2017年度高三第一次七校联考试卷(英语学科)

2017届高三第一次七校联考试卷(英语学科)第I卷(共90分)I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations an d the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. This afternoon. B. This morning. C. T omorrow. D. Nextweek.2. A. A waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A cashier. D. A postman.3. A. 11. B. 3. C. 7. D. 8.4. A. At a cinema. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. D. At a railwaystation.5. A. They had better not go out. B. To get some yogurt is a goodidea.C. It’s too cold to walk in the snow.D. He prefers milk to yogurt.6. A. She asks the man to open the window. B. It is cold inside.C. She doesn’t want to open the window.D. She prefers the fresh air.7. A. Mom doesn’t like wine. B. They’ve already got plenty ofwine.C. They are going to buy what they need.D. They’ve got enough food forthe party.8. A. The boy doesn’t have to clean the screen of his computer.B. There’s not enough time for the boy to clean both.C. The desk is such a mess and needs cleaning.D. The boy’s mother will do the cleaning for him.9. A. T ouched. B. Amused. C. Annoyed. D. Bored.10.A. They can’t speak English. B. The microphone doesn’t workwell.C. They are not familiar with his topic.D. The speaker is speaking toofast.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. In the 1690s. B. In the 1860s. C. In the 1890s. D. In the 1960s.12.A. T o be paid more than their male colleagues.B. To be given the same chance to succeed.C. T o win respect from their male colleagues.D. T o get promoted more quickly than their male colleagues.13.A. Women’s ability to do important jobs.B. How to have more freedom.C. Concrete issues as well as attitudes and beliefs.D. How to contribute to the communities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. T o recall his own childhood.B. To help his children become more mature.C. T o spoil them on purpose.D. T o make up for his pity that he didn’t have it in his childhood.15.A. They take possessions and support from their peers for granted.B. They are responsible for building the life that their parents desire.C. They are willing to support their peers if necessary.D. They become more mature and responsible.16.A. T o love and provide for children.B. To help children become kind and responsible.C. T o help children get what they need.D. T o help children meet their goals.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation, and you will beasked several questions on the conversation. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the test answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. He is confirming his flight reservation.B. He is booking a hotel for next week.C. He is making a reservation for a flight.D. He is changing his flight schedule.18.A. T o cut losses. B. To save money.C. T o have a window seatD. T o have the ticket mailed.19.A. On May 19th. B. On May 15th. C. On May 20th. D. On May 21st.20.A. He saved about fifty dollars on the ticket.B. He will pick up the ticket by himself.C. He can get the ticket at three o’clock.D. His seat is by the window.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use oneword that best fits each blank.Apple Pay is simple to use and works with the card you already have on the devices (21) __________ you use every day. And because your card details are never shared when you use Apple Pay—in fact, they aren’t stored on your device at all —using Apple Pay on your i-Phone, Apple Watch, or iPad is the safer and (22) __________ (private) way to pay.Now paying in stores happens in one natural motion—there’s no need to open an app or even wake up your display (23) ________ ________ the innovative Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna(天线) in iPhone 6 and iPhone 6s. To pay, just hold your iPhone near the contactless reader with your finger on Touch ID. Or you (24) __________ double-click the Home button when your iPhone is locked to access Wallet and quickly make your purchases. Your card number is never stored on your device, and when you make a payment, your debit or credit card numbers won’t be sent to the merchant. Apple Pay assigns (25) __________ unique number for each purchase, so your payments stay private and secure.Available since October 20, 2014, Apple Pay is designed to allow iPhone 6, 6s, 6 Plus and 6s Plus users in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and China (26) __________(make) payments for goods and services with their iPhones in retail stores through an NFC chip (27) __________ (build) into their iPhones. With the Apple Watch, Apple Pay is also extended to the iPhone 5, iPhone 5c, and iPhone 5s.To keep transactions secure, Apple uses a method known as “tokenization,”(28) __________ (prevent) actual credit card numbers from being sent over the air. Apple also secures payments using Touch ID on compatible iPhones and continual skin contact on the Apple Watch.Apple is aiming to replace the wallet with Apply Pay, and the one-step payment process helps people no longer dig through a purse or wallet to find credit cards. As it is built on existing NFC technology, Apple Pay will work (29) __________ NFC-based contactless payments (30) __________ (accept).Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The 88th Academy Awards once again ___31___ people around the world, including the Chinese, who were excited about Leonardo DiCaprio’s winning the Best Actor award.But the annual ceremony also put Chinese filmmakers in an awkward position, as no Chinese films have ever ___32___ a golden trophy. The hard truth leaves people wondering when the nation, which is already the world’s second largest film market, will earn a place in the renowned award ceremony’s spotlight.The circumstance for domestic artists is similar to that of Chinese writers and scientists before Mo Yan and Tu Youyou won a Nobel Prize in 2012 and 2015 ___33___.Just as Chinese people become accustomed to seeing their fellow citizens taking home Nobel Prizes, it is time for them to see that winning an Oscar is also ___34___.As the Chinese film market continues to grow at ___35___ speed—statistics showed that Chinese cinemas took a record 6.87 billion yuan in ticket sales in February 2016, with the monthly box office overtaking that of North America for the first time—it also attracts ___36___ capital from home and abroad, which will most likely tempt more talent into film. This will help boost creativity and quality, two major weak spots of the majority of homegrown movies.In addition, there has been a growing awareness of how much of Chinese culture has yet to be tapped. Chinese culture has already provided a rich source of ___37___ for Hollywood productions. The Kung Fu Panda films are outstanding examples; the original and its first sequel are among the highest-grossing animated films ever. It is commonly believed that China doesn’t lack sources of inspiration. As long as Chinese filmmakers, armed with latest filmmaking technologies, improve their storytelling skill, they could see their ___38___ released.Also worth noting is that China now has a ___39___ younger generation of filmmakers. With more professional and international training compared with their predecessors, they are better equipped to make breakthroughs.No one can predict when ___40___ a homegrown film may stun the world, but there is good reason to be optimistic. Patience is gold for domestic filmmakers.III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Is Email Stressing You Out?Few people would disagree that email makes our lives easier. But ___41___ email can cause problems. Answering all those emails and processing all that information can ___42___ the brain, causing stress.So says the Future Work Centre, a business based in London. This company carries out ___43___ research on people's experiences in their workplaces.Dr. Richard MacKinnon at the center was the lead author of a report on messaging habits. He calls email a double-edged sword: Emails provide a useful way to communicate, but they could add to ___44___ in the mind, causing stress.Come rain or shine, some office workers are under pressure to read and answer emails all day long. Psychologists are concerned about the pressure that workers bring on themselves.Dr. Richard MacKinnon says that ___45___ email can be a valuable, time-saving communication tool, it can also be a source of stress and even ___46___ for many ofus. He adds that the stress ___47___ come from the number of emails you get but result from when and how you deal with them.According to the study, leaving email on all day and never signing off, ___48___ reading and answering emails early in the day and late at night, are what makes email ___49___.Dr. MacKinnon says both bad email habits are ___50___ to higher levels of stress in office workers. The report gives several suggestions on ___51___ email stress.※Use email with a plan. Do not just react to endless email ___52___. If you use an email application, or app, on your device, close it down when you want to be left alone.※If you need to communicate with a co-worker, call or better still walk to their office and talk about it.※Be careful with the "reply all" option. ___53___, if you are accepting an invitation to attend training, just write back to those who need to know. Trust me. Other workers on that mailing list will thank you instead of being angry with you.※And accept the fact that if a matter is ___54___ employers will call you about it.Email is certainly not going anywhere. So, it is important to take ___55___ of your emails and not the other way around.41.A. cancelling B. misunderstanding C. misusing D. reusing42.A. overload B. overlook C. relax D. slower43.A. psychological B. physical C. practical D. logical44.A. imagination B. confusion C. tension D.hesitation45.A. if B. while C. since D. because46.A. disease B. anger C. sadness D. tiredness47.A. almost B. partly C. hardly D.absolutely48.A. apart from B. instead of C. other than D.along with49.A. stressful B. painful C. forgetful D. helpful50.A. compared B. linked C. opposed D.added51.A. building B. protecting C. changing D. avoiding52.A. information B. addresses C. alerts D. tips53.A. However B. For example C. In fact D.Therefore54.A. urgent B. interesting C. attractive D.significant55.A. notice B. care C. control D.placeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British school children, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.56.The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves__________.A.the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB.the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC.the general existence of the sense of curiosityD.the fine taste of moviegoers around the world57.What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A.People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B.The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.C.The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a mall and lively pond.D.Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.58.If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will_________.A.fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB.be confused by the world of make-believeC.miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD.be trapped by other worlds existing all around us59.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B.To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.C.To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.D.To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe(B)Cagan Sekercioglu is an ornithologist(鸟类学家) who works to document and prevent bird extinction. He’s also a professor in the U.S. who runs an award-winning conservation(保护) group in his native Turkey. All those pursuits require flexibility --- and each involves big risks.Why do you do what you do? Who inspired you?I’ve always been drawn to nature. When other kids were playing soccer, I was bringing home insects and other animals. My mom took me to a child psychologist! But my beloved dad is my biggest inspiration. During tough economic times he left a safe accounting job to start Turkey’s first model-airplane company. It lasted 30 years.What are the physical dangers of your work?A whole range of dangers. While surveying birds I’ve been attacked by a brown bear in Alaska and an elephant in Tanzania. I’ve been faced with a poisonous snakein Uganda. I’ve been caught between the military and terrorists, mistaken for a spy, held at gunpoint, kidnapped in Ethiopia, and attacked by a masked man in Costa Rica. Honestly, I’m often more afraid of people and traffic than I am of wildlife.Is it politically difficult to be an environmentalist in Turkey?It is when I criticize the institutions that grant my research permits. But it’s my duty as a scientist to tell the truth. The government talks about conservation, but its priority is to turn nature into cash. So it uses double standards. They are reforesting while cutting down old-growth forests. Actually every river is dammed, and the organization building those dams is responsible for regulating them. I’m trying to stop one that will destroy the Aras River wetlands, where half of Turkey’s bird species live. Yet if I speak out too much, I’ll be punished for a seemingly official, legal reason. Revenge in Turkey is usually indirect.You spend many hours on advocating conservation. Does that hurt your academic career?Some academics see it as a distraction. So far my school, the University of Utah, has been very understanding and appreciative. But I have to walk a fine line.Do you ever feel scared by all the risks you face?Well, I don’t actively seek risk. But I don’t avoid it either. T aking a risk means you can fail. But if you fail, at least you tried. And that’s all I can do. If I fail in the end, I fail fighting.60.The interviewee’s father inspired him to _________.A.take risksB. pursue his own goalsC. love natureD. develop his unique character61.Which of the following experiences has the interviewee NOT encountered?A.Being suspected of collecting secret information.B.Being chased by wild beasts.C.Being punished for a legal reason.D.Being pointed at by a gun.62.By saying “I have to walk a fine line,”the interviewee means that _________.A.he should make a balance between the Turkish government and theUniversity of UtahB.he should spend more time on research work than on advocacy.C.he should cope with the difficult situation with care.D.he should not do anything against the law.(C)The definition of the standard kilogram is fundamentally imperfect. Getting the definition right is a challenge that has tried the patience and intelligence of scientists for decades.Scientists use just seven basic units to define all the other quantities we use --- quantities such as speed, density, or electric power. All of those basic units except the kilogram are themselves defined in terms of natural properties that are beyondhuman control.For example, the standard second (time) is defined as a specific number of vibration(震动) of a type of radiation released by atoms of a special metal. The standard meter (length), in turn, is defined as the length of the path light travels in a vacuum(真空) during a specific fraction of a second(瞬间).Not so the kilogram. This orphan of the basic unit family is simply the mass of a small platinum-iridium alloy cylinder (铂-铱合金筒) locked away by the international Bureau of Weighs & Measures in France.Embarrassingly, the last time the copies were brought for a checkup in the 1980s, officials found that some copies had gained about 20 parts per billion in weight compared to the master cylinder since the previous checkup in the 1940s. This implies that the master cylinder itself may be an inconstant standard.No one knows what causes the weight changes. But the uncertainty can’t be tolerated when precision(精密度) in research and some manufacturing now demands accuracy to a few parts per billion.Several efforts in several different countries are under way to redefine the kilogram in terms of basic physical quantities such as counting the actual number of atoms of a specific substance in a kilogram or the electromagnetic force that balances a kilogram mass against gravity.A project of the latter type at the NIST laboratories in Gaithersburg hopes eventually to define mass in terms of electrical units. So far, none of these redefinition projects has borne fruit. They require precision of measurement andcontrol of experimental conditions. The slightest pollution, tiny vibrations, or other influences --- even changes in weather --- can ruin results. You’ve got to hand it to scientists who are willing to devote many years to such painstaking but fundamentally important research.63.Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence “Not so the kilogram.”In paragraph 4?A.The kilogram is not as accurate as the standard second.B.The kilogram is not universally accepted in the world.C.The kilogram is not defined in terms of natural properties.D.The kilogram is not well defined as time and length.64.Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?A.Experiments are being carried out to redefine the kilogram.B.The uncertainty in the standard kilogram can seriously affect some research.C.The redefinition of the standard kilogram is quite complicated.D.Scientists will achieve success in redefining the kilogram in the near future.65.According to the passage, to define the weight of mass in terms of electricalunits _______.A.is one of the best methods to redefine the kilogramB.has been accepted as the only possible redefinition projectC.is not as simple as what people can understandD.has been considered by some scientists as a better approach66.We can know from the passage that the redefinition of the kilogram is _________.A.more important in keeping market honestyB.worth years of scientists’painstaking researchC.the urgent requirement of business and manufacturingD.bring about important and fruitful resultsSection CDirections: complete the following passage by using the sentenced given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger.Believe it or not, we’ve all been there. Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test? But when done a lot --- especially without realizing it --- emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.Not many of us make the connection between eating and our feelings.___67___ One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings.Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored.But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.___68___Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done.___69___ It’s not easy to “unlearn”patterns of emotional eating.But it is possible.And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.We’re all emotional eaters to a degree.But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems.The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain.___70___ That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.第Ⅱ卷(共50分)I. Translation (15’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.科学的迅猛发展使我们居住的星球变小了。
最新-上海市部分重点中学2018届高三第一次联考(生物)

上海市部分重点中学2018届高三第一次联考生物试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
校对:卢立臻第I卷(共60分)考生注意:1.答第I卷前,考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号,并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
2.第Ⅰ卷(1-32题),由机器阅卷,答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上,考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应,不能错位。
答题需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去,重新选择。
答案不能写在试卷上,写在试卷上一律不给分。
一、单选题(每小题只有一个正确选项)(一)1分题(共8题)1.下列叙述错误的是()A.酵母菌有核膜,而固氮菌没有核膜B.酵母菌有细胞膜,而固氮菌没有C.黑藻细胞有线粒体,而蓝藻细胞没有D.黑藻细胞有内质网,而蓝藻细胞没有2.在细菌接种过程中,对接种针(环)进行灭菌的正确方式是()A.火焰灼烧B.清水浸泡C.高压蒸汽D.酒精擦拭3.关于愈伤组织形成过程的正确叙述是()A.愈伤组织形成是离体的植物细胞分化的结果B.愈伤组织形成是离体的植物细胞脱分化和分裂的结果C.愈伤组织形成是离体的动物细胞分化的结果D.愈伤组织形成是离体的动物细胞脱分化和分裂的结果4.对下表中所列待测物质的检测,所选用的试剂及预期结果都正确的是A.①③B.②③C.①④D.②④5.与洋葱根尖生长点细胞分裂无关的结构是()A.中心体B.线粒体C.染色体D.高尔基体6.属于原核生物的一组是()①蓝藻②酵母菌③草履虫④乳酸菌⑤水绵⑥青霉菌A.①④B.①②④C.①③⑤D.②④⑥7.能使植物细胞壁和细胞膜结构均破坏的一组酶是()A.淀粉酶、纤维素酶、溶菌酶B.纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶C.果胶酶、溶菌酶、纤维素酶D.磷脂酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶8.不同的微生物对营养物质的需要各不相同。
下列有关一种以CO2为唯一碳源的自养微生物营养的描述中,不正确的是()A.氮源物质为该微生物提供必要的氮素B.碳源物质也是该微生物的能源物质C.无机盐是该微生物不可缺少的营养物质D.水是该微生物的营养要素之一(二)2分题(共20题)9.观察细胞中染色体行为并计数时,使用光学显微镜的正确方法是()A.低倍镜对焦.将观察目标移至视野中央,转用高倍镜并增加进光量,调焦观察B.低倍镜对焦,将观察目标移至视野中央,转用高倍镜并减少进光最.调焦观察C.低倍镜对焦,转用高倍镜,将观察目标移至视野中央,减少进光量,调焦观察D.高倍镜对焦,将观察目标移至视野中央,增加进光量,绸焦观察10.下图为人体某早期胚胎细胞所经历的生长发育阶段示意图,图中甲、乙为两个阶段的细胞,a、b表示发育变化的模式过程。
上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三模拟考试理数试题 Word版含解析

上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三模拟考试理数试题一、填空题(本大题共14小题,每题4分,满分56分.)1.函数y =______________. 【答案】(0,1] 【解析】试题分析:由0log 5.0≥x 得10≤<x ,应填答案(0,1]. 考点:对数不等式的解法.2.已知{}2,M y y x x R ==∈,{}222,,N x x y x y R =+=∈,则M N =_____.【答案】⎢⎣【解析】试题分析:因02≥=x y ,而2222≤-=y x ,故22≤≤-x ,所以]2,0[=N M .考点:集合的交集运算.3.在41(1)(1)x x++的展开式中2x 项的系数为______________.【答案】10考点:二项式定理及通项公式的运用.4.已知地球的半径为R ,在北纬045东经030有一座城市A ,在北纬045西经060有一座城市B ,则坐飞机从城市A 飞到B 的最短距离是______________.(飞机的飞行高度忽略不计) 【答案】3R π【解析】试题分析:已知纬圆所在的纬度为045,则纬圆的半径为R 22,纬圆周的两点B A ,的弦长为R R AB =⋅=222,所以点B A ,所在的球的大圆面上弧所对的圆心角为3π,则大圆的弧长为R 3π.考点:球面距离及计算.【易错点晴】球面距离的定义是经过球心的大圆上的劣弧的长.解答本题的关键是求出经过B A ,大圆的圆心角AOB ∠,为此先求045纬圆上这两点B A ,连线段的长AB ,即纬圆上的弦长AB .求的长时借助纬度的概念,求出了球心与纬圆面之间的距离=d R 22与纬圆的半径相等.由经度的定义可知0190=∠B AO ,所以R R AB =⋅=222,这样AOB ∆就是等边三角形,所以点B A ,所在的球的大圆面上弧所对的圆心角为3π,则大圆的弧长为R 3π,即球面距离是R 3π.5.已知一随机变量ξ的分布列如下表,则随机变量ξ的方差D ξ=______________.【答案】11 【解析】试题分析:因为3)840(41)(,20)64160(41)(2=++==++=x E x E ,所以11920)()(22=-=-=x E x E D ξ.考点:数学期望和方差的计算. 6.在极坐标系中,点(2,),(2,)2A B ππ,C 为曲线2cos ρθ=的对称中心,则三角形ABC 面积等于________. 【答案】3 【解析】试题分析:将点B A ,化为直角坐标为)2,0(),0,2(B A -,极坐标方程化为直角坐标为0222=-+x y x ,所以圆心为)0,1(C ,所以ABC ∆的面积为32321=⨯⨯=S . 考点:极坐标方程及运用.7.高三(1)班班委会由4名男生和3名女生组成,现从中任选3人参加上海市某社区敬老服务工作,则选出的人中至少有一名女生的概率是______________.(结果用最简分数表示) 【答案】3135【解析】试题分析:从7名学生中选3名的种数为3512356737=⨯⨯⨯⨯=C ,其中无女生的种数为41434==C C ,所以至少含有一个女生的概率为35313541=-=P . 考点:古典概型的计算公式及排列数组合数公式的运用.8.在复数范围内,若方程22012690x x ++=的一个根为α,则α=______________.考点:复数的模及计算.9.将()f x =sin cos xx 的图象按(,0)(0)n a a =->平移,所得图象对应的函数为偶函数,则a 的最小值为______________. 【答案】56π 【解析】试题分析:因为()f x =sin cos xx )6cos(sin cos 3π+=-=x x x ,所以按向量平移后所得的函数为)6cos()(π++=a x x g ,由题设可得1)60cos()0(±=++=πa g ,即ππk a =+6,也即6ππ-=k a ,所以a 的最小值为56π.考点:行列式的计算及三角函数的图象和性质.10.已知()y f x =是定义在R 上的增函数,且()y f x =的图象关于点(6,0)对称,若实数,x y满足不等式22(6)(836)0f x x f y y -+-+≤,则22x y +的取值范围是______________. 【答案】[16,36]考点:函数的单调性和圆的方程的等知识的综合运用.11.函数()f x 对任意12,[,]x x m n ∈都有1212()()f x f x x x -≤-,则称()f x 为在区间[,]m n 上的可控函数,区间[,]m n 称为函数()f x 的“可控”区间,写出函数2()21f x x x =++的一个“可控”区间 是________. 【答案】1[,0]2-的子集都可以 【解析】试题分析:因为)](1)(2[)()(212121x x x x x f x f -++=-,由可控函数的定义可得1|1)(2|21≤++x x ,即0121≤+≤-x x ,所以区间[,]m n 应为]0,21[-的一个子区间.考点:定义新概念和综合运用所学知识.【易错点晴】本题以函数的形式为背景,考查的是不等式的有关知识及推理判断的能力.结论的开放性和不确定性是本题的一大特色.解答时应充分依据题设条件,合理有效地利用好可控函数及可控区间等新信息和新定义,并以此为基础进行推理论证,从而写出满足题设条件的答案.解答本题时,借助绝对值不等式的性质进行巧妙推证,从而探寻出符合题设条件的一可控区间的区间.12.椭圆22221(0)43x y a a b+=>的左焦点为F ,直线x m =与椭圆相交于点,A B ,当FAB ∆的周长最大时,FAB ∆的面积是______________.【答案】acb S 23=考点:椭圆的定义和几何性质.13.用符号(]x 表示小于x 的最大整数,如(]3,( 1.2]2π=-=-,有下列命题:①若函数()(],f x x x x R =-∈,则()f x 的值域为[1,0)-;②若(1,4)x ∈,则方程1(]5x x -=有三个根;③若数列{}n a 是等差数列,则数列{}(]n a 也是等差数列;④若57,{,3,}32x y ∈,则(](]2x y∙=的概率为29P =. 则下列正确命题的序号是______________. 【答案】①②④ 【解析】试题分析:由定义0](1<-≤-x x ,所以其值域为[1,0)-,故①正确;由于5.0](=-x x ,因此可求得2.3,2.2,2.1=x ,所以②正确;对于③,如取数列7.4,9.2,1.1成等差数列,但4]7.4(,2]9.2(,1]1.1(===不成等差数列;对于④很容易验证是正确的.故应填①②④.考点:函数的性质及分析问题解决问题的能力.【易错点晴】本题以符号函数为背景,考查的是函数与方程、等差数列和等比数列、概率等许多有关知识和运算求解及推理判断的能力.定义新概念运用新信息是解答本题的一大特色.解答时应充分依据题设条件,对题设中提供的几个命题进行分析推断最后作出真假命题的判断.对于命题,举出一个反例,进行了推断从而说明它是假命题.运用反例是否定一个命题是真命题的有效方式和方法.14.设()cos 2()cxf x ax bx x R =++∈,,,a b c R ∈且为常数,若存在一公差大于0的等差数列{}n x(*n N ∈),使得{()}n f x 为一公比大于1的等比数列,请写出满足条件的一组,,a b c 的值【答案】0,0,0a b c ≠=>(答案不唯一,一组即可) 【解析】试题分析:由题设可取1,0,1===c b a ,此时x x x f 2cos )(+=,存在数列25,23,2πππ,满足题设,应填答案1,0,1===c b a .考点:函数与等差等比数列以及分析探究的能力.【易错点晴】本题以函数的形式为背景,考查的是等差数列和等比数列的有关知识及推理判断的能力.开放性是本题的一大特色.解答时应充分依据题设条件,想方设法构造出一个满足题设条件的数列.由于本题是一道结论开放型的问题,因此它的答案是不唯一的,所以在求解时只要求出一组符合题目要求的数据即可.如本题的解答时取1,0,1===c b a ,函数xx x f 2cos )(+=,取数列}25,23,2{πππ,则253322)25(,2)23(,2)2(ππππππ===f f f 成等比数列,故答案应填1,0,1===c b a . 二、选择题(本大题共4个小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.)15.若直线l 的一个法向量(3,1)n =,则直线l 的一个方向向量d 和倾斜角α分别为( ) A .(1,3);arctan3d α== B .(1,3);arctan(3)d α=-=- C .(1,3);arctan3d απ==- D .(1,3);arctan3d απ=-=- 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析:由题设可知直线l 的一个方向向量是)3,1(-=,其斜率3-=k ,即3tan -=α,故3arctan -=πα,应选D.考点:直线的法向量和反正切函数.16.在ABC ∆中,“cos cos cos 0A B C ∙∙<”是“ABC ∆为钝角三角形”的( ) A .充分必要条件 B .必要不充分条件 C .充分不必要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件 【答案】A试题分析:由题设条件可知C B A cos ,cos ,cos 中必有一个是负数,即三个内角中必有一个是钝角,所以是钝角三角形,是充分条件;反之,若三角形是钝角三角形,则C B A cos ,cos ,cos 的积必为负数,即是必要条件,应选答案A. 考点:解三角形.【易错点晴】本题以解三角形的问题的形式为背景,考查的是充分必要条件的有关知识及推理判断的能力. 解答好本题的关键是搞清楚钝角三角形的概念是什么?其外延是什么?其实钝角三角形的概念是有一个内角是钝角即可了.解答这个问题的过程中常常会出现三个内角都是钝角的错误,将锐角三角形的概念和钝角三角形的概念混淆在一起,从而误判得出不正确的答案.17.定义域是一切实数的函数()y f x =,其图象是连续不断的,且存在常数()R λλ∈使得()()0f x f x λλ++=对任意实数x 都成立,则称()f x 是一个“λ—半随函数”.有下列关于“λ—半随函数”的结论:①()0f x =是常数函数中唯一一个“λ—半随函数”;② “12—半随函数”至少有一个零点;③2()f x x =是一个“λ—半随函数”;其中正确结论的个数是( )A .1个B .2个C .3个D .0个 【答案】A考点:函数及新定义的概念的灵活运用.【易错点晴】本题以函数的形式为背景,考查的是函数的零点等有关知识及推理判断的能力. 命题的真假的判断及分析求解的能力是解答好本题的关键,本题给出的三个命题的真假的判断成为解答这道试题的重中之重.对于命题①,实数λ的取值是不唯一的,因此该命题是假命题;对于命题②,运用定义可得结论,显然这个方程0)(21)21(=-=+x f x f 的解是不唯一的,所以是真命题;对于命题③找不到实数λ满足题设,因此是假命题整个求解过程充满了推理和判断.18.已知数据123,,,,n x x x x 是上海普通职工n (3n ≥,*n N ∈)个人的年收入,设这n 个数据的中位数为x ,平均数为y ,方差为z ,如果再加上世界首富的年收入1n x +,则这1n +个数据中,下列说法正确的是( )A .年收入平均数大大增大,中位数一定变大,方差可能不变;B .年收入平均数大大增大,中位数可能不变,方差变大;C .年收入平均数大大增大,中位数可能不变,方差也不变;D .年收入平均数可能不变,中位数可能不变,方差可能不变. 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析:由题设可知选择支中的A,C,D 都是不正确的,所以应选B. 考点:中位数平均数方差等概念的理解和计算.三、解答题(本大题共5小题,共74分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.) 19.(本题满分12分,其中第1小题6分,第2小题6分)在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,1AB AC ==,090BAC ∠=,且异面直线1A B 与11B C 所成的角等于060, 设1AA a =. (1)求a 的值;(2)求直线11B C 到平面1A BC 的距离.【答案】(1)1;(2)3. 【解析】试题分析:(1)运用平几的勾股定理等知识求解;(2)运用等积法求解. 试题解析:(1)∵11//BC B C ,∴1A BC ∠就是异面直线1A B 与11B C 所成的角,即0160A BC ∠=,又连接1AC ,AB AC =,则11A B AC = ∴1A BC ∆为等边三角形,由1AB AC ==,090BAC ∠=BC ⇒=∴11A B a =⇒==.(2)易知11//B C 平面1A BC ,又D 是11B C 上的任意一点,所以点D 到平面1A BC 的距离等于点1B 到平面1A BC 的距离. 设其为d ,连接1B C ,则由三棱锥11B A BC -的体积等于三棱锥11C A B B -的体积,求d ,11A B B ∆的面积12S =,1A BC ∆的面积'242S ==,又1CA A A ⊥,CA AB ⊥,∴CA ⊥平面11A B C ,所以'11333S AC S d d ∙∙=∙∙⇒=,即11B C 到平面1A BC 的距离等于3. 考点:空间的直线与平面的位置关系及几何体的体积公式.【易错点晴】立体几何是高中数学的重要内容之一,也是上海市历届高考必考的题型之一.本题考查是空间的直线与直线所成角的计算问题和直线与平面的距离的计算问题.解答时第一问充分借助已知条件中异面直线所成角的概念,通过解直角三角形而获解.关于第二问中直线与平面之间的距离问题,解答时巧妙运用转化的思想,将其转化为三棱锥的高的问题来处理,使得问题的求解过程简捷明快.20.(本小题满分14分,其中第1小题6分,第2小题8分)某海域有,A B 两个岛屿,B 岛在A 岛正东4海里处,经多年观察研究发现,某种鱼群洄游的路线是曲线C ,曾有渔船在距A 岛、B 岛距离和为8海里处发出过鱼群。
2018届上海市七宝中学高三上学期测试英语试题

2018届_________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高三上学期摸底考试英语试题 Word版含答案

七宝中学2017-2018学年高三第一学期摸底考试(满分:150分考试时间:120分钟)I. Listening 30%Section A1. A. At home. B. At an airport.C. On a highway.D. At the bus stop.2. A. A salesman. B. A policemanC. A waiter.D. A hairdresser.3. A. Doubtful. B. Satisfied.C. Understanding.D. Appreciative.4. A. Mike is always punctual. B. Mike will be late for the meeting.C. Mike always breaks his word.D. Mike has lots of gold.5. A. He has a bad cough. B. He has a headache.C. He feels very tired.D. He has a toothache.6. A. He is lazy. B. He is proud.C. He is careless.D. He is selfish.7. A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter.C. Mother and son.D. Customer and saleswoman.8. A. An assistant. B. A teacher.C. A lawyer.D. An insurance agent.9. A. The man is a gardener. B. The man seems pale.C. The man is new to the job.D. The man is very careful.10. A. He failed an exam. B. He quarreled with his friend.C. He wasn’t elected monitor.D. He got a bad cold.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The Seventh Duchess (公爵夫人) wanted to start a custom.B. Wealthy people loved showing off their fine china cups.C. Wealthy people enjoyed eating something in the late afternoon.D. Duchess Anna liked the company of others in her sitting room.12. A. Cream tea. B. Full tea. C. Low tea. D. Regular tea.13. A. The routine of afternoon tea. B. The dress code for afternoon tea.C. The facilities for afternoon tea.D. The introduction to afternoon tea. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. To explain how to be a competitive swimmer.B. To find support from parents for scholarship contributions.C. To enroll swimmers with real enthusiasm for swimming.D. To raise funds for a swimming competition.15. A. Parents of swimmers. B. Tennis coaches.C. Candidates for the swim team.D. Competitive runners.16. A. It is a lifelong sportB. It may influence academic studies..C. It is less demanding than other sports.D. It does not offer many financial rewards.Section C (8%)Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation·Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar 16*1Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AIt’s s aid that today more than $400 billion a year is spent on advertising worldwide. Beyond that the economic impact of advertising touches justabout every consumer-product industry, from cars to chocolate. An advertisement reaches its consumers by means of TV and radio broadcasting, newspapers and magazines, direct mail billboards and posters, the Internet, and many other forms. As the case ___25____(stand), it is widely recognized that the global economy is being driven to a great extent by advertisements.A successful advertisement ____26_____(involve) at least three things. The advertisers will first of all identify the market. That is, they need to work out who will buy the product ___27____ question. Then, ____28____(identify) the market, they will work out the best way to meet the needs of this market. So they will take into account __29___ number of desires or worries the target consumers may have. Do they have the desire to be popular? Are they afraid of falling ill? Lots of questions like these might be raised. Finally, they will design the advertising programme. That is, they will study what words and images their advertisement should contain and what slogans they intend to make use of. Then celebrities are sometimes employed and invited to back up the product. Scientific data are often quoted as a means of adding truthful value to the ___30____(advertise) product.In everyday life consumers have seen lots of successful examples of advertisements. For example, Kodak, Nike, Coca-Cola, and McDonald’s are all very successful in attracting and selling to their customers.____31___, there are also many examples of advertisements that do not seem to reach the expected goal. One such example was related to McDonald’s first arrival in Brazil. Their advert isements suggested that people eat McDonald’s hot hamburgers “at a picnic at the beach.” By doing this, they failed to cater to the Brazilian customs of consuming cold things, such as beer, soft drinks, ice cream, and sandwiches, at a beach picnic. Brazilians do not consider a hot hamburger proper beach food.In advertising, ____32_____, the designers have to be highly culture-conscious when planning to carry out an international programme in a foreign country. Study the cultural background of the potential customers, or spoil the advertising programme!BThings that move obey certain laws. Three important laws of motion were established by Isaac Newton (1642~1727).NEWTON Ⅰ: INERTIANewton’s first law of motion seems simple: Objects at rest tend to remain at rest, ___33___ moving ones continue to move at a uniform speed in a straight line---____34____ acted upon by an outside force. This resistance to change is called inertia, and it explains a lot of everyday experiences no matter where you happen to live.One is that when the car or airplane you’re in begins to move, your body is pushed back___ 35_____ the seat. That is, it tends to remain at rest _36____ _____ _______ the forward-moving force of the vehicle transferred to you through the seat. ____37___ aspect of this law shows that the normal courses for freely moving objects is a straight line. That explains why, when you whirl something around your head---such as a ball on a string---and then let it go, the ball flies straight. It ___38___ keeps circling your head nor does it move off in a sweeping curve.NEWTON Ⅱ: F=MANewton’s second law relates the amount of force need ed to move an object to the object’s mass and its acceleration.Push a child in a swing, or ride a planet around the sun, and you’re using Newton’s second law of motion, which states that _____39_______ you want to change the speed or direction of something, you have to apply an appropriate force. The bigger the mass or the larger the intended a cceleration, the greater the necessary force. This law’s formula allows engineers tocalculate what’s required to launch a jet fighter from an aircraft carrier, or how strong a seat belt__ 40_____ be to restrain, say, a 160-pound person when his car stops suddenly while travelling at 60 mph.III. Vocabulary 20*1.5=30Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the boxes. Each word can only be used once. Note that in each box there is one word more than you need.AA.wayB. labelC. stereotypesD. situated AB. foreign AC. studies AD. references BC. address BD. politely CD. insulting ABC. respectivelyThe US is often called a “melting pot” full of people of different colors, races and religions. But there has long been a problem about how to properly ___41___ different races and ethnic minorities. On May 20, US President Barack Obama signed a bill that will remove some old racial language from US law.The bill, which Obama signed during Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, will get rid of all___42____ to “Orientals”, “Negroes”, “Indians” and “Eskimos”, and replace them with “Asian Americans”, “African Americans”, “Native Americans” and “Alaska Natives” ___43______.“The word ‘Oriental’ is an ___44___ and very old-fashioned term, and it’s __45___ past timefor the United States government to stop using it,” Grace Meng, the New York Democrat who proposed the changes, said in a statement.Mae M Ngai, a professor of Asian American ___46__ at Columbia University, explained why “Oriental” is often regarded as an offensive word. She told The New York Times that “Oriental” isa Eurocentric name: “You should call people by what they call themselves, not how they are__47___ in relation to yourself.”Jeff Yang, a reporter for the San Francisco Chronicle, also thinks that the image associated with the __48___ “Oriental” makes it insulting. “You can’t think of‘Oriental’ without having the smell of incense (香) and the sound of a gong (锣) kind in your head,” he said in an interview with NPR.The new bill sends the message that “oriental” is hardly an inoffensive word, according to Erika Lee, director of the Immigration History Research Center at the University of Minnesota.“In the US, the term ‘Oriental’ has been used to support the idea that Asians were or are forever ___49___ and could never become American. These ideas helped to justify racial discrimination and segregation ,” Le e told NBC News. Lee said that using the term only leads to more “inequality,disrespect, discrimination, and ___50___ towards Asian Americans, a group that is still not seen enough in American politics despite being the fastest-growing group in the US”.BMany of us have found ourselves trying to explain to friends and colleagues, “No, business travel isn’t as fun and fascinating as it seems.” Finally, there could be proof to___51___ this up.Researchers at the University of Surrey, in Britain, and Linnaeus University, in Sweden, have published a new study highlighting what they call “a ___52___ side of hypermobility(常飞行)”.The study, which combines existing research on the effects of frequent travel, finds three types of consequence: physiological, psychological and emotional, and social. The physiological ones are the most obvious. Jet ___53___ is the suffering travellers know best, although they may not foresee some of its more terrible potential effects, like speeding ageing or increasing the risk of heart attack and st roke. Then there’s the danger of deep-vein thrombosis(深静脉血栓), ___54___ to germs and radiation. And finall y, of course, business travellers tend to get less exercise and eat less healthily than people who stay ___55____The psychological and emotional damage of business travel is more abstract, but just as real. Frequent flyers experience “travel disorientation”from changing places and time zones so often. They also suffer___56___ stress, given that “time spent travelling will rarely be balanced through a reduced workload, and that there may be anxieties associated with work continuing to pile up while being away”. Due to the ___57___ from family and friends, “hypermobility is frequently a/an isolating experience,”the authors write. The accumulated impact can be astonishing and great.Finally, there are the social effects. Marriages suffer from the time apart, as does children’s behaviour. What is more, relationships tend to become more unequal, as the partner who stays at home is forced to take on more ___58___ duties. There’s a gender inequality here, since most business travellers are men. Friendships also suffer, as business travellers often “sacrifice local collective activities and instead ___59___ their immediate families when returning from trips”.Of course, these impacts are moderated by the fact that they fall disproportionately on a small part of the population that is already doing rather well. The “mobile elite(精英)”tend to have higher incomes and access to better health care than the population___60___ So these may be problems of the 1% (or the 3%, or the 5%). But they’re real enough regardless. By all means feel jealous of acquaintances' Instagram photos of exotic meals and faraway attractions. But harbour a small amount of concern as well.IV. Cloze: 16’Have you ever shouted, “The rent is too damn high”? Shaking wall and hidden disgusting bugs? You’re not ___61___. The ancient Romans experienced the same ___62___ with their apartments. From ___63___ landlords to sanitation problems, pests to smells, Roman urban living was no walk in the park.Even in the very early days of Rome, people were crowded together in uncomfortable ___64____. This collection of animals of every kind mixed together, made life miserable for common citizens. And the close contact spread diseases.Roman rented residence were called insulae, or islands, because they occupied whole blocks, with the roads flowing around them like water around an island. The insulae, often consisting of six to eight apartment blocks built around a staircase and central courtyard, __65___ poor workers who couldn’t afford a traditional domus, or private house.By the fourth century A.D., there were around 45,000 insulae in Rome, as ___66___ to fewer than 2,000 private homes. Many people were ___67___ into their quarters. Apartments on the lower floor would be the easiest for entry and exit –and therefore belong to thewealthy renters –while unfortunate individuals were___68___ on higher floors in tiny rooms.Though made of concrete brick, insulae were usually weakly built, ___69__ poor craftsmanship and little fund. They usually collapsed and killed passers-by. As a result, emperors restricted how high ___70___ could construct insulae. The maximum building height was 60 feet.According to law then, builders were supposed to make walls at least an inch and a half thick, so as to ___71____ the safetyof the building. However, it didn’t work so well, especially since building ___72___ were ignored by the landlords in order to save on the construction cost, and most renters were too poor to ____73___ landlords. Therefore, the life-threatening accidents usually happened. Even if insulae didn’t fall down, they could be so ___74___ as to be washed away in a flood. That's about the only time their inhabitants would have access to clean natural water, since there was rarely in-home plumbing(水管)in an apartment.What’s more, the insulae caught fire frequently leaving Rome with a vicious(恶意的)___75___ of houses burning down and collapsing, sales, then immediate reconstruction and fire once more time. Indeed, rather than being at the nature’s hands,some collapses were ___76___since the greedy landlords keep on tearing down the existing insulae and replacing them with higher and larger monsters in pursuit of more rents.61. A. lonely B. alone C. unique D. special62. A. annoyance B. complaint C. history D. consequence63. A. unfair B. gracious C. mean D. terrified64. A. basements B. mansions C. seasons D. quarters65. A. housed B. lived C. reserved D. organized66. A. exposed B. opposed C. switched D. related67. A. mixed B. filled C. invited D. squeezed68. A. arranged B. assigned C. thrown D. banned69. A.instead of B.thanks to C. regardless of D. except for70. A. builders B. architects C. landlords D. renters71. A. insure B. make sure C. assure D. ensure72. A. codes B. limitations C. reservations D. emphasis73. A. defeat B. alert C. charge D. object74. A. cheap B. vacant C. insignificant D. shaky75. A. cycle B. punishment C. treatment D. fate76. A. unexpected B. intentional C. restless D. thoroughV. Reading: (28+8)Part A 28’Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A) Dear XXX,From the momentI started rolling my dad’s tu be socksAnd shooting imaginaryGame-winning shotsIn the Great Western ForumI knew one thing was real:I fell in love with you.A love so deep I gave you my all —From my mind & bodyTo my spirit & soul.As a six-year-old boyDeeply in love with youI never saw the end of the tunnel.I only saw myselfRunning out of one.And so I ran.I ran up and down every courtAfter every loose ball for you.You asked for my hustleI gave you my heartBecause it came with so much more.I played through the sweat and hurtNot because challenge called meBut because YOU called me.I did everything for YOUBecause that’s what you doWhen someone makes you feel asAlive as you’ve made me feel.You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dreamAnd I’ll always love you for it.But I can’t love you obsessively for much longer.This season is all I have left to give.My heart can take the poundingMy mind can handle the grindBut my body knows it’s time to say goodbye.A nd that’s OK.I’m ready to let you go.I want you to know nowSo we both can savor every moment we have left together.The good and the bad.We have given each otherAll that we have.And we both know, no matter what I do nextI’ll always be that kidWith the rolled up socksGarbage can in the corner:05 seconds on the clockBall in my hands.5 ... 4 ... 3 ... 2 (1)Love you always,Kobe77. Who was this letter written to?A. Kobe’s father.B. Kobe’s wife.C. Basketball.D. Himself.78. When was the letter written?A. When Kobe found himself falling in love.B. When Kobe started rolling his dad’s tube socks.C. When someone made Kobe feel threatened.D. When Kobe decided to announce his retirement.79. Which of the following statements is FALSE?A. Kobe started his Laker dream at the age of six.B. The Great Western Forum is most probably a stadium.C. Kobe will give up the season because it is time to say goodbye.D. Kobe is suffering multiple physical injuries.BI love books that are great to read aloud, side-splittingly funny, hair-raisingly exciting and make me cry. Here are my top four children’s books.A book that made me cry:The Lorax by Dr. SeusThe Lorax’s doomed fight to save his beloved Truffula trees from extinction at the hands of the blue-armed capitalist called the Onceler, has that lovely mixture of humour, truth and pathos. “Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better, it’s not,” says the Onceler, throwing the Very Last Truffula Seed of Them All down to the child who is being told the story.At this point, if you are not in tears, you have a heart of stone.● A book that made me want to be the heroine:Pippi Longstocking by Astrid LindgrenPippi Longstocking was so strong that she could lift a horse above her head. She had independent means, no visible parents, the cheek of several Peter Pans and her very own monkey.I longed to be her.● A book with a fantasy world I am tempted to believe is true:The Sword in the Stone by T.H. White“The best thing for being sad, is to learn something,” says Merlin, the magician who lives life backwards. This is a book about learning to be a hero, and it is funny and wise. The fight between the two knights with armour so heavy that they can barely move still makes me laugh out loud.● A book for your inner and your actual teenager:Holes by Louis SacharStanley Yelnats is a young delinquent who is pointlessly digging holes at Camp Green Lake as punishment for a crime he did not commit. A thrilling story of crime, redemption and how the past haunts the present.80. Which book is hair-raisingly exciting?A.The LoraxB. Pippi LongstockingC. The Sword in the StoneD. Holes81. Which of the following is true according to the article?A.The Lorax tells a thrilling story that may scare many children.B.Pippi Longstocking is a hero with special personality traits.C.The Sword in the Stone tells a story about a magician looking for a sword all his life.D.In Holes, Stanley Yelnats is wronged and punished.82. The following adjectives can be used to describe the features of the above four books except __________.A. imaginativeB. exclusiveC. thrillingD. humorousCNo woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myselfhave fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better -- or worse -- part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity's seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.Today the opposite is true. We have shifted lo thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat -- or even only somewhat overweight -- is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem -- too much fat and a lack of fiber -- than a weight problem.The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory.83. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that____________.A. the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtueB. looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortuneC. being thin is viewed as a much desired qualityD. religious people are not necessarily virtuous84. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author_____________.A. had to go on a diet for the greater part of her lifeB. could still prevent herself from going off the crackC. had to seek help from rich distant relativesD. had to wear highly fashionable clothes85. In human history, people's views on body weight_____________.A. were closely related to their religious beliefsB. changed from time to timeC. varied between the poor and the richD. led to different moral standards86. What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?A. They should be more concerned with their overall life style.B. They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.C. They should gain weight to look healthy.D. They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.DStudies have long shown a difference in cognitive ability between high- and low-income children, but for the first time, scientists have found a difference between low-income children growing up in rural areas and those growing up in urban environments.Researchers at Dartmouth College have found that children growing up in rural poverty score significantly lower on visual working memory tests than their urban counterparts. However, children in urban poverty score slightly lower on tests of verbal working memory.Working memory is the ability to keep information in mind while using that information to complete a task. It is a better predictor of academic success than IQ and is crucial to skills as diverse as reading, math processing, and decision making.The results of the Dartmouth study appear online in the Journal of Cognition and Development and will be included in the journal's next print edition. A PDF is available now upon request.The study results were also groundbreaking because they demonstrated a gap between the verbal and visual working memories of children living in rural poverty. None of the other groups included in the study -- kids from high-income rural, high-income urban, and low-income urban backgrounds -- performed significantly better in one area than the other.Follow-up research is needed to conclusively determine the cause of the disparities found in the study, but author Michele Tine, assistant professor of education and principal investigator in the Poverty and Learning Lab at Dartmouth, suggests they may be connected to seemingly minor differences in the daily lives of country- versus city-dwellers.For example, rural areas tend to have less noise pollution than urban ones, and chronic noise pollution has been shown to hurt verbal working memory. On the other hand, rural areas lack visual stimuli common in cities -- such as traffic, crowds, and signs -- and this may give rural children less opportunity to develop their visual working memory, Tine surmises.Previous research has shown environmental factors do not impact the cognitive ability of high-income children as much as low-income children, which is consistent with Tine's finding that wealthy children had almost identical working memory abilities, regardless of whether they lived in urban or rural environments.87. Children in rural poverty score lower in visual working memory because of _____.A. the long-term noise pollutionB. the lack of visual stimuliC. the shortage of audio-visual equipmentD. less opportunity to meet wealthy people88. What’s the value of Dartmouth study?A. It shows a difference between high- and low-income children.B. It finds out the factors that influence the development of cognitive ability.C. It finds a difference between low-income children in rural and urban areas.D. It proves working memory test have an advantage over IQ test.89. The underlined word “disparities” is closest in meaning to _____.A. differencesB. disapprovalsC. destructionsD. directions90. What can we learn from the passage?A. Wealthy kids in urban background perform better than their rural counterparts.B. Tine’s brave assumption has been proved by his follow-up researches.C. Tine’s finding doesn’t agree with the results of the previous researches.D. The results of Dartmouth study are only available online at the present time.Section B (8分)Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there two sentences more than you need.EThe Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 91 _ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 92 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200, 000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. It all depends on your character.No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 93 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.94 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. Those are the risks you should jump to take.B. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.C. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.D.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.AB. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. AC. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.第II卷(共46分)I. Translation22 % (4+4+4+5+5)1. 这次英语辩论赛之后,我意识到是愚蠢的骄傲蒙蔽了自己。
2018届上海市七宝中学高三上学期测试英语试题

绝密★启用前2018届上海市七宝中学 高三上学期测试英语试题试卷副标题xxx注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、阅读理解Everyone gathered around and Paddy read out loud, slowly, his tone growing sadder and sadder. The little headline said: BOXER RECEIVES LIFF SENTENCE.Frank Cleary, aged 26, professional boxer, was today found guilty of the murder of Albert Gumming, aged 32, laborer, last July. The jury(陪审团) reached its decision after only ten minutes, recommending the most severe punishment to the court. It was, said the Judge, a simple case. Cumming and Cleary had quarreled violently at the Harbour Hotel on July 23rd and police saw Cleary kicking at the head of the unconscious Gumming. When arrested, Cleary was drunk but clear-thinking.Cleary was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. Asked if he had anything to say, Cleary answered, “Just don’t tell my mother.”“It happened over three years ago,” Paddy said helplessly. No one answered him or moved, for no one knew what to do. “Just don’t tell my mother,” said Fee numbly(麻木地). “And no one did! Oh, God! My poor, poor Frank!” Paddy wiped the tears from his face and said. “Fee, pack your things. We’ll go to see him.”She half-rose before sinking back, her eyes in her small white face stared as if dead. “I can't go,” she said without a hint of pain, yet making everyone feel that the pain was there. “It would kill him to see me. I know him sowell—his pride, his ambition. Let him bear the shame alone, it’s what he wants. We’ve got to help him keep his secret. What good will it do him to see us?”Paddy was still weeping, not for Frank, but for the life which had gone from Fee’s face, for the dying in her eyes. Frank had always brought bitterness and misfortune, always stood between Fee and himself. He was the cause of her withdrawal from his heart and the hearts of his children. Every time it looked as if there might be happiness for Fee, Frank took it away. But Paddy’s love for her was as deep and impossible to wipe out as hers was for Frank.So he said, “Well, Fee, we won’t go. But we must make sure he is taken care of. How about if I write to Father Jones and ask him to look out for Frank?”There was no excitement in the eyes, but a faint pink stole into her cheeks. “Yes, Paddy, do that. Only make sure he knows not to tell Frank we found out. Perhaps it would ease Frank to think for certain that we don’t know.”1.Paddy cried because he thought ________.A. what had happened to Frank was killing FeeB. Frank should have told Fee what had happenedC. Frank did kill someone and deserved the punishmentD. Frank had always been a man of bad moral character2.The underlined sentence “She half-rose before sinking back...” in Paragraph 6 shows that ________.A. Fee was so heart-broken that she could hardly stand upB.Fee didn’t want to upset Paddy by visiting FrankC. Fee struggled between wanting to see Frank and respecting his wish D.Fee couldn’t leave her family to go to see Frank3.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The jury and the judge agreed on the Boxer’s Sentence of Life Imprisonment. B.Frank didn’t want his family to know the sentence to him, most probably out of his pride.C.The family didn’t find out what had happened to Frank until 3 yea rs later. D. The police found Gumming unconscious, heavily struck by Frank.4.What is Frank and Paddy’s probable relationship with Fee?B.Frank is Fee’s lover and Paddy is Fee’s husband.C.Frank is Fee’s brother and Paddy is Fee’s lover.D.Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s husband.Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition TourOverviewShakespeare’s Globe Exhibition is the world’s largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London’s Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare’s world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations.HighlightsTour the reconstructed Globe Theat re and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare’s day All-day access to the interactive Globe ExhibitionActors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare’s world to lifeScheduleApril 23 to October 99:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days. October 10 to March 3110:00am to 5:00pm.Important note:Rehearsals(排练) will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead.Additional infoInclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to ExhibitionGuided tour of Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people)Exclusions(不包含项目): Hotel pickup and drop offFood and drinks, unless specifiedPricingClick the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Ourwithout knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of t he WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops of owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them. The users of th eir services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them —and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product the y’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital liver yield. Ants keep enemy insects away from where their aphids(蚜虫) feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes. It doesn't feel like a human or democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.8.According to Paragraph1,Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its________.A.digital products B.user informationC.physical assets D.quality service9.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may________.A.worsen political disputes B.mess up customer recordsC.pose a risk to Facebook users D.mislead the European commission 10.Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook usersbecause________.A.they are no defined as customers B.they are not financially reliable C.these services are generally digital D.the services are paid for by advertisers11.The ants analogy is used to illustrate_________.B.a typical competition pattern among digital giants C.the benefits provided for digital giants' customers D.the relationship between digital giants and their users第II卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II卷的文字说明参考答案1.A2.C3.B4.D【解析】试题分析:文章节选自小说《荆棘鸟》。
上海七宝德怀特高级中学2018年高一化学联考试题含解析

上海七宝德怀特高级中学2018年高一化学联考试题含解析一、单选题(本大题共15个小题,每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,共60分。
)1. 下列说法中,错误的是A.任何化学反应都伴随能量变化B.反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量时,反应放热C.在铜、锌和稀硫酸构成的原电池中,铜是负极D.手机电池在充电时,是电能转变为化学能参考答案:C略2. 下列物质属于电解质的一组是()A. CO2、NH3、HClB. H2SO4、HNO3、BaCl2C. H3PO4、H2O、CuD. 液态KNO3、NaOH溶液、C2H5OH参考答案:B3. 一种盐X与烧碱混合共热,可放出无色气体Y,Y经一系列氧化后再溶于水可得Z溶液,Y和Z反应又生成X,则X是()A.(NH4)2SO4 B.NH4NO3 C.NH4Cl D.NH4HCO3参考答案:B解析:铵盐与烧碱共热产生NH3,Y为NH3,NH3 NO NO2 HNO3NH4NO3。
Z为HNO3,X为NH4NO3。
4. 可逆反应2A(g)+3B(g)===2C(g)+D(g)相同条件下的反应速率,反应速率最快的是()A. v (A)= 0.5mol/ (L·min)B. v (B)= 0.02mol/ (L·s)C. v (C)=0.35mol/ (L·min)D. v (D)= 0.3mol/ (L·min)参考答案:B统一v (B)的单位:v (B)= 0.02mol/ (L·s)=1.2 mol/ (L·min);各物质的速率分别除以各自对应的系数,可得:v (A)=0.5/2=0.25 mol/(L·min),v (B)=1.2/3=0.4 mol/(L·min),v (C)=0.35/2=0.175mol/ (L·min), v (D)=0.3/1=0.3mol/ (L·min),数值最大的,反应速率最快,因此B正确;正确选项B。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
x2 2x 3, x 0
则实数 a 的取值范围是
9.
已知直线
f (x) k0x b 与曲线
g(x)
k2 x
交于点
M (m, 1) 、
N (n, 2) ,则不等式
f 1(x) g 1(x) 的解集为
10.
若实数
x 、 y 满足 x2 4xy 4y2 4x2 y2 4 ,则当
x 2y 取得最大值时,
20.(1) (1,1) ,奇函数;(2)
2
1 ;(3)存在,
t
m 1
n mn
.
21.(1)12;(2) (0,1) ;(3) x 2 .
第 4页
的( )条件
A. 充分不必要
B. 必要不充分
C. 充要
D. 既不充分也不必要
第 1页
微信公众号:一站升学
15. 如果函数 y f (x) 图像上任意一点的坐标(x, y) 都满足方程lg(x y) lg x lg y ,
那么正确的选项是( )
A. y f (x) 是区间(0,) 上的减函数,且 x y 4
x
的值为
y
11. 已知函数 f (x) x2 2x a(e x1 e x1) 有唯一零点,则 a
x2 , x D
12. 设 f (x) 是定义在 R 上且周期为 1 的函数,在区间[0,1) 上, f (x)
,
x, x D
其中集合 D {x | x n 1, n N*},则方程 f (x) lg x 0 的解的个数是
6. [ 3 , 1) 2
9. [2, ) (1, 0)
10. 12
3. 4 Leabharlann 34. k 11 7. [ ,1]
2
8. a 2
11. 1 2
12. 8
二. 选择题 13. A
14. D
15. C
16. D
三. 解答题
17. (0,3] .
18.(1) k 1 ;(2) m 1 . 2
19.(1) y mk (ax 5) , x N ;(2)不能,理由略.
n
2017.10
二. 选择题
13. 给定集合 A 、 B ,定义 A* B {x | x m n,m A,n B},若 A {4,5,6}, B {1,2,3} ,
则集合 A* B 中的所有元素之和为( )
A. 15
B. 14
C. 27
D. 14
14. 已知 a,b,c R ,“ b2 4ac 0 ”是“函数 f (x) ax2 bx c 的图像恒在 x 轴上方”
A. ①和②均为真命题
B. ①和②均为假命题
C. ①为真命题,②为假命题
D. ①为假命题,②为真命题
三. 解答题
17. 已知 p : x 2 0 , q : x2 2x 1 m2 0 (m 0) ,且 p 是q 的必要不充分条件. 10 x
求实数 m 的取值范围.
18. 已知函数 f (x) log4 (4x 1) kx(k R) 为偶函数.
3. 设
f
(x)
1
, | x | 1
1 ,则 f [ f ( 2)]
1 x2
4. 使关于 x 的不等式 | x 1 | k x 有解的实数 k 的取值范围是
5. 能够说明“设 a 、 b 、 c 是任意实数,若 a b c ,则 a b c ”是假命题的一组整数
a 、 b 、 c 的值依次为
微信公众号:一站升学 七宝中学高三 2018 届第一次联考数学试卷
一. 填空题
1. 设集合 A {1,2,3} , B {2,3,4},则 A B
2.
已知一元二次不等式
f (x) 0 的解集为{x | x 1}{x | x
1 } ,则
f (2x) 0 的解集
2
为
| x 1 | 2, | x | 1
(2) 设 P 是新建标段的总造价与新建道路交叉口的总造价之比,若新建的标段数是原有标
段数的 20%,且 k 3 ,问: P 能否大于 1 ,说明理由. 20
20.
已知函数
f
(x)
log
a
1 1
x x
(0
a
1)
.
(1)求函数 f (x) 的定义域 D,并判断 f (x) 的奇偶性;
(2)如果当 x (1, a) 时, f (x) 的值域是(,1) ,求 a 的值;
2
的取值范围;
(3) 若 a 2 ,h(x) cx1 ,(x 1,c 0) ,且a、b、c 是三角形的三边长,试求满足等式:h(x) f (x) g(x)
有解的最大的 x 的范围.
第 3页
微信公众号:一站升学 参考答案
一. 填空题
1. {1,2,3, 4}
5. 1 、 2 、 3
2. ( 1 ,1) 24
(1)求
k
的值;(2)若方程
f
(x)
log
4
(
m 2x
1)
有解,求实数 m 的范围.
第 2页
微信公众号:一站升学
19. 某市对城市路网进行改造,拟在原有 a 个标段(注:一个标段是指一定长度的机动车道)的基础上, 新建 x 个标段和 n 个道路交叉口,其中 n 与 x 满足 n ax 5 .已知新建一个标段的造价为m 万元,新建一 个道路交叉口的造价是新建一个标段的造价的 k 倍. (1) 写出新建道路交叉口的总造价 y (万元)与 x 的函数关系式;
B. y f (x) 是区间(1,) 上的增函数,且 x y 4
C. y f (x) 是区间(1,) 上的减函数,且 x y 4
D. y f (x) 是区间(1,) 上的减函数,且 x y 4 16. 设 f (x) 、 g(x) 、 h(x) 是定义域为 R 的三个函数,对于下列命题:① 若 f (x) g(x) 、
6.
x2
已知不等式
2x
0 的解集为 A ,且 2 A , 3 A ,则实数 a 的取值范围是
x 2a
7. 已知 x 0 , y 0 ,且 x y 1,则 x2 y2 的取值范围是
8.
已知
f
(x)
x 2
4x
3,
x0
,不等式 f (x a) f (2a x) 在[a, a 1] 上恒成立,
(3)对任意的 m,n D ,是否存在t D ,使得 f (m) f (n) f (t) ,若存在,求出t ,
若不存在,请说明理由.
21. 设 f (x) ax1 , g(x) bx1 (a,b 0) ,记 h(x) f (x) g(x) .
(1)若 h(2) 2 , h(3) 12 ,当 x [1,3] 时,求 h(x) 的最大值; (2) 若 a 2 , b 1 ,且方程| h(x) | t (0 t 1) 有两个不相等的实根 m 、 n ,求 mn
f (x) h(x) 、 g(x) h(x) 均为增函数,则 f (x) 、 g (x) 、 h(x) 中至少有一个增函数;
② 若 f (x) g(x) 、 f (x) h(x) 、 g(x) h(x) 均是以T 为周期的函数,则 f (x) 、 g (x) 、
h(x) 均是以T 为周期的函数,下列判断正确的是( )