VT-VSPA2 放大板样本
VT-VSPA2-1-2X-英文说明书
– Output signal ”operational“
– Switchable measuring socket (option T5)
– Polarity protection for the supply voltage
– Power supply with DC/DC convertor without a raised zero point
2
Function
3
Block circuit diagram and connection allocation
4 and 5
Technical data
6 and 7
Characteristic curves
7
Display and adjustment elements
8 a nd 9
Unit dimension
The following is valid:
Standard Current Differential
Com.
Flow
value
input
input value socket direction
–100%
4 mA
–10 V
–10 V
P to B, A to T
0%
12 mA
0V
0V
100 %
20 mA
Electric Drives and Controls
Hydraulics
Linear Motion and Assembly Technologies
Pneumatics
Service
泉州东驰电子技术有限公司 ｗｗｗ．ｄｏｎｇｃｈｉ－ｉｅ．ｃｏｍ 电话：０５９５－２８１８３３５０ 传真：０５９５－２２５７９９００ 专业提供比例放大器
太赫兹双十字形吸波器的仿真与测试
太赫兹双十字形吸波器的仿真与测试一、结构描述图2-25给出了太赫兹双十字形吸波器的结构单元示意图,该结构共有3层:最上层是由一大一小两种十字形金属贴片周期性排列组成的;最下层是金属底板,其厚度远大于金属在该频段的趋肤深度;中间层是一块介质平板,将上、下两部分分隔开来。
该结构的几何参数为Px =900μm,Py=2Px,L1=400μm,L2=600μm,w1=w2=300μm,d=400μm,h=370μm。
介质平板的材料为FR4,其相对介电常数为εr=4.4,损耗角的正切为tanδ=0.03[29]。
金属贴片和金属底板的材料都是铜,厚度t=18μm,电导率为σ=5.8×107S/m。
图2-25 太赫兹双十字形吸波器结构示意图二、仿真结果与分析图2-26给出了顶层贴片为4种不同配置时的吸收曲线。
其中短划线代表顶层无十字贴片时介质-金属结构的仿真结果;点线和点划线分别代表顶层只有小十字贴片的小十字结构以及顶层只有大十字贴片的大十字结构的仿真结果;短划线和实线分别代表TE模式(电场方向沿x轴)和TM模式(电场方向沿y轴)下双十字结构的吸收曲线。
可见介质-金属结构在f=0.293处存在一个吸收峰,同时其他3种结构均在该频率处实现了较高的吸收效果。
这种现象可以使用干涉相消理论来解释:谐振频率f0=0.293可以转化为波长λ=1 024μm,对应介质中的波长λ′0=λ/n=488μm,其中n=2.098是FR4介质的折射率。
在本结构中,FR4的厚度h=370μm≈3λ0/4,恰好接近λ/4的3倍。
当电磁波垂直入射时,发生干涉相消需要满足公式4nd=(2k-1)λ(k=1,2,3,…),其中n是材料折射率,d是材料厚度。
因此,入射波的反射部分与铜底板反射回来的出射波干涉相消,吸波器表面对入射波的反射大幅降低,最终导致吸收值的上升。
图2-26中的小十字结构和大十字结构分别只给出了一条吸收曲线,这是因为这两种结构都是对称的,在TE、TM 两种极化模式下具有完全相同的性能。
RF高功率线性PA原理介绍(数字预失真) LPAP2原理介绍PPT课件
硬件总体框图
RFin
输入分路单元 （ISU）
RF1
主功率放大 单元
（MPAU）
RF3
延时滤波器单元 （DFU）
RFout
Vpc1 Vac1
RF7 RF4
RF8 RF9 RF6
+28V +12V +5V
Voc
后面板 接口
-48V
电源单元 （PU）
RF2
Vip S12
Ev S28
载波抵消单元 （CCU）
2
前馈技术原理
AФ
RFout
RFin
AФ
自适应控制器
前馈技术原理框图
3
前馈技术原理
• RFin经过同相等分后，一路通过自适应控制 器控制的幅度和相位调整和主功率放大器放 大输出，并由定向耦合器取样得到主功放输 出取样信号送入载波抵消器参加信号对消；
• 另一路输入分路信号经过延时补偿处理（补 偿主功率放大通道的延时）后也进入载波抵 消器参加信号对消；
• 功率检测采用AD公司的功率检测芯片AD8362。 该芯片检测的动态范围大，输出电压按dB线 性输出，控制方便。
14
CCU（载波对消单元）
RF6 RF4
ERA-5
RF5
+12V
10dB 10dB
RF2
• CCB是主环对消的实现部件，它应该完成主环的载波信号抵消 及误差信号初级放大和取样等功能
15
11
输入分路单元（ISU）
RFin AD8362
RF1 +12V
Vip +5V +12V
RF2
Vpc1
Vac1
ISU原理框图
12
Yamaha VXC12-4 双路激光锥头 PA 音箱说明书
I SERIESPoint Source 600IP6-1122/64MEDIUM POWER 12-INCH TWO-WAY 60° x 40° INSTALLATION LOUDSPEAKERCommunity strives to improve its products on a continual basis. Specifications are therefore subject to change without notice.*Rated continuous maximum input voltage at passive loudspeaker input may be higher than for directly connected transducers due to losses in the passive crossover. Voltages applied to the transducer terminals through the passive crossover shall always be the same or lower than the rated continuous voltagefor each device.FEATURES• Long excursion ferrite LF driver with FEA-optimized motor and symmetric movement suspension • 3-inch voice coil, 1.4” exit HF driver; hybrid titanium/polyimide diaphragm on low compression phase plug • Lightweight and compact with deep LF extension• Large rotatable waveguide with individually voiced crossover, single amp / biamp selectable • Innovative low profile modular bracket systems create elegant arrays with simplified installationAPPLICATIONSMAIN PA (Small to Medium Size Venues)Houses of Worship · Auditoriums · Restaurants Meeting Rooms · Theaters · Corporate A/V Systems DISTRIBUTED OR FILL (Larger Size Venues)Arenas · Stadiums · Night Clubs · TheatersThemed Entertainment · Larger Houses of WorshipDESCRIPTIONI SERIES Point Source 600 loudspeakers provide excellent acoustic performance, modular flexibility and elegant aesthetics for modern performance venues. Designed to support the goals of systems integrators and consultants both acoustically and mechanically, I SERIES includes a wide variety of arrayable, rotatable coverage patterns and a comprehensive selection of modular bracket systems that accelerate system design and system commissioning.FEA-optimized ferrite motors, mechanically mirrored suspension and advanced cooling system combine to provide linear performance with minimal power compression. The custom long-excursion LF driver delivers deep bass response and a detailed midrange at maximum SPL levels. The HF driver delivers excellent sound quality from a hybrid diaphragm of deep drawn titanium and resonance-absorbing polyimide, coupled to a patented low compression, low resonance phase plug for very low distortion performance with abundant headroom.The rotatable 13-inch (330mm) HF waveguide provides well-defined coverage and a smooth off-axis response that enhances arrayability. Individually voiced crossovers produce proper beamwidth matching transitions and identical sonic signatures, permitting horn patterns to be mixed throughout an installation. Additionally, user selectable single-amp or biamp operating modes expand application flexibility.I SERIESPoint Source 600IP6-1122/64MEDIUM POWER 12-INCH TWO-WAY60° x 40° INSTALLATION LOUDSPEAKERI SERIES Point Source 600HORIZONTAL POLAR DATA (30dB Scale, 6dB per major division)IP6-1122/64MEDIUM POWER 12-INCH TWO-WAY 60° x 40° INSTALLATION LOUDSPEAKERVERTICAL POLAR DATA (30dB Scale, 6dB per major division)-6— 100 Hz — 125 Hz — 160 Hz — 200 Hz-90° right 45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front180°back — 250 Hz — 315 Hz — 400 Hz — 500 Hz— 630 Hz — 800 Hz — 1000 Hz — 1250 Hz-90° right 45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front 180°back-90° right 45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front180°back — 10000 Hz — 12500 Hz — 16000 Hz--90° right45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front180°back — 4000 Hz — 5000 Hz — 6300 Hz — 8000 Hz-90° right45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front 180°back — 1600 Hz — 2000 Hz — 2500 Hz — 3150 Hz-90° right45°135°90° left-45°-135°0°front 180°back -6— 100 Hz — 125 Hz — 160 Hz — 200 Hz-90° down 45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front180°back — 250 Hz — 315 Hz — 400 Hz — 500 Hz— 630 Hz — 800 Hz — 1000 Hz — 1250 Hz-90° down 45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front 180°back-90° down 45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front180°back — 10000 Hz — 12500 Hz — 16000 Hz-90° down45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front180°back — 4000 Hz — 5000 Hz — 6300 Hz — 8000 Hz-90° down45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front 180°back — 1600 Hz — 2000 Hz — 2500 Hz — 3150 Hz-90° down45°135°90° up-45°-135°0°front 180°backI SERIES Point Source 600IP6-1122/64MEDIUM POWER 12-INCH TWO-WAY60° x 40° INSTALLATION LOUDSPEAKERCommunity Professional Loudspeakers333 East Fifth Street, Chester, PA 19013-4511 USA Phone (610) 876-3400 • Fax (610) •*********************CAUTION: Installation of loudspeaker s should only be performed by trained and qualified personnel. It is strongly r ecommended that a licensed and cer tified pr ofessional structural engineer approve the mounting design.IP6-1122/64 [07JUN2016]NOTESTwo-way single ampTwo-way biamp I SERIESPoint Source 600Two-way input panelIP6-1122/64MEDIUM POWER 12-INCH TWO-WAY 60° x 40° INSTALLATION LOUDSPEAKER1. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS All measurements are taken indoor using a time-windowed and processed signal to eliminate room effects, approximating ananechoic environment, a distance of 6.0 m. All acoustic specifications are rounded to the nearest whole number. An external DSP with settings provided by Community Professional Loudspeakers is required to achieve the specified performance; further performance gains can be realized using Community’s dSPEC226 loudspeaker processor with FIR power response optimization.2. OPERATING RANGE The frequency range in which the on-axis processed response remains within 10dB of the average SPL.3. CONTINUOUS POWER HANDLING Maximum continuous input voltage (and the equivalent power rating, in watts, at the stated nominal impedance) that the system can withstand, without damage, for a period of 2 hours using an EIA-426-B defined spectrum; with recommended signal processing and protection filters. 4. NOMINAL SENSITIVITY Averaged SPL over the operating range with an input voltage that would produce 1 Watt at the nominal impedance and the averaged SPL over the operating range with a fixed input voltage of 2.83V, respectively; swept sine wave axial measurements with no external processing applied in whole space, except where indicated.5. NOMINAL MAXIMUM SPL Calculated based on nominal / peak power handling, respectively, and nominal sensitivity; exclusive of power compression.6. EQUALIZED SENSITIVITY The respective SPL levels produced when an EIA-426-B signal is applied to the equalized loudspeaker system at a level which produces a total power of 1 Watt , in sum, to the loudspeaker subsections and also at a level which produces a total voltage, in sum, of 2.83V to the loudspeaker subsections, respectively; each referenced to a distance of 1 meter.7. EQUALIZED MAXIMUM SPL The SPL produced when an EIA-426-B signal is applied to the equalized loudspeaker system, at a level which drives at least one subsection to its rated continuous input voltage limit, referenced to a distance of 1 meter. The peak SPL represents the 2:1 (6dB) crest factor of the EIA-426-B test signal.8. AXIAL PROCESSED RESPONSE The on-axis variation in acoustic output level with frequency of the complete loudspeaker system with recommended signal processing applied. 1/6 octave Gaussian smoothing applied.9. AXIAL SENSITIVITY The on-axis variation in acoustic output level with frequency for a 1 Watt swept sine wave, referenced to 1 meter with no signal processing. 1/6 octave Gaussian smoothing applied.10. HORIZONTAL / VERTICAL OFF-AXIS RESPONSES The loudspeaker’s magnitude response at various angles off-axis, with recommended signal processing applied in the operating mode which utilizes the largest number of individually amplified pass bands. 1/6 octave Gaussian smoothing applied.11. DIRECTIVITY INDEX The ratio of the on-axis SPLsquared to the mean squared SPL at the same distance for all points within the measurement sphere for each given frequency; expressed in dB. 1/6 octave Gaussian smoothing applied.12. BEAMWIDTH The angle between the -6dB points in the polar response of the loudspeaker when driven in the operating mode which utilizes the largest number of individually amplified pass bands. 1/6 octave Gaussian smoothing applied.Data presented on this spec sheet represents a selection of the basic performance specifications for the model. These specifications are intended to allow the user to perform a fair, straightforward evaluation and comparison with other loudspeaker spec sheets. For a detailed analysis of this loudspeaker’s performance, please download the GLL file and/or the CLF file from our website: .。
聚四氟乙烯性能参数
1．聚四氟乙烯聚四氟乙烯是用于密封的氟塑料之一。
聚四氟乙烯以碳原子为骨架，氟原子对称而均匀地分布在它的周围，构成严密的屏障，使它具有非常宝贵的综合物理机械性能(表14—9)。
聚四氟乙烯对强酸、强碱、强氧化剂有很高的抗蚀性，即使温度较高，也不会发生作用，其耐腐蚀性能甚至超过玻璃、陶瓷、不锈钢以至金、铂，所以，素有“塑料王”之称。
除某些芳烃化合物能使聚四氟乙烯有轻微的溶胀外，对酮类、醇类等有机溶剂均有耐蚀性。
只有熔融态的碱金属及元素氟等在高温下才能对它起作用。
聚四氟乙烯的介电性能优异，绝缘强度及抗电弧性能也很突出，介质损耗角正切值很低，但抗电晕性能不好。
聚四氟乙烯不吸水、不受氧气、紫外线作用、耐候性好，在户外暴露3年，抗拉强度几乎保持不变，仅伸长率有所下降。
聚四氟乙烯薄膜与涂层由于有细孔，故能透过水和气体。
聚四氟乙烯在200℃以上，开始极微量的裂解，即使升温到结晶体熔点327℃，仍裂解很少，每小时失重为万分之二。
但加热至400℃以上热裂解速度逐渐加快，产生有毒气体，因此，聚四氟乙烯烧结温度一般控制在375～380℃。
聚四氟乙烯分子间的范德华引力小，容易产生键间滑动，故聚四氟乙烯具有很低的摩擦系数及不粘性，摩擦系数在已知固体材料中是最低的。
聚四氟乙烯的导热系数小，该性能对其成型工艺及应用影响较大。
其不但导热性差，且线膨胀系数较大，加入填充剂可适当降低线膨胀系数。
在负荷下会发生蠕变现象，亦称作“冷流”，加入填充剂可减轻蠕变程度。
聚四氟乙烯可以添加不同的填充剂，选择的填充剂应基本满足下述要求：能耐380℃高温即四氟制品的烧结温度；与接触的介质不发生反应；与四氟树脂有良好的混入性；能改善四氟制品的耐磨性、冷流性、导热性及线膨胀系数等。
常用的填充剂有无碱无蜡玻璃纤维、石墨、碳纤维、MoS2、A123、CaF2、焦炭粉及各种金属粉。
如填充玻璃纤维或石墨，可提高四氟制品的耐磨、耐冷流性，填充MoS2可提高其润滑性，填充青铜、钼、镍、铝、银、钨、铁等，可改善导热性，填充聚酰亚胺或聚苯酯，可提高耐磨性，填充聚苯硫醚后能提高抗蠕变能力，保证尺寸稳定等。
ADA4817
CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
ADA4817-1
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) PD 1 FB 2 –IN 3 +IN 4 8 +VS 7 OUT 6 NC 5 –VS NC = NO CONNECT
07756-001
图1. 8引脚LFCSP (CP-8-2)
应用
光电二极管放大器 数据采集前端 仪器仪表 滤波器 ADC驱动器 CCD输出缓冲器
–IN1 1 +IN1 2 NC 3 –VS2 4
OUT2 5 +VS2 6 PD2 7 FB2 8
12 –VS1 11 NC 10 +IN2 9 –IN2
NC = NO CONNECT
概述
ADA4817-1（单通道）和 ADA4817-2（双通道） FastFET™ 放大器是具有FET输入的单位增益稳定、超高速电压反馈 型放大器。这些放大器采用 ADI公司的专有超快速互补双 极性(XFCB)工艺进行开发，这一工艺可使放大器实现超低 的噪声（4 nV/√Hz；2.5 fA/√Hz）及极高的输入阻抗。 ADA4817-1/ADA4871-2具有1.3 pF的输入电容、4 nV/√Hz 的低噪声、最大2 mV的低失调电压，以及1050 MHz的−3 dB带宽，非常适合数据采集前端及宽带跨导应用，如光电 二极管前置放大器等。
ADA4817-1
TOP VIEW (Not to Scale)
8 7 6 5
PD +VS OUT
07756-002
NC
NC = NO CONNECT
图2. 8引脚SOIC (RD-8-1)
ADA4817-2
伊顿 用于 22x58 毫米保险丝的 IEC 700V 100A 模块块 数据表
IEC 700V/100A modular blocks for 22x58 mm fusesCatalog symbols:• JM70100-_CR (fuse block)• JM70100-_MW_ (power distribution fuse block)Description:Eaton’s Bussmann™ series JM70100 products are available for 22x58 mm gG, aM and select high speed fuses as either a fuse block or power distribution fuse block that eliminates the need for a separate power distribution block.These new blocks have multiple features that increase versatility, reduce labor and enhance safety for any panel or electrical system design. Rated for applications up to 700 V and 100 amps, their modular design allows for assembly of multiple pole configurations at the point of use. These blocks can also be ordered as factory configured 2- and 3-pole versions.The versatile 35 mm DIN-rail or panel mount capability allows using the same block for multiple applications and reducing inventory cost. Optional IP20 finger-safe covers enhance electrical safety with a lockout/tagout feature and can be ordered with or without open fuse indication to speed troubleshooting.The patented power distribution fuse block configurations simplify your panel layout and require up to 78% less panel space. Additionally, they lower inventory cost while reducing installation time and labor by an average of 36%. Features and benefits:• Combination power distribution block and fuse block versions reduce wire connections and total panel components, requiring up to 78% less panel space and reducing installation time and labor by an average of 36%.• A 200kA withstand rating helps achieve a higher assembly short-circuit current rating (SCCR)for compliance with NEC® sections 110.10, 409.110(4), 409.22, 440.4(B), 670.3(A)(4) and 670.5.• Optional see-through cover enhances safety with IP20 finger-safe protection, lockout/tagout capability and open circuit indication.• Available in 1-, 2-, and 3-pole configurations to meet stocking requirements.• To reduce inventory, assembly time and labor, modular single-pole blocks snap-together for tool-less assembly of multiple poles at point of use.• DIN-rail and panel mount versatility allows one product to be used for multiple applications without incurring additional inventory cost.Fuses not included.2Technical Data 10496Effective June 2021IEC 700V/100A modular blocks for 22x58mm fuses/bussmannseriesSpecifications:Fuse class•IEC 22x58 mm gG, gL, aM and aR and gR high speed fusesRatings• Volts: 700 V • Amps: up to 100 A•Withstand: 200kA RMS SymAgency information:•Blocks• UL Recognized E14853 – IZLT2•CSA Component acceptance 47235 — 6225-01•Covers UL Listed UL E58836 – JDVSPoles•1-, 2-, 3-poleFlammability ratings• Blocks: UL 94V0, self-extinguishing •Covers: UL 94HB, self-extinguishingOperating and storage temperature range• Blocks: -40°C to +120°C•Covers:• Non-indicating -40°C to +120°C•Indicating -20°C to +90°CMaterials• Base: Thermoplastic•Terminals: Tin-plated aluminumConductors•75°C Cu/Al** Conductors with higher temperature rating may be used, but at their 75°C ampacity.Accessories:•Optional IP20 finger-safe covers in indicating and non-indicating versions. Order one for each pole.Recommended fuses (order separately)C22G_ IEC 22x58mm Class aM fuses up to 100720115FWP-_ 22x58mm high speed fusesup to 100*720026* Not for use with striker versions and must be applied within the operating temperature range of the block.Catalog numbers:3Technical Data 10496Effective June 2021IEC 700V/100A modular blocks for 22x58mm fuses /bussmannseries Dimensions - in (mm)CVRI-J-60060(WITH INDICATION)JM70100-3CR180.7JM70100-1CR JM70100-2CRIEC 700V/100A modular blocks for 22x58mm fusesTechnical Data 10496Effective June 2021Eaton and Bussmann are valuable trademarks of Eaton in the U.S. and other countries. Y ou are not permitted to use the Eaton trademarks without prior written consent of Eaton.Eaton1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland, OH Bussmann Division 114 Old State Road Ellisville, MO 63021United States/bussmannseries © 2021 EatonAll Rights Reserved Publication No. 10496June 2021Follow us on social media to get thelatest product and support information.For Eaton’s Bussmann series product information,call 1-855-287-7626 or visit:/bussmannseriesThe only controlled copy of this data sheet is the electronic read-only version located on the Eaton network drive. All other copies of this document are by definition uncontrolled. This bulletin is intended to clearly present comprehensive product data and provide technical information that will help the end user with design applications. Eaton reserves the right, without notice, to change design or construction of any products and to discontinue or limit distribution of any products. Eaton also reserves the right to change or update, without notice, any technical information contained in this bulletin. Once a product has been selected, it should be tested by the user in all possible applications.。
CS6R-380至405W全黑单极PV模块说明书
CS6R-380|385|390|395|400|405MS380 W ~ 405 WMORE POWERMORE RELIABLEComprehensive LID / LeTID mitigation technology, up to 50% lower degradationModule power up to 405 W Module efficiency up to 20.7 %405 WMinimizes micro-crack impactsBetter shading toleranceLower LCOE & system costIEC 61215 / IEC 61730 / CE / INMETRO / MCS / UKCAUL 61730 / IEC 61701 / IEC 62716 / IEC 63126 Level1 / IEC 60068-2-68 UNI 9177 Reaction to Fire: Class 1 / Take-e-way* For detailed information, please refer to the Installation Manual.Heavy snow load up to 5400 Pa, wind load up to 2400 Pa*HiKu6 (All-Black)CSI Solar Co., Ltd.199LushanRoad,SND,Suzhou,Jiangsu,China,215129,,********************ALL BLACK MONO PERCCSI Solar Co., Ltd. is committed to providing high quality solar photovoltaic modules, solar energy and battery storage solutions to customers. The company was recognized as the No. 1 module supplier for quality and performance/price ratio in the IHS Module Customer Insight Survey. Over the past 22 years, it has successfully delivered over 88 GW of premium-quality solar modules across the world.* The specific certificates applicable to different module types and markets will vary, and therefore not all of the certifications listed herein will simultaneously apply to the products you order or use. Please contact your local Canadian Solar sales representative to confirm the specific certificates available for your Product and applicable in the regions in which the products will be used.PRODUCT CERTIFICATES*MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFICATES*YearsYearsIndustry Leading Product Warranty on Materials and Workmanship*Linear Power Performance Warranty*1st year power degradation no more than 2%Subsequent annual power degradation no more than 0.55%*Subject to the terms and conditions contained in the applicable Canadian Solar Limited Warranty Statement. Also this 25-year limited product warranty is available only for prod -ucts installed and operating on residential rooftops in certain regions.ISO 9001 : 2015 / Quality management systemISO 14001 : 2015 / Standards for environmental management systemISO 45001 : 2018 / International standards for occupational health & safety IEC62941 : 2019 / Photovoltaic module manufacturing quality systemPARTNER SECTIONENGINEERING DRAWING (mm)Rear ViewCS6R-400MS / I-V CURVES* The specifications and key features contained in this datasheet may deviate slightly from our actual products due to the on-going innovation and product enhancement. CSI Solar Co., Ltd. reserves the right to make necessary adjustment to the information described herein at any time without further notice.Please be kindly advised that PV modules should be handled and installed by qualified people who have professional skills and please carefully read the safety and installation instructions before using our PV modules.CSI Solar Co., Ltd.199LushanRoad,SND,Suzhou,Jiangsu,China,215129,,********************VA V A1000 W/m 800 W/m 600 W/m400 W/m200 W/m5°C 25°C 45°C 65°CMECHANICAL DATASpecificationDataCell TypeMono-crystalline Cell Arrangement 108 [2 X (9 X 6) ]Dimensions1722 ˣ 1134 ˣ 30 mm (67.8 ˣ 44.6 ˣ 1.18 in)Weight21.3 kg (47.0 lbs)Front Cover 3.2 mm tempered glass with anti-reflective coatingFrame Anodized aluminium alloy, J-Box IP68, 3 bypass diodesCable4 mm 2 (IEC), 12 AWG (UL)ConnectorT6 or MC4 or MC4-EVO2 or MC4-EVO2ACable Length(Including Connector)Portrait: 350 mm (16.1 in) (+) / 250mm (11.4 in) (-); landscape: 1100mm (43.3 in)*Per Pallet 35 pieces Per Container (40' HQ)910 pieces* For detailed information, please contact your local Canadian Solar sales and technical representatives.141312111098765432105 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 600 ~ + 10 W1413121110987654321ELECTRICAL DATA | STC*CS6R380MS 385MS 390MS 395MS 400MS 405MS Nominal Max. Power (Pmax)380 W 385 W 390 W 395 W 400 W 405 W Opt. Operating Voltage (Vmp)30.0 V 30.2 V 30.4 V 30.6 V 30.8 V 31.0 V Opt. Operating Current (Imp)12.69 A 12.77 A 12.84 A 12.91 A 12.99 A 13.07 A Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)36.0 V 36.2 V 36.4 V 36.6 V 36.8 V 37.0 V Short Circuit Current (Isc)13.55 A 13.63 A 13.70 A 13.77 A 13.85 A 13.93 A Module Efficiency 19.5%19.7%20.0%20.2%20.5%20.7%Operating Temperature -40°C ~ +85°CMax. System Voltage 1500V (IEC/UL) or 1000V (IEC/UL)Module Fire Performance TYPE 1 (UL 61730 1500V) or TYPE 2 (UL 61730 1000V) or CLASS C (IEC 61730)Max. Series Fuse Rating 25 A Application Classification Class A Power Tolerance* Under Standard Test Conditions (STC) of irradiance of 1000 W/m 2, spectrum AM 1.5 and cell tempe -rature of 25°C.ELECTRICAL DATA | NMOT*CS6R380MS 385MS 390MS 395MS 400MS 405MS Nominal Max. Power (Pmax)284 W 288 W 291 W 295 W 299 W 303 W Opt. Operating Voltage (Vmp)28.1 V 28.3 V 28.4 V 28.6 V 28.8 V 29.0 V Opt. Operating Current (Imp)10.12 A 10.19 A 10.26 A 10.33 A 10.39 A 10.45 A Open Circuit Voltage (Voc)33.9 V 34.1 V34.2 V 34.4 V 34.6 V 34.7 V Short Circuit Current (Isc)10.91 A 10.98 A 11.05 A 11.11 A 11.17 A 11.23 A* Under Nominal Module Operating Temperature (NMOT), irradiance of 800 W/m 2, spectrum AM 1.5, ambient temperature 20°C, wind speed 1 m/s.TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICSSpecificationData Temperature Coefficient (Pmax)-0.34 % / °C Temperature Coefficient (Voc)-0.26 % / °C Temperature Coefficient (Isc)0.05 % / °CNominal Module Operating Temperature 42 ± 3°CMounting HoleFrame Cross Section A-AMar. 2023. All rights reserved, PV Module Product Datasheet V2.1C25_EN。
VT2000放大器
ＶＴ－２０００型放大器是一种比例功率放大器。
其组成主要包括：
－稳压器
－输入值预调电位器
－可控恒流发生器
－斜坡发生器
－２００Ｈｚ，正弦振荡器
－斜坡上升时间和下降时间分别可调
配套电路板架
性能曲线
输入信号限制
左 右
电源电压
－放大器仅能在断电时拔插头
－用设定于电压范围的动圈式仪表测试。
－调节的零伏输出（ＭＯ）相对于ＯＶ输入电源电压提高＋９Ｖ。
－ＭＯ不得与电源电压的ＯＶ相连。
－无线电发射机不得置于此电路板的１ｍ以内。
－输入信号只能用适于电流＜１ｍＡ的触点切换。
－屏蔽所有输入线。
使屏蔽的一端开路，并将电路板端接电源电压ＯＶ。
－不得把电磁铁线布于动力线附近。
Ｐ１＝先导电流Ｐ２＝最大电流
Ｐ３＝斜坡时间升０．１…５ ｓｅｃＰ４＝斜坡时间降０．１…５ ｓｅｃＰ５＝颤振电流
元件尺寸 （尺寸单位ｍｍ）
ＶＴ－２０００ Ｓ－２０
空间要求：８格 ４０ｍｍ
ＶＴ－２０００－Ｋ－２０
斜坡断。
VT样本
零部件及材料技术数据(公制)31272829102242026930652223325211718161514871913121114注：（A)执行机构以上的动作时间在下列实验条件下所测得1.对于执行机构32至160（1）室温（2）执行机构的行程是90°（3）电磁阀的通径为4mm流通能力为Qn400升/分（4）气管内径为6mm （5）中性干净空气（6）气源压力5.5巴（7）执行机构不带任何负载2.对于执行机构190至400（1）室温（2）执行机构的行程是90°（3）电磁阀的通径为12mm流通能力为Qn5100升/分（4）气管内径为6mm （5）中性干净空气（6）气源压力5.5巴（7）执行机构不带任何负载注意：在现场一个或多个参数与以上不同，动作时间也会不同D SD S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S D S 缸径（毫米）打开容积（升）关闭容积（升）打开时间（秒）0.30.90.40.90.40.90.9 1.00.9 1.40.9 1.4 1.3 2.4 1.3 2.8 2.0 4.8 2.2 2.4 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.7 4.4 4.9 5.0 6.0 6.27.47.59.6关闭时间（秒）0.40.70.40.80.40.90.9 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.4 2.4 1.4 3.0 2.4 4.9 2.6 3.0 3.8 4.1 4.0 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.87.28.48.5重量（公斤）0.470.591.131.251.972.212.933.293.784.265.145.866.097.1710.912.513.815.920.223.828.433.84048.464.677.879.198.9108136147188220283VT075VT085VT095VT270VT300VT350VT4003250657585VT110VT125VT140VT160VT190VT210VT0322703003504009511012514016019015.0619.0927.6542.810.040.150.320.500.660.83 1.41 1.76 2.85 4.75 6.600.0322.9628.2344.1062.051.17 1.27 2.13 2.72 4.087.20型号0.30.410.2915.111.40.090.190.300.440.88210240VT240VT050VT06510.6耗气量取决于气源压力、开关容积及动作次数，计算如下：升/分=气缸体积（打开容积+关闭容积）x 供气压力（Kpa）+101.3101.3（）x 次数/分钟 x安全系数因考虑到管损及配管接头等因素的影响，安全系数一般取1.3。
模拟电子技术第五章场效应管及其放大电路
①在漏极特性(tèxìng)上,对应某一vDS,作一垂直线； ②该垂线与各漏极特性(tèxìng)相交得到一组交点； ③由各交点所对应的vGS 和iD值可画出对应的转移特性(tèxìng)。
第十一页，共54页。
第十二页，共54页。
注意：通过判断VDS是否大 于VGS-VT，来确定 (quèdìng)管子工作在饱和区 还是可变电阻区。 当VGS<VT，管子截止。
例题: 电路如图所示，设Rg1=60kΩ，Rg2=40kΩ，Rd=15kΩ，
VDD=5V，VT=1V，Kn=0.2mA/V2。试计算电路的静态漏极电流 (diànliú)IDQ和漏源电压VDSQ。
例题: 电路如图所示，由电流(diànliú)源提供偏置（可由其
它MOS管构成）。设NMOS管的参数为Kn=160μA/V2， VT=1V， VDD=VSS=5V，IDQ=0.25mA， VDQ=2.5V。试求电路参数。
静态(jìngtài)时，vI＝0，VG ＝0，ID ＝ I
vGS VT
12
vGS VT , vDS vGS VT
第十六页，共54页。
5.1.4 沟道长度调制(tiáozhì)效应
iD Kn
vGS VT
2
KnVT2
vGS VT
2 1
I DO
vGS VT
2 1
iD Kn vGS VT 2 1 vDS
I
DO
vGS VT
12 1 vDS
1. 输出特性
iD f vDS |vGS 常数
vGD= vGS-vDS=VT
可变电阻区(resistive region) —— 饱和区
Vaddio 产品参数比较表说明书
PTZ Optical Zoom Enter Distance *Camera(Full Tele)Distance (feet)Horizontal VerticalVaddio PowerVIEW HD-30 2.2º30X (16x9)40 1.5360.864Vaddio PowerVIEW HD-22 3.1º22X (16x9)40 2.165 1.218Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-201080(i/p) Mode - 2.9º20X (16x9)40 2.025 1.139Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-20720p Mode - 1.933º20X (16:9)40 1.3500.759Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-19 3.188º19X (16:9)40 2.226 1.252Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-18 3.2º18X (16:9)40 2.235 1.257Vaddio CeilingVIEW HD-18 3.2º18X (16:9)40 2.235 1.257Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-USB 3.2º19X (16:9)40 2.235 1.257Vaddio ZoomSHOT HD 3.2º19X (16:9)40 2.235 1.257Vaddio WideSHOT HD 27.4º*Manual Lens 16:910.5mm (approx 3X)167.801 4.388Vaddio REVEAL Series3.2º18X (16:9)402.2351.257PTZ Optical ZoomEnter Distance *Camera(Spec)Distance (feet)Horizontal VerticalVaddio ClearVIEW HD-3065º30X (16:9)2025.4814.33Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-2265.2º22X (16:9)2025.5814.39Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-201080(i/p) Mode - 55.2º20X (16:9)2020.9111.76Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-20720p Mode - 36.8º20X (16:9)2013.317.48Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-1958.1º19X (16:9)2022.2212.50Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-1855.2º18X (16:9)2020.9111.76Vaddio CeilingVIEW HD-1855.218X (16:9)2020.9111.76Vaddio ClearVIEW HD-USB 58.119X (16:9)2022.2212.50Vaddio ZoomSHOT HD 58.1º19X (16:9)2022.2212.50Vaddio WideSH OT H D 82.2º*Manual Lens 16:93.5mm (approx 3X)813.967.85Vaddio REVEAL Series55.2º18X (16:9)2020.9111.76C amera B randM o del N umberH o rizo ntal A ngle(T ele t o W id e)Z o o m R ange(Opt./D i gi t a l /Tot a l )V a ddio PowerVIEW HD-30 2.2º to 65º 30X Optical V a ddioPowerVIEW HD-223.1º to 65.2º22X OpticalVaddioClearVIEW HD-20 - 1080 M odeClearVIEW HD-20 - 720p M ode2.9º to 55.2º1.93º to 36.8º20X OpticalV a ddio ClearVIEW HD-19 3.188º to 58.1º 19X Optical V a ddioClearVIEW HD-18 3.2º 55.2º 18X Optical V a ddio ClearVIEW HD-USB 3.2º to 58.1º 19X Optical V a ddio ZoomSHOT HD 3.2º to 58.1º19X Optical V a ddio WideSHOT HD *3.5mm~10.5mm Manual Lens Approx. 3X OpticalV a ddio CeilingVIEW HD-18 3.2º to 55.2º18X Optical V a ddioREVEAL HD-18 Series3.2º to 55.2º18X Optical*Enter the horizontal image size from the Wide End table above for image size using the wide angle lens.Image Size (feet)*Enter the distance to the subject (in feet) into the lilac shaded boxes (above and below) and hit enter for image size calculation.Image Size (feet)Tele END CalculatorWIDE END CalculatorHorizontal FOV(Tele End)Horizontal FOV(Wide End)Phone: 800-572-2011, M AIN 763-971-4400, FAX: 763-971-4464, Camera Reference Specifications:Lens C haracteristicsf=4.7 to 84.6mm, F1.6 to F2.8©2014 Vaddio - All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited.f=4.3 to 129.0mm, F1.6 to F4.7f=4.3 to 96.4mm, F1.6 to F4.7f=4.7mm to 94mm, F1.6 to F3.5f=4.7 to 84.6mm, F1.6 to F2.8f=4.5mm to 85.5mm, F1.6 to F2.9f=4.5mm to 85.5mm, F1.6 to F2.9f=4.5mm to 85.5mm, F1.6 to F2.9f=4.7 to 84.6mm, F1.6 to F2.8Specifications and pricing can change without prior notice and without obligation. *Aperature (D/f') = 1/1.4, 1/2.5" Format Manual focus, iris & varifocal zoom I MA GE S IZE C A LCULA TOR FOR V A DDIO PTZ C A MERA S I MAGE S IZE C ALCULATOR FOR V ADDIOR OBOTIC PTZ C AMERAS (R EV . 8.3)。
超特克 DSFP-TN0702 低门阈值增强模电子开关说明书
Supertex inc.TN0702YY = Year Sealed WW = Week Sealed= “Green” PackagingSiTN 0702 Y Y W W Features►Low threshold - 1.6V max. ►High input impedance►Low input capacitance - 130pF typical ►Fast switching speeds►Low on-resistance guaranteed at V GS = 2, 3, and 5V ►Free from secondary breakdown►Low input and output leakageApplications►Logic level interfaces – ideal for TTL and CMOS ►Solid state relays►Battery operated systems ►Photo voltaic drives ►Analog switches►General purpose line drivers►Telecom switchesGeneral DescriptionThis low threshold, enhancement-mode (normally-off) transistor utilizes a vertical DMOS structure and Supertex’s well-proven, silicon-gate manufacturing process. This combination produces a device with the power handling capabilities of bipolar transistors and the high input impedance and positive temperature coefficient inherent in MOS devices. Characteristic of all MOS structures, this device is free from thermal runaway and thermally-induced secondary breakdown.Supertex’s vertical DMOS FETs are ideally suited to a wide range of switching and amplifying applications where very low threshold voltage, high breakdown voltage, high input impedance, low input capacitance, and fast switching speeds are desired.N-Channel Enhancement-ModeVertical DMOS FETAbsolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied. Continuous operation of the device at the absolute rating level may affect device reliability. All voltages are referenced to device ground.TO-92GATESOURCEDRAINTO-92Product MarkingPin ConfigurationPackage may or may not include the following marks: Si or-G denotes a lead (Pb)-free / RoHS compliant package. Contact factory for Wafer / Die availablity.Devices in Wafer / Die form are lead (Pb)-free / RoHS compliant.O1. All D.C. parameters 100% tested at 25O C unless otherwise stated. (Pulse test: 300µs pulse, 2% duty cycle.)2. All A.C. parameters sample tested.Switching Waveforms and Test CircuitOUTPUTINPUTOUTPUT10VVDD0V0VNotes:† I D (continuous) is limited by max rated T j .Typical Performance CurvesOutput CharacteristicsSaturation Characteristics3V 2V4V 5V6VV GS = 8VI D (a m p e r e s )G F S (s i e m e n s )V DS (volts)I D (a m p e r e s )t P (seconds)Typical Performance Curves (cont.)B V D S S (n o r m a l i z e d )I D (a m p e r e s )R D S (O N ) (n o r m a l i z e d )C (p i c o f a r a d s )V DS (volts)Q G (nanocoulombs)Supertex inc. does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications, and will not knowingly sell them for use in such applications unless it receives an adequate “product liability indemnification insurance agreement.” Supertex inc. does not assume responsibility for use of devices described, and limits its liability to the replacement of the devices determined defective due to workmanship. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions and inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications refer to the Supertex inc. (website: http//)©2013 Supertex inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use or reproduction is prohibited.Supertex inc.(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to /packaging.html .)3-Lead TO-92 Package Outline (N3)JEDEC Registration TO-92.* This dimension is not specified in the JEDEC drawing.† This dimension differs from the JEDEC drawing.Drawings not to scale.Supertex Doc.#: DSPD-3TO92N3, Version E041009.。
NI Elvis二代系列拓展板教学实验指南说明书
OBJECTIVESStudents will learn about the various factors which influence breathing rate and lung volume by working and becoming familiar with Vernier’s spirometer. A challenge section at the end of this lab introduces basic LabVIEW programming techniques that allow students to understand how the code acquires and transforms the data into signals that can be analyzed.MATERIALS∙NI LabVIEW 8.5.1 or later∙NI Biomedical Startup Kit 3.0∙NI ELVIS II Series Benchtop Workstation∙NI ELVIS II Series Prototyping Board∙AC/DC power supply∙NI ELVISmx 4.0 or later CD∙High-speed USB 2.0 cable∙Computer∙Wires to build circuits∙Vernier Analog Proto Board Connector (Order code BTA-ELV)∙Vernier Spirometer (Order code SPR-BTA)THEORYThe spirometer uses a differential pressure transducer to measure air flow rate. In the center of the flow head is a mesh screen. When a subject blows into the flow head, a slight difference in pressure occurs between the front and the back surface of the screen as air is forced through. A tube in front of the screen and a tube behind the screen pass the pressures to the differential pressure transducer, which allows for direct measurement of airflow rate (L/s). Volume (L) can then be calculated from this data by integrating the flow rate as a function of time.The spirometer can be used to perform a variety of tests, including tests for forced expiratory volume (FEV), forced vital capacity (FVC), and tidal volume (TV). FEV is the volume of air exhaled after a short period of constant effort. FVC is the volume of air exhaled by a forced maximal exhalation after a full inhalation. TV is the volume of air inhaled and exhaled at rest. In this lab, students will perform each of these tests.(Summarized from the Spirometer User Guide; )BUILDING THE EXPERIMENT ON ELVIS II SERIESThe Vernier sensor attaches to NI ELVIS II Series through the Analog Proto Board Connector. The following steps and Figure 1 below illustrate how to connect the Analog Proto Board Connector to the NI ELVIS II Series Prototyping Board.Figure 1: Connecting the Analog Proto Board Connector to NI ELVIS II Series Connect the following pins to wire the connector:1)AI0+ to SIG1 of the Analog Proto Board Connector2)+5V DC power supply to 5V of the Analog Proto Board Connector3)GROUND power supply to GND of the Analog Proto Board Connector4)AIGND to GND of the Analog Proto Board ConnectorRUNNING THE EXPERIMENTTo set up the experiment on NI ELVIS II Series:1)Connect the USB cable from NI ELVIS II Series to your computer and plug the power supplyinto a power outlet.2)Turn the prototyping board power switch located on the rear panel to the on position (seeFigure 2).3)Turn the prototyping power supply switch located on the benchtop workstation to the onposition (see Figure 2).∙ A green power LED should now be lit, indicating that the full power supply is turned on.∙ A yellow USB ready LED should also be lit, indicating that the NI ELVIS II Series is properly connected to the USB host.4)Insert the spirometer into the Analog Proto Board Connector connected to AI 0+.Figure 2: NI ELVIS II Series Set-UpTo set up the experiment in LabVIEW:1)Open the LabVIEW program NI Air Flow and Lung Volume Lab.vi.2)If the front panel is not already displayed, go to “Window” and select “Show Front Panel”.∙The front panel is shown below in Figure 3.∙The Flow Rate vs. Time graph records the flow rate recorded by the spirometer over time in liters per second.∙The Volume vs. Time graph displays the volume of air inhaled/exhaled over time based on the integral of the Flow Rate vs. Time graph.∙The Maximum Exhale Rate and Maximum Inhale Rate indicators supply numerical outputs of the graphed data∙The Physical Channels dropdown menu allows you to choose the device and channel(s) from which to acquire data.∙The default experiment length is 15 seconds.∙The default sampling rate is 1000 samples per second.∙Switching the “Write to file?” Boolean s to ON allows you to save the flow rate data and/or volume data as separate .lvm files.∙The “STOP” button will terminate data collection at any point during the experiment.Figure 3: Air Flow and Lung Volume Front PanelDATA COLLECTIONThe spirometer can be used for both inhalation only and inhalation/exhalation experiments. The following bullets outline some helpful tips to remember when recording data.∙Ensure that the volunteer is breathing only through his or her mouth. A nose clip may be necessary.∙Hold the spirometer vertically and still during measurements.∙For best results, start the data collection on an exhale.∙For experiments in which students will only exhale through the spirometer, use a disposable cardboard mouthpiece. Attach the mouthpiece to the side of the flow headmarked “Inlet” (See figure 4).Figure 4: Spirometer with disposable mouthpiece () ∙For experiments in which students will inhale and exhale through the spirometer, use a disposable cardboard mouthpiece and a disposable bacterial filter. Attach the bacterial filter to the side of the flow head marked “Inlet” and attach the cardboard mouthpiece to thebacterial filter (See figure 5).Figure 5: Spirometer with disposable mouthpiece and bacterial filter ()Part 1: Measuring normal breathing pattern and tidal volumeIn the first part of this lab, you will measure your normal breathing pattern and tidal volume at rest with the LabVIEW program NI Air Flow and Lung Volume Lab.vi.Figure 6 below illustrates an example of a front panel for this experiment. This experiment requires the students to inhale and exhale through the spirometer. Therefore, the bacterial filter should be used.1)Choose the correct device and channel in the Physical Channels dropdown menu thatcorresponds to your NI ELVIS II Series.2)Verify that the experiment length is set to the default length of 15 seconds and the samplerate is set to 1000 samples per second.3)Press the run arrow in the upper left-hand corner of your screen to begin collecting data.4)Place your mouth over the mouthpiece and breathe in and out normally until themeasurement process stops.5)Record the maximum exhale rate, maximum inhale rate, maximum exhale volume, andmaximum inhale volume in Table 1.6)Take a screenshot of the front panel for future reference.7)Repeat steps 1-6 for each student.Part 2: Measuring breathing pattern and lung volume with deep breathingIn the second part of this lab, you will measure your air flow rate and lung volume when taking deep breaths. This experiment requires the students to inhale and exhale through the spirometer. Therefore, the bacterial filter should be used.1)Verify that the correct device and channel is still shown in the Physicals Channels dropdownmenu.2)Ensure that the experiment length is still set to 15 seconds and the sample rate is set to1000 samples per second.3)Press the run arrow in the upper left-hand corner of your screen to begin collecting data.4)Take the deepest breath that you can, place your mouth over the mouthpiece, and exhale allof the air out of your lungs. Continue this deep breathing until the measurement processstops.5)Record the maximum exhale rate, maximum inhale rate, maximum exhale volume, andmaximum inhale volume in Table 2.6)Take a screenshot of the front panel for future reference.7)Repeat steps 1-6 for each student.Part 3: Measuring breathing pattern and tidal volume after physical activityThe third part of this lab demonstrates the effect of physical activity on breathing patterns. This experiment requires the students to inhale and exhale through the spirometer. Therefore, the bacterial filter should be used.1)Verify that the correct device and channel is still shown in the Physicals Channels dropdownmenu.2)Ensure that the experiment length is still set to 15 seconds and the sample rate is set to1000 samples per second.3)Run in place for 3 minutes.4)Press the run arrow in the upper left-hand corner of your screen to begin collecting data.5)Place your mouth over the mouthpiece and breathe in and out normally until themeasurement process stops.6)Record the maximum exhale rate, maximum inhale rate, maximum exhale volume, andmaximum inhale volume in Table 3.7)Take a screenshot of the front panel for future reference.8)Repeat steps 1-7 for each student.DATA ANALYSISPart 1: Measuring normal breathing pattern and tidal volumeTable 1: Air flow rate and tidal volume with normal breathingPart 2: Measuring breathing pattern and lung volume with deep breathingTable 2: Air flow rate and volume with deep breathingPart 3: Measuring breathing pattern and tidal volume after physical activityTable 2: Air flow rate and volume after physical activity1)List some factors that could affect your tidal volume and total lung capacity.2)Compare the data recorded from each student and analyze the screenshots. Do you notice adifference in flow rate or volume based on gender? What about fitness level?3)Would a trained athlete have a comparatively lower or higher lung capacity? Why?4)Compare the data in Table 1 with that from Table 3. Did physical activity affect the air flowrate of your breaths? What about the volume of air inhaled/exhaled with each breath? How did the screenshots from Part 1 and Part 3 compare?5)Were the trends noted in the question above consistent for each member in your group?CHALLENGEThis section of the lab will introduce some of the basic concepts about the code used to produce this program. This is meant to give you a chance to explore LabVIEW code and to begin to understand how the program is structured.The front panel of the VI (see Figure 3) is referred to as the user interface and displays the data acquired by the signal. In this lab, the data is displayed on two waveform charts – one showing Flow Rate vs. Time and the other displaying Volume vs. Time. The properties of each chart can easily be altered to change the visual appearance of the plot area (see Figure 7):1)Select the Flow Rate vs. Time chart.2)Right click >> Properties.Figure 7: Changing Chart Properties3)On the properties pop-up menu, look through the tabs to see the different options available.Under the Plots tab, change the color of the plot. Explore the different options to represent the data.4)Is there a better way to represent the data you have collected? What about for the Volumechart?5)Select the chart again, right click, and move your mouse to show the Visible Items menu.Select the varying options to explore the different tools you can view that are connected to the chart. Would any of the options be useful in helping you to collect and record moreaccurate data? How so? Would the same options be appropriate for the Volume chart?6)Move your mouse over one of the “Write to file?” Booleans. Booleans are used when youwant the user to select between two options. Right click to show the different options. Select “Replace” and move your mouse over the Boolean palette to explore the different options for displaying your Boolean (see Figure 8). The palette displays different graphical options for representing your Boolean.Figure 8: Boolean OptionsThe above options show just a few ways you can modify the front panel to suit your particular application to make a clean, easy-to-follow user interface. Now, switch to the block diagram to display the code (Window>>Show Block Diagram). This code is responsible for taking the user input, acquiring the signal from ELVIS II Series, manipulating the data to display it in the desired output, and displaying the data.Figure 9: Signal Acquisition, Manipulation, and Display7)The DAQmx VIs (see Figure 9) automatically acquire the signals read in from spirometer.The DAQmx Read VI (icon with reading glasses) reads in the signal from the sensor andstores it into a channel. This data is output from the DAQmx Read VI in the thick orangewire. Following the data flow through the orange wire, the data is first calibrated and lead11Air Flow and Lung Volume to the Flow Rate vs. Time waveform chart. From there, it is lead to the Convert to LungVolume subVI and then outputs to the Volume vs. Time chart.HINT: Press Ctrl+H to show the Context Help pop-up box. As you move your mouse over the screen, information and properties about the different icons will appear in the Context Help box. This should help you determine the functions of the different parts on the blockdiagram.8) Using the Context Help tool, explore the properties of a Waveform Chart. What kind of datais accepted for a Waveform Chart? What type of chart results from each type of data?9) With the Context Help tool still activated, hold your mouse over the wire leading into theWaveform Chart. What type of data is “flowing through” this wire? Was this one of the data types you listed in the previous question? Did the charts from your experiments correspond to the expected resulting chart listed in the Context Help box?Figure 10: Calculating and Displaying BPM10) SubVIs are used as functions within LabVIEW to contain a fixed amount of code. They arerepresented in the block diagram as squares, or icons. Data of one form is passed into the subVI as an input, manipulated within the subVI, and then output. Double-clicking the subVI will open the front panel and block diagram of that VI in two separate windows. Using the Context Help tool, find the subVI used to calculate lung volume (Hint: refer to Figure 10). Using the Context Help window, what types of inputs and outputs are there?REFERENCESSpirometer User Guide. Vernier Software & Technology. Rev. 2/17/10. Accessed 7/28/11. .NI Educational Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Suite II Series (NI ELVIS II Series) User Manual. National Instruments. Austin, TX: National Instruments Corporation. 1/09. .。
比例阀放大板
壓力.控制閥用功率放大器
Power Amplifiers For Pressure Control Valves
參數
型號 閥
P-AC-220
壓力(P)
名稱
功 能 模 型 AC 電源輸入 輸出功率(最大) 負 載 阻 抗 最大輸出電流 响 应 速 度 控制信號輸入
交流輸入型
220VAC 24W 10歐 1.5 A
0.1s-5s
0～+10VDC 2.5A 0～65℃ 0.3mA/℃ －10～75℃ 500hz*可选
FUSE
環 境 溫 度 溫度漂移(最大) 儲 藏 溫 度 DITHER
P-AC-220（1/3）
圖例P-AC-220(2)
GND
P(vin)
UP
MAX
DELYA DOWN MIN
P
壓力電流表
P+
+
2、調整步驟：
（一）最小直調整（MIN）： 當控制訊號輸出爲0V時，調整至所需的電流值或壓力值 （順時針調整，輸出增加）。 （二）最大值調整（MAX）： 當控制訊號輸出爲10V時，調整至所需要的電流或壓力值 （順時針調整，輸出增加，可變電阻調整時，可調到12V) （三）上升斜率調整（UP）： 順時針調整，上升時間短，反應速度快。 逆時針調整，上升時間長，反應速度慢。 （四）下降斜率調整（DOWN） 順時針調整，下降時間短，反應速度快。 逆時針調整，下降時間長，反應速度慢。
P-AC-220(3/3)
DITHER
ASOL
壓力比例閥線圈
P-
(ACL) (ACN) (电源输入220VAC)
接線端1
壓力比例閥線圈
比壓閥 SOL
VRPA1VT5004液压伺服阀比例放大器
外部控制值电位计（具有 9 V 控制值输入 ）
26c 输入 (+ 9 V 100%)
16ac + 9 V
5K
组件系列 10 至 19 （10 至 19：技术数据
和连接分配不变）
购买用于机架安装的 VT 5003，VT 5004 或 VT 5010 类型放 大器时，必须单独订购 4TE/3HE 隔板。
材料编号：R900021004
功能说明
电源
施加工作电压后，内部 电源 [6] 会提供比 测量零位 (M0) 高 或低 9 V 的电压。这相当于负载零位 (L0) 电压升高 +9 V。 +9 V 和 –9 V（相对于 L0 的 –9 V）电压将供给接线端口 X1，从而可以在外部（例如，供控制值电位计）使用。最大 负载是 25 mA。
有关详细信息，请参阅“技术数据”
外部时间电位计
30c
32c 500K
注意
使用外部时间电位计时，必须将内部电位计的斜坡电位计设 置为其最大值（测量插口“t1”和“t2”处的电压约为 20 mV）。 外部电位计的电阻值（约为 500 kΩ）并联内部电位计电阻 时，最大斜坡时间会缩短。在这种情况下，无法分别调整 上，下斜坡的斜坡时间。
I最大
2.2 2.2 2.2
A A A
± ± ±
10% 10% 10%
/ / /
RRR(((222000)))
= = =
10 Ω (VT-VRPA1-100) 5.4 Ω (VT-VRPA1-150) 10 Ω (VT-VRPA1-151)
ADI运算放大器选型指南
2011–2012
和内设含计产公品式选插型页
/zh/opamps
/zh/opamps | 1
ADI公司为每种应用都准备了合适的放大器
为什么会有如此之多不同类型的运算放大器？ADI公司的工程师 坚持不懈地追寻令人捉摸不定的理想运算放大器，虽然我们离实 现它仅几步之遥，但遗憾的是，它仍然只存在于书本中。因此， 我们致力于提供类型广泛的运算放大器，来满足客户的众多不同 需求。
工作电源电压范围 放大器在额定范围内工作时，能够施加于放大器的电源电压范 围。许多应用的运算放大器电路采用平衡的双电源，但有些应用 出于节能或其它原因而使用单电源。例如，汽车和轮船设备中的 电池电源仅提供一个极性。甚至线路供电的设备，如计算机等， 也可能只有单极性电源，为系统提供+5 V或+12 V直流电源，或者 低至1.8 V，较新的应用使用的电压甚至更低。
• 自稳零运算放大器：<1 µV • 精密运算放大器：50 µV至500 µV • 最佳双极性运算放大器：10 µV至25 µV • 最佳JFET输入运算放大器：100 µV至1000 µV • 最佳双极性高速运算放大器：100 µV至2000 µV • 未调整的CMOS运算放大器：>2 mV • DigiTrim® CMOS运算放大器：<100 µV至1000 µV
精密放大器 (带宽 < 50 MHz)
电流反馈...................................................... . . . . . . . 36
零漂移... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....................................... ..... 10 高输出电流................................................... . . . . . . . 37
Atlona AT-PA100-G2 低抗性双通道 单通道音频放大器说明书
IntroductionThe Atlona AT-PA100-G2 is a compact power amplifier designed for low impedance applications. A mode selector switch allows the PA100-G2 to deliver two channels of 20 watts each into 4 ohms, or a single, bridged channelof 40 watts at 8 ohms. This Class D amplifier is energy efficient and convection cooled. The PA100-G2 features a balanced mic/line level audio input with selectable 48 volt phantom power, as well as unbalanced stereo audio input through RCA or 3.5 mm connections. It can deliver stereo or mono output, and provides mixing for the balanced and unbalanced audio inputs, each with independent gain and mute control. In addition to the amplified speaker output, a line level audio output allows the incoming audio to be fed into an additional amplifier or audio system.The PA100-G2 is controllable via RS-232, or through IR with the optional AT-PA1-IR-G2 remote control kit. Applications• Meeting rooms, huddle rooms, and classroomsThe PA100-G2 can receive audio from an AV switcher or DSP, and then feed the audio to program speakers.• Residential and light commercial installationsThis amplifier can receive the audio output from an HDBaseT or AV over IP endpoint, delivering audio tospeakers in a room or any other designated listening zone.1 A T-P A100-G2Key Features• Selectable stereo, dual mono, and bridged output modes.• 2 x 20 watts @ 4 ohms (stereo or dual L+R mono).• 1 x 40 watts @ 8 ohms (bridged L+R mono).• Balanced mic/line level input with selectable 48 phantom power.• Unbalanced stereo line level input available through RCA or 3.5 mm connectors.• Microphone and line level audio mixing.• Unbalanced line level output for pass-through to an additional amplifier or audio system.• Class D efficient amplifier design.• Convection cooled – no need for fans.• Automatic standby mode to minimize power consumption.• Bass and treble tone controls.• Independent gain and mute control for balanced and unbalanced inputs.• RS-232 and IR control of volume level, muting, input selection, and tone controls.• IR control available with optional AT-PA1-IR-G2 remote control kit.• Top panel button controls for input selection, mute, mic and line volume, and tone controls.• Front panel signal status LEDs for input selection, mute, and user controls.• Compact, surface-mountable enclosure.• Includes user manual and external universal power supply.• Award-winning 10 year limited product warranty.2Specifications3 A T-P A100-G2 • 408.962.0515 • 877.536.3976AccessoriesCopyright, T rademark, and Registration© 2021 Atlona Inc. All rights reserved. “Atlona” and the Atlona logo are registered trademarks of Atlona Inc. Pricing, specifications and availability subject to change without notice. Actual products, product images, and online product images may vary from images shown here.All other trademark(s), copyright(s), and registered technologies mentioned in this document are the properties of their respective owner(s).20215-R25。
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Bosch Rexroth AG ，RC 30110，版本：2013-04目录特点 1订货代码 2功能2电路图/插脚分配，选件 T1 4电路图/插脚分配，选件 T5 5技术数据 6特性曲线7显示/调节元件，选件 T1 8显示/调节元件，选件 T5 9尺寸11项目规划/维护说明/附加信息11特点▶差分输入（±10 V）▶ 4 个可调用控制值输入（±10 V） ▶电流输入（4 … 20 mA）▶通过 24 V 输入或跳线改变内部控制值信号极性▶通过相位识别（24 V 输入）或斜坡时间调用（24 V 输入）选择斜坡时间（选件 T5） ▶通过跳线选择斜坡时间范围▶通过可分别调节的阶跃电平和最大值进行特性曲线校正 ▶选通输入 ▶"斜坡开/关"输入 ▶"准备就绪"输出信号▶可通断的测量插口（选项 T5） ▶电源反向极性保护▶电源带直流/直流转换器， 不改变零电位H7299用于比例方向阀和比例压力阀的阀放大器▶组件系列 2X ▶模拟，欧洲板卡格式 ▶适用于控制比例方向阀：– 4WRA 6…-2X，4WRA 10…-2X，– 4WRZ…-7X，以及比例压力阀：– 3DREP 6..2XRC 30110版本：2013-04替代对象：05.12型号 VT-VSPA2-1注意事项：使用 VT-VSPA2-1-2X 放大器板卡作为 VT 3000-3X，VT 3006-3X，VT 3013-3X，VT 3014-3X，VT 3017-3X，VT 3018-3X，VT 3026-3X，VT-VSPA2-1-1X/… 或VT-VSPA2-50-1X/… 的替代品时，确保遵守符合 30110-Z 附加信息的配置和设置信息。
2/12VT-VSPA2-1 | 阀放大器Bosch Rexroth AG ，RC 30110，版本：2013-04订货代码01用于比例方向阀和比例压力阀的阀放大器，模拟，欧洲板卡格式VT-VSPA202用于控制比例方向阀 4WRA 6…-2X，4WRA 10…-2X 和 4WRZ…-7X 以及比例压力阀 3DREP 6..2X 103组件系列 20 至 29（20 至 29：技术数据和插脚分配不变）2X 04型号：标准V005选项：对于一个斜坡时间T1选项：对于五个斜坡时间T506明文形式的更多详细信息*010203040506VT-VSPA2–1–2X /V0//*功能开放式板卡插槽 VT 3002-1-2X/48F（请参阅样本 29928）附件供电设备 [1]放大器板卡随附了带接通电流限制器的供电设备。
此设备提供了所有内部所需的正和负电源电压。
控制值规格通过差分输入 [2] 和电流输入 [3]，启用信号 [4] 及零位偏移 [5]（调零电位计 "Zw"）中可用的外部控制值信号之和（总和 [6]），计算内部控制值信号。
下列内容适用：标准值电流输入差分输入控制值测量插口流动方向–100 % 4 mA –10 V –10 V P 至 B，A 至 T0 %12 mA 0 V 0 V 100 %20 mA 10 V10 V P 至 A，B 至 T 0 %< 1 mA 1）0 V1）如果电流输入未连接或在电流控制值的电缆断连情况下，产生的内部控制值信号将为 0 %。
电流和电压输入之间不进行切换。
输入始终可用（请参阅电路图）。
控制值启用 [4]可以选择四个控制值信号 "w1" 至 "w4"。
外部控制值电压（控制值 1 至 4）直接通过 +10 V 和 –10 V 调节电压输出或通过外部电位计进行定义。
如果这些控制值输入直接连接至调节电压，则使用电位计 "w1" 至 "w4" 设置控制值。
使用外部电位计时，内部电位计将用作衰减器或限制器。
在同一时刻，只能操作一个启用。
如果同时操作了几个启用，启用 "1" 优先权最低，启用 "4" 优先权最高。
各个处于活动状态的启用通过面板上的黄色 LED 指示。
控制值极性变化 [7]通过输入信号在内部产生的控制值，控制值启用和零电位偏移信号可通过外部信号或跳线 J1 改变极性。
极性变化情况通过面板上的 LED（"–1"）进行指示。
阀放大器 | VT-VSPA2-1 3/12RC 30110，版本：2013-04，Bosch Rexroth AG启用功能 [8]启用功能可启用功率输出级并将内部控制值信号前馈到斜坡发生器。
使能信号通过面板上的 LED 进行指示。
如果连接启用，则内部控制值（无论哪类控制值规格）会按所设置的斜坡时间发生变化。
这样，受控阀不会突然打开。
斜坡发生器 [9]斜坡发生器限制控制输出上升。
下游阶跃函数和振幅衰减器不会延长或缩短斜坡时间。
使用"斜坡开/关"信号或跳线 J2 将斜坡时间设置为最小值（< 2 ms） （斜坡关闭）。
外部斜坡时间设置：可使用外部电位计延长内部设置的斜坡时间。
此设置可通过测量插口进行验证。
如果电缆断连，则内部默认设置将自动有效。
设置和测量斜坡时间的注意事项：测量插口 "t"（T1）/ "v"（T5）处的值U t / V 532当前斜坡时间（±20 %）t / ms203350U t / V 10.50.30.20.10.050.030.02t / ms1002003335001000200033335000可通过闭合跳线 J3 使上述斜坡时间增加十倍。
特性曲线发生器 [10]使用可调节特性曲线发生器，正信号和负信号的阶跃电平和最大值可以根据液压要求单独设置。
穿过零电位的特性曲线的实际发展不是阶跃式的，而是线性的。
限幅器 [11]内部控制值被限制在约公称范围的 ±110 %。
时钟发生器 [13]时钟发生器会产生输出级的时钟频率。
可使用跳线将时钟信号转换成三个基本频率范围。
功率输出级 [16]功率输出级产生比例阀的定时线圈电流。
线圈电流被限制在每输出 2.5 A。
输出级输出具有防短路功能。
出现内部故障信号或未启用时，输出级将被断电。
故障识别 [17]监控输出级是否存在过电流。
[ ] = 对第 4 和 5 页上电路图的赋值4/12VT-VSPA2-1 | 阀放大器Bosch Rexroth AG ，RC 30110，版本：2013-04电路图/插脚分配，选件 T1控制值 4控制值 3控制值 2控制值 1外部斜坡时间控制值 5 ±10 V控制值 64…20 m A控制值选择 1 至 4极性变化启用工作电压斜坡开/关1 供电设备2 差分输入3 电流输入4 控制值选择逻辑5 零电位设置7控制值极性变化8启用功能9 斜坡函数发生器10 特性曲线发生器12 控制值输出13 时钟发生器14 实际电流值输出15 电流控制器16 功率输出级17 故障识别o k 1 输出级启用信号o k 2 板卡监控阀放大器 | VT-VSPA2-15/12RC 30110，版本：2013-04，Bosch Rexroth AG电路图/插脚分配，选件 T5控控控控外部斜坡控制±1控制4…20 控制值选择 1 极工作电压斜斜坡选择 1 4 相1供电设2 差分输3 电流输4 控制值选择逻辑5 零电位设置6 控制值总和10 特性曲线发生器11 限幅器12 控制值输出16 功率输出级17 故障识别18 测量点切换19 斜坡时间选择逻辑o k 1 输出级启用信号o k 2 板卡监控6/12VT-VSPA2-1 | 阀放大器Bosch Rexroth AG ，RC 30110，版本：2013-04技术数据（有关这些参数之外的应用，请务必向我们咨询！）工作电压U B 24 VDC + 40 % – 20 %工作范围：上限值U B （t）最大35 V 下限值U B （t）最小18 V功耗P S < 50 VA 电流消耗I < 2 A保险丝I S 2 A 中间时间延迟，可替换输入，模拟控制值 1 至 4（电位计输入）U e 0 … ±10 V，R e > 100 kΩ（M0 为基准）控制值 5（差分输入）U e 0 … ±10 V，R e > 50 kΩ控制值 6（电流输入）I e 4 … 20 mA，负载 R B = 100 Ω外部斜坡时间U e 0 … +10 V，R e = 10 kΩ（内部增加至 +15 V；M0 为基准）输入，数字控制值启用，控制值极性变化，启用，斜坡开/关，斜坡选择（选件 T5），4 相位操作（选件 T5）U U 8.5 V … U B –> ON，R e > 100 kΩ0 … 6.5 V –> OFF，R e > 100 kΩ设置范围零点调节（电位计 "Zw"）±30 %控制值（电位计 "w1" 至 "w4"）0 … 110 %斜坡时间（电位计 "t1" 至 "t5"）20 ms … 5 s，可通断时为 0.2 … 50 s 阶跃电平（电位计 "S+" 和 "S–"）0 … 50 %振幅衰减器（电位计 "G+" 和 "G–"）0 ... 110 %（适用于 0 % 的阶跃电平设置）输出内部控制值U ±10 V ± 2 %，I 最大 = 2 mA实际电流值U ±2.5 V ± 2 %，I 最大 = 2 mA（mV ≙ mA）测量信号（选件 5）U ±10 V ± 2 %，I 最大 = 2 mA准备就绪U > 16 V，50 mA（发生故障时：U < 1 V，R i = 10 kΩ）调节电压U ±10 V ± 2 %，25 mA，防短路功率输出级I 0 … 2.5 A，防短路测量插口控制值 "w"±10 V ± 2 %，I 最大 = 2 mA实际电流值信号 "I"±2.5 V ± 2 %，I 最大 = 2 mA（mV ≙ mA）斜坡时间 "t"请参阅第 3 页的说明插口 "v"（选件 T5）请参阅第 3 页的说明和第 10 页上的表格时钟频率WRA6…2X f 300 … 370 Hz（U B = 24 V 并且 U 控制 = 0 V: 370 Hz 时）WRA10…2X f 180 … 410 Hz（U B = 24 V 并且 U 控制 = 0 V: 410 Hz 时）WRZ…7X f 170 Hz 3DREP 6…2X f 170 Hz连接类型48 针多点插头，DIN 41612，设计 F 板卡尺寸欧洲板卡 100 x 160 mm，DIN 41494允许的工作温度范围ϑ0 … 50 °C 存储温度范围ϑ–25 °C … +85 °C 重量m 0.17 kg（净重）注意事项：有关在 EMC（电磁兼容性），气候和机械负载领域中进行的环境模拟测试的信息，请参阅样本 30110-U。