高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
高考英语一轮语法讲义：定语从句
高考英语一轮语法讲义：定语从句精讲什么是定语？■ ■■■只要听到…的+名词，….的就是修饰这个名词的定语成分The innocent /naive nightingale died.The nightingale (brave and innocent) died.4.非谓语动词作定语The singing nightingale lost his life.5.从句作定语定语的位置——“前小后大”当一个单词修饰名词时，通常放在名词前；当多个单词修饰名词时, 通常放在名词后。
o这是一个关于夜莺和玫瑰的故事。
This is a fiction about a nightingale and a rose：.o那个懂爱的年轻人离开了王子的舞会。
The youngster grasping romance left the party of the prince.o被拒绝的那个男生看上去很可怜。
The boy rejected looks pitiful.当过去分词修饰名词时，即使只有一个单词，也通常放在名词后。
o我有重要的事要告诉你。
I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰不定代词时，即使只有一个单词，也通常放在名词后。
谁决定引导词的用法？o I will never forget the day when I met you.因为从句不缺主谓宾，that在定语从句中扮演代词的成分，代词只能作主或宾语，when为副词，所以不可以二o I will never forget the day that we spent.缺宾语所以填that思考以下句子中的引导词为什么这么用？o You had better have some reason why you are left.o You had better have some reason that sounds perfect.1.看先行词，确定范围（3选1）.引导词在从句中能够充当的成分优点：缩小选择范围缺点：依旧得不到正确答案定语从句引导词的分类新标准引导词还可以按照引导词本身的词性分类，一共把引导词分成三类：L代词（在从句中一定要充当主语或宾语的成分）：who, whom, that, which.副词（在从句中不能充当任何主干成分）:where, when, why2.形容词（在从句中修饰离它最近的那个名词）：whose练习①夜莺用生命换来的玫瑰被扔掉了。
高三英语 定语从句 知识精讲
高三英语定语从句知识精讲定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
An architect is someone who designs buildings.Barbara worked for a company that makes washing machines.The woman whom I wanted to see was away on holiday.The last time I saw her, she looked very well.The reason I’ m phoning you is to invite you to a party.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The woman who lives next door is a doctor.My brother Jim, who lives in London, is a doctor.We stayed at the hotel 〔that〕Ann recommended to us.We stayed at the Grand Hotel, which Ann recommended to us.I. 先行词：在定语从句中被修饰的词叫先行词。
II. 关系词：用来引导定语从句的词有关系代词和关系副词，放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又做定语从句的一个语法局部。
关系代词：that,which , who , whom , whose关系副词：when , where , why〔一〕关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose1. that：既可以指物，也可以指人，在从句中做主语或宾语．A plane is a machine that can fly．〔主语〕The car which I hired broke down．〔宾语〕Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?〔主语〕2. which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语．A chemist's shop is a shop which sells medicine．〔主语〕These are the books which you ordered．〔宾语〕3. who，whom，指人，在从句中分别做主语和宾语，The man who robbed him has been arrested．〔主语〕The girl whom I saw told me to come back today．〔宾语〕4. whose用来做定语从句中的主语或宾语的定语。
2025高考英语一轮复习语法专题：专题四 第1讲 定语从句
4.引导非限制性定语从句时as与which的区别
关系词
位置不同
表意不同
既可以放在主句前，也 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动
as 可以放在主句后，有时 词多用see，know，expect，say，
还可插入主句中
mention，report等
which 通常放在主句之后
意为“这一点”或“这件事”等
As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake. 正如每个人所看到的一样，这头大象像一条蛇。 The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。 She married again，which was unexpected. 她再婚了，这是始料未及的。
2.that和which引导的定语从句 that代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物，但是which代替的先行词只能是 物。使用这两个关系词要注意以下两点： (1)6种只用that引导定语从句的情况。 ①先行 词是 all ，everything ，anything ，nothing ，something ，little ， much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 ②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时。 ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词 最高级时。 ④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时。
5.定语从句中的主谓一致 (1)关系代词作从句的主语时，从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保 持一致；先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用单数。 The recorder that has been given to me is homemade.给我的那台录音机 是国产的。
高考英语语法复习定语从句讲义
定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
2.位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands，please.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-和no-与-body，-thing的合成词；或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等关系副词：when，where，why等5.确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.6.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
高考高中英语核心语法详解 定语从句
高考高中英语核心语法详解定语从句关系从句//定语从句一、基础知识1. 由来：两个句子之间要有一个重复元素产生关联。
重复点上改写为关系词，由此产生关系从句。
这个重复点在主要从句中称为先行词（antecedent）。
在关系从句中称为关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
结构一般比较固定：先行词+关系词+从句例：The boss lives opposite my house. 那位老板住在我家对面。
He is very rich. 他很富有。
说明：the boss 和he 为重复点；下面保留boss，把he改写为who，组成一句话：The boss who lives opposite my house is very rich. 住在我家对面的那位老板很富有。
boss称为为先行词；who为关系引导词；who引导的句子称为关系从句或定语从句。
2.内涵:忌重复原则决定，目的让句子更紧凑；尾重原则，决定重点信息后置。
3.先行词：被关系从句所修饰的词The tall man who is standing over there is my uncle. 正站在那儿的高个子男士是我叔叔。
man为先行词。
4. 关系词：让两个句子产生关联；具有双重角色；（1）角色一：代替前面的先行词；（2）角色二：起到连接作用，并在其引导的句子中承担相应语法成分；例：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。
that代替前面的先行词book; that同时是其引导句子中bought的宾语。
5. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区分口诀: 有无逗号；限定不限定；展开不展开；a. 限制性: 从句紧跟先行词，两者之间无逗号，并且句意特别指定先行词，并不展开。
b.非限制性：先行词与从句中间用逗号隔开;句意非特指不限定，从句继续展开。
例：限制性There is a tribe of busy little people who live in the Frozen Zone.一个忙碌的小人部落住在冰冻区。
高考英语语法复习之限制性定语从句和非限制性定语讲义
高中英语语法复习之限制性定语从句和非限制性定语定义和用法在英语语法中，定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分，通常分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句是英语语法中两个重要的概念。
限制性定语从句是指用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句，这个从句在句子中充当定语的作用，对名词或代词起限定、说明的作用。
与之相反，非限制性定语从句通常用来进一步说明被修饰的名词或代词，起到补充说明的作用，它不能充当主语、宾语等成分，并且通常可以被省略。
限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom、whose等引导词引导，也可以由as、when、where、why等引导词引导。
限制性定语从句通常与主句之间需要用逗号隔开，而且通常放在主句之后。
例如:The book, which I read last week, is really interesting.(限制性定语从句)The man, who is a doctor, can help you.(限制性定语从句)非限制性定语从句则没有这些限制，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，并且通常可以被省略。
非限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom、whose等引导词引导，也可以用as、when、where、why等引导词引导。
例如:The book, that I read last week, is really interesting.(非限制性定语从句)The man, who is a doctor, can help you.(非限制性定语从句)需要注意的是，非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句在句子中的作用不同，因此需要根据具体情况来选择合适的定语从句类型。
限制性定语从句是先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，对先行词起修饰和限制作用，二者缺一不可。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念。
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
2023届高考英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析讲义
2023年高中英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析两组易混关系代词的用法与辨析一、that与which两者都可指物，常可互换，其区别是:(1)引导非限制性定语从句或直接放在介词后作宾语时，要用which。
如:Peter drove too fast.which was dangerous.彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。
(2)当先行词为不定代词或被其修饰、受the very, the only,the same 等修饰、受形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next)等修饰、关系代词在定语从句中用作表语或先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that。
如:All that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必须做。
This is the only book (that) I find useful.这是我发现的惟一有用的书。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
China is not the country(that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。
2.as与which(1)引导限制性定语从句时，在 such.as，the same 后只能用 as，其他情况用 which。
如:He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。
He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford.他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换，但若位干主句之前，则只能用as。
如:I live along way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。
高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时，引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时， 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)
试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句，as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容，which译为“这”， as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词：who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句，从句式上看，有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词， 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。例如： I had told them the reason，for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.
高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)
高考英语定语从句知识精讲一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）；who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）；whom 指人在从句中作宾语（作宾语时可以省略）；whose 指人或物在从句中作定语；as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语；注意：指物时，whose+名词 = the+名词+of which 或 of which + the +名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as; the same…as;注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高考英语定语从句高频考点精讲
高考英语定语从句高频考点精讲定语从句的构成先行词+引导词+从句如何选择引导词：根据先行词在从句中所担任的成分来选择引导词。
考点一、定语从句的基本句式考点二、限制性和非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
1. 逗号的使用2. That的使用.3. 做宾语指人who/whom4. 先行词所指的对象5. 引导词做宾语省/不省6. 翻译考点三、只用that 与不用which的情况（一）只用that的情况（1）先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时或由不定代词修饰时。
（2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
（3）先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。
（4）先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。
Eg：He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.I'm unwilling to say goodbye to everyone and everything I am familiar.（5）先行词为数词时。
Eg：Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.（6）如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，第二个定语从句用that。
Eg：①They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.②他们爬到山顶，山顶上有一个追溯于明朝的寺院（7）以which作主语开头的特殊问句中的定语从句用that。
Eg：Which is the bus that you will take?（8）先行词在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导。
高考英语语法专题复习讲义定语从句
高考英语语法专题复习经典讲义定语从句定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
2而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, ever ything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
高考英语复习 语法专题精讲精练 定语从句
高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练定语从句（含练习习题及解析）一、that与which,who, whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句①先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时②先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时只用that的情况③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时④先行词既指人又指物时⑤先行词被the only,the very修饰时①He told me everything that he knows.②All the books that you offered has been given out.③This is the best film that I have ever read.④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.⑤He is the only man that I want to see.⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重⑥Who is the man that is making a speech?复时①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代①He has a son,who has gone abroad for只用which, who,whom的情况只用that，in which或不用关系词的情况物，用who/whom指人②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those, one,he时多用who。
the way做先行词时further study.②I like the person to whom the teacher istalking.③Those who respect others are usuallyrespected by others.①Mary,there is one way that you couldstop others talking about you andcriticizing you.②I was struck by the beauty of the way inwhich she stood.③What surprised me was not what he saidbut_______he said it.A. the wayB.in the way thatC.in the wayD.the way which二、as与which,that的用法区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中非限制性He is not such a fool as he looks.名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代Don’t read such books as you can’t 词用as,不能用whichunderstand.as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。
高中语法定语从句学习讲义
高中英语定语从句学习讲义（一）识别和划出定语从句1.识别定语a clever/handsome boy the boiling water fallen leavesthe book on the desk the man standing over there stories in the Long March2.识别定语从句定语从句的定义：___________作定语, 用于修饰或限定整个主句或主句中的_______或______。
特点: 去掉从句之后, 剩余句子___________。
定语从句中的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词【答案】整个从句；名词；代词；完整e.g.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. （2020全国卷1）先行词：____________________________称为先行词。
上句中______________即为先行词。
关系词：重复______________指代，起连接______________的作用并且在定语从句中充当______________的连词。
上句中的______________即为关系词。
【答案】被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象；ones；先行词；主句和从句；一定成分；that3. 划分定语从句起点：定语从句始于：关系词；介词+关系代词终点：定语从句截止于：______________；特殊符号；句末【答案】第二个谓语动词前【过关检测】划出定语从句1.【★★★】The village lay near some wetlands which became his second home. （2020新高考全国I卷）【答案】which became his second home.2.【★★★】The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not.（2020全国卷2）【答案】who played with puzzles；who did not.3.【★★★】At all points in time, teachers regarded the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills.（2017 济南一中）【答案】who reported the lowest frequency of dating4.【★★★】Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation （突变）that helps them digest milk as adults. （2020全国卷3）【答案】that helps them digest milk as adult5.【★★★】In 2002, Mandela became a public supporter of AIDS knowledge and treatment programs in a culture where the disease had made people feel ashamed.（2018 省实验）【答案】where the disease had made people feel ashamed6·But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.（2020山东）【答案】which increased her weight to 180 pounds.7·The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. （2020全国卷1）【答案】that open further as time8·Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.（2020全国卷2）【答案】who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later9·Johnny also got me thinking about the smaller room that was now my home office.（2018 济南期末）【答案】that was now my home office.10.·We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.（2020全国卷3）【答案】that occurred billions of years ago.11.【★★★】And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions （份）. （2020新高考全国I卷）【答案】that says you should avoid eating with heavier people; who order large portions （份）12.【★★★】People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. （2020新高考全国I卷）【答案】who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable.（二）定语从句分类: 限定性定语从句VS 非限定性定语从句区别：1.形式上：有无_________；2.意义上：限定性定语从句起_________的作用；非限定性定语从句起_________的作用。
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高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).
定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句
Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：
This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.
Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：
This is the man whom I talked about the other day.
Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语
Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.
This is the book which I like best.
上述例句都可改用that.
Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.
When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.
This was the room where we studied.
Do you know the reason why he was late?
2.非限定性定语从句：
非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.
She was late again, which was annoying.
区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
He has a sister, who is an artist.
他有个妹妹，是个艺术家。
（只有一个）
He has a sister who is an artist.
他有个当艺术家的妹妹。
（还有别的）
在such…as…, the same…as…的固定搭配中，such作定语，修饰后面的名词，as是个关系代词，代前面的名词，引出定语从句，并担任从句中的句子成分。
We will give you such data as will help you in your work.
I would like to use the same instrument as was used yesterday.
as也可以用作关系副词，代替前面的状语，并作从句的状语。
He answered with the same simplicity as she asked.
在as many …as的固定搭配中，第一个as是副词，修饰many，第二个as是关系代词，引导定语从句，并作从句的主语或宾语。
There are as many books as are needed.
所需要的书都有了.
He has as many books as I have.
他的书和我的一样多。
As everyone knows, all that glisters is not gold.
上句中as everyone knows 在意义上是个状语，但在句子结构上却是个非限定性定语从句。
As是关系代词，指代整个主句，引导定语从句，并作knows的宾语。
As is often the case, we have over fulfilled the production plan.
和往常一样，我们又超额完成了生产计划。
（as作从句的主语）
非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。
用that的场合
1) 当先行词既包括人又包括物时
He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.
2) 先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no 修饰
These are the very points that interest me.
(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰
The first step that we are to take is very difficult.
(4) 先行词是指物的不定代词all, little, few, much,及everything, anything, nothing There is still much that can be done about it
(5) 先行词是who
Who that have seen him does not like him?
不用that的场合
1）非限制性定语从句中
Last night , I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March .
2）介词放在关系代词之前
This is the man from whom I learnt the news.
3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that
I have found that which I was looking for.
“介词＋关系代词”用法
(1) 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配：
Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands (shake hands with…是习惯性搭配(2) 介词和先行词的搭配
He built a telescope through which he could study the skies. (through which 即through the telescope)
(3) 当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时固定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。
This is the watch which you're looking for
特殊情况
(1) Situation后常用where, in which引导定语
从句
Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?
(2) way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略Do you know the way (in which /that /how) he worked out the problem?
(3) “the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。
I have the same dictionary as you (have).
Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.。