考研英语阅读新题型
2023考研英语一新题型部分试题答案
2023考研英语一新题型部分试题答案2023考研英语一新题型部分试题答案：Section II Reading ComprehensionPart APart B【答案】41. [B] Two centuries ago, the idea of preserving nature, rather than exploiting it, was a novel one to many U.S. settlers. One of the turning points in public support for land conservation efforts—and recognizing the magnificence of the Yellowstone region in particular—came in the form of vivid photographs.42. [F] Though Native Americans (and later miners and fur trappers) had long recognized the area’s riches, most Americans did not. That’s why Hayden’s expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the Yellowstone River region, from its hot springs and waterfalls to its variety of flora and fauna. In addition to the entourage of scientists, the team also included artists: Painter Thomas Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.43. [D] Through the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate siz es using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment—several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp.44. [C] As an effective Washington operator, Hayden sensed that he could capitalize on the expedition’s stunning visuals. He asked Jackson to print out large copies and distributed them, along with reproductions of Moran’s paintings, to each member of Congress. “The visualization, particularly those photographs, really hit home that this is something that has to be protected,” says Murphy.45. [G] The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor. In quick succession, the Senate and House passed legislation protecting Yellowstone in early 1872. That March, President Ulysses S. Grant signed an act into law that established Yellowstone as the world’s first national park. While some locals opposed to the designation, the decision was largely accepted—and Jackson’s photos played a key role in the fight to protect the area. “I don’t believe that the legal p rotection would have happened in the timeframe that it did without those images.” says Heather Hansen, journalist and author of Prophets and Moguls, Rangers and Rogues, Bison and Bears: 100 Years of the National Park Service.Section II Reading ComprehensionPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-H and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A, E and H have been correctly placed. Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Last year marks the 150th anniversary of a series of Yellowstone photographs by the renowned landscape photographer William Henry Jackson. He captured the first-ever shots of iconic landmarks such as the Tetons, Old Faithful and the Colorado Rockies, on a late 19th-century expedition through the Yellowstone Basin that was conducted by the head of the U.S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, Ferdinand V. Hayden. The team included a meteorologist, a zoologist, a mineralogist, and an agricultural statistician.[B] Two centuries ago, the idea of preserving nature, rather than exploiting it, was a novel one to many U.S.settlers. One of the turning points in public support for land conservation efforts—and recognizing the magnificence of the Yellowstone region in particular—came in the form of vivid photographs.[C] As an effective Washington operator, Hayden sensed that he could capitalize on the expedition’s stunning visuals. He asked Jackson to print out large copies and distributed them, along with reproductions of Moran’s paintings, to each member of Congress. “The visualization, particularly those photographs, really hit home that this is something that ha s to be protected,” says Murphy.[D] Through the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the “collodion process” that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture, then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment—several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp.[E] The journey officially began in Ogden, Utah, on June 8, 1871. Over nearly four months, dozens of men made their way on horseback into Montana and traversed along the Yellowstone River and around Yellowstone Lake. That fall, they concluded the survey in Fort Bridger, Wyoming.[F] Though Native Americans (and later miners and fur trappers) had long recognized the area’s riches, most Americans di d not. That’s why Hayden’s expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the Yellowstone River region, from its hot springs and waterfalls to its variety of flora and fauna. In addition to the entourage of scientists, the team also included artists: Painter Thomas Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.[G] The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor. In quick succession, the Senate and House passed legislation protecting Yellowstone in early 1872. That March, President Ulysses S. Grant signed an act into law that established Yellowstone as the world’s first national park. While some locals opposed to the designation, the decision was largely accepted—and Jackson’s photos played a key role in the fight to protect the area. “I don’t believe that the legal protection would have happened in the timeframe that it did without those images.” says Heather Hansen, journ alist and author of Prophets and Moguls, Rangers and Rogues, Bison and Bears: 100 Years of the National Park Service.[H] Perhaps most importantly, the images provided documentary evidence of the park’s sights that later made its way to government official s. Weeks after completing the expedition, Hayden collected his team’s observations into an extensive report aimed at convincing senators and representatives, along with colleagues at government agencies like the Department of Interior, that Yellowstone ought to be preserved.。
考研英语真题新题型试卷
考研英语真题新题型试卷一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）Passage 1In recent years, the trend of remote working has gained significant momentum. Companies are increasingly recognizing the benefits of allowing employees to work from home or other remote locations. This shift has been driven by advances in technology which enable seamless communication and collaboration, regardless of geographical distance.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. Why has the trend of remote working become more popular?3. What role does technology play in the trend mentioned?4. What is the potential impact of remote working on companies?5. What can be inferred about the future of work from the passage?Passage 2[文章内容略]二、新题型：信息匹配（共5题，每题2分，共10分）根据所给的文本信息，将下列问题与正确的答案匹配。
1. What is the primary function of the new software developed by XYZ Company?2. When was the international conference on environmental protection held?3. Who is the author of the book "Sustainable Futures"?4. What was the main topic of the keynote speech at the conference?5. What is the significance of the new policy implemented by the government?三、翻译（英译汉，共10分）Translate the following paragraph into Chinese:"The rapid development of artificial intelligence has brought about profound changes in various sectors. From healthcare to education, AI is transforming the way we live and work. However, this advancement also poses challenges such as job displacement and ethical concerns."四、写作（共30分）Write an essay of about 200 words on the following topic:"The Impact of Social Media on Modern Society"Your essay should include:- Your opinion on the influence of social media- Examples to support your view- A conclusion summarizing your thoughts注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际的考研英语真题新题型试卷会包含具体的阅读材料、信息匹配选项、翻译段落和写作指导。
考研英语一新题型做题技巧
考研英语一新题型做题技巧
考研英语一的新题型一般涉及到阅读理解和翻译两个部分，以下是针对这两个部分的做题技巧：
1. 阅读理解部分：
- 阅读题型多样化：阅读理解题目一般包括主旨题、细节题、推理题等，针对不同类型的题目可以采用相应的解题方法，例如对于推理题可以采取逻辑推理的方式解答。
- 理解文章结构：在阅读文章时，可以注意文章的结构，例如段落之间的连接词、词组和句子，从而推测文章的逻辑关系和主旨，有助于提高阅读理解的准确性。
2. 翻译部分：
- 理解句子结构和语法：在翻译长难句时，可以先分析句子的结构和语法关系，找出主谓宾等关键成分，有助于理解句子的含义和准确翻译。
- 掌握词汇和短语：翻译时需要对英文和中文的词汇和短语有深入理解和掌握，可以通过积累和记忆常用词汇和短语，提高翻译的准确性和速度。
其他注意事项：
- 增加阅读量：通过平时多读英文原版书籍、新闻、文章等，有助于提高英语阅读理解和翻译的能力。
- 训练做题速度：考研英语一的时间较为紧张，可以通过做题训练提高解题速度，并注意控制好时间分配，以便顺利完成试卷。
考研英语新题型练习题
考研英语新题型练习题考研英语新题型练习题随着考研英语考试的改革，新题型的出现给考生带来了新的挑战。
为了更好地应对考试，我们需要进行针对性的练习。
下面是一些典型的新题型练习题，希望能够帮助考生熟悉和掌握这些题型。
综合阅读1. 阅读下面的短文，并回答问题：A recent study conducted by researchers at a leading university in China has found that the use of social media can have a negative impact on mental health. The study surveyed over 1,000 college students and found that those who spent more time on social media platforms reported higher levels of anxiety and depression.The researchers believe that the constant exposure to carefully curated and idealized versions of other people's lives on social media can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Additionally, the study found that excessive use of social media can disrupt sleep patterns and contribute to a sedentary lifestyle.Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that individuals limit their use of social media and engage in more face-to-face social interactions. This can help to reduce feelings of loneliness and improve overall mental well-being. Question: According to the study, what are the negative impacts of using social media on mental health?2. 阅读下面的短文，并回答问题：In recent years, online shopping has become increasingly popular among consumers. However, a new study suggests that online shopping may have a negative impact on the environment.The study found that the carbon footprint of online shopping is significantly higher than that of traditional brick-and-mortar retail. This is due to factors such as packaging waste, increased transportation emissions, and the energy consumption of data centers.To reduce the environmental impact of online shopping, the researchers recommend that consumers consolidate their purchases into fewer shipments, choose eco-friendly packaging options, and support local businesses whenever possible.Question: What are the factors contributing to the higher carbon footprint of online shopping?翻译题将下面的英文句子翻译成中文：1. The rapid development of technology has transformed the way we live and work.2. With the increasing globalization, cross-cultural communication skills have become more important than ever.3. The government should take effective measures to address the issue of air pollution.4. The rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the retail industry.5. Education plays a crucial role in shaping the future of a nation.听力题听下面的对话，选择正确的答案：Dialogue 1:A: Have you heard about the new movie that just came out?B: No, I haven't. What's it about?A: It's a romantic comedy set in Paris. The main characters are two strangerswho meet by chance and fall in love.B: That sounds interesting. I love romantic comedies.Question: What is the movie about?Dialogue 2:A: I've been feeling really stressed out lately.B: Why? What's been going on?A: I have so much work to do and not enough time to finish it all.B: Maybe you should try prioritizing your tasks and asking for help if you need it. Question: What advice does B give to A?以上是一些考研英语新题型的练习题，希望能够帮助考生熟悉和掌握这些题型。
考研英语二新题型解题技巧
考研英语二新题型解题技巧摘要：一、考研英语二新题型简介二、解题技巧：1.选择搭配题2.排序题3.举例或阐述题4.小标题或概括句题三、提高阅读理解能力1.理顺文章逻辑关系2.把握文章线索正文：考研英语二新题型主要包含选择搭配题、排序题、举例或阐述题以及小标题或概括句题。
以下将针对这些题型提供详细的解题技巧。
一、考研英语二新题型简介1.选择搭配题：此题型要求考生在五个文中主要人物与七个选项之间进行连线搭配，找出能填充五个空白处的正确选项。
2.排序题：此题型将一篇500词左右的文章原有顺序打乱，要求考生根据文章内容和结构将所列段落（7-8个）重新排序。
其中有2-3个段落在文章中的位置已经给出。
3.举例或阐述题：此题型要求考生根据文章内容，从六个段落中选择能填充五个空白处的正确选项。
4.小标题或概括句题：此题型要求考生在一篇长度为500词的文章中，从六个标题或概括句中选出最恰当的五个填入文章的空白处。
二、解题技巧1.选择搭配题：技巧：- 快速浏览五个人物及对应选项，初步了解人物观点。
- 仔细阅读文章，找出与人物观点相关的信息。
- 对比选项，选出与文章内容相符的人物观点。
2.排序题：技巧：- 快速浏览文章，找出已给出的段落位置。
- 理顺文章逻辑关系，如并列递进、转折、因果等。
- 根据逻辑关系和已给出的段落位置，将剩余段落排序。
3.举例或阐述题：技巧：- 找出文章中的核心观点。
- 分析选项，找出能支持核心观点的论据。
- 确保论点与论据的一致性，选出正确选项。
4.小标题或概括句题：技巧：- 分析文章结构，找出各个部分的主题。
- 对比选项，选出能概括文章内容的标题或概括句。
- 确保标题与文章内容的一致性。
三、提高阅读理解能力1.理顺文章逻辑关系：- 并列递进关系：如and、but、also、furthermore等。
- 转折关系：如however、while、on the other hand等。
- 因果关系：如because、since、as a result等。
考研英语新题型练习题
考研英语新题型练习题一、阅读理解（共20分）A节（共10分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1In recent years, the popularity of online education has surged, with millions of students around the world taking advantage of the convenience and flexibility it offers. However, there are also concerns about the quality of online education compared to traditional classroom learning.Questions:21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of online education.B. The increasing popularity of online education.C. The drawbacks of online education.D. The comparison between online and traditional education.22. What concerns are mentioned regarding online education?A. The cost of online courses.B. The lack of social interaction.C. The difficulty in accessing technology.D. The quality of the education provided.Passage 2The role of technology in modern society is undeniable. It has transformed the way we communicate, work, and live. Yet, there is an ongoing debate about whether technology has a positive or negative impact on our lives.Questions:23. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A. To discuss the benefits of technology.B. To explore the impact of technology on society.C. To criticize the overuse of technology.D. To encourage the development of new technologies.24. What is the central debate mentioned in the passage?A. The cost of technological advancements.B. The ethical implications of technology.C. The positive versus negative effects of technology.D. The future of technology in society.B节（共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
考研英语新题型练习题
考研英语新题型练习题一、阅读理解Passage 1A recent study conducted by researchers at a renowned university focused on the effects of stress on college students. The study, which surveyed over 1,000 students, found that high levels of stress negatively impact academic performance.The study revealed that students who reported high stress levels had lower GPAs compared to those with lower stress levels. This suggests that stress can hinder a student's ability to concentrate and perform well in their studies.Additionally, the study found a correlation between stress levels and overall well-being. Students who reported high stress levels also reported higher levels of anxiety and depression. This highlights the importance of addressing stress among college students in order to promote their mental health.Passage 2Another study explored the link between sleep patterns and academic success. The researchers analyzed the sleep habits of college students and compared them to their grades. The findings indicated that students who consistently had adequate sleep achieved higher grades compared to those with irregular sleep patterns.This study emphasizes the significance of establishing a healthy sleep routine for college students. It suggests that prioritizing sleep can lead to improved academic performance.Passage 3A third study focused on the impact of exercise on cognitive function. The researchers conducted a controlled experiment where one group of students engaged in regular exercise while another group did not. The results showed that the group who exercised regularly demonstrated higher cognitive abilities, such as memory and attention span, compared to the non-exercise group.This study highlights the benefits of physical activity not only for physical health but also for cognitive function. It suggests that incorporating exercise into one's routine can enhance academic performance.Overall, these three studies shed light on various factors that can influence a college student's academic performance. Stress, sleep patterns, and exercise all play significant roles in determining how well students perform in their studies. Addressing these factors and promoting healthy habits can contribute to overall academic success and well-being.二、完型填空In recent years, online learning has become increasingly 1 among students. With the advent of technology, students now have access to a wide range of online courses and educational resources. While some may argue that traditional classroom learning is still superior, online learning offers 2 benefits.Firstly, online learning provides 3 flexibility. Students can access course materials and lectures at their convenience, allowing them to study at their own pace. This is particularly beneficial for those who have other commitments such as jobs or family responsibilities. Online learning allows individuals to balance their academic pursuits with their personal lives.Secondly, online learning promotes self-discipline and independence. Unlike traditional classroom learning, where students have constant supervision, online learners are responsible for managing their own time and staying motivated. This fosters a sense of self-reliance and encourages individuals to take ownership of their education.Furthermore, online learning offers a wider range of course options. Students can choose from a variety of subjects and specializations, regardless of their geographical location. This opens up opportunities for individuals who may not have access to certain courses or educational institutions in their local area.However, there are also drawbacks to online learning. One of the main challenges is the lack of face-to-face interaction with instructors and peers. In a traditional classroom setting, students can ask questions and participate in discussions, which enhances the learning experience. Online learners may miss out on this interactive aspect of education.In conclusion, online learning provides flexibility, promotes self-discipline, and offers a wide range of course options. While it may have its limitations, it is clear that online learning has become a valuable and accessible mode of education for many students.三、写作任务Topic: The Impact of Social Media on SocietyIntroduction:Social media has become an integral part of modern society, with millions of people using platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter on a daily basis. While social media offers numerous benefits, it also has a profound impact on society. This essay will explore the positive and negative effects of social media on various aspects of our lives.Body Paragraph 1 - Communication:One of the key benefits of social media is its ability to facilitate communication. Platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp allow people to connect and share information instantly, regardless of their geographical locations. This has greatly enhanced global connectivity and fostered the exchange of ideas.Body Paragraph 2 - Information Sharing:Social media also plays a significant role in spreading information and raising awareness about important issues. News articles and videos can be easily shared and accessed by millions of people, often leading to increased public engagement and activism. However, the widespread dissemination of information also raises concerns about the accuracy and reliability of the content.Body Paragraph 3 - Personal Relationships:On the other hand, the excessive use of social media can negatively impact personal relationships. Spending excessive time on social mediaplatforms can lead to decreased face-to-face interactions, affecting the quality of interpersonal relationships. Additionally, the cultivation of online personas can create a false sense of connection, leading to feelings of loneliness and isolation.Body Paragraph 4 - Mental Health:Social media has been linked to various mental health issues, including depression and anxiety. The constant exposure to carefully curated images and idealized lifestyles on platforms like Instagram can contribute to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Cyberbullying is also a prevalent issue on social media, further exacerbating mental health problems.Conclusion:Social media has revolutionized the way we communicate, share information, and build relationships. While it offers numerous benefits, such as instant communication and information access, it also comes with drawbacks, including the potential for decreased personal interactions and negative impacts on mental health. It is crucial for individuals to strike a balance in their social media usage and be mindful of its effects on their well-being.。
2023年考研英语一新题型throughout
2023年考研英语一新题型throughout一、概述随着2023年考研的到来，英语一科目也迎来了新的考试题型——“throughout”。
这一新题型要求考生在文章阅读的过程中综合运用阅读、听力和写作技能，全面展现自己的语言能力。
二、新题型要求1.阅读通过阅读一篇长文（一般为科技、教育、社会等相关领域的文章），考生需要理解并掌握文章的主旨、核心观点以及作者所持的立场和态度。
也需要对文章中涉及的相关事实、细节和论证进行理解和总结。
2.听力在阅读完长文之后，考生需要倾听一段长对话或讨论，内容与阅读文章相关。
考生需要理解对话中的细节内容、观点讨论以及人物之间的关系，准确把握对话的要点。
3.写作在阅读和听力环节结束后，考生需要结合所读文章和所听对话，撰写一篇短文，表达自己对所读文章和所听对话内容的理解和看法。
写作要求准确、清晰、连贯，展现出较高的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。
三、应对策略1.阅读（1）仔细阅读文章，抓住文章的中心思想，应尽可能在第一遍阅读中理解文章的主旨。
（2）注意文章中的论点和论据，可以在文章边缘或需要标注的地方做相关笔记，以便于后续的听力和写作环节。
2.听力（1）倾听对话时，要注意对话中的重点内容，例如人物观点、事件细节等。
（2）根据对话的内容，可以在试卷上做相关记号，有助于后续的写作环节。
3.写作（1）在写作环节时，要清晰地表达自己对文章和对话的理解和看法，逻辑结构要清晰。
（2）应使用恰当的语言和例证，增强文章的说服力。
四、备考建议1.平时多阅读一些相关领域的文章，提高阅读能力和阅读速度。
2.多听一些英语对话或讨论节目，提高听力理解能力。
3.关注语言表达和写作技巧，可以通过短文写作进行练习，提高自己的写作水平。
4.在备考过程中要保持平常心态，科学合理地制定复习计划，保持良好的心理状态。
五、总结“throughout” 是2023年考研英语一的新题型，要求考生全面展现语言能力，对于备考的考生来说，需要充分理解并掌握这一新题型的要求，制定相应的复习策略，有针对性地进行备考。
考研英语真题试卷阅读
考研英语真题试卷阅读阅读部分（共40分）一、阅读理解（共30分，每题2分）A节（共20题，每题2分）Passage 1In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The rapid development of AI has brought about significant changes in various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and education. However, with the advancement of technology, there are also concerns about the potential negative impacts of AI on society.Questions:21. What is the main topic of the passage?22. Which areas have been affected by the development of AI according to the passage?23. What are the concerns mentioned in the passage regarding AI?Passage 2The concept of sustainable development has becomeincreasingly important in today's world. It emphasizes the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection and social equity. Many countries have adopted policies and practices that promote sustainable development, aiming to create a better future for all.Questions:24. What does the passage mainly discuss?25. What does sustainable development focus on?26. What are the goals of sustainable development policies?Passage 3Cultural diversity is a rich source of creativity and innovation. It is essential to respect and value the unique cultural heritage of different communities. Promotingcultural diversity can lead to a more inclusive and harmonious society.Questions:27. What is the main idea of the passage?28. Why is cultural diversity important?29. What can be the result of promoting cultural diversity?B节（共10题，每题2分）Passage 4The rise of social media has transformed the way people communicate and interact with each other. It has also created new opportunities for businesses to reach out to theircustomers. However, the use of social media has raisedprivacy concerns and the spread of misinformation.Questions:30. What is the focus of the passage?31. How has social media changed communication?32. What issues are associated with the use of social media?二、新题型（共10分）Task 1: Information MatchingRead the following statements and match them with the corresponding passages from the previous section. Each statement can only be used once.33. The passage that discusses the impact of AI on employment.34. The passage that talks about the importance of environmental protection.35. The passage that highlights the benefits of cultural exchange.Task 2: SummaryWrite a brief summary of the main points discussed in the reading passages. Your summary should be no more than 100 words.注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际考研英语真题试卷的阅读部分会根据考试大纲和命题要求有所不同。
考研英语新题型试题及答案
考研英语新题型试题及答案试题：Section I: Use of English (共20分)Directions: Read the text below and answer the questions by choosing the correct option A, B, C, or D. There are 20 questions in total, each worth one point.Text:In recent years, the popularity of extreme sports has surged among young people. The thrill of pushing one's limits and the desire to experience something different from traditional sports have attracted a growing number of participants. However, with the rise in popularity, there has also been an increase in the number of injuries associated with these activities. Despite the risks, many continue to be drawn to extreme sports for various reasons.1. What is the main reason for the surge in popularity of extreme sports among young people?A. The desire to win competitions.B. The thrill of pushing one's limits.C. The need for physical exercise.D. The influence of social media.2. What is a consequence of the rise in extreme sports' popularity?A. A decrease in traditional sports participation.B. An increase in the number of injuries.C. A rise in sports-related employment.D. A decline in the interest in outdoor activities.3. Despite the risks, what continues to motivate people to participate in extreme sports?A. The potential for financial gain.B. The opportunity for social interaction.B. The allure of fame and recognition.D. Various personal reasons.4. What is NOT mentioned as a reason for the appeal of extreme sports?A. The excitement of trying something new.B. The challenge of overcoming fears.C. The pursuit of physical perfection.D. The enjoyment of being part of a community.5. The text suggests that extreme sports are generally considered to be:A. More dangerous than traditional sports.B. Less physically demanding than expected.C. More accessible to the general public.D. Less popular among older individuals.Section II: Reading Comprehension (共40分)Part ADirections: Read the passage and answer the questions bychoosing the correct option A, B, C, or D. There are 20 questions in total, each worth two points.Passage:The concept of a "smart city" has become increasinglyprevalent in urban planning discussions. A smart city is one that integrates information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance the efficiency of its services, reduce resource consumption, and improve the quality of life for its residents. The implementation of smart city initiatives canbe seen in various sectors, such as transportation, healthcare, and energy management.6. What is the primary goal of a smart city?A. To increase the city's population.B. To improve the quality of life for residents.C. To attract more foreign investments.D. To boost the city's economic growth.7. What technology is essential for the functioning of asmart city?A. Advanced manufacturing technology.B. Information and communication technology (ICT).C. Traditional agricultural technology.D. Renewable energy technology.8. In which areas can smart city initiatives be implemented?A. Education and tourism.B. Transportation and healthcare.C. Defense and space exploration.D. Retail and entertainment.9. What is one of the benefits of a smart city for its residents?A. Lower taxes.B. Enhanced security.C. More job opportunities.D. Access to free education.10. What is NOT a feature of a smart city?A. Efficient use of resources.B. High-speed internet access.C. A focus on traditional industries.D. Advanced waste management systems.Part BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the correct option A, B, C, or D. There are 10 questions in total, each worth two points.Text:The impact of social media on society has been a topic of debate for years. While some argue that it has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information, others believe it has led to a decline in face-to-face interactions and a rise in mental health issues. Despite these concerns, social media platforms continue to grow in popularity, with new users joining every day.11. What is the main topic of debate regarding social media?A. Its impact on mental health.B. Its role in society.C. Its influence on politics.D. Its economic benefits.12. What is one negative effect of social media mentioned in the text?A. Increased access to education.B. A decline in face-to-face interactions.C. Improved job opportunities.D. Enhanced privacy for individuals.13. What is a positive aspect of social media according to the text?A. It has reduced the spread of misinformation.B. It has improved the quality of news reporting.C. It has revolutionized communication.D.。
2023考研英语二新题型真题及答案解析
2023考研英语二新题型真题及答案解析2023考研英语二新题型真题 Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A–G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41–45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Five ways to make conversation with anyone in choosing a new home, Camille McClain’s kids have a single demand: a backyard.McClain’s little ones aren’t the only kids who have an option when it es to housing, and in many cases youngsters’ views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2023 Harris Poll survey of more than 2000 US adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, reality agents and psychologists have mixedviews about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids’ opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decisionis a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, and Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said.Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home- without actually getting a choice in the matter, said ADAM Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they’re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of home buying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. Andplacing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.” Hson said.The other issue is that many children - especially older ones - may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside , Calif .“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. “HGTV has seriouslyc hanged how people view real estate. It’s notshelter , it’s a lifestyle. With that mindset change e some serious money consequences.”“Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made con tingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best- and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas oftheir children, despite the current housing crunch.2023考研英语二新题型答案解析 41.【D】解析：根据Ryan Hooper定位到文章第四段和第五段，其中第五段提到：“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said. 其中，significant moves和children 都在D选项中复现，而children may face serious difficulties 与D选项中的..may pose challenges to children是同义交换，故D为正确答案。
考研英语一新题型历年真题(2005--2014)分类版
考研英语(一）阅读新题型全真试题（2005-2014）Type One Blank-filling （完形填句）2005Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41. ________What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.42. ________But “national” doesn’t have to mean that. “National” could mean interprovincial -- provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to negotiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province -- or a series of hospitals within a province -- negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.43. ________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.44. ________Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”45. ________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of thefirst advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University.Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annualincreases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of suchan agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans tonegotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national”mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirbyrecommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently createdNational Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and willcontinue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drugcosts have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending.Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds oftreatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds.Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove theycan run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would endduplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from beingplayed off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers;they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs fromone province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drugon its list, the pressure will cause others to incl ude it on theirs. They wouldn’tlike a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.2006Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino where gambling games are played. During several years ofgambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, these activities become what he calls electronic morphine.(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat locked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998, a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problems. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter. Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 20 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,” intentionally worked to “l ur e” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says “pathological gambling”involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(44) ________. Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.(45) ________.Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gambler s’ dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketing departmentcontinued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and usedhis Fun Card without being detected.[B] It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And inwhat sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back toeven, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a longtime it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a socialpolicy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in Americais government.[E] David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generationsexplained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especiallyconductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how tomove against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?2008Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, and stand up, or lie down to write. (41) __________. Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42) ________Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.(43) ________Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and ,if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side.It you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44) ________ .These printouts also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The students who wrote “ The A & P as a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45) ________Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times “and then again” working to substantiate an clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences withineach paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.A)To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between linesso that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on onlyone side of the paper.B)After you have clearly and adequately, developed the body of your paper,pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’sprobably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely whatyou are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attentionbecause they leave the reader with a final impression.C)It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off aprinter may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writingthat have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks andprint their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any materialbecause of power failures or other problems.D)It make no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you havedeveloped a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes anbegin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.E)Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis,which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job.Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described crabbedresponse to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” heenforces.F)In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A & P”, thestudent brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to hisrefusal to accept store policies.G)By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say,you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested.Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover orderingprinciples as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draftthe first time around.2009Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencerargued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection. 41.____________.American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Tylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________.In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology. 43._____________ .Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________.Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 45.________________.Also in the early 1900s, French sociologist ?mile Durkheim developed a theory of culture that would greatly influence anthropology. Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity. An interest in the relationship between the function of society and culture—known as functionalism—became a major theme in European, and especially British, anthropology.[A] Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.[C] He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,” in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.[D] They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people’s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children’s entrance into adulthood.[E] Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.[F]Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.[G] For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world. In fact, all of these cultural developments occurred separately at different timesin many parts of the world.2012Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. (41)The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century's culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. (42)I call it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.All animals download, but only a few upload. Beavers build dams and birds make nests. Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods - paintings, sculpture and architecture - and superfluous experiences - music, literature, religion and philosophy. (43) For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. (44)Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on.(45)What counts as meaningful uploading? My definition revolves around the concept of "stickiness" - creations and experiences to which others adhere.[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requiresgreat skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.[B] Applications like , which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others.[C] Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.[D] This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading - between passive consumption and active creation - whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[E] The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players.[F] One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium - television - and television is defined by downloading.[G]The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.2013Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource is not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41) . Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger, from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers. Here, too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42) . This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction.Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental change” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004. (43) .When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium, for example. And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding. (44) . This is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite. (45) . That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these keywords.[C] The idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change; food security; marine research and the bio-economy; clean, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] The solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behaviour: all require behavioural change and social innovations, as well as technological development. Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.[G] During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds — including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate —varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations, it is about 15%.Type Two Sequencing （排序题）2010Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service ope rators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”: hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Ove rall, Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France,。
考研英语新题型阅读
考研英语新题型阅读
考研英语新题型阅读通常包括以下几种题型：
1. 七选五：给出一篇500词左右的文章，其中有5个空，要求从7个选项
中选出5个填入文中，使文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
2. 排序题：将一篇文章的段落顺序打乱，要求考生根据文章内容重新排序。
3. 小标题选择题：给出一篇500词左右的文章，要求从所给的几个选项中
选出最符合文章内容的小标题。
4. 匹配题：给出一篇500词左右的文章，要求从所给的几个选项中选出与
文章内容相匹配的句子。
无论哪种题型，考生都需要具备一定的阅读理解能力和语言表达能力。
同时，考生还需要掌握一些解题技巧，如寻找关键词、定位答案等。
建议考生在备考期间多做真题，掌握考试规律和出题思路，提高自己的应试能力。
2023年考研英语一阅读理解新题型
2023年考研英语一阅读理解新题型随着2023年考研的临近，备战考研的同学们将迎来一个新的挑战——英语一阅读理解新题型。
这个新题型对于广大考生来说是一个全新的知识点，需要认真学习和准备。
下面将从几个方面对2023年考研英语一阅读理解新题型进行介绍和分析。
一、新题型的背景和意义1. 背景：2023年考研英语一阅读理解新题型的引入是为了更好地考察考生的阅读理解能力，适应时代的发展和教育的需求。
2. 意义：新题型的引入在一定程度上提升了考研英语一阅读理解的难度和质量，有利于考生更全面地掌握英语阅读能力，也有利于大学英语教学水平的提高。
二、新题型的内容和特点1. 内容：新题型多以实际场景为背景，注重考查考生的综合应用能力和分析判断能力。
2. 特点：新题型题目难度适中，注重考查考生对文本细节和主旨的把握能力，要求考生具备一定的逻辑思维能力和语境推理能力。
三、新题型的备考方法和技巧1. 方法：考生在备考过程中可以通过大量阅读、积累词汇和语法知识，提高自己的语言运用能力和阅读理解能力。
2. 技巧：答题时要注重从上下文推理和句子语法结构入手，注重理解文章的逻辑结构和作者观点，积极解题策略的使用和灵活运用。
四、新题型的应试策略和心态调整1. 应试策略：在考试中，考生要灵活应对，合理分配答题时间，把握好考试节奏，注意答题过程中的语言表达和逻辑推理。
2. 心态调整：考生要保持乐观积极的心态，相信自己经过长期的备考一定能取得优异的成绩，对待新题型要有足够的准备和信心。
2023年考研英语一阅读理解新题型的引入对考生来说是一种挑战，更是一种机遇。
只有通过不断地学习和实践，不断地提升自己的阅读能力和语言应用能力，才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。
希望广大考生能够充分认识到新题型的重要性，制定合理的备考计划，努力提升自己的英语水平，取得满意的成绩！五、新题型的备考方法和技巧1. 方法：在备考过程中，考生首先需要注重大量的阅读。
通过大量的阅读练习，可以积累丰富的词汇和语法知识，提高自己的语言综合运用能力，进而提升阅读理解能力。
考研英语一阅读新题型
考研英语一阅读新题型
随着考研英语的不断变化和升级，考生们需要关注新的阅读题型。
最近，考研英语一阅读部分又有了新的题型——新题型是什么？应该如何备考？下面我们就来了解一下。
新题型是什么？
新题型名为“选择段落”，题目形式为一篇文章后面跟有几个段落，每个段落都有一个问题，考生需要选择哪个段落是能够回答该问题的。
这个题型不仅考查了考生阅读理解的能力，还考查了考生对不同文章段落的理解和把握。
应该如何备考？
1.多练习选择段落题型，这种题型一定要多联系，以锻炼考生的阅读和理解能力。
2.注意文章段落结构，段落的开头和结束常常有提示信息，需要注意。
3.提高词汇量和阅读速度，这对于阅读理解的时效性和准确性都有很大的帮助。
4.关注新闻时事和科技进展，这种题型的文章通常会涉及到当下的热点话题和最新的科技进展。
总之，选择段落是考研英语一阅读部分的新题型，考生需要认真备考，提高自己的阅读理解能力和对文章段落的理解和把握能力。
希望考研英语一阅读部分的新题型能成为考生们备考路上的助力。
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考研英语二新题型2023
考研英语二新题型2023
考研英语二新题型2023年包括以下三种题型：
1. 七选五：文章中有五个句子需要填入，考生需要从七个选项中选出五个填入，主要考察对文章内容的理解和对细节的把握。
2. 小标题：文章中的某个段落有一个小标题，考生需要根据段落内容选择一个最符合的小标题。
主要考察对段落主旨的理解和概括能力。
3. 判断对错：文章中有五个句子，考生需要根据文章内容判断这些句子是否正确。
主要考察对文章内容的理解和判断能力。
需要注意的是，新题型只是形式上的变化，其考察的知识点和难度并没有变化，考生只要掌握好阅读理解的基本技巧和解题方法，就能够应对这些新题型。
同时，建议考生在备考期间多做一些模拟题，提高解题能力。
2022年考研英语一真题答案之阅读理解真题新题型(附完整版答案)
2022年考研英语一真题答案之阅读理解真题新题型（附完整版答案）2022年考研英语一阅读理解真题Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41~45, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking attempts.Here are a few other ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees: Better hiring practicesCompanies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions. “There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,” says Pedro Domingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science professor at the University of Washington. In addition, “41. _______________” One company that’s doing this iscalled Blendoor. It uses analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.More effective marketingSome AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates. One company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in revenue. 42. _______________ These are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.Saving customers moneyEnergy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills, saving them money while helping the environment. Companies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk. Domingos says, “43. _______________”Improved accuracy“Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics, which makes data more valuable,” says Winston. It “helps people make smarter decisions.” 44. _______________Protecting and maintaining infrastructureA number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, use AI image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they happen. “If they fail first and then you fix them, it’s very expensive,” says Domingos. “45. _______________”[A] AI replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.[B] One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.[C] There are also companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.[D] You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.[E] Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost the company money.[F]We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.[G] AI looks at résumés in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.答案：F、C、A、B、G。
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衔接关系练习
• 找出下面有关联的句子，及衔接关系 • 1）The history of plastics is longer than you might expect. • 2） Everything faded into mist. • 3）You will need to take some tools with you. • 4）In fact that the first man made plastic ever to appear
on the market was made over a hundred years ago. • 5）The past was erased, the erasure was forgotten, the lie
became truth. • 6）You can get a hammer, a saw and a screwdriver from
• 四 浏览各段末句，划出末句复现同现词代词 和逻辑关系
• Tip 1 先少后多
• Tip 2 firstly 未必最前 finally 未必最后
• Tip 3读各段末句根据复现关系和逻辑关联 词整合小段为段群
• Tip 4 先做简单的，确定的，模糊的可用排 除法
• 10年真题
真题再现
小标题
• 阅读Direction 确定文章主题， • 删除不用加标题的段落 • 浏览段中各句，划出并归纳同现和复现词 • 对应标题中同义词或原词
• 同现 ：指的是词汇共同出现的倾向性。在语篇中， 围绕着一定的话题，一定范畴的词往往会 同时出现。 包括反义关系、互补关系等。
• John Smith says he feels very sorry for millionaires, who, instead of being masters of their wealth, are slaves of their millions
department stores.
段落/句间衔接关系
• 一 词汇（同现+复现）复现指的是某一词以原词、同 义词、近义词、上下位词、等其他形式重复出现 在语 篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔 接
• 原词：The history of plastics is longer than you might expect. In fact that the first man made plastic ever to appear on the market was made over a hundred years ago.
4、原则：①空格处考察上下三个自然段的起承转合， 中间不允许出现明确的内容跳跃；②一般来说， 上下自然段不允许出现明显的内容雷同表达
5、对于没有任何逻辑特征的题目而言，要重点阅读 上 下自然段，寻求内容阐述的一致性，并观察有 否高频词出现
6、对于空格当中的某句话题目而言： ①开头常是主题句：不行呈上或对照 ②中间不忘主题句：前瞻后望找特性 ③末尾常是下结论，也可排比或举例 7、做完题目后，再次快速浏览全文，从而
确认文章的整体性和逻辑性
宏观方法:结构法 （首段首句不出题 ） 首先判 断文章的结构特征
• 1 分析性结构(提出某一现象或问题解释某一 现象出现的原因+解决的方法/影响，05 /06)
• 2 描述性结构(主要介绍过程 方法 步骤 本身 的时间先后顺序 例：08年的真题)
• 3 比较性结构(把两个人或理论、特点、优缺 点、学科进行对比09年)
英语考研
专题四 阅读新题型
• 7选5 ， 排序
• 文章内在逻辑结构的一致性 与 前 后句子间的衔接关系
• 宏观的逻辑结构优于细节的衔接 关系
• 小标题
• 例子匹配，主题词对应 段落大意 的归纳
一、题型简介
二、①空格如果是某一个自然段，则考察全文 结构及段与段的起承转合；
②空格如果是自然段中某一句话，则考察 段落内部的一致性及句与句的逻辑关系
• A great number of high school graduates continue their education in one of the many colleges or universities in the country. After four years, they receive a bachelor's degree. Some continue studying for a master's degree and perhaps a doctor's degree.
• 二代词 单复数 阴阳性 she or he it or they • 三 关联词Biblioteka 题再现• 05,06 年真题
排序题
• 一 阅读题干要求，删除已确定位置的段落 • 二 浏览各段首句，找出主题词，排除多余段 • 三 根据首句特征确定文章第一段 • 首段首句不能包含代词，比较级，表示并列，
递进，转折 ，因果关系的结果
三、题目的难度动态变化，有难易之分，做题 时先做上下文有明显逻辑关系，在做上下文 没有逻辑关系的题目
①常规逻辑：转折、因果、并列、递进、
②非常规逻辑：时空关系、代词指代、冠 词出现
四、做题步骤
1、阅读首段，读懂文章的大概
2、在空白处的上下文寻求逻辑特征词，确认大体 做题顺序
3、迅速浏览各选项的开头，再次确认逻辑特征词 的存在，缩小该选项的备选范围
• 同义词 ：Everything faded into mist. The past was erased, the erasure was forgotten, the lie became truth.
• 上下位词：You will need to take some tools with you. You can get a hammer, a saw and a screwdriver from department stores.