介词 冠词

介词：常考查介词用法50% 介词固定搭配40% 介词辨析10%

1 时间介词in on at for since in after by before until till during

2 方位，地点介词in on at to under over above below beside behind near inside across through along down up off

3 方式，手段介词in on by with

4 其他介词about between among of like with without for as against

用法及区别：

一、at、in、on

1）表示时间：

at表示某一具体时间点，noon/night/dusk/ midnight

in 表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) on 表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的早中晚,

2 ）表地点:

at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置at the station at the cinema

in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里. in China in the classroom

on 指在某物体的表面

二、in /on / to 表方位

in包含（大鱼吃小鱼）Tanwan is ____ the southeast of China .

on接壤相邻（两鱼kiss）Hubei is ____ the north of Hunan .

to 相离（两鱼分手）Japan is _____ the east of China .

三、after、in+时间

after + 时间段. 表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后, 用于过去时

in +一段时间. 表示说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后.用于将来时.

He came back ______ two days. He will come back _____ two days.

四in/on/over/above/under/below/上下位置

in 里面on表面over正上方、垂直（反：under）above上方（反：below）

五across/through/past/over/表经过

across 穿过平面（一边到一边：河，街道，公路）

through 穿过空间（窗户，森林，沙漠）

past 从某物旁边经过over上方位置（fly over）

六in/on/by表交通工具in/on+限定词+交通工具by+交通工具

On the school bus / on his bike by bike/bus

七in/by/with表方式、手段

In 使用语言、材料、工具（不用冠词）by用某种方式with工具（前有冠词）、身体部位Can you say it _____English ? He wrote a letter ____ blue ink. We can see _____our eyes.

He makes a living ___ selling newspapers . You can draw _____pen. You can draw _____a pen.

八except/besides/except for表除了

except 除外（不包含）besides除外（还有）except for肯定整体，排除一小部分，起修正作用everyone is invited _______ me. ______milk, we need more drinks.

His composition is very good_______ his a little terrible handwriting.

九since / for 用于现在完成时中.

Since：a).since +时间点b). 现在完成时+ since +一般过去时c).since +一段时间+ ago. for: for +一段时间= since +一段时间+ ago

十其他介词特殊用法

1. at 表示“以价格或速度（price、speed）

2. in 表示“穿着”后接表颜色的词或衣服.

3. on表示关于侧重于学术理论，about侧重人或事

4. with 伴随，和，带有

5. for 表为了，对于，长达

6. as 表作为，按照，和（the same as）

7. by +时间表到….为止；在附近=near

十一固定搭配

present

first

times

a while

time

the same time the end of the age of the way chance

fun

duty

foot business

the future fact

danger agree deal ask hear help spend look laugh worry prefer wait stop shout proud strict good

冠词：定冠词the40% 不定冠词a/an35% 零冠词25%

一. 不定冠词a/an 区别：不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)

1.泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。

A horse is an animal

2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

A girl is waiting for you.

3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。

I have a computer.

4表示“每一”，相当于every.

I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。

5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。

I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.

6.用在某些固定词组中：

a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time, have a good time ,have a look