牛津译林版英语八下unit1-unit2

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2021牛津英语八年级下 unit1-2 past and present 短语句型

8B Unit 1 Past and present一、词组过去常常做某事 used to do sth习惯做某事 be/get used to doing sth被用来做某事 be used to do sth对某人友好 be kind /nice/friendly to sb和某人分享某物 share sth with sb做一份关于…的历史课题 do a history project on..这些年，历年 over the years在过去的一个世纪 over the past century在过去的十年里 in the past 10 years在过去的几年里 in the past few/several years北京的变化 the changes in Beijing不同时代的运输工具 transport at different times不同形式的交通工具 different forms of transport轮流做某事 take turns to do sth出行 go around the city等候下一班公交车 wait for the next bus非常了解某事 know sth very well搬家 move house居住在城镇的北部 live in the northern part of town和某人结婚 get/be married to sb =marry sb从那以后 since then把……变成…… turn… into …在镇中心 in the town centre =in the centre of the town一家钢铁厂 a steel factory往河里扔废物 put the waste into the river （waste un. 废水；废气；废物）意识到这个问题 realize the problem （realize v. 意识到；实现）实现某人的梦想realize one’s dream采取措施改善在这种情况 take action to improve the situation在某种程度上 in some ways我的大部分老朋友 most of my old friends像以前一样经常 as often as before打牌和下中国象棋 play cards and Chinese chess感觉有一点孤独 feel a bit/a little/a little bit lonely有时，偶尔 from time to time / sometimes发生 take place阳光镇的历史 the history of Sunshine Town采访某人 interview sb/have an interview with sb某人的一生all one’s life在过去 /在现在/在将来 in the past/at present/ in the future教许多关于中国的历史 teach a lot about the history of China学习更多关于北京的过去和现在learn more about Beijing’s past and present听说这部电影 hear about /of the film收到某人的来信 hear from sb计划做某事 plan to do sth居住环境，居住条件 living conditions干净又新鲜的空气 clean and fresh air从……返回 return from / come（go） back from回到…… return to/ come（go） back to出国 go abroad上小学 be at primary school和某人保持联系 keep in touch with sb主要通过电子邮件与某人交流 mainly communicate with sb by email让交流变得容易的多 make communication much easier玩乐的好去处 a good place to have fun穿过城镇的中心 run through the centre of the town很快适应生活的变化 get used to the changes of life quickly独自、独立on one’s own =by oneself=alone在一些大的空地上 in some large open spaces （space cn.空地 un.空间；太空）在两边 on both sides/on each/either side享受舒适的生活 enjoy a comfortable life搬到/搬进/搬出 move to /move into / move out of水/噪音/空气污染 water/noise/air pollution （pollution un.污染；污染物）乘汽车往返城镇 travel to and from the town听收音机 listen to the radio在他们的空余时间 in their free/spare time二、句型1. 后来政府意识到了这个问题并采取措施改善了情况。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册 Unit 2 Travelling教案

e.g. The train is travelling at a speed of sixty miles an hour.
火车正以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。
5. We were screaming and laughing through the ride.
1) through是介词,可它的意思不再是我们以前学过的“从……通过，穿过”,而是“从(某事)的开始到结束,从头到尾”的意思。
missvt.想念，思念
e.g. Dave misses his grandparents very much.
Dave非常想念他的爷爷奶奶。
miss作动词时还可意为“错过；没做到”，其后接动词时，应用动词-ing形式。
miss还可用作名词，意为“女士；小姐”，此时m必须大写，常用于姓名或姓之前，尤指未婚女子。
e.g. The nurse looked after the old man through his long illness.
这个老人病了很长时间,这个护士一直在照顾他。
2) riden.
可数名词,意为“乘坐,搭乘; (乘车或骑车的)短途旅程,旅行”,有时也可指“距离”。
e.g. Can I have a ride on your bike?
Step 2 Listen and answer more questions.
1. Is Eddie happy in the first picture? Why?
2. Where is Eddie going?
3. Does Eddie want to go too?
4. What does Hobo want to bring?
2. Have you ever been toHong Kong?

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit2重点知识复习及练习(20200707215651)

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit2重点知识复习及练习【板块一：重要词汇】【基础知识】1.miss：（1）miss为动词，意为“想念，思念”。

如：When I was abroad, I my parents. 当我在国外时，我思念我的父母。

（2）miss 还可意为“错过，没赶上”。

如：Hurry up, or you may the bus. 快点，否则你可能赶不上公共汽车。

（3）Miss 可做名词，意为“小姐”，后接姓氏，常常大写。

如：This is my English teacher, . 这是我的英语老师，李小姐。

2.fantastic 为形容词，意为“极好的，美妙的”，其同义词为wonderful。

have a fantastic time 也可说成have a good/great/wonderful time。

如：I have a social life. 我的社交生活丰富多彩。

3.speed：(1)speed作名词，速度，常见短语为at the/a speed of 以……的速度；at…speed。

如：Please drive at (a) safe . 请以安全速度行驶。

It moves fifty kilometers an hour. 他以每小时50公里的速度移动。

(2)speed 可作动词，其动词组为speed up, 意为“加速”。

如：You notice that your breathing has a bit. 你注意到自己的呼吸加快了一些。

4.through作介词，自始至终，从头到尾；穿过，通过。

如：The river runs our village. 这条河穿过我们的村子。

辨析across和through两者均可表示“横过，穿过”，前者across表示从某物的表面“横过”，而后者则指在里面或在空间范围内“穿过”。

如：I draw a line the page. 我在那一页上面画了一条线。

Unit2知识点和考点2021-2022学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8B Unit2 TravellingⅠ概况Ⅱ详细讲解1.旅游胜地。

本单元的主题是旅游，因此了解一些著名的旅游胜地以及其所在的国家是必要【2020年五中】I will go on a trip to the USA to visit ______ this summer holiday.A. the Sydney Opera HouseB. the Little MermaidC. Tower BridgeD. the Statue of Liberty答案DI miss you so much.21.【2022年树中】—Is anything worth seeing in Nanjing?—Yes. Don’t __________ Zhongshan Mountain National Park with lots of cultural relics and natural beauty.A.forgetB. missC. avoidD. prevent答案BWe’re having a fantastic time here.【2022年十二】10. great fun it is to fly kites! fantastic time the children are having!A. What; What aB. What; WhatC. How; How aD. What a; What【答案】A2.It moved at high speed and was really exciting.（1）speed的基本含义作名词，意思是速度（2）speed的核心考点，考察speed的固定搭配at a/the speed of，以...样的速度，介词用at，speed前用冠词。

而搭配at high speed中没有冠词。

2. The train is running the speed of 200 kilometers per hour.A. withB. atC. inD. for答案B3.We were screaming and laughing through the ride.（1）through的基本含义作介词，意思是从头到尾，自始至终（2）through的核心考点考察through与across、since、for的词义区分。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit2 Reading2 课件

A. have gone to; have been to B. went to; have been C. have been to; have gone to D. went to; have been to 2. Mr Li ________ Kunming. He ________ Kunming for three days. A. has been to, has been in B. has gone to, has been in C. has been in, has gone to D. has gone to, has been to
Next, they hurried to a restaurant _t_o__h_a_v_e_a__q_u_i_ck__m__e_a_l. On the way, they met _so__m_e__D_i_s_n_e_y_c_a_r_t_o_o_n_c_h_a__ra_c_t_e_r_s_.
3. We’re having a fantastic time here. have a good/great/wonderful/nice time
= have fun = enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心 have a good time/have fun + doing sth. 做某事很开心 have a difficult time doing sth. 做某事很困难
What did they do at Disneyland?
Later in the afternoon, they sawa_p_a_r_a_d_e_o_f_D_i_sn_e_y_c_h_a_r_a_ct_e_r.s After the parade, they watched _a_4_-_D_f_il_m__.

牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit2教案说课稿

2.编写旅游计划：让学生编写一个自己的旅游计划，并在下一堂课上进行分享。
3.听力练习：布置一些听力材料，让学生在家中练习，提高听力能力。
作业的目的是巩固学生对课堂内容的理解和记忆，同时培养他们的独立学习和语言应用能力。
五、板书设计与教学反思
（一）板书设计
我的板书设计注重布局合理、内容清晰和风格简洁。板书布局分为三个部分：标题区、内容区和总结区。标题区位于黑板顶部，清晰地标明课程主题；内容区用于展示本节课的主要知识点，如关键词汇、句型和语法点；总结区位于黑板底部，用于概括本节课的重点和难点。
2.语法应用困难：学生可能在一般将来时态的应用上遇到困难。
3.听力挑战：听力材料中的语速、方言或背景噪音可能对学生造成理解上的挑战。
4.口语表达障碍：学生在口语表达时可能会因为紧张或缺乏自信而遇到障碍。
（三）学习动机
为了激发学生的学习兴趣和动机，我将采取以下策略或活动：
1.真实情景模拟：通过模拟真实的旅游场景，让学生在实际语境中使用英语，提高他们的学习兴趣。
（二）学习障碍
学生在学习本节课之前可能具备以下前置知识汇，了解一般将来时态。
2.技能：学生应该具备一定的听力理解和口语表达能力，能够进行简单的英语对话。
可能存在的学习障碍包括：
1.词汇量不足：学生可能在描述旅游计划时遇到词汇量不足的问题。
1.单词拼写游戏：通过拼写比赛或单词接龙游戏，巩固新词汇的记忆。
2.对话练习：学生分组进行对话练习，模拟真实的旅游咨询场景。
3.小组讨论：让学生讨论并制定一个假的旅游计划，鼓励他们使用所学的语言知识。
4.角色扮演：学生扮演旅行社工作人员，为其他同学提供旅游咨询服务。
（四）总结反馈
在总结反馈阶段，我将采取以下方式引导学生自我评价并提供有效的反馈：

2020年春牛津译林版英语八年级下册— Unit2知识点梳理

Unit 2 Travelling2.1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1. fantasticadj.意为“极好的，美妙的”。

have a fantastic time＝have a good/great/wonderful time玩得开心。

fantasy n．幻想，想象。

2. such det.& pron.such意为“这样的（人或物）”，常用于以下结构：such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数。

如：This is such a big house.这是一座如此大的房子。

such+adj.+可数名词复数。

如：They are such kind girls.她们是如此好心的女孩。

such+adj.+不可数名词。

如：It is such sad music.它是如此悲伤的音乐。

【辨析】so常用于以下结构：so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数。

如：so clever a boy如此聪明的一个男孩so+adj.／adv.。

如：so clever如此聪明；so quickly如此迅速so many/much/few/little+n．。

如：so many mistakes如此多的错误3. couple n．意为“两人，两件事物，几个人”。

a couple of…一对，几个，几件。

I saw a couple of men get out我看见有两个男人出去了。

We went there a couple of years ago.我们几年前去过那儿。

4. --- Hey, Eddie．Where are you going? 嘿，埃迪。

你要去哪儿？---I'm going to South Hill for my holiday．我要去南山度假。

这两句都表示将要做某事，一般用将来时态，但因为句中的动词是go，所以可用现在进行时表示将来的概念。

译林版英语八下_Unit 1-2 综合练习

Unit1-2综合练习2022-2023学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册一、单项选择1．—When did your parents ______?—They ______ for 20 years.A．marry; got married B．marry; have got marriedC．get married; have got married D．get married; have been married2．—It’s useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.—Yes, it’s a way of_________ for them.A．meaning B．vacation C．instruction D．communication 3．—Mom, may I add some more sugar to the soup?—No way. Too much ________ food is bad for your teeth.A．delicious B．healthy C．traditional D．sweet4．More and more people in Qingdao go to work _________subway now.A．with B．on C．in D．by5．—My brother often takes my school things without asking me. I'm angry with him.—It's not a big ________. You can tell him to ask you first next time.A．decision B．relation C．deal D．situation6．My grandparents lived in the town ________ 1996.A．since B．for C．till D．at7．—Now please __________ John to us.—OK. John looks very serious, but he always has a sense of humour when he talks.A．pass B．introduce C．present D．raise8．There are many kinds of fruits, ________ apples, grapes, bananas, and so on.A．for example B．such as C．just as D．such that9．—I know Old Joe lives ________.—We should visit him from time to time. Then he won’t feel ________.A．alone ; alone B．lonely ; lonely C．lonely ; alone D．alone ; lonely 10．He gave us ________ good advice that ________ people disagreed.A．such a ; a few B．such; few C．so; a few D．so; few二、完形填空The fast speed of modern travel makes the other countries be reached quickly and easily now. Even though the countries in the world now seem ____11____, their cultures are different. It’s important for us to ____12____ more in order to get on well with the local (当地的) people. The following are some ____13____ rules that will make your trip more enjoyable.Never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. If you don’t know the word for something ___14___the local language, try to draw a picture or point to the thing. Before you travel, you can also learn some ____15____ of the local language, such as words for “please”, “thank you”, “may I” and so on.Learn the culture of the country you plan to visit and read ____16____ the rules related to clothing. You can bring some clothes such as shirts or T-shirts that cover your shoulders, and long trousers.Avoid topics that you think may be ____17____. Feel free to show interest in the history and customs of the place that you are visiting. Please don’t ask questions about ____18____ things are done in a certain way, because you may make the local people unhappy.If you wish to take a ____19____, do some researches. The idea of the perfect gift is different greatly _____20_____country to country. One of the easiest ways to make someone angry is to give the wrong gift.11．A．farther B．closer C．bigger D．smaller 12．A．change B．protect C．learn D．find 13．A．clear B．wrong C．unusual D．basic14．A．in B．to C．with D．on 15．A．stories B．greetings C．subjects D．habits 16．A．about B．after C．over D．before17．A．modern B．honest C．polite D．personal 18．A．which B．what C．why D．where19．A．gift B．box C．camera D．clock20．A．up B．by C．between D．from三、阅读单选AI’m Rory Blake. My family is travelling in London now. And I live on a houseboat (游艇) with my family. Now the boat is staying on the River Thames. We use it to travel and at the same time, it is our “hotel”.People may think that houseboats are simple, but we have everything—two bedrooms, a living room and a kitchen. There’s even a “garden” on the roof of the boat. We grow many vegetables up there.Our houseboat is usually in the center of London. It’s a cool place to keep the boat—we’re near some famous museums and a good library, and the view is amazing.The only problem is the ________. When it’s windy, the boat goes up and down! Also, the boat needs painting every year. In fact, my dad and his friend are painting it now.When visitors come here, they walk into our living room first. It’s a bright room as the sun can shine in through the window. You can find a big TV, a sofa, two beautiful paintings and many other things in it.The kitchen is my favorite room. My mom is making dinner there now. We’re going to eat in our “garden”, on the roof!根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。

牛津译林版英语八下Unit2《Travelling》说课稿

牛津译林版英语八下Unit 2《Travelling》说课稿一. 教材分析牛津译林版英语八下Unit 2《Travelling》主要讲述了关于旅行的相关话题。

本单元通过介绍不同类型的旅行方式、旅行计划、旅行中的注意事项等，帮助学生掌握与旅行相关的词汇和表达方式，提高学生的听说读写能力。

教材内容丰富，贴近学生生活，有利于激发学生的学习兴趣。

二. 学情分析八年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，对于日常生活中的基本表达已经能够熟练运用。

但是，对于一些关于旅行的专业词汇和表达方式可能较为陌生。

因此，在教学过程中，需要关注学生的个体差异，针对不同学生的学习需求进行引导和帮助。

三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握与旅行相关的词汇和表达方式，如旅行方式、旅行计划、旅行注意事项等。

2.能力目标：学生能够听懂、会说、会读、会写关于旅行的句子，提高学生的听说读写能力。

3.情感目标：通过本单元的学习，学生能够培养对旅行的兴趣，提高对英语学习的热情。

四. 说教学重难点1.重点：学生能够掌握与旅行相关的词汇和表达方式。

2.难点：学生能够运用所学的词汇和表达方式进行实际交流，编写关于旅行的短文。

五. 说教学方法与手段1.交际法：通过模拟真实场景，让学生在实际交流中运用所学知识。

2.任务型教学法：通过完成各种任务，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学生的参与度。

3.多媒体辅助教学：利用多媒体课件、图片、视频等丰富教学手段，提高学生的学习兴趣。

六. 说教学过程1.导入：以一段关于旅行的视频导入，激发学生的学习兴趣。

2.新课呈现：通过展示图片、实物等，引入本节课的主题，引导学生学习相关词汇和表达方式。

3.课堂练习：设计不同类型的练习，让学生在实际交流中运用所学知识。

4.小组活动：学生分组进行讨论，分享各自的旅行经历，促进学生之间的交流。

5.课堂小结：对本节课所学内容进行总结，帮助学生巩固记忆。

6.课后作业：布置相关任务，让学生课后进行练习，巩固所学知识。

牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1 Past and present Reading2同步练习(有答案)

牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1 Past and present Reading2同步课时练习一、根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。

1. I've been in this city _______（自······以来）I was born.2. -What's on TV?-The famous reporter is having an _______（采访）with a famous actor.3. My friends Lucy and Tom will get _______（结婚的）next month.4. -We should be more independent in order to meet the needs of our _______（现代化的）life. -I think so.5. -Where are you? I can't see you here at the theatre.-I'm coming. I'm just one _______（街区）away.二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. If more people give up driving cars, the air will get much _______（clean) in the future.2. Scientists think life on Mars will be better than that on the Earth in many _______（way).3. It seems _______（possible) for the Spring Festival Gala to satisfy all 1.4 billion Chinese.4. When his wife and two little children left him, he was very _______（alone).5. _______（luck), he got what he wanted.三、从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。

2020年牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit2 travelling优质课课件(共25张PPT)

True or false?
1. Sandy liked the Hello Kitty
apple pie best.
T
2. The Hello Kitty biscuits and
a fast-food restaurant
sweets were so lovely that she
wanted to eat them.
see Sleeping Beauty Castle
meet many Disney characters and take photos with them
see a parade of Disney characters
Performers : wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singing and dancing all the way
3 What did they see at the entrance? 4 Why couldn't Kitty stop takinTghepwhhoalteofsouwntiatihn.
Disney characters?
Because they all looked nice
5 What waansd ctuhtee. best part of the day?
It moved at high speed and we were screaming and laughing through the whole ride.
I met many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty

江苏专版牛津译林八年级下册Unit-2-知识点复习总结

江苏专版牛津译林八年级下册U n i t-2-知识点复习总结work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR江苏专版译林八下U2知识点总结1.Can I join you? 我能加入你吗?解析：join, 动词，意为“加入;参加”，表示加入某一组织、党派、社会团体或某一人群中，成为其成员。

join后常跟club, army, team, group等或表示人称代词宾格的单词。

如: He is too young to join the army.他太年轻了，还不能参军。

We are having supper now. Would you like to join us?我们正在吃晚饭。

你想加入我们吗?如: She joined the Young Pioneers.她加入了少先队。

Come and join in the ball game, Jack.杰克,来参加球赛。

We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

注意：take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词,但part前若有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。

如: Lincoln took an active part in politics and was strongly against slavery.林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制度。

2.I don't think it'll be a holiday for me.我想对我而言这不会是什么假期了。

解析：此句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，I don't think是主句，it'll be a holiday for me是宾语从句。

在“I/We think +宾语从句”的结构中，如果后面的宾语从句是否定句，否定词要前移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式，结构为“I/Wedon't think十宾语从句”。

2022年牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present教案

Unit 1 Past and present教案总课题8B Unit 1 Past and present 总课时8 第1 课时课题Welcome to the unit 课型New教学目标1 To introduce the present perfect tense generally.2 To introduce the different forms of transport at different times in Hong Kong.教学重难点1.To introduce the present perfect tense generally.2 To introduce the different forms of transport at different times in Hong Kong.学法指导task-centered approach教具准备课件教学步骤二次备课Step 1: Free talkIn the past, Hobo and Eddie weregood friends. But now somethinghappens between them. Do you wantto know what’s wrong with them?Step 2: PresentationRead the dialogue, and find out the answers to the followingquestions.1)What was in the bowl an hour ago?2) What did Eddie do?3) Why did he do that thing?4) Why does Hobo think Eddie has changed?Explaining the new tense :the present perfect tenseEg: 1) Have you seen my food?(see—saw—seen)2)I’ve (I have) eaten it.(eat—ate—eaten)3) We have not seen him for a long time ……4) How has he changed?Let Ss read the dialogue in pairs.Step 3: Presentation1. Show the pictures . Discuss them with the Ss.: What’s the use ofit?Where do you usually see it?Is it a special one? Why?Which transport do you like best?2. Write the correct names under the pictures.Step 4: PracticeFinish part B (Back to the past) & complete the timeline.作业设计1.背诵本课的单词与词组2.预习Reading，完成预习作业教学反思总课题8B Unit 1 Past and present 总课时8 第2课时课题Reading 1 课型New 教学目标1 To grasp some useful expressions2 To infer general meaning from title and context教学重难点The unders tanding of the reading学法指导Task-centered approach教具准备课件教学步骤二次备课Step 1 Free talk .Where is your hometown?Has it changed a lot?Can you tell us something about the changes to your hometown?As you know, I am a teacher now. But five years ago, I was ateacher, too. So I have worked here for 3 years. I think our schoolchanged a lot. Do you think so? Everything has changed a lot?Step2: Presentation.Have you been to Beijing? Now, look at some pictures of it. Witnessgreat changes to it over 100 years. Show pictures.Step 3 Reading A1. Would you like to listen to Mr Chen, Daniel’s grandpa? Play theta pe for Ss 2 times. Answer the following questions.How long has Mr Chen known Sunshine Town?Did Mr Chen live there all the time? Why?Does Mr Chen think the place changed a lot?What are the differences between the past and present?2.Check the answers if they can not answer.3. Explain some difficul t points.4. Ask Ss to read in pairs and try to act it out.Step4: Practice.1.Do the exercise on page 10 B1Match the words on the left with the meanings on the right.2. Finish off the exercises of partB2,3 on P.(T/F).S tep 5 Finish Part D on page 11作业设计1．背诵本课的单词与词组2．完成《课课练》上本课时的作业教学反思总课题8B Unit 1 Past and present总课时8 第 3 课时课题Reading 2课型New教学目标To grasp some useful expressions and understand the new tense-Present perfect tense;To retell the main idea of the text；教学重难点To get more detailed information about the changes to the town and understand the new tense-Present perfect tense.学法指导Task-centered approach教具准备课件教学步骤二次备课Step 1: Pre-checking.Translate the phrasesAsk some students to give us the answers and then correct;Ask themto read together.B.预习交流作业（见学案）小组核对-----集体校对-----质疑交流C.Further understanding the text.Ask and answer.Who is Mr Chen?(He is Daniel's grandpa who lived in Sunshine Town before.)What do you know about Mr Chen?(He got married in 1965.Then he and his wife moved to another flat inthe center of town. Lase Last year, they moved again. Now, he oftenmeets his friends in the park.He feels a bit lonely from time to time.)What was in Sunshine Town in the past?(There was some small restaurants,shops and market stalls. There wasalso a small post office and an old cinema.)How many people lived there in the past?(30,000people.)What is the town centre now?(It's a park. )What does Mr Chen do in the park?(He meets his friends to play cardsand chinese Chinese chess.)Why is there less water pollution than before?(Because thegovernment has took taken action to reduce the pollution. )Step2:PresentationA. Present perfect tense:①概念:动词结构：have/has+动词的过去分词基本用法：表示这个动作发生在不确定的过去时间并对现在有影响。

牛津译林版英语八下_Unit 2 语法知识点写作背默(背诵版)

Unit2语法，知识点，写作背默语法精讲现在完成时(二)1.have/has gone to和have/has been to的用法。

(1)have/has gone to意为“到某地去”,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、二人称作句子的主语。

例如:—Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里?—He England.他去英国了。

(尚未回来)(2)have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”,现在已不在那里了,后可接次数,如once,twice,three times等,表示“去过某地几次”,也可和just,never,ever等连用。

例如:My father Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。

此外,have/has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”,常与表示时间段的状语连用。

例如:I Shanghai for three years.我到上海已有三年了。

2.延续性动词和非延续性动词。

动词按动作发生过程的长短, 分为延续性动词和非延续性动词1. 延续性动词的用法：延续性动词表示的动词是一种可以延续一段时间的动作。

如：learn, work, stand, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live 等。

这一类动词常与表示一段时间的时间词连用。

e.g. 我学习英语已经8 年了。

I English for eight years.2. 非延续性动词的用法非延续性动词表示的动作不能延续, 即动作发生立即结束。

如：leave, start, set out, arrive, reach, get to, begin, stop, shut, turn off, marry, put, put on, get up, wake, fall, join, finish, end, become, come, go, die, close, open, break, give, jump, buy, borrow 等。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1-2Grammar现在完成时课件

■ Has he/ she watched this cartoon film? Yes, he/she has. No, he/she hasn’t.
Eddie has eaten my food.
埃迪吃了我的食物。
Eddie ate my food and now Hobo has nothing to eat.
（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）
Language points
一、现在完成时的含义
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(句中）, already(句中，句末）, before(句末）, yet（句末）, never（句中）, ever（句中） ,recently(句末)等状语连用。例如：
(B) 不规则动词的过去分词 (Page122)
原形过去式过去分词原形过去式过去分词
do did done go went gone see saw seen buy bought bought put put put build built built
eat ate eaten find found found forget forgot forgotten come came come cut cut cut write wrote written
Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born. 埃迪自从出生以来，一直和米莉住在一起。
（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）
Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. 埃迪已经和米莉居住在一起四年了。

牛津译林版八年级英语全册语法知识点总结

⽜津译林版⼋年级英语全册语法知识点总结8A语法Unit 1 Friends形容词⽐较级和最⾼级的变化规则1.规则变化:(1)⼀般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest )(2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest)(3)以辅⾳字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest)(4)以重读闭⾳节结尾的形容词双写辅⾳字母+er, est 熟记：⼤（big)热（hot）天,⼀个穿红（red）⾐浑⾝湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）⼦想要变得⼜瘦（thin）⼜苗条（slim）2.不规则变化(1)good(well)-better-best(2) many(much)-more-most(3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst(4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest)(5) little-less-least(6) few-fewer-fewest3.多⾳节的形容词⽐较级和最⾼级在词前加more , mostdelicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular注意: 1 形容词的最⾼级前必须有the, ⽽副词的最⾼级前the 可省略2.⽐较级前常⽤a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表⽰程度.3.形容词⽐较级⽤来⽐较两者(⼈或事)句中常有than; 形容词最⾼级⽤来⽐较三者或三者以上(⼈或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表⽰⽐较范围.4. as+adj.+as (和------⼀样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------，不及------)Unit 2 School life⼀、⽐较事物的数量1.many (修饰可数名词）／much (修饰不可数名词）----more ----mostmore + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……⽐……数量多e.g. I have more friends than you.2.few (修饰可数名词) ----fewer----fewestlittle (修饰不可数名词）----less----leastfewer +可数名词复数+ than ……⽐……数量少e.g. There are fewer boys than girls in our class.less + 不可数名词+than ……⽐……数量少e.g. I spend less money on food than my sister.3.the fewest +可数名词复数在……中最少He has the fewest books.4.the least +不可数名词在……中最少She has the least money of us.5.the most + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词最多Daniel has the most money.⼆、副词的⽐较级和最⾼级（构成⽅法及⽤法与形容词基本相同）1.⼀般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest loud-louder-loudest2、部分双⾳节词和多⾳节词分别在原级前加more构成⽐较级和most构成最⾼级，例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly clearly-more clearly-most clearlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully3、副词⽐较级和最⾼级的不规则变化well-better-best badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestUnit 3 A day out⼀、as…as的⽤法表⽰A与B在某⼀⽅⾯程度相同或不同时⽤形容词/副词原级。

八年级英语下册：Unit 2 Travelling知识点复习(译林牛津版)

Unit 2 Travelling词汇部分：1. go on a trip. 相当于have a trip.He is going on a trip to Beijing. 他准备去旅行。

He is having a trip to Beijing.2. fun 用名词表示“享乐”、“娱乐”、“乐趣”，有趣的人或事、开心的事，fun是不可数名词，因此，其前不可以加不定冠词 aIt’s fun to play with water. 玩水是件有趣的事。

Let’s go this way. It’s going to be more fun. 咱们走这边，会更有趣。

We have a lot of fun at the party. 晚会上我们玩得很开心。

3. take sb out 带某人出去take sb to the park. 带某人去公园4. excited/ exciting. 都是形容词，其中excited 通常修饰人、描述人的感受。

exciting 通常描述事物（或消息）的特征。

例如：The film is very exciting. 电影很令人激动。

We are excited at the news. 我们对这些消息感到很激动。

英语中像这样的形容词很多，如：surprised interested movedsurprising interesting moving5. go hiking/ go skiing 去徒步旅行/ 去滑水。

go skating 去滑冰go swimming 去游泳go shopping 去购物6. as soon as 一……就……I went shopping as soon as I arrived . 我一到就去购物。

You will see the beautiful view as soon as you get there. 你一到那儿就会看见美丽的风景。

2020-2021学年牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1-2单元综合提优练习(含答案)

牛津译林版8BUnit1-2单元综合提优复习一、单项选择1. Rome, _______ capital of Italy, is_______ country with a long history.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. /; the2. ---It’s said that two years____ since the old man _____. ---I’m sorry to hear that.A. has passed, has deadB. has passed, diedC. have passed, diedD. have passed, has died3. --- She’s just back from work, _______ she ?---__________.She’s cooking supper in the kitchen.A. hasn’t , YesB. isn’t , NoC. has , NoD. isn’t , Yes4. ---When did you ____ the new computer? ---Well, I____it for half a year.A. have, have boughtB. buy, have hadC. buy, have boughtD. have, have had5. ---What changes _______ in your lives? ---Our lives have changed _____.A. have there had;a lotB. has there been;a lot ofC. have there been;a lotD. has there had;a lot of6. --- ___ did your uncle leave his hometown? --- He ___ for nearly twenty years.A. When; has leftB. When; has been awayC. How long; has leftD. How long; has been away7. Jack _______ Rose in 2000. That is to say, they ________ for nearly 19 years.A. got married with; have got marriedB. got married to; have marriedC. married; have been marriedD. married to; have been married8. ---Where is your father? ---He ____ to Shanghai. He has ever ____ there twice.A.has gone, goneB. has been, beenC. has gone, beenD. has been, gone9. ---He _______exercise in the park every morning when he was young.---Yes, but now the life he was used to _________ a lot.A. used to, changingB. was used to, has changedC. was used to, changingD. used to, has changed10.Jim has left for Shanghai____. But I don’t think he has got there_____.A. already, yetB. yet, alreadyC. already, alreadyD. yet, yet11.---Have you ____spoken to an Englishman?---No. I have __ spoken to a foreigner.A. never; everB. never; yetC. ever; everD. ever; never12.I ______ my English book was in my school bag but in fact I _______it at home.A. know , forgotB. knew, leftC. thought, leftD. think, forgot13.I’m not ________ thirsty, please give me ________ water.A. a bit of; a littleB. a bit; a little ofC. a little; a bitD. a little; a bit of14.--- She ______. Please be quiet! --- What? It’s seven a.m. I ______for an hour.A. has just fallen asleep; have got upB. has just slept; have got upC. has just fallen asleep; have been upD.has just been asleep; have been up15. --- It’s so cold today. Would you mind my __ the door? --- ____. Do it as you like.A. to close; Not at allB. closing; CertainlyC. closing; Certainly notD. to close; Better not二、完形填空We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually___1___some things.Electricity(电) is one thing that we waste____2__. Lights, TVs,___3__and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them offwhen we do not need them. It__4__less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity is saving money, because we do not have to___5__the electricity we do not use.The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious(宝贵的)，_6__ it shouldn’t be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure___7_ can do this easily if he wants to.__8____big waste is food. My mother__9__cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much__10__. She thought I was right and now __11_ cooks what we can eat.It is not__12___to be wasteful. I find there is a simple__13__of not wasting things. That is to use only what we___14__. Do not touch what we do not need.__15___this way we can stop being wasteful.( )1. A. use B. wash C. waste D. forget .( )2. A. little B. most C. few D. least( )3. A. radios B. apples C. bikes D. doors( )4. A. brings B. costs C. keeps D. takes( )5. A. waste B. save C. pay for D. care for( )6. A. or B. because C. so D. but( )7. A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing( )8. A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other ( )9. A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to ( )10. A. electricity B. water C. food D. money( )11. A. wisely B. only C. mostly D. especially ( )12. A. right B. fine C. bad D. necessary ( )13. A. way B. thing C. plan D. project( )14. A. buy B. need C. bring D. get( )15. A. On B. In C. For D. At三．阅读理解AThere was once a man who couldn’t sleep well because he was afraid that there was a stranger under his bed．He thought that as soon as he went to sleep, the stranger would come out from under the bed and rob him．He was worried that the stranger might even kill him!Every night, after he got into bed，the man had to get up again and looked under the bed．There was never anyone there，but as soon as he got back into bed，he had to get up and looked under the bed again. This went on for hours until at last he fell asleep from exhaustion．The time came for the man to get married．He didn’t tell his wife about his fears but she soon found out because he kept her awake all night．“You must go to a doctor．”she told him．“He will cure you of this silly fear．”The man did as his wife told him．He told the doctor his problem，and the doctor said，“I can cure you，but it will take about two years．You must come and see me twice a week．The fee for each visit will be $ 75．”The next day the man called the doctor and said．“I won’t need to visit you again．I’m cured．”The doctor was surprised．“How?” he asked．“Who cured you?”“My wife cured me，”the man said．“When I told her how much you were going tocharge me，she cut the legs off the bed．”1. When did the man start having his sleeping problem?A. After he got married．B. After he saw the doctor．C. Before he married his wife．D. After he got a new bed．2. What does the underlined word “exhaustion” mean in this story?A. Bad air．B. Medicine．C. Having strong fear．D. Feeling completely tired．3. How much would the doctor charge the man every week?A. $75．B. $175．C. $150D. $300．4. What cured the man?A. Talking to the stranger．B. Having no space under the bed．C. Medicine from the doctor．D. Sleeping with the light on at night．BYou eat to stay fit and keep your body working, right? Then reading is food for your mind and soul. Reading informs you of what’s happening around. Reading encourages you to think and imagine, think out of the box and imagine the impossible. In the past, people just read books, only books. Today, we have books online, which makes reading easy. The web, our new storehouse of information is just a click away. But this in no way has stolen the magic of reading books ,the sound of their pages’ flutter（翻页）and their smell…….You can lie in bed with a book, but with a computer you possibly can’t. No matter how you read, reading is important. Remember those bedtime stories? We read fun facts about animals, plants and the universe. We ask“whys” and “hows”. In books, we find their answers. Children who are introduced to reading at an early age are seen to have a better understanding of phonics (语音学). They master language skills easily, have a richer vocabulary and have greater reading abilities. Children, who grow up reading good books, mostly stand out. The way they think and act is very different from those who have never been introduced to reading. Reading not only adds to their knowledge but also shapes their personalities. Reading has a great influence on one’s life. Teenagers are easily influenced by whatever they read. If inspirational stories and life experiences are read in one’s teens, they can change a person for the better. They stay with him and keep encouraging him to achieve his goals and choose the right against the wrong.The more you read, the more creative and imaginative you will become. Reading develops vocabulary(词汇), improves language skills and sharpens your problem-solving abilities. It leads to a better understanding of self. Reading gives you knowledge, it makes you more confident. The more you read about others’ lives and experiences, a better decision-maker you will become.Reading about the importance of reading should lead you to read more, and more, and more. So choose a book you like and don’t stop reading until you reach the end. And even after that read as much as you can.1. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Teenagers should think and act differently from others.B. Parents should tell their children stories every day.C. Children should start reading at a young age.D. Students should find answers to their questions in books.2. In Paragraph 2 , the writer wants to tell us that ______.A. reading online can’t take the place of reading paper booksB. reading paper books is less interesting than reading onlineC. reading paper books is no longer a pleasure to peopleD. reading online can’t be difficult for people3. What can we infer(推断) from the passage?A. No people read paper books now.B. What children should learn first is phonics.C. What children read may affect their future.D. More practice makes reading easier.4. What’s the best title for the passage?A. What should teenagers read?B. Why is reading important?C. How is reading ability improved?D. When should children start reading?CDo you know any 9-year-olds who have started their own museums? When Theodore Roosevelt(罗斯福) was only nine, he and two of his cousins opened the “Roosevelt Museum of Natural History”. The museum was in Theodore's bedroom. It had a total of 12 specimens(标本). On display were a few seashells, some dead insects and some birds' nests. Young Roosevelt took great pride in his small museum.Born in New York in 1858, Theodore Roosevelt was not always healthy. “I was a sickly, delicate boy，” he once wrote. Roosevelt had a health condition called asthma(哮喘). He often found it hard to breathe. Instead of playing, he observed(观察) nature and then read and wrote about it.Roosevelt's interest in nature sometimes got him into trouble. Once, his mother found several dead mice in the icebox. She ordered him to throw them out. This was indeed “a loss to science”，Roosevelt said later.Because Roosevelt was often sickly as a boy, his body was small and weak. When he was about 12, his father urged him to improve his body. Roosevelt began working out in a gym. He didn't become strong quickly. But he did decide to face life's challenges with a strong spirit. That determination stayed with Roosevelt his whole life. And finally his body did get strong. As an adult, he was an active, healthy person. He enjoyed adventures and loved outdoors.In 1900, at the age of 41, Roosevelt was elected Vice President(副总统). A year later, President McKinley was shot and killed. Roosevelt became the 26th president of the USA. At 42, he was the youngest leader the country had ever had.1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A.Roosevelt's museum had 12 specimens.B.Roosevelt had a small museum as a boy.C.Roosevelt was a brave man.D. Roosevelt had two cousins.2.Which of the following tells about Roosevelt as a boy?A.He liked playing outdoors sports.B.He was interested in observing nature.C.He became the President in 1901.D.He was a healthy person full of energy.3.It can be inferred(推断) that________．A.Roosevelt's mother liked miceB.everyone with asthma is small and weakC.Roosevelt followed his father's adviceD.working out in a gym is a waste of time4.In which book might you find this passage?A.Improving Your Body.B.Living with Asthma.C.Small Museums of Natural History.D.The Childhoods of America's Presidents.四、词汇应用1. When he meets some problems, he always goes to his teacher for __________ help. (直接的)2. She has put away our __________ presents and then treated them warmly.(亲戚)3. In some ways, we have been used to a lot of _________ in our daily life. (污染)4. We should pay much attention to the ____________ education. (初级的)5. Local people have got used to the polluted ____________ already. (环境)6. Finally the Frenchman decided to leave the island because of ________. (lonely)7. The students have been used to ________ the books to the library on time. (return)8. This school is a good place for us to prepare ____________(we) for the future.9. Everybody watched the parade of Disney characters __________on Saturday afternoon. (excite)10. The old man has many important things to do, such as _________ the volunteers. (interview)五．翻译句子1. 在过去的二十年中，扬州发生了很大的变化。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1s-2知识点归纳总结

牛津译林版八年级英语下册8B Unit 1知识点归纳一.(1)易错单词及重点单词.passed\ past; present\ parent; wife\ wives; realize; reduce; alone\ along; century;developed\ developing\ development; feel\ fall(2)复数：life—lives; wife—wives; knife—knives; loaf—loaves; leaf—leaves; shelf—shelves;wolf—wolves; thief—thieves(3)过去式, 过去分词：throw—threw—thrown; sew—sewed—sewn; blow—blew—blown; fall—fell-fallen;fell—felt—felt;二.重要单词用法.1.past: 1) n. in the past过去时; 2) adj. in the past few years现在完成时;3) prep. half past one4) adv. walk past sp.--- He was the first to pass the finishing line.He passed the finishing line.He was first past the finishing line.2.present: (n) the past, the present（现在）and the futureat present= right now= at the momentpresent= gift礼物present: (v) --- presentation (n) the presentation of cup and medalspresent sb with sth.--- sb be presented with sth.3.since: (prep) :自---以来; 既然:since 1984 ; since 3 years agosince＋过去的时间\过去的状语从句\ 一段时间＋ago--- How long has your uncle lived here? --- Since 1980.\two years ago.(conj)--- He has lived here since he was born.Since（既然）everyone is here , let’s begin the meeti ng.4.south (n)--- southern (adj) north--- northerneast—eastern west--- westernsouth\ north\ east\ west of--- The zoo is (to the ) north of the station.in the south of--- : Guangzhou is in the south of China.to the south of--- : Wuxi is(to the) south of Taizhou.on the south of--- : Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.5.till\ until: (prep) until midnight; at midnight--- The restaurant is open until midnight.(conj) She waited until her mother came back.Don’t get off the bus until it stops.till\ until (时间)；up to (数字)：直到---not--- until---: 直到---才--- （主将从现）6.marry (v)--- married (adj) --- marriage: (n)marry sb; get married (to---); marry A to B; be married (to---) celebrate their fifteen years of marriage--- They have been married for ten years.They got married two years ago.When did he get married?--------------- marry her?----------------get married to her?7.wife--- wives (复数)More than one wife is----: 不只一个妻子---(谓语动词用单数)8.turn (v)--- turning (n)拐角处take turns to do sth.; It’s one’s turn to do sth.turn to page 5 ; turn red\ greenturn right at the first crossing= take the first turning on the righte:\z\ ( v). --- use:\s\ (n.) --- useful\ useless: \s\ (adj)be in use= be in service ---- The railway station has been in service since 2002. use---to do-- --- We use wood to make paper.sth. be used to do --- Wood is used to make paper.use--- for doing --- We use wood for making paper.sth. be used for doing --- Wood is used for making paper.be\get used to doing: 习惯于做---used to do sth: 过去常常做某事--- My grandpa used to read newspapers after supper,but now he is used to going walking.10.waste: (n) a waste of time(浪费时间)；talk to him is a waste of timedump its waste into the river11.pollute: (v)--- pollution: (n)---polluted:( adj)pollute the river; polluted water; water\ air\ noise\light pollutiontake action to reduce the pollution12.open: (v)--- open: (adj) have\has been openclose: (v)--- closed: (adj) have\has been closedopen\ close the door; keep the door open\ closed--- The factory opened five years ago.--- The factory has been open for five years.13. (1) a little a little\ a bit\ a little bit hungry｛a bit ｝＋原级\比较级----------------------------easiera little bit(2) a bit of ＋不可数名词= a little---: a little\ a bit of water(3) not --- a bit= not at all: 一点儿也不（4）not--- a little= very: 非常14.lonely: (adj) 作表语\定语alone: (adv) 作表语\状语alone= on one’s own= by oneselffeel lonely; a lonely house; be alone; live alone--- He lives alone in a lonely house, but he doesn’t feel lonely.15.interview sb= have an interview with sb.16.luck: (n)--- lucky: (adj) --- luckily: (adv)---luckier—luckiest ---more luckily\ the most luckily good luck\ bad luck; wish you good luck; good luck to sb with sth.--- Luckily, he was not badly hurt.17.from time to time= at times= sometimes: 有时候at all times= all the time: 总是，一直18.用于现在完成时的词：ever\ never\ just\ before\ already\ yet\ since\ recently\over (in) the past(last) few years19.(1)develop (v): 培养develop the habit of doing---；develop the plants that can grow on Mars(2)developed (adj):发达的---- America is a developed country;less developed:欠发达的(3)developing (adj)发展中的---- China is a developing country(4)development (n) --- with the development of ---20.lend--- lent--- lentlend sb sth= lend sth to sb.borrow sth from sb--- You can borrow any book from the library, but you can’t lend it to others.21.relax: (v)--- relaxed : (adj)relaxing: 令人放松的--- The relaxing music makes me relaxed. 22.feel: (v)--- feeling: (n)feel—felt—felt; fall—fell—fallenhave the same feeling; create a feeling of harmonyfeel relaxed; hurt one’s feelings23. advantage – disadvantage (可数)the advantages of doing sth.24. recent adj.(指时间) in the recent photo(近照)recently adv.25. realize:(v)实现\意识到---realistic:(adj)现实的realize the importance of doing sth.realize one’s mistakeseg: I realized my dream.= My dream has been realized.=My dream has come true.26. with the development of science and technology:随着科学技术的发展27. Fathe r’s Day父亲节; Parent s’ meeting家长会:28. in:表示在内部；on:表示接壤；to:表示不包含不接壤29. What problems do they have to solve (solve)?---------------------------------- solving (solve）---?复习Page 8-11 , Page 21-22三.重点短语及句型.下象棋: play Chinese chess 在不同时代: at different times空地: open space 结婚:get married在某些方面:in some ways 在小学:be in primary school下棋: play chess 在---的南部:in the southern part of--- 变化很大:change a lot 时常，偶尔:from time to time单独:be alone=all by oneself 带来很多好处:bring many advantages 投入使用:be in service\use 过着现代化的生活:live a modern life 有同感:have the same feeling 引起许多问题:cause many problems 采取措施减少污染: take action to reduce the pollution变成一个新名胜:become a new interesting place将这个地方变成公园:turn the place into a park出国深造:go abroad for further study\education.四.词汇短语.1.marry: (vt\vi) marry sb; get married (to sb---);be married (to sb--); marry A to B ----He and she have got married.Jane’s going to marry John.He is married to a famous writer.2.turn: turn--- (from A ) into B--- Water turns into ice when it freezes.Now the school has turned into\become a supermarket.3.miss : (1) The post office is 100 metres along this road, you can’t miss it.(2）miss a meeting\ a class\ the train\ the chance＋to do sth.错过做---的机会(3)miss sb. miss sb very muchmiss doing sth= fail to do sth. 错过做---4.please : (v) pleased：（adj）指人pleasant: (adj)指物pleasure: (n)be pleased to do；be｛pleased\satisfied\ happy｝with ：对---满意sth please sb: 某物使人高兴---The news pleased us.\ made us pleased.---1) Thank you for your help. ---It’s a\my pleasure不用谢---2) Can you help me? ---With pleasure.很乐意---3) What pleasant weather it is!---4) (It is ＋adj＋to do sth.)It’s pleasant to do sth.= It’s a pleasure to do sth.5.pollute (v) –-- We must stop the｛river from being polluted.pollution to live a happy life.（表目的）pollution (n)--- air\ noise\ water pollution6.lonely\ alonea lonely village---He is alone, but he never feels lonely.Her mother doesn’t allow her to go out alone.7.although: (conj)--- Although he said they were married, I’m sure they aren’t.（注：although 不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用）--- Although he was only ten, (yet) he knew a lot.8.change :1)(n) a physical change:物理变化； a chemical change:化学变化2)(v) Our city has changed a lot.9.surprised: (adj) --- We’re all surprised to hear the news.surprising: (adj) --- a surprising result--- He was surprised at the surprising news.surprise: (v) . --- What he said surprised me.= made me surprised.surprise: (n) --- in surprise; in fear; in dangerto one’s surprise\ fear\ joy\ happiness\ sadness10.feeling: (n) a feeling of hunger\ joy\ danger---have no feeling of othersfeelings:(复数) hurt one’s feelings.11.cause: 1)vt. （cause sb to do sth. 使某人做---）--- The cold weather caused the plants to die.She’s always causing trouble\make trouble for people.My car has caused me a lot of trouble.2)n.原因the cause of stress（原因）= the reason for sth（理由）.;五．句型：1. not---any more--- I don’t want to play with y ou any more.--- People often ask me to spell my name and now I don’t want to spell my name any more2.I have known it since I was very young.I have heard of Liu Huan since I was very young.3.It ＋be＋adj ＋(for sb) to do sth.--- It has become very difficult to see my old friends.--- It’s nice to have open space and pretty gardens.--- It’s good to drink a cup of water after you get up in the morning.4 .I’m happy that my mother has free time in the morning now.I’m happy that you have c ome.5.It used to be the home of many wild animals.He used to be a history teacher.He used to live in the country（农村）.There used to be a park near our school.六．写作.以The changes to my hometown为题写一篇短文.提示：1.对家乡的过去作简单2.谈谈家乡现在的变化3.畅想家乡的未来8B Unit2一.单词.symbol fantastic include:(v) including:(prep) speed excitement harm experience meaningful abroad endless二.短语.1.bring---with---: （反）take--- with---; carry --- with--2.go hiking; go jogging:慢跑（jog—jogged—jogged—jogging）3.see the beautiful view4.at the entrance to sp.5.at high speed:高速; at low speed:低速; at top speed:疾速;at full speed:全速at the speed of---:以---速度：6.through the whole ride7.such as8.in all总共9.scream with excitement10.all year round11.a meaningful experience12.travel abroad13.be excited about---14.have a bird’s-eye view of:鸟瞰15.cultural centre:文化中心三.句型.1. go on a trip to sp. go on holiday go to Japan for a holiday2. It must be fun.3. Can I join you?4. can’t stop doing:忍不住做---5. What do you think was the best part of that day?6. some time一段时间sometime某时some times几次sometimes有时侯四.复习单词表.（一）容易错的单词及重点单词：fantastic performer magic harmful\less hopeless endless conference(会议) (have a conference) culture marriage motorcycle experience meaningful(二) 重要单词的用法：1.symbol: (n) 象征--- The Great Wall is a symbol of China.A dove(鸽子)is a symbol of peace.2.fantastic: (adj) 极好的，美妙的have a fantastic\ great\ good\ nice\ wonderful time (doing sth.)过得愉快= enjoy oneself( in ) doing---3.(1) include: (vt) 包括--- Disneyland includes four different parks.(2)including: (prep)包括(常引起一个解释性的短语)(---, including him and me)--- Zhalong is the home of a lot of plants and animals, including different kinds of birds.4.enter: (vt)=come\go intoentrance :(n) the entrance to sp; the exit from sp.--- How many entrances does the cinema have?Take photos in front of the fountain at the entrance.5.speed: (n) 速度move at high\ full\ low\ top speed; at the speed of------The car goes\moves at a speed of 50 kilometres per hour.Space shuttles travel at half the speed of light.6.ride: (n) (乘车或骑车的)短途旅行Scream and laugh through the whole ride7.excite:--- excited\ exciting: (adj)---excitedly: (adv)--- excitement: (n)--- Are you excited to see the exciting match?--- He screamed excitedly\ with excitement.8.harm: (n)--- harmful\ harmless: (adj)do harm to---= be harmful to---; do no harm to---= be harmless to---does harm to--- Smoking｛is harmful to your health.is bad for--- Don’t be afraid, the snake is harmless.9.(1) endless: (adj) 无尽的--- The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless.I hate his endless talk.(2) ending: (n) 结尾have happy endings--- People don’t like the plays with sad endings.10.noise: (n)---noisy\ noiseless: (adj)--- noisily: (adv)noisy—noisier—noisiest--- The noisy students are making much noise in the classroom noisily.School is over and the whole school is noiseless.11.hope: (v\n)--- hopeful\ hopeless: (adj)--- hopefully: (adv)hope to do sth.; hope ﹢句子e: (v)--- useful\ useless: (adj)a useful suggestion; a useless dictionary13.clap—clapped—clapping: 鼓掌--- The teacher clapped his hands to make the students quiet.14.(1)experience: 经历(可数)--- He often tells me about his experiences as a young man.This is a happy experience I’ll never forget.(2)experience: 经验(不可数)--- He has much experience of teaching English,(3)experienced: (adj) 有经验的have experience in doing sth.\ of sth.an experienced teacher; be experienced in sth\doing15.mean :(v)--- meaning: (n)--- meaningful\ meaningless: (adj)16.marry: (v)--- marriage: (n) ( celebrate one’s fifteen years of marriage ) marry sb= get married to sb,结婚: get married: (瞬间) \ be married: (延续)--- They got married 2 years ago. It means they have been married for years.17.abroad: (adv) go\ travel\ be abroad18.culture: (n) 文化--- cultural: (adj)文化的The cultural centre of HongKongThe history of culture of China19.tie: (v)—tied—tied—tyingtie---to---: 把---绑在---上; tie a tie (n):系领带; wear a tie:戴领带tie it\ them up; tie one’s shoes20.sail: (v)--- sailing: (n) sailor: 水手去航海: go sailing--- Sailing is my favourite sport.五. 重点短语及句型.(1)汉译英1.带某人出去几天:take sb out for a few days2.参观中国园林:visit Chinese gardens3.向游客们挥手:wave to the visitors4.欣赏美丽的风景:enjoy the beautiful views5.观看游行:see the parades6.把所有的东西带在身边:take everything with sb.7.世界之窗:Window of the World8.给我堂弟买纪念品作为礼物:buy some souvenirs for my cousin9.开始计划这次特殊的法国之旅:start to plan the special trip to France10.忍不住拍了很多照片:can’t stop taking a lot of photos11.在我旅行的第二天:on the second day of my trip12.(人排成的)队伍:the line of people 13.下午晚些时候:later in the afternoon (2)重点词组及句型归纳及用法.1. nice and= very 非常--- My house is nice and large.The air today is nice and clean.2. can’t stop doing sth.= can’t help doing sth.: 忍不住做某事-- I couldn’t stop taking photos with them because they all looked so nice and cute.区别: 1) 迫不及待做某事: can’t wait to do sth.2) 等不及---: can’t wait for sth.3.Where are you going? --- I’m going on a trip to South Hill.4.It must be fun. Can I join you?5.I don’t think it’l l be a holiday for me.6.｛such as: 用来列举同类中的人或物, 后跟名词或名词短语for example: 用来列举整体中的一个例子.---I like many sports, such as running, swimming, playing basketball and so on.Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution as well.7.疑问词﹢do you think ﹢陈述句语序?--- What do you think makes\ made him so sad?When do you think he bought a computer last year?What do you think was the best part of that day?8.seem(好象\似乎): 三种用法(1)seem﹢adj: (系表结构) (2)seem to do sth. (3)It seems (that) ﹢从句--- He seems angry.= He seems to be angry.= It seems (that) he is angry.--- It seems (that) he hasn’t come back yet.9.｛some time: 一段时间sometimes: 有时候sometime: 在某个时候some times: 几次--- I haven’t seen him for some timeHe’ll come to see me some time next time.He has played the computer games some times\ a few times.He sometimes plays the computer games.10.Spring is the best time｛for visiting Chinese gardens.to visit Chinese gardens.11.Do you have many ideas about what to do for May Day holiday?12.I hope to meet him there during this May Day holiday.13.all year round: 一年到头, 终年= the whole year--- We can go to the shopping centres in Shanghai all year round.14.可能有: there may be--- 一定有: there must be------ My watch doesn’t work. There may be something wrong with it.= Maybe\ Perhaps there is something wrong with my watch.--- The light in the classroom is on. There must be someone in it, isn’t there?15.in any season:在任何季节; at any time:在任何时候16.The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the parksinging and dancing all the way.17.The children clapped and screamed with joy when they saw their favourite characters.18.It was really wonderful to have a bir d’s-eye view of Hong Kong.19.Hong Kong is a modern city of all tall buildings with lights shining in the evening.20.The day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived.21.The castle looked shiny and beautiful under the fireworks.22.I can check it for you when I talk with your dad.23.It was fun to see so many elephants marching down the street.It’s fun to do sth; sb have\has fun doing24.some day: 将来有一天.25.Some of the souvenirs are in Chinese style.六. 语法: 现在完成时.1.现在完成时表示: 过去已经发生的动作, 行为或情况对现在的影响或造成的结果.时态特征有: just; already; still; recently; yet; ever; never,其中:just; already 用于肯定句yet; ever; never常用于疑问和否定句still; recently 三种句式都可以2.现在完成时: 表示从过去就开始一直延续到现在的行为, 动作和情况.常用的时态特征有: (1)for ﹢时间段; (2)since﹢时间点; (3)so far; (4)by now; (5)until now; (5) in\ during\ over the past\ last ﹢时间段; (6) over ﹢时间段. over the last\past century此类句子中, 谓语要用延续性动词, 不可用短暂性动词.3. ( 短暂性动词) (延续性动词)buy------------------------------ haveborrow\ lend- -- ---------------------- keepcome back\go back \return--------------------be backget to\ reach\ arrive at(in)\ come to\ go to------be inleave----------------------------- be awayleave sp.---------------------- be away from sp.join﹢组织\团体--------------- be in﹢组织\团体; be a member ofbecome---------------------------- bemove to ------------------------ be in\ live inget up ----------------------------- be upgo out ----------------------------- be outcatch a cold ------------------------- have a coldbegin------------------------------ be ondie--------------------------------- be deadget married (to sb)------------------ be married (to sb)get to know ---------------------- knowfall asleep ------------------------ be asleepwake up ---------------------------be awakeopen --------------------------- be openclose -------------------------- be closedbegin\ start to do sth ------------------ do sthhear from sb\ receive (get) a letter from sb-------- have a letter from sbstop\ end------------------------------ be over(注：get to do sth: 能做---)eg: (1) 我是两年前在这个学校学习的.--- I began to study in this school two years ago.= I have studied in this school for two years.｛since two years ago.(2) 这家商店已经开了五年了.--- The shop has been open for five years.= It is five years since the shop opened.= Five years has passed since the shop opened.(3) 判断下列句子的正误.Kitty has left Beijing for two days. ( ×)Kitty left Beijing two days ago. ( √ )Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days. ( √ )Kitty has bought the purse since last year. ( ×)Kitty bought the purse a year ago. ( √ )Kitty has had the purse for a year. ( √ ).归纳: 在现在完成时里, 延续性动词和for, since引导的一段时间连用, 表示过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在的情况;在一般过去时中, 短暂性动词和ago 连用, 表示过去某一时间发生的动作, 与现在没有什么联系.4. 区别: have\ has been to sp 与have\ has gone to sp.(1)have\has been to sp:去某处已回来(曾经去过但现在不在那里)(2)have\has gone to sp:去某处未回来(人可能在去的途中,也可能已经到达)Eg: 1. 我去过北京两次.--- I have been to Beijing twice.2. 你父亲在哪? 他去北京了.--- Where is your father? He has gone to Beijing.3. 你上哪里去了? 我去图书馆的.--- Where have you been? I have been to the library.4. 李平去哪了? 他去了邮局.--- Where has Li Ping gone? He has gone to the post office.5. 我们以前从未去过那里.--- We have never been there before.5. 区别与: have\has been in (at) sp.(1)他去上海一个星期了. He has been in Shanghai for a week.(2)你来这个学校多久了? How long have you been at this school?(3)他来这儿有多长时间了? How long has he been here?6. there be 的现在完成时:There have been ﹢复数; There has been ﹢单数Eg: (1) There has been a shop in front of our school.(2) There have been great changes in Taixing in the last 10 years.7. 归纳重点句型.(1)I’ve been there many times. (2)I hear you’ve been to Tailand.(3)I’ve been here in Hong Kong for two days. (4)Millie has been to South Hill many times.(5)Daniel and Sandy have never been to South Hill.(6)Kitty has gone to Hong Kong with her family.(7)Millie has been away from Beijing for two days.(8)Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year.七. Writing.以: My best holiday为题, 写一篇短文.提示: 详细描述旅游地点, 经历和感受.。

牛津译林版八下u1单词

牛津译林版八下u1单词
牛津译林版八年级下册u1单词
Unit 1
past过去
present现在，目前
just刚才
used to(用于过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经since自…以来
ever曾经
northern北方的，北部的
married已婚的，结婚的
wife (pl.wives)妻子
block街区
since自…以来
over在…期间
turn…into…把…变成…
pollution污染；污染物
factory工厂
waste废料；废品
realize(=realise)意识到；实现
improve改进，改善
situation形势，情况
in some ways在某种程度上impossible不可能的
before以前，过去
lonely孤独的，寂寞的
from time to time不时，有时，偶尔anyway尽管，即使这样
husband丈夫
interview采访；会见
all one's life一生
yet还，仍
recently近来，最近
past过去的
environment 环境
transport交通车辆，运输工具condition环境，条件，状况
return返回
last最近，上一次；最后
abroad 到(在)国外
primary小学教育的；初级的
keep in touch保持联系communicate交流，交际communication交流，交际
exactly(答语)正是，没错
be/get used to习惯于，适应于narrow狭窄的
open space开阔的空地.。