2018广东省中考英语 阅读题型技巧

技巧4：运用构词法进行猜测
The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu词法：
合成法 转化法 缩略法 混成法
合成法
例词 合成方式 合成动词 oversleep睡过头 underline在下面划线 moonwalk月球行走 合成代词 everybody每个人 anyone任何人 somebody某个人 nothing没有东西 合成介词 outside在......外边 inside在......里边 throughout遍及
Insects with colors different from plants can easily be found and eaten by others. So in order to survive,they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only at night.
1,2段主题句 It is reported that some developed counties have shipped broken parts of computes to China. Such a thing can be founded every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones send from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with is not an easy job …
混成法
breakfast +lunch-brunch早午餐 smoke +fog-smog烟雾 motor + hotel-motel汽车旅馆 news +broadcast- newscast新闻广播
l like English so much.
“假话说多了也成真”
Step 1:主旨题. 文章的主旨大意——主题：
2012 情景语境
What’s the meaning of the underline words “fashion designers” in the passage? A.珠宝设计师 B.发型设计师 C.舞台设计师 D.服装设计师
Fashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new dresses for Barbie.
阅读题型
2014 ) According to this passage, the umbrella was probably first invented in ancient____. A. Egypt . B. Babylon C. Rome D. China
Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century BC.
示范
3段主题句 Many places in China are polluted by ewaste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as”the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5mllion kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in ewaste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.
clean打扫/干净的 close关上/近的 open打开/开 着的 slow变慢/慢的 dry弄干/干的 wrong冤枉/错误的 narrow使变窄/狭窄的 adj.-adv. enough足够的/足够地 hard艰苦的/努力地 late晚的/迟到
缩略法：把原有的词汇缩短，使读音和写法呈现出新的形式
示范
4段主题句 The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn’t do harm to the environment and people’s life. This year, China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer complies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the complies that make computers know best to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in near future.
技巧2：根据定义和释义来推测 She is studying glaucoma，a kind of disease on the eyes. 我们可能猜不出glaucoma的确切词义，但通过后面 的解释可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一种眼睛疾病。
2014) The underlined word royal might mean _____ in Chinese. A.皇室的 B.富裕的 C.中产的 D.平民的
列词 剪切掉原词 Telephone- phone电话 的开始部分 airplane- plane飞机 剪切掉原词 Examination- exam考试 的末尾部分 剪切掉原词 Influenza- flu流感 的两端 剪切掉原词 Year-yr年 foot/ft英尺 的中间部分 Greek-GK希腊
2 推理判断题 1）. What can you conclude from this passage? 你能从文中总结出什么？ 2）. What’s the author’s attitude towards...？ 作者对……的态度是什么？ 3）.We can infer from the passage that＿． 我们可以从文中推出__________。 4） We can guess the writer of the passage may be a _________. 5 ）The writer writes this passage to ____.
1.看文章标题(包括小标题).
2找主题句(常出现在首段或尾段处， 若没有则应结合各段主题句进行归纳)
The passage is mainly about________.
√
A.the way in deal with e-waste B.the cost of burning e-waste C.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste
3.主旨大意题。 1）.What is the main idea of this passage? 本文的主旨是什么？ 2）.What does the passage mainly talk about? 文章主要讲述什么？ 3）.What does the write want to tell us? 作者想要告诉我们什么？ 4）.标题问题：Which is the best title of this article? 文章的最佳标题是哪个？ 4. 词义猜测题
阅读中的猜词技巧
• 阅读理解中不可避免地会遇到一些生词(有 些是熟词生义)，疑难语句。遇到这些问题， 我们可用下面几种方法解决：
技巧1：根据同义词或反义词、因果、转折、情景、语 境来判断 Tom is lazy but his brother is industrious.
刻苦的、勤奋的 2013) What’s the meaning of the underlined word ”survive” in the passage? A. 繁殖 B. 产卵 C. 觅食 D. 生存
转化法:一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。 转化方式
例词
watch手表/观看 hand手/递 book书/预订 dress 连衣裙/穿衣 smell 气味/闻 taste味道/尝 doubt 疑问/怀疑 right右边/对的 light光线/轻的 final决赛/最后的
n.-v. n.-adj. v.-adj.
The umbrella was allowed to be used only by those in high office or by royal people such as the kings or queens.
技巧3：根据常识来推测 Water usually boils at 100 centigrade. 众所周知，水的沸点是100摄氏度，由此不难 判断出centigrade的意思是“摄氏度”。
得阅读与写作者得天下
完形填空 10 读写综合 20
中考比例
62.5%
短文填空 15
阅读理解 30
阅读步骤： 1）扫读全文。 尤其是首尾两段和每一段的首句（主题句），了解大 意, 理解文章的体裁（记叙文、议论文还是说明文）。 2）浏览题干，锁定关键词 3）细读全文，找出与题干和选项有关的句子和段落， 并加以仔细研读。
剪切形式
首字母省略
剪切形式 按首字母拼 读的缩略词 像单词一样 拼读的首字 母缩略词
例词 Very Important Person-VIP Do It Yourself-DIY Acquired immunity deficiency syndrome-AIDS North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNATO北大西洋公约组织 星期、月份 Sun. Mon. Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri. Sat Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.Jun.Jun.Aug.Sept. 缩写词 Oct. Nov. Dec. 符号缩写词 number - No. percent - % for example- e.g. and so on - etc
不可逐字逐句分析。这样会严重影响阅读速度及对整篇 文章的把握。 不要常回视已读部分。这是缺乏信心、患得患失的心理 所致，回视会降低阅读速度和效率。 切不可一遇生词就查词典。 4） 检验答案 答案做完后，回归原文，检查答题有无疏漏，研究 其内在联系和逻辑关系，对照各题目推测判断，确保 无误。
1. 细节理解题 Which of the following is TRUE ( NOT true)? not mentioned? From paragraph …, we know that ______ .
2013. What do the underlined words “UV rays” mean? A. 沙尘 B. 闪电 C. 紫外线 D. 超声波
For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight form UV rays.