主1-5-风云再起-Oracle Database 12c新特性和最佳实践-盖国强
Oracle Database 12c-新特性的设计与开发实现
级联Redo传输 实现高可用容灾
Oracle 性能优化 Extended RAC 高可以环境
• • • •
云和恩墨帮助用户实现从建模开始到容灾设计； 核心SQL开发和SQL审核服务保障应用质量； 实现Extended RAC – 扩展RAC集群实现高客用环境； 实现由建模、SQL开发、审核、容灾的全流程解决方案；
ILM: Automatic Compression & Tiering • Oracle 12c - Automatic Data Optimization
Online Partition Move
• Enables HCC for conventionally loaded data into partitioned table • As partitions age, move to new HCC compressed partition
云和恩
成就
Oracle Extended RAC的读写模式
Third site
Voting disk (NFS or iSCSI)
Redundant public network
Redundant private network
Site A RAC database
DB files (ASM failure group) OCR Voting Disk
云和恩 成就 所托 云和恩墨 墨成就所托
users online;
Oracle 12c :How to Move Online? • Oracle 如何实现的？ • 这其中的复杂性？ • 事实是这样的………
云和恩
成就
Oracle 12c :How to Move Online?
主1-5-风云再起-Oracle Database 12c新特性和最佳实践-盖国强
Oracle 2015: All About Cloud
Integrated
Easy Migra/on
Security
Oracle 2014: All About Cloud
Oracle 12c Designed for the Cloud
By : Andrew Mendelsohn
企业数据架构的痛点-合久必分 分久必合
企业的经历：
• • • • • • • • • • 数据累积 性能衰减 拆分数据表 分割数据库 分布式数据库 异构与迁移 业务驱动的数据库分拆 提升性能 提高稳定性 保障数据安全 降低TCO
企业的目标：
Security
Applica/on Data Integrity
• 类似如下查询可以完全执行 in silicon
SQL:
SELECT count(*) Sojware in Silicon
…WHERE lo_orderdate = d_datekey …AND lo_partkey = 1059538 AND d_year_monthnum BETWEEN 201311 AND 201312;
数据整合与集中从村落走向集约化管理gloeaplegend整合前整合后gloeap12c多租户快速的数据库分分合合gloeapgl2gl1ap1ap2po1popdbs可以从远程cdbs进行克隆通过snapshot进行秒级快速克隆pdbs可以从noncdbs进行克隆12c多租户快速的数据库分分合合createpluggabledatabasenewpdbfromsalespdb云规模操作cloudscaleoperaons敏捷agilitysaassowareasaservice??252pdbspercdb??cpuandiomanagement快速开通和克隆provisioningandcloning插拔数据库unplugplugdatabases??即时saas架构instantsaasarchitecture??无需应用变更noappchangesrequiredrelease121??4096pdbspercdb??内存管理memorymanagement??热克隆和刷新hotcloningandrefresh??在线租户迁移onlinetenantrelocaon??共享应用对象sharedapplicaonobjects??在线租户迁移onlinetenantrelocaonrelease1212c多租户快速的数据库分分合合12c多租户简洁快速的在线切换12c多租户简洁快速的在线切换hotclonelocalundoredoapplyincrementalredoapplicationquiescesourcepdbdrainkilllistenerconnectionforwardingextensionofscantechnology12c多租户简洁快速的在线切换315fasterbackupswith33mesdatagrowth17applicaonsconsolidatedonasinglecontainerdatabase9migratedand8newapplicaons50lessdownmeduringpatchingunplannedoutagessinceproducondbateamdelighted
Oracle数据库12c R2：管理员新特性（第2部分）教程说明书
Oracle University |Contact Us: 20 (0)2 35350254 Oracle Database 12c R2: New Features for Administrators Part 2 Ed 1Duration: 5 DaysWhat you will learnThroughout the lessons of the Oracle Database 12c R2: New Features for Administrators Part 2 course constituted by five modules; the Securing Data module, the Making Data Available module, the Partitioning Data module, the Managing Information Lifecycle module and the Monitoring DB Operations and Managing Performance module, students receive a good knowledge of the Oracle Database 12c Release 2 new and enhanced features in different areas of database administration like Unified Auditing, Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) and other areas of security, Recovery Manager, online operations, Oracle Data Pump, SQL*Loader, new partitioning methods, Automatic Data Optimization, In-Memory Column Store, Full Database In-Memory Caching, and Automatic Big Table Caching.Learn To:Gain an understanding of the new and enhanced features of Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2.0.1) amongst different areas such as security, availability, partitioning, performance, and Information Lifecycle Management (ILM).Benefits To YouBenefit from getting a thorough understanding of the following lessons:The lessons of the Securing Data module cover enhancements in auditing like role based conditional auditing, in privilege administration like new system administrative privilege for RAC, in Privilege Analysis and Data Redaction, in Transparent Sensitive Data Protection with new types of policies for FGA and TDE, and finally also in Transparent Data Encryption (TDE).The lessons of the Making Data Available module cover enhanced features in RMAN like table recovery, transport data across platforms, enhancements related to online operations, and finally ongoing enhancements with Oracle Data Pump, SQL*Loader and external tables.The lesson of the Partitioning Data module covers enhancements and new partitioning methods.The lessons of the Managing Information Lifecycle module introduce Heat Map and Automatic Data Optimization with heat map statistics tracking and ADO policies. The lessons also cover Temporal functionalities such as temporal history and temporal validity. In-Database Archiving provides a new feature, the Row-archival.The lessons of the Monitoring DB Operations and Managing Performance module explain the new features to improve the performance of the databases with SQL Performance Analyzer, DB Replay and SQL Plan Management, and to improve query execution with the Optimizer Statistics Advisor, JOIN processing. You will also learn about In-Memory Database option.A Live Virtual Class (LVC) is exclusively for registered students; unregistered individuals may not view an LVC at anytime. Registered students must view the class from the country listed in the registration form. Unauthorized recording, copying, or transmission of LVC content may not be made.AudienceDatabase AdministratorsEnd UsersSystem AdministratorRelated TrainingRequired PrerequisitesKnowledge of Oracle Database 11g R2Knowledge of Oracle Multitenant Container Database architectureSuggested PrerequisitesOracle Database 12c R2: New Features for Administrators Part 1 Ed 1Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 13c: Install & Upgrade Ed 1Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 13c: Install & Upgrade Ed 2Course ObjectivesManage security by using Unified AuditingManage security by using privileges and profilesManage security by using Privilege AnalysisManage security by using Data RedactionManage security by using Transparent Data EncryptionManage security by using Transparent Sensitive Data EncryptionDescribe the new RMAN enhancementsManage data availability by using new features of Oracle Data Pump, SQL*Loader and external tablesManage data availability by performing online operationsManage data partitioningManage Information Lifecycle by using ADOManage Information Lifecycle by using In-Database Archiving and Temporal featuresDescribe database operationsConfigure and use In-Memory Column StoreUse In-Memory CachingUse Real Application Testing enhancementsCourse TopicsIntroductionGlobal objectives of the courseLessons grouped by modulesSchedule of the weekAuditing Using Unified AuditQuick review of 11g R2 audit trail implementationOverview of the Unified Audit TrailCreating and enabling audit policies for all users to whom the role is granted directlyCapturing VPD (Virtual Private Database) generated predicatesControlling Data Access Using Privileges and ProfilesNew 12.2 administrative privilegesPassword file enhancementsEnhance the security of administrative usersEnforce the associated profile’s password limitsUsing mandatory INHERIT PRIVILEGES privilege to execute invoker's rights procedureUsing mandatory INHERIT PRIVILEGES privilege to select from BEQUEATH current_user views Using new INHERIT (ANY) REMOTE PRIVILEGES privilegeControlling Data Access Using Privilege AnalysisOverview of database privilege analysisGranting the CAPTURE_ADMIN role to enable management of privilege capturesCreating and starting/stopping privilege captures and runsViewing privilege analysis resultQuerying DBA_PRIV_CAPTURESRedacting DataOverview of Oracle Data RedactionTypes of Data Redaction PoliciesNew redaction format library in EM GUIRedaction policy expressionRedacting with Nullify redaction functionEncrypting DataEncrypt / decrypt / rekey tablespaces onlineConfigure automatic tablespace encryptionControlling Data Access Using Transparent Sensitive Data ProtectionConfigure and use TSDP with VPDConfigure and use TSDP with Data RedactionConfigure and use TSDP with Unified AuditingConfigure and use TSDP with Fine-Grained Auditing (FGA)Configure and use TSDP with Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)Making Data Available by Using RMAN FeaturesRMAN enhancementsTransport Data Across PlatformsTable recoveryAutomate the manual recovery process by using Recover Database Until Available RedoREPAIR FAILURE command extentedMaking Data Available by Using Oracle Data Pump, SQL*Loader and External TablesOracle Data Pump enhancementsSQL*Loader enhancementsQuerying against external tables and overriding external table clausesMaking Data Available by Performing Online OperationsDescribe online redefinition supportsMove and compress table partitions ONLINEPartitioning DataEnable reference partitioning with interval partitioned parent tablesIncorporate the CASCADE option for TRUNCATE PARTITION and EXCHANGE [SUB]PARTITION operations Convert partitioning Range to Interval and vice-versaConvert subpartitioning Range to Interval and vice-versaSimplify the maintenance of (sub) partitioned tablesComposite partitioningManaging Information Lifecycle Using ADOData classification in 12c : tablespace, group, object, row levelsConfigure heat mapAutomatic movement and compressionCompression levels and typesPolicy declarationCustomized automated action execution with user-defined functionExecution in scheduled maintenance windows and by MMONCustomized schedule with DBMS_ILM packageManaging Information Lifecycle Using In-Database Archiving and TemporalChallenges of old data in tables and 11g solutionsIn-database archiving new solutionsUse ROW ARCHIVAL clause to enable row lifecycle state for applicationsSet ROW ARCHIVAL VISIBILITY for session level visibility controlUse predicate on ORA_ARCHIVE_STATE columnTemporal Validity versus Temporal History (Transaction Time of FDA)Set a Temporal Validity by using PERIOD FOR clause of CREATE / ALTER TABLENew SQL temporal data typeMonitoring DB Operations and PerformanceOverviewUse casesCurrent ToolsDefine a DB operationMonitoring: Bracketing an OperationMonitoring the Progress of OperationsDB Operation TuningDB Operation Active ReportConfiguring In-Memory Column StoreIn-Memory Database option goals and benefitsRow format and columnar formatNew SGA componentDeploymentCompression and priority in-memory segments attributesDictionary tables, added columns, IM statistics and IM AdvisorIM FastStartInteraction with other productsUsing In-Memory Column StoreCaching results of frequently evaluated expressions and virtual columnsOptimizing joined columns by creating join groupsImproving Performance Using In-Memory CachingSetting up Full Database In-Memory CachingExplaining the two buffer replacement algorithms of Automatic Big Table CachingConfiguring Automatic Big Table Caching with DB_BIG_TABLE_CACHE_PERCENT_TARGET initialization parameter Using Automatic Big Table CachingImproving SQL PerformanceStatistics gathering performance improvements: Optimizer Statistics AdvisorAdaptive Execution PlanBenefit from automatic dynamic samplingUsing Real Application Testing EnhancementsSQL Performance Analyzer enhancementsSQL Plan Management enhancementsDatabase Replay enhancementsImproving Performance Using Other FeaturesManage session PGA limitMultiple indexes on the same set of columnsDescribe Advanced Row Compression and Avanced Index Compression HIGH levelReduce Cursor Invalidations for DDLsDefine real-time materialized views with on query computation and ON STATEMENT refresh materialized views Using multi-process multi-threaded Oracle architectureDescribe Database Smart Flash Cache enhancementsUse temporary undo for your temporary tables。
Oracle 12c ADG特性
?采用低成本的方法跨越任意距离实现零数据丢失灾难恢复保护?通过增加分流到活动备用数据库的报表应用程序的数量实现高投资回报?通过使用新的数据库滚动升级自动化手段提高可用性并降低风险activedataguard远程同步任意距离的零数据丢失保护远程同步功能通过在距离主站点位置任意距离的位置维护一个同步备用数据库为生产数据库提供零数据丢失保护并且这不会影响性能而且成本和复杂性也最小
北京孵化器办公室
地址：北京市海淀区中关村软件园孵化器2号楼A座一层 邮编：100193 电话：(86.10) 8278-6000 传真：(86.10) 8282-6401
上海名人商业大厦办公室
地址：上海市黄浦区天津路155号名人商业大厦12层 邮编：200001 电话：(86.21) 2302-3000 传真：(86.21) 6340-6055
长沙办公室
Oracle云服务器及 DB12C新特性介绍
– 导致人工、硬件和软件的成本不断增长 High costs for labor,
hardware, and software
– 上百套服务器、数据库和操作系统，需要进行维护、 备份、补丁、升级、监控和优化 Hundreds of servers, databases,
Oracle云服务器以及DB12C新特性
李勇 资深技术顾问 甲骨文(中国)软件系统有限公司 April 21, 2016
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
传统的数据库服务部署模式 (Traditional DB Service Model)
云平台,云数据库,云管理 Cloud Platform, Cloud Database, Cloud Management
自服务私有数据库云 Self-Service Private DB Cloud
制造
工程
市场 人力资源
IT/运营
企业级数 据库云
销售 搭建在一个云平台体系架构上 On a Cloud-
新的途径：企业级数据库服务云
Enterprise Database-as-a-Service
• 整合并虚拟化硬件和软件, 能够最大限度降 低管理的复杂度和成本 Consolidates and virtualizes
hardware & software to dramatically reduce mgmt and costs
and OS’s to maintain, …backup, patch, upgrade, monitor, optimize
Oracle Database 12c十二大新特性
作为甲骨文全球大会OpenWorld 2012中的重要产品发布，新版Oracle Database 12c汇集了参会者最多的目光，Larry Ellison也在开幕演讲中重点介绍了12c 的一些新特性。
对于Oracle DBA来说，虽然数据库12c正式发布的日期还要等到明年年初，但依旧希望能够提前了解它的一些新功能、新特性。
在OpenWorld 2012的技术讲座环节，Oracle技术大师Tom Kyte集中介绍了Oracle Database 12c的十二大新特性，而Oracle ACE总监杨廷琨也对此进行了总结，希望让国内DBA一睹为快。
1.PL/SQL性能增强：类似在匿名块中定义过程，现在可以通过WITH语句在SQL中定义一个函数，采用这种方式可以提高SQL调用的性能。
2.改善Defaults：包括序列作为默认值;自增列;当明确插入NULL时指定默认值;METADATA-ONLY default值指的是增加一个新列时指定的默认值，和11g 中的区别在于，11g的default值要求NOT NULL列。
3.放宽多种数据类型长度限制：增加了VARCHAR2、NVARCHAR2和RAW类型的长度到32K，要求兼容性设置为12.0.0.0以上，且设置了初始化参数MAX_SQL_STRING_SIZE为EXTENDED，这个功能不支持CLUSTER表和索引组织表;最后这个功能并不是真正改变了VARCHAR2的限制，而是通过OUT OF LINE的CLOB 实现。
4.TOP N的语句实现：在SELECT语句中使用“FETCH next N rows”或者“OFFSET”，可以指定前N条或前百分之多少的记录。
5.行模式匹配：类似分析函数的功能，可以在行间进行匹配判断并进行计算。
在SQL中新的模式匹配语句是“match_recognize”。
6.分区改进：Oracle Database 12c中对分区功能做了较多的调整，Oracle ACE总监杨廷琨花了较大的篇幅对分区提升进行了解读，其中共分成6个部分：INTERVAL-REFERENCE分区：把11g的interval分区和reference分区结合，这样主表自动增加一个分区后，所有的子表、孙子表、重孙子表、重重重...孙子表都可以自动随着外接列新数据增加，自动创建新的分区。
Oracle Database 12c高可用性创新技术详解说明书
Top Oracle Database 12cHigh Availability Innovations A Technical DrilldownWei Hu, Vice President of Development, High Availability Technologies, OracleBest Innovations Make Things Easy▪Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic - Arthur C. Clarke▪Any technology that is distinguishable from magic is not sufficiently advanced - Gregory Benford▪This talk will give an overview of the new high availability features introduced in Oracle Database 12c▪Then describes some of the internal innovations that make these features powerful and easy to useOracle Database 12c▪Oracle Database 12c introduces significant new HA capabilities that–Drastically cut down planned and unplanned downtime –Eliminate compromises between HA and Performance –Tremendously boost operational productivity▪These take Availability to unprecedented new levels–Next-generation Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) –Optimized for OracleExtreme AvailabilityOracle Maximum Availability ArchitectureActive Data Guard–Data Protection, DR–Query OffloadGoldenGate–Active-active –HeterogeneousRMAN, Oracle Secure Backup–Backup to tape / cloudActive ReplicaEdition-based Redefinition,Online Redefinition, Data Guard, GoldenGate– Minimal downtime maintenance, upgrades, migrationsRAC–Scalability –Server HAFlashback–Human error correctionProduction SiteApplication Continuity–Application HAGlobal Data Services–Service Failover / Load BalancingOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key* New Features ▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate Update▪MAA at PayPal▪ *Nearly a hundred new HA features in 12cDatabase outages can cause in-flightwork to be lost, leaving users and applications in-doubt -–User frustration –Cancelled work –Duplicate submissions –Rebooting mid-tiers –Developer painsPre-12c SituationIn-Flight Work: Dealing with OutagesApplication ServersDatabase ServersEnd User▪Replays in-flight work on recoverable errors▪Masks many hardware, software, network, storage errors and outages ▪Supports JDBC-Thin, Universal Connection Pool (UCP), WebLogic Server, 3rd Party Java apps/mid-tiers ▪RAC, RAC One, & Active Data Guard ▪Better end user experienceApplication ContinuityMasks unplanned/planned outages when successfulApplication ServersDatabase ServersEnd UserDatabase RequestReplayedApplication Continuity SubtletiesThe hardest part of replay is deciding when NOT to replay▪Application Continuity minimizes divergence by re-executing SQL at original SCN (when possible) and rebuilding original environment–Stops replay (and returns error) if replayed request returns different result than original (e.g., two users concurrently updating same row)▪Application Continuity does not attempt replay (and returns error) if –Error is not recoverable – e.g., constraint violation–DDLs such as SHUTDOWN ABORT, DROP TABLESPACE are executed–Request has been explicitly disabled for replay – e.g., disbursing money–Failure occurred too long ago – don’t automatically replay a request from yesterday ▪Application Continuity is safe; only replays incomplete requests – Will not pay for the same item twiceafter outagesTransaction GuardPreserve & Retrieve COMMIT Outcome▪Tracks outcome of the last transaction ▪Without Transaction Guard, retry can cause logical corruption▪Transaction Guard allows applications to deal correctly with failures▪Application Continuity uses Transaction Guard▪Transaction Guard also available for applications that do not use Application ContinuityApplication Continuity I nternalsOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateDatabases in Replicated EnvironmentsChallenges▪Maximum Availability ArchitectureActive Data Guard and GoldenGate with RAC▪Want to optimize utilization ofActive Data Guard and GoldenGate databases–Efficiently use all availabledatabases–Automated load balancing and faulttolerancePrimary Active Standby Active StandbyGlobal Data Services•Extends RAC-style service failover, loadbalancing (within and across datacenters), and management capabilities to a set of replicated databases•Takes into account network latency,replication lag, and service placement policies•Achieve higher availability, improvedmanageability and maximize performanceLoad Balancing and Service Failover for Replicated Databases▪Reporting client routed to ‘best’ database–Based on location, response time, data, acceptabledata lag–Reports will automatically run on least loaded server▪Reporting client failover–If preferred database not available, will route toanother database in same region or a remote database▪Global service migration–Automatically migrates services based onfailover/switchover - if primary database is down, start Call Center service on the new primaryActive Data Guard ExampleActive Data GuardReporting ServiceCall Center Service▪Call Center Client connections andrequests transparently routed to the closest / best database–Runtime load balancing metrics give client real-timeinformation on which database to issue next request▪If a database fails, its global services arerestarted on another replicaGoldenGate ExampleGoldenGateCall Center ServiceLoad Balancing is Very ComplicatedGlobal Data Service (GDS) Load Balancing▪Supports connect-time and run-time (per-request) load balancing▪Load balancing is easy if all your machines and workload are uniform–GDS supports heterogeneous environment – RAC + non-RAC, powerful and less powerful machines (important since some customers have less powerful machines for DR)▪Load balancing is NOT equal load on all machines–Instead, GDS minimizes average response time across all requests–If database 1 much faster than database 2, then 100% of requests might go to machine database 1–Sometimes, request to lightly-loaded database in remote region might complete faster than request to heavily loaded database in local region–Equalization of average response time done for all clients in each region (remote requests expected to be longer) ▪Load balancing must balance responding rapidly to changing workloads and avoiding oscillations▪Uses internal database metrics, does not blindly rely on external metrics–More accurate (factors out network variability), handles workload generated external to global services, & handles planned shutdown caseGlobal Data Services: SummaryGlobally Replicated, High Availability Architecture••• GSM - Global Service ManagerLocal StandbyLocal StandbyData Center #2 EMEAAPACGuardData GuardPrimaryLocal StandbyActiveData GuardGDSCTLGDS Catalog PrimaryGDS Catalog StandbyMasterOracleGoldenGate Active GuardSALES POOL (sales_reporting_srvc, sales_entry_srvc)HR POOL(hr_apac_srvc, hr_emea_srvc)All GDS client databases connected to all GSMsMasterRemote StandbyReader FarmActive Data GuardGlobal Service ManagersGlobal Service ManagersOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateZero Data Loss ChallengeThe longer the distance, the larger the performance impactSynchronous Communication Leads To Performance Trade-OffsPrimaryStandbyCommitCommit AckNetwork SendNetwork AckStandbyData Guard Async – TodaySome Data Loss Exposure Upon DisasterZero Data Loss For Async Deployments▪Far Sync: light-weight Oracle instance: standby control file, standby redo logs, archived redo logs, no data files▪Receives redo synchronously from primary, forwards redo asynchronously in real-time to standby▪Upon Failover: Async standby transparently obtains last committed redo from Far Sync and applies: zero data loss failover▪Second Far Sync Instance can be pre-configured to transmit in reverse direction after failover/switchover▪Terminal standbys required to be Active Data Guard StandbysPrimaryStandbyFar SyncInstanceStandbyFar SyncInstanceActive Data Guard Far SyncMuch work done to make things work ‘like magic’▪Looks just like SYNC. So Fast Start Failover (FSFO) works – automatic, zero data loss failover to far destination▪If Far Sync instance fails, can failover to another Far Sync (recommended), or go into async mode directly to standby (using remote alternate log_archive_dest_x)▪Sophisticated logic to make failovers seamless–When primary dies, Far Sync keeps track of state of async connections to terminal standby to ship the exact redo needed for zero data loss–Works with RAC (multiple threads of redo)▪Smart gap resolution – if the primary is missing redo, it can fetch from Far Sync instance. Far Sync instance will transparently fetch from primary & forward to standbyActive Data Guard Far SyncSummary of Benefits▪Best data protection, least performance impact▪Low cost and complexity▪Best way to implement a near DR + Far DR model▪Relevant to existing Data Guard ASYNC configurations▪Data Guard Failover? No Problem! Just do it – No Data Loss!Active Data Guard Real-Time CascadingEliminates Propagation DelayPrimary▪In 12.1, Standby 1 forwards redo to Standby 2 in real-time, as it isreceived: no propagation delay for a log switch▪Standby 2 (Active Data Guard Standby) is up-to-date for offloadingread-only queries and reports▪In 11.2, Standby 1 waits till log switch before forwarding redo fromarchived logs to Standby 2Data Guard Fast SyncReduced Primary Database Impact for Maximum AvailabilityLogsStandbyRedoLogsCommitCommitAcknowledge▪For SYNC transport: remote siteacknowledges received redo beforewriting it to standby redo logs▪Reduces latency of commit on primary▪Better DR – increased SYNC distance▪If network round-trip latency less thantime for local online redo log write,synchronous transport will not impactprimary database performance▪Can use Fast Sync from Primary to FarSync , and Fast Sync works with FSFO CommitCommitAcknowledgeAcknowledgereturned on receiptLogsStandbyRedoLogsData GuardOther New Features in Oracle Database 12cOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateFine-grained Table Recovery From Backup▪Simple RECOVER TABLE command torecover one or more tables (mostrecent or older version) from an RMANbackup▪Eliminates time and complexityassociated with manual restore, recover& export–Enables fine-grained point-in-timerecovery of individual tables instead ofthe contents of the entire tablespaceRMANBackupsCross-Platform Backup & Restore▪Simplifies procedure for platform migration▪Minimize read-only impact with multiple incremental backupsSimplified Platform MigrationSource Database (AIX)Backup to Disk/Tape (data files, optional endian conversion,metadata export)Restore Backup (optional endian conversion, metadata import)Destination Database (Solaris)▪Backup and recover specific pluggable databases with new PLUGGABLE DATABASE keywords:RMAN> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB1>, <PDB2>;▪Familiar BACKUP DATABASE command backs up CDB, including all PDBs ▪PDB Complete Recovery–RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>; –RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;▪PDB Point-in-Time Recovery–RMAN> RUN {–SET UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-3'; –RESTORE PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>; –RECOVER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB>;–ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE <PDB> OPEN RESETLOGS; }▪Familiar RECOVER DATABASE command recovers CDB, including all PDBsPluggable Database Backup & RestoreFine-Grained Backup & Recovery to Support ConsolidationOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateAutomatic Storage Management (ASM) OverviewASM Cluster Pool of StorageDisk Group BDisk Group A Shared Disk GroupsWide File StripingOne to OneMapping of ASM Instances to ServersASM InstanceASM DiskRAC ClusterNode4Node3Node2Node1Node5ASMASM ASM ASMASMASM InstanceDatabase InstanceDB ADB A DB BDB BDB CDB BCurrent StateFlex ASM: Eliminate 1:1 Server MappingNew: ASM Storage Consolidation in Oracle Database 12cASM Cluster Pool of StorageDisk Group BDisk Group A Shared Disk GroupsWide File StripingDatabases share ASM instancesASM InstanceDatabase InstanceASM DiskRAC ClusterNode5Node4Node3Node2Node1Node5 runs as ASM Client to Node4Node1Node2 Node4Node2 runs as ASM Client to Node3 ASM ASM ASMASM InstanceDB ADB A DB BDB BDB CDB BFlex ASM: Supporting Oracle Database 11gPrevious Database Versions Will Host Local ASM InstanceASM Cluster Pool of StorageDisk Group BDisk Group A Shared Disk GroupsWide File StripingDatabases share ASM instancesASM InstanceDatabase InstanceASM DiskRAC ClusterNode5Node4Node3Node2Node1ASM ASM ASMDB ADB A DB BDB BDB C DB BASMASM11.2DB11.2DBOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateOther HA EnhancementsOracle Database 12cHigh Availability Key New Features▪Application Continuity▪Global Data Services▪Data Guard Enhancements▪RMAN Enhancements▪Flex ASM▪Other HA Enhancements▪GoldenGate UpdateNote: A single DR copy may be multi-purposed for any combination of the use cases describedData Guard Redo TransportSYNC or ASYNCOracle DatabaseOracle Active Data GuardReal-Time Data Protection and AvailabilityStandby First Patching, Exact copy of primary Query & Report OffloadOpen Read-Only Snapshot StandbyConvert to Test Database(open read-write)Single Command Refresh of primary Offload RMAN Backups of primary Far Sync, Database Backup Appliance, GoldenGateExact copy of primarySource for thin snaps/clones Exact copy of primary Extract offload, source for GoldenGate ALO modeOracle & Non-OracleMessage BusOracle Database12c *Oracle GoldenGate 12c*Low-Impact, Real-Time Data Integration & Transactional ReplicationData IntegratorNew DB/ HW/OS/APP Fully Active Distributed DBReporting Database DataWarehouse ODSZero Downtime Upgrade& Migration Query & Report Offloading Data Synchronization within theEnterprise Real-time BI, OperationalReporting, MDMEvent Driven Architecture, SOAActive-Active High AvailabilityMessage BusGlobal Data Centers Logical Copy of Primary Disaster Recovery for Non-Oracle Databases *: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in CY2013GoldenGate Zero Downtime Migration/Upgrade Seamless Migration and Upgrades to Oracle Database 12c* •Consolidate/migrate/maintain systems withoutdowntime•Minimize risk withfailback option•Validate data beforeswitchover•Use Active-Active replication for phased user migrationERP Oracle ERP*: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in CY2013 Oracle10.2CRM11.2DWOracle GoldenGate for Active-Active DatabasesIncrease ROI on Existing Servers & Synchronize Data•Utilize secondarysystems for transactions •Enable continuousavailability during unplanned & planned outages•Synchronize data acrossglobal data centers •Use intelligent conflictdetection & resolution*: GoldenGate 12c for Oracle Database 12c will be available in CY2013Oracle 10.2 App2Oracle 11.2 App3Non-Oracle AppHeterogeneous Bi-DirectionalOracle Database 12c▪Oracle Database 12c offers a tremendously sophisticatedset of high availability (HA) capabilities▪These capabilities–Further reduce downtime–Significantly improve productivity–Eliminate traditional compromisesExtreme Availability: SummaryResources▪OTN HA Portal:/goto/availability▪Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA):/goto/maa▪MAA Blogs:/maa▪Exadata on OTN:/technetwork/database/exadata/index.html▪Oracle HA Customer Success Stories on OTN:/technetwork/database/features/ha-casestudies-098033.htmlKey HA Sessions and Demos by Oracle DevelopmentMonday, 23 September Moscone South10:45a Oracle DB 12c—Eng’d for Clouds and Big Data, North D1:45p Oracle Exadata—What’s New and What’s Coming, 1033:15p Top Oracle DB 12c HA Innovations - A Technical Drill-down, 103 4:45p RMAN in Oracle DB 12c: New Features and Best Practices, 102 4:45p Compression and Performance in Oracle Database 12c, 104Tuesday, 24 September Moscone South10:30a Always Available: Oracle Exadata and Oracle MAA, 10210:30a Oracle RAC 12c Best Practices, 10412:00p A Revolutionary New Way to Do DB Backup and Recovery, 102 12:00p Oracle Flex Cluster: Optimized Resource Mgmt. for Cloud, 104 12:00p Storage Optimization with Oracle Database 12c, 3013:45p Oracle DB 12c Best Practices for Data Availability andDisaster Protection, 1025:15p Optimize Oracle Active Data Guard and Oracle GoldenGate:Wednesday, 25 September Moscone South10:15a Best Practices for Integrating GoldenGate w/ Act. Data Guard, 104 11:45a The Next Big Thing!, 10311:45a Best Practices for Oracle Exadata Backup and Recovery, 20011:45a Cloning and Snapshots with Oracle Database 12c, 1021:15p Redefining Backup and Recovery with Oracle Eng’d Systems, 200 3:30p Oracle Active Data Guard: Next-Generation Data Protection, 103 5:00p Oracle Exadata Storage Availability Best Practices, 2005:00p Integrated Apply: Scalable Replication with GoldenGate, North 131 5:00p Exadata Planned Maintenance for Zero Downtime, Westin Metro. IThursday, 26 September Moscone South11:00a Oracle Database-Aware Flash: Maximizing Performance andAvailability for Your Database, 2362:00p Oracle MAA Best Practices for the Oracle Multitenant Option, 102 2:00p Maximize Availability by Using DB Services with Oracle RAC, 103。
Oracle Database 12c：为云计算提供极致性能
在此处插入演讲人姓名 在此处插入演讲人职位
以下内容旨在概述产品的总体发展方向。该内容仅供参考， 不可纳入任何合同。本演示不承诺提供任何材料、代码或功 能，也不应将其作为购买决策的依据。此处所述有关 Oracle 产品的任何特性或功能的开发、发布以及相应的日程安排均 由 Oracle 自行决定。
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Oracle Database In-Memory 选件
领先的内存技术
可无缝集成到 Oracle Database 12c 中 实现极致性能，支持
– 为实时数据提供分析和即席报表功能 – 企业 OLTP 和数据仓储 – 纵向扩展和横向扩展
点击流日志：
– 会话处理、搜索行为
)
业务事务：
– 欺诈检测、股票分析
可能存在欺诈的 银行交易 定义为正则 表达式
升序
传感器数据：
– 自动进行观察和检测
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现已推出
ORACLE DATABASE IN-MEMORY 选件
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客户体验
关于针对 Oracle 数据库集成的系统……
“标准化数据库服务和配置这种做法使我们在多个领域获得了收益。”
Andy Wottenhofer，明尼苏达大学
“Oracle 数据库机使我们能够提供单一系统的解决方案，该解决方案经济实惠且 易于部署。”Luigi Giuri，Wirex “Oracle Exadata 系统所需支持人员大幅度减少。”Alex Mann，Garmin
Oracle 12C核心新特性解读
串串⾏行行到并⾏行行解读Oracle 12.2的核⼼心新特性孙雪云和恩墨墨•Agility – 敏捷–Rapid provisioning, cloning, movement•Elasticity – 弹性–Scale-out CPU cores, storage, memory•Cloud-scale Operations–Manage many databases as-one •Transforming Data Management–From Disk-based to In-Memory Databases –From Data Warehouse to Big Data–From On-Prem to Database Optimized CloudOracle 12c 的设计理理念转型深度转型速度适应性⾏行行业 重塑型⾏行行业迟钝型⾏行行业互补性⾏行行业Oracle 在12c中做了了什什么⾼高可⽤用⽤用于数据仓库的Data Guard；表的在线迁移和分区DBCA创建standbyIn-Memory IM expressions; Virtual Column；Fast Start；Join groupCore Improvement 实时索引配置情绪分析和搭配提取⽂文档单词的同义词创建只读分区Sharding分⽚片⾃自动部署；⽣生命周期管理理⾃自动管理理智能路路由RAC and GridActiveData GuardBig andData WarehouseMultitenantFlex ASM；Flex ClusterExtended RAC的配置⽀支持远程AWR；ADG⽀支持 SQL tuning advisor基于快照的standby只读实例例，local temp tablespace；并⾏行行递归with的增强SQL执⾏行行计划的增强管理理Application container；Domain based on PDBProxy PDB串串⾏行行的世界说多了了都是泪串串⾏行行到并⾏行行为什什么如此重要企业应⽤用的变化：业务系统增多业务数据量量变⼤大并发访问严重⽽而系统⾯面临的问题：通过CPU主频提升，软件能够⾃自动提升性能的时代已经⼀一去不不复返;⽽而⽤用户对于性能，响应速度要求更更⾼高在⾼高并发系统中，串串⾏行行就是等待⾼高配置⾼高并发⾼高等待阿姆达尔定律律串串⾏行行到并⾏行行，Slave 进程的引⼊入RAC 并⾏行行优化：LMs ! RMVn,CRn 单库并⾏行行优化：LGWR !LGnn 132Dg 并⾏行行优化：Multi MRP单实例例并⾏行行：LGWR! LGnn1、LGWR的作⽤用：2、LGWR相关的等待： Foreground：Log file Sync Background：Log file parallel write3、 Log file Sync产⽣生的原因：commit 过于频繁？ Log buffer 过⼤大？CPU负载⾼高？4、什什么时候会产⽣生log file sync等待1)commit操作2)rollback操作3)DDL操作（DDL操作实施前都会⾸首先进⾏行行⼀一次commit）4)DDL操作导致的数据字典修改所产⽣生的commit5)某些能递归修改数据字典的操作：⽐比如查询SEQ的next值，可能会导致修改数据字典。
Oracle12c新特性介绍
In memory opition 特性 性能测试
批量更新性能对比
*均无索引情况下，批量更新近300w数据前者 比后者缩短了约2分钟
*在更新140w行数据同时需维护索引的情况 下，性能并没有明显提升
In memory opition 特性 性能测试
批量删除性能对比
* 批量删除从测试情况来看，前者比后者缩短 近一倍时间
传统版本
传统版本数据泵在进行导入通常要考虑归档生成的问题。进行导入操作时， 数据量大的情况下会产生大量归档，如果归档空间比较紧凑，很可能导致 归档日志满，数据库挂起的故障，这通常需要靠人工定时观察并清理。同 时归档频繁生成对数据库和导入都有性能影响。
全表扫描后，只保存了部分数据块
新版本
Oracle12c新特性支持full database caching mode，在内存足够的 情况下可以将整个数据库载入内存 新特性启用步骤 1、重新启动数据库至mount状态 2、开启full database caching mode，并打开数据库
full database caching mode特性 实验
ORACLE 12C 15大特性介绍之四 在线迁移活跃的数据文件
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在线迁移活跃数据文件 新旧版本对比
传统版本
传统版本进行数据文件迁移的大致操作流程如下
1、offline相关数据文件
2、移动数据文件至新路径
3、命令修改控制文件记录数据文件的路径
4、online数据文件
新版本
Oracle12c新增在线迁移活跃数据文件的新特性，只需一条命令完成整个数据 文件迁移操作
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运维相关特性 第二部分
Oracle Business Activity Monitoring 12c 最佳实践说明书
Oracle Business Activity Monitoring 12c Best PracticesO R A C L E W H I T E P A P E R|J A N U A R Y2016DisclaimerThe following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.Table of ContentsIntroduction 2 Schema Design 2 Dashboard Design and Deployment 3 Query Design 3 Data Archiving and Purging 4 Scalability and Performance 4 Real Time Data Sources for Oracle BAM 5 Production Roll Out Check List 5 Configuration 5 Load Test 11IntroductionThis whitepaper details some recommended best practices for Oracle Business Activity Monitoring’s 12c release. This will ensure Oracle BAM’s optimal usage while curbing common errors.Schema Design1.Oracle BAM 12c supports a star schema. It supports joins through Logical DataObjects (LDOs). An LDO allows you to join one FACT table with multiple DIM tables, which allows you to run queries on top of the LDO. If Active Data is used on top of an LDO with Archived Relation, the following considerations need to be taken into account to achieve the best performance:2.Mark your DIM table as ‘Slow Changing Dim’ if the changes to the DIM table arevery infrequent (once in a day or so). When you mark it with ‘slow-changing dim’, a join-memory enhancement comes into play that reduces the amount of heap required and also increases the query start up time.3.Keep DIM table size reasonable (e.g. less than 10k – only used for lookup) andbatch updates to DIM tables to avoid frequent updates so you can mark the DIM table as ‘Slow Changing Dim’. In the case where the dim table is growing at the same pace as the fact table, it is better to keep the dimension columns in the FACT table.4.Only join the FACT table with required DIMs as multiple DIMS requires complex njoins. Consolidate DIM tables to reduce number of joins.5.Design LDO with filters to reduce the amount of data returned. This reduces theTEMP tablespace required to run the archiver query.e Calculated Fields in your query to reduce the number of columns required inthe FACT DO. Keep only what’s absolutely required as columns in the FACT table.This will help Active and CQL template queries to be more efficient as they do not need to bring additional columns into memory.7.If you are using 11g Oracle DB, use Secure Files to improve performanceing Secure Files/technetwork/database/availability/oraclefmw-soa-11gr1-securefiles-1842740.pdf8.Create indexes for key fields. You can use BAM DO tool to create index. Seesome references herea.Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide/technetwork/database/availability/oraclefmw-soa-11gr1-securefiles-1842740.pdfb.Oracle 9i Application Developer’s Guide – Fundamentals, Chapter 5 –Releasing an Index Strategyhttps:///cd/B10500_01/appdev.920/a96590/adg06idx.htmc.Expert Indexing in Oracle Database 11g: Maximum Performance for yourDatabase/gp/product/143023735X/ref=s9_simh_se _p14_d0_i1?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_s=search-desktop-advertising-no-results-center-1&pf_rd_r=0DY561RCQWH9ETC18ECB&pf_rd_t=301&pf_rd_p=1912 906182&pf_rd_i=oraclec 12c performance indexDashboard Design and Deployment1.Ensure that a dashboard is designed for a specific user group. Do not try tocreate an all-purpose dashboard.2.Create report which is “management by exception”.3.Allow the user to understand the health of the operations at a glance; thenprovide drill-down.e the LDO filter and dashboard parameters to filter data before dashboardis loaded.5.Limit a dashboard to 4-6 views or one view with multiple tabs.6.Make effective use of Action Buttons to take actions.e summary/aggregation as much as possible and provide drill down todetail records from there to avoid a large number of detail records.8.List views can have a performance. Listing hundred/thousands of records in alist view will impact performance.e OTN demos for design and best practices.10.Choose active data interval and throttle carefully as it has memoryimplications.Query Design1.For tactical (non-active), queries, examine the query string generated by thebusiness query and run the DB AWR report to tune the index or change your query to improve performance.2.For an active query, always specify a window size (range) because these willreduce amount of memory required. Also, use output window (sliding) judiciously to collapse results and so as to not overwhelm the dashboards.e the aggregation query and bind it to a chart. Then perform drill down todetail records. This organizes the data into smaller chunks and improves performance.4.Test your query with your production data set to ensure that the performance isreasonable.5.Familiarize yourself between the differences between scheduled query and real-time active query and use them as appropriate.Data Archiving and Purging1.Keep only the necessary data in your Data Object. Any data that is relevant foroperational monitoring and taking actions is a candidate for data object storage.2.Do not keep older data for historical purposes in the same data object.3.If you need the historical data to be available, transfer the data to another dataobject that is used for specific reporting.4.Schedule the Data Retention at non-peak hours using alerts. You need to shutdown all BAM Viewsets and Continuous Queries (using Admin Mode) during this task as they hold state in memory.5.If it is a requirement to archive the data prior to purging, then use ODI with BAM12c.e Alert to control filter based purging. Custom actions can also be provided tothe Alert to perform more customized purging.e Database ‘Partition’ capability to improve performance if purging and datainjections are happening concurrently.Scalability and Performance1.Oracle BAM 12c is designed for High Availability and Scalability. It is ACTIVE-ACTIVE. Scalability can be achieved via adding additional servers. Under the covers, BAM 12c uses ASM for fail over (for Unit of Order JMS with Automatic Migratable Target). More information can be found on the EDG Guide.2.For input scalability, multiple EMS can be started on different servers to improvethroughput.3.Note: Customers should consider using ‘batch’ to improve performance.4.CQL queries are load balanced using project as a base. All queries for a givenproject would reside on the same server. When a server crashes, CQL queries will be moved onto a different server.5.Number of CQL queries will be a factor for amount of heap required on themachine.6.It is recommended that dedicated machines be used for Oracle BAM (separateBAM from DB machines, and others based on install size). If the solution includes BPEL/BPM, use separate machines for BPEL and its storage to avoid contention.7.For HA solutions, make sure your servers are on the same subnet.8.Ensure that the application context is the same for Oracle BAM Web Services if theWS interface is used for pushing data into BAM.9.Tune DB accordingly – including adding indexes, partition table by day, parallelexecution and use DBIM (Database In-Memory). DBIM will accelerate access to the data because only the required columns (columnar storage) will be visited.In addition, for cases where filtering occurs but the filter is not very selective, DBIM is a little like having an index per column. For the queries that perform simple aggregations, DBIM can also accelerate aggregation.Real-Time Data Sources for Oracle BAM1.Oracle BAM Adapter2.Web Services3.JMS4.ODI5.EJBProduction Roll-Out Check ListConfiguration1.Lock down production topologya.Configuration Checkb.Check JMS and ASM configuration by following EDGFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 42.Load balancer configurationFigure 53.EMS / Persistence configuration (# of threads). Too many threads my causecontention. Too few may reduce throughput. We recommend start with 20 and tune it based on the throughput.a.Security check - Enterprise Group / Application Roles are defined correctly.Figure 6b.Server JVM parameters. This is required to monitor number of GC (see seconddoc). Here are two different settings. Use them as a reference.•-Xms:12g -Xmx:12g -Xns:6g -Xss:512k -Xverbose:gc -XverboseTimeStamp -XverboseLog:/testcase/bam/logs/gc.log -Xgc:throughput -XX:+UseLargePagesForHeap•Small payload with high injection rate (1000+ events per second) -Xms4g -Xmx4g -XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:+UseParallelOldGC -X:+ParallelRefProcEnabled -XX:PermSize=1g -XX:MaxPermSize=1g -XX:NewSize=1g -XX:+UseLargePages -XX:+UnlockCommercialFeatures -XX:+FlightRecorder4.Lock down dashboardsa.Ensure it can display properly with production load (long numbers).b.Ensure it can display properly on different devices.Load Teste LM to simulate users coming on board. For example:a.Start 20 virtual users: 2 every 30 secondsb.Duration: 20 minutesc.Stop all vusers: 2 every 5 secondsd.Monitor via BAM Admin “view set monitoring”e EMS clients to pump data into system.a.Start multiple EMS Servers. Ensure EMS Server is deployed to differentmanaged servers.3.Monitor throughput. Use BAM Business Query by creating a time series on the x-axis based on Data Object creation date column4.Monitoring Heap, Memory and CPU Usage. Use VisualVM.5.Analyzing AWR Reports. SQL execution time (with DB contain production data) tosee if additional index are required. Check for any locking, dead lock or etc.6.Longevity Testing. Run System for 5 days with EMS: Continuous load, purgingevery day, users come and go.7.HA Fail Over: Bring down one server, monitor performance, bring back serverback up. Manually, migrate services back to server upon restart.Oracle Corporation, World Headquarters Worldwide Inquiries500 Oracle Parkway Phone: +1.650.506.7000Redwood Shores, CA 94065, USA Fax: +1.650.506.7200Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is provided for information purposes only, and the contents hereof are subject to change without notice. This document is not warranted to be error-free, nor subject to any other warranties or conditions, whether expressed orally or implied in law, including implied warranties and conditions of merchantability orfitness for a particular purpose. We specifically disclaim any liability with respect to this document, and no contractual obligations areformed either directly or indirectly by this document. This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by anymeans, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without our prior written permission.Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Intel and Intel Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license andare trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. AMD, Opteron, the AMD logo, and the AMD Opteron logo aretrademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. 1215C O N N E C T W I T H U S/oracle/oracle/oracle。
Oracle Database 12c 白皮书
Oracle 白皮书2013 年 6 月借助Oracle Database 12c 插入到云借助 Oracle Database 12c 插入到云免责声明以下内容旨在概述产品的总体发展方向。
该内容仅供参考，不可纳入任何合同。
其内容不构成提供任何材料、代码或功能的承诺，并且不应该作为制定购买决策的依据。
此处所述有关 Oracle 产品的任何特性或功能的开发、发布以及相应的日程安排均由 Oracle 自行决定。
借助 Oracle Database 12c 插入到云Oracle Database 12c 简介 (1)实现数据库云 (2)简化数据库整合 (3)新的多租户架构 (3)将多个数据库作为一个管理 (4)供应和克隆 (5)数据库资源管理 (5)数据隔离 (5)管理数据增长 (6)自动数据优化 (7)最高可用性架构 (8)处理无法预测的故障 (8)减少计划停机时间 (9)进一步增强可用性和数据保护 (10)实施纵深防御以实现最高安全性 (11)新的预防、检测和管理控制 (12)简化大数据分析 (13)集成大数据 (13)数据库中分析 (14)大数据基础架构 (15)管理数据库云 (16)数据库即服务 (16)降低迁移到云的风险 (16)数据库应用程序开发 (17)应用开发框架 (17)Oracle Application Express (17)Oracle SQL Developer (17)迁移至 Oracle Database 12c (18)SQL 转换框架 (18)借助 Oracle Database 12c 插入到云 (19)Oracle Database 12c 简介Oracle Database 12c是全球最受欢迎数据库的最新一代产品，该产品专为云而设计，它能够在继续提高用户服务级别的同时让客户更有效地利用其IT 资源。
Oracle Database 12c 基于一种新的多租户架构，包含许多增强和新特性，能让客户更轻松地通过以下几种方式利用云：• 将多个数据库整合到多租户容器中• 根据使用模式自动优化数据存储和数据压缩• 通过 Oracle 最高可用性架构提供不间断的访问• 通过全面的纵深防御战略保护企业数据• 简化大数据的数据库中分析• 使用 Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 实施数据库即服务希望通过部署私有数据库云来降低 IT 复杂性及成本的客户，以及希望获得 Oracle 在安全的多租户模式下的强大能力的 SaaS 供应商，均能通过 Oracle Database 12c 获益。
Oracle数据库12c各版本介绍及功能比较
Oracle Database 12c 版本介绍Oracle Database 12 c有三种版本，提供多种企业版选件来满足客户对各种领域（性能和可用性、安全性和合规性、数据仓储和分析、非结构化数据和可管理性）的特定需求。
Oracle Database 12 c 标准版1企业级的性能和安全性Oracle Database 12 c 标准版1经过了优化，适用于部署在小型企业、各类业务部门和分散的分支机构环境中。
该版本可在单个服务器上运行，最多支持两个插槽。
Oracle Database 12c 标准版1可以在包括Windows Linux和Unix在内的所有Oracle支持的操作系统上使用。
概述快速安装和配置，具有内置的自动化管理适用于所有类型的数据和所有应用公认的性能、可靠性、安全性和可扩展性使用通用代码库，可无缝升级到Oracle Database12c 标准版或OracleDatabase 12 c 企业版优势以极低的每用户180美元起步（最少5个用户）以企业级性能、安全性、可用性和可扩展性支持所有业务应用可运行于Windows Linux和Unix操作系统通过自动化的自我管理功能轻松管理借助Oracle Application Express 、Oracle SQL Developer 和Oracle面向Windows的数据访问组件简化应用开发Oracle Database 12 c 标准版经济实惠、功能全面的数据库Oracle Database 12 c 标准版是面向中型企业的一个经济实惠、功能全面的数据管理解决方案。
该版本中包含一个可插拔数据库用于插入云端，还包含Oracle真正应用集群用于实现企业级可用性，并且可随您的业务增长而轻松扩展。
支持使用一个可插拔数据库实现入门级云计算和整合跨平台恢复内置的Oracle真正应用集群支持更高水平的系统正常运行时间简化的安装和配置适用于所有类型的数据和所有应用向上兼容Oracle Database 12 c 企业版，从而保护您的初期投资优势每用户350美元（最少5个用户），您可以只购买目前需要的许可，然后使用Oracle真正应用集成随需扩展，从而节省成本提高服务质量，实现企业级性能、安全性和可用性可运行于Windows Linux和Unix操作系统通过自动化的自我管理功能轻松管理借助Oracle Application Express 、Oracle SQL Developer 和Oracle面向Windows的数据访问组件简化应用开发Oracle Database 12 c 企业版插入云端全球首屈一指的数据库推出最新版本Oracle Database 12 c 现已推出,可在各种平台上使用。
12c的12个新特性
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Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13
PL/SQL from SQL
§ Default to a sequence § Default when null inserted § Identity Type § Metadata-only Defaults for NULL columns
12
Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
select is_number_ool( to_char(object_id) ), is_number_ool( owner ) from stage call count ------- -----Parse 1 Execute 1 Fetch 875 ------- -----total 877 cpu elapsed rows -------- ---------- --------0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.93 1.34 87310 -------- ---------- --------0.93 1.34 87310
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Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13
Oracle Database 12c on Windows 平台支持新特性说明书
Program AgendaWindows Platform Support Oracle Database 12c Release 2Cloud123Windows Platform SupportWindows Server 2016 and Windows 10 Supported Editions•Windows Server 2016 editions–Datacenter, Essentials, and Standard Edition •Windows 10 editions–Education, Enterprise, and ProDatabase Certification on 32-bit WindowsOS11.2 DB and client112.1 client2 Windows 7Yes Yes Windows Server 2008Yes Yes Windows Server 2008 R2Yes Yes Windows 811.2.0.4Yes Windows 8.111.2.0.412.1.0.2 Windows Server 201211.2.0.4 Yes Windows 10No12.1.0.2#1RAC 11.2 and higher does not support for 32-bit Windows#2For 12.1 and higher, only DB Client supports 32-bit WindowsNote: Oracle Database Client 12.2 and higher will only support Windows x64.Database Certification on 64-bit WindowsOS11.212.1 12.2 Windows 71Yes Yes Yes Windows Server 2008Yes Yes No Windows Server 2008 R2 Yes Yes No Windows 8111.2.0.4Yes Yes Windows 8.1111.2.0.4 12.1.0.2 Yes Windows Server 201211.2.0.412.1.0.2Yes Windows Server 2012 R211.2.0.412.1.0.2Yes Windows 101No12.1.0.2Yes Windows Server 2016No No Yes2 Note: 32-bit Oracle Client is supported on Windows x64#1RAC and some server features not supported on Windows clients#2To be certified shortly post-releaseDatabase Certification on Windows Hyper-VGuest OS11.212.112.2 Windows Server 2008 R211.2.0.4 (SI only)12.1.0.2 (SI only) No Windows Server 201211.2.0.4 (SI and RAC)12.1.0.x (SI only) 12.2 (SI and RAC) Windows Server 2012 R211.2.0.4 (SI and RAC)12.1.0.2 (SI and RAC)12.2 (SI and RAC) (Generation 1)Windows Server 2012 R2No12.1.0.2 (SI and RAC)12.2 (SI and RAC) (Generation 2)•Host OS: Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012 and 2012 R2 are certified •Host OS: Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2016 will be certifiedOracle Database 12c Release 2 SecuritySecurity•Oracle Home User•Windows Native Authentication •Kerberos and ASM enhancementsOracle Home User Support•Run Windows Services for Oracle using a standard Windows account •Specify a standard (not an administrator) Windows User Account as Oracle Home User during install and upgradeMicrosoft Windows User Types Overview Built-inAccountLocalSystem (Full Administrator Privileges)LocalService(Minimumprivileges)User AccountAdministrator(Local orDomain user)Standard User(Local orDomain User)ManagedService Acct(Domain User)•Account needs to be associated withspecific computer system (s)•No password management needed onlocal hosts•No need to provide passwords duringWindows service configurationVirtual Account(for WindowsService)New Windows User Account Types Supported•Virtual Account–Introduced by Microsoft in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2–Each Windows Service has it’s own virtual account name–No password management–Can work in a workgroup or domain–Ability to access the network with a computer identity in a domain environment •Group Managed Service Account (gMSA)–Introduced by Microsoft in Windows Server 2012–Single Group Managed Service Account (gMSA) can be used on multiple hosts –No password management needed on local hosts–No need to provide passwords during Windows service configurationOracle Database Server InstallOracle Home User•Different from Oracle Installation User who must have OS administration privileges•Services for the Oracle Home run with this user name•Can be Windows Built-in Account or Virtual Account or a standard Windows User Account•Can not be changed post install•Have similarities with ‘oracle’ user on Linux, though you can not log in as the Oracle Home User on Windows and perform administration tasks (e.g. Create DB, Install, Upgrade)Virtual Account Support•New default for Single Instance Oracle Database Server install•Only supported for Single Instance Oracle Database Server install •No need to manage user name or password for Oracle Home User •Database files are owned by the virtual account for the Oracle Database Windows Service (e.g. NT Service\OracleServiceORCL) •Note: DB Client, built-in account option, uses LocalService and Service SIDs for client side Windows services, and is very similar to how Virtual Account worksGroup Managed Service Account support•Supported for all Oracle Database installs (DB Client, Single Instance Oracle Database, RAC and Grid Infrastructure)•Works like any other domain user but no need to create Oracle wallet and/or provide password for any database operationOracle RAC Database InstallOracle Grid Infrastructure InstallDatabase Client Install•For Built-in Accountoption, WindowsServices run underLocalService (notLocalSystem) forDatabase ClientInstallWindows Account option for Oracle Home User Needs to bepre-created?Password neededduring DBoperations?DBServer(SI)DBClientDBServer(RAC)GridInfra-structureVirtual Account N N Y N N N Built-in Account (internally, useLocalSystem)N N Y N Y YBuilt-in Account (internally, useLocalService)#2N N N Y N N Local User Account#2N Y Y#1Y N N Managed Services Account Y N Y Y N N Group Managed Services Account Y N Y Y Y Y Domain Account Y Y Y Y Y Y#1 –Windows OS authentication can not be used across systems#2 –Windows Services can not access any secure shared network resource using its own Windows identity`Oracle Database Services on WindowsOracle ListenerServiceDatabasesOracle DatabaseServiceORACLE BASEORACLE HOMEOther FilesWindows ServicesFile System ACLs•Services run as a Windows User (e.g. domain1\frank)•Each service also has a unique Service SID (e.g. Database sid orcl has service SID: NTAUTHORITY\OracleServiceORCL)•Either user name or Service SID can be used to grant privileges or set ACLs for file system access•Oracle sets appropriate ACLs for Oracle Home and Oracle Base•For customer specific files/directories in non-standard locations, ACLs may need to be changed to make them accessible to Oracle ServicesPlease check Oracle Database Platform Guide for Microsoft Windows for more information.Database Creation•Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) is used to create or modify Oracle Database as a part of install or as post install action •Administrator, invoking the tools, needs to be an OS Administrator and should have appropriate database privileges•Use the icon Database Configuration Assistant(the icon is set up to “run as administrator”) to invoke DBCA•As Windows Service creation requires both user id and password, DBCA will ask for the password of Oracle Home User (if needed) in order to create the Windows Service•For Single Instance DB, password is needed for Windows Local User and Domain User•For RAC, the customer has the option to store password in wallet; if not stored, the password needs to be input for Windows Domain UserDatabase 1 (12c)Database 1 (11.2)Oracle Database UpgradeORACLE_BASEORADATAORACLE_HOME (11.2)Database 2 (11.2)ORACLE_BASEORADATAORACLE_HOME (11.2)Database 2 (11.2)ORACLE_HOME (12c)Oracle Home and Database Upgrade•Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) is used for database upgrade across Oracle Homes as a part of install or as post install action •Administrator, invoking the tools, needs to be an OS Administrator and should have appropriate database privileges•Use the icon Database Upgrade Assistant (the icon is set up to “run as administrator”)•Requirement to enter Oracle Home User and Password is similar to Database creation•When a database is upgraded, it will ask for password of Oracle HomeUser (if needed)Administration Tools•All GUI tools (e.g. DBCA, NETCA) enhanced to support Oracle Home User and ask for password if needed•All command line tools (e.g. ORADIM, LSNRCTL, CMCTL) enhanced to accept Oracle Home User name and password through stdin for service creation•Silent Install and Cloning enhanced to support Oracle Home User •CRSCTL can be used to create wallet for storing password of Oracle Home User (RAC environment)•Enterprise Manager support of Oracle Home User for provisioning, patching, and service creationManagement of Oracle Home User•As it is a standard Windows user, Windows tools can be used to manage the Windows account (e.g. add privileges, change password)•For changing password of the Oracle Home User account–Use Windows tools to change the password–Windows also requires all Windows Services to be updated to use the new password –For all Windows Services used by Oracle, you can use the icon Update Password for Oracle Home User to:•update password for all Windows services used by Oracle on a computer (Single Instance Database or Client)•change password in Oracle wallet and update password for all Windows services used by Oracle ina cluster (for RAC)You can also use the tool Oracle Home User Control (orahomeuserctl) in command line (run as administrator)Recommendations for Oracle Home User•For DB server (SI)–Use Virtual Account to avoid password management (12.2)–For 12.1, specify a Windows user account during install•For RAC DB and Grid Infrastructure install–Use a domain user or group managed service account–For a group managed service account (12.2), you do not need to provide the password for any database operation•If you want to separate out administration domains (e.g. Production and Test databases) of different Oracle Homes for security reasons:–Use Virtual Account and specify distinct Oracle Base directory for each administration domain –Use distinct Oracle Home User account (and Oracle Base directory) for each administration domain •For DB client install, use Built-in Account optionSecurity•Oracle Home User•Windows Native Authentication •Kerberos and ASM enhancementsWindows Native Authentication (NTS)•Enabled by default and can work across Windows systems•Windows user logon credentials used for database authentication •Windows Explorer or Oracle Administration Assistant can be used to manage user authentication and role authorization•Works for Pluggable Databases•New client-side parameter in sqlnet.ora:–"no_ntlm“, which may be set to true for security reasons. (Only works for domain users) –Examples: CONNECT / AS SYSDBA or CONNECT /Windows Native AuthenticationSYSDBA and SYSOPER Privileges•ORA_DBA–SYSDBA privileges for all Oracle Databases on the system •ORA_OPER–SYSOPER privileges for all Oracle Databases on the system •ORA_<HomeName>_DBA (12cR1)–SYSDBA privileges for Oracle Databases on a specific Oracle Home •ORA_<HomeName>_OPER (12cR1)–SYSOPER privileges for Oracle Databases on a specific Oracle HomeAll the groups are on the server systemWindows Native AuthenticationSeparation of Privileges•ORA_<HomeName>_ SYSBACKUP (12cR1)–Backup privileges (SYSBACKUP) for databases of a specific Oracle Home •ORA_<HomeName>_SYSDG (12cR1)–Data Guard Privileges (SYSDG) for databases of a specific Oracle Home•ORA_<HomeName>_ SYSKM (12cR1)–Encryption Key Management privileges (SYSKM) for databases of a specific Oracle HomeAll the groups are on the server systemWindows Native Authentication•ORA_ASMADMIN (12cR1)–SYSASM administration privileges on the computer•ORA_ASMDBA (12cR1)–SYSDBA privileges for ASM Instance on the computer•ORA_ASMOPER (12cR1)–SYSOPER privileges for ASM Instance on the computer•ORA_DBA and ORA_OPER group members no longer get privileges for ASM instance Administrative Privileges for ASM InstanceAll the groups are on the server systemSecurity•Oracle Home User•Windows Native Authentication •Kerberos and ASM enhancementsKerberos and ASM Enhancements•Kerberos–Security enhancements that were introduced in the MIT Kerberos Release 1.8 distribution–In sqlnet.ora, setSQLNET.KERBEROS5_CC_NAME = MSLSA: (instead of OSMSFT:)•ASM file access control–Restrict access of database files to the owner of the database homeOracle Database 12c Release 2 Scalability and PerformanceLarge Pages•Improve performance with large pages support–2 MB Page size (instead of 4 KB)•If Oracle Home User is a standard Windows account, administrator must grant the "Lock pages in memory" privilege to Oracle Home User or Service SID of Oracle Database Service (NTAUTHORITY\OracleService<sid>)Large Pages•Under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME–Create ORA_LPENABLE or ORA_SID_LPENABLE–Set the value to 1 for regular mode and 2 for mixed mode–Mixed mode is the new option to allow use of large pages but fall back to small pages if OS is not able to allocate large pages–ORA_SID_LPMAXTIME is the optional time parameter for mixed mode•If a server has been running for some time and memory is fragmented, OS may fail to allocate large pages–Mixed mode can be used to ensure that DB comes up in such casesMultiple Processor Groups•Support max of 10 processor groups with up to 64 CPUs in each group in 12.1.0.2 (12.1.0.1 supports 4 processor groups)•ORACLE_AFFINITY enhanced to enable affinity of Oracle threads to CPUs in multiple processor groups–processorgroup is an optional parameter designating Windows CPU group •On systems with 64+ logical CPUs, Windows divides all available CPUs into 4 groups (0,1,2,3) with each group containing no more than 64 logical CPUs•Details in Oracle Database Platform Guide for Microsoft WindowsDNFS Client and Resilient File System•Database 12c DNFS client–Standard NFS path formats allow user to utilize standard URN notation for NFS in oranfstab config file and while working with oradnfs utility•e.g.“nfs://server/share/file”•Windows Resilient File System supportOracle Database 12c Release 2 Ease of Management and DevelopmentOracle Database Instance Manager Available as Microsoft Management Console Snap-InORADIM as an MMC Snap-In•ORADIM performs DB create, edit, delete, start, and shutdown operations •All ORADIM operations available in snap-in•Benefits–Centralized instance management for all Oracle Database Homes–Familiar Windows GUI management tool•Found in path ORACLE_HOME\MMC Snap-Ins\oradim or click on ORADIM shortcut in Oracle Home.NET DevelopmentODAC•DB Client 12.2–Application Continuity–Sharding•ODAC 12.2–Connection pool tagging– Database Resident Connection Pooling (DRCP)–Oracle Multitenant improvements–Oracle Edition-Based Redefinition improvements–Offline Schema Compare in Visual StudioCloud Windows and .NETOracle Compute Cloud ServiceDeploy .NET applications to Oracle IaaS on Windows •Windows 2012 R2and Windows 2008 R2VMs available from Oracle Cloud Marketplace to–Free during promotional period–Deploy to Oracle Compute•Deploy and configure IIS, .NET, and apps to Oracle Compute–How To White Paper: Deploying Microsoft Web ApplicationServer on Oracle Compute Cloud ServiceDevelopment & Test Easy On-Ramp to Oracle Database Cloud Services Dedicated Exadata Full-Instance Enterprise ExadataExpressHighest Availability, Scalability, Performance SMB, Departmental ApplicationsEnterprise ApplicationsThe Best Cloud Database for Windows Developers •Popular language drivers–•Multiple interfaces–Full Oracle Net (SQL*Net)–REST API, JSON storage •Updated tools–Oracle Developer Tools for VS –SQL Developer, Data Modeler –Powerful new command-lineDATABASE12cR2Oracle APEXOracle SQLDeveloperOracle Database Exadata Express Cloud Service Connect from On-premises•Use and ODT 12.1 for Oracle Public Cloud or higher –ODT for VS 2015 and VS 2013–Managed and unmanaged •How to connect:–Developing .NET Applications for Oracle Database Exadata Express Cloud Service–Uses Oracle Net Services with Oracle Wallet to secure connectionOracle Database Cloud Service (non-Exadata Express) Connect from On-premises•Use and ODT 12.1 for Oracle Public Cloud or higher–ODT for VS 2015 and VS 2013–Managed and unmanaged •How to connect:–Developing .NET Applications for Oracle Database as a Service–Secure Shell (SSH) required to secure connection•Use SSH client to create tunnel, such as PuTTY•PuTTY can also generate private and public SSH key pairQ&A。
Oracle 数据库12c新特性总结
Oracle 数据库12c新特性总结导读：本系列文章是Oracle ACE总监Syed Jaffer Hussain对Oracle数据库12c的一些新特性总结，包括数据库管理、RMAN、高可用性以及性能调优等内容。
关键词：Oracle数据库12c RMAN PGA限制不可见字段【TechTarget中国原创】编者按：甲骨文公司近日正式发布了新版旗舰级数据库Oracle Database 12c，在TechTarget数据库网站之前的一些报道中，我们曾对12c的一些新特性进行了介绍（参考：尝鲜Oracle Database 12c的十二大新特性）而随着产品正式GA，相关技术文档也披露了更多关于12c数据库的细节。
本系列文章是Oracle ACE总监Syed Jaffer Hussain对Oracle 数据库12c的一些新特性总结，包括数据库管理、RMAN、高可用性以及性能调优等内容。
Oracle 数据库12c新特性总结（一）在第一部分中，我们将介绍：1. 在线迁移活跃的数据文件2. 表分区或子分区的在线迁移3. 不可见字段4. 相同字段上的多重索引5. DDL日志6. 临时undo7. 新的备份用户特权8. 如何在RMAN中执行SQL语句9. RMAN中的表级别恢复10. PGA的大小限制问题1. 在线重命名和重新定位活跃数据文件不同于以往的版本，在Oracle数据库12c R1版本中对数据文件的迁移或重命名不再需要太多繁琐的步骤，即把表空间置为只读模式，接下来是对数据文件进行离线操作。
在12c R1中，可以使用ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE这样的SQL语句对数据文件进行在线重命名和移动。
而当此数据文件正在传输时，终端用户可以执行查询，DML以及DDL方面的任务。
另外，数据文件可以在存储设备间迁移，如从非ASM迁移至ASM，反之亦然。
重命名数据文件：SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE '/u00/data/users01.dbf' TO '/u00/data/u sers_01.dbf';从非ASM迁移数据文件至ASM：SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE '/u00/data/users_01.dbf' TO '+DG_DATA ';将数据文件从一个ASM磁盘群组迁移至另一个ASM磁盘群组：SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE '+DG_DATA/DBNAME/DATAFILE/users_0 1.dbf ' TO '+DG_DATA_02';在数据文件已存在于新路径的情况下，以相同的命名将其覆盖：SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE '/u00/data/users_01.dbf' TO '/u00/data_ new/users_01.dbf' REUSE;复制文件到一个新路径，同时在原路径下保留其拷贝：SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOVE DATAFILE '/u00/data/users_01.dbf' TO '/u00/data_ new/users_01.dbf' KEEP;当通过查询v$session_longops动态视图来移动文件时，你可以监控这一过程。
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By : Andrew Mendelsohn
企业数据架构的痛点-合久必分 分久必合
企业的经历：
• • • • • • • • • • 数据累积 性能衰减 拆分数据表 分割数据库 分布式数据库 异构与迁移 业务驱动的数据库分拆 提升性能 提高稳定性 保障数据安全 降低TCO
企业的目标：
以及数十位OCM专家，同时具备MySQL、DB2、中间件专家；
Oracle 2015: All About Cloud
Integrated
Easy Migra/on
Security
Oracle 2014: All About Cloud
Oracle 12c Designed for the Cloud
12c 多租户 – 快速的数据库分分合合
Legend GL OE AP
GL
OE
AP
整合前
整合后
12c 多租户 – 快速的数据库分分合合
GL-1 GL-2 AP-1 AP-2 PO-1
•
PDBs 可以在 CDBs
CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE newpdb FROM salespdb
17
Less down<me during patching
50% 0
31.5%
Faster backups with
3.3
<mes data growth
Unplanned Outages since produc<on. DBA team delighted !!!
Security
Applica/on Data Integrity
• 类似如下查询可以完全执行 in silicon
SQL:
SELECT count(*) Sojware in Silicon
…WHERE lo_orderdate = d_datekey …AND lo_partkey = 1059538 AND d_year_monthnum BETWEEN 201311 AND 201312;
• drain/kill
LISTENER CONNECTION FORWARDING
• Extension of SCAN technology
12c 多租户 – 在Oracle内部的最佳实践
Applica<ons consolidated on a single Container Database. 9 migrated and 8 new applica<ons
Decompression
• Results placed directly in processor cache
Engines
Sub-microsecond Cluster Messages
Capacity
Communica/on
SQL in Function：SQL查询加速
• • 新函数计算近似的
• 增加APPROX_PERCENTILE /APPROX_MEDIAN 参数
– Find the value for a given percen<le； – 6-13X faster with error typically < 1%
• 通过参数自动启用，无需变更程序
– Queries automa<cally re-written to use approximate func<ons – approx_for_aggrega<on = TRUE
数据整合与集中-用量化的数据指导决策
• 依赖数据库的详细统计数据建模
• 进行容量规划和预测 • 以量化数据指导整合迁移的资源配置 Oracle 12.1.0.2 Stat 1178 Event 1650 Oracle 11.2.0.4 Stat 679 Event 1367
数据整合与集中-从村落走向集约化管理
Solutions and Services Integrated to Work Together
Enmo Light Storage
内存加速：12c 的内存数据库选件
Normal Buffer Cache New In-Memory Format
•
BOTH 行、列格式并存
• • 兼顾OLTP和OLAP两种模式； 支持In-Flash的列式存储；
SALES
内存加速：缓存与Keep常驻内存
• Oracle Buffer Cache 数据缓存
• 通过LRU算法管理内存使用； • 可以通过KEEP池缓存指定数据表； • 11g对于大表的全表扫描，By-Pass Buffer Cache
• 10949 - "Disable autotune direct path read for full table scan" • “_serial_direct_read” parameter which forces the full scan on the big table to be a direct read
企业数据架构的痛点-烟囱式建设村落
现实与挑战
• • • • 客户在IT 建设中累积了大量的数据系统，分散割裂的部署导致了成本提升、运维复杂； 迫切希望通过数据整合和集中，降低软硬件成本，节省Oracle数据库License； 改善IT运维，降低运维复杂度； 随着硬件能力的逐步提升，使得分散系统的整合归并成为可能；
：Oracle Database 12c新特性
盖国强，云和恩墨
Who am I
o 盖国强 云和恩墨信息技术有限公司 创始人
o o 国内第一个Oracle ACE及ACE总监； 致力于技术分享与传播
o 技术论坛ITPUB的主要倡导者之一; o 已经出版了12本技术书籍； o 和张乐奕共创 Oracle用户组 - ACOUG,开展持续的公益活动；
内存加速：12c支持全库缓存
• Force Full Database Caching模式
• Oracle尝试将整个数据库缓存； • 对CDB中所有的PDB生效； • 缓存 SecureFiles / BasicFiles LOB；
12c 内存数据库：易用赢得市场
SQL in Silicon：SQL查询加速
•
GL OE AP PO
PDBs 可以从远程 CDBs 进行 克隆 PDBs 可以从 non-CDBs 进行 克隆 通过 snapshot 进行秒级快速 克隆
• •
12c 多租户 – 快速的数据库分分合合
• 云规模操作
Cloud Scale Opera<ons
• 敏捷
• Agility – 敏捷
– Rapid provisioning, cloning, movement
• Elas<city – 弹性
– Scale-out CPU cores, storage, memory
• Cloud-scale Opera<ons
– Manage many databases as-one
•
SALES Row Format SALES Column Format
In-Flash Columnar scans
简单、易用 与 高效
inmemory_size = XXX GB ALTER TABLE sales INMEMORY; ALTER TABLE sales NO INMEMORY; ALTER TABLE sales CELLMEMORY;
301 GB/sec analy<c throughput / rack
2.5X
Speed Allows Small Exadata to Replace Huge Servers plus Huge Arrays
zData – 弹性分布式存储解决方案
•
• • • “IE” Virtual SAN 20 + IO FC SAN
COUNT DISTINCT
– “How many dis<nct individuals visited our website last week?”
– 近似结果以较小资源显著加速查询
– 5x to 50x ++ <mes faster – Accuracy > 97% (with 95% confidence)
解决方案
• 通过全面的数据采样与分析，进行数据整合规划，容量评估，安全和高可用评估； • 结合业务现状、数据库现状、软硬件资源现状，为用户制定数据整合方案； • 指导用户实施数据整合和集中；
成果
• 通过整合模型，进行科学的容量规划和性能推演，制定了科学的整合方案； • 将客户现有的数十套数据库，整合为1、2、3套数据库环境； • 降低了70% ~ 80%的总体成本，大大改善了用户的运维管理；
• 真实企业环境中的分析加速
• Hardware for common range comparisons • “How many between start-date and end-date?”
Performance
In-Memory Accelera/on Engines
12c 多租户 – 简洁快速的在线切换
12c 多租户 – 简洁快速的在线切换
12c 多租户 – 简洁快速的在线切换
HOT CLONE • local undo & redo apply
INCREMENTAL REDO APPLICATION
QUIESCE SOURCE PDB