模拟联合国议案(环境污染)英文版un

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模拟联合国决议英文范文

模拟联合国决议英文范文Ladies and Gentlemen,Let's dive into the heart of diplomacy with a bit of humor and a pinch of pizzazz. Picture this: a room filled with the world's most eloquent negotiators, all dressed to impress, and ready to debate the pressing issues of our time. But instead of the usual cutthroat atmosphere, we're bringing a little levity to the table. Welcome to the United Nations of Laughter, where resolutions are passed with a wink and a nod.Resolution 2024-HA!Whereas, the world is a stage, and we are all players in this grand theatrical production known as life;And whereas, laughter is the universal language that brings us together, transcending borders and barriers;Now, therefore, be it resolved that:1. The United Nations hereby declares the first Monday of every month as "International Giggle Day," where all member nations are encouraged to share a good chuckle, no matter the color of their passports.2. We establish the "Department of Humor" within the UNSecretariat, tasked with the noble mission of injecting a dose of humor into all our resolutions and reports.3. The General Assembly shall convene an annual "World Laughter Summit," where leaders can exchange jokes, share funny stories, and perhaps even learn a thing or two about diplomacy through the art of comedy.4. We call upon all nations to recognize the power of laughter in conflict resolution, and to use it as a tool for peace, understanding, and goodwill among people.5. Lastly, we urge every citizen of the world to practice the art of laughter daily, as it is not only good for the soul but also for the heart.In conclusion, let's not take ourselves too seriously. After all, as the great philosopher, Charlie Chaplin, once said, "A day without laughter is a day wasted." So let's laugh, let's smile, and let's make the world a better place, one joke at a time.Signed,The United Nations of Laughter(End of Resolution)。

模联决议草案范文英文

模联决议草案范文英文In the ever-shifting landscape of global politics, the United Nations stands as a beacon of hope for international cooperation and peace. Today, we gather to deliberate on a resolution that seeks to address the pressing issues of our time, with the unwavering commitment to forge a path towardsa more harmonious world. This draft resolution, a testamentto our collective will, is not merely a document; it is a promise to future generations, a promise of a world where conflicts are resolved through dialogue, and where the rights of all are upheld with unwavering resolve.We propose a comprehensive approach to tackle the multifaceted challenges that confront our global community.At the heart of this resolution lies the promotion of sustainable development, recognizing that economic growth and environmental protection are not mutually exclusive butrather complementary. We call for the integration of green technologies and practices that will not only mitigate the effects of climate change but also create new opportunitiesfor economic advancement.Furthermore, this resolution underscores the importanceof education as a cornerstone of societal progress. By investing in the education of our youth, we are investing in the future. We advocate for policies that ensure access to quality education for all, regardless of socioeconomic status, and promote the inclusion of digital literacy to prepare ouryoung minds for the technological era.In the realm of human rights, we reaffirm our dedicationto the principles of equality and non-discrimination. We condemn all forms of violence and oppression, and we callupon member states to enact and enforce legislation that protects the rights of every individual, irrespective of race, gender, religion, or sexual orientation.Additionally, we recognize the critical role of women in the advancement of society and the economy. We advocate for gender equality and the empowerment of women, urging member states to dismantle barriers that prevent women from fully participating in the workforce and political life.Finally, we acknowledge the importance of peace and security in fostering an environment conducive to development. We call for the strengthening of international peacekeeping efforts and the promotion of conflict resolution mechanisms that prioritize diplomacy and dialogue over force.In conclusion, this resolution is a call to action, a rallying cry for the nations of the world to come together in the spirit of unity and cooperation. It is our belief that through collective effort and shared responsibility, we can overcome the obstacles that stand in the way of a better tomorrow. Let us embrace this resolution with open hearts and minds, and let it be a guiding light on our journey towards a more just and prosperous global community.。

模拟联合国英国环境发言稿

1.急求英国在模拟联合国大会上的英文发言稿关于环境保护节能减排Good morning chairman and delegates,It's my honor to be here.My major is chemistry, but I would like to try my best to give a speech in English.I'm the delegate of Czech.I'm in favor of the independence, the peace of the whole Korean island. Reminding all the nations share to maintain and promote the world peace. All the foreign military forces should go out from Korean island.All the people in Korean island should set up their government be voting by themselves. Korean island have right to decide everything of their own. The voting also can be watched by the countries in middle. This can make sure the justice of the voting of the government. only in this way can we realize the peace of the whole Korean island.Thank you!。

2.急求一份中国在模拟联合国大会上的英文发言稿关于环境保护节能减3.五分钟关于模拟联合国的发言稿【中英文互译】翻译的话最好不要用翻译器，我以前用过，但效果不是很好。

模拟联合国立场发言稿英文

模拟联合国立场发言稿英文Ladies and gentlemen,The United Nations has always been committed topromoting peace, security, and human rights around the world. We believe in the importance of dialogue, cooperation, and multilateralism in addressing global challenges and achieving sustainable development.As a member of the United Nations, we support the principles of the UN Charter and the Universal Declarationof Human Rights. We believe in the peaceful resolution of conflicts through diplomatic means and the respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations.We are deeply concerned about the ongoing conflicts and humanitarian crises in various parts of the world. We call for all parties involved to cease hostilities and engage in dialogue to find peaceful solutions to their differences. We also urge the international community to provide humanitarian assistance to those in need and to support efforts for post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation.In addition, we are committed to addressing the root causes of global challenges such as poverty, inequality, climate change, and the spread of infectious diseases. We believe in the importance of sustainable development and environmental protection, and we are dedicated to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals set forth by the United Nations.Furthermore, we believe in the promotion and protection of human rights for all, regardless of race, religion, gender, or sexual orientation. We stand against discrimination, violence, and oppression, and we support efforts to promote equality, justice, and inclusion for all individuals and communities.In conclusion, the United Nations remains steadfast in its commitment to upholding the principles of peace, security, and human rights. We will continue to work towards a more peaceful, just, and sustainable world for all.女士们，先生们，联合国一直致力于在全球范围内促进和平、安全和人权。

模拟联合国作文怎么写英语

模拟联合国作文怎么写英语Introduction:The Model United Nations (MUN) is an educational simulation of the United Nations where students can learn about diplomacy, international relations, and the United Nations agenda. Writing an essay for MUN requires a deep understanding of the assigned country's stance, the issue at hand, and the ability to present a well-structured argument. This essay will guide you through the process of writing a compelling MUN essay in English.1. Understanding the Assignment:Begin by thoroughly reading the background guide provided for your assigned country and the specific topic. Understand the key issues, historical context, and the country'sposition on the matter.2. Research:Conduct extensive research on the topic. Look for official documents, speeches, and statements made by the country's representatives to the UN. This will help you align your essay with the country's actual policies and perspectives.3. Outline the Structure:Organize your thoughts and create an outline. A typical MUN essay should include:- Introduction: State the issue and your country's position.- Background: Provide context and explain the significance of the issue.- Arguments: Present your country's arguments, backed by evidence and examples.- Solutions: Propose solutions or policies that your country supports.- Conclusion: Summarize your country's stance andreiterate the importance of the issue.4. Writing the Introduction:Start with a strong introduction that clearly states the topic and your country's viewpoint. This sets the tone for the rest of the essay.5. Developing the Background:Provide a brief history of the issue, highlighting key events and developments. This section should demonstrate your understanding of the topic and its relevance to your assigned country.6. Presenting Arguments:Use this section to detail your country's arguments. Each argument should be clear, concise, and supported by evidence. Be sure to cite your sources to enhance credibility.7. Proposing Solutions:Offer solutions that align with your country's interests and values. These should be realistic and actionable, showing that your country is committed to addressing the issue.8. Concluding the Essay:End with a strong conclusion that reinforces yourcountry's stance and the importance of the issue. You may also include a call to action for other nations to join in the effort.9. Proofreading and Editing:Carefully proofread your essay for grammatical errors, clarity, and coherence. Ensure that your arguments are logically presented and that your essay flows well.10. Formatting and Citations:Adhere to the formatting guidelines provided by your MUN conference. Properly cite all sources using a consistent citation style.Conclusion:Writing a Model United Nations essay is an opportunity to engage with complex global issues and to advocate for your assigned country's interests. By following these steps, you can craft a well-argued, informative, and persuasive essay that contributes to the MUN debate.。

模联印度立场文件PositionPaperofIndia英文版范文合集

模联印度立场文件PositionPaperofIndia英文版范文合集第一篇：模联印度立场文件Position Paper of India英文版Committee: The United Nations Environmental Protection Agency Topic: The Prevention& Control of atmospheric pollution Country: The Republic of India Delegate: Sun Jiangwenxiu&DiYa Atmospheric pollution has become the world's biggestenvironmental problemand increasingly drawn the wide attention of the world.To solve this problem, the United Nations has done a large number of surveys to find the main cause of the pollution and established the UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme(UNEP)as the world organization of the UNco-ordination to get to grips with pollution in 1972.India has always followed their action and taken some relative measures.As a developing country, with the development of industrial and cities, India has been damaged seriously.Air pollution in India is a serious issue with the major sources fromwood and biomass burning, fuel adulteration, vehicle emission and traffic congestion.Meanwhile, based on the analysis of the environmental actuality, government has drawn up a detailed list of measuresand put forward the control countermeasures for reducing pollution.Such as the promotion of natural gas as a vehicle fuel,encouraging people to use public transport to lessen emissionas well as restricting commercial trucks into the city.Second, India passed onThe Air(Prevention and Control of Pollution)Act to strengthen the force of supervision.Then local organizations establish smoke alarms, so that people know the air quality changes.It is an indisputable fact that an awareness of public environmental protection needs to be enhanced.So, In addition to rev up publicity withadvertisements, the institution of environmental protectionorganizes and encourages afforestation and the protection of forests.All of these methods have made a great effect on pollution.Now, the environmental state is showing signs of improvement.But that’s not enough, India will learn from other countries which conduct well as the United States and Japan.Air pollution is a global problem, it related to every member’s interests.The members must immediately solve it together.India will also develop capabilities to the maximum.第二篇：模联文件写作——立场文件模联会议文件写作——立场文件发表于 2009-11-26 12:12:23 | 作者：模联人 | 6,576 views 环球令德旗下网站，转载请注明出处。

模拟联合国英语小作文模板

模拟联合国英语小作文模板Title: Model United Nations English Short Essay Template。

Introduction:Model United Nations (MUN) is a simulation of the United Nations where students take on the role of delegates from different countries and debate on various global issues. It is an educational experience that allows students to learn about international relations, diplomacy, and the United Nations itself. In this essay, we will discuss the structure and format of a typical MUN conference and provide a template for writing a short essay on the topic.Structure of a Model United Nations Conference:A typical MUN conference is organized by a group of students or a school, and it usually involves students fromdifferent schools and countries. The conference begins with an opening ceremony, during which the Secretary-General and other key organizers give speeches to welcome the delegates. After the opening ceremony, the delegates are divided into different committees, such as the General Assembly,Security Council, and various specialized agencies. Each committee is assigned specific topics to debate and resolutions to draft.During the committee sessions, delegates engage in debates, negotiations, and lobbying to address the issuesat hand. They work together to draft resolutions that propose solutions to the problems being discussed. The conference concludes with a closing ceremony, during which the resolutions are voted on and awards are given to outstanding delegates and delegations.Template for Writing a Short Essay on Model United Nations:1. Introduction:Start with a brief introduction to MUN and its significance in educating students about global issues and diplomacy.Mention the purpose of the essay and provide an overview of the points to be discussed.2. Background Information:Provide some background information about the United Nations and its role in addressing global challenges.Explain the concept of MUN and its objectives in simulating the UN.3. Personal Experience:Share your personal experience of participating in a Model United Nations conference.Discuss the country or committee you represented and the topics you debated.4. Skills Developed:Highlight the skills and knowledge you gained from participating in MUN, such as public speaking, negotiation, research, and teamwork.Discuss how these skills are valuable for your personal and academic development.5. Impact on Global Awareness:Explain how MUN has influenced your understanding of global issues and the role of international organizationsin addressing them.Discuss the importance of promoting global awareness and cooperation among young people.6. Conclusion:Summarize the key points discussed in the essay.Emphasize the value of MUN in promoting global citizenship and fostering a deeper understanding of international relations.Conclusion:Model United Nations is an invaluable educational tool that enables students to learn about international diplomacy, global issues, and the United Nations. By participating in MUN conferences, students develop essential skills and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them. The template provided in this essay can serve as a guide for writing a short essay on the topic, and it can be adapted to suit different perspectives and experiences. Overall, MUN plays a crucial role in shaping the next generation of global citizens and leaders.。

mun模拟联合国常用英文单词（5篇范文）

mun模拟联合国常用英文单词（5篇范文）第一篇：mun 模拟联合国常用英文单词mun 模拟联合国常用英文单词、语句 abstain弃权agenda日程amendment修正案background guide背景资料bloc国家集团caucus磋商moderated caucus有主持核心磋商 unmoderated caucus非正式磋商crisis危机directive指令draft resolution决议草案draft directive指示草案formal debate正式辩论motion动议observer观察员operative clause行动性条款page 意向条placard 国家牌point 问题position paper立场文件preambulatory clause序言性条款rapportrur记录员roll call点名second 赞成signatory 附议国sponsor 起草国simple majority简单多数（1/2...+1）speakers' list 发言名单working paper工作文件vote表决Eg:Yield time 让渡时间...to another delegate/questions/comments/chairMotion动议motion to change the speaking time motion for a un-moderated caucusmotion to close debate/suspend the meetingPoint问题point of inquiry咨询性问题poingt of order程序性personal privilege个人特权发言---My fellow delegates,we are gathered here today to discuss Let me reiterate重申the reasons why we...Taking into account/Whith respect to/In observation of 考虑到our current finantial situationIn the interest ofFor the purpose ofIn hopes thatWe demand that...apologize immediatelywe respectfully disagree with your opinion,and would like to propose our ownwe concur(agreee)withAllow us to remind the committeewe recommmendMight is right（建议使用武力）we highly/strongly/vigorously反击---Think ofYour logic is flawed（有缺陷的）I want you to rememberHave not...and will never(We have not surrendered,and will never surrender停止抵抗)That argument is quite cliche（boring），we have heard it a thousand times,and each time it makes no sense第二篇：模拟联合国(MUN)简介（精选）模拟联合国（MUN）简介1.模拟联合国简介 1.1模联的成立在1947年的联合国大会上，成员国一致宣誓：（原文如下）...encourage the teaching of the United Nations Charter and the purposes and principles, the structure, background and activities of the United Nations in the schools and institutes of higher learning of their countries, with particular emphasis on such instruction in elementary and secondary schools.模联即为响应这一提议而创生。

环境污染EnvironmentalPollution英语作文

环境污染Environmental Pollution英语作文环境污染Environmental Pollution英语作文导语：我们政府正努力制定措施与污染作斗争。

因此,动物和植物濒临绝种。

下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!1. 世界人口越来越多，环境污染也随之严重。

2.污染治理情况。

3.需进一步采取措施。

Environmental PollutionWith the explosion of population in the world, more and more poisonous waste is produced. As a resuit, a lot of rivers and lakes are polluted. In some areas, the air also becomes dirty and harmful. Consequently, animals and plants are endangered. And peopie's health is greatly affected.Fortunately, more and more people have realized the serious situation. Many countries have passed laws to prevent the environment from being further polluted. People are working hard to find ways to keep the earth clean: they treat waste gases, protect water sources and purify waste water. Definitely, controlling the increase of population is one of the most efficient ways.However, in future more efforts will be needed to win the battle against pollution, The laws controlling pollution must be strictly enforced, And above all, attention should be paid to the education of the people so that everyone will show his concern about environmental protectionA larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmentalprotection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.环境污染与世界上的人口爆炸,越来越多的有害垃圾产生了。

如何解决环境污染问题英语作文

如何解决环境污染问题英语作文环境的污染问题日益眼严重，我们的英语写作对于这类话题比重也日益增加。

下面是店铺给大家整理的如何解决环境污染问题英语作文，供大家参阅!如何解决环境污染问题英语作文1I saw a chemical factory pouring the waste water into the river.The river was very dirty.The fishes and animals died because of the pollution.It also polluted the flowers and grass near the river.I think we should protect the environment.I think the government can do something useful to stop the pollution and protect the environment.如何解决环境污染问题英语作文2Nowadays, more and more people realize it`s necessary and important to protect the environment. Also,there are some people who don`t pay attention to hygiene and they can`t stop littering the rubbish casually or spitting everywhere all the time.And in addition, there are a few factories often cutting down the trees, discharging chemicals and dirty water and so on.And it causes many problems like the Greenhouse Effect.If they do these day by day and our life will be harder and harder,so we have to stop them. To stop them we can put up commonweal advertisements and tell them the detriment of destroying the environment.So we can start from now to make a beautiful life. 如何解决环境污染问题英语作文3We can’t live without water, but now the water was polluted. It is the biggest problem. It influences our daily life. So we should find a way to solve this problem. Water is important resources. In our daily life, we often leave the tap on after cleaning hands.Sometimes we often drop litter in the river. So the water was polluted by us. I think we could use a bottle of water two or three times. We have to turn off the tap after cleaning hands.Let’s try to form a good habit and save thi ngs around us. Let’s do it from now on!Fish can’t live without water. Plants can’t live without water. People can’t live without water, either. As you can see, the water is very important to us. But now drinking water is less and less. The water was polluted seriously.So we would act quickly in order to save the water, But what must we do now? I think we can plant trees, clean the banks of the river, water the plants by using used water. Turn off the shower while we are washing hair. And we shouldn’t drop litter into the river and so on.如何解决环境污染问题英语作文4Environmental problem has become an important and crucial issue. The abysmal lack of fresh water, the desertification, the green house effect and the extinction of creatures are the main issues in environment.环境问题已成为一个重要和关键的问题。

模拟联合国英文组决议草案

模拟联合国英文组决议草案第一篇：模拟联合国英文组决议草案Draft Resolution 1.2 Committee: The Economic and Social CouncilTopic: The Reform of International Monetary System Sponsors: UK, France, Germany, Australia Signatories: China, BrazilThe Economic and Social Council, Due to a liquidity shortfall in the United States banking system, the financial crisis of 2007-2010 contributed to the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth, substantial financial commitments incurred by governments, and a significant decline in economic activity.Both market-based and regulatory solutions have been implemented or are under consideration, while significant risks remain for the world economy over the 2010–2011 periods.The members of ECOSOC committees have worked together with urgency and determination to translate their agreement into action.In April, 2009, a prudent statement delivered in London Summit comprises of such practices and plans as restoring growth and jobs, strengthening financial supervision and regulation and global financial institutions, ensuring a fair and sustainable recovery for all and so forth.At the meantime, IMF received an additional $850 billion of resources to support growth in emerging market and developing countries.The Seoul Summit in 2010, deepening the consensus of the London Summit, has emphasized the significance of considering development as a long-term topic in G20 and of international cooperation.In order to restore the economic growth and rebuild trust, however, we shall focus on the reform of international monetary system.Firstly,financial regulation and supervision are major concerns of the new monetary system;booming the economy, meanwhile, is the problem we now confronting with;and mulitiplorization of currency becomes the trend in international monetary system.This draft resolution aims at bettering international monetary system through three fundamental ways.To that end we claim the following points practical and crucial:1, Strengthening the supervision and regulation of international monetary system;(a)Constructing a flexible monetary system;(i)Undertake macroeconomic policies to ensure ongoing recovery and sustainable growth and enhance the stability of financial markets, in particular moving toward more market-determined exchange rate systems, enhancing exchange rate flexibility to reflect underlying economic fundamentals, and refraining from competitive devaluation of currencies.Advanced economies, including those with reserve currencies, will be vigilant against excess volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates.These actions will help mitigate the risk of excessive volatility in capital flows facing some emerging countries;(ii)Reform international financial institution.IMF shall better reflect the changes in the world economy through greater representation of dynamic emerging markets and developing countries.These comprehensive quota and governance reforms will enhance the IMF’s legitimacy, credibility and effect iveness, making it an even stronger institution for promoting global financial stability and growth.(iii)Add core elements of a new financial regulatory framework, including bank capital and liquidity standards, as well as measures to better regulate and effectively resolve systemically important financial institutions,complemented by more effective oversight and supervision.This new framework will ensure a more resilient financial system by reining in the past excesses of the financial sector and better serving the needs of our economies.(b)Strengthen global financial safety nets;(i)Strengthen global financial safety nets, which help countries cope with financial volatility by providing them with practical tools to overcome sudden reversals of international capital flows.(ii)Continue to monitor and assess ongoing implementation of the commitments made today and in the past in a transparent and objective way.We hold ourselves accountable.What we promise, we will deliver.(iii)Better reflect the perspective of emerging market economies in financial regulatory reforms;strengthen regulation and oversight of shadow banking;further work on regulation and supervision of commodity derivatives markets;improve market integrity and efficiency;enhance consumer protection;pursue all outstanding governance reform issues at the IMF and World Bank;and build a more stable and resilient international monetary system, including by further strengthening global financial safety nets.We will also expand our MAP based on the indicative guidelines to be agreed.2.Booming the global economy;(a)Fighting protectionism and promoting trade and investment;(i)Keeping markets open and liberalizing trade and investment as a means to promote economic progress for all and narrow the development gap.These trade and investment liberalization measures will help the Framework objectives for strong, sustainable and balanced growth, and must be complemented by our unwavering commitment to resist protectionism in all its forms.(ii)Call on relevant international agencies to coordinate a collective multilateral response tosupport trade facilitation;and to support measures to increase the availability of trade finance in developing countries，(b)Creating more jobs;Improve the development of employable skills matched to employer and labor market needs in order to enhance the ability to attract investment, create decent jobs and increase productivity.We will support the development of internationally comparable skills indicators and the enhancement of national strategies for skills development.(c)Accelerating the development of the emerging market;Continuing the dynamic process aimed at enhancing the voice and representation of emerging market and developing countries, including the poorest, through a comprehensive review of the quota formula by January 2013 to better reflect the economic weights;and through completion of the next general review of quotas by January 2014.3.Establish a diversified international currency reserve system;(a)Consolidate the status of Euro.Eastern Europe, Southern Europe and the countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea can peg the currency with the euro and even join the euro in the future.(b)Study the creation of “regional monetary units” and have made an agreement to regard the creation of regional currency units as one of the long-term goals to promote regional integration.(i)Rationally design of the process of RMB exchange rate system reform, based on the Asia-Pacific region to achieve the internationalization of RMB.(ii)Promote the internationalization of the yen.(c)The Latin American can use ruble in the area.4.Underlines that further decisions will be required, should additional measures be necessary;5.Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.湖南大学第三届模拟联合国大赛英文组第二篇：模拟联合国决议草案1泉州师范学院模拟联合国大会决议草案决议草案委员会：经济与社会理事会议题：加强联合国人道主义和救灾援助，促进世界和谐起草国：俄罗斯中国澳大利亚印度尼西亚叙利亚刚果伊拉克德国阿根廷马来西亚巴西墨西哥南非沙特阿拉伯附议国：菲律宾朝鲜经社理事会回顾1991年联合国大会通过的46/182号决议，要求加强在人道主义领域内的行动，并为此设立了人道主义事务部，还回顾其历年通过的有关决议，特别是2009年3月31日第64/6号、2008年7月25日第62/322号、2009年7月22日第64/84号决议，强调人道主义和救灾援助是建立在平等友好的基础上的，深信人道主义援助与救灾行动对于维护国际社会和谐稳定的重要意义，确保国际社会对灾害和紧急情况作出及时、连贯一致和协调的反应，并协助从紧急救济到复原与发展的顺利过渡，同意制订和推行联合国系统及其合作伙伴人道主义问题的共同政策，动员和协调人道主义紧急状况的援助，谴责一切附带政治性条款的人道主义援助与救灾措施的行为，认为联合国应发展和调动联合国加快提供国际人道主义援助的能力，泉州师范学院模拟联合国大会决议草案促进减少灾害风险，宣传人道主义问题，提供紧急状况和自然灾害的及时信息，以促进全球人道主义援助，重申在复杂紧急情况和自然灾害局势中提供人道主义援助的所有行为体都应推动和充分遵守人道、中立、公正和独立的人道主义原则，欣见于2008 年6月3日至5日在罗马举行世界粮食保障问题高级别会议，并指出执行其结果，包括关于人道主义援助的内容，认识到紧急情况、恢复和发展之间的明确关系，并重申提供紧急援助的方式应迅速、有执行力并且有助于复兴和长期发展，以保证救济工作平稳地过渡为恢复和发展工作，注意到1949年的《日内瓦公约》及相关的1977年《附加议定书》以及2005年关于新增特殊标志的《第三附加议定书》所组成的“国际人道法”所做的呼吁：“无论是作为个人，还是通过政府或各种组织，我们都可以对遵守国际人道法做出重要贡献。

模拟联合国环境

Shanghai American School Pudong Model United Nations 2015 Forum: Environment CommitteeIssue: Addressing the impacts of heavy industry on public healthStudent Officer:Elyse ToderPosition: Deputy Chair of the Environment CommitteeIntroductionHeavy industry is one of the major causes of air pollution as well as water pollution and global warming. According to Dr Flavia Bustreo, World Health Organization’s (WHO) Assistant Director-General of Family, Women and Children’s Health, “cleaning up the air we breathe prevents no communicable diseases as well as reduces disease risks among women and vulnerable groups, including children and the elderly”. Currently, worldwide, ambient air pollution contributes to 6.7% of all deaths.Air pollution can cause r espiratory diseases, such as acute respiratory infections. It causes chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and it is the greatest single environmental health risk. In 2012, seven million people died from diseases related to air pollution. Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Regions had the worst air pollution in 2012, with indoor and outdoor air pollution-related deaths reaching 3.3 million and 2.6 million deaths, respectively.Emissions from burning fossil fuels to power heavy industries not only contribute to air pollution but are also a major cause of global warming. According to WHO, “extreme high temperatures [from global warming] contribute to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, particularly among elderly people.” For example, the 2003 European heat wave caused over 70,000 deaths. Extreme heat also elevates levels of pollen and other aeroallergens, which can trigger asthma.Industrial wastewater from heavy industries contributes to industrial effluents, which, along with agricultural runoff and domestic sewage, pollute groundwater. Industrial effluents include poisonous heavy metals such as lead and mercury and there are also other chemicals from effluent which cause cancer. Contaminated groundwater not only limits the amount of safe drinking water but also infiltrates the food chain, which can cause widespread health issues including cancer, mental retardation and premature death.Health problems that arise from the pollution generated by heavy industry cause billions of dollars of “hidden” costs. The public pays the ultimate price in poor health. The burden to provide medical services falls to national governments, with funding from taxpayers, while heavy industry is given a free ride. This committee seeks to prevent these problems but also to redistribute responsibility in a more equitable manner.118Shanghai American School Pudong Model United Nations 2015 218Definition of Key TermsHeavy industryAn industry engaged in the large-scale complex manufacture of capital goods or extraction of raw materials. Examples of heavy industries include steel fabrication, automobile manufacturing, iron ore mining and crude oil drilling and refining.Cardiovascular DiseasesTypes of disease that have to do with your heart and circulatory system. The circulatory system, which includes the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries, transports blood throughout the body. Examples of cardiovascular diseases include heart attacks or strokes.Respiratory diseaseTypes of disease that affect the lungs. For example, asthma and lung cancer.CarcinogenSubstance that has the ability to cause cancer in living tissue.WastewaterWater that has been negatively affected by pollutants and is usually caused by human activities such as heavy industries and agriculture.Microbial pollutionPollution that is caused by accidental contamination from bacteria, yeast, mold and fungi.Light industryLight industry is less capital intensive than heavy industry and tends to focus on end users rather than intermediaries. Textiles and consumer electronics are examples of light industries.Shanghai American School Pudong Model United Nations 2015318HistoryIndustrial RevolutionThe first Industrial Revolution was from 1760-1820. It mainly focused on improving methods for spinning and weaving which greatly increased the efficiency of manufacturing textiles and significantly lowered costs. It was the first period where large-scale manufacturing displaced craftsmen and led to an increase in urbanization.Although textiles are light industry, two factors led to the development of heavy industry. First, to improve the efficiency of machinery, wood was replaced with metal. Second, power generation improved when coking coal replaced charcoal in steam engines. The second Industrial Revolution (1870-1914) built on these trends and focused on heavy industries such as steel, railroads, petroleum, chemicals and electricity.Working conditions in factories during the industrial revolution were horrible and child labor was common. There were no regulations limiting emissions from factories and the increase in coal use caused air pollution to increase substantially. Uncontrolled disposal of wastewater from factories also polluted many rivers in industrialized areas.Later 1987, WHO published the Air Quality Guidelines. The Kyoto Protocol, adopted on December 11th, 1997, is connected to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and sets international guidelines on emission reduction targets. On June 11th 2015, the annual United Nations climate change conference was held in Bonn, Germany.Shanghai American School Pudong Model United Nations 2015 418Figure #1: Industrial RevolutionWater pollutionIndustrialization increased water pollution. Rivers and lakes have been polluted bywastewater from factories and untreated sewage from increased population density in cities.Acid rainWhen fossil fuels are burned, they produce ash that contains toxic chemicals. The ash isreleased into the air and, when it mixes with water vapor, it creates acid rain. Acid rain was discovered in the 1850s. At that time, acid rain was primarily caused by coal-based power plants, which released large amounts of sulfur and nitrogen into the atmosphere. Other fossil fuels, such as petroleum, also release these harmful compounds when they are burned.Most lakes and streams have a PH level of six to eight. If the sulfur and nitrogencompounds released by burning fossil fuels cannot be buffered by the soil, acid rain lowers the PH of the water (ie. it becomes more acidic). Changing the chemistry of the water negatively impacts vegetation, fish and soil. In addition, acid rain can erode the exterior of buildings and other structures.Acid rain not only negatively affects vegetation, fish and soil; it also damages humanhealth. When nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide combine in the atmosphere they create fine sulfate and nitrate particles. If inhaled, they can cause heart and lung diseases such as asthma.Great London SmogThe Great London Smog of December 1952 was caused by air pollution and resulted in4,000 deaths. After that event, the UK government passed the Clean Air Act and became the first nation to legislate air quality. The Act moved heavy industry and power generation to rural areas, which decreased the number of people affected by the air pollution caused by these industries.Bhopal disasterThe Bhopal disaster happened on December 2, 1984, at the Union Carbide pesticideplant in Bhopal, India. It is estimated that 20,000 people died due to this disaster, making it the biggest industrial disaster the world has ever experienced. The accident occurred when a factory malfunction caused methyl isocyanate (MIC) - a lethal chemical – to be released into the air. The gas damaged people’s respiratory systems, kidneys, livers, and brains. People were forced to flee their houses and retreat across a river to another part of the city.Key IssuesAir pollutionAir pollution is the contamination of air from harmful gases, dust or smoke. There are two types of air pollution: visible air pollution like smog and invisible air pollution like formaldehyde.“The risks from air pollution are far greater than previously thought or understood, particularly for heart disease and strokes” (Dr. Maria Neira, Director of WHO’s Department for Public Health).Figure #2: Continents that are most affected by pollutionOzoneThe ozone (O3) layer protects the earth from harmful ultra violet (UV) rays from the sun.The ozone layer is becoming depleted due to an increase in chlorofluorocarbons and hydro chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere, which increases the amount of UV rays which reach the surface of the earth. UV rays have different wavelengths. Although longer wavelengths (320-400nm, called UV-A) help in the formation of Vitamin D in the skin, too much exposure causes sunburn. The shorter wavelengths (290-320nm, called UV-B) damage DNA. Excess exposure to UV rays from the sun can cause skin cancer (melanoma) and cataracts. CFC’s were produced by the chemical industry and used as coolants in refrigerators and air conditioners. The Montreal518Protocol on the Ban on CFCs, which was signed in 1987, is an example of international cooperation to reduce pollution.Ground level ozone is created by chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the sunlight. Heavy industries such as electrical utilities as well as automobile exhaust and chemical solvents are major sources of NOx and VOC. Ozone is the major component of urban smog and it can be transported into rural areas by the wind.Inhaling ozone can inflame and damage the airways and aggravate lung diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. Long-term exposure can cause scarring in lungs.Children are most susceptible to the negative effects of ozone because their lungs are still forming.Nitrogen DioxideHeavy industries increase the amount of Nitrogen Dioxide’s (NO2) in the atmosphere. NO2 is created from the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, vehicles, and factories. Short-term exposure to NO2can irritate lungs and lower resistance to respiratory infections. Long-term exposure can increase the chance of acute respiratory illness in child ren.Sulfur DioxideSulfur Dioxide (SO2) is formed when fuels that contain sulfur, such as coal and oil, are burned to create electricity. Heavy industries are a major consumer of electricity. Coking coal is also burned during the smelting process to make steel. Exposure to high concentrations of SO2 cause respiratory illness and aggravate patients with existing cardiovascular diseases.Heavy MetalsLead and mercury are the most common heavy metal pollutants. People can be exposed to lead through contaminated air, food, water and soil as well some types of paint. Long-term exposure can cause anemia, kidney disease, reproductive disorders, seizures, mental retardation, and behavioral disorders. M ercury can also be present in the air and in water.Burning coal is the major source of mercury in the environment. When mercury is introduced into the ecosystem, natural bacteria can absorb it and convert it into more toxic methyl mercury.Methyl mercury can be found in inland waterways and oceans and enters the food chain through fish. Exposure to mercury can cause cardiovascular disease and mothers who have eaten contaminated fish are at risk of their newborns having impaired motor skills and learning abilities.618Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a gas that is formed when carbon, which is present in fuels such as petroleum and coal, is not burned completely. CO is primarily produced by automobiles and is the major component of car exhaust. When carbon monoxide is inhaled, it enters into the bloodstream and hinders a cell’s ability to deliver oxygen to organs and tissues. Long-term exposure can cause visual impairment, reduced work capacity, and reduced manual dexterity, poor learning ability and difficulty performing complex tasks.Water pollutionWater pollution is caused by industrialization and urbanization. Chemical waste byproducts of manufacturing can be released into the environment and contaminate the water supply. In addition, air pollutants such as carbon dioxide are trapped in precipitation and cause a chemical contamination when large quantities collect in groundwater and flow into waterways.MiningDuring the mining process, raw forms of coal are extracted which contain harmful chemicals. It can contaminate water and make it dangerous to drink. In addition, mining creates metal waste and sulphides, which are also harmful substances.Mining accidents not only kill thousand of people every year, they also negatively impact health. Coal mining releases coal mine methane, which is 20 times more lethal than CO2. Black lung disease caused by coalmine methane is very common for miners and people who live near mines.Industrial wasteHeavy industries produce a large amount of waste that contain chemical and pollutants such as lead, mercury, sulfur, asbestos and nitrates. Many factories lack proper waste management systems and drain these pollutants directly into fresh water, which flows into rivers and canals. Toxic substances can change the chemistry of water resulting in a change in color, increase in the amount of minerals (ie. Eutrophication), and changes in temperature, all of which pose a threat to fish and other wildlife, and the people who rely on them..718Land pollution is caused by the destruction of the Earth’s surface and soil. People are exposed to land pollution through food and vegetables that have been grown in polluted areas. Consuming affected foods can cause cancer and other diseases.DeforestationIndustrial scale agriculture and a growing population have led to deforestation, as more farmland is needed to grow food. In addition, chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides have been developed to increase agricultural output. Some of these chemicals can be toxic.Global warmingGlobal warming is caused by greenhouse gases that are released into the air. These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, which causes the temperature to rise. Rising water temperatures can cause the death of marine life and result in water pollution.Major Countries and Organizations InvolvedWHOThe World Health Organization has many programs that focus on this issue. One such initiative is the Programme on Household Pollution. The program combats growing diseases caused by pollution. In addition, the WHO also published “Air Quality Guidelines” in 1987.UNEPThe United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) cooperates with UN-HABITAT. They work together to improve sustainability in urban planning and management, analyzing air pollution, climate change, water and sanitation in different cities. Together, these two organizations formulated a 2008-2009 implementation plan which focuses on climate change, sustainable urban mobility, integrated waste management, urban biodiversity, and ecosystems.In addition, UNEP has a partnership with Clean Fuels and Vehicles (PCFV). These two organizations work together to promote better air quality in LEDCs through the use of more renewable energy sources and environmentally friendly vehicles.818UNESCO leads the World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP). The main mission of the WWAP is to influence leaders in government, the private sector, and civil society to ensure that their policies promote sustainable social and economic development on all scales. In addition, the WWAP works with the UN on the UN Water Report by providing information on the management of the world’s freshwater resources.Developing countriesIndia: Along the Ganges and its tributaries, 764 industrial plants release toxic waste at arate of 500 million liters per day (mld). In addition, untreated sewage is dumped into theriver. People bathe in the river and the contaminated water can quickly spread diseasesthroughout the population.Indonesia: Class 1 water is safe to drink according to the national Regulation 82/2001.In Indonesia, there are 30 rivers that do not meet the criteria for class 1 certification. Oneof the major factors is mercury contamination from mining.Mexico: Due to the dense population in Mexico City, CO2emissions released byvehicles and coal burning in factories negatively impacts public health. Therefore, Mexicoplans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50% by 2050. In addition, the country isdeveloping a carbon credit trading system to reduce emissions caused by the electricity,oil, cement and steel sectors.South Africa: The majority of the air pollution In South Africa arises from burning of fossilfuels, and over 90% of electricity is generated from coal. The pollutants from burning coalcan cause lung cancer. Therefore, South Africa plans to stop the increase of greenhousegas emissions by 2025.OECDThe Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published The Cost of Air Pollution: Health Impacts of Road Transport on May 21, 2014. This book mainly addresses the impact of air pollution and methods for solving it.918The EEA (European Environment Agency) is making air pollution data available and assessing pollution trends and related policies. In addition, they are analyzing air pollution policies in different areas (climate change, energy, transport, industry)EUThe EU published their standards on toxic emissions from coal plants in December, 2012. In addition, the EU passed the world’s first Environmental Action Plan that was adopted in July, 1937, and founded the European Environmental Bureau in 1974.Timeline of EventsDate Description of events1948 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the UN on December 10th, 1948. The document stated that everyone has the right to health.1956 The Air Clean Act was passed by the UK Parliament following the Great London Smog. This was the first legislation regulating industries which were highly polluting and it required them to relocate to less populated rural areas.1970 The Clean Air Act of 1970 was a huge step in the United States federal government’s involvement in regulation of air pollution levels. This act led to the creation of many new regulations such as the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), State Implementation Plans (SIPs), New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs).1979 On November 13, 1979, the Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution was the first international convention to deal with air pollution on a regional level. The treaty provisions were implemented in 1983 and later extended by eight protocols.10181987 The Air Quality Guidelines was published by WHO. It was the first set of guidelines published by WHO which addressed air pollution. The document was revised in 1997.2011 The United Nations Working Group on Business and Human Rights ensures that corporation does not challenge sustainable development. In addition, the Working Group called for businesses to be more transparent when they are dealing with human rights.Relevant UN Treaties and Events• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (December 10, 1948)• The Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (November 13, 1979) • Air Quality Guidelines (1987)• Resolution A/RES/44/228 (UN Conference on Environment and Development, Dec. 1999)• United Nations Working Group on Business and Human Rights (2011)Previous Attempts to Solve the IssueThe Air Quality Guidelines published by WHO, the Clean Air Act and the Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution were intended to decrease air pollution, both indoors and outdoors. In addition, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been periodically publishing reports on climate change. Although these initiatives aimed to decrease air pollution, none of them have achieved this goal.The technology for producing energy from renewable sources is immature and it is very costly to replace existing power generation facilities. Therefore, governments have been hesitant to completely transition to renewable energy even though it would reduce air pollution, improve the quality of life and lower long-term medical costs.1118Possible SolutionsOne of the many possible ways to solve this issue is to add regulations and policies. For example, governments could attach provisions to the issuing of construction permits requiring companies to reduce emissions and restrict the locations zoned for heavy industry, power plants and other energy-intensive business near urban areas. In addition, governments could use tax policies and market-oriented incentives that encourage conservation since such measures have helped reduce pollution in Japan and many European countries. Finally, national governments could create an environmental public health yardstick to evaluate their performance as well that of local governments and individual officials.Nations can reduce their reliance on fossil fuels in general, and more specifically coal, which is a major source of pollution. Investment in and adoption of cleaner energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric and nuclear would also helps to solve this problem. Solar power can be generated on both a macro scale, with large plants feeding directly into the grid, and on a micro scale by encouraging single-family homes to install solar panels and the construction of smart buildings in metropolitan areas. Therefore, governments should request more research to be done on renewable energy technology so that nations that are hesitant to transition away from fossil fuels will have more incentives to do so.Education and promotion are potential tools to solve this problem. For example, governments can promote clean manufacturing by providing tax breaks and subsidies for business which upgrade to more efficient and cleaner procedures and practices including such activities as buying associated equipment and improving insulation. Countries can also reduce the consumption of products and services that were created by major polluters or by heavy industry in general. This can be encouraged by raising public awareness among consumers and, at the government level, by adopting policies/legislation regarding information on packaging and through the tax code. More economically developed countries (MEDCs) should provide aid to less economically developed countries (LEDCs) to help them afford equipment and develop expertise that increases efficiency and reduces pollution. Finally, to facilitate greater participation and awareness, countries should make air quality information easily available to the public.Corruption must be weeded out in order to ensure that heavy industries’ impact on the environment and public health is reduced. In addition to individual-level instances of bribery and preferential treatment, corruption includes government connections to businesses such as the formulation of favorable policies that are reinforced by powerful lobby groups. Corruption also refers to a lack of freedom for the public to make complaints and take big business to court as well as misleading the public by misrepresenting the true scale of a problem. Possible solutions to this problem would be to1218attack corruption at different levels of the government by setting up organizations to oversee the granting of permits/licenses to heavy industries and establishing independent organizations to formulate clear, strict, air and water quality standards, monitor pollution levels and make the data available to the public.Governments can reduce pollution by investing in research and development of cleaner industries as well as establishing programs, competitions and reward systems at a national level that encourage innovation in industry and encouraging private partnerships. In addition, governments should promote the enforcement of laws that limit greenhouse gas emissions and regulate disposal of industrial wastes. Specific incentives could encourage the creation of good waste management systems, the building of wastewater treatment plants and the rehabilitation of degraded water resources to reduce water pollution. Finally, national governments must lead by example and state-sponsored industries must therefore reflect best practices in terms of pollution and public health.Nations should also increase spending on environmental protection agencies, energy ministries and public health ministries to combat the impact heavy industries have on public health and force local governments to deal with this issue. The collection, analysis and sharing of accurate data is an essential ingredient for effective water and air quality management strategies. Furthermore, commitments from national governments should be combined into global air pollution reduction targets with the assistance of international organizations such as the UN. Balancing economic growth and environmental protection/public health should be a regional concern as well as a national concern.In addition to actions by national governments, this issue should also be tackled at the local level. Governments should empower local communities, including indigenous groups, to have a say in the development of industries in their area. Communities tend to focus on more sustainable practices since they will be the first affected and they will therefore govern and report more diligently. In addition, local communities must not be penalized for speaking out about infringement.One route to solve this issue that does not rely solely on national governments is for third parties such as the World Bank at the international level and IGOs and NGOs, such as the Global Alliance on Health (GHAP), at the national level to take the lead. These organizations could increase data collection and monitoring, sponsor longitudinal studies and tap into expertise around the globe to build statistical models to better measure the current situation regarding pollution from heavy industries and its impact on public health as well as future trends. In addition, these organizations can apply pressure to governments that do not publish certain health data for fear of inciting social unrest.Instead of moving heavy industries, this issue could also be solved by relocating citizens. For example, if companies create hazardous zones because of bad waste management or other issues, the government can hold the companies responsible for cleaning up the area and helping with relocation1318effort. In addition, governments can conduct independent investigations to find out the causes of the hazards and use legal action to ensure that the companies fix the problem they created. Also, governments can improve and modify regulations related to zoning for factories or other structures that create hazardous waste to ensure that they are built to help prevent potentially hazardous zones from affecting residential areas. Relocation is not only about moving people into new housing developments; it is also important to focus on reviving livelihoods and rebuilding the affected communities. The government, the polluting industries and other groups will need to work together to ensure relocation is beneficial to all parties.Health Care costs should be covered by the government and not the individual citizens who have been affected by pollution from heavy industries. In addition, the government could require heavy polluters to provide much more comprehensive medical insurance packages for their workers and perhaps even for the local communities around their factories. Governments can also build healthcare facilities, provide check-ups and fund regular evaluations of the situation (health/environment) by an independent third party.Bibliography"Air Quality Programs." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 22 June 2015./region07/air/quality/health.htm"Health Impacts of Water Pollution." Health Impacts of Water Pollution. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 June 2015. http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/water/health.htm"Causes and Effects of Industrial Pollution - Conserve Energy Future." ConserveEnergyFuture. N.p., 13 June 2013. Web. 22 June 2015. /causes-effects-of-industrial-pollution.php"Causes, Effects and Solutions of Land Pollution - Conserve Energy Future." ConserveEnergyFuture. N.p., 17 Apr. 2013. Web. 22 June 2015. http://www.conserve-energy-/causes-effects-solutions-of-land-pollution.php"Household (Indoor) Air Pollution." WHO. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2015.http://www.who.int/indoorair/en/"7 Million Premature Deaths Annually Linked to Air Pollution." WHO. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2015. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/air-pollution/en/1418。

澳大利亚联合国环境倡议稿英语作文

澳大利亚联合国环境倡议稿英语作文【中英文版】Title: Australia"s UN Environmental Initiative ProposalAustralia, a land of diverse ecosystems and unique wildlife, takes pride in its stunning natural landscapes.It is with this deep reverence for nature that we propose a UN Environment Initiative, aiming to set a global benchmark for environmental conservation and sustainability.澳大利亚，一个生态系统多样、野生动物独特的土地，以其壮丽的自然景观而自豪。

正是对自然的深深敬畏，我们提出了联合国环境倡议，旨在为全球环境保护和可持续发展设立标杆。

Paragraph 1:In recent years, the world has witnessed a surge in environmental challenges, from deforestation to climate change.As a responsible global citizen, Australia is committed to addressing these issues head-on.Our proposal focuses on three key areas: preserving biodiversity, reducing carbon emissions, and promoting sustainable practices.近年来，全球环境挑战日益严峻，从森林砍伐到气候变化。

模拟联合国环保主题英国发言

模拟联合国环保主题英国发言第一篇：模拟联合国环保主题英国发言Ladies and gentlemen，Good morning.I am very glad to participate in this great event.On behalf of the UK government, I should express my thanks to the organisers of this meeting.// Climate change is one of the most serious threats facing our world.And it is not just a threat to the environment.It is also a threat to our national security, to global security, and to economic prosperity.// We simply cannot put this off any Longer, what we should do now is putting real focus on this issue.Now my country, the United Kingdom, is playing its part。

//UK has cut greenhouse gas emissions by one quarter.And our Prime Minister pledged that the government would be the greenest government ever.And I believe we’ve kept that promise.// We’ve more than doubled our capacity in renewable electricity in the last 4 years alone.We now have enough solar to power almost a million UK homes.And we have established the world’s first green investment bank.And we are one of the only countries in the advanced world to do.// We now need the whole world to step up to deliver a new, ambitious, global deal.A deal we need all countries to make commitments to reduce emissions.Our agreement has to be legally binding, with proper rules and targets to hold each other to account.//We must provide support to those who need it, particularly the poorest and most vulnerable.It is completely unrealistic to expect developing countries to forgo the high carbon route to growth that so many Western countries enjoyed, unless we support them to achieve green growth.// We need to give business the certainty it needs to invest in low carbon.As officialsof the government, we have a duty to think long-term.When offered clear scientific advice, we should listen to it.When faced with risks, we should insure against them.// So I would implore everyone to seize this opportunity over the coming year.Countries like the United Kingdom have taken the steps necessary.And I urge other countries to take the steps that they need to as well, so we can reach this historic deal.Thank you.// 问题：正如您提到的那样，气候变化不仅仅是对环境的威胁，而且还威胁到国防安全，经济发展等方方面面。

联合国环境污染倡议书英文

联合国环境污染倡议书英文We, the United Nations, are deeply concerned about the escalating levels of environmental pollution worldwide. The adverse effects of air, water, and soil pollution on human health, ecosystems, and the climate are a threat to our planet's well-being. Therefore, we urge all countries to take immediate action to address this critical issue.We call upon governments to develop and implement stringent regulations to control industrial emissions and household waste disposal. It is also essential to promote sustainable practices in agriculture, forestry, and energy production to reduce pollution levels.Furthermore, we encourage businesses to adopt green technologies and practices to minimize their environmental footprint. Investing in clean energy, waste reduction, and sustainable manufacturing processes will contribute to a healthier and cleaner environment.Individuals also play a crucial role in combating pollution. We urge everyone to reduce their use of single-use plastics, carpool or use public transportation, and support eco-friendly products and initiatives.Together, we can make a difference in protecting our planet from environmental pollution. Let us work hand in hand to create a cleaner and more sustainable future for generations to come.。

环境污染英语简单对话作文

环境污染英语简单对话作文Environmental pollution is a major issue that affects everyone on the planet. It is a problem that needs to be addressed urgently in order to protect our environment and the health of future generations. In this essay, we will discuss the causes and effects of environmental pollution, as well as some possible solutions to this problem.First of all, let us examine the causes of environmental pollution. One of the main causes ofpollution is the release of harmful chemicals and gasesinto the atmosphere. This can be due to industrial activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, or from the use of pesticides and other chemicals in agriculture. Another major cause of pollution is the disposal of waste, including plastic, chemical, and electronic waste, which can contaminate water sources and soil.The effects of environmental pollution are far-reaching and can have serious consequences for both the environmentand human health. Pollution can lead to the destruction of ecosystems, the loss of biodiversity, and the degradation of air and water quality. It can also have a negative impact on human health, leading to respiratory problems, skin irritations, and other health issues.In order to address the problem of environmental pollution, it is important for individuals, communities, and governments to take action. One possible solution is to reduce the use of fossil fuels and switch to renewable sources of energy, such as solar and wind power. This can help reduce air pollution and combat climate change. Another solution is to promote recycling and reduce the use of single-use plastics, which can help reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and oceans.In conclusion, environmental pollution is a serious issue that requires urgent action. By understanding the causes and effects of pollution, as well as implementing solutions to address this problem, we can protect our environment and ensure a healthy future for generations tocome. Let us all work together to reduce pollution and create a cleaner, healthier planet for all.。

模拟联合国发言稿英语

模拟联合国发言稿英语尊敬的主席、尊敬的各位代表：首先，我代表我所属国家愿意致以最诚挚的问候和祝福。

我感谢您们提供给我发表演讲的机会，也非常荣幸能够在这个重要的场合与各位代表共同探讨国际议题。

今天，我想着重讨论的问题是全球气候变化对我们的影响以及应对措施。

无可否认，气候变化已经成为摆在我们面前的全球性挑战。

极端天气事件的频率增加、全球变暖导致的海平面上升、以及生物多样性的丧失，这些问题都使人们深感忧虑。

首先，我们必须承认气候变化对我们的国家和全球经济的严重影响。

极端天气事件的增加造成灾害性后果，给我们的经济和人民带来巨大的损失。

而且，全球变暖导致的海平面上升威胁着沿海地区的生存和经济发展。

随着温室气体排放不断增加，我们必须采取行动来减少这些排放并寻找可持续发展的替代能源。

其次，我们应该鼓励国际合作以应对气候变化。

没有任何一个国家可以独自解决这个全球性问题。

我们需要共同努力，制定国际标准和政策来减少温室气体排放和保护环境。

同时，我们还应该加强技术合作，共享经验和知识，以推动清洁能源技术的发展和使用。

最后，我们应该鼓励和支持发展中国家在应对气候变化方面的努力。

这些国家往往是最受影响的，因为他们可能没有足够的资源和技术来应对气候变化。

我们应该提供必要的支持和资金，帮助他们进行适应和减缓气候变化的工作。

尊敬的主席、尊敬的各位代表，全球气候变化是我们面临的重大挑战，但我们也看到了希望。

通过国际合作和集体行动，我们有能力应对这些挑战并实现可持续发展。

让我们坚定地走在减少温室气体排放的道路上，并为我们的后代创造一个更美好的未来。

非常感谢您的倾听。

谢谢！。

模联议题

亲爱的代表们，很高兴能够邀请你们参加2014蒙特梭利模拟联合国大会，特别是来到我们的联合国环境规划署（UNEP）。

以下几页文件旨在指导你们为会场上即将讨论的话题进行研究。

请注意，这份背景文件仅能为你们的调查提供基本的资料。

你们需要自己查找更多和两个议题相关的必要信息，了解这个议题和你们所代表国家有怎样的联系。

这些信息会帮助你们完成立场文件的写作。

你将需要在立场文件中标明引用的参考，并参照“MLA标准格式（MLA Format）”列出参考文献。

MLA标准格式将不会严格应用于本背景文件指导，因其基本目的是为你们研究议题提供一个初始的跳板。

你们获取越多有关议题的信息与理解，就更能影响决议的写作——无论是通过正式及非正式辩论，或者是整个MMUN的会议经历。

请你们在遇到研究或文件写作上的困难时联系我。

我们鼓励你们在研究议题时更详细地了解你们所代表的国家。

同时，两位代表都应该精通两个议题。

祝你们享受整个准备过程。

我们期待你们的精彩表现。

议题：气候变化议题背景当今社会面临的一个巨大问题便是气候变化及其带来的影响。

气候变化的主要成因是大气层中多种气体的增多。

根据美国环保局的消息，目前大气层中多种温室气体的积聚是由因素导致的，但两个主要的原因是大量化石燃料如煤炭、石油的燃烧以及荒漠化。

这些气体能够阻止热量从地表散发，其作用比较类似于温室的玻璃天花板。

温室气体对于生命延续有着重要作用，这些气体保证地表温度处于事宜的水平以维持生命。

然而，随着浓度的升高，这些气体也使得地表温度超出了正常水平。

来自美国国家大气海洋局以及美国航空航天总署的消息表明，过去100年里，地球表面的温度上升了1.4华氏度（0.8摄氏度）。

尽管数字看起来不大，但这一变化却给地球的气候造成了不小的影响。

自1850年以来，有记录的温度最高的八个年头偶读发生在1998年以后，其中温度最高的是2005年。

近几年的高温情况极大可能是人类活动引起的，例如燃烧化石燃料。

模拟联合国环境稿

Dear Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends,Today, delegates from many countries are attending the UN Climate Change Conference . This is a demonstration that all countries attach importance to environmental protection. The Netherlands is also participating in this conference with the concept of sustainable development for many years. During the epidemic, production activities in all countries were affected, but at the same time, environmental pollution in all countries slowed down or showed signs of recovery to varying degrees. This shows that there is still room for improvement. The Netherlands has been exploring the coordinated development of economic growth and environmental protection for many years. Participating in the UN Climate Change Conference this time, on the one hand, is to show the positive attitude and efforts of the Netherlands to partic1ipate in the international environment and climate change affairs. On the other hand, the Netherlands also hopes to discuss the implementation plan of the Paris Agreement with various countries.Geography: The Netherlands is located in Western Europe, bordering Germany and Belgium on the North and west of the North Sea. In the north and west of the Netherlands, many areas are below sea level, covering about 24% of the country's total area. About a third of the country is only about a meter above sea level. Due to the low land, in order to survive and develop, the Dutch tried their best to protect the originally small land, fighting against the sea for a long time, and reclaimed land from the sea. Dikes were built as early as the 13th century to block the sea. Over the past few hundred years, dikes have been built 1,800 kilometers long, increasing the land area by more than 600,000 hectares. Today 20% of the Netherlands is reclaimed from the sea.Therefore, compared with other European countries, the Netherlands has a deep-rooted emphasis on environmental issues. It can be said that the economic development of the Netherlands is inseparable from the process of environmental protection.Practice:: 1. The legislation of our country environmental legislation system is very complete, involved in all aspects of pollution control and natural resource protection and environmental management in China is at present in addition to the French environment < code > the world's strongest comprehensive environmental law and relevant laws such as the surface water pollution control act, the underground water act and the Marine pollution control act, etc., relating to the environmental protection Not all sides. Moreover, the Netherlands is committed to protecting the international environment. Since the conclusion of the Paris Agreement, the Netherlands has actively carried out relevant implementation activities. China will hold a climate conference in 2016, and make it clear that 9 million people will go green every day. After a lot of preparatory work, the Dutch Climate Agreement was introduced in 2018, becoming the seventh country to have a domestic climate agreement. By 2030, the Netherlands aims to reduce its emissions by half (49%) from 1990 levels, and zero carbon emissions has been set as a long-term goal of environmental protection.2. Government: The strong support of the Dutch government for environmental protection is the foundation for the continuous development of environmental protection in the Netherlands. (iii) Policies are in place and institutions follow up. Make full use of green tax, market-based mechanisms such as the eu emissions trading system, conforms to the green industry development direction, clean energy and innovation project implement a set of incentives, such as government subsidies and regulation to the policy of combining greatly promoted the development ofrenewable energy industry and construction, industry, traffic and transportation industry, agriculture and horticulture word and poultry raising industry energy conservation and emissions reduction.We can briefly introduce several aspects, the first is the green car and sharing. The Netherlands has been the most successful country in rolling out cycling, but it clearly doesn't think it can stop. Hydrogen is seen as an important part of a credible path to net zero emissions for industrial countries, and the Netherlands is equally convinced. Currently, there are eight hydrogen buses on public transport in the Netherlands. On top of that, the Netherlands is spending 15 million euros on the bus project, which promises that from 2030 buses, the Dutch public transport, may no longer emit carbon dioxide. Second, the Netherlands is one of the countries with the most complete charging facilities in the world. In order to continue the development of green charging, the Dutch government plans to allocate 18 billion euros to subsidize the construction of a 700 MEGAwatt offshore wind power project every year from 2019 to 2023.3. Enterprises: Dutch enterprises are also actively involved in environmental protection activities. DSM, a Dutch company, has developed a swine fever inhibitor called 3-nitrooxyethanol (3-NOP), which works by stopping bacteria in cows' stomachs from converting carbon to swine fever, reducing cow swine fever emissions by nearly a third. Although the methane inhibitors developed by Dutch companies need to be further discussed and developed, these studies provide a new way for companies around the world to collaborate on environmental protection.As a small country, it makes no sense to be the only one to take measures, it will only cause companies and jobs to disappear, so the work must be done by the whole world. Today, climate change is an issue of common concern to all mankind. The latest Greenhouse Gas Bulletin points out that the concentration of greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere has set a new record, and the continuous increase of greenhouse gas levels has become a long-term trend, which will lead to more and more serious climate change in the future. Despite the overall slowdown in global greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the pandemic, the situation will remain severe after economic production gradually recovers. Therefore, the Netherlands proposes that all parties should still attach importance to international cooperation on climate change and pursue green and low-carbon development.Get the documentcollection双边：We:Last time we noticed that you have passed a significant bill about climate change and energy translation.Can you talk about it in detail?Spanish:Sure.The bill includes medium-term targets and specific implementation measures for the next 10 years in the fight against climate change, with the aim of enabling Spain to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and initiate a comprehensive transformation of its economy, with a view to becoming carbon neutral by 2050 and contributing to the targets set in the Paris Agreement.Under the bill, Spain will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 23 percent by 2030 compared with 1990; Renewable energy should account for at least 42% of total energy consumption, up from 20% now; Renewable energy will also account for 74 percent of electricity generation, up from about 40 percent now.we do hope that we can establish the cooperative relationships.We:We totally agree and from our part,policies are in place and institutions follow up. Make full use of green tax, market-based mechanisms such as the eu emissions trading system, conforms to the green industry development direction, clean energy and innovation project implement a set of incentives, such as government subsidies and regulation to the policy of combining greatly promoted the development of renewable energy industry and construction, industry, traffic and transportation industry, agriculture and horticulture word and poultry raising industry energy conservation and emissions reduction.。