上海口译高级口译真题口试 2011 03
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2008年3月
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2008年3月(总分:5.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、口语题(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.Topic: Should we stop bank loans to businesses which disregard environmental protection? Questions for Reference:1. In some cities in China, local banks have stopped giving loans to those businesses which have caused pollution to the environment. Do you think the banks are doing the right thing or not?2. What should the local governments or banks do- to shut the businesses which pollute the environment, or help these businesses "reduce the damage to the environment?3. Could you recommend some effective measures to tackle the problem?(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:()解析:(略)二、口译题(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part A (总题数:1,分数:2.00)(分数:2.00)(1).Passage 1(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:()解析:我很高兴能向建校60周年的贵校表示问候。
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年3月
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年3月(总分:9.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、口语题Directions:Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number reco rded. Start your talk with "My name is…," "My registration number is… ".(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.Topic: Will petty criminals get light punishment?Questions for Reference:1. A new prosecution guideline was recently released: people convicted of petty crimes may get light punishment if they are minors, the elderly people, and people who have slightly breached the law because of poverty. What do you think of this new law?2. This new law is said to be a humane practice and it will help them put their lives back in order and better serve their families. Do you think it can achieve its end?3. Some people think that if petty crimes are not punished in a timely way, more serious consequences will follow. What do you think of this argument?(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:()解析:二、口译题(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLYONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数:1,分数:4.00)(分数:4.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:(我十分清楚我们面临的各项挑战。
2011年上海中口笔试真题及答案
2011年上海口译考试中级口译笔试(全真试题+答案)完整版SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you’ll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: ‘Go away, you _____________ (8).’ On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o’clock smile: ‘Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.’ If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)!Then you have ___________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o’clock in the morning; _____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and agai n at eleven o’clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ (15); if you are nervous; if you are watching TV; _____________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea ______________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not ______________ (18). I sleep at five o’clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _____________ (19) during the day; I have the _____________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONL Y ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B) The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C) I don’t watch TV that much, be cause of the omnipresent advertisements.(D) I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2. (A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B) The plane arrived at 8:00.(C) The plane arrived at 9:00.(D) The plane arrived at 10:00.3. (A) I’ll ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B) I’ll think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C) It’s obvious that I’ll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D) It’s out of que stion that I should get into any agreement with you.4. (A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B) Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C) It’d be better if no one had attended this morning’s committee meeting..(D) The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. (A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B) Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C) There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D) People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. (A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. (A) For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curiou s about other people’s restatements.(D) Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We’d better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. (A) I don’t think you have more to say on that topic.(B) I think we’d better talk about that in detail sometime later.(C) I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.(D) I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONL Y ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five12. (A) A profit-making private school.(B) A non-profit-making independent school.(C) A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.(D) A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. (A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15—1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. (A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B) The American Heritage Dictionary(C) The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D) The Drinking Water Dictionary17. (A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B) It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.(C) It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D) It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. (A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19—2219. (A) He’s bought his wife a present. (B) He’s missed an important phone call.(C) He’s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He’s popped out shopping.20. (A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B) Offering special reductions.(C) Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D) Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. (A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.22. (A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23—2623. (A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.24. (A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B) Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C) Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D) Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25. (A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.26. (A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B) By taking a sonic bath.(C) By attending classical concerts.(D) By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27—3027. (A) His grandfather’s house. (B) His parents’ remarks.(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.28. (A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.29. (A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.30. (A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B) No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C) There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D) The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1—5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example, because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.(B) The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.(C) Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.(D) The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows ‘in other words’ (para.1)?(A) An example of the previous sentence.(B) A new idea about the court system.(C) An item of evidence to call for a trial.(D) A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, ‘he can go free’ (para.3) means _________.(A) the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him(B) the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent(C) the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not(D) the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?(A) To pay for the judge and the trial.(B) To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.(C) To ensure that the suspect will return to court.(D) To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.(B) The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.(C) It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.(D) The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10S o you’ve got an invention—you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cut s grass with a jet of water (not so daft, someone has invented one), is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost £165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That’s if he’s lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner (Administration), who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.(A) keep their ideas from being stolen(B) reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity(C) visit the patent office building(D) come up with more new devices7. The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’ (para.5) means _________.(A) the children with high intelligence(B) the inventions that people come up with(C) a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis(D) a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common?(A) Both were approved by the monarch.(B) Both were granted by King Henry VI.(C) Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.(D) Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?(A) He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.(B) He is the first person to be granted an official patent.(C) He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.(D) He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?(A) It is rather expensive(B) It is an impossible task.(C) It is extremely difficult.(D) It is very tricky..Questions 11—15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structures evolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters (if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone) and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutionscommonly called ‘brine’ does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.(A) consuming all the grain themselves(B) generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature(C) increasing the moisture content in the grain(D) attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________.(A) expresses doubts about direct smoking(B) describes salting and pickling as ineffective(C) condemns direct drying(D) mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.(A) it exposes them to insects(B) it makes them hard(C) it damages the protein(D) it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.(A) destroying the protein(B) drawing away moisture from the food(C) drying the food in the sun(D) dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.(A) it damages the protein less(B) it can be combined with pickling(C) it leaves the inside moist(D) it makes the food softQuestions 16—20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors areconcerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.(A) to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B) to process information as fast as possible(C) to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D) to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.(A) their greater speed of operation(B) their control of the product quality(C) their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D) their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.(A) plenty of information(B) surplus human energy(C) destructive outbursts(D) less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’ (para.4)?(A) Effort.(B) Force.(C) Excess.(D) Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A) There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B) Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C) The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D) Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome’s water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans’ flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21. The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT _________.(A) earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone22. Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of water probably because _________.(A) the Romans could build them more cheaply(B) these channels could follow uneven ground more easily(C) the Romans could not build large pipes。
高级口译口试历年真题
上海市英语高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试INTERPRETATION TEST (Paper 24) 2000.5Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret in into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Since the early 1990’s, information technologies have fundamentally changed and will continue to change the world in which we live, work, study and communicate. Today, on the threshold of the 21st century, the global Information Revolution has become a reality. The accelerated development of information technologies is having an increasing impact on the global economic activity and social structures. //More significantly, the nature of information technologies is undergoing a profound revolution. The multimedia information exchange has become digital, wireless, mobile, and interactive. Advanced electronic networks, particularly in the field of electronic commerce, are now allowing people to make the best use of business opportunities that are never before imagined.(参考答案)自从九十年代初以来,信息技术已经从根本上改变了并且继续改变着世界,改变着人们的居住、工作、学习和交际(方式)。
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月(总分:9.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、口语题Directions:Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is " "My registration number is… "(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.Topic:A Year of Economic RecoveryQuestions for Reference.1. Many economists say that the year 2009 was a year of economic recovery for China. What was the goal of the annual GDP growth rate set by the Chinese Government72. This recovery was due to the forcefulness of the Chinese government's policies. The best-known and most effective measure is the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan. The major investment was put in infrastructure construction. Could you explain what infrastructure means? Name and describe one or two instances of infrastructure construction in 2009.3. The economic recovery in 2009 has also improved the life of ordinary Chinese people. Say something about how you and your family, or your relatives or friends, have benefited from this economic recovery?(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:()解析:二、口译题(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数:1,分数:4.00)(分数:4.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:(很荣幸参加今天这次重要会议。
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2006年3月
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2006年3月(总分:5.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、口语题(总题数:1,分数:1.00)1.Questions for Reference:1. Some incentive policies have been announced to lure back talented overseas students and scholars: high salaries, preferential treatment for their children's education, etc. Are these policies an effective way to halt the brain drain?2. Will these policies destroy the fairness and equality in education, and damage the motivation of local talented people?3. Could you recommend any other method to attract overseas students to work in China?(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:((略))解析:二、口译题(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal... and stop it at the singal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数:1,分数:2.00)(分数:2.00)(1).Passage 1(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案:(世界在转变,英语语言本身也在推陈出新。
2011年9月高级口译考试真题及答案汇总
以下是考试⼤⼝译笔译站点考后第⼀时间为您整理的2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译真题、答案、解析,供参考。
2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试真题、答案、点评汇总听⼒2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分真题下半场(沪江版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题Listening Comprehension2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题spot dictation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试上半场听⼒下载(mp3)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试下半场听⼒下载(mp3)翻译2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题及答案passage translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试翻译真题(英译汉)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题、答案sentence translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)阅读2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼀篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼆篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第三篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第四篇原⽂(昂⽴)题⽬出处2011年⾼级⼝译笔试听⼒原⽂出处:传统医学2011.9⾼级⼝译笔试阅读原题出处: 欧洲为何不再举⾜轻重点评2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译上半场总评(昂⽴版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒新闻题权威讲评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒NTGF点评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分Spot Dictation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒Listening Comprehension 4评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译passage translation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译下半场汉译英评析 答案2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试答案解析(完整版)。
2011年3月上海高级口译真题-推荐下载
2011年3月高级口译真题Renowned U.S. economist, John Rutledge, who helped frame the fiscal policies of two former U.S. presidents, warned that an abrupt rise in China’s currency could lead to another Asian financial crisis. The founder of Rutledge Capital told the media that if the yuan rises _____(1) it would discourage foreign direct investment in China while ________(2) by market speculators. Currency change is more difficult for investors and ___________(3).The Chinese currency has appreciated by____________(4) since July 2005 when the country allowed the yuan to________(5) within a daily band of 0.3 percent. The analysts are expecting the currency to rise_________(6) by the end of this year. But if the yuan rose 20 to 30 percent, as some U.S. politicians are demanding, it would _________(7) causing a recession and deflation. Similar advice to allow an abrupt appreciation of a currency led to_____________(8) in 1997, and came very close to destroying___________(9). The U.S. economist says that investors want foremost to__________(10) associated with large fluctuations in currency and inflation. They __________(11) after evaluating risks to benefits such as ____________________(12). A rising yuan would drive up labor costs for foreign investors and would not __________(13).Earlier reports said that currency speculators had pumped__________(14) U.S. dollars into China by the end of last year, with another 70 billion U.S. dollars__________(15) in the first three months of this year. There is no way to________________(16) of this type of investment and many economists disagree that____________(17) is so high. Instead of further appreciating its currency, China should make the yuan____________(18). If the yuan were more easily converted into foreign currencies it would allow Chinese companies to expand overseas, ____________(19), and provide management experience and capital that China needs. It would also ___________(20) and reduce speculative money coming into the country.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Younger people are more comfortable with technology than adults.(B) Adults are less intimidated by technology than they used to be.(C) Robert himself is comparatively better with computers than other people.(D) Most of his friends are a lot more addicted to games than he is.2. (A) E-mail is very convenient. (B) E-mail messages make better keepsakes.(C) E-mail messages make a casual form of communication.(D) E-mail is great for just saying hello and checking up on people.3. (A) Playing games. (B) Checking on little things.(C) Instant messaging. (D) An interesting program.4. (A) The Internet makes too many things accessible to people.(B) His generation is hooked on the Internet.(C) Some of his friends make the Internet their whole life.(D) Not everyone has access to the Internet.5. (A) They cannot become part of the work force.(B) They won’t be an added asset as they are today.(C) They will have to get over their fear of these skills.(D) They are going to be at a disadvantage.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) Because the nuclear reactor is Pakistan’s property.(B) Because Russia helped build the reactor in the 1960s.(C) Because the uranium was provided by other nations.(D) Because its neighbors are very sensitive about its nuclear program.7. (A) Insisting that the revelations were unlikely to affect world events.(B) Dismissing those diplomatic cables as untrue.(C) Purposely making some confidential materials public.(D) Effectively containing Iran’s nuclear program.8. (A) He thought the elections should be cancelled.(B) He was open to letting the results be counted.(C) He thought he was one of the two front-runners in the balloting.(D) He proposed that reelections should be held as soon as possible.9. (A) 1.5%. (B) 1.8%.(C) 3.3%. (D) 4.8%.10. (A) Few people expect a breakthrough on reaching an international treaty.(B) The toughest issues on climate change would remain unresolved.(C) The United Nations negotiating process itself is at risk.(D) The United States entered the talks in a strong position.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) Dressing styles throughout the world.(B) Taking a journey to Sri Lanka in South Asia.(C) Life of a native Sri Lankan now living in California.(D) Traditional dress in the interviewee’s home country.12. (A) Saris are not practical.(B) Saris are old-fashioned.(C) Saris are not cheap.(D) Saris are hot and difficult to walk in.13. (A) Education.(B) Family background.(C) Friends people make.(D) Countries they have been to.14. (A) Men in the countryside used to wear a sarong.(B) Men in the city wear sarongs to relax at home.(C) Men wear pants and shirts now, never sarongs.(D) Men wear sarongs only on formal occasions.15. (A) Because she sees more value in saris.(B) Because she has married an American.(C) Because she wants to be in style.(D) Because she likes to appear really exotic.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) 10%. (B) 20%.(C) 30%. (D) 40%.17. (A) Insomnia. (B) Narcolepsy.(C) Sleep apnea. (D) Self-hypnosis.18. (A) Snoring throughout the night.(B) Heavy breathing in sleep.(C) Stopping breathing when sleeping.(D) Not remembering to wake up in the morning.19. (A) They get sudden attacks of sleep any time any place.(B) They are mostly students enrolled in 8 A.M. classes.(C) They are not easily cured if narcolepsy is diagnosed.(D) They often sit at a table and their faces fall into a soup.20. (A) Chronic insomnia is a rare condition compared with apnea or narcolepsy.(B) Almost everybody has chronic insomnia once in a while.(C) The cause for chronic insomnia is most often psychological.(D) There is no effective cure for this type of sleep disorder.SECTION 2: READING TEST(30 minutes)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5There is no more fashionable answer to woes of the global recession than “green jobs.” Some state leaders are pinning their hopes for future growth and new jobs on creating clean-technologyindustries, like wind and solar power, or recycling saw grass as fuel. It all sounds like the ultimate win-win deal: beat the worst recession in decades and save the planet from global warming, all in one spending plan. So who cares how much it costs? And since the financial crisis and recession began, governments, environmental nonprofits, and even labor unions have been busy spinning out reports on just how many new jobs might be created from these new industries—estimates that range from the thousands to the millions.The problem is that history doesn’t bear out the optimism. As a new study from McKinsey consulting points out, clean energy is less like old manufacturing industries that required a lot of workers than it is like new manufacturing and service industries that don’t. The best parallel is the semiconductor industry, which was expected to create a boom in high-paid high-tech jobs but today employs mainly robots. Clean-technology workers now make up only 0.6 percent of the American workforce. The McKinsey study, which examined how countries should compete in the post-crisis world, figures that clean energy won’t command much more of the total job market in the years ahead. “The bottom line is that these ‘clean’ industries are too small to create the millions of jobs that are needed right away,” says James Manylka, a director at the McKinsey Global Institute. They might not create those jobs—but they could help other industries do just that. Here, too, the story of the computer chip is instructive. Today the big chip makers employ only 0.4 percent of the total American workforce, down from a peak of 0.6 percent in 2000. But they did create a lot of jobs, indirectly, by making other industries more efficient: throughout the 1990s, American companies saw massive gains in labor productivity and efficiency from new technologies incorporating the semiconductor. Companies in retail, manufacturing, and many other areas got faster and stronger, and millions of new jobs were created.McKinsey and others say that the same could be true today if governments focus not on building a “green economy,” but on greening every part of the economy using cutting-edge green products and services. That’s where policies like U.S. efforts to promote corn-based ethanol, and giant German subsidies for the solar industry fall down. In both cases the state is creating bloated, unproductive sectors, with jobs that are not likely to last. A better start would be encouraging business and consumers to do the basics, such is improve building insulation and replace obsolete heating and cooling equipment. In places like California, 30 percent of the summer energy load comes from air conditioning, which has prompted government to offer low-interest loans to consumers to replace old units with more efficient ones. The energy efficiency is an indirect job creator, just as IT productivity had been, not only because of the cost savings but also because of the new disposable income that is created. The stimulus effect of not driving is particularly impressive. “If you can get people out of cars, or at least get them to drive less, you can typically save between $1,000 and $8,000 per household per year,” says Lisa Margonelli at the New America Foundation.Indeed, energy and efficiency savings have been behind the major green efforts of the world’s biggest corporations, like Walmart, which remains the world’s biggest retailer and added 22,000 jobs in the U.S. alone in 2009. In 2008, when oil hit $148 a barrel, Walmart insisted that its top 1,000 suppliers in China retool their factories and their products, cutting back on excess packaging to make shipping cheaper. It’s no accident that Walmart, a company that looks for savings wherever it can find them, is one of the only American firms that continued growing robustly throughout the recession.The policy implications of it all are clear: stop betting government money on particular green technologies that may or may not pan out, and start thinking more broadly. As McKinsey makesclear, countries don’t become more competitive by tweaking their “mix” of industries but by outperforming in each individual sector. Green thinking can be a part of that. The U.S. could conceivably export much more to Europe, for example, if America’s environmental standards for products were higher. Taking care of the environment at the broadest levels is often portrayed as a political red herring that will undercut competitiveness in the global economy. In fact, the future of growth and job creation may depend on it.1. According to the passage, the creation of clean-technology industries will______.(A) ultimately be a win-win deal(B) beat the worst recession in decades(C) largely solve the problem of unemployment(D) contribute little to the total job market2. The McKinsey study concludes that _______.(A) clean industries will create the millions of jobs that are needed right away(B) both old and new manufacturing industries have employed large numbers of workers(C) clean industries are similar to the semiconductor industry in the creation of jobs(D) more robots will be used in clean industries than in the semiconductor industry3. The phrase “fall down” in the sentence “That’s where policies like U.S. efforts to promote corn-based ethanol, and German subsidies for the solar industry fall down.” (para. 4) can best be paraphrased as ______.(A) fail of expectation (B) meet with strong opposition(C) confront sharp criticism (D) need further clarification4. The author uses the example of Walmart to show ______.(A) how it remains the world’s biggest retailer(B) how it takes all kinds of measures for cost savings(C) how energy and efficiency savings can be achieved(D) how the recession has affected Walmart’s development5. Which of the following is the best conclusion of the passage?(A) “Green jobs” are considered by politicians a major solution to the global recession.(B) The financial crisis and recession stimulate the increasing of green jobs.(C) The government should spend money on particular green technologies to create morejobs.(D) Job creation may depend on the overall care of the environment at the broadest levels. Questions 6--10The majority of the country’s top universities have introduced schemes to give preferential treatment to pupils from poorly performing comprehensives. They range from lower A-level offers to reserving places for them. Supporters of “handicapping” argue that it gives recognition to bright pupils who have been inadequately taught and promotes social mobility. Opponents, however, believe some schemes crudely discriminate against private and grammar school pupils because of political pressure.Out of the 39 institutions that are members of the Russell Group and 1994 Group of research universities, at least 30 have introduced schemes that give some form of extra recognition to whole categories of applicants from comprehensives or from deprived areas. Gillian Low, head of theLady Eleanor Holles School in Hampton, west London, and president of the Girls’ Schools association, said: “We are absolutely in favour of social mobility. The issue is how that is achieved, how talented people from disadvantaged backgrounds are identified. Our objection is to anything that is generic by type of school as it does not address the individual pupil, it potentially discriminates against them.”Low added: “It doesn’t, for example, take account of the person at the low-performing school who is having private tuition—or the fact that many of our pupils are on full bursary support. It’s too crude a tool.” Programmes include one at Manchester introduced for 2011 entry that gives priority consideration to applicants from underachieving schools and deprived areas. Durham is using a similar system.Bristol, Exeter, Nottingham and some departments at Edinburgh advise admissions tutors to consider lowering the standard offer for a course if a successful applicant is from an underperforming school. Research at Bristol released earlier this year justified this approach on the grounds that students who had attended poor schools outperformed those with the same grades who had been better educated.This autumn, a group of 12 universities led by Newcastle and including Birmingham, Essex, Leeds and York will pilot a scheme for about 300 promising candidates nominated by their comprehensives. They will be given coaching and in most cases will be entitled to offers up to two grades lower than applicants going to university through standard routes. Cambridge gives extra points to candidates from schools with poor average GCSE grades when shortlisting candidates, while Oxford gives priority to similar applicants when deciding who to interview. Neither university lowers its grade offers for places on this basis, however.Pressure on universities to increase their numbers of state school pupils was expected to ease with the election of the Conservative-led coalition. Instead, however, the government, under pressure from the Liberal Democrats, has pursued a similar approach. This weekend, David Willetts, the universities minister, said: “These are the kinds of initiatives, transparent, based on robust evidence, looking at applicants’ potential, which are a good way of promoting social mobility.”Steve Smith, vice-chancellor of Exeter and president of Universities UK, said: “Universities make strenuous efforts to seek out potential by looking at a number of factors when selecting students, but they cannot admit people who are not applying. “This is why schemes that provide varied offers and seek out potential, as well as supporting applicants in preparing for higher education, can be so important.”Only a handful of universities, including the London School of Economics, University College London, Warwick and Queen Mary, London, have held out against favoring whole categories of applicants although all four give extra individual recognition to candidates who have succeeded against the odds. Birmingham, Southampton and the medical school at King’s College London, set aside places for students at comprehensives in their regions. The Access to Birmingham scheme, which this year will admit 193 students—4% of the intake—gives candidate lower offers on condition they complete courses to prepare them for higher education.6. The expression “social mobility” used in the passage mainly means that _______.(A) private and grammar school pupils go to study in comprehensive schools(B) state school pupils go to study in private and grammar schools(C) talented students from underachieving schools are admitted to top universities(D) students from all sorts of schools are treated equally in university admission7. A major concern of the head of the Lady Eleanor Holles school is______. (A) how to implement social mobility in university admission(B) how to identify talented pupils from poor schools(C) how to teach students from underachieving schools(D) how to investigate the backgrounds of applicants8. When Gillian Low gave the example of the student “at the low-performing school who is having private tuition”, what she wanted to convey is ______.(A) students from underachieving schools should not have private tuition(B) students from low-performing schools vary in their financial conditions(C) students should be treated on an individual basis instead of “type of school”(D) students’ academic achievements are related to their economic conditions9. All of the following can be found in universities’ new entry schemes EXCEPT___.(A) lowering the standard offer for a course if an applicant is from a poor school(B) giving extra points to students from schools with poor average GCSE grades(C) giving priority consideration to students from low-performing schools(D) reserving places for applicants from poor schools at a fixed proportion10. Which of the following cannot be true according to the passage?(A) The London School of Economics, University College London, Warwick and QueenMary, London have not offered the new entry scheme.(B) The majority of the British universities have agreed to give preferential treatment tostudents from low-performing comprehensives.(C) The education in comprehensive schools is often poorer than that of private andgrammar schools in Britain.(D) British universities are allowed to adopt different approaches to enrol students from underachieving comprehensive schools.Questions 11--15You know Adam Smith for his “invisible hand,” the mysterious force that steers the selfish economic decisions of individuals toward a result that leaves us all better off. It’s been a hugely influential idea, one that during the last few decades of the 20th century began to take on the trappings of a universal truth.Lately, though, the invisible hand has been getting slapped. The selfish economic decisions of home buyers, mortgage brokers, investment bankers and institutional investors over the past decade clearly did not leave us all better off. Did Smith have it wrong?No, Smith did not have it wrong. It’s just that some of his self-proclaimed disciples have given us a terribly incomplete picture of what he believed. The man himself used the phrase invisible hand only three times: once in the famous passage from The Wealth of Nations that everybody cites; once in his other big book, The Theory of Moral Sentiments; and once in a posthumously published history of astronomy (in which he was talking about “the invisible hand of Jupiter”—the god, not the planet). For Smith, the invisible hand was but one of an array of interesting social and economic forces worth thinking about.Why did the invisible hand emerge as the one idea from Smith’s work that everybody remembers? Mainly because it’s so simple and powerful. If the invisible hand of the market really can be reliedon at all times and in all places to deliver the most prosperous and just society possible, then we’d be idiots not to get out of the way and let it work its magic. Plus, the supply-meets-demand straightforwardness of the invisible-hand metaphor lends itself to mathematical treatment, and math is the language in which economists communicate with one another.Hardly anything else in Smith’s work is nearly that simple or consistent. Consider The Theory of Moral Sentiments, his long-neglected other masterpiece, published 17 years before The Wealth of Nations, in 1759. I recently cracked open a new 250th-anniversary edition, complete with a lucid introduction by economist AmartyaSen, in hopes that it would make clearer how we ought to organize our economy.Fat chance. Most of the book is an account of how we decide whether behavior is good or not. In Smith’s telling, the most important factor is our sympathy for one another. “To restrain our selfish, and to indulge our benevolent affections, constitutes the perfection of human nature,” he writes. But he goes on to say that “the commands and laws of the Deity” (he seems to be referring to the Ten Commandments) are crucial guides to conduct too. Then, in what seems to be a strange detour from those earthly and divine parameters, he argues that the invisible hand ensures that the selfish and sometimes profligate spending habits of the rich tend to promote the public good.There are similar whiplash moments in The Wealth of Nations. The dominant theme running through the book is that self-interest and free, competitive markets can be powerful forces for prosperity and for good. But Smith also calls for regulation of interest rates and laws to protect workers from their employers. He argues that the corporation, the dominant form of economic organization in today’s world, is an abomination.The point here isn’t that Smith was right in every last one of his prescriptions and proscriptions. He was an 18th century Scottish scholar, not an all-knowing being. Many of his apparent self-contradictions are just that—contradictions that don’t make a lot of sense.But Smith was also onto something that many free-market fans who pledge allegiance to him miss. The world is a complicated place. Markets don’t exist free of societies and governments and regulators and customs and moral sentiments; they are entwined. Also, while markets often deliver wondrous results, an outcome is not by definition good simply because the market delivers it. Some other standards have to be engaged.Applying Smith’s teachings to the modern world, then, is a much more complex and doubtful endeavor than it’s usually made out to be. He certainly wouldn’t have been opposed to every government intervention in the market. On financial reform, it’s easy to imagine Smith supporting the creation of a Consumer Financial Protection Agency and crackdowns on giant financial institutions. He might have also favored the just-passed health care reform bill, at least the part that requires states to set up exchanges to ensure retail competition for health insurance. Then again, he might not have. Asking “What would Adam Smith say?” is a lot easier than conclusively answering it. It is pretty clear, though, that he wouldn’t just shout, “Don’t interfere with the invisible hand!” and leave it at that.11. The author introduced the selfish economic decisions of home buyers, mortgage brokers,investment bankers and institutional investors over the past decade to illustrate that_____.(A) the invisible hand was a universal truth(B) supply-meets-demand is the law of market economy(C) economic decisions are always guided by selfish motivations(D) the invisible hand can sometimes lead to disastrous consequences12. The reason that everybody remembers Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” is that ______.(A) it is plain, simple, and forceful(B) it can be relied on at all times(C) it can be proved through mathematical calculation(D) it is a metaphor used in everyday life13. Which of the following best paraphrases the meaning of the short sentence “Fatchance.”(para. 6)? (A) There is almost no possibility of expounding the “invisible hand” theory.(B) The possibilities are plentiful for the discussion of free market.(C) There will be enough opportunities to introduce classical economy.(D) There is little discussion about how to organize our economy.14. The author tries to show that Adam Smith’s ideas expressed in his books ______. (A) are all related to the study of the nature of market forces(B) are consistent and systematic throughout(C) are sometimes apparently self-contradictory(D) are supportive of the corporation as the dominant economic organization15. Which of the following can serve as the conclusion of this passage?(A) Adam Smith’s analysis of the invisible hand is still the guideline for today’seconomy.(B) Adam Smith’s self-proclaimed disciples have misunderstood the expression of “the invisible hand”.(C) Adam Smith used the metaphor of “the invisible hand” to describe different kinds of social phenomena.(D) Adam Smith’s self-contradictory assertions and discussions are understandable. Questions 16--20If the past couple of weeks are any indication, mainstream media may be primed for a comeback. In July, The Washington Post published its massive “Top Secret America” series, painstakingly detailing the growth of the US intelligence community after 9/11. When it ran, New York Observer editor Kyle Pope crowed (on Twitter, ironically), “Show me the bloggers who could have done this!” The Los Angeles Times recently mobilized a community to action when it broke the news that top city officials in Bell, Calif., one of the poorest cities in Los Angeles county, were raking in annual salaries ranging from $100,000 to $800,000.Clearly, if mainstream media is an aging fighter against the ropes, it still has a few punches left to throw. But such make-a-difference journalism requires lots of time and money, something most news outlets don’t have. And it runs counter to the frantic pace of modern, Web-driven newsrooms. So for journalism to survive in the Digital Age, it needs to be simultaneously fast-paced and substantive, snarky and thought-provoking. Or, at the very least, it must find some middle ground where illuminating investigative pieces and Mel Gibson telephone call mash-ups can coexist.The 24/7 newsroom has become an intractable part of the media landscape, and the Web is the primary battleground news outlets have to win in order to stay competitive. That has forced journalists to become much more mindful of online traffic, which can sap morale. As a recent New York Times piece put it: “Young journalists who once dreamed of trotting the globe in pursuit of a story are instead shackled to their computers, where they try to eke out a fresh thought or be first to report anything that will impress Google algorithms and draw readers their way.” But theWashington Post and Los Angeles Times pieces demonstrate that, regardless of whether the stories appear in print or online, reporters still need the time and space to be effective watchdogs—to track down sources and slog through financial disclosures, and court documents that often fill the better part of a journalist’s working life.Right out of college, I spent several years working for a mid-size regional daily newspaper. I covered endless city and county government meetings, reported on crime and education, and learned that reporters should always carry a sensible pair of shoes in their car in case they are sent into the mountains to cover a wildfire. In my relatively short time in the newspaper trenches, I developed a profound respect for the people who do the decidedly unglamorous work of keeping government honest for little pay and even less job security.The Pew Research Center’s State of the News Media 2010 report found that, while reported journalism is contracting and commentary and analysis is growing, 99 percent of the links on blogs circle back to the mainstream press. (Just four outlets—BBC, CNN, The New York Times, and The Washington Post—account for 80 percent of all links.) The report concludes that new media are largely filled with debate that is dependent on the shrinking base of reporting coming from old media. The same report included polling data showing that 72 percent of Americans feel that most news sources are biased in their coverage, feel overwhelmed rather than informed by the amount of news and information they’re taking in.I’m not advocating a return to some supposed halcyon period before the Internet. I’m still a product of my generation. I like the alacrity of the Web and admire its ability to conned people around the world, and to aggregate and spread information at lightning speed. Its warming glow gives me probably 90 percent of the news I consume, and I enjoy commenting on articles that friends post on Facebook.But I hope it won’t make me sound prematurely aged to say that sometimes the Internet exhausts me. That I’m troubled by how frequently I find myself sucked into the blogging vortex of endless linkage, circuitous kvetching, and petty media infighting. I often emerge from these binges hours later, bleary-eyed and less informed than when I started.The media need to be quick and smart. They should tell us something new, rather than simply recycle outrage. Some of the watchdog role has been shouldered by nonprofit outfits like the Pulitzer Prize-winning ProPublica—which has recruited a number of top investigative reporters with a mission of producing journalism in the public interest—as well as smaller nonprofit ventures springing up around the country.Many old-school media outlets are moving, toward a primarily Web-focused model. The “Top Secret America” series may be the best example to date of a deeply reported piece that probably could not have been achieved without the resources and support of a major news operation, but which is also packaged appealingly for the Web. All of this seems to indicate that, despite reported journalism’s painful contractions, a few small inroads are being made toward creating a new model for news. Solid reporting and thoughtful analysis shouldn’t be the sole province of a dying medium.16. The author introduced The Washington Post and The Los Angeles Times at the beginningof the passage in order to show that ______.(A) newspapers can still play their role of effective watchdogs(B) newspapers will spend lots of time and money to provide solid report(C) mainstream media is an aging fighter that runs counter to Web-driven newsrooms。
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版(附答案)
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版(附答案) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,tryto get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.2011年上海口译考试高级口译笔试(全真试题+答案)完整版SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questionswill be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each q uestion you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages.Each one is followed by se veral questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to ea ch question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is state d or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the co rresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need s pend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler sta rting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,mo st keep on trying,determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years l ater,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers ag ree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up j oining the ranks of underachievers.For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s success,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe,ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.It’s not quite that simple.“Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psycholo gy professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing num ber of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in student s who don’t seem to have much.They say that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step.Assuming that a kid doesn’t suff er from an emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at hom e,many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressu re that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.“Kids get s o caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it bloc ks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.“You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with Ne w York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorth odox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life.“The message is that everything is within the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Co lumbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which h as helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining mathgrades.More than any teacher or workshop,Blackwell says,“parents can play a critical r ole in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progr ess rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone.Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearan ce of drive in some kids.“These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who are n’t considered gifted and talented.They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff Howard,a soc ial psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that wor ks with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childre n’s academic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids t o a world beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.“The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard educatio n professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Fu ture),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.Thekey to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwo rk is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have tolearn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all of the following would be help ful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word“malleable”in the clause“that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3) most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression“to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4)can be paraphrased as__ ______.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the concept Questions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had someth ing else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the g overnment has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavi or.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not relat ed to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornogr aphy.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act(COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wan ts to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a cont rolled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wa nts to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters ea ch search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the govern ment has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend t o resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actu al search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determi ne the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005;the request has been sc aled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that o ur filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related tes t,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and,perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’sMiller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the p ersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation a ttorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ a s it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret8.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Inter net without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the express ion“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not s ome mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary human itarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charit y Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drou ght,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa,affecting huge area s of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about th e drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportiona tely:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight enc apsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign l enders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrate d time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and thatmoving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million peryear.In countries such as Burkina Faso,Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’her ds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of th e profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is p artly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famin e,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never w ork in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the pro blems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wante d.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strat egies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their col onial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitiv e and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to m odern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is i ntervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remain ing livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in Afric an famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another examp。
2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案
2011年3月高级口译翻译真题及答案(汉译英)合营企业设董事会,其人数组成由合营各方协商,在合同、章程中确定,并由合营各方委派。
董事会是合营企业的最高权力机构,决定合营企业的一切重大问题。
董事长由合营各方协商确定或由董事会选举产生。
董事长是合营企业法定代表人。
董事长不能履行职责时,应授权其他董事代表合营企业。
An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture.董事会会议由董事长负责召集并主持。
春季上海中高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总
春季上海中高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总2011年春季中级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案2011年春季中级口译考试听力S-T小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第一篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力P-T第二篇小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力T&C小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Spot小评2011年春季中级口译考试听力Statements小评2011年春季中级口译考试翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版)2011年春季中级口译考试听力原文及评析2011年春季中级口译考试听力单句听译SD点评2011年春季中级口译考试听力详细笔记2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第一篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第二篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第三篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第四篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第五篇简述2011年春季中级口译考试阅读第六篇简述2011年春季上海高级口译考试真题及答案解析汇总1 2011年春季高级口译真题翻译原文及参考答案查看2 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(昂立教育版) 查看3 2011年3月高级口译听力Spot Dictation原文(沪江) 查看4 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第二部分原文(沪江) 查看5 2011年3月高级口译听力上半场第四篇原文(昂立教育版) 查看6 2011年3月高级口译句子听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看7 2011年3月高级口译段落听译原文和答案(沪江) 查看8 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第一篇原文(新东方版) 查看9 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第三篇原文(新东方版) 查看10 2011年3月高级口译阅读上半场第四篇原文(新东方版) 查看11 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(新东方版) 查看12 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第一篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看13 2011年3月高级口译阅读下半场第二篇原文及解析(新东方版) 查看14 2011年3月高级口译翻译原文和参考答案(沪江版) 查看15 2011年3月高级口译英译汉的八大难词分析查看考试大口译笔译站点收集整理。
2011年3月高级口译听力完整答案及听力原文及解析
2011年3月高级口译听力完整答案及听力原文及解析听力答案SECTION ONE:LISTENING TESTPart A Spot Dictation:1. freedom and connection2. top five benefits3. to think differently4. old boring way of doing things5. oppose the common wisdom6. fixed and boring7. invite your inner child out8. shifts the new world of discovery9. every human spent time10. brought a smile to your face11. and a feeling of inner peace12. watch your joy factor13. to reduce stress14. basic to human existence15. adaptive abilities16. healthy answers to challenging situations17. add a feeling of relaxation18. stimulate the imagination19. more meaningful understanding20. various possible situationsPart B Listening Comprehension:1-5 BDBBC 6-10 BDACB11-15 BCDAC 16-20 ABCBCSECTION TWO:READING TEST1-5 C D D A A 6-10 C D B C C11-15 A D B D B 16-20 B D B B CSECTION FOUR:LISTENING TESTPart A Note-taking and Gap-filling:critical/ vital/ important/ essentialsaving/ cure/categoricallydeprofessionalizeddistancinghistoryListening75%10%laboratorytechnologyrelationshipinefficienttechnologiesdrugshospitalizationrewardbeyondcaringpatientPart B: Listening and Translation:Ⅰsentence translation1、首先让我们来定义这两个术语。
【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案
沪江英语绿宝书之2011年3月上海中级口译考试听力原文及解析SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.My topic for today‟s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another‟s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving them a sense of commonality. It‟s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate.A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked, …culture is communication and communication is culture.‟【解析】作为中口笔试听力第一题Spot Dictation,考试选用了文化题材的内容,考生对此类型题材应该并不陌生,但若不集中注意力,也会比较难把握文章的层次。
上海高级口译试题及答案
上海高级口译试题及答案一、听力理解1. 请根据所听对话,选择正确的答案。
A. 会议将在下午三点开始。
B. 会议将在下午四点开始。
C. 会议将在下午五点开始。
D. 会议将在下午六点开始。
答案:B2. 根据对话内容,下列哪项是正确的?A. 他们计划去看电影。
B. 他们计划去购物。
C. 他们计划去公园。
D. 他们计划去餐厅。
答案:A二、口语表达1. 请用英语描述你最喜欢的季节,并解释原因。
答案:My favorite season is autumn. The weather is cool and crisp, and the leaves change into beautiful colors.2. 请用英语讲述一次你在国外旅行的经历。
答案:During my trip to Paris, I visited the Eiffel Tower and enjoyed the stunning view of the city from the top.三、阅读理解1. 阅读以下段落,并回答问题:What is the main idea of the passage?答案:The main idea of the passage is the importance of environmental conservation.2. 根据文章内容,下列哪项是作者的观点?A. 人们应该减少使用塑料。
B. 人们应该增加使用塑料。
C. 塑料对环境没有影响。
D. 塑料是不可替代的。
答案:A四、翻译1. 将下列句子从英语翻译成中文:"In order to achieve success, one must be willing to work hard and persevere."答案:为了取得成功,一个人必须愿意努力工作并坚持不懈。
2. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英语:“随着科技的发展,我们的生活变得越来越便利。
上海市高级口译答案
上海市11月高级口译答案2000.11上海市英语高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试A卷参考答案:Part APassage 1:20世纪以来,美国工业涨落不断。
汽车工业不得不为迎接外国竞争的挑战而努力奋斗,出现了许多新工业。
许我时新的工业都属于所谓的高科技工业,因为它们要依赖于科技上的最新发现。
∥高科技工业趋向高自动化,这样就比诸如炼钢这样的传统工业需要更少的工人。
随着高科技工业的发展以及比较老的工业在近些年来的衰退,美国制造生产线上的工人比例已经下降服务行业——不制造产品而出售服务的行业——在经济中处于主导地位。
Passage 2:心脏病像其他退行性疾病一样,在出现明显而剧烈的症状前,会潜伏很长一段时间。
其实,我国大多数年轻人在20出头时就已经得了心脏病。
病情一年年每况愈下,直到最后心脏病不可避免地发作。
∥大部分人到了一定年龄心脏病才会第一次发作,比如说到了50多岁或60多岁。
但是每一年都有数以千计的人在20多岁时就心脏病发作,有时候甚至会有人在10多岁时就发作严重的心脏病。
在这个意义上,我们可以说,由于年轻人对心脏病毫无防备,这种疾病对他们更具威胁。
Part BPassage 1:Welcome to the Donghai World Park. The Donghai World Pak,which is the largest theme park of its kind unparalleled in the Far East,features a complete collection of the well-known world scenic spots. Surrounded by 100 sights of historical interest and natural attraction including the seven wonders of the world,you will easily fulfill you dream of touring around the world in a day.∥The miniature replicas of the selected scenic sights were constructed out of top grade stones of white jade,marble and granite,all boasting exquisite workmanship and ingenious design. The tourists will find themselves engrossed in an involuntary admiration of the dazzling arrays of the exact scenic reproductions that are unbelievably true to the original.Passage 2:The National Bureau of Statistics has conducted a survey among one hundred Chinese economists. Most of them think that the economic trends during the first half of the year were favorable and the economic situation is quite ideal. With regards to the macroeconomic trends for the second half,over 80% of those polled predicted that the second half would be better than the first half.∥With regards to China’s economic growth this year,all experts predict a higher figure than that of last year,the average forecast being about 8%. However,at the same time,many experts argue that without a new round of infusion of funds,the economic growth rate of the second half could be lower than that of the first half.口译题录音文字稿:Part ADirections:In this part of the test,you will hear 2 passages in English. After youhave heard each paragraph,interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal……and stop it at the signal……You may take n otes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:The 20th century has seen the rise and decline of a succession of industries in the United States. The automobile industry has had to struggle to meet the challenge of foreign competition. Many new industries have appeared. Many of the currently rising industries are among what are known as high-tech industries,because of their dependence on the latest developments in technology.∥High-tech industries tend to be highly automated and thus need fewer workers than traditional industries such as steel-making. As high-tech industries have grown and older industries have declined in recent years,the proportion of American workers employed in manufacturing has declined. Service industries—industries that sell a service rather than make a product—now dominate the economy.Passage 2:Like other degenerative diseases,heart disease is ordinarily present for a very long time in the body before obvious and drastic symptoms appear. In fact,for most young people in our country,heart often begins in their early twenties. It grows worse over the years until finally the inevitable heart attack strikes.∥For most people the first heart attack does not come until a certain age,say their fifties or sixties. But for thousands of people every year,the first heart attack comes in the twenties and occasionally even a person in his teens may experience a serious heart attack. In this way we can say that heart disease is more dangerous to theyounger generation,since they are not at all prepared for it.Part BDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each paragraph,interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal……and stop it at the signal……You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:欢迎各位游览东海世界公园。
上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试真题及详解(一)【圣才出品】
上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试真题及详解(一)第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or wordsyou have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the correspondingspace in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passageONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with Spot Dictation.We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve _____(1) that gets us so much information. We’ve got _____(2)every second, we’ve got computers and laptops, we’ve got personal organizers and we’re just being _____(3) and every advance in technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are sort of _____(4).Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains _____(5), producing a world-wide increase in IQ _____(6) and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in _____(7) we now have to go through?We’re not becoming a race of _____(8), but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to _____(9), to answer a dozen mails in five minutes, or to fill out _____(10). That’s enhanced. But when someone is out there with his kids _____(11) or something like that, he’s got his cell phone in hispocket. He’s always wondering, “Gee, did I get a voicemail?”This might have negative effects _____(12).Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just _____(13), just playing, when it _____(14) which you hadn’t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a hook. You are a businessperson but you have time to _____(15), or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago or something or some idea _____(16). Actually, it might occur to you that you _____(17) in that way, and so it’s this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, _____(18). And if your mind is disciplined to answer every e-mail, then you don’t have time for that playful nodding. You don’t have time for _____(19). So I think maybe we’re getting smarter in some senses, hut over-communication is _____(20) and to our reflection.【答案】1. developed technology2. cell phones ringing3. bombarded with communication4. overwhelmed by the information flow5. work better and faster6. up to 20 points7. all these mental gymnastics8. global idiots9. make fast decisions10. maybe big aptitude tests11. playing in his little league12. on our own brain patterns13. nodding around14. puts together ideas15. read a book about history16. somebody thought of long ago17. can think of your own business18. feeds your creativity19. those unexpected conjunctions20. a threat to our creativity【录音原文】We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve developed technology that gets us so much information that we’ve got cell phones ringing every second, we’ve got computers and laptops, we’ve got personal organizers and we’re just being bombarded with communication and every advance in technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are sort of overwhelmed by the information flow.Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains work better and faster, producing a world-wide increase in IQ up to 20 points and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in all these mental gymnastics we now have to go through?We’re not becoming a race of global idiots, but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to make fast decisions, to answer a dozen e-mails in five minutes, or to fill out maybe big aptitude tests. That’s enhanced. But when someone is out there with his kids playing in his little league or something like that, he’s got his cell phone in his pocket. He’s always wondering, “Gee, did I get a voicemail?”This might have negative effects on our own brain patterns.Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just noodling around, just playing, when it puts together ideas which you hadn’t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a book. You are a businessperson but you have time to read a book about history, or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago or something or some idea somebody thought of long ago. Actually, it might occur to you that you can think of your own business in that way, and so it’s this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, feeds your creativity. And if your mind is disciplined to answer every e-mail, then you don’t have time for that playful noodling. You don’t have time for those unexpected conjunctions. So I think maybe we’re getting smarter in some senses, but over-communication is a threat to our creativity and to our reflection.Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked same questions. The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now, listencarefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heardand write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspondingspace in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Now let’s begin Part B with ListeningComprehension.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) The designing of a new town.(B) The most livable small town in America.(C) The financing of a housing project.(D) The updating of old building codes.2. (A) Houses with front porches.(B) Houses that are very close together.(C) Quarter-of-an-acre or half-an-acre private yard space.(D) Easy access to the town center and to the vital institutions.3. (A) It has nothing to do with a sense of nostalgia for the past.(B) It has failed in the new town mentioned in the conversation.(C) People prefer to stay in an air-conditioned front porch.(D) People spend very much time on front porches in hot climates.4. (A) You are not allowed to use red curtains facing the street.(B) You couldn’t attach a satellite dish to your house.(C) You should remove plastic products from front porches.(D) You mustn’t park your car in front of your house for long.5. (A) Some of these rules seem to go a little too far.(B) Some of these rules are contradictory.(C) These rules are all dictated by the local laws.(D) These rules have not been approved by the developer.【答案与解析】1.A 对话开头男士便提到“in designing this new town…”,接着回顾了美国以前的小城镇把最好的设计元素结合在一起,例如联排别墅,人行道,前廊和两边种着树的街道等。
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2011年3月_真题-无答案
上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2011年3月(总分9,考试时间90分钟)一、口语题Directions: Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is…" "My registration number is… ".News report1. The Department of Education of Shandong Province recently issued a document, requiring middle and primary schools to "screen and filter" traditional classics carefully. The document says some content of traditional masterpieces, such as Students' Rules(弟子规) or The Three-Character Classic(三字经), does not conform to today's social value and should be deleted before being presented to students. This document has triggered heated debates. Topic: Should traditional masterpieces be cut?Questions for Reference:1. Supporters say they believe, in providing education on traditional culture, the good should be retained and the bad discarded. Make **ment on this view.2. Opponents say cutting sections from traditional masterpieces damages their integrity and deprives students of the chance of developing the ability of making independent judgments. What is your opinion?3. What is the significance of learning traditional Chinese masterpieces today? What is the correct attitude towards traditional classics?二、口译题Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONL Y ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.【点此下载音频文件】1.2.Part BDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph,interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages ONL Y ONCE.Now let us begin Part B with the first passage.【点此下载音频文件】1.2.。
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Feeling tired? Under too much stress, well, you may want to try yoga. it’s what more and more people have been turning to to ease the trouble of modern life, practically unheard of in the west until 50 years ago, yoga has become one of the most popular heath trend around. Yoga schools are having difficulty keeping up with the demand, most of the so-called yogis seems to focus on figure correction not true awareness. They make statements about yoga about yoga being for the body, mind and soul, but this is just semantics.
If one practices yoga just for heath, he’d better take up walking, if one needs to cure a disease, see a doctor. Yoga is not a therapy, nor is it a philosophy, yoga is about inside awareness, it is the process of union of the self with the whole. Some scientists research mainly external phenomena. Yoga practitioners focus on the inside, they know that the external world is illusionary and everything inside is true. It’s essentially to train our bodies to find the most comfortable pose that we can sit in for hours.
When it was created more than half a century ago , in the convulsive aftermath of world war two, the United Nations reflected the humanity’s greatest hopes for a just and peaceful global community. It still embodies that dream. The United Nations plays an important role in creating and sustaining the global rules without which the modern societies simply could not function. The World Heath Organization, for example set quality criteria for the pharmaceutic industry worldwide.
The world meteorological office collects weather data from individual state and re-distribute it, which in turn improves global weather forecasting. The world intellectual property organization protects trade marks and pets outside their country of origin. The UN statistic commission helps secure uniformity in accounting standards, it is impossible to imagine our globalized world without the principals and practices of multilateralism to underpin it.。