习语论文英汉习语翻译方论文
英语论文浅谈英汉习语翻译
本科生毕业论文（设计）册学院 XXX学院专业 XXXX班级 XXXX级英语XX班学生 XXX指导教师 XXXXXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编号：论文（设计）题目：浅谈英汉习语翻译学院： XXX学院专业： XXXX 班级： XXX级XX班学生姓名： XXX 学号： XXXX指导教师XXX 职称：XXX1、论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是比较英汉习语的对应关系，并在此基础上，针对不同的对应类型提出具体的翻译方法。
其主要任务是系统地分析习语的翻译以更好地促进两种语言和文化之间的交流。
2、论文（设计）的主要内容本论文分为三章。
第一章是对习语定义和特征的简单介绍。
第二章具体叙述了英汉习语的三种对应关系。
第三章根据英汉习语不同的对应关系提出了具体的翻译方法。
3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线本论文的基础条件是翻译家和语言学家对英汉习语及其翻译的研究成果。
研究路线是对英汉习语从对应程度分类，并在此基础上提出不同对应类型的英汉习语的翻译方法。
4、主要参考文献Seidl Jennifer and W McMordie.1978. English Idioms and How to Use Them. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Nida E A. 1993. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.骆世平，2006，《英语习语研究》，上海：上海外语教育出版社。
张培基，1980，《英汉翻译教程》，上海：上海外语教育出版社。
指导教师：年月日教研室主任：年月日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述本科生毕业论文设计题目：浅谈英汉习语翻译作者姓名： XXX指导教师： XXX所在学院： XXX学院专业（系）：英XXXX 班级（届）： 2XXX届完成日期 XXXX 年 5 月 5 日On English and Chinese Idiom TranslationBYXXXXXXX, TutorA ThesisSubmitted to Department ofEnglish Language and Literature in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A. in EnglishAt XXXX UniversityMay 5th,XXXX摘要习语作为一种特殊的表达方式，是语言的瑰宝。
英语论文-英汉习语对比及其翻译
英汉习语对比及其翻译【Abstract】Idioms are the essence of a language, which have strong national colors and distinctive cultural connotations. So it is difficult for both English and Chinese readers to understand the idiom translation thoroughly and exactly. This thesis first analyzes the similarity of English and Chinese idioms from the aspect of rhetorical means, such as alliteration, rhyme, repetition, antithesis and so on. Then it probes into the causes of the differences in English and Chinese idioms from the aspects of different living circumstances, different cognitions of things, different religions and beliefs, and different historical allusions and myths, etc. After that, it talks about the three typical problems in English-Chinese idiom translation, such as interpreting the English idioms too literally, copying Chinese customary sayings mechanically, and lacking in necessary explanatory notes. Finally, it summarizes five idiom translation methods, including literal translation with explanation, literal translation with association, transformation of meanings, application of Chinese couplet and equal consideration of both images and meanings. All the significance of this thesis is to convey the idioms‟ cultural information as much as possible, which is very useful for the language learning.【Key Words】idiom; comparison; translation【摘要】习语通常包括成语、俗语、格言、歇后语、谚语、俚语、行话等。
英语习语翻译方法论文
英语习语翻译方法论文摘要：影响习语翻译的因素很多，习语也因此成为一种语言中比较特殊的部分，译者在处理习语翻译时既要兼顾习语的意思，又要保留习语的风格，还要考虑读者的接受，这就给译者提出了很高的要求。
因此在翻译时，我们常常会有顾此失彼的现象，希望上面提到的几种翻译方法，能对译者有所帮助，能够最大化的呈现习语的精髓。
一、习语翻译习语是语言的精髓，是劳动人民在长期生活中沉淀下来的勤劳与智慧的结晶，是本民族语言中特有的语言现象，无论是在口语还是书面语中，使用习语都可以大大增加语言的生动性，增加语言的美感。
正是因为它的特殊性，习语翻译就给译者带来了一定的难度，既要准确译出它的意思，还要译出习语包含的文化内涵。
二、方法1.找对等词人们虽然身居不同的地域，但是有着相似的劳动和生活经历，对大自然也有着相似的态度。
正由于此，不同民族的语言中都有对同样的现象和情形的描述和所指。
例如，英语中有strike while the iron is hot，汉语中与之对应的也有“趁热打铁”，这两种表达无论从修辞还是意义上讲几乎是对等的。
再比如fish in trouble waters （浑水摸鱼），show one’s t rue color （露出真面目）， pour oil on fire/add fuel to the flames （火上加油）也都是一一对应的。
2.替代替代可以说是前一种方法的扩展，唯一的差别是原文和译文不是绝对的对等。
为了让习语便于理解，我们可以改变习语中的个别词。
不同的是我们会用其它词使源语的所指更明晰。
比如，英语中如果要描述房间凌乱的样子，会用到at sixes and sevens，而在汉语中我们则用“乱七八糟”。
英语中用的数字是“六”和“七”，而我们用的数字是“七”和“八”，尽管数字不同，但是两个习语表达的意思是一样的，都是指凌乱，不整洁。
再比如，英语中的to get blood from stone和汉语汇总的“糠里榨油”都是指不可能的事情，这里的糠（bran）替换了stone，而油（oil）替换了blood，但是翻译的时候意思是相通的。
中英习语的文化差异及其翻译商务英语毕业论文商务英语专业
中国某某某某学校学生毕业设计(论文)题目：中英习语的文化差异及其翻译姓名：00000000班级、学号：0000班、00000000系(部) ：经济管理系专业：商务英语指导教师：000000000开题时间：2009-4-10完成时间：2009-11-012009 年11 月01 日目录课题中英习语的文化差异及其翻译一、课题(论文)提纲二、内容摘要三、参考文献Cultural Differences between English and Chinese Idiomatic Phrases and Their Translation00000000AbstractIdioms are social products, carrying a nation's civilization. Life can be used and seen anywhere. They have rich cultural connotations, reflecting the different ethnic groups in history, geography, religion, customs and ways of thinking. So it is necessary to compare their culture.In this paper, the author will discuss the idioms in five levels: living environment, custom, religion, allusion, and acknowledge of objective things. The translation of idioms in both languages should not only be a simple conversion, but also cultural exchanges.Key Words:Idioms; translation; culture; differences0. IntroductionLanguage carries a rich connotations about culture, however, the idiom, as the essence of a language, is even more so. A lot of forms of fixed, brachylogy, concision, and full of implications, rather ethnic characteristics of the idioms are from in English and Chinese long history. The idiom has a strong cultural identity and is the core and essence of language and an important part of society and culture. These idioms and this nation’s customs, history and culture are linked in countless ways. “Culture is a complex body, including physicals, knowledge, beliefs, arts, ethics, law, customs, and the rest of the ability and habit which learned from the community.”A nations’values, social customs, ways of thinking are all most vividly manifest in the idiom.1 Cultural differences between English and Chinese IdiomsAbout Idiomatic phrases, “Oxford”explanation is that the idiom is divided into two meanings:(1) language of a people or country ；specific character of this ；（2）(gram)successionof words whose meaning is not obvious through knowledge of the individual meanings of the constituent words but must be leant as a whole. Therefore, the Idiomatic phrases, including idioms, proverbs, sayings, phrases, slang and allusions.From the Linguistic Weltanschauungs, the national life of the Earth is only one; therefore, the commonalities of different ethnic language and culture must exist. However, “different ethnic languages, because the physical environment and located in different geographical, social and cultural philosophies of origins are diverse, and thus there must be its own unique national identity. In any case, cultural differences, the reality is prevailing at this stage.”1.1 Differences in living environmentAs the United Kingdom is located in an island nation, English people has always been good at sailing; the maritime industry has always occupied an important position, a lot of English idioms are nautical terms which used by sailors, and later people on the ground who also gradually use it. Such as: all at sea (All at sea, as a metaphor for at a loss),hang in the wind (Swaying in the wind, as a metaphor for hesitating to dothings), three sheets in the wind(three sails feet shaking, as a metaphor for drinking too much), all hands to the pumps(All have gone to pumping, as a metaphors foe critical issues, we must go all out), in the same boat(This is the sailor said: “with somebody at the same boat”, and, later, people use it to express “the situation is the same to somebody”) and so on. China has vast territory, although near the sea, and the coastline is very long, but the maritime industry has been in a backward state. Though with the navigation-related idiom there are a few, such as “same boat”, “through thick and thin”, “the drowned disaster”, etc .China mainly locates in the Asian continent, is a landlocked country, the land is vital for people, people can not live without the land, so there are many agriculture-related idioms in Chinese, such as: “Tu yang jie he”, “the collapse of soil bang”, “extermination”, “home-grown”, “comeback”and so on.In the Chinese cultural atmosphere, summer is often linked with the intense heat, there are many idioms describing the hot summer, such as: “Jiao yang si huo”, “scorch like fire”and so on. The United Kingdom is located in the North Temperate Zone, summer weather is cool and pleasant, and it often together with lovely, warm and good, beautiful thewords. In Shakespeare's sonnets, Shakespeare draws an analogy between lover and summer, “shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art lovelier and more temperate.”In addition, the United Kingdom is located in the Western Hemisphere, the reporter is the message of spring westerly winds, while in Chinese, and the east wind is the reporter about spring.In addition, people always use the “bamboo”to describe as that: “the things are rapid development”in China. English idiom is synonymous with “like mushrooms”(like a mushroom General).Because Britain does not produce bamboo, “bamboo”in English this word comes from Malay.1.2 Differences in CustomsIdiom has a strong flavor of life and distinct ethnic characteristics. Customs of a nation are reflections of cultural awareness and performance in the long years of evolving by the nation’s psychological state of domination. Colorful ethnic customs, which constitute the roots of idioms and is soil which idioms, depends on the resilience to survive and get the deep, and a lot of idioms are from folk idioms. Example, Apple-pie is a traditional food and is from the United States population. Some women used to start the week, first bakedapple pies are 7, and then discharge them in turn in the food shelves. Monday is to eat first lattice pie, Tuesday is to eat second grid. Do the same by analogy. Therefore, apple-pie order (the order of apple pie) has become a synonym for neat and orderly. For example: Before her guests arrived, the hostess had put her house in apple-pie order.Chinese idiom “xiao cai yi die”and the English Idioms a piece of cake (a cake), all mean easy things. In this sense, the Chinese language, “side dishes”and English “cake”contain “easy things”meaning. But in the idiom, the expression of same idea is completely different in the form between Chinese and English, and it is a relationship with eating habits. The Cake is very common form of food in the Britain .The British often used it in life, so they will use a piece of cake that easy to do. In China, the cake appear Over the past few hundred years in people's life, is a High-grade food, generally only in exceptional circumstances can eat. The dish has had an important place in the lives of the Chinese people, eating a dish is easy for Chinese people, so we use “a piece of cake”to describe a very easy thing for a long time . Because this eating customs are different，when Chinese and English idiomsexpress the same meaning from food culture, they use a completely different form.1.3 Cultural Differences in Religious Beliefs Religious differences are typical of the psychological and cultural differences. Religion has played a very important role in the development of all different nations. Western people are Christian faith, and the Chinese are Buddhist faith. Thus, a large number of idioms, which related to religion, appear to the English language. In many Western countries, especially in the Anglo-American, they are Christians, related idioms such as: “God helps those who help themselves.”, “Go to hell.”This curse and so on.“The Bible”was adopted Christianity as its classic, because “the Bible”tells a lot with religious myths and legends related to the Jews, codes, religious rules, and some of the facts and so on. It reflects the emotions of the ancients, entreaties and ideals. Therefore, a large number of idioms are from “Bible”Such as: Job’s patience “very patient”, “Judas Kiss”, a daughter of Eve “woman”, as wise as Solomon “superior intelligence”and so on. This shows that the“Bible”of the impact of the English language.“Buddhism was introduced into China in Western Han Dynasty. There have been already 1000 years of history. There appear lots of idioms which form Chinese Buddhism in China. They believe the “Buddha”dominates everything in the earth，there are many idioms, such as: “borrow something to make a gift of it, leisure does not burn incense, five body cast, the back is the shore, paying homage to Tao is one foot tall high magic Yi Zhang and so on.”1.4 AllusionEnglish idioms, there are some from history, and some are from fables, myths and legends, and their structure are simple, but its significance is far-reaching. Therefore, they have a high value of researching. From the Greek myth of Achilles' heel leads people to think of “The only Achilles heel”; cat’s paw literally translated as a cat’s claws, it is from “Aesop’s Fables”, metaphor is used to “having been used as a tool to use”or “the subject of to fool people”; between Scylla and Carbides translated as “a dilemma”,is from Homer’s epics; Pandora’s box literal translation for the Pandora’s box, which means “endless disaster”.Chinese idioms are mainly derived from the Chinese classical fables、stories and legends. For example, trust to chance and stroke of luck; only pay lip service, “The foolish old man who removed the mountain”. “Making a mark on the Boat to Looking for a Sword”. Those are derived from fable; Chang E flying to the moon, putting the finishing touch to the picture of a dragon, “Jingwei Trying to fill up the Sea”, those idioms are from myths and legends. These idioms fully reflects the Han nationality's unique ancient culture, it is difficult to find equivalent idiom in English also showing the great differences with the English national culture. Allusions in English idiom come from the “Bible”and the Greek and Roman mythology, such as “the Achilles’ heel”(the Achilles heel of the sole), “meet one’s waterloo”(suffered a crushing defeat), “Penelope’s web”(never able to fulfill the work), “a Pandora’s box”(Pandora’s the case dates disaster, trouble, the root causes of the scourge), etc.1.5 Different opinions on objectsThe meanings of all wisdoms which related to animals are very different between English and Chinese languages. Because the two peoples who attitude towards animals isdifferent. Two peoples have the habit of dogs, but in China, people psychologically hate the creatures. Thus, in Chinese, the most idiom which related to “dog”is derogatory , such as: henchman, the dog saw were low, a person who offers bad advice, a cornered beast will do something desperate, dogs bad one did not know a good heart. Lu Sun, a famous scholar once called on people to “tong da luo shui gou”. This shows that Chinese people hate dogs and have no praise to the dog. However, for Westerners, either gatekeepers or hunting dogs can also be regarded as human pets, friends or partner. So the Westerners have pity emotions to the dog. Many English idioms that related to dogs are not derogatory. Celebrity Roland during the French Revolution, famously Madame Roland said: "The more I observe people, the more I love dog.”obviously, “dog”in the Western is a favorite animal and is “faithful”symbol. In English, the words with “dog”are complimentary sense, among these are “Love me, love my dog.”; “A top dog”(the winners, so the overall situation of people); “a gay dog”(Happy); “a sea dog”(experienced sailor); “A water dog”(water well person); “to help a lame dog over a stile”(to help others in distress), “You are a lucky dog”(You’re really lucky), “better be the head ofa dog than the tail of a lion”(I would rather be beheaded, not to a cow’s rump)as a warning motto. Another example: “Bear”in Chinese and Westerners, produced in the minds of associative meanings are very different. When it comes to the “Bear”, Chinese people will think about the “useless, no skill”and other cultural contents, such as “Look at his bear-like”, “True Bear”and other derogatory term. In English, the bear may be described with special talents, such as people: “He is a bear at math.”He was a mathematical genius. Have this can be seen that the same animal words in different cultural background brings different associations.2 The Translation of Idioms“The translation is the process and results of that the one language or the variant of language turn into another language or the variant of language.”As most of the idiom with a strong ethnic color and local color, and some meanings are at a glance, some have many layers of meaning; translation must be based on the specific requirements of the upper and lower asking to determine its meaning. “WangZuoliang said: ‘interpreter must be a real sense of the intellectuals.’”When idioms are in the translation, the translator must notonly faithfully convey the original meaning of the language, but also accurately describe the cultural connotation of the original. Through the comparison of the two culture of language as much as possible to maintain the original and the translation equivalently, allowing the reader to obtain exactly or substantially the same with the original feeling. “Therefore, the translation of idioms must take into account both sides, one can seek easy solutions, and one of grace can save the original.”It translated idioms; I have the following specific methods:2.1 Literal translationSome English idioms with their corresponding English idiom meaning and usage in basically is the same, of course, the basic counterpart does not mean full right equivalence, there are some differences between the two is possible, but this does not affect the right understanding of the original, so , literal translation can be used to maintain the original features. Example：（1）In ancient times if a man’s eye was put out by his enemy ,he might get revenge by putting his enemy. This was the rule of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.“An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”is from a “Bible”, “Old Testament out of Egypt”, Chapter 21. The Chinese idiom is absorbed into Chinese idiom, one of the few foreign words. Since English Idioms and Chinese idioms are almost exactly the same, meanings is the same, it can be literally translated（2）Think carefully before you resign—if you do that you will have burnt your boats.“To burn one’s boat”most drastic is out of ancient Rome, Julius Caesar set off fighting as soldiers determined to become accustomed, so that the soldiers have no return, the burning of warships. Chinese language is most drastic from Concubine. Kiang Yu, the meanings of formation of idioms and word are similar, so I can keep the original image, and use literal translation. There are many figures corresponding idiom in English and Chinese can also be used directly literal translation. Such as：“a stone’s throw fall in love at the first sight，kill two birds with one stone，as like as two peas，be on the verge of breaking out，get something done once and for all，in a complete mess，in two minds, half-hearted.”2.2 Literal translation plus free translationThe usage and meaning English and Chinese idioms in are differences, but there are still common, that is to say part of the counterpart, in this situation, it can be used the way of literal translation change English into Chinese.Example：（1）To play dance music at a funeral is to put new wine into old bottles.“To put new wine into old bottles”literally translates as “new wine in old bottles”, although it is a complete language habits in accordance with the original expression, but the readers may have misunderstood the implication, they need to add “discordant”, to illustrate this.（2）He is a really shedding crocodile tears.“To shed crocodile tears”literally translated as “crocodile tears falling”, people do not speak clear about “crocodile tears”in English-speaking countries, but for the Han people is the habit of “cat and mouse cry”, to express the same moral. Therefore, based on the literal translation with an injection can avoid ambiguity.2.3 Substitution methodAs the difference of aesthetic taste, social structure, values, codes of conduct between the Chinese and Western traditions,some of English idioms, which meaning usage cultural and characteristics ,are of the reader unfamiliar, the moral of bearing can not be found in the corresponding Chinese word expression. In this case, we must change it into Metaphor, that is, the reader is more familiar with the image, resulting in close to the original language or knows implication to achieve with the original expression of the same or similar effect.（1）A penny’s worth of quality, a penny’s worth of price. The translation of this sentence involves the currency of English-speaking countries. If the literal translation would become that “a penny is a product.”However, if it is the Chinese currency unit, replaced by “sub”to express, translated it as “a penny a sub-goods”, both popular and also easy to understand, but also with Chinese habits.（2）The proof of the pudding is the eating.If we translated as “pudding to be tested, it is necessary to eat one to eat,”is also beyond reproach, but “pudding”After all, our Chinese traditional culture does not have something to “person-to-know the depth of river, personally know that sweet and sour taste of pear ”, “has given the Chinese colors.” When using other images, those who have an obvious ethnic color or local color, or the idioms ofsomebody’s name, the names of places, and the translation can not be used when replacing each other, otherwise nondescript, loss of original features. Such as: Two heads are better than one head. Although “Three Stooges surpass one”has the same meaning, but when the Chinese translation can not be applied because the wise are not all Westerners and are familiar with Chinese history and mission conflicts with the original from top to bottom .If it is translated as “a person is less than two-chi,”the more appropriate, meaning neither aliasing, but also to avoid conflicts caused by ethnic color.2.4 Free translationAs the language differences and different cultural backgrounds between Britain and China, the information include that the original language in the special historical, economic, political and geographical environment, the special needs of the people had nothing in common, if hard to translate, not only will become burdensome and excessively bureaucratic, but also for readers, who the cultural background will be puzzled, they do not understand. At thistime the only way to translating just do not rigidly adhere to the original, and may be rounding the image, focusing on the original expression, that is based on a thorough understanding of idioms and the image of the abandon of the original language of the implication for translation, using the non-image of language to express and the information in the original language to express them, so that the reader can accurately understand and appreciate the beauty of the original.（1）Knowing fully well the importance of the tournament, all the players pulled their socks up.In English idiom, “to pull one's socks up”means “to muster the vigor”, if we take the word literally translated as “roll up your socks”, and although the image of clear-cut, but target language is unacceptable for the reader. Thus, “high spirits, gearing up”direct translate to the original semantics and can increase the appeal of the translation, as much as possible to narrow the difference between the effecting on the original language and translated language for readers.（2）It is a long lane that has no turning.“If literally translated as ，there is no turning lanes are indeed a very long alley”, it is coincided with the meaning to be contrary; it would be a laughing stock.2.5 TransplantationIn order to retain more of the original style, for the English idiom, provided that they meet Chinese standards, and the image went for Chinese readers to understand, it may be a bold transplantation, retain the unique image of the Anglo-American culture, so that helps Anglo-American culture to introduced to China, and to enrich the Chinese language vocabulary, and to improve Chinese language skills. But this image of migration must be able to accept and understand for the readers, and will not produce an error association. This translation has the advantage of achieving the exchange of different cultures and language integration; improve the skills of target language. Such as:（1）He went about the job like a bull in a china shop.（2）He was very thin and his skin hung on his bones like an old suit much too large for him.Translation of the above two idioms express such a meaning, not only provide a novel and unique form oflanguage for the Chinese , but also to make a more vivid image of the translation, both to stimulate the imagination of readers and reflects the original cultural identity.2.6 Supplement translationSome English idioms often use abbreviated form, but the implication has not changed, if only a translation was given in the abbreviated form, Chinese readers may not understand its meaning, allowing for translation of the original part of the supplement is better understood. Such as:(1) It is the old story of the stitch in time.Here “the stitch in time”is the abbreviated form of “A stitch in time saves nine”.(2) Henry had a wild party at his home when his parents were out of town .One of his neighbor shook his head and sighed, “When the cat’s away.”Here “when the cat is away”is the abbreviated form of “When the cat’s away, the mice will play”.3、ConclusionIn short, the idiom is not only the essence of language, but also is a microcosm of the language and is the concentratedreflection of language features, and is the language which people in long-established and accepted practice; language is a special part of the human culture the Idioms precisely reflects the enormous impact of culture on language, the culture of idioms information load large, many cases of “implication”is in essence part of the language vocabulary. Therefore, to understand and master the language of the idiom, not only can improve the people’s language skills, but also can enhance people’s culture and ability, cultural competence can contribute to the improvement of another person’s language ability, and thus to further improve our cross-cultural communicative competence. Bibliography:[1]Christine Amber. Cool Cats, Top Dogs, and Other Beastly Expressions. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1999[2] Hall, E. Beyond Culture. New York: Doubleday Co. Press, 1976。
浅析英汉谚语互译论文
浅析英汉谚语互译论文•相关推荐浅析英汉谚语互译论文我国著名美学家朱光潜先生说过：“外国文字最难了解和翻译的第一是联想意义，它带有特殊的情感氛围，在字典中无从找出，如果我们不熟悉一国的风土人情和历史文化，对于文字的这种意义就茫然，尤其是在翻译时这一种字义最不容易对付。
”谚语是一种最富联想意义的语言现象，它是由一种简单符号传达复杂信息的方式，其特点是能够引起读者联想到与之相关的历史故事、民间传说以及文学故事等。
一、谚语的内涵何谓谚语？谚语是指“在群众中间流传的固定语句，用简单通俗的话反映出深刻的道理。
”谚语的绝大部分是人民群众对长期生活经验的科学总结，有的是来自文学名著的警句妙语。
英语谚语中有很大一部分来源于圣经，以格言或箴言的形式，总结生活的经验、阐述做人的道理，因此在群众中广为流传。
在语言形式上，英汉谚语具有非常相似的特征。
二、英汉谚语的特征（一）用词精炼、句式整齐。
经过长期的实践，谚语的用词十分讲究，单句间接凝练、言简意赅，双句大多采用对仗，结构整齐、对称。
汉谚：1、滴水穿石2、路遥知马力，日久见人心。
眼不见，心不烦。
（二）音韵和谐、易于上口。
谚语经过人们长期的使用流传，具有很强的口语化特点，单句讲究韵律，双句讲究对仗，因此说起来朗朗上口，听起来悦耳动听。
汉谚：1、嘴上无毛，说话不牢。
2、失之东隅，收之桑隅。
家规再严，丑事难免。
滴瓶不响，半瓶叮当。
（三）比喻生动，寓意深刻谚语来源于生活又反映生活，包含着许多生动形象的比喻，往往蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。
汉谚：1、留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
2、宁为鸡头，毋为牛后。
三、英汉谚语的翻译方法由于具有鲜明的民族性，同一内容的谚语，由于各民族的生活环境和生活习惯不同，有不同的说法，因此谚语的翻译需灵活处理。
一般来说，谚语的翻译有以下几种方法。
（一）同义谚语借用法同义谚语借用法就是运用相同意思的谚语相互翻译的方法。
虽然英语与汉语在语言习惯、民族特色、地方风情等方面有着极大的差别。
英汉习语翻译论文
关于英汉习语翻译的几点思考【摘要】习语是语言文化中最具丰富内涵和民族特色的部分。
英汉习语翻译，对促进中西文化交流起着重要作用。
本文从文化差异的角度，提出了几种有效的英汉习语翻译方法。
【关键词】英汉习语习语翻译文化差异习语，是指被人们口口相传的经典短句。
它是一种特殊的语言表达形式，简明扼要、精辟犀利又寓意深刻，与诗歌等文学作品一样被誉为语言文化的精髓。
英语和汉语都是世界上起源最早的语言种类之一，其历史文化渊远流长，在人类的经济生活和文化交流等方面起到举足轻重的作用。
英汉两种语言中都包含了大量的习语，它们有的含蓄典雅，有的诙谐幽默，有的趣味横生，给人们带去无比丰富的乐趣与文化享受。
英汉习语的翻译方法很多，笔者认为结合中西文化背景，采取“直译法为主，辅助直译加注，灵活地配合意译法”的策略十分可行。
一、直译法直译，就是指在符合翻译文章的语言规范性前提下，将原文的内容与形式直接转换成译文。
换句话说，直译法就是尽量保留英汉习语的原意、语法和形式结构，既要做到“形相近”，又要达到“意相似”。
比如常见的英语俗语“have seen better days！”直译成汉语就是“看起来日子过得不错！”；“a gentleman’s agreement”直译成中文便是“君子协定”。
汉语习语直译成英语也是如此，比如“功夫不负有心人”，直译成“hard work pays off”；“头发长，见识短”直译成“long hair and short wit”；“万事开头难”直译成“the beginnings of all things are difficult”等。
直译法使得原文与译文习语的字面结构和形象意义都十分近似，保留了原习语的文化特征与民俗风格，使得读者更容易接受、理解。
此外，如果原文中有比喻、隐喻、意象等特点，在直译的过程中也将保留这些特点。
因为这些修辞手法带有强烈的民族特色与文化色彩，通过直译法保留这些特点，也就保留了习语译文的原汁原味。
浅谈英汉习语的翻译 毕业论文
目录摘要 (1)关键词 (1)引言 (2)一、英语习语的内涵及其作用 (2)二、跨文化交际语境下的英汉习语差异 (2)三、英语习语在翻译中文化差异的因素 (3)3.1. 历史发展的差异 (3)3.2.地理环境的差异 (3)3.3.宗教信仰的差异 (3)3.4. 历史典故的差异 (4)四、英语习语翻译的原则 (4)4.1. 直译法 (4)4.2. 意译法 (5)4.3. 直译加注法 (5)五、结语 (6)参考文献 (7)摘要：英语习语是英语语言的精华，是英语词汇中一个不可缺少的组成部分。
人们高频率地使用英语习语，既满足了语用学中对信息简洁的要求，也达到了有效的交际目的。
习语的翻译要掌握习语的文化内涵，同时也要兼顾文化差异和翻译原则，生动、准确地表达复杂的思维和社会的发展。
关键词:英语习语翻译英汉习语差异浅谈英汉习语的翻译引言语言是文化的载体，是文化的一个重要组成部分，文化要通过语言来交流和传承，语言只能依附于某种特定的文化而存在。
人们在对语言与文化二者的关系研究的过程中，逐渐产生了一门新的学科——跨文化交际学。
而在语言这个大家庭中，习语是其中的核心和精华。
如果没有习语，语言将会变得枯燥乏味，毫无生气。
反之，如果运用得当，习语可增强语言的表达能力。
英语是世界上词汇最丰富的语言之一，英语习语更显得纷繁浩瀚，渗透着浓郁的西方文化气息。
如何准确传达习语所包含的独特文化内涵，并再现原作的表现力，往往是翻译的难点。
一、英语习语的内涵及其作用英语习语是英语民族在长期的社会实践中积累下来的一种约定俗成的特殊语言形式。
它包括比喻性词组、俚语、俗语、谚语等，是语言词汇的重要组成部分，是语言的民族形式和各种修辞手段的集中表现，是语言中的某一些部分经过长期反复使用后自然沉积形成的形式固定、简洁明快、喻意深刻的短语或短句。
其源流涉及物质生活和精神生活的各个方面：从日常的衣食住行、地理环境到风俗习惯、社会制度、文学艺术以及宗教信仰、人生哲学、价值观念和思维模式等。
如何才能做好英汉习语翻译（论文）
青年文学家·语言研究摘要：习语是语言中非常重要的一部分,习语是由含有特殊意义的词组成的，负载特有的文化特点和信息。
本文将分析影响习语翻译的文化因素，探求习语翻译的基本方法。
关键词：习语；翻译；文化差异[中图分类号]：H059 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2013)-10-164-02习语是某一语言经过长时间的使用而提炼出来的独特的固定的词组、短语和短句。
它是语言的重要组成部分之一，更是语言的核心和精华。
习语以其多姿多彩的形式汇聚着一个民族的历史和文化，承载着鲜明的民族文化特色和丰富的民族文化信息，因此，习语中的文化因素往往是翻译中的难点，只有文化因素处理得当，才能准确地翻译习语。
1. 英汉习语的文化差异汉英语言分属两个不同的语言体系，中英两国历史文化背景更是迥然不同，千差万别，因此英汉习语之间更多呈现出的是巨大的文化差异。
1.1 自然环境的差异文化的形成脱离不了自然地理环境的影响。
特定的地理环境造就了特定的文化，特定的文化又产生了特定的语言表达方式。
中国地处东半球，东临太平洋，每当东风吹来时，中华大地便是草长莺飞、万物复苏，所以在中国人的心目中，“东风”即是“春天的风”，象征着“春天、温暖、蓬勃向上”，故有“东风报春”之说。
李白有诗云：“东风扇淑气，水木荣春晖。
”而“西风”即指“秋风”，含有“萧瑟、悲凉”之意，如晏殊在《蝶恋花》中叹道“昨夜西风凋碧树”。
在中国现代革命史上，人们常以“东风”比喻革命力量，将“西风”比作反动势力，用“东风压倒西风”来表示革命力量对反动势力占压倒的优势。
英国地处西半球北温带，属海洋季风气候，报告春天消息的是从大西洋吹来的温暖湿润的“西风”，而英国的“东风”是从欧洲大陆北部吹来的寒冷的风。
英国著名的浪漫主义诗人雪莱的诗作《西风颂》(Ode to the West Wind)中的最后一句已成为脍炙人口的佳句：O, Wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?（啊, 西风, 假如冬天已经来临, 春天还会远吗？）还有些谚语如：When the wind is in the east, it’s neither good for man nor beast.（风起东方，人畜不安）; When the wind is in the west, the weather’s at the best.（风起西方，气候最佳）等也显示了英国文化中“东风”和“西风”的不同内涵。
英语论文-英汉习语的文化差别及翻译
英汉习语的文化差别及翻译中文摘要习语通常包括成语(idioms)、谚语(proverbs)、俗语(colloquialisms)、俚语(slang)以及典故(allusions)等。
英汉习语源于生活，纷繁浩瀚，源远流长，文化信息异常丰富。
习语常用形象生动、浅显易懂的语言，准确地描述社会现象、自然法则，高度地阐述人文习俗、思想感情。
由于受历史背景、地理环境、宗教信仰和生活习俗等方面文化差异的影响，英汉习语中有些文化信息完全对应，有些部分对应，还有一些无任何对应的关系。
为了形神兼备地传递其中的文化信息，在翻译习语时，应当充分了解英汉习语中所含的文化内涵，视具体情况，或英汉对译，或文外加注，或另添字词。
本文从多方面比较英汉习语中所体现的文化差异，列举出在英汉习语翻译中常见的方法，如直译、意译等。
直译多适用于文化信息完全或部分对应的英汉习语翻译，而意译多用于无对应关系的习语。
关键词：习语、文化差异、翻译AbstractIdioms usually include idioms, proverbs, mottoes, colloquialisms, slang and allusions. Large in quantity, long in history and rich in cultural information, both English and Chinese Idioms are deeply rooted in life. Idioms represent the social phenomenon and natural rules accurately with lively and plain words. As far as their underlying cultural information is concerned, some idioms are completely or partial equivalent both in Chinese and in English while some others have nothing in common at all. In order to convey their cultural information fully, faithfully and effectively, we can translate these idioms word for word, give notes or add extra words. This paper explores the cultural differences between Chinese and English Idioms, discusses the influences of cultural differences on the idioms and gives some specific approaches in translation of Chinese and English idioms.Key Words: Idioms, cultural difference, translation.在汉语和英文悠久灿烂的文化宝库中，都有习语这一语言表达形式。
谈中英文互译中习语的翻译论文
谈中英文互译中习语的翻译论文谈中英文互译中习语的翻译论文一、东西方文化差异造成的习语表达差异1、宗教方面的差异我们知道,宗教是一个民族信仰的体现,信仰与人们的日常、交流又密切相关,多以东西方宗教信仰方面的差异就造成了习语表达方式上的差异:在中国传统的宗教信仰中,有玉皇大帝、有如来佛祖,下有龙王、打雷闪电有雷公和电母、人死后要到阎王殿报到,这些事物在西方是不存在的,所以就有“平时不烧香,临时抱佛脚”、“我佛慈悲”、“借花献佛”等习语;而在西方,人们信仰基督教,他们认为世界上的一切都是上帝创造的,同时世间万物的变换、运行也是在上帝的主宰下进行的,所以他们的习语往往与上帝有关,比如“God be with you”、“God helps those who help themselves”。
2、历史传承方面的差异我们知道:东西方的历史是有着很明显的差异的,这也是造成文化差异的.一个重要因素,而这些习语、谚语都是在历史文化的沉淀下积累出来的文化精髓,所以历史传承的差异也是导致东西方习语表达方式不同的原因。
比如汉语中的“叶公好龙”,其实讲的就是一个故事,而将其翻译为英文的时候,不可能再将这个故事复述出来,所以就要用一种简单、明了的方法将其翻译出来,那就是首先理解其意图,再用英文表达,professed love of what one really fears是现在比较认可的一种翻译,“声称喜欢而其实是恐惧”,这也符合典故中的含义。
同样的道理,“司马昭之心路人皆知”的翻译则为The trick is all too evident to the man in the street。
3、风俗习惯方面的差异由于宗教信仰的差异以及历史传承的差异,势必会导致风俗习惯方面的差异,比如对待“龙”这一事物的差异,在东方,龙是神圣、高贵、美好、皇家的代表,例如“卧虎藏龙”、“龙飞凤舞”、“龙凤呈祥”、“生龙活虎”等等,而在西方,龙则是一种恶魔,是邪恶、凶残的象征,所以比如“望子成龙”就不能翻译为to hope that one’s son willbecome dragon,那样就是咒人家的儿子成为像恶魔一样的人,而是应该根据原有的意思进行翻译:to ho pe that one’s son will become somebody,希望某人的儿子成为重要人物或有名气的人物。
论习语的英译汉方法
论习语的英译汉方法习语是文化的载体之一.。
由于地理、历史、文化背景的复杂性，决定了中西方的文化内涵存在着差异，从而造成了中西方习语的差异.。
人类习语中有很大一部分是与食物相关的.。
作为中西方世界最常见的食物之一，鸡蛋在中西方习语中当然占有不容忽视的一席之地.。
所以对鸡蛋习语的研究比较有代表性.。
本文仅以英语中有关鸡蛋的习语为例，讨论了按字面意义译、按比喻意义译、找出对等汉语习语等这几种习语英译汉的方法，并强调翻译习语时应重视文化差异，努力在翻译准确的同时兼顾表达得体，以促使跨文化交际的沟通顺畅.。
1 . 引言我国著名学者许建平认为翻译时应遵循忠实、通顺的原则：忠实是对原文而言，通顺是对读者而言——即译文应符合不同文化要求，做到可接受性或译为所用.。
而国外学者奈达功能对等理论强调首先在意义上，其次在风格上用目的语再现源语信息最接近的自然对应信息或相当信息.。
英汉习语都蕴含着丰富的文化信息，具有鲜明的民族特色和地域特色.。
任何一种民族语言包括习语都是该民族的重要组成部分和载体，如果不了解文化，就难以理解这些习语了.。
翻译中如果能兼顾英语中的文化信息和汉语的表达习惯，重视习语中的文化意象，同时兼顾汉语表达方式，这样才能更好地促进跨文化交际.。
2 . 习语汉译的几种方法中国从古至今就流传着鸡生蛋蛋生鸡的故事，西方达·芬奇画鸡蛋的故事也家喻户晓.。
鸡蛋对人来说，虽然不像水和空气不可缺少，却又是和人类联系最紧密的食物之一.。
中西方都离不开它.。
所以中西方日常生活中常常会用到有关鸡蛋的习语.。
下面以英语中有关鸡蛋的习语为例来探讨一下英语习语汉译的几种情况.。
1 . 1 按字面意义译英语习语可分两类.。
一类是平铺直叙的，既无很深的含义，也无难解的典故，只是用词与搭配相对地固定.。
如：（1）Fat hens lay few eggs. 肥鸡下蛋稀.。
（2）a bad egg 坏蛋，坏人（3）got a goose egg/duck egg 得鸭蛋（考试中一分未得）对这类习语，我们只需从字面上去理解，翻译起来不会给我们带来什么问题，直接照字面译就是了.。
论习语及习语的汉英翻译
毕业论文题目：小论习语及习语的汉英翻译Title: On Idioms and Their Translationfrom Chinese into English2008年 05月20 日AcknowledgementsFirstly, I will pay my appreciation to my family. It is who have given me so many supports and suggestions I could finally finish this paper. Their love always gives me enough confidence in myself and in my writing course.I also want to thank my dear teachers who taught me lots of things throughout all fields so that I can finish my thesis. These teachers are really the most important part in my thesis writing. Thanks to my grammar teacher, she taught me a lot during the courses so that I can have enough knowledge to finish my paper. Thanks to our writing course teacher Mr. Cai.Finally, I will give my deepest appreciation to my supervisor, Mrs. Liu. She always helps me to revise my thesis and gives me valuable suggestions, she plays a very important part in my thesis writing. Thanks all of them so much!AbstractIdioms are just like incomparably resplendent bight pearls emitting dazzling rays in the palace of literature. Throughout the ages, they animate the works of countless men of literature and writing. Idioms have fixed patterns and abundant connotations. Their vivid images explicitly convey incisive meanings. Chinese idioms are part of the essence of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. In this thesis, the English translation of Chinese idioms will be discussed on the foundation of simply introducing the definitions, origins, features, and classifications of idioms, and a series of principles and methods of idiom translation will be put forward, mainly involving the translation of the Chinese idioms which have similar and dissimilar implications in English.the dissertation attempts a probe and thesis discussed on 9 aspects, which include the overall features of English idioms and Pragmatic Context, speech acts, conversational implicative, the role of discourse and pragmatic features, the negative significance of rhetoric and the actual use of language with the use with nine variations, such as aspects of the brief and arguments. It is hoped that, by studying the idiom, this thesis will provide some help to idiom learners and those who are working in this field.Key words: Chinese idioms；similarity；Dissimilarity习语犹如文学殿堂里一颗璀璨无比的明珠放射着历久不衰的光芒，古往今来，无数文人墨客的笔下都闪耀着它的异彩。
英语习语的汉译范文
英语习语的汉译范文On the Chinese Translation of English Idioms Thesis statement: The methods of Chinese translation of English idioms are discussed from two perspectives. First, it is discussed aording to the relationship between English idioms and Chinese idioms. Second, seven practical translating ways and skills are elaborated from the pointof view of keeping the flavor of the English idioms as well as catering for Chinese readers. 1. Introduction 1.1 The understanding of English idioms 1.2 The sources of English idioms 1.3 The main content of the thesis 2. The categories if Chinese translation of English idioms 2.1 Thetranslation of corresponding idioms 2.1.1 Word-equivalence 2.1.2 Word-amplification 2.2 The translation of partial corresponding idioms 3. Seven practical translating ways of English idioms 3.1 3.2 4. Conclusion 4.1 Restatement of the main idea 4.2 Limitations of the thesis 4.3 Suggestions for teaching of E-C translation 5. Bibliography [1] Fu Shaohua付少华 .xx.习语的文化特征[J].福州大学学报(哲社版),3:25-30.[2] He Huigang何慧刚.xx.英汉习语翻译与文化交流[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社. ………..宋体 ,三号,加粗,居中宋体,四号, 居中,四号,宋体,加粗居中,四号,Times New Roman, 加粗小四,Times New Roman 四号,加粗,Times New Roman,以下同此要求空两格,小四,Times New Roman,以下同此要求按论文模板要求排列,宋体,小四. 参考文献至少列出5个.。
英汉习语翻译中文化差异论文
浅析英汉习语翻译中的文化差异摘要：语言是文化的载体，也是文化交际的最主要工具。
习语作为语言的精华，是一种语言在使用过程中形成的独特的固定的表达方式,英汉习语承载着不同的民族文化特色和文化信息。
因此，在习语翻译过程中要注意其文化差异，理解习语所包含的文化内涵，从而达到准确运用习语的目的。
关键词：英汉习语；翻译；文化差异language is the carrier of culture, and also is an instrument for communication. each language is linked with its culture. english and chinese are two completely different languages. the coverage of culture is extremely widespread, and language, as a part of culture, reflects the nation’s colorful cultural phenomena. idioms form an essential part of the vocabulary of a language, which carry a large number of cultural information and reflect the cultural differences between english and chinese. in order to understand the others and express ourselves rightly in real language communication, we should not only have bilingual ability, but also must havea double cultural knowledge.1 definitionan idiom is an expression whose meaning dose not seem to follow logically from the combination of its parts and the“rules of language”. the word idiom comes from greek and means own or peculiar. (王颖,2007:15) so an idiom is a mode of expression peculiar to a language which cannot be explained grammatically.2.the main manifestations of cultural differences“culture is a complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, moral, customs and the ability and habit from which a social member would acquire.”--the classical definition of culture, is difinited in 1817 by edward tylor,a british anthropologist in his book primitive culture.2.1 differences in living environments and geographical differencesbritain lays on an island. navigation is the top in the long history, so a large number of english idioms are originated from navigation industry.2.2differences in customs and habitsmany idioms comes from our daily life. food is the first necessity of the people. different nations have different foods in their daily life. english people plant wheat in england and feed on bread, milk, butter and cheese. in england, bread and butter means livelihood. bread and circuses means food and entertainments. when someone says he want to breakbread with you, it means that he want to have dinner with you.2.3 differences in religious beliefsreligious belief is a very important cultural component，and a large number of idioms about religion also appeared. religion reflects different attitudes towards admiration and taboo of each nation. religious belief create a lot of idioms. buddhism has been transmitted to china for more than one thousand years, which occupies the leading position in chinese traditional religions.3 translation of english and chinese idioms“why translation is difficult? the main cause is that two cultures is different. there are something in a culture, while do not exist in the other kind of cultural.3.1 literal translationthere are some similar or same idioms in chinese and english. the cultural information which carried by these idioms are same. when translating these idioms, we can choose literal translation method. for example, the idiom of easy come, easy go we can find the idiom in chinese which have the same meaning.3.2 literal translation plus explanationin order to keep the image and ethnic characteristics of idioms, some chinese idioms which include allusion often translate into english directly, but we often add some explanation behind it.3.3 free translationsome images of english idioms cannot find the same words in chinese because of different culture. according to the semantic equivalent principles, the effect of translation of the target language for readers should be equivalent to the effect of original language.4.conclusionin a word, we should not only study language but also the culture. as the most important component of language, idioms, the essence of a language, are not a separate part of the language and have strong national colors and distinctive cultural connotations. english and chinese belong to different language systems, and they are affected by deferent culture. translation is not merely from one language to another, but also to introduce the cultural backgrounds. idioms are rich in strong national and local colors. therefore, it is not easy to translate chinese and english idioms. by studying the differences of idioms between english andchinese, you can understand the culture better. we should try our best to do the translation more vividly and more expressively.参考文献：[1]simpson, r. & mendis, d.2003. a corpus-based study of idioms in academic speech.tesol quarterly,37, 419-441.[2]陈守珍. 英汉习语文化差异分析[j]. 西南农业大学学报(社会科学版)，2004（2）[3]王颖. 英语习语整合处理法[m].上海：复旦大学出版社，2007[4]赵雅君,侯鹏. 英汉习语的文化差异及翻译[j]. 忻州师范学院学报,2005(3)[5]朱秀莲. 浅谈英汉习语的文化语境与翻译[j]. 陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2003（s2）[6]朱永涛，王立礼主编.英语国家社会与文化入门[m].北京：高等教育出版社，2005。
从英汉文化的差异简析英语习语翻译英语毕业论文(1)
从英汉文化的差异简析英语习语翻译英语毕业论文(1)随着全球化的进程，英语已成为世界上最为广泛使用的语言之一，这意味着英语翻译的重要性也越来越受到重视。
在英语翻译中，习语的翻译是一个极具挑战性的任务。
因为不同国家和地区文化的差异，经常会导致英汉习语之间的巨大差异。
因此，在英语毕业论文中通过简析英汉文化的差异来探讨英语习语翻译的方法是一种非常有意义的研究。
一、英汉语言文化差异英汉语言文化差异是导致英语习语翻译中困难的主要原因之一。
英语是西方的语言，有着严密的语法结构，在表述时讲究简洁、明确，而汉语则是东方的语言，更注重意境、寓意，常常运用比喻和象征来表达思想。
二、英语习语翻译难点英语习语是英语中的一个重要部分，也是翻译工作中比较难翻译的内容。
根据含义和表达方式的差异，英汉习语的翻译难点主要体现在以下几个方面：1. 文化差异英汉习语的本质差异，在于它们来源于不同的文化背景，文化取向和民族思维方式。
因此，在翻译时，必须对两种文化背景下的习惯表达进行充分理解和分析，才能准确地诠释它们所蕴含的意义。
2. 语法差异英汉语言在语法结构上有很大区别，英语主谓宾定序，而汉语则是主谓宾序列。
这种语法上的区别会导致英语习语在构成上和表现方式上有不同，这对翻译工作者的语法功底和语感都提出了更高的要求。
3. 疑惑口误习语在英汉语言中都非常常见，但它们含义和表达方式的疑惑与口误也难以避免。
在英语习语中可能会存在口误或错误的理解，这就要求翻译人员具有较高的语言和文化敏感度，并且要熟悉一些相关的礼仪语言和表达法。
三、克服方法1. 调整表达方式在翻译过程中，由于语言和文化的差异，中英文习语的表达方式往往存在很大区别，因此需要根据中英文间表达内容的差异与语气上的不同，适当调整表达方式。
具体的方法是，要将英汉习语进行功能、时态、语气等几个方面的对比，然后通过对照各自的语言风格和文化传统，进行充分的思考和揣摩。
2. 实现中立翻译要实现中立翻译，需要翻译人员熟悉两种语言和文化的特色和表达方式，充分理解其差异和相似之处，可以采用逐字翻译、词组翻译和分步分解翻译等方法，以保证即使在意识差异处也可以实现准确的翻译。
英汉习语文化翻译论文
英汉习语文化翻译论文一、背景介绍随着全球化的深入发展，跨文化交流的需求日益增长，文化翻译已成为一种不可或缺的翻译形式。
其中，英汉习语的文化翻译更是具有重要意义。
英汉两种语言各自拥有丰富多彩的习语，这些习语涉及到很多文化符号、历史典故和地域特色，因此其翻译常常需要特殊的技巧和思维方式。
本文将从英汉两种语言的习语特点、文化差异以及翻译方法等方面探讨英汉习语的文化翻译问题。
二、英汉习语特点1. 英语习语特点•凝练性：英语习语通常由几个单词组成，语言形式简洁，但往往包含着丰富的含义。
•生动性：英语习语具有形象、生动的特点，通常采用比喻或象征的方式。
•情感性：英语习语常常通过情感表达来传递信息，包括喜怒哀乐、悲欢离合等多种情感。
2. 汉语习语特点•厚重性：汉语习语通常由多个汉字组成，语言形式相对复杂，但信息量较大。
•富于哲理：汉语习语往往寓意深远，经常包含着诸如哲学思想、人生道理等方面的含义。
•体现文化传统：汉语习语通常带有浓厚的历史文化气息，体现出中国悠久的文化传统和价值观念。
三、英汉习语文化差异英汉两种语言的习语差异主要来源于其不同的历史、文化和社会背景。
由于篇幅原因，本文只选取了部分习语进行比较。
英语习语汉语习语差异原因kill two birds withone stone一箭双雕形象化不同the straw that breaks the camel’s back 坚持不懈，久久为功喻意不同，英文习语比喻突出，中文习语则反映出中国文化中价值观的延续。
bite the bullet 吞声忍这两个习语表达体验感的重点略有不同。
英文习气，咬牙坚持语更偏向于自我反省和思考，中文习语则更强调外界经验和历练。
四、英汉习语文化翻译方法英汉习语文化翻译需要综合考虑习语的特点、文化差异和语境等因素。
以下是一些常用的英汉习语文化翻译方法：1. 相似情境转化法这种方法的核心是在不同的语言环境下寻找相似的表达法。
例如英语“打两个鸟用一颗石头”，翻译成中文时可以变成“一石双鸟”，这样可以保持习语的简练性和形象性。
论文
从文化差异的角度看英汉习语的翻译朱成亮张家口市第六中学摘要:习语是某一语言在使用过程中形成的独特的固定的表达方式, 最能体现一个民族的文化。
翻译与文化密切相关。
从英汉习语的文化的表现, 提出了英汉习语文化意义的翻译原则和方法。
关键词: 文化差异; 习语; 翻译习语是某种语言在使用过程中形成的独特的固定的表达方式。
英汉两种语言历史悠久, 包含着大量的习语, 它们或含蓄、幽默,或严肃、典雅, 不仅言简意赅, 而且形象生动, 妙趣横生,给人一种美的享受。
由于民族历史、宗教信仰、生活习惯以及地理环境的差别, 英汉习语承载着不同的民族文化特色和文化信息, 它们与文化传统紧密相连, 不可分割。
习语中的文化因素往往是翻译中的难点。
本文就英汉习语方面的文化差异及其翻译谈谈自己的看法。
一、英汉习语中所反映的文化差异文化差异存在于人类文明的任何阶段。
每个民族、国家的文化都不同于另一个民族、国家的文化。
中西文化的差别是显而易见的。
英汉习语所反映的文化差异主要表现在以下几个方面。
1. 历史典故历史典故是民族历史文化中的瑰宝, 它具有浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化个性及丰富的历史文化信息, 最能体现不同历史文化的特点。
英汉两种语言中有大量历史典故形成的习语, 这些习语结构简单、意义深远, 往往不能单从字面意义去理解和翻译。
例如“三个臭皮匠, 合成一个诸葛亮”。
诸葛亮是中国历史上的著名人物, 在中国可谓家喻户晓, 他在中国读者的心目中当然是智慧的象征。
但英美读者未必知道他是何许人也,与“臭皮匠”又有什么关系, 若采用直译的方法, 很难传递它所蕴涵的历史文化信息。
因此, 只有采取直译和增译相结合的方法, 才能使原语的文化信息得以充分再现, 故该句可译为: Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhu Geliang , the mastermind. 还有大量的习语如: “东施效颦”、“叶公好龙”、“项庄舞剑, 意在沛公”、“司马昭之心, 路人皆知”、“狗咬吕洞宾, 不识好人心”等等。
英汉习语翻译论文
英汉习语翻译论文英汉翻译主要包括理解与表达两个阶段,其本质上是将英文或中文表达的意义用另一语言表达出来。
在英汉翻译中,只有在具体语境中才可对原文进行行之有效的理解与表达。
下面是店铺为大家整理的英汉习语翻译论文，供大家参考。
英汉习语翻译论文范文一：运用创新理念深化英汉翻译教学改革_趋势论文导读:：翻译教学从20世纪70年代以前至今,经历了几个阶段的改革,由最初的词句翻译技巧到篇章翻译教学,再由交际教学法到过程教学法等。
随着时代的发展，翻译教学方法也在不断改进，翻译课程教学面临改革的新趋势，即在翻译教学中引入创新理念，注重文化元素，特别是中外文化的差异。
总之，在当今这个多元化的社会，翻译教学也应进行多方面的改进。
论文关键词：翻译教学，趋势，创新，文化差异随着学界对翻译研究的不断深入，翻译理论层出不穷，先后出现了交际理论、多元体学、解构主义、功能翻译、语篇翻译和文化转向等等。
这些理论的发展和翻译观念的改变，要求翻译教学上个新的台阶。
本文就翻译教学的今昔以及发展趋势作一论述。
一、从20世纪70年代以前到90年代的翻译课程教学模式和方法传统的翻译教学可以追溯到20世纪70年代之前，当时翻译课的教材一般选用我国原教育部所推荐的《英汉翻译教程》与《汉英翻译教程》。
该教材的特点是词和句为翻译单位，重点训练词句两个层面的一些翻译技巧，如：转译法、增词法、重复法、省略法等。
对学生的训练没有超出句子的范围，属于翻译的基础训练。
在课堂教学方面，传统的教学方法，一般是教师根据本课内容，通过译例介绍某一翻译技巧，译例可能是教材上的，也可能是教师自己收集的，多半为浅显易懂的句子。
教学过程中教师以讲解为主，偶尔会提问学生和让学生讨论，课后会发给学生一些讲义，让其练习。
这种没有上下文的单句练习有着一定的局限性，因为词与句的意义更多取决于上下文的篇章，而不能孤立地看待。
但当时的翻译课只局限于教授词句层次的技巧，没有上升到篇章的翻译。
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习语论文英汉习语翻译方论文：英汉习语翻译方法探讨摘要：在习语翻译实践过程中，存在着大量文化矛盾现象，能否正确处理这些矛盾，不仅会影响到对原语的理解，而且会影响原语所载文化信息的传递。
本文从英汉习语的差异为切入点，运用实例对英汉习语翻译应遵循的几种常用方法进行了探讨。
关键词：习语；喻义；喻体；直译；意译文化是语言赖以生存的土壤，语言的产生、变异和发展都包含着丰富、复杂的文化信息，每个民族的语言（尤其是习语）均体现了该民族浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化个性。
不同的文化之间需要沟通，这种沟通自然离不开翻译。
从这个角度来讲，翻译，与其说它涉及两种语言，不如说它涉及的是两种文化。
在习语翻译实践过程中，存在着大量文化矛盾现象，能否正确处理这些矛盾，不仅会影响到对原语的理解，而且会影响原语所载文化信息的传递。
本文将探讨英汉习语差异对英汉互译的影响以及相应的处理对策。
这里所说的习语（idiom）是广义的，包括成语、谚语、歇后语、典故等。
英国翻译理论家peter newmark说：“an idiom is a current and frequently used group of words whose meaning is not clear from the common meanings of its constituent words.”（习语的翻译，不仅要忠实地传达原文的意义，还要传达出原文的文化内涵、民族特色、修辞手法等。
）但由于英汉两种语言和文化的不同，翻译有时很难做到完全对等。
所以，习语的翻译是译者的难题，也是翻译理论者关注的话题。
笔者经总结，认为习语的翻译一般可以遵循以下方法：一、英汉习语喻体相同、喻义相似时可采用直译法由于人类生活的世界、人类的思维和情感有共通之处，因此，各种文化和语言也表现出一定的相融性和共同点。
英语和汉语中的成语有些在语言形式和比喻形象方面十分相似，按其字面翻译就能表达出原文的喻义，且喻体新颖、喻义明确，同时也无碍于目的语读者的理解，那么就可直译。
按照鲁迅先生的说法，这样做既能较完整地保存原文的表达方式，又可丰富我们自己的语言文化，一举两得。
二、英汉习语喻体不同、喻义相似时可采用替代法 (或称套用法)有些英汉习语虽然意思相近，有着异曲同工之妙，但是使用的比喻形象却有差别，在翻译时，可以互相套用同义或近义习语，将原语中带有文化色彩的喻体转换成译语中带有同等文化色彩的喻体。
这种译法不但可以保留原语的语言风格和文化色彩，又符合目标语的语言结构、习惯，体现目标语的文化特色。
例如： rob peter to pay paul （拆东墙补西墙）；better be the head of a dog than the tail ofa lion （宁为鸡头，勿做凤尾）； many hands make light work (众人拾柴火焰高)；many families have skeletons in the closet.或every family has its own source of shame. (家家有本难念的经)；all good things come to an end.(天下没有不散的宴席)；careless talk leads to trouble.或the less said the better. (祸从口出，言多必失 )等。
这些习语虽然在语言习惯和文化背景方面和目的语的谚语之间存在着某些差异，而且所比喻的事物并不一样，但它们的喻义却相互吻合，而且表达方式也很相似，翻译时可“易其形式，存其精神”，即译为形象近似的目的语习语，转换表达方法以符合译文表达习惯。
这样可以再现原文所具有的语言效果，容易表达出所要强调的意思。
三、英汉动物词与颜色词的不同内涵英汉习语中都有很多动物词和颜色词，由于中华民族与西方民族有着不同的民族心理和价值观，在两种不同的文化中，相同的动物词汇和颜色词汇往往有着不同的内涵。
如中国人认为“猪”既丑又笨又懒，可是英语中认为pig脏而贪但不笨，甚至有as clever as a pig 的说法；红色在中国象征“吉祥、顺利、美丽、甚至革命”，相比之下，白色是西方文化的崇尚色，英语中“white” 往往具有“吉利、纯真、公平”以及“无恶意”的内涵，而汉语中“白”往往有“哀悼、错误、徒劳、可恶、甚至反动”的文化内涵，如“红白喜事”“白手起家”“白军”或“白匪”“白色恐怖”等。
翻译此类习语一定要考虑译入语读者的接受心理。
例如：在中国文化中蝴蝶是美丽爱情的象征，可是英美人眼中的butterfly却是“轻浮”“不安分于工作”的典型；“cock”一词在英美国家经常喻指男人性器官，如将中国的“金鸡”“雄鸡”直接译成“cock”，一定会让英美大跌眼镜的。
在翻译此类习语时，仅仅以语言之间词汇的同义性或等价性为前提，寻求对等的表达是不够的，译者须多注意习语字面以外的语言内涵色彩及褒贬色彩，运用各种表现手段，力求能再现原语的语言风格和丰富内涵。
四、无对等喻体——意译法在翻译实践中，译者经常会发现各种语言都有约定俗成的表达方法，有时原语中的文化概念在目的语中根本找不到对应的表达方式。
英语和汉语中都有一部分成语源于各自的寓言或历史典故，包含特定的人名和地名。
这类成语如果按照字面直译，译语读者通常无法理解。
如将“he was now as happy as a cow.”直译为“他现在像母牛一样快乐。
”的确很“忠实”于原文，但中国人看不懂。
意译为“这时候他快活极了/甭提他有多高兴。
”能让中国人理解，但又丧失了原语的比喻的文化色彩；再如，“achilles heel”译作“阿基里斯的脚后跟”中国人自然不懂，译作“致命的弱点”又不能使中国读者体味到原语的文化内涵，但如果加上解释“传说荷马史诗伊利亚特中的英雄阿基里斯除脚踵外全身刀枪不入”，则又失去了成语的精练特色；因此，在中国文化中，此类情况已成为翻译中的瓶颈。
笔者认为，当原语中带有文化色彩的词语在译语中没有完全相对应的词语时，译者可不拘泥于原语的语言形式和字面意义，根据译语的表达习惯，用跨文化的“对等”词尽量表达出原语的修辞色彩和文化信息。
当由于文化和民族差异直译会导致读者不理解甚至误解时，或当原文的思想内容与译文的表达形式相矛盾时，可采用以下方法：1. 割舍喻体，只译喻义此法适用于以传达主题思想为主的翻译中，如将“people who live in glass houses should not throw stones.”译成“己有过，勿正人”或“责人必先责己”；“纸包不住火” 译为“truth will come to light sooner or later”；“塞翁失马，焉知非福”译为“misfortune may be an actual blessing.”“红得发紫”译为“ at the height of popularity”；“思想激进”译为“one’s ideas are very red”；“毛遂自荐”译为“to volunteer one’s service” ；“初出茅庐”译为“at the beginning of one’s career” ；“东施效颦”译为“crude imitation with ludicrous effect”；将“his r eputation stands onslippery grounds.” 译为“他的声誉一落千丈。
”；将“she was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.”译为“她出生在富贵之家。
”；将“you’re talking through your head agains.” 译为“你又在胡说八道了。
”等。
2. 保留原语修辞色彩及语言风格此法适用于以传达写作风格为主的翻译中，如“ you may take a horse to the water, but you can’t make it drink．” 按字面可译成“你可以把马牵到河边去，但不能叫它饮水。
”就没有充分体现原句的对比的修辞色彩，如译作“老牛不饮水，不能强按头”就很好地体现了原文的文采；再如，“air to us is like water to fish”，照字面直译成“空气对于我们就像水对于鱼”，就不如意译为“（正像）鱼儿离不开水（一样），我们离不开空气”；同样，将“a woman without a man is li ke a fish without a bicycle” 译作“没有男人的女人就像没有自行车的鱼”虽然完全忠实于原文，却无法让人理解，不如译为：“（就像）鱼儿不需要/用不着自行车，女人也不（见得）需要/用得着男人。
”；将“god helps those who helps themselves” 译为“上帝只帮助那些自己能帮助自己的人”不如译为“天佑自救者”或“自助者天助之”。
3. 完全转译此法适用于习俗差异极大的情况。
有时，译语同原语从字面上看甚至可以“风马牛不相及”，例如，英国人喜欢谈论天气，见面语常说“lovely weather, isn’t it?” 汉译成“你好啊”也未尝不可，甚至可以译为中国人常用的招呼语“吃过了吗? ”中国人分别时的常用语“请慢走”绝不可以译作“go slowly.”。
转译为“good bye！” 或“see you！” 才能让英语读者接受。
五、音译加注法和直译加注法汉语中的某些概念化的人名、地名等名称在英语中没有相对应的译法，可以直接音译过来再添加解释性文字，也可以通过恰当文字说明译文，帮助读者理解作者的意图。
对于读者比较熟悉的译语典故，可以直译，但如果多数人不知道，最好是意译或音译，然后加注释。
如“it was friday and soon they’d go out and get drunk”。
若译成“星期五到了，他们很快出去喝酒”，会让中国读者误解为“星期五是周末了，所以有空出去喝酒”。
其实星期五是英国的发薪日。
此句可译为“星期五发薪日到了，他们马上会出去喝得大醉”，“发薪日”即是加注。
有些习语的起源非常复杂，不宜用太长的译文对其详加解释，在这种情况下，译者可借助脚注或文后总注释说明其历史、文化和社会背景。
如“he met his waterloo”。
句中“meet one’swaterloo” 是成语典故,由拿破仑在waterloo遇到惨败而来，可以先意译为“他遭遇了生命中的滑铁卢，吃了个大败仗”，然后再通过加注解释该典故。
有的句子除了直译加注外，还要再加文后注释，如“...words that make the world blossom for me, ‘like aaron’s rod, with flowers’”可先译为“……就像《圣经》中所说的‘亚伦的手杖开了花’一样”，“像《圣经》中所说的”是加注的文字，在脚注或文后总注释中还要说明“亚伦的手杖开了花”这一典故的来龙去脉。