珊瑚礁阅读理解答案
2023届新高考语文二轮复习语言文字运用专项练(11)
2023届新高考语文二轮复习语言文字运用专项练（11）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
不管在自然界中，①____________，真简无处不在，功能多样，对人类有极其重要的作用。
②___________。
在自然界中,真菌对于降解动植物残体发挥着重要作用:在生活中，某种真菌能在数周内分解塑料，为解决塑料污染问题提供了思路。
作为生态系统的“清洁工”,真茵的清洁工具是其丰富的降解酶类。
真菌还是童叟无欺的“买卖人”。
真茵和植物的根系形成了菌根共生体系，植物能将自身光合产物的 20%提供给菌根真茵,而菌根真菌能介导 80%的植物磷及20%的植物氮供植物吸收。
真菌也是作威作福的“小霸王”。
理论上，( )但真茵中也有大量动物病原菌和植物病原菌，人如果误食毒蘑菇会产生恶心、呕吐等症状，甚至出现各种各样的幻觉。
总之，真菌具有多种多样的作用，我们应加强对真菌的了解，③___________，避离有害真菌，为大自然可持续发展贡献力量。
1.下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是( )A.因为人类体温维持在36℃左右，大多数真菌在这个温度下无法生长，真菌对普通人的影响有限。
B.真菌对普通人的影响有限，因为人类体温维持在36℃左右，大多数真菌在这个温度下无法生长。
C.真菌对普通人的影响有限，大多数真菌在这个温度下无法生长，因为人类体温维持在36℃左右。
D.人类体湿维持在36℃左右，大多数真菌在这个温度下无法生长，因此真菌对普通人的影响有限。
2.在上文横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。
每处不超过15个字。
阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
却具有“顶天立地"的特性；植物的幼芽总是。
①__________,向上追寻阳光和空气；植物的根总是向地而生，向下扎入土壤中吸收水分和养料。
而在微重力环境下的空间站，没有了上下之分，植物的根和茎也就失去了方向感，不知道朝哪个方向生长。
这时，②__________，植物的根和茎就会呈随机自由生长状态,变成一团乱麻。
阅读说明文《珊瑚岛》附答案
阅读说明文《珊瑚岛》附答案①在波涛汹涌、无边无际的大海中，有着五色缤纷、绚烂多彩的岛屿珊瑚岛。
②我国南海中的岛屿大多是珊瑚岛，西沙群岛就是其中最著名的。
当你知道这些岛屿竟是一种微小的珊瑚虫在风浪袭击下造成的，不能不感到惊奇。
③在北京故宫中可以看到一些作为珍品陈列的珊瑚树，这是珊瑚虫用自己分泌出来的石灰质建造的公寓。
珊瑚树上有许多小孔，每个小孔都曾经住过一只珊瑚虫，它们总是群居在一起，造成的公寓多为灌木状，但是也有其他形状的。
每当生出一只新的珊瑚虫，它们就会造出一个新的房间，于是随着珊瑚虫的繁衍，珊瑚树也就像树木一样长高、分枝。
不过高度不会超出水面，因为珊瑚虫只能在水中生存，到接近水面时树枝就不再向上长而是像蘑菇一样四面铺开。
万丈高楼平地起，珊瑚虫的公寓是固定在海底上的，因而珊瑚虫也不能自己移动，只能住在小房间里，伸出几根触须来等待自投罗网的食物。
这种守株待兔的猎食方法，你也许觉得太笨，担忧它会挨饿吧！但是不必过虑，因为它们是有饭大家吃。
在一个公寓中，所有的珊瑚虫都被一根管子连接起来，任何一只珊瑚虫捕获了食物消化后，马上通过这根管子与大家共享食物的养料。
一只珊瑚虫捕获食物的时机少，成千上万只珊瑚虫的合作保证了大家都有足够的食物，得以生存繁殖下去。
④珊瑚虫虽然是定居的，但是在发育到一定程度后，便停顿生殖新的珊瑚虫，而变为产卵。
卵被海水带到别的地方发育生长，建造起新的公寓，使海中形成了密密的珊瑚森林。
而森林的空隙，便成为其他许多海生动物栖息之所。
⑤随着岁月的消逝，珊瑚虫不断死去，但公寓仍在。
那些森林中的生物在死亡后也留下了许多石灰质的硬壳、骨骼之类的碎屑，它们充填在密林的空隙中。
不断新生出来的珊瑚虫又分泌出许多石灰质，把这些东西胶结起来，逐渐形成结实的礁石、岛屿。
珊瑚礁形成的速度并不慢。
在我国的西沙群岛上，曾观测到每年增长三毫米的记录。
⑥风浪竭力破坏珊瑚虫的工作，它把许多珊瑚打碎，但这并未能阻止造礁工作的进展。
人教部编版四年级语文素材期末复习：课外阅读理解带答案解析
人教部编版四年级语文素材期末复习：课外阅读理解带答案解析一、部编版四年级下册语文课外阅读理解1．课外阅读。
珊瑚大海退潮了。
海面上露出了美丽的珊瑚，有红的，有白的，还有花的。
它们一丛一丛，有的像鹿角，有的像扇面，有的像菊花，有的像树枝。
人们看到珊瑚的色彩这样美丽，形状这样奇怪，以为它们是长在海底的植物。
其实它们不是植物，是珊瑚虫分泌出来的石灰质。
珊瑚虫是浅海里的一种小动物。
它们生活在海底洁净的岩石上，只有几毫米大。
它们长着花瓣一样的触手，触手中间有一个很小的“嘴”，猎取比它更小的生物当食物。
它们不断地分泌石灰质，这些石灰质连在一起，就形成了各种各样美丽的珊瑚。
珊瑚虫一代又一代地在岩石上生长，繁殖，死亡。
经过几万年，它们遗留下来的石灰质就成了珊瑚礁。
再经过几万年，有的珊瑚礁露出海面，就成了珊瑚岛。
我国的西沙群岛，就是由许多珊瑚岛组成的。
（1）在文中用横线画出描写珊瑚样子的句子。
（2）整体感知：这篇短文主要写了( )。
A.珊瑚非常美丽B.珊瑚是一种小动物C.西沙群岛是怎样形成的D.珊瑚是怎样形成的（3）根据短文内容选择正确的答案。
①珊瑚是（）A.植物B.动物C.石灰质②哪个自然段描写的是珊瑚是( )形成的。
A.第2自然段B.第3自然段（4）珊瑚岛是怎样形成的？（5）读了这篇短文，你还有什么不懂的问题？请提出来，写在下面的横线上。
解析：（1）海面上露出了美丽的珊瑚，有红的，有白的，还有花的。
它们一丛一丛，有的像鹿角，有的像扇面，有的像菊花，有的像树枝。
（2）D（3）C；B（4）珊瑚虫一代又一代地在岩石上生长，繁殖，死亡。
经过几万年，它们遗留下来的石灰质就成了珊瑚礁。
再经过几万年，有的珊瑚礁露出海面，就成了珊瑚岛。
（5）珊瑚虫以什么为食？【解析】【分析】（1）、（4）考查对短文内容的理解能力。
解答时要带着问题细读短文整体感知文章内容，就能找到答案。
（2）、（3）解答此类题目关键是抓住各项表述的要点，仔细阅读短文内容，比较判断正误。
高考地理专题训练：珊瑚、珊瑚礁(附参考答案)
高考地理专题训练：珊瑚、珊瑚礁（附参考答案）1.阅读图文材料，完成下列问题。
珊瑚礁白化是由于珊瑚失去体内共生的虫黄藻或共生的虫黄藻失去体内色素而导致五彩缤纷的珊瑚礁变白的生态现象。
1998年和2002年曾两度发生过严重的珊瑚白化事件。
到了2014年，由于全球温度上升了0.9℃，珊瑚白化现象又一次大规模出现。
2015年，由于白化，澳大利亚大堡礁浅水区67%的珊瑚不幸死亡。
据材料结合所学知识分析珊瑚礁白化产生的根本原因及应对措施。
参考答案：根本原因：化石燃料的燃烧，森林的破坏，温室气体增加，全球气候变暖；措施：减少化石燃料的燃烧；优化能源消费结构，开发利用新能源；植树造林；加强宣传教育，树立环保意识；发展清洁燃料技术；回收利用CO2和CH4等温室气体；加强国际合作；制定法律法规，实现达标排放2.（2019·广东高三期末）阅读材料，回答相关问题。
涠洲岛位于广西北部湾中部地区，属亚热带季风气候。
岛屿北部、东部海岸主要为基岩岩滩，西部海岸以海蚀崖为主，该岛是全球珊瑚礁分布的北缘，珊瑚主要生活在热带海域，其生长条件较苛刻，最适宜温度为25℃—27℃之间，对水环境要求高。
随着气候变化，全球的珊瑚礁正在不断减少。
目前科学家正在涠洲岛海域进行人工繁育珊瑚多项实验，主要采用固定式苗圃和悬浮式苗圃进行海底珊瑚种植，由于海况复杂，工作人员在海底种植珊瑚面临许多困难和问题。
下图为涠洲岛等深线及珊瑚礁的分布图（阴影区为现代珊瑚覆盖度>5%）（1）推测涠洲岛西部和南部地区珊瑚分布较少的原因。
（2）分析气候变暖对涠洲岛珊瑚的影响。
（3）简述在涠洲岛海底种植珊瑚可能面临的困难和问题。
（4）指出涠洲岛珊瑚礁的可持续开发利用方向。
参考答案：（1）西部风浪大，侵蚀强，水较深，形成侵蚀海岸；南部为海湾，人类活动密集，水体污染较严重，海底以淤泥沉积物为主，不利珊瑚生长。
（2）气候变暖导致海水温度升高，影响珊瑚生存，导致珊瑚总量减少；使热带的珊瑚类型增加，成为热带珊瑚的避难所；珊瑚分布范围向北扩大。
阅读理解题练习（附答案）
阅读理解题练习（附答案）阅读理解题练习（附答案）多做阅读理解有助于提高个人对文章内容的理解能力和解答能力哦！以下是店铺为大家编辑的内容，欢迎大家阅读！《二十年后》阅读附答案二十年后[美]欧·亨利瑟瑟的寒风夹杂着雨意，一位巡警在马路上威风凛凛地走着。
他边走边一家家打量，还不时转过头，用警惕的目光向平静的通衢大道两头远望，那甩警棍的动作多姿多彩，再加上体格魁梧，却不带傲气，俨然一个太平天下的卫士形象。
走过一个路段的正中时，警察突然放慢了脚步。
一家幽暗的五金店的门口，有个男子斜靠门站着，嘴里叼了根烟，并没点着。
看到警察走过来，他抢先说话了。
“没事，警官，我在等一个朋友，”他镇定自若地说，“二十年前约好现在相见。
你听了觉得奇怪，是吗?你要是不放心呢，我可以把事情说给你听听。
二十年前，这家店是一家餐馆，叫大乔·布雷迪餐馆。
”“餐馆早五年就没有了。
”警察说。
站在门道里的那个人划着一根火柴点燃雪茄。
火柴光一亮。
只见这人长着个方下巴，脸色发白，目光倒炯炯有神，右边眉毛附近留着个小白伤疤。
领带扣针歪别着，上面镶着颗大钻石。
那人说：“二十年前的今晚，我跟吉米·韦尔斯在这儿的餐厅吃饭。
我们俩都是在纽约长大的，多年来亲如兄弟。
那时我十八，吉米二十。
第二天我要去西部闯荡。
在吉米看来天下似乎只有一个纽约。
那天晚上我们约定，二十年后，都将在此地、此日、此时再次会面。
”“这事倒挺新鲜。
时隔二十年才又见上一面，未免太久了点。
分手以后你知道你朋友的消息?”警察问。
那人答道：“说起来我们也有过一段书信往来，但过了一两年便断了联系。
但我相信，只要吉米还活着，他肯定会来赴约的。
”等朋友的人掏出一块漂亮的表，表盖上镶着小宝石。
“十点还差三分钟，”他说，“我们在这餐馆分手的时间是十点整。
”“你在西部混得不错吧?”警察问。
“你猜对了!吉米要是比得上我一半就好了。
他是个大好人，只是有点死板。
我发财可也不容易，非多长几个心眼不可。
中考语文阅读理解《藻类是动物还是植物》含答案
中考语文阅读理解《藻类是动物还是植物》含答案阅读下面文章，完成下面小题。
藻类是动物还是植物宋立荣①藻类种类繁多，主要生活在水中，很多环境中都能见到它们。
藻类在生态环境中非常重要，也是固碳的重要生物。
②说到生物分类，大家的第一反应常常是植物或动物。
其实，还有一个特殊的类群，一度让分类学家颇为“头疼”，那就是藻类。
③提到藻类，大家一般会想起水面上分布的小小“颗粒”，它们随波荡漾，是鱼类的食物，也是水生态系统中的重要成员。
其实，藻类不止这些，藻类家族中有非常高大的成员，最大的藻——巨藻长度通常可达几十米到上百米，形似海带，与海带是近亲。
餐桌上常见的海带和紫菜，也是藻类。
④藻类通常是指一类没有真正的根、茎、叶分化，多数可进行光合作用，用单细胞的孢子或合子进行繁殖的生物。
⑤从生物分类学角度，藻类不属于特定的自然分类类群。
早期的分类学家根据藻类色素类型，将藻类分为蓝藻门、绿藻门、红藻门等。
虽然藻类的少数种类兼具植物光合自养以及动物异养和运动的特性，但传统上我们仍将藻类归为植物。
⑥藻类在生态环境中非常重要。
蓝藻是地球上最早的光合放氧生物，对地球表面从无氧的大气环境变为有氧环境起了巨大作用。
地球刚形成时，大气中缺乏氧气，二氧化碳的含量是如今的10—100倍。
在相当长时间内，蓝藻作为唯一的利用大气中丰富的二氧化碳进行光合作用放氧的有机体在地球上大量繁殖。
它们消耗二氧化碳，制造氧气。
大气中的氧气逐渐积累，在紫外线作用下，一部分氧气可转变为臭氧。
因此，大气层上空才会出现臭氧层，保护其他生命不被紫外线伤害，从而为地球上的需氧生物、真核生物的演化包括人类的进化和发展创造了必要条件。
⑦珊瑚礁的美丽颜色其实来自其体内的共生海藻。
海藻通过光合作用向珊瑚提供能量。
共生藻与热带、亚热带浅海珊瑚礁的主要建造者珊瑚虫互利共生，是珊瑚礁生态系统必不可少的元素。
同时，共生藻还扮演促进造礁石珊瑚钙化的重要角色。
如果共生藻离开或死亡，珊瑚就会变白，因失去营养供应而死。
(英语)高二英语阅读理解解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)
（英语）高二英语阅读理解解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime coral bleaching (白化现象) events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick-starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world."Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places-the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a place to settle," said Steve Simpson, study co-author and a professor at the University of Exeter, UK.By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. "These returning fish, are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish populations in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many coral reefs around the world," said lead author, Tim Gordon.（1）What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?A.Diverse species.B.Noise pollution.C.Fishing industry.D.Climbing temperatures.（2）What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?A.Removing damaged coral reefs.ing loudspeakers to keep fish away.C.Building new homes for sea species.D.Playing certain sounds to appeal to fish.（3）Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted?A.To provide some findings of the study.B.To show the progress of the experiment.C.To explain reasons for the new approach.D.To give another solution to the problem.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The attempts are in vain.B.Natural recovery is impossible.C.Initial success has been achieved.D.The coral reefs have returned to normal.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，而为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统，科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器，让珊瑚听起来更健康，从而能够吸引鱼类。
2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练(六)环保类
2021届中考英语阅读理解强化训练（六）环保类（一）Every year thousands of young people in England finish high school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers.Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they work in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.Paul, 18, comes from Wales. Next year he wants to go to university to study Chinese, but now he's living in Belize. Paul says, "I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the sea near Belize. The reefs here are beautiful, but if the sea water is polluted badly, the coral will die. I'm helping to do study on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs. All over the world, coral reefs are dying. We need to do something about the problem before it's too late. I'm staying with a family here. I help do some housework. I don't get any money, but that's OK. I love my work here, and I'm learning a lot about the people of Belize! When I finish my work, I want to stay here for another three months. I want to travel around Belize and Central America."1. What will some young people in England do after finishing high school?A. Go to work for money.B. Go to other countries and work as volunteers.C. Start work in universities.D. Go to university in other countries.2. Where is Paul living now?A. In England.B. In China.C. In Belize.D. In America.3. What is Paul doing with other people in the sea near Belize?A. Working to save the coral reefs.B. Studying Chinese in a university.C. Helping do some housework.D. Doing some research in Wales.4. From the passage, we know that the coral reefs_____.A. are not as beautiful as beforeB. will probably be sold for moneyC. may die because of the pollutionD. cannot live without fish in the sea5. What does Paul want to do after he finishes his work as a volunteer?A. Stay there for another year.B. Go back home to start work.C. Learn about the people at home.D. Travel around Central America.（二）When Megan Sorbo first spoke about her support for Florida black bears at a public meeting, she was 9. Now 14, this homeschooled student from Florida has helped to protect Florida's natural resources (资源). Several months ago, she asked to cut hunting as a way to save bears. She also asked to protect Split Oak Forest from a road building plan."Just because kids can't vote (投票) doesn't mean we don't care," she said. "Just because kids aren't doctors or lawyers yet doesn't mean our voices aren't significant."In the matter of Split Oak Forest, Sorbo once wrote to the mayor (市长), saying the road would harm the environment.Though the project went on, the mayor praised her effort. "We like your passion(热情) for the community," he said.Sorbo's mother, Tina Sorbo, believes her daughter's bravery comes from a trip that she took to the forest for a homeschool lesson at age 7. Sorbo saw a hunter who was killing bears. Seeing the animals in pain made her quite upset.Sorbo has also called on people to use bear-resistant iron bins that will make bears less likely to trouble humans in their homes. "Small things can add up to make something big," she said.1.Megan Sorbo has offered to help in Florida _____.A.protect natural resourcesB.build roadsC.raise bears2.The underlined word "significant" in the second paragraph means "_____" in Chinese.A.重要的B.微小的C.忽视的3.The mayor praised Megan Sorbo because _____.A.she gave the government useful adviceB.she was good at protecting the environmentC.she did something for her community actively4.Megan Sorbo would probably agree that _____.A.kids should try to go on trips a lotB.kids should do something for the environmentC.kids should learn more knowledge of nature5.The best title of the passage is "_____".A.Bears and forests in the communityB.A project to protect and forestsC.A teenage girl who about the environment（三）Thousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves and bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to sixty-five million. Three-quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this "rewilding".Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain's forests—but soon there might be!1.What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?A. About 25 million.B. Over 65 million.C. More than 61 million.D. Not more than four million.2.Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?A. Because more trees have been planted.B. Because there are more large wild animals.C. Because pollution is much worse than before.D. Because people use new methods of farming.3.Which paragraph gives opinions from "rewilding" supporters?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.4.What are some people against?A. Living closer to nature.B. Planting more and more trees.C. Helping large wild animals return.D. Building more villages and towns.5.What's the best title for the text?A. Making Britain wild againB. A trip to wild BritainC. An introduction to BritainD. Protecting the environment（四）Pandas are in danger now. There are some reasons (原因) for this. One is that pandas are losing their homes. People cut down pandas' bamboo forests to make towns and cities. Another is that pandas have few baby pandas. Pandas have another big problem. A new report shows that there isn't much bamboo because of climate (气候) change. Bamboo is almost the only food pandas eat. An adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day.The study shows that nearly all the bamboo in China's Qinling Mountains may disappear (消失) one day because of climate change. Pandas will have nothing to eat. Scientist Liu Jianguo said that we must help pandas now, "It is difficult, but I think there's still hope, if we start now." Panda lovers feel sad about the bad news. Panda expert (专家) Chang Leng said it is time for the world to wake up and help pandas.(1).Which isn't the reason for pandas in danger?A.People cut down many pandas' bamboo forests.B.Pandas have few babies.C.People can't save them well.D.They can't find a lot of food.(2).People cut down much bamboo to ____ .A.make towns and citiesB.make bamboo modelsC.make bamboo forestsD.make food for people(3).An adult panda needs about ____ kilograms of bamboo every day.A.21B. 28C.38D.48(4).How do panda lovers feel about the bad news?A.Happy.B.Sad.C.Angry.D.Excited.(5).What's the main idea (主题) of Paragraph(段落)2?A.All the bamboo in China's Qinling Mountains disappears.B.The climate of the world is changing.C.We should start to protect pandas.D.Pandas should move to other countries.（五）The world uses about a thousand million(百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.1.How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?A. Under 10 million.B. Only 19 million.C. About 92 million.D. Over 700 million.2.Treating wastewater helps the environment by _______.A.storing waste in ice and snowB.letting waste run into oceansC.keeping waste out of rivers and oceansD.sending waste to coastal countries3.What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?A.远洋运输B.潮汐发电C.食盐销售D.海水淡化4.At present, the technology to process water _______.A.needs much energyB. saves much moneyC. satisfies everyoneD. causes pollution5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Water should be a human right.B.The water problem is still serious.C.Our planet is covered with water.D.Everyone has enough clean water.（六）Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction (破坏) of our environment. Brown clouds, polluted water, endangered wild animals...these problems seem so huge.So my family do what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk whe re we don’t have to drive.But does it do any good? When I am the only one in line at the market with cloth bags, am I doing any good?Does my walking to stores make any real difference to the world?I recently learned something about flamingos (火烈鸟) which like to get together in groups ofa thousand or more. Every year, when the time comes for migration (迁), a few of them first take off from the lake. But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns. However,the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them, but most of them still pay no attention, so they return again. They try for several times. Every time a few more birds join in but since the thousands of others still take no notice, the great migration plan is once more stopped.Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular (壮观的) sight it must be — thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once!A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying, others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems.1.Where would you most probably read this passage?A.A guidebook.B.A movie poster.C.A personal blog(博客).D.A science magazine.2.Why does the writer use cloth bags in stores?A.Because he wants to do some good to the environment.B.Because he thinks plastic bags are more expensive.C.Because there are only cloth bags in stores.D.Because all the people use cloth bags in stores.3.Why does the small group of flamingos return to the lake?A.Because they are very tired.B.Because they can’t f ind food in other places.C.Because they don’t know where to go.D.Because the others don’t fly along with them.4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The writer and his family never use cloth bags.B.Flamingos like to get together in groups of a thousand or more.C.Brown clouds and polluted water are the only problems we face today.D.Flamingos never travel to other places every year.5.What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this article?A.To show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos.B.To tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference.C.To introduce a special kind of flamingos to readers.D.To show that there're many problems in the world.答案以及解析（一）答案：1-5BCACD解析：1.细节理解题。
阅读说明文珊瑚岛附答案 珊瑚短文阅读答案【6篇】
阅读说明文珊瑚岛附答案珊瑚短文阅读答案【6篇】推荐阅读说明文珊瑚岛附答案(推荐篇一在日常生活中，说明文的实用性很强，它主要借助于语言表达让人们了解事物情状。
如果语言表达“失之毫厘”，其结果就会“谬以千里”，所以说明文语言要求准确无误，给读者以科学的认识。
在科技飞速发展的今天，说明文的应用越来越广泛，而说明文的写作除了精选材料，巧妙安排结构之外，还要准确地运用语言，有效地说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性等。
那么作为考生而言，如何恰当把握该类文体语言的写作特点呢？考生需要从以下几个角度入手：一、准确性。
说明文以传授知识为目的，这就要求它必须用准确的语言如实地反映事物的特征、本质、规律。
说明文要介绍客观事物，介绍科技知识，“准确”是至关重要的。
1.表示时间、空间、程度范围的词要准确无误，对事物进行的说明要客观。
“基本上”“大约”“左右”“在当时”“比较”“大多数”“几乎”“许多”“可能”等词的准确运用，能帮助我们准确地说明事物或事理。
准确，就是恰如其分地说明事物的面貌、状态、性质、特点、变化、规律等，不夸大，不缩小，不走样，不遗漏。
对待事物考生要有实事求是的科学态度。
如达尔文在《〈物种起源〉导言》一文中有这样一句话：“虽然许多事实现在还是不清楚，而且在未来长期内也还弄不清楚，但是我们经过了精细的研究和冷静的判断，可以毫不怀疑地断言创造论的错误。
”一方面说明自己否定创造论的科学精神，另一方面又承认还有许多未知事物，这种表述是实事求是的，因而也是准确明白的。
2.要准确地说明事物，就要正确地运用和解说概念。
无论是下定义，还是作解释，都要表达得严密无误。
如“图书目录简称书目，是一种记录书名著者出版情况和收藏情况，按照一定的顺序编排，供人们查找的工具书”，这个定义，对书目的性质、内容、编排、用途等本质特征进行了准确的概括，这几项去掉任何一项都不行。
如只说书目是一种工具书，它与《辞源》等工具书就没有区别；不说“供人们查找”，就无法与供人们阅读的一般书籍区分了。
海底造林拯救珊瑚礁阅读答案
“海底造林”拯救珊瑚礁阅读答案大陆滨海一带不仅生活着干奇百怪的海洋生物，还有许多五彩缤纷的珊瑚，特别是在热带、亚热带海域，那大大小小的珊瑚礁就如同生机勃勃的海底花园，美丽而又富饶。
然而近些年来，世界各地的珊瑚都出现了不同程度的退化现象。
2019年9月，有数位科学家在英国著名的《自然》杂志上联名发表文章，称全世界的珊瑚礁到2070年可能会全部消失。
事实上，早在20世纪80年代，科学家们就已经发现了珊湖退化现象，而且呈现出愈演愈烈的趋势。
1998年、2002年和2016年的3次大规模册瑚白化事件，更对全球的册瑚礁造成了严重破坏。
据科学家研究证实，目前世界上约有10%的珊瑚礁已经完全退化，大约有60%的珊瑚礁正处于危险之中，到2030年，全世界超过50%的珊瑚礁可能会遭到破坏。
大面积的珊瑚退化，将引发一连串的环境效应，甚至造成严重的生态灾难。
如同森林植被可以防风固沙一样，珊瑚礁这片“海底森林”是极其重要的天然防波堤。
健康的珊瑚礁能够吸收大约97%的海浪能量，缓冲海浪对海岸线的侵蚀破坏。
甚至可以说，未来海浪增高的主要原因并非是气候变暖导致的海平面上升，而是珊瑚退化。
珊瑚退化还将威胁其他生物，包括鱼类、海鸟等的生存。
例如最近几年的研究发现，地处非洲与阿拉伯半岛之间的红海，一些紧邻城市的海域不仅出现了珊湖礁大量退化的现象，而且那些依靠珊湖礁生存的鱼类也在急剧减少。
除此，之外，珊瑚退化还将严重影响沿海人类的生存和社会经济的发展。
由于珊瑚退化造成鱼类锐减，必将降低海产品的产量。
据估计，东南亚地区近95%的珊瑚礁正遭受威胁，其中印度尼西亚和菲律宾滨海地区所受威胁最大，数百万人的生活将会因珊瑚退化而遭受严重影响。
珊瑚虫十分脆弱，对生存环境要求较高，它们喜欢在温暖、清澈、含盐度较低的浅海环境中生活。
目前，全世界发现的造礁珊瑚主要分布于水深不超过90米的海底，且水深20米以内地带发育最盛，适宜水温为15℃~29℃，温度过高或者过低都不利于其生存。
2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练Unit5FirstAid新人教版选择性必修第二册含答案
Unit 5 First Aid一、阅读理解AFrightened. That was how I felt that Monday morning when my marine（海洋的） science students came into class and began encouraging one of their classmates to tell what had happened at the beach the day before.Although each of my students had recei v ed a PADI（the Professional Association of Di v ing Instructors） Open Water Di v er certification as part of our marine science program， I was frozen in fear and wondering what had happened at the beach. Once certified， my students began to use their new di v ing skills to carry out underwater research projects on the coral reefs（珊瑚礁） near our island. Being islanders surrounded by water， my students are taught that the ocean is not a dangerous place， but can be v ery unforgi v ing to those who make mistakes. In this case， my first thoughts were for their safety and well-being. I did a quick head count. They were all in class with all their parts in place. I became less afraid and more curious about what had happened. But I was wholly unprepared for the story they told.A three-year-old boy playing in the water near the shore was about to sink. His family members and beachgoers rushed to help， carrying the boy to the beach， but no one was sure what to do next. One of my students was at the beach that day and rushed o v er to help. She had taken a first-aid course that I’d taught as an after-school program. She began CPR（心肺复苏）and asked others to call 911. By the time doctors arri v ed， the child was able to breathe in his mother’s arms.As teachers， we know children learn through our energy and effort. They become interested. Some find their passions and go after their dreams. In this way we know we ha v e the power to change li v es. I’d add that once in a while we ha v e the power to sa v e a life.本文是记叙文。
coral reefs雅思阅读解析
coral reefs雅思阅读解析
一、珊瑚礁的重要性
珊瑚礁是海洋生物多样性的热点，被誉为水下森林。
它们为数百万种海洋生物提供了生活空间和食物来源，同时还为沿海社区提供了重要的生态服务，如保护海岸线免受侵蚀、提供渔业资源等。
二、珊瑚礁的生态功能
1.提供生活空间：珊瑚礁为许多海洋生物提供了生活环境和庇护所，使得生物多样性得以繁荣。
2.生态循环：珊瑚礁有助于碳循环、氮循环等生物地球化学过程的进行，维持海洋生态系统的稳定。
3.海岸防护：珊瑚礁能够吸收海浪能量，减轻海岸侵蚀，保护沿海社区和基础设施。
三、珊瑚礁面临的威胁
1.全球气候变化：温室气体导致的海洋酸化和海水温度升高，对珊瑚礁造成致命威胁。
2.人类活动：过度捕捞、非法采矿、污染等，破坏了珊瑚礁的生态系统。
3.疾病和寄生虫：珊瑚礁生物体的疾病和寄生虫传播，导致珊瑚礁衰退。
四、保护珊瑚礁的措施
1.减少温室气体排放：降低全球气候变暖，保护海洋生态环境。
2.实施海洋保护区：禁止非法捕捞和矿产开采，恢复珊瑚礁生态系统。
3.科学养殖：推广可持续的渔业养殖方法，减少对珊瑚礁的破坏。
五、个人如何参与保护珊瑚礁
1.提高环保意识：了解珊瑚礁的重要性，积极参与环保宣传活动。
2.减少单塑料使用：防止塑料垃圾进入海洋，危害珊瑚礁生物。
3.支持可持续发展：选择环保旅游产品，参观珊瑚礁时遵循相关规定，不损害生态环境。
4.参与志愿活动：加入环保组织，参与珊瑚礁保护项目。
珊瑚阅读题答案范文
珊瑚是海底生长的各种珊瑚虫，由大量的钙质分泌而成，形状各异、绚丽多彩，堪称海洋中的“世外桃源”。
珊瑚珠、珊瑚手串等珊瑚制品也是人们喜爱的饰物。
除此之外，珊瑚更有着它无法言喻的重要性，它是海洋生态系统中不可或缺的组成部分，对维持地球生态平衡至关重要。
阅读以下问题并作出回答：1.什么是珊瑚？它是如何形成的？珊瑚虫是指某些海洋无脊椎动物，它们的体内有一种叫做珊瑚硬骨质的物质，可以作为珊瑚的主要成分。
珊瑚虫是由珊瑚原虫（单细胞生物）长成的多细胞生物，它们分泌碳酸钙，逐渐形成了一层层的硬化骨骼。
最终形成了分布在热带和亚热带的各种环礁、珊瑚岛和珊瑚礁。
除了外形各异、绚丽多彩的“硬珊瑚”，还有“软珊瑚”，它们的骨骼更加柔软。
2.珊瑚为什么那么重要？珊瑚是海洋生态系统中不可或缺的组成部分，它们为海洋生物提供了栖息地和食物来源。
珊瑚礁为小鱼、藻类、无脊椎海洋动物、鲸鱼等等提供了一个独立的生态系统，也给人们提供了旅游景点、科研基地和经济来源（珊瑚制品）。
然而，由于人类的破坏行为，如过度捕捞、过度开发，气候变化等等原因，珊瑚礁正面临着日益严重的威胁。
3.珊瑚礁面临的主要威胁是什么？珊瑚礁面临的主要威胁是：气候变化、过度捕捞、人为污染和人类行为。
气候变化引起海洋酸化和海洋温度升高，导致珊瑚正被“漂白”，这意味着其体内住着的藻类死亡，最终导致珊瑚骨骼失去生命力而死亡。
珊瑚礁也受到过度捕捞的威胁，过度捕捞导致海洋生态系统的不平衡，有一些鱼类成为过度捕捞的对象，导致其数量减少，也会使其他生物失去食物来源。
人为污染和人类行为同样也是威胁珊瑚礁的原因，如乱丢垃圾、地衫接近珊瑚礁、漂流物等等，都会影响珊瑚礁的健康和生存。
4.我们应该如何保护珊瑚礁？珊瑚礁的保护是所有人的责任，每个人都能为珊瑚礁的保护做出自己的贡献。
我们可以做到以下几点：(1) 支持当地的海洋生态保护项目。
如加入珊瑚礁保护组织、参加义工活动、捐赠金钱等。
(2)减少对海洋环境的污染。
小升初语文试卷及答案(人教版) (1)
太原海洋实验中学小升初语文模拟试卷姓名考号成绩一、知识积累与运用。
(共 33 分)1、下列加点字的读音，与所给注音全都相同的一组是 (2 分) ( )A．模 mó 模范模样模仿模本B．蒙 méng 蒙哄蒙骗蒙混蒙昧C．禁 jìn 禁令禁锢禁忌禁受D．尽 jǐn 尽管尽先尽量尽快2、下列词语中有两个错别字的一组是 (2 分) ( )A．要言不繁矫枉过正休养生息别出心裁B．插科打浑蜂涌而上准备就序因地制宜C．重山峻岭融汇贯通烦燥不安顶礼模拜D．明火直仗椎心痛恨一脉相成附庸风雅3、依次填入下列各句横线上的词语，正确的一组是 (2 分) ( )①实践、认识、再实践、再认识……________无穷。
②他是被________迫而跟从别人做坏事的。
③琳琳优美的演唱，赢得全场观众一片喝 ________ 。
④瞧她那________得意相，一定又有什么高兴事。
A．以至协采副 B．以致胁彩付C．以至胁彩副 D．以致协采付4、依次填入下列句中横线上的关联词语，最恰当的一组是 (2 分) ( )我们已经取得了抗洪抢险的决定性胜利， ________洪水造成的损失是严重的，恢复生产、重建家园的工作十分艰巨， ________是今年各项改革和经济发展的任务相当繁重，这就要求我们要加倍努力地工作。
________要把洪水造成的损失夺回来， ________要确保实现今年经济发展的目标。
A．不过虽然不但更 B．然而尽管既也C．但是特别不仅还 D．虽然尤其既就5、下列句子中加线成语使用不恰当的一句是 (2 分) ( )A．科学家们借此机会还将了解如果彗星碎片与地球发生类似的碰撞，将会有怎样惊心动魄的后果。
B．排雷是生死攸关的工作，从接受这一艰巨的工作以来，这个部队的伤亡人数已经超过二百人。
C ．破绽百出的一幅画，经这位丹青妙手三笔两笔一改，竟变得无可挑剔了。
D ．他从旧营垒中冲出来，但一尘不染，始终保持着崇高的品质。
珊瑚丛就像是海洋里的热带雨林,它们还有个美丽的称谓叫作“海石花”阅读答案
珊瑚丛就像是海洋里的热带雨林，它们还有个美丽的称谓叫作“海石花”阅读答案阅读下面文字，完成6—8题①珊瑚丛就像是海洋里的热带雨林，它们还有个美丽的称谓叫作“海石花”，一丛珊瑚是由许多珊瑚虫聚集一起形成的。
珊瑚虫死后留下石灰质的骨骼，一代代的骨骼堆积起来，构成了珊瑚礁这个海底生态系统坚硬的基础部分。
②珊瑚灿若鲜花，因为有一些藻类共生在珊瑚虫的体内，为珊瑚藻提供“食物”。
当藻类受外界环境影响而消失后，珊瑚就会失去美丽的颜色而变白（实际上是珊瑚虫骨骼的颜色），这就是珊瑚的“白化”现象，近年来在世界各地都发现了珊瑚的白化现象。
造成珊瑚白化的原因可能在于海水温度的升高，另外某些疾病或者缺氧环境也能导致珊瑚死亡。
③印度尼西亚和牙买加珊瑚礁的衰亡，可以看成是珊瑚礁在世界范围内走向没落的缩影。
在印度尼西亚，珊瑚不仅仅意味着美丽的自然风景，它也是这个千岛之国财富的来源之一。
然而，1997年12月，印度尼西亚明打威群岛附近绵延数百公里的珊瑚礁突然大面积死亡了。
④“这是一次非常严重的事件，灾难已经过去6年了，珊瑚礁仍然没有恢复。
”研究小组的成员之一艾布拉姆说。
迅速杀死珊瑚礁的直接凶手可能是赤潮。
当赤潮发生时，整个海面被大量红色的海藻覆盖。
这是一种灾难：有毒的藻类会疯狂地繁殖，消耗掉本应属于海洋中其他动植物的氧气，包括珊瑚礁在内的生物都有可能因赤潮而窒息死亡。
事实也是如此，当年明打威群岛附近的海域确实发生了赤潮。
⑤是什么造成了赤潮呢？他们把目光投向了1997年印度尼西亚发生的一场自然灾难：热带雨林的大火。
这场持续了几个月、绵延上百万公顷的大火释放出的烟尘让整个东南亚地区都受影响。
这场大火不仅释放出了大量的二氧化碳，还释放出了藻类喜爱的美味——超过1万吨的铁以及其他营养物质。
⑥“大火把植物体内和土壤中的营养物质以烟尘的形式释放到了大气中，当这些尘埃落定时，它们会把周围的环境变得营养丰富。
”艾布拉坶在接受采访时说，“我们的研究发现，来自热带地区火灾产生的营养物质能够产生特大赤潮，足以杀死数百公里范围内的珊瑚礁和大量鱼类。
新高中地理高考专题21海洋地理-2021年高考地理真题与模拟题分类训练(教师版含解析)
2021年高考真题和模拟题地理分项汇编(全国通用)专题21海洋地理(2021·浙江高考真题)海草为海洋中的高等被子植物，有“海洋之肺”之称。
近年来所罗门群岛种植海草，形成了独特的生态系统。
下图为世界部分区域略图。
完成下面小题。
1．甲处海底宏观地形是( )A．海沟B．海岭C．海盆D．裂谷2．种植海草对当地海洋生态环境的有利影响有( )①净化水质②提供农副产品③改变洋流性质④为鱼类提供栖息地A．①②B．②③C．①④D．③④【答案】1．A 2．C【解析】1．独特可知，图中板块边界为太平洋板块和印度洋板块的消亡边界，大洋板块俯冲到大陆板块以下，海底形成很深的海沟。
故选A。
2．海草被称为“海洋之肺”，可以吸收海水中的有毒有害物质，起到净化水质的功能，①正确；提供农副产品不属于对生态环境的影响，②错误；洋流是大规模的海水运动，种植水草无法改变洋流性质，且改变洋流性质未必是有利影响，③错误；海草可以减缓海水流动，附着、沉淀水中营养物质，从而为鱼类提供栖息地，④正确。
故选C。
3．(2021·山东高考真题)阅读图文资料，完成下列要求。
荷兰北部的马肯湖是围海造陆工程的遗留物，由人工堤坝与相邻水域隔开，水深仅2～4m，风浪较小(下图左)。
长期以来，马肯湖淤积严重，水体浑浊，生态系统受到损害。
2015年，荷兰政府决定采用人工群岛方案对湖泊进行治理。
该方案提出利用疏浚淤泥、人工抛沙等技术，构建由沙坝、沼泽、浅滩、沟渠和植物等组成的人工岛(下图右)。
其中，沙坝是抵挡盛行风引起的风浪的主要屏障，沼泽是由湖底淤泥堆积而成。
在风、波浪、地势高差和水流等自然力量驱动下，人工岛内外形成了弱环流。
(1)从右图中找出人工岛周边建造沙坝的合理位置，并在相应虚线框内填涂阴影。
(2)从抵御风浪的角度，分析与石质堤坝相比，沙坝所具有的优势。
(3)说明人工岛是如何实现马肯湖水环境质量改善的。
【答案】(1)答对1个得1分，答对2个得2分，答对3个得3分；错答、多答不得分。
广东省深圳市2022-2024年中考英语一模《阅读理解》整理
广东省深圳市2022-2024年（三年）中考英语一模解析版试卷分类汇编阅读理解2024年广东省深圳市中考一模英语试题Ⅱ. 阅读理解（40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（共15小题，每小题1.5分）ACoral reefs (珊瑚礁) are important to sea creatures. About a quarter of all ocean life depends on coral reefs at some point in their life. However, this year, high sea-surface temperatures have killed a large number of coral reefs around the world.In Dapeng Bay, the development of coral reefs is not satisfactory. Compared with healthy reefs, the ones in Dapeng Bay show big differences. First, healthy reefs have small areas which are home to sea creatures, while unhealthy reefs are covered by sea plants. Second, they make different sounds. Healthy reefs with plenty of sea creatures produce many kinds of sounds, like a band playing music pieces in the ocean. However, broken reefs with fewer kinds of sea creatures are much quieter. They can cause whales to lose direction and even swim to the coast.The recent whale strandings (搁浅) in Dapeng Bay are probably related to the state of coral reefs. Unfriendly environmental activities do harm to the reefs and break the food web, changing the whales’ way of living. Water with high nutrient (营养) levels and city lighting have also made the whales swim closer to the coast.The beautiful coral reefs are valuable for supporting ocean life. ...11. What have led to the death of coral reefs this year?A. Ocean animals.B. About a quarter of all ocean life.C. Sea creatures.D. High sea-surface temperatures.12. What does the underlined word “ones” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Coral Reefs.B. Sea plants.C. Music pieces.D. Small areas.13What can we learn about unhealthy coral reefs?.A. They make louder sounds.B. More whales swim around them.C. Sea plants grow all over them.D. They help whales find their way.14. What may the writer continue to talk about in the last paragraph?A. Ways to stop whale stranding.B. Actions to protect the coral reefs.C. Solutions to the city lighting problem.D. Reasons for high sea-surface temperatures.15. Where can we probably find the passage?A. In a film review.B. In a science report.C. In a travel guide.D. In an art magazine.BChristina wanted to lead the way back to camp and went on talking cheerfully, asking different kinds of questions about plants and wildlife.As we walked about halfway down the hillside, she fell over a stone. I jogged up to where she tripped. Suddenly, I saw a lion about ten feet up on a huge rock watching me. It was making a long deep angry sound.I stood perfectly still, holding my breath, wondering what to do. Christina was crying down below. I couldn’t shout to her to be quiet, or the lion might attack me.Then, remembering Dad’s words, I slowly dropped my backpack and took off my T-shirt. With the pack on one arm and the T-shirt on the other, I spread my arms, trying to look as wide and big as I could. Carefully I moved away down the hillside toward Christina, keeping my eyes on the lion.“Christina,” I called. “Stop crying. Get up slowly and catch my belt. We’re going down the hill. There’s a lion at the top.”We moved quietly and slowly down the hill. Once back to the forest, with the lion out of view, I removed the sweat (汗水) from my face with my T-shirt before putting it on, and looked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nothing major.I pulled out the map. The campground was on the other side of the hill. We had hiked for miles before we finally made our way back to our site.Dad saw me first.“Where have you been?” he shouted.“We were so worried,” Mother cried.“Mommy, you didn’t have to worry. Sean is real smart.” Christina said.I caught Dad’s eye. He smiled. At that moment I realized I was a big brother.16. How did Christina feel before she fell over a stone?A. Happy.B. Proud.C. Nervous.D. Worried.17. What did Sean do when he first saw the lion?A. He started crying.B. He picked up a huge rock.C. He remained still.D. He jogged up to his sister.18. Why did Sean try to look wide and big?A. To keep balance.B. To scare the lion.C. To show confidence.D. To prepare to fight.19. What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 6?A. Sean didn’t care about Christina at all.B. Sean didn’t relax until he reached the forest.C. Christina got badly hurt on the way back.D. Christina comforted Sean by cleaning his face.20. What is the best title of this passage?A. Father’s Smiling EyesB. A Terrible Mountain LionC. The Way to Becoming a Big BrotherD. Christina’s Exciting Wild AdventureCIs there a connection between volunteering and health? Could volunteering offer a way to improve kids’ mental (心理的) health?According to a new study, kids who volunteer aren’t just helping their community. They might be helping themselves as well. Scientists found that volunteering in schools or communities is connected with better health among children and teens.The study compared kids who took part in community service with those who didn’t. Kids who volunteered were 66% more likely to be considered “flourishing”, or doing well. And kids aged 12 and older who volunteered were 25% less likely to have anxiety (焦虑).Parents of some 50,000 kids in the United States aged 6 to 17 took a survey. The findings of the survey show that volunteering has a positive effect to raise higher levels of happiness, life-satisfaction, a sense of control over life and mental health.The study comes at an important time. In another report, more than 40% of high school students said that they had ever felt sad or hopeless. Therefore, there’s a clear need to improve students’ mental health. Giving back to the community may be one method. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. So, kids, give it a try, for your health and happiness.21. How does the writer introduce the topic?A. By telling a story.B. By using a saying.C. By asking questions.D. By giving some facts.22. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. Volunteers are helping community.B. Volunteers are helping themselves.C. Volunteering leads to better health.D. Volunteering is connected with kids.23. What does the underlined word “flourishing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Being helpful.B. Learning fast.C. Being friendly.D. Growing healthily.24. According to Paragraph 4, who took part in the survey of the study?A. Some parents.B. Young people.C. Some children.D. Community volunteers.25. What does the writer suggest kids do in the end?A. Do more studies.B. Ask adults for help.C. Find life purpose.D. Serve the community.阅读下面短文，并从所给的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
美丽的徐闻珊瑚世界阅读答案
《美丽的徐闻珊瑚世界》阅读答案【题目】阅读短文，回答问题。
美丽的徐闻珊瑚世界①在我国大陆最南端，湛江雷州半岛徐闻县西海岸，有一个闻名全国，被誉为“水族大观园”的珊瑚自然保护区，区内的珊瑚礁绵延20多公里，面积达2000公顷。
据专家研究，珊瑚礁已有近万年的发育史。
②徐闻西海岸一带岸礁众多，海水清澈，水温、盐度稳定，非常适合珊瑚虫的繁殖生长：多年来当地一直十分注重生态的保护，保护区内的珊瑚种类繁多，达五十多个品种。
其中软体珊瑚有千年佛、白汽泡、鸡冠花，硬体珊瑚有角星、海脑、扇形，等等。
③当艳阳高照，风平浪静的日子，乘着小船在珊瑚丛上面缓缓滑行，犹如在一片美丽的丛林中漫游，那密密麻麻的鹿角、牛角、羊角几乎探出水面，触手可及。
还有散落在“丛林”中的“翡翠”、“玛瑙”，形态各异；时隐时现的“鲜花”，橙黄蓝白红，煞是可爱，美不胜收。
不时还可见五彩缤纷的鱼儿与游船一起穿梭漫游，构成一幅奇异的海底风景画。
④珊瑚礁群向来被海洋学家称为海上“热带雨林”。
它占海洋面积不到0．2％，却栖息了1／4的海洋生物，供养着9万多种鱼类。
我国的海南岛沿岸本来有中国最大的珊瑚礁群，历史在十万年以上，但因过度开发，仅10多年有的地方已成了海底废墟。
而徐闻的珊瑚礁群作为目前祖国大陆保存最完好的珊瑚自然生长区，正吸引着越来越多的旅游观光者。
为了永远给子孙后代保留这一片天赐的生态自然景观，当地政府已制订了以保护为前提，结合生态和环境旅游的利用计划，要让这一颗明珠永远闪亮在祖国大陆南端的西海岸边。
1、第①自然段中加点字的运用体现了说明文语言的（）。
A．形象性B．严谨性C．多样性D．生动性2、第④自然段主要运用的说明方法是（）。
A．列数字作比较B．打比方作比较C．列数字打比方D．举例子作比较3、下列说法不正确的一项是（）。
A、徐闻珊瑚自然保护区内珊瑚种类繁多，景色秀丽。
B、我国海南岛沿岸有最大的珊瑚礁群，但因过度开发，现在已成了海底废墟。
C、徐闻的珊瑚礁群是我国面前保存最完好的珊瑚自然生长区。
2024北京高三二模英语汇编：阅读理解C篇及答案
2024北京高三二模英语汇编阅读理解C篇（2024北京顺义高三二模）As biologist Nicola Foster and her colleagues guided a remote-controlled monitor through the coral reefs(珊瑚礁)of the Indian Ocean’s Chagos Archipelago,they saw corals full of color near the surface. But nearly300feet below,in the darker and colder waters of what oceanographers call the“twilight zone,”some corals had turned terrible white,leaving them vulnerable(脆弱的)to disease and death.“It wasn’t something we were expecting to see,”says Foster,who studies deeperwater coral ecosystems called mesophotic reefs.Mesophotic reefs would seem to be protected from rising sea-surface temperatures that white n higher-up corals.But this team’s2019observations show the deepest instance of bleaching(变白)ever recorded—suggesting similar reefs are more vulnerable than previously believed.Bleaching often happens when warming water boosts corals to remove the colorful algae(水藻)that live in their tissues and help to sustain them.Although surface waters weren’t typically warm when Foster and her team took their measurements,the twilight zone waters neared84degrees Fahrenheit(华氏度)—far above the68-to75-degree range in which mesophotic corals are used to.The researchers realized that bleaching is related to the timing of the Indian Ocean Dipole.This phenomenon shifts the region’s surface winds and ocean currents,says study co-author Phil Hosegood.Wind and waves shake the upper ocean, keeping it relatively warm and uniform in temperature.But the2019dipole deepened this well-mixed upper layer;the thermocline(the slice of ocean that separates warm upper waters from the cold depths)had become deeper than normal. Then,those corals were exposed to temperatures that are normally found at the surface.This observation suggests mesophotic reefs elsewhere could also be bleaching.Fortunately,the corals in this study had largely recovered their color by2022,Foster notes.But each bleaching stresses the corals and,if extended,can starve them.Future Indian Ocean Dipole patterns are likely to be more severe,Hosegood says,noting that data suggest“that these natural cycles are becoming increased climate change.”1．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A．Corals in twilight zone become vulnerable because of bleaching.B．Corals normally found at the surface were found in twilight zone.C．Mesophotic reefs are much more vulnerable than higher-up reefs.D．Mesophotic reefs and higher-up reefs need different temperature.2．According to the passage,which group of pictures can describe the changes caused by the Indian Ocean Dipole?A．B．C．D．3．Regarding the future of mesophotic reefs,Hosegood probably feels______.A．excited B．worried C．curious D．hopeful（2024北京丰台高三二模）In the United Arab Emirates(UAE),water is more valuable than oil.To support its citizens,the nation relies on expensive campaigns of cloud seeding from aircraft,which spray particles(喷洒微粒)into passing clouds to make rainfall.But according to Oliver Branch,a climate scientist,there may be another method to stir up a rainmaker:with city-size solar farms that create their own weather.The heat from dark solar panels can cause updrafts that sometimes lead to rainstorms,providing water for local people.“Maybe it’s not science fiction that we can produce this effect,”says Branch, who led the work.Few studies have examined how renewable energy might shift weather patterns.In2020,Branch found that incredibly large solar farms,taking up more than1million square kilometers in the Sahara desert,could boost local rainfall. But the reward would come with a cost,the researchers found:By altering wind patterns,the solar farms would push tropical rain bands north.That’s not good news for the Amazon areas.To find more,researchers turned to a weather model that can account for land surface changes.They modeled the solar farms as nearly black fields that absorbed95%of the sunlight,surrounded by relatively reflective sand.When the solar farms reached15square kilometers,they found,the increased heat they absorbed appreciably increased the updrafts,or convection,that drive cloud formation.Hacking convection wasn’t enough,however:damp air was also needed.When conditions were ripe,the model also found,a20-square-kilometer solar field would increase a storm’s total rainfall by nearly600,000cubic meters.If such rainstorms occurred10times in one summer,they would provide enough water to support more than30,000people for a year.Solar farms in China and elsewhere are nearly big enough,Branch says.If they were built in the right spots,it wouldn’t take much to darken the panels and to plant dark crops between panel rows.Still they’re trying to improve the realism of their solar panel simulations by cross-checking them with field measurements at existing solar farms.The UAE“is committed to studying the potentially dynamic strategies,such as optimizing convection,”says Alya Al, director of the UAE’s Research Program.For now,she adds,the UAE is deeply committed to its cloud seeding program, carrying out some300missions each year.4．In his study,Branch attempts to produce rainfall________.A．by way of updrafts formed on solar farms B．by spraying particles into passing cloudsC．by means of relatively reflective sand D．by planting dark crops5．The model is designed to find out________.A．the ripe conditions for building a solar farmB．the realistic size of a solar farm for rainfall increaseC．the annual amount of water consumption in the UAED．the heat absorption rate of the solar panels in the black fields6．What can we learn about Branch’s method?A．It is not supported by the director.B．It needs great investment if applied.C．It remains to be further tested in practice.D．It has promoted cloud seeding in the UAE.（2024北京昌平高三二模）Baleen whales play a vital role in ecosystems.To communicate across vast distances and find each other,baleen whales depend critically on the production of sounds that travels far in dark oceans.However,since whale songs were first discovered more than50years ago,it remained unknown how baleen whales produce their complex vocalizations（发音）.A new study in the journal Nature reports that baleen whales developed unique structures in their larynx（喉）that enable their low-frequency vocalizations,but also limit their communication range.The study was led by voice scientists Professor Coen Elemans and Professor Tecumseh Fitch.“The toothed whales and baleen whales were initially land animals that had a larynx serving two functions:protecting the airways and sound production.However,their switching to living in the water placed new and strict demands on the larynx to prevent choking underwater,”says Tecumseh Fitch.The study shows that baleen whales nevertheless can still produce sound with their larynx,but they have developed new structures to do so,which only exists in baleen whales.“This is probably to keep a rigid open airway when they have to move huge amounts of air in and out during explosive surface breathing,”states Fitch.“We found that this U-shaped structure pushes against a big fatty cushion（垫）on the inside of the larynx.When the whales push air from their lungs past this cushion,it starts to shake and this generates very low frequency underwater sounds,”says Elemans.To understand how muscle activity could change the calls,the researchers built a computational model of the entire whale larynx.The model predicted the natural vocalizations of the whales very well.However,these newly discovered features that allowed whales to successfully communicate in the vast oceans also poses huge physiological（生理的）limits for many baleen bining experiments and models,the researchers provide the first evidence that baleen whales are physiologically incapable of escaping noise caused by humans,because it covers up their voices,and thus limits their communication range.“Unfortunately,the main frequency and depth of man-made noise caused by shipping traffic cover the frequency range and maximum communication depth of100meters that we predicted,”Elemans says.The first voice recordings of a certain whale song by Roger and Katy Payne in1970attracted global interest in sea conservation efforts.The Payne’s made people aware how quiet the seas were before humans started the widespread use of machine ships.Elemans adds:“Compared to the seventies,our oceans are now even more filled with human-made noise, which affects the whales,because they are dependent on sound for communication.Now we show that despite their amazing physiology,they literally cannot escape the noise humans make in the oceans.”7.What can we know about baleen whales’vocalization system?A.Their airways are closed during explosive surface breath.B.Their larynx has difficulty preventing choking underwater.C.Their vocalization system changed when they were land animals.D.Their fatty cushion shakes to make low frequency underwater sounds.8.The researchers’experiments and models show that______.A.baleen whales are incapable of recognizing humans’noiseB.the muscle activity is related to the vocalizations of the whalesC.human-made noises disturb baleen whales’communication rangeD.the bodily features in baleen whales limit their communication depth9.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Sea conservation efforts used to be better than now.B.The special structure protects Baleen whales from noises.C.Actions should be taken to regulate human activities at sea.D.The application of technology contributes to sea conservation.（2024北京朝阳高三二模）Science begins with mystery.Arguably,the two greatest mysteries are the universe and awareness—the vast world out there and the powerful world within.Scientists attracted by one can be called to study the other,led by the thought that these mysteries are connected.Science writer George Musser’s book Putting Ourselves Back in the Equation(方程)reviews their progress:Can physics unlock the mystery of awareness?Does awareness form the basis of fundamental physics?The result is an ambitious but ultimately disappointing tour,filled with breathless encounters with well-known scientists.Representative of the cast is MIT’s Max Tegmark,who tells Musser,“If you look at the problems that were still difficult to answer in fundamental physics,pretty much all of them trace back to awareness.”The book shows how physicists are contributing to understanding the mind,continuing a longhistory of physicists exploring other fields.Musser integrates physics with neuroscience,economies,mathematics and more. Yet a key source of local knowledge is obviously absent—psychology.An early example:Musser rightly applauds physicists’contributions to artificial neural networks but is overly trustful of their implications,declaring that“ChatGPT”is already starting to demonstrate a generalized intelligence like that of humans.Interviewing more psychologists could have exposed the considerable gap remaining.What about awareness itself?Why are some states associated with felt experience,such as the pain of a headache and the sight of a sunset,but others not?Musser’s focus is integrated information theory(IIT).IIT begins with five self-evident principles of awareness:awareness exists,and it is structured,specific,unified,and definite.It then concludes assumptions concerning the causal structure of awareness systems,identifying awareness with integrated information.Finally,IIT offers a mathematical measure of this quantity:an equation for awareness.However,despite its enthusiasts,IIT has significant problems.Its working basis is unfounded,and serious doubts surround its testability and definability.Of course,a theory of awareness must detail when,why,and to what degree we are aware of ourselves.Here,psychology’s absence is most obvious.Over the last century,psychological research has revealed countless phenomena of awareness,from models that alter awareness to methods that stimulate unawareness;from extraordinary disorders of awareness to careful studies of metacognition(元认知).Although questionable,such phenomena are the data that any scientific theory of awareness must account for.Yet these phenomena and ideas are almost nowhere in the book.Of course,psychology has not solved awareness,but one cannot hope to explain awareness without confronting these data.Awareness is genuinely mysterious.So is fundamental physics.But hoping that physics can solve awareness while excluding other approaches is only a recipe for more mystery,not less.10.What can we learn from Musser’s book?A.IIT is acknowledged for its testability and definability.B.Musser underestimates the impact of artificial intelligence.ing psychology is a trend for physicists exploring other fields.D.Musser highlights physicists’efforts to uncover the secret of awareness.11.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The link between physics and awareness has been established.B.There is no doubt about the principles of an equation for awareness.C.A multidisciplinary approach is essential to understanding awareness.D.Study of awareness needs to ignore related psychological phenomena.12.Regarding Musser’s view in his book,the author is______.A.neutralB.disapprovingC.supportiveD.uncertain（2024北京东城高三二模）Neuroscientists usually investigate one brain at a time.They observe how neurons（神经元）fire as a person reads certain words,for example,or plays a video game.As social animals,however,those same scientists do much of their work together—brainstorming hypotheses,puzzling over problems and fine-tuning experimental designs.Increasingly,researchers are bringing that reality into how they study brains.Collective neuroscience,as some practitioners call it,is a rapidly growing field of research.An early,consistent finding is that when people converse or share an experience,their brain waves synchronize.Neurons in corresponding locations of the different brains fire at the same time,creating matching patterns,like dancers moving together.The experience of“being on the same wavelength”as another person is real,and it is visible in the activity of the brain.Such work is beginning to reveal new levels of richness and complexity in sociability.In classrooms where students are engaged with the teacher,for example,their patterns of brain processing begin to synchronize with that teacher’s—and greater synchrony may mean better learning.Couples exhibit higher degrees of brain synchrony than non-romantic pairs,as do close friends compared with more distant acquaintances.But much about the phenomenon remains mysterious—even scientists occasionally use the word“magic”when talking about it.One straightforward explanation could be that synchrony between brains is a result of shared experience or simply a sign that we are hearing or seeing the same thing as someone else.But the newest research suggests that synchrony is more than that—or can be.Researchers are discovering synchrony in humans and other species,and they are mapping its choreography—its rhythm,timing and undulations（波动）—to better understand what benefits it may give us.Given that synchronized experiences are often enjoyable,researchers suspect this phenomenon is beneficial:it helps us interact and may have facilitated the evolution of sociality.This new kind of brain research might also cast light on why we don’t always“click”with someone or why social isolation（孤立）is so harmful to physical and mental health.With synchrony and other levels of neural interaction,humans teach and learn,forge friendships and romances,and cooperate and converse.We are driven to connect,and synchrony is one way our brains help us do it.13.According to the passage,collective neuroscience______.A.collects and refines research on neuronsB.analyses activities of one brain at a timeC.promotes connections among neuroscientistsD.focuses on studying brains in interactive groups14.What can we infer about brain synchrony from Paragraph4?A.It can benefit other species.B.Its mechanism has changed.C.It demands further investigations.D.Findings about it are contradictory.15.Which of the following may result from brain synchrony?A.Increasing popularity among peers.B.Better cooperation among teammates.C.Improved techniques for conversations.D.More shared experiences between a couple.（2024北京海淀高三二模）The idea that aging reduces adults’ability to imagine,a common theme in children’s literature,is contradicted by psychological research.While children are often portrayed as more imaginative,research indicates that adults not only keep this ability but sometimes surpass children in imaginative thinking.Children are frequently celebrated for boundless imagination.Yet,research reveals that their make-believe games often center around realistic scenarios,such as cooking and cleaning,as demonstrated in a2020study published in Journal of Cognition and Development.Another study,lasting for four decades,also suggests that children are not naturally more imaginative than adults;their limitations result from a lack of knowledge and expertise to effectively use their imaginative capacity as adults.Imagination may have evolved for considering alternatives to reality,but we use it most naturally to explore close alternatives,like preparing a different meal,rather than far alternatives,like riding on clouds.When we use imagination to envision far alternatives—to innovate or invent—we’re not digging into an inborn appreciation of the extraordinary;we’re using a tool designed to explore the ordinary.When considering alternatives to reality,we fix our attention on possibilities that are physically reasonable,statistically probable,socially conventional and morally permissible.When told about possibilities that violate such regularities,we usually deny they could happen.Generally speaking,our ideas about what could happen are firmly rooted in what we expect to happen.This mindset is also particularly apparent in young children.In a2018study I co-designed with psychologist Jonathan Phillips,4-year-olds were asked to help a distressed girl who disliked going to school due to missing her mother.Among all the solutions given,they perceived the only possible solution was for her mother to do something special after school to ease her concerns.Unexpected alternatives,such as snapping fingers and making it Saturday,wearing pajamas to school or lying about school being closed,were all regarded impossible.From this,we can conclude that children’s earliest intuitions (直觉力)about possibility confuse what could happen with what should happen.Historically,the improbable event of traveling faster than a horse was considered impossible,as was traveling by air or traveling into space.Before the arrival of trains and planes,there were good reasons to think that people could travel only so far and only so fast.But these reasons were empirical(经验主义的),not logical.Imagination,on its own,lumps the improbable with the impossible,but we can combine imagination with other abilities—namely,knowledge and reflection—to separate the two.While imagination in children often subjects to expectation,adults can control their imaginative capacity for innovation by integrating it with accumulated knowledge and reflective thinking.16.According to the first two paragraphs,we know that.A.children develop imagination through gamesB.children face limitations in acquiring knowledgeC.adults are as good as children in imaginative thinkingD.adults’imaginative ability is likely to stay constant with age17We can infer from the passage that.A.expectation results from imaginative capacityB.certain practical concerns can limit imaginationC.breaking regularities may lead to close alternativesD.far alternatives are more important than close alternatives18.The2018study shows that children.A．came up with a wide range of alternatives B．were quicker to figure out solutionsC．took what should happen as possibilities D．used imagination in a reasonable way19.The underlined word“lump”in the last paragraph probably means.A.mix B．match C．compare D．replace（2024北京西城高三二模）When people hear“artificial intelligence,”many envision“big data.”There’s a reason for that:some of the most important AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets.But AI is not only about large data sets,and research in“small data”approaches has grown extensively over the past decade—with so-called transfer learning as an especially promising example.Also known as“fine-tuning,”transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have little data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem.The way it works is that you first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller data set related to your specific problem.Research in transfer learning approaches has grown impressively over the past10years.In a new report for Georgetown University’s Center for Security and Emerging Technology(CSET),we examined current and projected progress in scientific research across“small data”approaches.Our analysis found that transfer learning stands out as a category that has experienced the most consistent and highest research growth on average since2010.This growth has even outpaced the larger and more established field of reinforcement learning,which in recent years has attracted widespread attention.Small data approaches such as transfer learning offer numerous advantages over more data-intensive methods.By enabling the use of AI with less data,they can bolster progress in areas where little or no data exist,such as in forecasting natural disasters that occur relatively rarely or in predicting the risk of disease for a population set that does not have digital health records.Another way of thinking about the value of transfer learning is in terms of generalization.A recurring challenge in the use of AI is that models need to“generalize”beyond their training data.Because transfer learning models work by transferring knowledge from one task to another,they are very helpful in improving generalization in the new task,even if only limited data were available.Moreover,by using pretrained models,transfer learning can speed up training time and could also reduce the amount of computational resources needed to train algorithms(算法).This efficiency is significant,considering that the process of training one large neural(神经系统的)network requires considerable energy.Despite the growth in research,transfer learning has received relatively little visibility.The existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policy makers and business leaders in positions of making decisions about AI funding and adoption.By acknowledging the success of small data techniques like transfer learning—and distributing resources to support their widespread use—we can help overcome some of the common misconceptions regarding the role of data in AI and facilitate innovation in new directions.20.What does the underlined word“bolster”in Paragraph3probably mean?A.Promote.B.Seek.C.Track.D.Monitor.21.In which of the following settings can transfer learning be best applied?A.Predicting the frequency of floods in Amazon rainforest.B.Designing a program that can read handwritten documents.C.Forecasting the number of people infected with an unknown illness.D.Predicting house prices based on basic features like area and location.22.What is the writer’s attitude towards transfer learning?A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Critical.D.Unconcerned.23.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Transfer Learning:Where Does It Best Fit?B.Small Data Are Also Crucial for Advancing AIC.Transfer Learning Powers Technological AdvancesD.Big Data vs.Small Data:Which Is the Future of AI?参考答案1．A2．D3．B【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了印度洋的中孔珊瑚的白化现象十分严重，且未来的气候变化会加大这种现象。
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珊瑚礁阅读理解答案
珊瑚礁阅读理解答案
珊瑚礁
①珊瑚丛就像是海洋里的热带雨林，它们还有个美丽的称谓叫作海石花，一丛珊瑚是由许多珊瑚虫聚集一起形成的。
珊瑚虫死后留下石灰质的骨骼，一代代的骨骼堆积起来，构成了珊瑚礁这个海底生态系统坚硬的基础部分。
②珊瑚灿若鲜花，因为有一些藻类共生在珊瑚虫的体内，为珊瑚藻提供食物。
当藻类受外界环境影响而消失后，珊瑚就会失去美丽的颜色而变白（实际上是珊瑚虫骨骼的颜色），这就是珊瑚的白化现象，近年来在世界各地都发现了珊瑚的白化现象。
造成珊瑚白化的原因可能在于海水温度的升高，另外某些疾病或者缺氧环境也能导致珊瑚死亡。
③印度尼西亚和牙买加珊瑚礁的衰亡，可以看成是珊瑚礁在世界范围内走向没落的缩影。
在印度尼西亚，珊瑚不仅仅意味着美丽的自然风景，它也是这个千岛之国财富的来源之一。
然而，1997年12月，印度尼西亚明打威群岛附近绵延数百公里的珊瑚礁突然大面积死亡了。
④这是一次非常严重的事件，灾难已经过去6年了，珊瑚礁仍然没有恢复。
研究小组的成员之一艾布拉姆说。
迅速杀死珊瑚礁的直接凶手可能是赤潮。
当赤潮发生时，整个海面被大量红色的海藻覆盖。
这是一种灾难：有毒的藻类会疯狂地繁殖，消耗掉本应属于海洋中其他动植物的氧气，包括珊瑚礁在内的生物都有可能因赤潮而窒息死亡。
事实也是如此，当年明打威群岛附近的海域确实发生了赤潮。
⑤是什么造成了赤潮呢？他们把目光投向了1997年印度尼西亚发生的一场自然灾难：热带雨林的大火。
这场持续了几个月、绵延上百万公顷的大火释放出的烟尘让整个东南亚地区都受影响。
这场大火不仅释放出了大量的二氧化碳，还释放出了藻类喜爱的美味超过1万吨的铁以及其他营养物质。
⑥大火把植物体内和土壤中的营养物质以烟尘的形式释放到了大气中，当这些尘埃落定时，它们会把周围的环境变得营养丰富。
艾布拉坶在接受采访时说，我们的研究发现，来自热带地区火灾产生的营养物质能够产生特大赤潮，足以杀死数百公里范围内的珊瑚礁和大量鱼类。
这个研究小组的论文第一次表明，营养物质能够对海洋产生影响并导致珊瑚礁和其他沿海海洋生态系统的浩劫。
⑦对于科学家而言，解除珊瑚礁面临的危机比发现这些危机更困难。
即便人们能够立即制止珊瑚的疾病和白化现象，珊瑚礁仍然处于一种长期的危机中。
如果我们能够退回去实施强有力的管理，那么我们可以恢复（珊瑚礁的）生态系统，但是这取决于政治意愿、资金和其他很多难以预料的影响；在目前的情况下，对珊瑚礁的研究以及
管理的资金和政策没有任何变化，前景确实非常黯淡，我们眼睁睁地看着大片珊瑚礁死亡，而它们500年前还存在。
本杰戴尔对前景表示悲观。
6．对珊瑚礁的理解，不正确的一项是（）
A．珊瑚礁是海底生态系统坚硬的基础部分，由珊瑚虫死后留下的石灰质骨骼，历经一代代堆积而形成的。
B．某些疾病或者缺氧环境能够导致珊瑚死亡。
C．当赤潮发生时，有毒的藻类会疯狂地繁殖，消耗掉本应属于海洋中其他动植物的氧气，能够使珊瑚礁窒息死亡。
D．制止珊瑚的疾病和白化现象，就能解除珊瑚礁的危机。
7．下列对文章内容的理解，不正确的一项是（）
A．本杰戴尔认为来自热带地区火灾产生的营养物质所导致的特大赤潮，能够杀死数百公里范围内的珊瑚礁和大量鱼类。
B．在印度尼西亚，珊瑚不仅是一道美丽的自然风景，也是该国财富的一个来源。
C．1997年印度尼西亚的.那场热带雨林大火导致了明打威群岛附近的海域赤潮的发生。
D．目前，对珊瑚礁的研究和管理，由于资金和政策的问题，正处于极端的困境中。
8．根据文章内容，以下推断正确的一项是（）
A．因珊瑚礁灿若鲜花，颜色各异，海洋才呈现出五彩缤纷的海底世界。
B．珊瑚礁的衰亡使印度尼西亚这一千岛之国的财政收入受到影响。
C．特大赤潮产生后，赤潮范围里的包括珊瑚礁在内的海洋生物将灭绝。
D．目前，人们加强了对珊瑚礁的研究，恢复珊瑚礁的生态系统虽然悲观，
参考答案
6、D（最后一段即便人们能够立即制止珊瑚的疾病和白化现象，珊瑚礁仍然处于一种长期的危机中。
A在第一段；B在第二段；C在第四段）
7、A（这是艾布拉姆的观点）
8、B（A珊瑚礁只是使海底世界五彩缤纷的一部分，故说才会不对；C以部分代整体的错误，第六段中说赤潮杀死大量鱼类。
D见第六段是在目前的情况下，对珊瑚礁的研究以及管理的资金和政策没有任何变化。
）
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