中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧-最新教育文档
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧词义猜测是英语阅读的严重技巧,它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且需要掌握或认识较多的课外词汇,在一定程度上考查考生的逻辑推断能力,是阅读能力的一个严重组成部分。
下面介绍几种多见的词义猜测技巧。
一、根据定义或释义猜测词义1. Insomnia is the inability of falling asleep orsleeping restlessly.根据后面的解释,不难猜出insomnia是“失眠”的意思。
2.Hetakesaspecialinterestinbotanywhichconcernsthe study of plants.根据定语从句which concerns the study of plants可知botany是“植物学”的意思。
二、根据转折或对比关系猜测词义在有些文章中,通常会出现一些表示意义转折、对比的词语,如however,but,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,insteadof, while, unlike, not, although, yet, despite, in spiteof, in contrast, on the other hand等。
我们根据这些词语可以看到前后句在意义上的差别,从而依据某一句的含义,来确定某个词的含义。
例如:1.Mr.Greenisalwayspunctualforeverything,butforsomereasonhewaslateforanim portantmeetingforanhourlast week.本句中but词表示转折,由but后面的内容he was late可以知道punctual的意思与其相反,意思是“守时的,准时的”。
2. Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.大部分人同意,however表示转折,可推知dissent意思为“不同意”。
中考英语复习阅读理解五大题型解题方法：阅读理解词义猜测
中考英语复习阅读理解五大题型解题方法：阅读理解词义猜测二、考点热点回顾技能训练-猜测词义题1、题型分析：在做阅读理解题时，常会遇到一些过去未曾见过的生词，这类生词的词义许多是可以上下文信息推断出来的，在一些文章中，有时作者在使用一个生词之后，会对该词的含义作一些解释说明；有时作者为了相反的两件事或人，会使用一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比；有时作者为避免重复，或为了表达同一事物的不同种类，还会使用同义词或近义词。
2、解题思路与技巧能根据上、下文正确判断灵活变化的词义，才算是真正具备了一定的阅读能力，这种不使用词典而通过上、下文语境来认识生词的能力，是我们学生必备的能力。
一般来说，推测词义的题目中所出现的单词，绝大多数的词学生过去没有见过，这就需要我们在该词出现的不同的上下文中去搜索线索，通过上、下文，就能帮助我们初步断定该词在文中的真正含义。
然后将这个释义带到文中，检查其释义是否贴切，所以，我们见到这种题型不要慌张，要将该词所出现的情景，根据上、下文仔细比较，从中得到该词的确切含义。
二、经典例题（一）Go and watch the baby when he is asleep, see how his chest rises and falls, then rises and falls again.He does not know what he is doing, but he breathes as well as the oldest and cleverest man in the world. He began to breathe when he was born, and he will not stop until he dies, still he does it without thinking about it.See how long you can hold your breath.In some places men dive in the sea for pearls. They pick up shells that hold the pearls, and the longer they stay under water the more pearls they can find. For the reason（原因）they hold their breath for a long time.Watch do see how many times a man draws his breath every minute. Some men breathe fifteen times a minute. An elephant breathes only eight times. It was told that a mouse breathes a hundred and twenty times each minute.No one needs to tell us that what we breathe every minute of every day is air. It is around us everywhere, like wonder sea that we can not see.The word “It” in the last paragraph means .A. wonderful seaB. airC. a mouseD. an elephant（二）Australia nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to live in. Around this dry part are large sheep and cow farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest state （州）in America. Often the nearest neighbours are several hundred kilometres away.The two-day radio is very important to people who live in these great Australia farms. It works much like a telephone A person can listen to someone else talk and then give an answer. For example, people on the large farms could talk to a doctor far away. They could tell the doctor about someone who was ill, and the doctor could let them know how to look after sick person. As the large farms were so far from towns, the children could not go to school. Radio schools were started for them in some places. At a certain（某一）time each day, boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities far away.Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbours. The programme “Round Robin” talks by radio were started to keep families in touch with（保持联系）each other. They could talk about who was going away and who was ill. The men could talk about their sheep and cows and how much money the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.The word “sick” in the second paragraph means .A. illB. poorC. kindD. healthy三、过手训练AThe world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means（通信设备）. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution（污染）. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.Many countries are making rules（法规）to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal （煤）in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused（引起）by heavy traffic. We are sure that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean.And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Here “it” means .A. rubbish（垃圾）B. noise pollutionC. air pollutionD. water pollutionBWe live in the “Computer age”. People like scientists（科学家）, teachers, writers（作家）and students use computers to do all kinds of work. But more than 30 years ago, computers couldn’t do much. They were very big and expensive. Very few people were interested in them and know how to use them. Today computers are smaller and cheaper. Since they can do a lot of work, many people like to use them. Some people even have them at home.Computers become very important because they can work faster than men and make fewer mistakes. Computers can help people do a lot of work. Writers now use computers to write. Teachers use them to help teaching. Students use them to study and children use them to play games. Computers can also remember what you put into them. Computers are very useful and helpful. They are our good friends. Do you want to have a computer?What’s the Chinese for “computer age”?A. 计算机年龄B. 计算机时代C. 计算机时间D. 计算机空间C“This is really a very fast game, the fastest one I have seen this year. Both sides are fighting for the ball all the time. The crowd is loving every minute of it. They are shouting at the top of their voices.”“Willis has the ball now. This is only his third game for England, but he’s playing so well that it won’t be this best. I’m quite sure.”“Willis passes the ball to Cotton. Cotton kicks it over the waiting Frenchmen towards the goal mouth. But he’s too far away. Duppont picks it up easily, and throws it to Paton, out the left.”“France and England still have one goal each, and there are only two minutes left. But in that time, anything can happen. Paton kicks the ball across to Grozat. It’s a beautiful kick, but stevens jumps and just stops the ball with the side of his head. But Menier is there. He passes it to Grozat and Grozat, without waiting a second, puts the ball into the back of the goal. It takes everyone by surprise. I have never seen a goal like it.”“And the game is over. France has won the cup.”1. “They are shouting at the top of their voices.” means .A. they are shouting as loud as they canB. their shouting is almost like singingC. they are shouting all the timeD. their voices are as high as they will go2. “In that time, anything can happen.” means .A. nothing more will happenB. there is time for another goalC. the game is nearly overD. anything can happen after the gameD“Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the word has many different meanings.“Cool” can be used to express feeling of interest in almost anythi ng.When you see a famous car in street, maybe you will say, “It’s cool.” You may think, “He’s so cool.” when you see your favourite footballer.We all maximize（扩大）the meaning of “cool”. You can use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. H ere is an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used.A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall（瀑布）though it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.But the story also shows a scarcity（缺乏）of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility（可信性）. Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word “cool”? I can. And I think they also very good.In the passage, the w ord “express” means .A. seeB. showC. knowD. feelEMr. White has a good black and white TV set. It works very well. But Mr. White’s friend, Mr. Brown, has a new colour TV set. Now everybody on Mr. White’s family wants a colour TV set, just like Mr. Brown has.In the morning newspaper, there is a big ad（广告）. “Special. For One Hour. Colour TV’s On Sale.” Mr. White’s children feel very happy and ask him to buy one at once. But the sale is from 2 p.m. to 3 p.m. and Mr. White works during that time.At 2 p.m. Mr. White asks the manager whether he can go home. “All right, take the afternoon off and take care of your family,” says the manager.Mr. White runs to the street and calls a taxi. He tells the driver. “Hurry to Morgan’s Department Store.”The taxi rides cost $ 4.50. Jumping out of the taxi, Mr. White runs into the store. He looks at the store directory（购物指南）: TV sets are on the fourth floor. He looks at his watch. It is now 2:50 p.m. The sale ends in ten minutes. The elevator（电梯）is slow. Mr. White waits and waits for the elevator. Finally, he decides to use the stairs.He walks up to the fourth and is very tired. Finally, he sees a clerk（职员）. The clerk is close tothe TVs. There are many beautiful color TVs on the floor.“What time is it, sir?” Mr. White asks the clerk. “It’s 2:25,sir.”Mr. White is happy. “I’m on time. I want to buy a color TV set befor e 3 p.m. I want one of the TVs on sale.” The clerk looks at Mr. White. “We don’t have any TV on sale today, sir.”Mr. White is upset（不安的）. “But the newspaper says today ‘Special sale at Morgan’s from 2 p.m. to 3 p.m.’”The underlined part（下面画线部分）in paragraph 3 means in Chinese.A. 你下午要上班B. 我们下午放假C. 准你下午假D. 你下午要加班FHave you ever heard of the saying, “If you want a friend, be one?” What does it mean?There are many different things that you can do to make friends. You may find out what they are if you watch someone make friends.Here is how one new teacher made friends with the students in her class on the first day of the school. When the bell rang, the teacher smiled at all the students. Then she said, “Good morning. How nice it is to have all of you in my class this year! I want to know each of you very much. I am sure we will enjoy working together.”The teacher smiled, used a pleasant voice（令人愉快的声音）, and acted in a friendly way. She told the students her name and wrote it on the blackboard. Then she told them something she liked to do and hoped to do with them during the year. The students knew that she liked many of the same things they liked. Everyone felt that she meant what she said. Each of them wanted to know her better and be her friend.The saying “If you want a friend, be one.” means .A. if you want to make friends with others, you should be one of themB. you can make friends by doing the things that a friend doesC. you can easily make friends with one of the othersD. you can make one good friend, if you want to四、课后习题AA “Gap Year” is a period of time when a student takes a break before going to university. It is often spent travelling or working. It can give young people useful learning experiences and new skills.Gap years are popular with European and Australian students, but remain less popular in America. However, in recent years, more and more American students are preparing for college by taking a gap year. The advantages of taking a gap year are as follows：Learn about the World and YourselfAlthough you don’t have to go abroad to experience gap years, most gap year students catch the chance to travel abroad. You are able to work out who you are and what you are for. The experiences of different cultures offer you interesting lessons. You can learn more about theworld and get to know yourself better.Face Challenges and Have FunA gap year is not only a time to take a vacation, but also a time to face challenges. Gap year students usually work, volunteer or take service projects. You have to learn how to get along in the real world. This process isn’t always easy, but it is an important part of growing up. Only in this way can you enjoy life and have fun.Save Money and Improve Your College Admission ChancesThere’s a common thought that gap years are only for rich students, but it’s not true. Actually, taking a gap year can save your money. Gap year students often take a part-time job. Besides, at the end of a gap year, students are much more likely to know what to study in college. Clear learning goals ran keep the students working hard instead of wasting time and money playing. Imagine an admission officer trying to admit (录取) only one between two students. Both of them are excellent and have high grades. However, one student has much practical experience or has volunteered in his vacation. Who do you think the admission officer will choose?1. A “Gap Year” means _______ in the passage.A. going abroad in a year for further educationB. travelling around the world in a yearC. taking a break before going to a universityD. doing a part-time job to make money during a vacation2. Besides having fun, gap year students have to face the _______.A. moneyB. informationC. vacationsD. challenges3. Having a gap year may make you _______.A. become very richB. remain less popularC. experience foreign culturesD. have no chance to break4. The last sentence implies (暗含) that _____ will probably be admitted by the admission officer.A. either of the two studentsB. the student with high gradesC. neither of the two studentsD. the .student with a gap year experience 【答案】1-4 CDCDBIt is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感) that’s been going around?A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But i t’s usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.Don’t worry.If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗), it can stop you from getting the virus (病毒). Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you.The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu.That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.However, good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system (增强免疫系统).根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
初中词义猜测题
初中词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解中的一种题型，主要
考察学生根据上下文推测生词含义的能力。
下面是一个例子：
题目：在文中“For example, he studies the map and identifies that their location is near the
intersection of two major highways. Then he
calculates that they are 200 miles from the nearest gas station.”这句话中，“intersection”一词最可能的
含义是（）
A. 交叉路口
B. 分叉点
C. 结合点
D. 冲突点
解析：根据上下文可以推测出“intersection”指的是两
条公路相交的地方，因此最可能的含义是“交叉路口”。
选
项B“分叉点”通常是指一个树枝分出其他树枝的地方，与
上下文不符；选项C“结合点”通常是指两个或多个事物结
合在一起的地方，与上下文也不符；选项D“冲突点”通常
是指发生冲突或矛盾的地方，与上下文无关。
因此，正确答
案是A。
解题技巧：
1. 仔细阅读上下文，了解文章的大意和背景。
2. 根据上下文中的线索和提示，推测生词的含义。
3. 注意生词的词性和用法，以及其在句子中的作用和意义。
4. 排除与上下文不符或与常识不符的选项。
5. 最终确定答案时要确保选项符合上下文的逻辑和意义。
专题4.字词猜测解题技巧-2024届中考英语题型过关(原卷版)
字词猜测解题技巧根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。
词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。
除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。
方法1 词义猜测法词义猜测指通过构词、定义、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义。
通常包括生词释义、熟词新义。
考查学生联系主旨、结合上下文对词汇的理解辨别能力。
A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the nextday."This bird doesn't talk," she told the pet shop owner."Does he have a mirror in his cage (笼子)?" the owner asked. "Parrots love mirrors."The woman bought a mirror and left. The next day she came back, saying that the bird still wasn't talking.The underlined word "parrot" in paragraph 1 means "______" in Chinese.A.孔雀B.鹦鹉C.鸽子D. 老鹰方法2 短语猜测法短语猜测是指利用上下文语境推测短语的意义。
中考英语阅读词义推测题答题技巧和方法
中考英语阅读词义推测题答题技巧和方法全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi guys, today we are going to talk about some tips and tricks on how to answer inference questions in the Reading section of the middle school entrance exam ().So, what are inference questions? These are the questions where you have to figure out the meaning of a word or phrase based on the information given in the passage. It can be a bit tricky, but don't worry, we've got you covered!First of all, always read the passage carefully. Make sure you understand the main idea and the details before moving on to the questions. Pay attention to the tone and style of the passage as well, as it can help you understand the context better.When you come across an inference question, try to re-read the sentence or paragraph where the word or phrase is mentioned. Look for clues that can help you figure out the meaning. Sometimes, the answer can be found in the surrounding sentences.If you still can't figure out the meaning, try to think of synonyms or antonyms for the word or phrase. This can give you a hint about its meaning. You can also look for prefixes or suffixes that can help you break down the word into smaller parts.Don't forget to trust your instincts. If you have a gut feeling about the meaning of the word, go for it! Sometimes, your intuition can lead you to the right answer.Practice makes perfect, so make sure to do as many practice exercises as you can. This will help you improve your skills and boost your confidence in answering inference questions.Remember, inference questions are all about using your critical thinking skills and making educated guesses based on the information provided. So stay calm, stay focused, and you'll do just fine!Good luck on your middle school entrance exam, and happy reading!篇2Hey guys, do you know how to guess the meaning of a word or phrase when you're reading a passage in a test? Today, I'mgoing to tell you some tips and tricks on how to infer the meaning of words or phrases in a reading comprehension test.First of all, when you come across a word or phrase that you don't know, don't panic! Take a deep breath and look at the context. Sometimes, the words around the unknown word can give you a clue about its meaning. Try to think about what would make sense in that particular sentence.Secondly, pay attention to any clues that the author gives you. For example, the author might use a synonym or give a definition of the word in the text. This can help you understand the meaning of the word in question.Thirdly, think about the root of the word. Many English words come from Latin or Greek roots, so knowing the meaning of the root can help you figure out the meaning of the word. For example, the root "tele" means distant, so words like "television" or "telephone" have to do with communicating over a distance.Lastly, don't forget to use your common sense and background knowledge. If you know a little bit about the topic of the text, you can make an educated guess about the meaning of a word based on that knowledge.In conclusion, when you're trying to figure out the meaning of a word or phrase in a reading comprehension test, it's important to stay calm, look at the context, pay attention to clues, think about the root of the word, and use your common sense. With a little bit of practice, you'll become a pro at inferring the meaning of words in no time. Good luck on your next reading comprehension test!篇3Hey guys, do you sometimes feel puzzled when you have to answer those tricky "inference" questions in your English reading test? Don't worry, I'm here to help you out! In this article, I'll give you some tips and tricks on how to tackle reading comprehension questions that ask you to make logical guesses based on the information given in the passage.First of all, it's important to carefully read the passage and understand its main idea. Pay attention to the details and try to connect the dots between different pieces of information. This will help you get a better grasp of the overall meaning of the passage and make it easier to make educated guesses.Next, look out for clues in the text that can help you make logical inferences. These clues can be explicit, like directstatements or descriptions, or implicit, like hints or suggestions. By identifying these clues, you can better understand the author's intentions and make accurate guesses about the text.Another important tip is to think critically and use your reasoning skills. Don't just rely on the information explicitly stated in the passage, but also think about what makes sense in the context of the text. Consider the author's tone, purpose, and perspective to help you infer the meaning behind the words.Remember to eliminate any answer choices that are clearly incorrect or irrelevant. Sometimes, just by process of elimination, you can narrow down your choices and increase your chances of selecting the correct answer.Lastly, practice, practice, practice! The more you practice reading comprehension and inference questions, the better you'll get at making logical guesses and understanding the deeper meaning of the text.So there you have it, guys! By following these tips and practicing regularly, you'll be a pro at answering inference questions in no time. Good luck on your next reading test!篇4Hey guys! Do you know how to answer the inference questions in the English reading comprehension test? Let me give you some tips and tricks on how to tackle these questions like a pro!First of all, inference questions are where you have to use the information given in the text to figure out the correct answer. It's like being a detective and solving a mystery! So pay close attention to the details in the passage.One key tip is to look for clues in the text that can help you make educated guesses about the answer. These clues can be in the form of words like "because", "therefore", or "since". They help connect the dots between different parts of the passage.Also, think about the author's purpose and tone. Are they trying to inform, persuade, or entertain? This can help you understand the underlying message of the text and make better inferences.Another important thing to remember is to trust your intuition. Sometimes, your gut feeling can lead you to the right answer. Just make sure to explain why you think that's the correct choice based on the information in the passage.And last but not least, practice makes perfect! The more you practice answering inference questions, the better you'll get at identifying the right clues and making accurate guesses.So next time you're faced with an inference question in the English reading test, remember to pay attention to the details, look for clues, consider the author's purpose, trust your intuition, and practice, practice, practice! Good luck, and happy reading!篇5Hello everyone, today I am going to talk about some tips and methods for guessing the meaning of words in English reading comprehension tests. It can be a little tricky sometimes, but don't worry, I'll help you out!First of all, when you come across a word you don't know, don't panic! Take a deep breath and try to think about the context of the sentence. Look at the surrounding words and try to figure out what the word might mean based on how it is used in the sentence.Secondly, you can look for clues in the text to help you guess the meaning of a word. Sometimes, the author will give you hints about what a word means by providing synonyms, definitions, oreven examples in the text. Pay attention to these clues and use them to help you figure out the meaning of the word.Another tip is to break down the word into smaller parts. Many English words are made up of prefixes, roots, and suffixes, which can give you clues about the meaning of the word. If you can figure out the meanings of these smaller parts, it can help you understand the overall meaning of the word.Lastly, if you are still unsure about the meaning of a word, try looking it up in a dictionary. This can be a helpful way to confirm your guess and learn more about the word's meaning. Don't be afraid to ask for help from a teacher or classmate if you are struggling to understand a word.In conclusion, guessing the meaning of words in English reading comprehension tests can be challenging, but with practice and these tips, you can improve your skills and become a better reader. Remember to stay calm, look for clues, break down the word, and don't be afraid to ask for help. Good luck with your reading comprehension tests!篇6Title: Tips and Tricks for Guessing the Meaning in Reading ComprehensionHey guys, today we are going to talk about a super important skill in English – guessing the meaning of words in reading comprehension! Sometimes when we are reading a passage, we may come across words that we don't know the meaning of. But don't worry, there are some tricks that can help us figure out the meaning without looking it up in the dictionary.First of all, when we don't know a word, we can try to look at the surrounding words to see if they give us any clues. For example, if we see the word "feline," we can take a look at the sentence and see if it mentions things like "purr," "whiskers," or "cat." These words are related to cats, so we can guess that "feline" might mean something to do with cats.Secondly, we can also look at the root of the word. Many English words come from Latin or Greek roots, and if we know the root, we can often guess the meaning. For example, the word "hydrophobia" has the root "hydro," which means water. So, we can guess that "hydrophobia" might mean fear of water.Another tip is to think about the context of the passage. Sometimes, even if we don't know the exact meaning of a word, we can still understand what is happening in the passage. For example, if we read a sentence like "The astronaut was elated ashe stepped onto the moon," we can guess that "elated" means happy or excited from the context.Lastly, if all else fails, we can try to visualize the word. Close your eyes and try to picture what the word might mean based on the sounds it makes. Sometimes, this can help us come up with a close guess.So remember, if you come across a word you don't know while reading a passage, don't panic! Use these tips and tricks to help you guess the meaning. Happy reading!篇7Hey guys, today I wanna talk about some tips on how to guess the meaning of a passage in the reading comprehension part of the middle school entrance exam. It can be pretty tricky sometimes, but no worries, I've got you covered!First things first, read the whole passage carefully. Try to understand the main idea of the text. Look for keywords or phrases that stand out to you.If there are any words you don't know, try to guess the meaning based on the context. Look for clues in the surroundingsentences or paragraph. Sometimes the author will give you hints to help you figure it out.Another tip is to look for synonyms or antonyms in the passage. If you see a word that you don't understand, maybe there's a similar word nearby that can help you figure it out.Pay attention to prefixes and suffixes. They can give you clues about the meaning of a word. For example, if you see the prefix "un-" before a word, you can guess that it means "not" or "opposite".Lastly, use your common sense and logic. If you can't figure out the exact meaning of a word, try to think about what would make sense in the context of the passage.Remember, practice makes perfect! The more you read and practice, the better you'll get at guessing the meaning of unfamiliar words in a passage.Good luck with your exams, you've got this!篇8Hey guys, do you have trouble with reading comprehension in the middle school entrance exam? Don't worry, I've got some tips and tricks to help you out!First of all, when you're reading a passage, try to understand the main idea. Look for keywords that can help you figure out what the passage is about. If you're not sure, read the first and last paragraphs for a summary.Secondly, pay attention to details in the passage. Look for specific information that can help you answer the questions later on. Take notes or underline important points to help you remember.Next, when you're answering the questions, look for clues in the passage. Sometimes the answer is right there in the text, so make sure to go back and re-read if you're not sure.Also, be careful of answer choices that are too extreme or off-topic. Eliminate those options first and then choose the best answer based on the information in the passage.Lastly, practice, practice, practice! The more you read and answer questions, the better you'll get at it. Try to do a little bit every day to build up your skills.So, don't stress about the reading section of the exam. Just remember these tips and you'll be ready to tackle any passage that comes your way. Good luck!篇9Hey guys!Today, let's talk about a super important skill for the English exam, which is guessing the meaning of a word from the context! This skill is called "inferencing", and it's super helpful when you come across a word you don't know during the reading comprehension part of the test.So, how do we do this? Well, first things first, read the sentence the word is in carefully. Look for clues about what the word might mean. Sometimes, the sentence itself will give you a hint.Next, look at the words around the tricky word. Do any of them give you a clue? Sometimes, words that are similar to the tricky word can help you figure out what it means.Another thing you can do is think about the overall meaning of the paragraph or passage. Does the word fit with the rest of the text? If it does, it can help you figure out what the word means.If all else fails, try to break the word down into smaller parts. Maybe you know what one part of the word means, which can help you figure out the whole thing.Remember, it's okay to guess! Sometimes, you won't know the exact meaning of a word, but you can make an educated guess based on the context.So, keep practicing this skill, guys! It'll definitely come in handy during the exam. Good luck!篇10Hello everyone! Today, I'm gonna tell you some cool tips and tricks for answering inference questions in the Reading section of the middle school entrance exam.First things first, what are inference questions? These tricky little buggers ask you to figure out the meaning of the text by using clues from the passage. It's like being a detective, trying to piece together information to solve a mystery!So, how do you tackle these questions? Well, here are some tips to help you out:1. Pay attention to details: Sometimes, the answer to an inference question is hidden in the smallest details of the passage. Look for words or phrases that might give you a hint about what's going on.2. Look for clues: The author of the passage may not come right out and say something directly. Instead, they might hint at it through the use of descriptive language or by providing examples. Keep an eye out for these clues to help you understand the text better.3. Use your own knowledge: Sometimes, you'll need to use your own background knowledge to make an inference. If the passage mentions something you already know about, use that information to help you make connections and draw conclusions.4. Eliminate wrong answers: If you can't figure out the answer right away, try eliminating the options that are obviously wrong. This can help you narrow down your choices and improve your chances of selecting the correct answer.Remember, practice makes perfect! So, go ahead and try out these tips on some practice passages. The more you practice, the better you'll get at answering inference questions. Good luck and happy reading!。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧(共38张PPT)
If you come across new
words when reading,
? What will you do
•Ignore(忽略)them and continue reading
•Look them up in the dictionary
•Guess the meaning
Guessing the meanings of words
猜测词义
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _____.
2.The word “…” is most likely to mean___. 3. What do you think the expression “…”
mini- (极小的, 微小的)
micro-（极微小的） re- （再，反复）
mis-（误，恶） im-（不）
un-（不，非）
in-（不，非）
non-（不，非） -able（能…的 ）
-less（不，无） -wards (向)
Can you guess the right meanings?
superman (超人)
英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀） 和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基 本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根 前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或 转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词 根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以 很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。
中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：
super- (超)
Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.
初中英语阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧
初中英语阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧在初中英语学习中，阅读理解是一个重要的部分，而词义猜测则是阅读理解中的一项关键技能。
当我们遇到不熟悉的单词或短语时，如果能够准确地猜测出它们的意思，将有助于我们更好地理解整篇文章。
下面，我将为大家介绍一些在初中英语阅读理解中实用的词义猜测技巧。
一、通过上下文语境猜测词义上下文语境是猜测词义最常用也是最有效的方法之一。
我们可以通过阅读单词或短语所在的句子以及前后的句子，来获取相关的线索。
例如，如果一个句子中提到“John was so hungry that he devoured the entire pizza in minutes” 在这里，我们不认识“devoured”这个词，但通过前面提到“John 很饿”以及后面“整个披萨在几分钟内”，可以猜测“devoured”是“狼吞虎咽地吃”的意思。
再比如，“The weather was extremely hot, and people sought refuge in the shade” 从“天气非常热”以及“在阴凉处”，可以推断出“sought refuge”大概是“寻找庇护、躲避”的意思。
二、利用定义、解释或同位语猜测词义有些文章会直接对生词进行定义、解释或者通过同位语来帮助读者理解词义。
比如，“A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature” 很明显，通过“is an instrument used to measure temperature”（是一种用来测量温度的仪器），我们能明白“thermometer”是“温度计”的意思。
又或者，“My sister, Mary, who is a doctor, always works very hard” 这里“who is a doctor”就是对“Mary”的同位语解释，让我们知道 Mary 的职业是医生。
英语中考阅读理解推测词义解题技巧训练及常见习语练习
4. Theherdsmanwho looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ____________
三：挑战自己
1. According to the study, facial expressions of our feelings areinnate,and are not achieved in cultural learning.
The underlined word“innate" in the first paragraph means _________
英语中考阅读理解推测词义解题技巧即常见习语训练二
阅读理解推测词义常用方法：
1运用释义、解释猜词义2.根据同义词关系猜词义
3根据举例猜词义4.根据因果关系猜词义
5根据前后缀猜词义6.根据常识/经验猜词义
7根据语境上下文猜词义
一请根据前后句意推测单词的意思。
1. Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical. ______________
二小试身手。
1.This boss wantedprivacy,because he knew that being alone would help him solve his problem. ________________
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案：C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”，在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”；B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”；D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案：B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”，老师说让班级安静下来，就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”；C 选项“活跃的”是“active”；D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案：C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思，在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”；B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”；D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案：B。
“playground”指的是“操场”，学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”；C 选项“图书馆”是“library”；D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
《中考英语阅读理解猜测词义题答题策略》进阶练习(二)
中考英语阅读理解猜测词义题答题策略》进阶练习一、阅读短文，选择正确答案AIn the UK ．Saturday evenings have always been a popular time for families to watch televisiontogether ．One of the most popular programme genres is the talent show ，partly because people of all ages are interested in it ．Early shows，like Opportunity Knocks （1965-1978 ），required people to vote （投栗）for their favorite acts and performers ，although in those days voting was done by postcard instead of by telephone，text，or over the Internet ．Today，the success of television talent shows has reached a new level ．Here are Ihe UK's top three TV talent shows ：The X Factor In this wonderful singing competition ，performers have to face a celebrity judge panel （名人裁判组）before the public vote．Many excellent singers became popular because of it．The show is now made all over the world ，from China to Colombia ．Strictly Come Dancing-The programme is so fantastic that it attracts many celebrities ．They team up with professional （专业的）dancers and come to the dance floor to win the title of Strictly Come Dancing Champion ．Britain's Got Talent-In this modern-day version （版本）of Opportunity Knocks ，the public can go and choose from many kinds of acts ，from dancing dogs to ice skating ．The prize is to perform for the Queen in the Royal Variety of Performance ．1. When did the show Opportunity Knocks begin ？______A. In 1965 ．B. In 1978 ．C. In 2015 ．D. K is not mentioned ．2. If a person loves a skating act ，he or she may go to ___ ．A. Opportunity KnocksB. Strictly Come Dancing3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ？______A. The winners of Britain's Got Talent can perform for the Queen ．B. If you want your dog to have a performance ，you can go to Britain's Got Talent with it ．C. Opportunity Knocks is still on television now ．D. People of all ages enjoy TV talent shows in UK ．4. The underline word"genres"in the first paragraph means ____ ．A. listsB. typesC. choicesD. expressions．BPollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year．Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood-powered of coal-powered stoves．One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun．Crosby Menzies ，a solar power expert in a South African company ，described his latest solar cooker called the “，So”l.4It is” four square meters of mirrors，six to eight meters in length ．It isquite a large cooler ．”The“ Sol.4 ” works by reflect（ing反射）light from the sun off large mirrors ．The mirrors direct （把⋯对准）the light at a cooking pan ．Then the light heats the pan with solar energy ．Within two minutes，the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions．In just four minutes ，water can be boiled ．That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity ．The cooker is also much “ friendlier ”than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it ．And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money oncoal ．Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke．At present，the cooker only works when the sun is shining ．But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight ．Each cooker costs about $2000 ，which is a large amount of money for most Africans ．To solve that problem ，Crosby Menzies has crated a non-governmental organization called solar Cookers for Africa ．It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment ．5. This passage is mainly about _____ ．6. The “ S-4o”l is mainly used to _ ．A. shorten the time of cookingB. reduce the cost of making cookersC. raise money through donations to help African peopleD. reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke ．7. The underlined word “ individuals “most probably means “ _______________ ”A. cookersB. mirrorsC. peopleD. experts8. Which of the following about the -4”is T“RSUoE？l _A. It is six to eight square meters of mirrors ．B. It can work in any weather condition nowC. It can also heat the pan by lighting firewoodD. It is more environment-friendly than other cookers ．9. From the passage，we can infer that ____ ．A. the “ -S4o”l will be designed in a smaller sizeB. more African can use the solar cookers in the futureC. the “-S4o”l is the first product of the south African companyD. the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers ．CCHARACTERS--Max and EmmaSCENE 1-Dining hall ．Sunville Middle SchoolEMMA ：Max!Hi!Mr ．Sosa says our band （乐队）can play in the talent show! MAX ：Cool!I'll tell Felipe to meet in the music room after school for a practice ．EMMA ：Umm．I wonder if It's a good idea to have Felipe in our bandEMMA ：Really ？He seems more interested in maths than anything else．MAX ：Well ，the says maths and music are connected．He says that learning to read music and playing keyboard is like learning maths formulas （公式）．EMMA ：Then I'm sure he ' s good at．mtuosoi．c With Felipe on keyboard ，we'll really havean edge over the other groups10. The underlined word “ edge ”in the play means ．“ _______ ”A temperatureB ．advantageC．conversation D．relationship11. Why does Emma wonder if it is a good idea to have Felipe in the band ？______A. She thinks Felipe will help them win ．B. She's not sure if Felipe is good at musicC. She thinks the band has had enough players．D. She's imagining what songs Felipe likes to play ．12. Which of following shows where the scene happens ？_____A. EMMA ：UmmB. MAX ：( With his mouth open )C. CHARACTERS-Max and EmmaD. SCENE I-Dining hall ，Sunville Middle School ．二、阅读短文，完成文后题目DHere is a useful computer game. Let me tell you how to play it. The game is called Draw Something. It needs two players to work together. One draws a picture and the other guesses what it is.The game gives you three words each time. Then you choose one to draw. Some are easy and others are difficult. For example, it is much easier to draw a moon than a cat. If your partner guesses the word correctly, you will get one to three "coins". Coins are very useful. The more you guess the pictures, the more coins you will get. If you can't draw out any of the words, you can use a "bomb" to get three new words. Of course, the bombs are not free. You need to buy them with the coins.This game is able to help you remember English words and practice drawing pictures. But you'd better not spend too much time on it. It will be bad for your eyes.(1) How many players do the game need? ( 根据短文内容回答问题)(2) What can you get if your partner guesses correctly? ( 根据短文内容回答问题)(3) Why is the game useful? ( 根据短文内容回答问题)(4) 从短文中找出与下面句子面线部分意思最相近的短语。
中考英语词义猜测题解题技巧
词义猜测题是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。
其常见的提问方式有：1. The word “…” means ___ in Chinese.2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to ____?3. The word “…” could best be replaced by ______.4. In Para2, the underlined word/ s entence “…” means/ refers to _____.解答这类题目的常见技巧：1. 通过语境猜测词义。
通过文章主题和上下文的逻辑关系，来推测出生词或句子的含义。
要求词不离句，句不离篇。
从对两种事物或现象进行对比的描述中，推断出词义来。
2. 根据定义猜测词义。
定义的形式通常有：用一个句子或段落给生词定义，使用破折号、冒号后面的内容或引号、括号中的内容对生词加以解释或定义。
3. 通过经验及生活常识猜测词义。
在阅读文章的基础上利用自己对日常生活的理解和判断来完成对单词的猜测。
例如：T he famous fat and lazy cat Garfield is coming to China. In the “Garfield The Movie”, Garfield acts with real actors. He will make you laugh with clever and funny words. Sometimes he’s not friendly to his ower John Arbuckle. One day, John brings Odie, a dog, into his home. Odie is cute. He gets all John’s love. This turns Garfield’s world upside down. Garfield wants the dog out of the house and his life. One night, he kicks Odie out of the house. But later Garfield finds a TV star caught Odie! The man wants to use the dog in his shows. Garfield feels sorry for Odie. He thinks he’s wrong. He wants to make up for it. So Garfield gets off his favorite chair to try to save his friend.What does “make up” mean in this passage?A. 看笑话B. 弥补C. 哭泣D. 询问答案是B。
阅读理解词义猜测题的技巧
How to guess the meaning of words?
1.近义词，and , or , such as, like, for example, for instance 2.转折或对比关系 but，however，while，rather than, on the contrary 3.同位或解释关系以及描述 is，means，or...；that is， that is to say；in other words，to put it another way； be called，...is/are known as (被称为)，...can be defined as 4.因果关系 because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore, so … that, such … that 5.列举的实例 such as，for example， for instance，like 6.并列同类
(1)But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，that is drought． (2)It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is，it will break easily.
it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.
penguin，企
4．根据因果关系推测。
通过因果关系猜词，如because，as，since，for，so，thus， as a result，of course，therefore, so … that, such … that等表示
中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习
中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习猜测词义技巧练习姓名：日期：重难点讲解猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要，就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。
就象我们在看中文的文章时，并不是一碰到生词就去查字典，而是根据语境去猜测生词的。
我们读英语文章时，也应养成这样的习惯和能力。
技巧训练：要想提高猜测词义的能力，我们可从以下七个方法下意识地进行阅读。
1. 根据定义或解释说明猜测生词的词义在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，可根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。
例如：（1）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.（2）A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.你能猜出斜体部分单词的意思吗？mosquito是“蚊子”，carpenter是“木匠”。
怎么样？不难吧？有时，我们还可根据定语从句或同位语对其修饰的先行词的词义做出推测。
例如：His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不难猜出，zoologist就是“动物学家”的意思。
当看到文中的破折号“—”时，我们也应该留点神，因为它也可引出起解释说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。
如：Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers—those who can understand as well as speak many languages.这里，Polyglot指的是“懂而且会说多种语言的人”。
你猜出来了吗？2. 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比关系。
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析。
阅读技巧词义猜测题练习题及解析在阅读理解中，词义猜测题是考察学生对词汇的理解和推断能力的重要题型之一。
这类题目要求学生通过上下文的线索来猜测生词或难词的意思。
本篇文章将为大家提供一些词义猜测题的练习题及解析，帮助大家提高阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力。
练习题1:The teacher's explanation was so abstruse that most students couldn't understand it.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测abstruse的意思是：A. 简单的B. 复杂的C. 有趣的D. 无聊的解析：根据句子的描述，学生们无法理解老师的解释，因此我们可以推测abstruse的意思是“复杂的”(B)。
练习题2:The music performance was so captivating that the audience was entranced.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测captivating的意思是：A. 乏味的B. 平淡的C. 吸引人的D. 无趣的解析：根据句子描述，音乐表演非常吸引人，观众也被它迷住了，因此我们可以推测captivating的意思是“吸引人的”(C)。
练习题3:The hikers were thrilled when they reached the summit of the mountain.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测thrilled的意思是：A. 害怕的B. 高兴的C. 受惊吓的D. 失望的解析：根据句子描述，当登上山顶时，徒步旅行者们感到非常兴奋，因此我们可以推测thrilled的意思是“高兴的”(B)。
练习题4:The new employee's lackadaisical attitude towards work made his colleagues unhappy.根据上下文线索，我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是：A. 积极的B. 懒散的C. 无聊的D. 关心的解析：根据句子描述，新员工对工作的态度懒散，使得他的同事们不开心，因此我们可以推测lackadaisical的意思是“懒散的”(B)。
初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧
初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧初三英语阅读理解技巧：词义猜测题的解题技巧在初三英语的学习中，阅读理解是一个重要的部分，而词义猜测题则是阅读理解中的常见题型。
对于很多同学来说，这类题目可能具有一定的挑战性，但只要掌握了正确的解题技巧，就能轻松应对。
接下来，我将为大家详细介绍初三英语阅读理解中词义猜测题的解题技巧。
一、通过上下文语境猜测词义上下文语境是猜测词义最常用也是最有效的方法之一。
在阅读过程中，我们可以通过前后的句子、段落来推断生词的含义。
例如，如果生词前后出现了解释说明的语句，那么这些语句往往能帮助我们理解词义。
比如：“The term ‘ecosystem’ refers to a communityof living organisms and their environment ”在这个句子中，“refers to”后面的内容就是对“ecosystem”这个词的解释，即“生态系统是指生物群落及其环境”，从而我们可以理解“ecosystem”的意思。
再比如，有时候上下文会通过对比、类比的方式来暗示生词的词义。
如果文中提到“A is different from B B is known as a kind of vehicle, whileA is a tool used for writing ”那么我们就可以推测出 A 可能是某种书写工具。
此外，上下文的逻辑关系也能为词义猜测提供线索。
比如因果关系、转折关系等。
如果文中说“Although he was very tired, he still insisted on working ”通过“although”所表示的转折关系，我们可以猜测“insisted on”可能有“坚持”的意思。
二、利用构词法猜测词义英语中有很多单词是通过构词法构成的，了解常见的构词法可以帮助我们猜测词义。
前缀和后缀是常见的构词元素。
比如“un”“dis”“in”等前缀通常表示否定；“ful”“less”“able”“ous”等后缀可以改变单词的词性和意思。
初三中考英语阅读理解专题之猜测词义解题技巧讲义教案(含练习答案)
学员编号：年级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型T C T 阅读猜测词义能力教学目标通过本节了解和熟悉猜测词义的几种技巧星级★★★★授课日期及时段教学内容能力T-猜测词义（建议3 分钟）⏹green hand⏹lady bird⏹big potato⏹john看到上面几个词组了吗，你知道他们分别是什么意思吗？真的如图片所示吗？（建议20 分钟）巧猜词义技巧大突破一、考察形式猜测词义的能力属于英语的基本能力之一。
具体到考试题型上，在单项选择、完型填空、首字母填空、阅读理解等题型上都会有体现，尤其是阅读类题目，对陌生单词意思的猜测和对熟词生义的理解都是会直接影响到对文章的理解。
阅读理解题型往往会以如下形式进行考察。
1.What does the word “…” refer to?2.The underlin ed word “…” is the closest in meaning to ______.3.By saying that“…”, the author means that ___.看到这样的题目，就知道，若是不能理解所指单词意思，那就是失分喽！二、猜词方法大突破前面一开始我们猜测了几个单词的意思，现在我们在有上下文语境的情况下，你猜的对不对。
⏹On the way to the factory, Jack sang a pop song happily. Because it is the first day for him to work，When he was working, he talked with his comrade. Suddenly, the machine broke down because of his carelessness. Jack was afraid of the blame of his boss. His comrade told him, “Take it easy, you are a green hand.”⏹Do you like a lady bird? It is not a kind of bird. It is a insect（昆虫）. It can fly. Its wings are red. It is verysmall.⏹Tom is a great man. Tom is treated as a big potato.⏹Tim drank too much water last night, so he went to visit john twice.【讲解】一个完全陌生的单词，或者一个熟悉的单词怎么都看不出啥意思？为什么？缺乏上下文的语境，一个单词，尤其是在文章中出现的单词，其前后句子或单词在意义上和语法上都会与其相联系。
阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习
阅读理解中的词义猜测技巧及练习阅读理解是学习过程中必不可少的一项技能，而在阅读理解过程中，词义猜测是非常重要的一环。
通过正确猜测词义，我们能更好地理解文章内容，提高阅读效果。
本文将介绍一些词义猜测的技巧，并提供一些练习。
一、从上下文推测词义在阅读理解中，我们可以通过上下文的线索来推测生词的词义。
上文或下文中的其他单词、短语、句子可以提供关于生词意义的信息。
例如：1. 同义词法推测：当遇到一个生词时，我们可以寻找上下文中是否有与其意思相近的词，从而推测出生词的意义。
比如，当我们遇到"tiny"这个生词，而在上文中提到了"small"这个词，我们可以推测出"tiny"的意思是非常小的。
2. 反义词法推测：有时，我们可以通过寻找上下文中的反义词来推测生词的意义。
例如，当遇到"happy"这个生词时，在上文中提到了"unhappy"，我们可以推测"happy"的意思是快乐的。
3. 举例法推测：在阅读理解中，有时会出现对生词进行解释的例子。
例如，当遇到一个生词"pessimistic"时，下文中提到了"always seeing the negative side"，我们可以推测出"pessimistic"的意思是看问题时总是看到负面的。
二、根据词缀推测词义词缀是词根的前缀或后缀，可以给出单词的一些含义线索。
通过熟悉常见的词缀，我们可以在阅读理解中更准确地猜测生词的意义。
例如：1. 前缀推测：当遇到以"un-"作为前缀的生词时，我们可以推测出它们有否定的意思。
比如，"unclear"的意思是不清楚的，"unhappy"的意思是不快乐的。
2. 后缀推测：当遇到以"-ful"作为后缀的生词时，可以推测出它们表示充满某种特性或具有某种特性。
2022年中考复习阅读解题技巧分析：词义猜测类
阅读理解题型专讲专练之三：【词义猜测题】常见的解题方法：（一）上下文线索猜测词义任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken（1）The climate of the west coast is the most moderate ( )in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.（2）All the houses in the city collapsed ( ) during the earthquake.（3）For people who live within a stone’s throw ( ) from the office to be late to work is unforgivable（4）The conflagration( ) was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义阅读文章中的有些生词尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, refer to, to mean ,in other words等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习猜测词义技巧练习姓名：日期：重难点讲解猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要，就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。
就象我们在看中文的文章时，并不是一碰到生词就去查字典，而是根据语境去猜测生词的。
我们读英语文章时，也应养成这样的习惯和能力。
技巧训练：要想提高猜测词义的能力，我们可从以下七个方法下意识地进行阅读。
1. 根据定义或解释说明猜测生词的词义在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，可根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。
例如：（1）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.（2）A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.你能猜出斜体部分单词的意思吗？mosquito是“蚊子”，carpenter是“木匠”。
怎么样？不难吧？有时，我们还可根据定语从句或同位语对其修饰的先行词的词义做出推测。
例如：His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不难猜出，zoologist就是“动物学家”的意思。
当看到文中的破折号“—”时，我们也应该留点神，因为它也可引出起解释说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。
如：Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers—those who can understand as well as speak many languages.这里，Polyglot指的是“懂而且会说多种语言的人”。
你猜出来了吗？2. 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比关系。
根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。
如：（1）Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.grubby是什么意思呢？和clean相对，便是“肮脏的”了。
（2）John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things ; his wife, however, is very thrifty. 和wastes a lot of money相对比，thrifty就是“节俭的”意思。
3. 通过因果关系猜测词义because , since与as是连结原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连结表示结果的并列句的连词，so...that与such...that中的that是连结结果状语从句的。
当这些信息词出现在有生词的句中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分，就能猜出生词的词义。
例如：（1）She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.根据后边的原因，我们就可推测出trim就是“修剪”的意思。
right ? Ok, it’s your turn.看看你能否正确猜出下句中斜体词的意思。
（2）The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.根据that引导的结果状语从句，可以猜出，turbid的意思是“浑浊的”。
你猜对了吗？4. 根据生活常识猜测词义运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识，根据上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。
下面文字中斜体单词的词义你能猜出来吗？（1）Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.（2）Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们：wings是“翅膀”；beaks是“喙”；claws是“爪子”；wither表示“枯萎”。
5. 根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。
明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。
例如：（1）At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.（2）Are people born intelligent or stupid? 你能根据同等关系猜出斜体词的意思吗？从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy，可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。
从选择连词or“还是”以及与intelligent处于同等位置的stupid“愚蠢的”可以猜测intelligent是“聪明的”意思。
6. 根据列举的事例猜测词义如：You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.从后面列举的例子可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。
7. 根据构词法知识猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
如：The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.根据构词法和我们已熟悉的词forget，我们可以知道unforgettable就是“令人难忘的”意思。
【典型例题】猜测词义技巧练习：根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义。
1. John drives too fast , and he often drives in the middle of the street. He doesn’t watch what the other cars are doing. He is a reckless driver.A. very carefulB. very carelessC. very harmfulD. very harmless2. When Glen finished college，he couldn’t find a job. Then his luck changed. A big engineering company hired him.A. give him a jobB. paid himC. told him to stop workingD. told him about his future3. A computer is a complex machine. It is not simple.A. simpleB. complicatedC. beautifulD. expensive4. Children like to play with water . After it rains , they will walk in every puddle they can find.A. rainfallB. water sitting in the streetC. snowD. a small river5. Chicken pox can be very serious for a child who is not in good health. The child develops red spots , and feels hot and uncomfortable . A healthy child gets well quickly.A. a kind of animalB. a kind of foodC. a kind of childhood diseaseD. a lack of pure water6. Ali showed the class a picture of him, his wife , and their baby . Pierre’s family has lived in the east of Canada for two hundred years . Their ancestors came from France.A. family members from a long time ago.B. grandparents and their grandchildren.C. parents, grandparents and great-grandparents.D. family members all living at the same time7. Some Africans carve beautiful human and animal figures out of wood．They sell their carvings to stores and museums．A. drawB. beatC. heatD. cut8. When an army officer gives a command, his men and women must fo1low it.A. commaB. orderC. questionD. present9. The offspring of a pair of birds leave the nest when they are big enough to fly.A. childrenB. ancestorsC. generationsD. mates10. There is a stack o f papers on Mr. Green’s desk.A. pieceB. balanceC. mixtureD. pile11. I cannot afford a new car. I have to buy a used one.A. have enough money to buy somethingB. search forC. gather the necessary informationD. use one in an emergency12. The speed limit is 60 kilometers per hour on this street.A. fastB. slowC. anD. even though13. Before you buy something，check the quality first. For example, if it is cheap, it might not be good.A. how good it isB. what the color isC. what the size isD. how big it is14. Please give me your recipe for this cake , so I can make it too.A. a dishB. directions for cookingC. a mealD. directions to your house15. Water, oil and coffee are examples of a liquid.A. something you can drinkB. something you can burnC. something you can pourD. something from plants16. The weather in Xiamen is hot and humid. A desert is dry.A. wetB. dryC. coldD. windy17. Before a baby learns to walk, it has to crawl on the floor.A. walk on two feetB. flyC. sit in a chairD. move on the hands and knees18. Coffee originally came from Ethiopia. Now many tropical countries grow it.A. nowB. in the futureC. in the beginningD. at present19. The scalp covers the head. Hair grows out of it.A. a kind of hatB. the color of hairC. a cloth over the headD. the skin on the head20. It is a mystery why some people can learn language very easily and others have great difficulty.A. something easy to understandB. something no one understandsC. something beautifulD. something terrible21. Danish and Norwegian are similar languages. If you speak one, you can understand theother. A. difficult B. almost the same C. easy D. very different22. This is a glass of pure milk. There is nothing but milk in the glass.A. coldB. warmC. whiteD. 100%23. Mr. Brown is an amateur photographer. He is an engineer. But in his free time he likes to take pictures. A. as a hobby B. for money C. as a job D. as work24. This small Christmas tree is made of plastic. It is not a real tree. It is artificial.A. beautifulB. not naturalC. for a special holidayD. in an art museum25. Ronald Amundsen was a great explorer. He was the first person to reach the South Pole.A. a person who works in international business and travels a lotB. a place that is difficult to findC. something that an airplane carriesD. a person who looks for new places and information about them26. Some people like to keep a journal. They write in it every day. They write about what they did , what happened , and what they thought.A. a magazine about scientific researchB. a textbookC. a sports magazineD. a notebook about their daily activities27. Farmers raise cattle for beef and milk.A. pigsB. horsesC. sheepD. cows28. The doctor gave me some medicine. It will cure my sickness.A. make worseB. make sickC. make betterD. make lighter29. The kiwi lays the largest eggs in the world. The strange thing about the kiwi is that it cannot fly.A. a kind of fishB. a kind of catC. a kind of rockD. a kind of bird30. When the hurricane hit the coast, it blew down buildings and trees.A. the dry seasonB. a huge truckC. high waterD. a powerful windstorm【模拟试题】（一）A well-known old man was being interviewed（采访）and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety—ninth birthday.“That’s right.”said the old man. “Ninety—nine years old, and I haven’t an enemy in the world. They’re all dead.”“Well, sir,”said the interviewer, “I hope very much to have the honour of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.”The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, “I can’t see why you shouldn’t. You look fit and healthy to me!”1. The old man said he had not an enemy in the world, which shows that he was a very .A. friendly man he never made any enemiesB. healthy man he lived longer than all his enemiesC. lucky man his enemies had all diedD. terrible man he had got rid of all his enemies2. When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honour of interviewing the old man again the following year, .A. he was trying to make the old man happyB. he wished he himself would live another yearC. he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundredD. he did not believe he would interview the old man again3. When the old man said “I can’t see why you shouldn’t ”, what he meant was:A. “You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.”B. “Of course, you can see me again since you’re so fit and healthy.”C. “If I live to a hundred years, you should interview me again.”D. “Unless you live another year, you wouldn’t be able to interview me again.”4. What kind of man would you say the old man was?A. He was silly.B. He was unpleasant.C. He was very proud and sure of his health.D. He was very impolite to young people.（二）Joe and Helen Mills had two small children. One was six and the other four. They always resisted going to bed, and Helen was always complaining（抱怨）about this and asking Joe for help. But as he did not come home until after they had gone, to bed during the week, he was unable to help except at weekends.Joe considered himself a good singer, but really his voice was not at all musical. However, he decided that, if he sang to the children when they went to bed, it would help them to relax, and they would soon go to sleep.He did this every Saturday and Sunday night until he heard his small son whispered to his younger sister, “If you pretend that you’re asleep, he stops.”1. The children always resisted going to bed, which .A. made Helen suffer a lotB. satisfied their motherC. Helen was not satisfied withD. gave Helen much trouble2. The husband couldn’t help the wife to look after the children .A. because he returned from work too lateB. since his voice sounded like a sin ger’sC. except on Saturday and SundayD. for he did not come home until after the children had gone to bed weekends3. Joe worked .A. all the week including Saturday and SundayB. during the week including the weekendsC. every day but Saturday and SundayD. every week except on Sunday4. Which of the following conclusions can we draw from the above story?A. Joe’s song did help the children to relax.B. With Joe’s help, the children went to sleep.C. The wife must be thankful to her husband for the great help.D. The children were so tired of their father’s voice that they pretended to be asleep.5. This joke tells about .A. Joe and HelenB. Helen’s troubleC. Joe’s fooleryD. the bright idea of the two small children二、英语书面表达专项训练2．马上要初中毕业了，大家都是依依不舍的。