3.名词性从句

名词性从句

名词性从句在句中的作用相当于名词,顾名思义，就是用句子充当名词才能充当的功能

（一）主语从句

China is a great country.

Whether we get enough money is a question.

主语从句在句中作主语，它可以放在主句谓语动词之前，但是当主语从句太长时，同是把它放在句子后部，前面用it作形式主语，如：

That Taiwan belongs to China is well known.

It is well known that Taiwan belongs to China.

（二）表语从句

He is a teacher.

This is what I want to see.

表语从句在句中作表语，位于主句系动词之后。

（三）宾语从句

I don’t know the news.

I don’t know where he has gong.

I will give the book to whoever comes first.

宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词宾语。

（四）同位语从句

He himself went to the village.

We love you,motherland.

He made a promise that he would buy him a car.

同位语从句一般跟在某些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有：idea，news，fact，promise，answer，belief，doubt，fear，hope，problem，proof，question，reply，report，suggestion，thought，truth等。

名词性从句的引导词：

单词词义在词中所充当的成分连词that / /

if / whether 是否/

连接代词what (ever) (无论)什么主、宾、表which (ever) （无论）哪个主、宾、定who (ever) （无论）谁主、、宾、表whom (ever) （无论）谁宾

whose (ever) （无论）谁的定

连接副词when 什么时候状where 在哪里状why 为什么状how 怎样状

3. 找出下列句子中的从句并辨别种类：

1）Whether a new airport will be built hasn’t been decided.

2）Our difficulty is where we can find a ladder.

3）That the player got the first place made us excited.

4）He pretended that he was innocent.

5）What I think about is whether I should help him.

6）I was amazed at the news that he failed in the exam.

7) It worries all the parents most that their children oftne chat on the Internet.

8) It was a matter of who should get the amount of money.

9) We don't’ doubt that he can do a good job of it.

10) We have no doubt that he can do a good job of it.

名词性从句的语序: 陈述语序

1. Can you tell me _________________ then?

A. what were you thinking of

B. what you were thinking of

2. Can you tell me _______________________?

A. what is the matter with you

B. what the matter is with you

区别what与that

探究: what与that在从句中的句法功能有何不同？

What在从句中作句子成分，有含义，而that没有含义，不作句子成分。

1）________ she would come at once surprised all of us.

2）Please tell me____ has happened to her.

3）He did ___ he could to save the drowning girl.

4）The exhausted soldiers slept on ___ we called “kang”.

5）The fact is ____ we can’t be free that day.

6）After _ seemed an hour ,he came to life.

7）She doesn’t know ____ ___ she will do with his summer vacation.

8) Air is to us what water is to fish.

（固定句型）译：__________________________

【高考链接】：（2007 全国）_________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. What

B. Which

C. That

D. Where

（三）区别if 与whether

1) _____ we will go picnicking depends on _whether_ it will be rainy.

2) I have no idea _ __ he will come to the party.

3) The question is __ __ he will come to the party.

4) I don’t care _ _ he will attend the meeting or not.

5) He can’t decide ___ _ to stay here another day.

6) He can’t decide __ __ he’ll stay here another day.

【高考链接】：（2006 江苏）We haven’t settled the question of _________ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

A. if

B. whether

C. where

D. that

须使用whether的情况

①主、表、同位从句用whether ②介词宾语用whether

③whether与or not 连用④不定式前用whether