2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷以及解析答案汇总(2科)
word．（ ）
A ．what； that
B ．that； what
C． what； what
D． that； that
Ⅱ、完型填空（共 2 小题；每小题 10 分，满分 20 分）
16．（ 10 分）"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence ．" Thats an old （ 1）
for a while
第 3 页（共 59 页）
and then said， "I have no advice to give ． The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one
of you ． " The manager， returning to the restaurant （ 4）
B ． when
C． where
D． which
（3） A． that
B ． if
C． why
D． whether
（4） A． however
B ． besides
C． instead
D． then
（5） A． and
B ． so
C． but
D． or
（6） A． still
B ． never
C． always
him_____ ．（ ）
A ．successful； success
B ． successful； successfully
C． successfully； success
D ．successfully； successful
15．（ 1 分） She was so angry at _______ he was doing _______ she walked out without a
2019年呼和浩特市中考数学试卷(解析版)
2019年呼和浩特市中考数学试卷（解析版）一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分）1.如右图，检测排球，其中质量超过标准的克数记为正数，不足的克数记为负数，下面检测过的四个排球，在其上方标注了检测结果，其中质量最接近标注的一个是（ ）2.甲骨文是我国的一种古代文字，下面是“北”“比”“鼎”“射”四个字的甲骨文，其中不少轴对称的是（ ）3.二次函数2ax y =与一次函数a ax y +=在同一坐标系中的大致图象可能是（ ）4.已知菱形的边长为3，较短的一条对角线的长为2，则该菱形较长的一条对角线的长为（ ） A.22 B.52 C.24 D.1025.某学校近几年来通过“书香校园”主题系列活动，倡导学生整本阅读纸质课外书籍，下面的统计图是该校2013年至2018年纸质书人均阅读量的情况，根据统计图的信息，下列推断不合理的是（ ）A.从2013年到2016年，该校纸质书人均阅读量逐年增长B.2013年至2018年，该校纸质书人均阅读量的中位数是46.7本C.2013年至2018年，该校纸质书人均阅读量的极差是45.3本D.2013年至2018年，该校后三年纸质书人均阅读量总和是前三年纸质书人均阅读量总和的2倍6.若不等式x x -≤-+21352的解集中x 的每一个值都能使关于x 的不等式)(255)1(3x m x x ++>+-成立，则m 的取值范围是（ ） A.53->m B.51-<m C.53m -< D.51->m 7.右图是一个几何体的三视图，其中主视图与左视图完全一样，则这个几何体的表面积是（ ）A.80-2πB.80+4πC.80D.80+6π8.若21,x x 是医一元二次方程032=-+x x 的两个实数根，则1742122+-x x 的值为（ ）A. -2B. 6C. -4D.49.已知正方形的对称中心在坐标原点，顶点A 、B 、C 、D 按逆时针一次排列，若A 点的坐标为（2，3），则B 点与D 点的坐标分别为（ ）A.（-2，3），（2，-3）B.（-3，2），（3，-2）C.（-3，2），（2，-3）D.），（22127-,），（221-27 10.以下四个命题①用换元法解分式方程112122=+++-x x x x 时，如果设y xx =+12，那么可以将原式方程化为关于y 的整式方程022=-+y y ；②如果半径为r 的圆的内接正五边形边长为a ，那么a=2rcos54°；③有一个圆锥，与底面圆直径是3且体积为23π的圆柱等高，如果这个圆锥的侧面积展开图是半圆，那么它的母线长为34；④二次函数122+-=ax ax y ，自变量的两个值21,x x ，对应的函数值分别为21,y y ，若|1||1|21->-x x ，则0)(21>-y y a ，其中正确的命题的个数为（ ）A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个二、填空题（每小题3分，共10分）11.因式分解：=-324y y x .12.下面三个命题：①底边和顶角对应相等的两个等腰三角形全等；②两边及其中一边上的中线对应相等的两个三角形全等；③斜边和斜边上的中线对应相等的两个直角三角形全等.其中正确的命题的序号为 .13.同时掷两枚质地均匀的骰子，则至少有一枚骰子的中点数是6这个随机事件的概率为 .14.关于x 的方程02)1(12=--+-x m mx m 如果是一元二次方程，则其解为 .15.已知正方形ABCD 的面积是2，E 为正方形一边BC 在从B 到C 方向的延长线上的一点，若CE=2，连接AE ，与正方形另外一边CD 交于点F ，连接BF 并延长，与线段DE 交于点G ，则BG 的长为 .16.对任意实数a ，若多项式22352a ab b +-的值总大于-3，则实数B 的取值范围是 .三、解答题（本大题共9小题，满分72分）17.（10分）计算：（1）（5分）计算：2-3-11-12343-211）（）（）（⨯+÷（2）（5分）先化简，再求值：)(32352222y x x x y x y x y x -÷-+-+）（，其中21,33==y x .18.（6分）如图，在△ABC 中，内角A 、B 、C 所对应的边分别为c b a 、、.（1）若a=6,b=8,c=12,请直接写出∠A 与∠B 的和与∠C 的大小关系；（2）求证：△ABC 的内角和等于180°；（3）若c c b a c b a a )(21++=+-，求证：△ABC 是直角三角形.19.(6分)用分配法求一元二次方程(2x+3)(x-6)=16的实数根.20.(7分)如图，已知甲地在乙地的正东方向，因有大山阻隔，由甲地到乙地需要绕行丙地.已知丙地位于甲地北偏西30° 方向，距离甲地460km ，丙地位于乙地北偏东66°方向，现要打通穿山隧道，建成甲乙两地直达高速公路，如果将甲、乙、丙三地当作三个点A 、B 、C ，可抽象成图（2）所示的三角形，求甲乙两地之间直达高速线路的长AB.（结果用含非特殊角的三角函数和根式表示即可）.21.(9分)镇政府想了解对王家村进行“精准扶贫”一年来村民的经济情况，统计员小李用简单随机抽样的方法，在全村130户家庭中随机抽取20户，调查过去一年的收入（单位：万元），从而去估计全村家庭年收入情况.已知调查得到的数据如下：1.9 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.52.7 2.1 1.5 0.92.6 2.0 2.1 1.0 1.8 2.2 2.43.2 1.3 2.8为了便于计算，小李在原数据的每个数上都减去1.5，得到下面第二组数：0.4 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0 1.2 0.6 0 -0.61.1 0.5 0.6 -0.5 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.7 -0.2 1.3（1）请你用小李得到的第二组数计算这20户家庭的平均年收入，并估计全村年收入及全村家庭年收入超过1.5万元的百分比。
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷以及解析答案汇总(2科)
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语试卷第一卷（选择题，共计85分）Ⅰ、单项选择：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．（1分）We usually go swimming in_____summer．But in____summer of 2018，we didn't．（）A．/；/B．a；a C．/；the D．a；/2．（1分）﹣May I help you with some jeans，sir？﹣Yes，I′d like to try on those blue_____．（）A．one B．pair C．two D．ones3．（1分）﹣Jack，let′s have a picnic after school．﹣Sorry．I have_____Frank to work on the biology report with him．（）A．advised B．expected C．suggested D．promised4．（1分）_____me an email before you come to Hohhot，and I'll meet you at the train station．（）A．Send B．Sending C．To send D．Sent5．（1分）﹣Did you call Michael back？﹣I didn' t need to，_____I'll see him tomorrow．（）A．unless B．because C．when D．though6．（1分）Sitting down after a walk is relaxing．But would you like to sit on a seat____tells you your weight？（）A．/B．who C．whom D．that7．（1分）Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River．great courage he showed!（）A．What a B．What C．How a D．How8．（1分）Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily_____the windows．（）A．against B．across C．above D．below9．（1分）I really need to take more exercise because I'm_____ weight．（）A．putting down B．putting onC．putting off D．putting away10．（1分）﹣Will you do any cleaning in the park this Sunday？﹣______!I do so every Sunday．（）A．Nice work B．No shoutingC．You bet D．In with a chance11．（1分）﹣He is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane．﹣What？I have never heard of idea before．（）A．a crazier B．the crazierC．a craziest D．the craziest12．（1分）The shop in Wanda Square _______ for six years，but I ______ there so far．（）A．has opened；haven't goneB．has been open；haven't beenC．has been open；haven't goneD．has been opened；haven't been13．（1分）It is wise____Linda to make up her mind____to play an instrument．（）A．for；learning B．for；to learnC．of；learning D．of；to learn14．（1分）Frederick_____entered the final competition last month．His hobby has brought him_____．（）A．successful；successB．successful；successfullyC．successfully；successD．successfully；successful15．（1分）She was so angry at _______ he was doing _______ she walked out without a word．（）A．what；that B．that；what C．what；what D．that；thatⅡ、完型填空（共2小题；每小题10分，满分20分）16．（10分）"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence．" Thats an old （1）in English．It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place in （2）you live．Some people worry （3）young Chinese are beginning to feel that way．They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and，（4），buying Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating Western holidays．Foreign books and soap operas are good，（5）Chinese writers and actors are just as good．As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can （6）have the meaning for Chinese that the Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with the Mid﹣autumn Festival．And let′s not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best （7）friendliness．Not all countries are as （8）as China．It's good to enjoy other cultures and （9）from them，but they cannot replace your own culture．It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but （10）you takea good long look．You will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of thefence．（1）A．word B．saying C．sentence D．rule（2）A．that B．when C．where D．which（3）A．that B．if C．why D．whether（4）A．however B．besides C．instead D．then（5）A．and B．so C．but D．or（6）A．still B．never C．always D．ever（7）A．they B．Their C．it D．its（8）A．warm B．warmer C．cold D．colder（9）A．learns B．learning C．in learning D．to learn（10）A．make up B．make up of C．make sure D．be sure to 17．（10分）A restaurant had once fallen upon hard times．Only five （1）were left；the manager and four others，all over 60 years old．In the town near the restaurant there lived a successful businessman who was good at managing business，so the manager （2）to ask the businessman if he could offer any advice that might save the restaurant．The manager and the businessman talked for a long period of time，but when he was asked for advice，the businessman （3）for a whileand then said，"I have no advice to give．The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you．"The manager，returning to the restaurant （4）．told the other people what the businessman had said．In the months that （5），the old restaurant workers thought carefully of the words of the businessman，"The saver is one of us？they asked themselves．As they thought about this possibi lity，they all began to treat each other with （6）respect（尊重）．And thinking that each of themselves might be the saver，they also began to treat themselves with more care．As time went by，people coming to the restaurant （7）that some respect and warm kindness were around the five old members of the small restaurant．Hardly knowing （8），more people began to come back to the restaurant．They began to bring their friends，and theirs brought more friends．Two （9）later，the small restaurant had once again become a big food company．thanks to the businessman's （10）．They understood that it was they themselves that were the savers．（1）A．cooks B．waiters C．members D．customers（2）A．hoped B．began C．allowed D．decided（3）A．stopped B．refused C．rested D．laughed（4）A．angrily B．hopefully C．lively D．nervously（5）A．following B．followed C．going D．gone（6）A．strange B．similar C．strong D．special（7）A．received B．advised C．felt D．wished（8）A．what B．how C．why D．when（9）A．years B．days C．hours D．minutes（10）A．advice B．words C．methods D．successⅢ.阅读理解:(共5小题;每小题10分,满分50分）18．（10分）Do you want a job in the holidays？Just go for it．First，you need to know what kind of job is suitable for your age and interest．If you're l3 to 15．It seems that you can't work almost anywhere，but you're probably allowed to clean your neighbours' cars or walk their dogs．There is no lowest wage（工资）for children under 16．By law，you can't work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays．And you can't work before 7am or after 7pm．If you''re 16 to17The lowest wage for 16～17﹣year﹣old teenagers should be no less than seven dollars per hour．You can't work in a pub or bar，but you can work in many other places．By law，you can′t work more than 40 hours each week．What jobs are out there？Obviously your choices are limited（限制）by the fact that you can only work during school holidays，but the following situations are fine．At Chrstmas，most shops are short of hands，so you may find something to do there．In autumn，there′s always fruit picking．It can be pretty hard work，but it pays really well．If you're mad about football，you can choose to work in a sports shop or help out at a local football club．No matter how much you are paid，you are doing what you like．（1）In the school holidays，14﹣year﹣old kids．A．can work any where they wantB．are not allowed to work aloneC．can′t go to work at nightD．can work as long as 14 hours a day（2）How much can a 16﹣year﹣old kid be paid at least in two hours？A．21 dollars．B．17 dollars．C．14 dollars．D．7 dollars．（3）If you want to clean cars for others，you should at least be．A.16B.15C.14D.13（4）According to the passage，fruit picking is．A．not right for childrenB．tiring but pays wellC．better than other jobsD．more interesting to girls（5）According to the passage，which statement is true？A．If you are 17 years old，you′re not allowed to walk the dog for your neighbour．B．Teenagers can choose their jobs aocording to their interest．C．Fruit Picking pays well because there are fewer people to pick it．D．Only a football fan is allowed to work in a foot ball club．19．（10分）A new study finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online．Susannah Fox from the Pew Internet Project says doctors are still the main source of health information．But the study found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion．He says，"People are sort of fact﹣checking what they have heard from a doctor．Our studies show that people are still very likely to turn to a health doctor when they need a diagnosis（诊断）or are planning a treatment．"Forty percent of people are actually looking for doctors or other providers when they search for health information online．Two thirds of Internet users look online for information about a certain disease or medical condition．The Internet has also become an important source of spiritual support for people with health problems．Susannah Fox says one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition．A disease is considered uncommon if it affects（侵袭）fewer than 200，000 peopleworldwide．The rise of social networking has made it easier for people with uncommondiseases to connect with each other and feel less alone．Socal networking is also changing the way some doctors and patients com municate with each other．Dr Jeff Livingston operates a medical centre for women in Irving，Texas．His office uses password﹣protected software to share information with patients．He says the software has increased efficiency （效率），reduced costs and improved relations with patients．It has just changed the way we do health care．His medical centre also has a Facebook page，a MySpace page and a Twitter feed．（1）is one of the most popular ways people look for health information．A．Asking their parentsB．The Pew Internet ProjectC．Searching onlineD．Reading books on medicine（2）What makes people search for health information online？A．People's interests in health．B．People's health condition．C．Importance of the Internet．D．The rise of online treatment．（3）From the fourth paragraph we know that．A．people with health problems go online to look for the new treatmentB．people with health problems try to share their experience with others onlineC．people with health problems encourage each other online to fight against diseases D．Internet becomes a place for people with health problems to reduce worries（4）According to Paragraph 5，social networking．A．becomes a new way for doctors and patients to communicate with each other B．encourages people to get more help from doctors online in timeC．helps people to get more confidence about the treatment of their diseasesD．makes people easier to know more about what their diseases are（5）What can we infer（推断）from the last paragraph？A．Internet is an easy way for doctors to treat their patients．B．Doctors should change their way to treat their patients．C．Facebook，MySpace and Twitter become efficient tools for doctors．D．Most patients would like to ask their doctors for help online now．20．（10分）One day a young man was standing in a crowded place，shouting that he had the most beautiful heart in the world．Most of the people who saw his heart were amazed at the beauty of his heart．It had no little flaw（瑕疵）．Suddenly，an old man appeared and said，"Oh，my son，your heart is not as beautiful as mine．"The old man showed his heart to the young man．It was beating strongly，but full of scars．It had places where pieces had been removed and other pieces put in．But they didn' t fit quite right，and there were gaps and rough（崎岖不平的）edges．Some places had never been filled in．The young man laughed，"My dear old man，_______ Comparing your heart with mine，mine is perfect and yours is full of scars．"The old man said，"Dear boy，my heart is just as beautiful as your heart．You see each scar shows where I have given my love．Sometimes people give me a piece of their heart back，and it fills the space as best it can．Other times，I give my love and get nothing in return．Those are the empty spaces．They hurt，but they show me that I can love and love again．"The young man stood still．His eyes were filled with tears．He walked up to the old man，tore a piece of his heart and gave the piece to the old man．The old man placed it in his heart，and then took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound in the young man's heart．The young man looked at his heart，not perfect any more but more beautiful than ever．（1）The underlined word "scar" means""in Chinese．A．疤痕B．隔阂C．斑点D．补丁（2）Which of the following can be put in""？A．I quite agree with you！B．it's against the rules！C．are you joking？D．what can I do for you？（3）How did the young man feel after he heard what the old man said？A．Surprised．B．Touched．C．Nervous．D．Proud．（4）what does the story want to tell us？A．We should be proud of who we are．B．We shouldn't think too much of ourselves．C．Nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it．D．Give our love，though we sometimes get nothing in return．（5）What's the best title for the passage？A．A Broken HeartB．The Most Beautiful HeartC．A Wise Old ManD．What is True Love？21．（10分）A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night′s sleep．But now a study has found it really does help people nod off﹣if it is milked from a cow at night．Researchers have discovered that" night milk" has more melatonin（褪黑激素），which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and less worried．In the study，mice were fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night by researchers from Seoul，South Korea．Those given night milk，which had 10 times the amount of melatonin，were less active and less worried than those fed with the milk collected during daytime，according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food．Night milk quicken the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer．While the effect of milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now，taking melatonin medicine has been suggested to those who are trying to fall asleep at night．Studies have also showed that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because there is calcium（钙）in it，which helps people to relax．Milk is also sugar﹣free because it is the least fattening．The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will have on your body at night．根据上文内容判断正（T）误（F）（1）According to the passage，the mice fed with daytime milk were less active．（2）The study has been tested on mice for ten times．（3）People with sleeping problems have been advised to drink milk collected during the night by researchers．（4）Milk is good for sleep because there is melatonin and calcium in it．（5）The writer shows the main idea of the passage by giving examples．22．（10分）A：Hello，Bob!How is it going？B：Hello，Kate!（1）And you？A：Very well．What's your plan for the summer？B：I had a Chinese course last year，and I'd like to go on with it this summer．A：How was the course？（2）B：Yes．It seemed that way at first．But after a while it became easier．A：You were the best in the class，right？B：I did get an A．Well，could you tell me your summer plan？（3）A：No，not this summer．（4）B：That sounds very interesting．Can I go with you？A：（5）Oh，here comes the bus!Goodbye!B：Goodbye!A．But I plan to go to Africa next summer．B．Will you travel somewhere interesting？C．Where do you come from？D．Is Chinese very difficult？E．I'm OK．F．Travelling is very expensive．G．No problem．第二卷（非选择题，共计35分）Ⅳ.用所给词或短语的适当形式填空:(共1小题;每小题10分，满分10分)23．（10分）（1）﹣Could I ask if you this to her till now？﹣Yes，but she refused to listen．（2）the usual activities，such as sailing and climbing，there was a writing class in the summer camp．（3）On a beach，run away from the sea and move quickly to ground when an earthquake happens．（4）In order to catch the early bus，we had to stop them．（5）As is known to all，who breaks the rules should be punished．（6）He asked for two leave to look after his sick father．（7）During the World War II，millions of lost their lives．（8）﹣Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting？﹣No decision yet．I think it after discussing with my PE teacher．（9）The students in Miss Wang's class are all to study hard to go to the university．（10）She won't leave the Tv set，her supper is on the table．V.阅读理解填词:(共10个空;每空1分,满分10分)24．（10分）Smartphones and e﹣readers have become more common in recent years．Some people think that the days of paper books will be gone．But recent surveys have shown that traditional books are still popular （1）a readers．Research company Nielsen found that in the UK，sales of e﹣books are （2）f while sales of paper books are rising．More surprisingly，it's young people who are buying the most physical books．Another survey of university students from the United States．Slovakia（斯洛伐克）and Japan also showed that 92 percent of （3）t preferred paperbooks．So what is（4）b paper book comeback（回归）？The most popular reason given was：I like to hold the product．It' s true that paper books bring a very different reading experience．Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books．Other students said that they could get a （5）s of accomplishment （成就）when they finished reading a paper book．Paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of reading．Many people like to sign their name on the（6）i cover．If the cover gets bent（弯曲）or there is a stain （污点）made on the pages from coffee，all the better．The （7）a make the book even more personal．It's as if readers of paper books make friends with them．This" friendship" people（8）d with books isn' t just sentimental（情感的）．Research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books （9）t e﹣books．People also more （10）e end up with headaches or sore eyes while reading e﹣books．So why not pick up a book and start reading？Ⅵ.初级写作:(满分15分)25．（15分）临近毕业，学校在学习小组内开展了初中阶段自评和组评活动，假设你是Rainbow小组的组长Zhang hong，请你为你的组员Li Ming进行综合素质的评价，写一份素质报告．内容包括：1．他的爱好；2．他的优点（两条）；3．他的缺点或存在的问题；4．你对他的建议（两条）．要求：1．表达清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯；2．要点必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥但不得出现真实班级、姓名等；3．词数：不少于80词（所给内容不计入总词数）．Li Ming is a member of my team called Rainbow．___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语试卷答案与解析第一卷（选择题，共计85分）Ⅰ、单项选择：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．【分析】我们通常在夏天去游泳．但是2018年的夏天，我们没去．【解答】根据句意：我们通常在夏天去游泳．但是2018年的夏天，我们没去．第一空泛指夏天，不加冠词；第二空特指2018年的夏天，用the．故选：C．【点评】熟悉冠词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．2．【分析】﹣﹣先生，我能帮您挑选牛仔裤吗？﹣﹣是的，我想试穿那些蓝色的牛仔裤．【解答】根据those blue可知用复数，代词ones代替jeans，句意：是的，我想试穿那些蓝色的牛仔裤．故选：D．【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答3．【分析】﹣杰克，放学后我们去野餐吧．﹣抱歉．我答应弗莱克和他一起做生物学报告．【解答】A表示建议，B表示期待、盼望，C表示建议，D表示承诺、允诺．根据题干中Sorry可知杰克不能放学后去野餐，因为他承诺弗莱克和他一起去做生物学报告，其中promise sb．to do sth．表示承诺某人做某事．故选：D．【点评】本题考查动词辨析，基础题，熟悉常见动词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．4．【分析】你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你．【解答】根据句意：你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你．可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头．故选：A．【点评】熟悉祈使句的用法，结合题意，给出答案．5．【分析】﹣你给迈克尔回电话了吗？﹣我没有必要．因为我明天会见到他．【解答】根据句意：﹣你给迈克尔回电话了吗？﹣我没有必要．因为我明天会见到他．结合选项，A．除非B．因为C．当…时D．虽然，选项B符合题意．故选：B．【点评】熟悉从属连词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．6．【分析】散步后坐下来是放松的．但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗？【解答】根据句意：散步后坐下来是放松的．但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗？可知考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是seat，指物．作主语，关系代词用that/which，故选：D．【点评】熟悉关系代词的基本用法，结合选项，给出答案．7．【分析】关董救了一位老太太走出长江．他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！【解答】从句意知，本题考查的是感叹句，由于courage是不可数名词，因此用感叹词What，故选：B．【点评】由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词．8．【分析】本正在帮他妈妈的忙，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上．【解答】against"反对、违反，对…不利（敲打）"；above"超过、在…下面"；below"在…下面、低于"；across"横穿"，四者都是介词，因make mistakes in "在…犯错误"．由题干" 本正在帮他妈妈的忙，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上．"可知，空格是"打"，用against，所以答案应是against．故选：A．【点评】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．9．【分析】我真的需要多锻炼因为我长胖了．【解答】put off"推迟"；put on"穿上；增加"；put down"放下"；put away"放好"．根据need to take more exercise 可知，因为我体重增加，所以需要减肥，故选：B．【点评】建议学生平时的学习中要注重总结一些常用的结构类似的短语，记忆他们的准确意义及其用法．10．【分析】这个星期天你会打扫公园吗？肯定!我每个星期天都这样做．【解答】考查情境对话．A．Nice work干得好；B．No shouting 不要喊；C．You bet肯定!D．In with a chance有机会．根据I do so every Sunday．可知应说当然!故选：C．【点评】首先迅速的浏览一遍对话，根据对话的情境，I do so every Sunday．结合选项作答．11．【分析】翻译：﹣﹣特技演员正计划在飞行的飞机机翼上走．﹣﹣什么？我以前从未听说过一个比这更疯狂的想法．【解答】根据句意"没有听过比这更疯狂的一个想法"，"听过的想法"与"这一个"比较是比较级，"一个"指"听过的想法"里的任何一个，表泛指，又crazier的第一个音是辅音，所以用a，故选：A．【点评】本题注意从两点分析，一是比较级判断，二是冠词的使用，做题时需要分析全面．12．【分析】万达广场的商店已经开了六年了，但到目前为止我还没有去过．【解答】答案：B．考查动词短语．第一个空，由so far到目前为止．可知，现在完成时态．be open表示延续性动作．be的过去分词是been．A，D不正确．第二个空，have been 去过（已经回来了）．have gone去了（没回来）．结合语境"我还没有去过"，用haven't been．C 不正确．故选：B．【点评】考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的搭配．完成试题．13．【分析】对琳达来说明智的做法是下定决心学会演奏乐器．【解答】of"…的、由…组成的"；for"为、为了、对"，二者都是介词，learn"学习"是动词原形，它的不定式是to learn，它的动名词或现在分词是learning．因make up her mind to do sth ，因It's adj for/of sb to do sth．"对某人来说…样"，用for 是因为前面的adj是来描述do后面的sth．用of ，adj就用来形容sb的，it is adj of sb to do，这里的形容词是形容人的性格特征的，如nice，kind clever，foolish，smart，都是形容人的，it is adj for sb to do就是普通的形容词，如hard，impossible，important．由题干"对琳达来说明智的做法是下定决心学会演奏乐器．"可知，第一个空格用of；第二个空格是"学习"用不定式，用to learn，因此答案应是of；to learn．故选：D．【点评】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答14．【分析】弗雷德里克上个月成功参加了最后的比赛．他的爱好使他成功了．【解答】success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词；结合句意"弗雷德里克上个月成功参加了最后的比赛．他的爱好使他成功了"可知，前空要用副词作状语，后空用名词作宾语．故选：C．【点评】考查词意辨析，要牢记单词的词意及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．15．【分析】她对他所做的事很生气，以至于她一言不发地走了出去．【解答】根据句意：她对他所做的事很生气，以至于她一言不发地走了出去．第一空考查what引导的宾语从句；第二空考查so…that…如此…以至于…故选：A．【点评】熟悉关系代词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．Ⅱ、完型填空（共2小题；每小题10分，满分20分）16．【分析】这篇文章讲得是一则谚语：邻家芳草绿，隔岸风景好．同时，文章向我们提到，如果你的眼光放长远，会发现没有得到的东西未必更好．【解答】1．B 考查名词．句意："篱笆另一边的草看起来更绿"这是英语中一句古老的谚语．选项中，word意为"单词，话语"；saying意为"谚语"；sentence意为"句子"；rule意为"规则"，结合文意可知，这句话中蕴含着人生道理，可见不是一句单纯的话语，而是一句谚语，故选：B．2．D 考查定语从句关系词．句意：那句话意思是说，其他的地方看起来比你所居住的地方更好、更有趣．选项中，that意为"那个"；when意为"何时"；where意为"在哪儿"；which意为"哪一个"，此题考查定语从句中关系词的用法，定语从句修饰地点时，关系词通常用where，而where同样可以转换为in which，故选：D．3．A 考查宾语从句．句意：一些人担心中国的年轻人会开始那样想．选项中，that 意为"那个"；if意为"如果、是否"；why意为"为什么"；whether意为"是否"，结合句意可知，一些人担心年轻人那样想，所以填入"如果"、"是否"、"为什么"都不符合题意，故应选用that，此句为宾语从句，在宾语从句中，通常that不作为从句主要成分，故可省略，没有实际意义，故选：A．4．C 考查副词．句意：他们看到年轻人对中国文化无感，相反，却去买日本动漫书籍、观看韩国肥皂剧甚至是过西方的节假日．选项中，however意为"然而"；besides 意为"除…之外（还）"；instead意为"反而，代替，却"；then意为"那么"，结合句意，此处填入instead最为合适，意为"相反，反而"，故选：C．5．C 考查连词．句意：外国书籍和肥皂剧是很不错，但是中国的作家和演员同样很好．选项中，and意为"并且"；so意为"所以"；but意为"但是"；or意为"或者"，结合句子语境，填入but表示转折最为恰当，意为"但是"，故选：C．6．B 考查副词．句意：至于节假日，圣诞节是很好，但是它绝对没有春节在中国人心中的含义．选项中，still意为"仍然"；never意为"从不，绝不"；always意为"总是"；ever意为"曾经，在任何时候"，结合句子含义，再结合生活实际，我们知道，圣诞节是永远不会有春节在我们心中的地位高的，故选：B．7．D 考查形容词性物主代词．句意：不要忘了我最喜爱中国文化的那一部分：它的友爱！选项中，they意为"他们"；their意为"他们的"；it意为"它"；its意为"它的"，结合句意，作者提到，不要忘了他最喜爱的中国文化中的一部分：友爱！从句意中，我们可以了解到，这个友爱不是某个人的友爱，而是中国文化中的友爱，Chinese culture是不可数的，故要用it代替，而"中国文化的"，则用its来代替，故选：D．8．A 考查形容词．句意：不是所有的国家都和中国一样温暖．选项中，warm意为"温暖的"；warmer意为"更温暖的"；cold意为"寒冷的"；colder意为"更寒冷的"，结合前文，上一句话提到中国文化的友爱，所以说明中国很温暖，故排除C和D选项，而句中是as…as…结构，意为"和…一样…"，as和as之间，加上形容词和副词的原级，而非比较级，故选：A．9．D 考查动词．句意：喜爱其他文化，并且从中学习，这是好的现象．选项中，learn 意为学习，learns是其三单形式，learning是其动名词形式，in learning是一个介词短语，to learn是其动词不定式，题干处是一个形式主语：It is + adj + to do sth，意为"做某事是怎么样的"，故后面的动词，要用不定式结构，即to do sth，故选：D．10．C 考查动词短语．句意：看看篱笆另一边也是好的，但是要确保眼光足够好、足够长远．选项中，make up意为"化妆，构成"；make up of意为"由…构成"；make sure 意为"确保"；be sure to意为"确定去…"，结合选项和句意，此处填入make sure最为恰当，意为"确保"，故选：C【点评】面对此类题型，要学会灵活变化，从语法上、从上下文结构上解题，是主要的方式．17．【分析】本文通过一座饭店起死回生的故事说明，做事情要靠自己，要相信自己，搞好内部团结，才能干好事情．才能成功．【解答】1．C．考查名词．cooks厨师；waiters服务员；members 成员；customers顾客．根据语境可知，只有五名成员留了下来，即经理和其他四人．故选C．2．D考查动词．hoped希望；began 开始；allowed允许；decided决定．根据上文"In the town near the restaurant there lived a successful businessman who was good at managing business"可知，在这家饭店附近的城里住着一名很擅长经营的商人，因此经理决定去询问商人，他是否能提供任何建议，以便挽救这座饭店．故选D．3．A．考查动词．stopped 停止；refused 拒绝；rested休息；laughed大笑．根据语境可知，但是当商人被问及建议时，他停顿了一会儿．故选A．4．B．考查副词．angrily生气地；hopefully 有希望地；lively活泼地；nervously紧张地．根据上文"The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you"可知，我能告诉你的唯一事情是，拯救饭店的人是你们中的一个人．经理满怀希望地返回饭店，把商人说的话告诉其他人．故选B．5．B．考查动词．following（动名词）接下来的；followed（动词）跟从（服从；接着）；going（动名词）去；gone（过去分词）去．本句需要用动词作为从句的谓语，故知有B正确．句意：在接下来的几个月．故选B．6．C．考查形容词．strange奇怪的；similar 相似的；strong强壮的；special特殊的．根据语境可知，当他们考虑这种可能性时，他们都开始非常相互尊重．故选C．7．C．考查动词．received 收到；advised建议；felt 感觉；wished希望．根据语境可知，随着时间的过去，来饭店吃饭的人感觉到这个小饭店的五个成员存在着相互尊重和温情与善意．故选C．8．C．考查关系代词（副词）．what 什么；how 怎样；why为什么；when何时．根据语境可知，几乎不知道为什么，越来越多的人开始返回这里吃饭．故选C．9．A．考查名词．years 年；days日；hours 小时；minutes分钟．根据语境可知，由于商人的话，两年后，这个小饭店再次成为一个大食品公司．故选A．10．B．考查名词．advice建议；words 话；methods 方法；success成功．根据语境可知，根据上文"I have no advice to give．The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you"可知，我没有什么建议．我能告诉你的唯一事情是，拯救饭店的人是你们中的一个人．由于商人的话，两年后，这个小饭店再次成为一个大食品公司．故选B．【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的选项做出选择，结合选出的选项再读短文，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．Ⅲ.阅读理解:(共5小题;每小题10分,满分50分）18．【分析】文章介绍了不同年龄的青少年在进行暑期打工时的一些注意事项．【解答】1．C 内容理解题．根据By law，you can't work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays．And you can't work before 7am or after 7pm根据法律，在学校放假期间，你每周的工作时间不能超过35小时．你不能在早上7点之前或晚上7点之后工作，可知晚上不能去工作，故选C．2．C 内容理解题．根据The lowest wage for 16～17﹣year﹣old teenagers should be no less than seven dollars per hour16～17岁青少年的最低工资应该不低于每小时7美元，可知2个小时最少有14元，故选C．3．D 细节理解题．根据It seems that you can't work almost anywhere，but you're probably allowed to clean your neighbours' cars or walk their dogs看起来你几乎不能在任何地方工作，但是你可能被允许清洁你邻居的汽车或者遛狗，可知至少是13岁，故选D．4．B 细节理解题．由In autumn，there′s always fruit picking．It can be pretty hard work，but it pays really well秋天，总是有水果采摘．这可能是相当艰苦的工作，但报酬确实很高，可知虽然很累但是报酬高，故选B．5．B 细节理解题．由No matter how much you are paid，you are doing what you like不管你得到多少报酬，你都在做你喜欢的事情，可知青少年应该根据兴趣选择兼职，故选B．【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．19．【分析】本文主要讲述了一项新的研究表面美国百分之八十的互联网用户在网上查找一些健康信息，以及这项研究背后的原因．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据A new study finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online．一个新的研究发现，美国80%多的网络用户在网上搜寻有关健康的信息．故选C．（2）B．细节理解题．根据"Two thirds of Internet users look online for information about a certain disease or medical condition．"三分之二的网络用户在线查找关于某种疾病或身体。
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷语文一、语言的积累和运用（16分）1．根据拼音写汉字，给加点的字注音。
（2分）他长到最茂盛的中年，他伸展出他来荫庇树下的幽花芳草，他结出累累的果实，来呈现大地无尽的甜美与芳x īn。
峰环水抱的萨尔茨堡，高高低低的房屋鳞次栉．比，庄严肃穆的修道院坐落在绿树浓荫中。
①xīn（）②栉（）2．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）（2分）似乎设计师和匠师们一致追求的是：务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上，眼前总是一幅完美的图画。
为了达到这个目的，他们讲究亭台轩榭的，讲究假山池沼的，讲究花草树木的，讲究近景远景的层次。
A．布局映衬配合 B．映衬布局配合C．配合布局映衬 D．布局配合映衬3．请对下列病句提出修改意见。
（2分）（1）为了防止这类交通事故不再发生，交警部门加大了执法力度。
修改意见：（2）改革开放30年来，人民的物质生活水平有了明显的改变。
修改意见：4．下列关于文学名著的表述，有误的一项是（）（2分）A．“一头红焰发蓬松，两只眼睛亮似灯。
不黑不青蓝靛脸，如雷如鼓老龙声。
身披一领鹅黄氅，腰束双攒露白藤。
项下骷髅悬九个，手持宝杖甚峥嵘”，写的是沙僧。
B．《格列佛游记》是英国作家斯威夫特的一部讽刺小说，它通过虚构的离奇情节和丰富的讽刺手法深刻剖析了当时的英国社会现实。
C．赵云是蜀国五虎将之一，以骁勇善战著称。
一杆长枪，勇救幼主，征战无数，屡建奇功。
D．鲁达和林冲、史进在潘家酒楼吃酒，遇到金翠莲父女卖唱乞讨，得知他们父女受了郑屠欺负，不禁大怒，不但慷慨解囊，而且三拳打死了镇关西。
5．默写。
（8分）（1）曾子曰：“；？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”（《论语·学而》）（2）僵卧孤村不自哀，。
（陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》）（3），悠然见南山。
（陶渊明《饮酒》）（4）臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，，。
（诸葛亮《出师表》）（5）文天祥《过零丁洋》中表明自己舍生取义的决心，充分体现民族气节的两句诗是：。
2019年内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市中考数学试题(含答案)
2019 年 呼 和 浩 特 市 中 考 试 卷数学注意事项： 1．考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填涂在试卷和答题纸的规定位置。
2．考生要将答案写在答题纸上，在试卷上答题一律无效。
考试结束后，本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
3．本试卷满分 120 分。
考试时间 120 分钟。
一、选择题（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 3 分，共 30 分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题 目要求的）1．下列实数是无理数的是A．–1C．π 2．以下问题，不适合用全面调查的是B．0 1D．3A．旅客上飞机前的安检B．学校招聘教师，对应聘人员的面试C．了解全校学生的课外读书时间D．了解一批灯泡的使用寿命3．已知线段 CD 是由线段 AB 平移得到的，点 A（–1，4）的对应点为 C（4，7），则点 B（–4，–1）的对应点 D 的坐标为A．（1，2）B．（2，9）C．（5，3）D．（–9，–4）4．右图是某几何体的三视图，根据图中数据，求得该几何体的体积为A．60πB．70πC．90πD．160π5．某商品先按批发价a 元提高 10%零售，后又按零售价降低10%出售，则最后的单价是A．a 元 C．1.21a 元B．0.99a 元 D．0.81a 元6．已知⊙O 的面积为 2π，则其内接正三角形的面积为A．3 3B．3 63 3C．23 6D．27．实数 a，b，c 在数轴上对应的点如下图所示，则下列式子中正确的是a b0cxA．ac > bcB．|a–b| = a–bC．–a <–b < cD．–a–c >–b–c8．下列运算正确的是1354· = 6A．2 2 B． (a3)2=a3( ) ( ) 1 111b＋a＋2÷ – =C． a ba2 b2b–aD．(–a)9÷a3 =(–a)69．已知矩形 ABCD 的周长为 20cm，两条对角线 AC，BD 相交于点 O，过点 O 作 AC 的垂线 EF，分别交两边 AD，BC 于 E，F（不与顶点重合），则以下关于 CDE 与 ABF 判断完全正确的一项为A． CDE 与 ABF 的周长都等于 10cm，但面积不一定相等B． CDE 与 ABF 全等，且周长都为 10cmC． CDE 与 ABF 全等，且周长都为 5cmD． CDE 与 ABF 全等，但它们的周长和面积都不能确定1 10．已知函数 y = |x|的图象在第一象限的一支曲线上有一点 A（a，c），点 B（b，c＋1）在该函数图象的另外一支上，则关于一元二次方程 ax2＋bx＋c = 0 的两根 x1，x2 判断正确的是A．x1 ＋ x2 >1，x1·x2 > 0B．x1 ＋ x2 < 0，x1·x2 > 0C．0 < x1 ＋ x2 < 1，x1·x2 > 0D．x1 ＋ x2 与 x1·x2 的符号都不确定二、填空题（本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分．本题要求把正确结果填在答题纸规定的横线上，不需 要解答过程）11．一个底面直径是 80cm，母线长为 90cm 的圆锥的侧面展开图的圆心角的度数为 ________．12．某校五个绿化小组一天的植树的棵数如下：10，10，12，x，8． 已知这组数据的平均数是 10，那么 这组数据的方差是_________．13．等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角为 36 ，则该等腰三角形的底角的度数为_____________．14．把多项式 6xy2–9x2y–y3 因式分解，最后结果为_________．15．已知 m，n 是方程 x2＋2x–5 = 0 的两个实数根，则 m2–mn＋3m＋n=_________．16．以下四个命题：①每一条对角线都平分一组对角的平行四边形是菱形． m②当 m > 0 时， y =–mx＋1 与 y = x 两个函数都是 y 随着 x 的增大而减小． ③已知正方形的对称中心在坐标原点，顶点 A，B，C，D 按逆时针依次排列，若 A 点坐标为（1，3），则 D 点坐标为（1，– 3）．④在一个不透明的袋子中装有标号为 1，2，3，4 的四个完全相同的小球，从袋中随机摸取一个然后 1放回，再从袋中随机地摸取一个，则两次取到的小球标号的和等于 4 的概率为 8． 其中正确的命题有_________（只需填正确命题的序号）三、解答题（本大题共 9 小题，满分 72 分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）17．（10 分）计算| |1– （1）（5 分）计算： 2cos 30°＋( 3–2)–1 ＋ 231（2）（5 分）解方程： x2＋2x–x2–2x= 018．（6 分）如图，一艘海轮位于灯塔 P 的北偏东 65 方向，距离灯塔 80 海里的 A 处，它沿正南方向航行一段时间后，到达位于灯塔P 的南偏东 45 方向上的 B 处，这时，海轮所在的B 处 距离灯塔 P 有多远？（结果用非特殊角的三角函数及根式表示即可）19．（5 分）已知实数 a 是不等于 3 的常数，解不等式组{ ) –2x＋3 ≥ –311(x–2a)＋ x < 022，并依据 a 的取值情况写出其解集．20．（9 分）学校为了了解初三年级学生体育跳绳的训练情况，从初三年级各班随机抽取了 50 名学生进行 了 60 秒跳绳的测试，并将这 50 名学生的测试成绩（即 60 秒跳绳的个数）从低到高分成六段记为第 一到六组，最后整理成下面的频数分布直方图：请根据直方图中样本数据提供的信息解答下列问题． （1）跳绳次数的中位数落在哪一组？由样本数据的中位数你能推断出学校初三年级学生关于60 秒跳绳 成绩的一个什么结论？ （2）若用各组数据的组中值（各小组的两个端点的数的平均数）代表各组的实际数据，求这 50 名学 生的 60 秒跳绳的平均成绩（结果保留整数）； （3）若从成绩落在第一和第六组的学生中随机抽取 2 名学生，用列举法求抽取的 2 名学生恰好在同 一组的概率．21．（7 分）如图，四边形 ABCD 是矩形，把矩形沿 AC 折叠，点 B 落在点 E 处，AE 与 DC 的交点为 O, 连接 DE． （1）求证：∆ADE≌∆CED; （2）求证： DE∥AC．22．（7 分）为鼓励居民节约用电，我市自 2012 年以来对家庭用电收费实行阶梯电价，即每月对每户居民 的用电量分为三个档级收费，第一档为用电量在 180 千瓦时（含 180 千瓦时）以内的部分，执行基本 价格；第二档为用电量在 180 千瓦时到 450 千瓦时（含 450 千瓦时）的部分，实行提高电价；第三档 为用电量超出 450 千瓦时的部分，执行市场调节价格． 我市一位同学家今年 2 月份用电 330 千瓦时， 电费为 213 元，3 月份用电 240 千瓦时，电费为 150 元．已知我市的一位居民今年 4、5 月份的家庭用 电量分别为 160 和 410 千瓦时，请你依据该同学家的缴费情况，计算这位居民 4、5 月份的电费分别 为多少元?k 23．（8 分）如图，已知反比例函数 y = x（x > 0，k 是常数）的图象经过点 A（1,4），点 B（m , n），其中m＞1， AM⊥x 轴，垂足为 M，BN⊥y 轴，垂足为 N，AM 与 BN 的交点为 C． （1）写出反比例函数解析式； （2）求证：∆ACB∽∆NOM； （3）若∆ACB 与∆NOM 的相似比为 2，求出 B 点的坐标及 AB 所在直线的解析式．24．（8 分）如图，AB 是⊙O 的直径，点 C 在⊙O 上，过点 C 作⊙O 的切线 CM． （1）求证：∠ACM=∠ABC；（2）延长 BC 到 D，使 BC = CD，连接 AD 与 CM 交于点 E，若⊙O 的半径为 3，ED = 2, 求∆ACE 的 外接圆的半径．1 25．（12 分）如图，已知直线 l 的解析式 为 y = 2x–1，抛物线 y = ax2＋bx＋2 经过点 A（m，0），( )51， B（2，0），D 4 三点． （1）求抛物线的解析式及 A 点的坐标，并在图示坐标系中画出抛物线的大致图象； （2）已知点 P（x，y）为抛物线在第二象限部分上的一个动点，过点 P 作 PE 垂直 x 轴于点 E, 延长PE 与直线 l 交于点 F，请你将四边形 PAFB 的面积 S 表示为点 P 的横坐标 x 的函数， 并求出 S 的最大值及 S 最大时点 P 的坐标； （3）将（2）中 S 最大时的点 P 与点 B 相连，求证：直线 l 上的任意一点关于 x 轴的对称点一定在 PB 所在直线上．2019 年 呼 和 浩 特 市 中 考 试 卷数学参考答案及评分标准一、选择题1．C2．D6．C7．D二、填空题11．160°14．–y(3x–y)2三、计算题3．A 8．C4．B 9．B5．B 10．C12．1.6 15．813．63°或 27° 16．①311 17．（1）解：原式=2 × 2 ＋ 3–2＋ 2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分1 = 3–( 3＋2) ＋ 2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 分3 = –2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分 （2）解：去分母得3x2–6x–x2–2x = 0∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分2x2 –8x = 0 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分∴ x = 0 或 x = 4 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分经检验：x = 0 是增根∴ x = 4 是原方程的解 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分 18．解：过点 P 作 PD⊥AB 于 D∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分由题意知∠DPB = 45° PD在 RtΔPBD 中，sin 45° = PB ∴ PB= 2PD∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分 ∵ 点 A 在 P 的北偏东 65°方向上∴ ∠APD = 25°在 RtΔPAD 中 PDcos 25° = PA ∴ PD = PA cos 25° = 80 cos 25° ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分∴ PB = 80 2cos 25° ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6 分{ ) –2x＋3 ≥ –3…………………①11(x–2a)＋ x < 0……………②19．解： 22解①得：x≤3∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分解②得：x < a∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分∵ a 是不等于 3 的常数∴ 当 a > 3 时，不等式组的解集为 x≤3∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 分当 a < 3 时，不等式组的解集为 x < a∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分20．解：（1）中位数落在第四组∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分由此可以估计初三学生 60 秒跳绳在 120 个以上的人数达到一半以上∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分2 × 70＋10 × 90＋12 × 110＋13 × 130＋10 × 150＋3 × 170（2）x=50≈121 6 分（3）记第一组的两名学生为 A、B，第六组的三名学生为 1、2、3 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7 分则从这 5 名学生中抽取两名学生有以下 10 种情况：AB，A1，A2，A3，B1，B2，B3，12，13，23 42∴ P = 10= 5∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙9 分 21．证明：（1）∵ 四边形 ABCD 是矩形∴ AD=BC AB=CD又∵ AC 是折痕∴ BC = CE = AD ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分AB = AE = CD ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分 又 DE = ED ∴ ΔADE ≌ΔCED ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分 （2）∵ ΔADE ≌ΔCED ∴ ∠EDC =∠DEA 又 ΔACE 与 ΔACB 关于 AC 所在直线对称∴ ∠OAC =∠CAB 而∠OCA =∠CAB ∴ ∠OAC =∠OCA ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分 ∴ 2∠OAC = 2∠DEA∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6 分∴ ∠OAC =∠DEA∴ DE∥AC∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7 分22．解：设基本电价为 x 元/千瓦时，提高电价为 y 元/千瓦时 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分 由题意得：{ ) 180x＋150y = 213180x＋60y = 150 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分{ ) x = 0.6解之得： y = 0.7 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 分∴ 4 月份的电费为：160×0.6=96 元5 月份的电费为：180×0.6＋230×0.7 = 108＋161 = 269 元答：这位居民 4、5 月份的电费分别为 96 元和 269 元．∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7 分 k23．解：（1）∵ y = x过（1，4）点 4∴ k = 4，反比例函数解析式为 y = x ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分 （2）∵ B（m，n） A（1，4）∴ AC = 4–n，BC = m–1，ON = n，OM = 1 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分 AC 4–n 4∴ ON= n = n–1 4而 B（m，n）在 y = x上 4∴ n= m AC∴ ON= m–1 BC m–1而 OM= 1 AC BC∴ ON= OM ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 分 又∵ ∠ACB =∠NOM = 90°∴ ΔACB∽ΔNOM ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5 分（3）∵ ΔACB 与 ΔNOM 的相似比为 2∴ m–1 = 2∴ m=3 4∴ B 点坐标为（3，3） ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6 分 设 AB 所在直线的解析式为 y = kx＋b{ ) 4 = 3k＋b 3 ∴ 4 = k＋b4 16 ∴ k = –3 b = 34 16 ∴ 解析式为 y = –3x＋ 3 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙8 分 24．证明：（1）连接 OC ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙1 分 ∵ AB 为⊙O 的直径 ∴ ∠ACB = 90° ∴ ∠ABC ＋∠BAC = 90° 又∵ CM 是⊙O 的切线 ∴ OC⊥CM ∴ ∠ACM ＋∠ACO = 90° ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 分 ∵ CO = AO ∴ ∠BAC =∠ACO ∴ ∠ACM =∠ABC ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 分 （2）∵ BC = CD ∴ OC∥AD 又∵ OC⊥CE ∴ AD⊥CE ∴ ΔAEC 是直角三角形 ∴ ΔAEC 的外接圆的直径为 AC ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4 分 又∵ ∠ABC ＋∠BAC = 90° ∠ACM ＋∠ECD = 90° 而∠ABC =∠ACM ∴ ∠BAC =∠ECD 又∠CED =∠ACB = 90° ∴ ΔABC∽ΔCDEAB BC ∴ CD= ED 而⊙O 的半径为 3∴ AB = 6 6 BC∴ CD= 2∴ BC 2 = 12∴ BC = 2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6分3在Rt ΔABC 中∴ AC = = 2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7分36–126∴ ΔAEC 的外接圆的半径为∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙8分625．解：（1）∵ y = ax 2＋bx ＋2经过点B 、D∴{4a ＋2b ＋2 = 0a ＋b ＋2 = 54)解之得：a =–，b =–1412∴ y =–x 2 – x ＋2∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2分1412∵ A （m ，0）在抛物线上∴ 0 =– m 2 – m ＋21412解得：m =–4∴ A （–4，0）∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3分图像（略）∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4分（2）由题设知直线l 的解析式为y = x –112∴ S = AB ·PF12 = ×6·PF12 = 3（– x 2 – x ＋2＋1– x ）∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙5分141212 = – x 2 –3x ＋934 = –（x ＋2）2 ＋12∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6分34其中–4 < x < 0∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7分∴ S 最大= 12，此时点P 的坐标为（–2，2）∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙9分（3）∵ 直线PB 过点P （–2，2）和点B （2，0）∴ PB 所在直线的解析式为y =– x ＋1∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙10分12设Q （a ， a –1）是y = x –1上的任一点1212则Q 点关于x 轴的对称点为（a ，1– a ）12将（a ，1– a ）代入y =– x ＋1显然成立∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙11分1212∴ 直线l 上任意一点关于x 轴的对称点一定在PB 所在的直线上∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙12分注：本卷中各题如有不同解法，可依据情况酌情给分。
2019年呼和浩特市英语中考试题及答案
2019年呼和浩特市英语中考试题及答案2019年呼和浩特市中考试卷英语第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共计85分)I.单项选择：(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1. Weusually go swimming in _____summer. But in ______summer of 2018, we didn’t.A. / ; /B. a; aC. /; theD. a ; /2.—May I help you with some jeans, sir?—Yes, I’d like to try on those blue _______.B. one A. pairC. twoD. ones3.—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school.—Sorry. I have ______Frank to work on the biology report with him.A. AdviseB. expectedC. suggestedD. promised4. _______me an email before you come to Hohhot, and I’llmeet you at the train XXX.A. SendB. SendingC. To sendD.Sent5.—Did you call Michael back?—Id idn’t need to,________I’ll see him tomorrow.A. UnlessB. becauseC. whenD.though6. Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like tosit on a seat_____tell you your weight?A. / B. whoC. whomD. that7. Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River.________great courage he showed!A. What aB. WhatC. How aD.How8. Ben was XXX ________the windows.A. againstB. acrossC. aboveD. below9. I really need to take more exercise because I’m_______weight.A. putting downB. putting onC. putting offD. putting away10.—Will you do any cleaning in the park this Sunday?—_______! I do so every Sunday.A. Nice workB. No shoutingC. You betD. In with a chance11.—He is planning to walk on the wings of the a flying plane.—What? I have never heard of ______idea before.A. A crazierB. the crazierC. a creaziestD. the creaziest12. XXX _______for six years, but I ______there so far.A. has opened; haven’t goneB. has been opened ; haven’t beenC. has been open ; haven’t goneD. has been opened; haven’t been13. It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______toplay an instrument.A. for ; learningB. for ; to learnC. of ; learningD. of ; to learn14. Frederick _______XXX hobby has brought him_______.A. successful ; success B. successful ; successfullyC. successfully ; successD. successfully ; successful15. She was so angry at ______he was doing ______shewalked out without a word.A. what; thatB. that ; whatC. what ; whatD. that ; thatII.完型填空：(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)A“The grass XXX on the other side of the fence.” That’s anold16 in English. It means other placesoften look better, more interesting than the place in 17 you live.Some peopleworry18young XXX that way. They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and,19 ,buying Japanesecartoon books, watching XXX.Foreign books and soap operas are good, 20 Chinesewriters and actors are just as good. As for holidays,Christmas isnice, but it can 21 have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has, and the West has nothing tocompare with Mid-autumn Festival. And let's not forget the part of Chinese culture Ilike best: 22 XXX are as 23 as China.It'XXX and to 24 from them, but they cannot replaceyour own culture. It's good tolook on the other side of the fence,but 25 you take a good long look. You will find that the grassisn't alwaysgreener on the other side of the fence.16.A. word B. saying C. sentenceD. rule17.A. that B. when C. whereD. which18.A. that B. if C. whyD. whether19.A. however B. besides C. insteadD. then20.A. and B. so C. butD. or21.A. still B. never C. alwaysD. ever22.A. they B. their C. itD. its23.A. warm B. warmer C. co1dD. colder24.A. learns B. learning C. in learningD. to learn25.A. make up B. make up of C. make sureD. be sure toBA restaurant had one falled upon hard times. Only five 26were left: the manager and four others, all over 60 yearsold.In the town near the XXX who was good at managing business, XXX for a long period of time, but when he was askedfor advice, the businessman28for a while andthen said,“I have noadvice to give. The only thing I can tell you is that the saver (救星)is one of you.”The manager, returning to the restaurant29, told the otherpeople what the businessman had said. In the monthsthat 30 ,the old XXX of the words of the business man,“The saver is one ofus?”They asked XXX possibility, they all began to treat each otherwith31respect(恭敬).XXX might be the saver, they also began toXXX.As time went by, people coming to the restaurant32 thatsome XXXXXX friends, XXX. Two 34 later, the smallrestaurant had once againbecome a big food company, thanks tothe businessman’s35. They understood that it was they XXX XXX.26. A. cooks B. waiters C.members D. cuntomers27. A. hoped B. began C.allowed D. decided28.A. stopped B. refused C.rested D. laughed29.A. angrily B. hopefully C.lively D. nervously30. A. following B. followed C.going D. gone31. A. strange B. similarC.strongD. special32. A. received B. advised C.felt D. wished33. A. what B. how C.why D. when34. A. years B. days C. hours D. minutes35. A. advice B. words C. methods D.successIII.浏览了解:(共25小题；每题2分，总分值50分)ADo you want a job in the holiday? Just go for it. First, you need to know what kind of job is XXX.If you’re 13 to 15.It XXX, but you’XXX.There XXX(人为) for children under 16.By law, you can’t work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays.And you can’t work before 7 a.m. or after 7p.m.If y’re 16 or 17.The lowest wage for 16-17 years old teenagers should be no less than 7 dollars per hour.You can’t work in a pub or bar, but you can work in many other places.By law, you can' t work more than 40 hours each week.What jobs are out there?Obviously your choices are limited (限制) by the fact that youcan only work during school holidays, but the XXX.At Christmas, most shops are shart of hands, so you may find something to do there. In antumn, there’s always fruitpicking. Itcan be pretty hard work, but it pays really well.If you’re mad about football, you can choose to work in asports shop or help out at a localXXX club. No matter how much you are paid, you are doingwhat you like.36. In the school holidays, 14-year-old kids__________________.A. can work anywhere they wantB. arenot allowed to work aloneC. can’t go to work at nightD. can work as long as 14 hours aday37. How much can a 16-year-old kid be paid at least in two hours?A. 21 dollars.B. 17 dollars.C. 14 dollars.D. 7 dollars.38. If you want to clean cars for others, you should at least be_____________.A. 16B. 15C. 14D. 1339. According to the passage, XXX true?A. not right for childrenB. tiring but payswellC. better than other jobsD. more interestingto girls40. According to the passage, XXX true?A. If you are 17 yearsold, you’re not allowed to walk the dogfor your neighbour.B. Teenagers can choose their jobs according to their interest.XXX well because there are fewer people to pick it.D. XXX.BA new study finds that more than eighty percent of Internetusers in the United States search of health XXX.Susannah Fox from the Pew Internet Project says doctors arestill the main source of health information. But the XXX online isone of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion. He says, “People are sort offact-checking what they have XXX show that people are still very likely to turn to a XXX (诊断) or XXX.”Forty-four percent of people are XXX online. Two-thirds of Internet users look online for information about a XXX.The Internet has also XXX support for people with health XXX one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition.A disease is considered uncommon if it affects(侵袭) fewer than 200,000 people worldwide. The rise of socialnetworking has made it easier for people with uncommon diseases to connect with each other and feel less alone. XXX.Dr. Jeff Livingston operates a medical center for women in Irving, Texas. His office uses password-XXX to share information with patients. He says the software has increased efficiency(效力)，XXX with patients. It has just changed the way we do health care. His medical centre also has a Facebookpage, a MySPace page anda Twitter feed.41. _______is one of the most popular ways people look for health informatioin.A. Asking their ParentsB. The Pew Internet ProjectC. Searching onlineD. Reading books on medicine42. What makes people search for health information online?A. Peoples interests in health.B. People’s health condition.C. Inportance of the Internet.D. The rise of online treatment.43. From the fourth paragraph we know that __________.A. people with health problems go online to look for the new treatmentB. people with health problems try to share their experience with others onlineC. people with health problems XXX diseasesD. XXX a place for people with health problems to reduce worries44. According to Paragraph 5, social newworking _______________.A. XXXB. encourgae people to get more help from doctors online in timeC. helps people to get more confidence about the treatment of their diseasesD. makes people easier to know more about what their diseases are45. What can we infer(揣度) from the last paragraph?A. Interent is an easy way for doctors to treat their patients.B. Doctors should change their ways to treat their patients.C. Facebook, XXX.D. Most patients would like to ask their doctors for help online now.COne day a young man was standing in a crowded place, shouting that he had the most beautiful heart in the world.Most of the people who saw his heart were amazed at the beauty of his heart.It had no little flaw (瑕疵).Suddenly, an old man appeared and said, “Oh, my son, your heart is not as beautiful as XXX.”The old man showed his heart to the young man. It was beating strongly, but full ofscars. It had places XXX put in. But they didn’t fit quite right, and there were gaps and rough(崎岖不平的) XXX.The young man laughe d, “My dear oldman,▲Comparing your heart with mine, mine is perfect and yours is full ofscars.”The old man said, “Dear boy, my heart is just as beautiful as your heart. You see, each scar shows where I have XXX people give me a piece of their heart back, and it fills the space as best it can. Other times, I give mylove and get nothing in return. Those are the empty spaces. They hurt, but they show me that I can love and love again. ”The young man stood still. His eyes were filled with tears. He walked up to the old man, tore a piece of his heart andgave the piece to the old man.The old man placed it in his heart, and then took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound in theyoung man’s heart.The young man looked at his heart, not perfect anymore but more beautiful than ever.38. The underlined word “scars” means “” in Chinese.A.疤痕B.隔阂C.斑点D.补丁39. Which of the following can be put in▲?A. I quite agree with you!B. it’s against the rules!C. are you joking?D. what can I do for you?40. How did the young man feel after he heard whatold man’s said?A. Surprised.B. Touched.C. Nervous.D. Proud.41. What does the story want to tell us?A. We should be proud of who we are.B. XXX’t think too much of ourselves.XXX difficult if we put our heart into it.D. Give our love, though we sometimes get nothing in return.42. What’s the BEST title for the passage?A. A Broken HeartB. The Most Beautiful HeartC. A Wise Old ManD. What is True Love?DA warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep.But now astudy hasfound it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.XXX“night milk”has XXX(褪黑激素), which has been XXX.In the study, mice were fed with XXX cows milked both during the day and at night byresearchers XXX, XXX.Those given night milk, which had 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less worried than those XXX daytime, according to the study published XXX.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking XXX to those who are trying to fall asleep at night.XXX sleep because there is calcium(钙) in it, XXX.Milk is also sugar-free because it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burdenyou will have on your body at night.按照上文内容判别正(T)误(F)51. According to the passage, XXX.52. The study has been tested on mice for ten times.53. People with XXX.54. Milk is good for sleep because there is XXX calcium in it.55. XXX XXX.E日常对话A; Hello, Bob! How is it going?B: Hello, Kate! 56 And you?A: Very well. What’s your plan for the summer?B: I had a Chinese course last year, and I’d like to go on with it this summer.A: How was the course? 57B: Yes. It seemed that way at first. But after a while it became easier.A: You were the best in the class, right?B: I did get an A. Well, could you tell me your summer plan?58A: No, not this summer. 59B: XXX. Can I go with you?A: 60 Oh, here comes the bus! Goodbye!B: XXX!A. But I plan to go to Africa next summer.B. XXX interesting?C. Where do you come from?D. Is Chinese very difficult?E. I’m OK.XXX.G. No problem.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共计35分)IV.用所给词或短语的适当形式填空:(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 61—70小题someone wait for decide even though week as well as high mention Germany try one’s best61.—Could I ask if you _______________ this to her till now?—Yes, but she refused to listen.62. ___________the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, there was a writing class in the summer camp.63. On a beach, run away from the sea and move quickly to ____________ground when an XXX. In order to catch the early bus, we had to stop ____________them.65. As is known to all, __________________who breaks the rules should be punished.66. He asked for two __________leave to look after his sick father.67. During the World WarⅡ，millions of _________XXX.68.—Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting?—No decision yet. I think it _______XXX.69. The students in Miss Wang’sclass are all _______to study hard to go to the university.70. She won’t leave the TVset, _________her supper is on the table.V.阅读理解填词: (共10个空；每空1分，满分10分) 71—80空Smartphones and e-readers have XXX years. Some people think that the days of XXX a 71 readers.Research company Nielsen found that in the UK, sales of e-books are f 72 while sales of XXX surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical XXX, Slovakia(斯洛伐克) and Japan also showed that 92 percent of t 73 preferred papere books.So what is b 74 paper book comeback(回归)?XXX given was: “ I like to hold the product.” It’s true that XXX. Other students said that they could get a s 75of accomplishment (成就) when they XXX.Paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of reading. Many people like to sign their name on the i 76cover. If the cover gets bent(曲折) or there is a stain (污点) made on the page from coffee, all the better. The a 77 makethe book even more personal. It’s as if readers of XXX.This “friendship” people d78with books XXX(情感的). Research has XXX t 79 e-books. People also more e 80 end up with headachesor sore eyes while reading e-books.So why not pick up a book and start reading?71. a 72. f 73. t 74. b 75.s76. i 77. a 78. d 79. t 80. eVI.低级写作：(总分值15分)邻近卒业，黉舍在进修小组内展开了初中阶段自评和组评举动，假定你是Rainbow小组的组长zhangHong,请你为你的组员Li Ming举行综合素养的评判，写一份素养敷陈。
内蒙古呼和浩特市2019年中考语文试题(解析版)
内蒙古呼和浩特市2019年中考语文试题（解析版）2019年呼和浩特市中考试卷语文1.阅读下面的语句，根据拼音写汉字，给加点字注音，为句子空缺处选填恰当的词语。
（1）索溪峪的山，是一种páng bó的美：不是一峰独秀，也不是三五峰呼应，而是峰峦起伏，绵亘．蜿蜒。
这种美，是一种不拘一格、令人心荡神驰的美：或直插云天，或横拦绿水，或旁逸斜出，自成姿态，崛．起题毫“斜山”。
（2）黄河博大宽厚，柔中有刚；遇强则抗，勇往直前。
它被两岸的山、地下的石逼得忽上忽下、忽左忽右时（A.铸成 B.铸造）了自己伟大的性格。
这伟大只在冲过壶口的一刹那才（C.闪现 D.闪动）出来被我们看见。
【答案】（1）磅礴gèn jué（2）A、C。
【解析】【详解】（1）字形题中音近字注意据义定形，形近字可以以音定形。
辨析方法主要有对举、组词、读音、形旁辨形。
如“磅礴”都是左右结构的字，造字法为形声字，可根据形声字的特点来辨别字形。
字音题在具体的语言环境中遇到多音多义字时，要先弄清楚它们在词语或句子中的意义，再根据音义对应的规律辨别读音。
对于字音题型，平时要注意积累，读准字音，标准调号。
拿不准的字要查字典。
如“绵亘”：接连不断。
读“mián gèn”，注意据义定音。
（2）铸成：锻造成，打造成，常使用比喻义。
铸造：熔化金属铸模成型的技术。
根据所支配的“自己伟大的性格”分析，应选“铸成”。
闪现：一刹那间出现、呈现。
闪动：不稳定地抖动。
根据上文的“一刹那”分析，应该使用“闪现”。
所以分别选A、C。
2.下列短语与“心荡神驰”结构类型相同的是①山清水秀②不拘一格③余音绕梁④拔地而起⑤古往今来【答案】① ⑤【解析】【详解】题干的“心荡神驰”，与“山清水秀”“古往今来”都为并列结构的短语。
“不拘一格”动宾结构。
“余音绕梁”主谓结构。
“拔地而起”偏正结构。
所以选①⑤。
3.请选出下列句中没有语病的一项。
2019年呼和浩特市中考试卷_文档
经典精品试卷2019年呼和浩特市中考试卷数 学注意事项：本试卷满分120分．考试时间120分钟．一、选择题（本题包括10个小题，每题3分，共30分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题意，请把该选项的序号填入题后面的括号内） 1．2-的倒数是（ ）A ．12-B ．12C ．2D ．2- 2．已知ABC △的一个外角为50°则ABC △一定是（ ）A ．锐角三角形B ．钝角三角形C ．直角三角形D ．钝角三角形或锐角三角形3．有一个正方体，6个面上分别标有1~6这6个整数，投掷这个正方体一次，则出现向上一面的数字是偶数的概率为（ ）A ．13B ．16C ．12 D ．144．如图，AB 是O ⊙的直径，点C 在圆上，CD AB DE BC ⊥，∥，则图中与ABC △相似的三角形的个数有（ ）A ．4个B ．3个C ．2个D ．1个5．用配方法解方程23610x x -+=，则方程可变形为（ ） A ．21(3)3x -=B ．213(1)3x -=C ．2(31)1x -=D ．22(1)3x -=6．为了了解我市参加中考的15000名学生的视力情况，抽查了1000名学生的视力进行统计分析．下面四个判断正确的是（ ） A ．15000名学生是总体 B ．1000名学生的视力是总体的一个样本 C ．每名学生是总体的一个个体 D ．上述调查是普查 7．半径为R 的圆内接正三角形的面积是（ ） A ．232RB ．2πRC ．2332R D ．2334R 8．在等腰ABC △中，AB AC =，一边上的中线BD 将这个三角形的周长分为15和12两个部分，则这个等腰三角形的底边长为（ ） A ．7 B ．11 C ．7或11 D ．7或10 9．右图哪个是左面正方体的展开图（ ）10．下列命题中，正确命题的个数为（ ）（1）若样本数据3、6、a 、4、2的平均数是4，则其方差为2CBDO AEA ．B ．C ．D ．（2）“相等的角是对顶角”的逆命题 （3）对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形（4）若二次函数23(1)y x k =-+图象上有三个点1)y ，（22y ，），1()y ，则321y y y >>A ．1个B ．3个C ．2个D ．4个二、填空题（本题包括6个小题，每题3分，共18分．本题要求把正确结果填在每题横线上，不需要解答过程）11．某种生物孢子的直径为0.00063m ，用科学记数法表示为 m ． 12．把24520ab a -因式分解的结果是 ．13．初三（1）班有48名学生，春游前，班长把全班学生对春游地点的意向绘制成了扇形统计图，其中“想去野生动物园的学生数”的扇形圆心角为120°，请你计算想去其他地点的学生有 人． 14．如果|21||25|0x y x y -++--=，则x y +的值为 ． 15．如图，四边形ABDC 中，120ABD ∠=°，AB AC ⊥，BD CD ⊥，4AB CD ==，，则该四边形的面积是 ．16．10个人围成一个圆圈做游戏．游戏的规则是：每个人心里都想好一个数，并把自己想好的数如实地告诉与他相邻的两个人，然后每个人将与他相邻的两个人告诉他的数的平均数报出来，若报出来的数如图所示，则报3的人心里想的数是 ． 三、解答题（本大题包括9个小题，共72人，解答应写出必要的演算步骤，证明过程或文字说明）17．（1）（5分）计算：220091)6sin 45(1)-++-°．（2）（5分）先化简再求值：22111a b b a a a a b ⎛⎫-+--÷⨯ ⎪+⎝⎭，其中12a =-，2b =-．18．（6分）要想使人安全地攀上斜靠在墙面上的梯子的顶端，梯子与地面所成的角α一般满足5075α°≤≤°．如图，现有一个长6m 的梯子，梯子底端与墙角的距离为3m ．A BDC1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10（1）求梯子顶端B 距离墙角C 的距离．（结果精确到0.1m ）（2）计算此时梯子与地面所成角α，并判断人能否安全使用这个梯子．1.7321.414）19．（7分）如图所示，正方形ABCD 的边CD 在正方形ECGF 的边CE 上，连接BE DG ，． （1）求证：BE DG =．（2）图中是否存在通过旋转能够互相重合的两个三角形？若存在，说出旋转过程；若不存在，请说明理由．20．（8分）试确定a 的取值范围，使不等式组114111.5(1)()0.5(21)22x x a x a x x +⎧+>⎪⎪⎨⎪-+>-+-⎪⎩ 只有一个整数解．21．（6分）在直角坐标系中直接画出函数||y x =的图象；若一次函数y kx b =+的图象分别过点(11)A -，，(22)B ，，请你依据这两个函数的图象写出方程组||y x y kx b =⎧⎨=+⎩的解．22．（9售目标，根据目标完成的情况对营业员进行适当的奖惩．为了确定一个适当的目标，商场统α BC A 墙 地面E F GD A BC计了每个营业员在某月的销售额，并整理得到如下统计图（单位：万元）．请分析统计数据完成下列问题．（1）月销售额在哪个值的人数最多？中间的月销售额是多少？平均的月销售额是多少？ （2）如果想让一半左右营业员都能达到目标，你认为月销售额定为多少合适？说明理由．23．（8分）如图，已知反比例函数m y x =（0x >）的图象与一次函数1522y x =-+的图象交于A B 、两点，点C 的坐标为112⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，，连接AC AC ，平行于y 轴．（1）求反比例函数的解析式及点B 的坐标．（2）现有一个直角三角板，让它的直角顶点P 在反比例函数图象上的A B 、之间的部分滑动（不与A B 、重合），两直角边始终分别平行于x 轴、y 轴，且与线段AB 交于M N 、两点，试判断P 点在滑动过程中PMN △是否与CAB △总相似，简要说明判断理由．24．（8分）如图，在直角梯形ABCD 中，9012cm AD BC ABC AB ∠==∥，°，，8cm AD =，22cm BC =，AB 为O ⊙的直径，动点P 从点A 开始沿AD 边向点D 以1cm/s 的速度运动，动点Q 从点C 开始沿CB 边向点B 以2cm/s 的速度运动．P Q 、分别从点A C 、同时出发，当其中一个动点到达端点时，另一个动点也随之停止运动，设运动时间为(s)t ．（1）当t 为何值时，四边形PQCD 为平行四边形？ （2）当t 为何值时，PQ 与O ⊙相切？25．（10分）某超市经销一种销售成本为每件40元的商品．据市场调查分析，如果按每件50元销售，一周能售出500件，若销售单价每涨1元，每周销售量就减少10件．设销售单价为每件x 元（50x ≥），一周的销售量为y 件． （1）写出y 与x 的函数关系式．（标明x 的取值范围）（2）设一周的销售利润为S ，写出S 与x 的函数关系式，并确定当单价在什么范围内变化时，利润随着单价的增大而增大？（3）在超市对该种商品投入不超过10000元的情况下，使得一周销售利润达到8000元，销售单价应定为多少？2019年呼和浩特市中考试卷C数学参考答案及评分标准二、填空题（本大题共6个小题，每小题3分，共18分）11．46.310-⨯12．5(32)(32)a b b+-13．32 14．6 1516．2-三、解答题（本大题9个小题，共72分）17．解：（1）)1200916sin45(1)-︒+-1+···································································· 3分11+=0 ·································································································· 5分（2）22111a b baa a a b⎛⎫-+--÷⨯⎪+⎝⎭=2221a a ba-+-11ab a b⨯⨯-+=(1)(1)11b b aa b a b+-⨯-+·=1ba b++······································································································ 3分将122a b=-=-，代入得：上式=12552-=-······················································ 5分18．解：（1）在Rt ACB△中，5.2mBC=·················································································2分（2）在Rt ACB△中，31cos62ACABα===60α∴=°···························································5分506075<︒<︒°∴可以安全使用. ···················································6分19．（1）证明：∵正方形ABCD和正方形ECGF90BC CD CE CG BCE DCG∴==∠=∠=，，°··········································· 3分在BCE△和DCG△中，BC AαBC CD BCE DCG CE CG =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩(SAS)BCE DCG ∴△≌△BE DG ∴= ··························································································· 5分 （2）存在．BCE △绕点C 顺时针旋转90°得到DCG △（或将DCG △逆时针旋转90°得到BCE △） ······································································································ 7分 20．解：解不等式①：414x x ++> 35x ∴>······································································································ 2分 解不等式②：11111.50.52222a x a x x -->-+-即a x < ······································································································ 5分由数轴上解集表示可得：当12a <≤，只有一个整数解 ········································································· 8分21．解：画出图象得4分由图象可知，方程y xy kx b⎧=⎪⎨=+⎪⎩的解为2121x x y y ==-⎧⎧⎨⎨==⎩⎩或 ····························· 6分 （画出函数y x =的图象得3分，画出y kx b =+22．①销售额为18万元的人数最多，中间的月销售额为20万元，平均月销售额为22万元 ························································································································ 7分 ②目标应定为20万元，因为样本数据的中位数为20 ··················································· 9分 23．（1）由112C ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，得(12)A ，，代入反比例函数my x=中，得2m = ∴反比例函数解析式为：2(0)y x x=> ···································································· 2分 解方程组15222y x y x ⎧=-+⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩由15222x x -+=化简得：2540x x -+=(4)(1)0x x --= 1241x x ==，所以142B ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭， ····································································································· 5分 （2）无论P 点在AB 之间怎样滑动，PMN △与CAB △总能相似．因为B C 、两点纵坐标相等，所以BC x ∥轴．又因为AC y ∥轴，所以CAB △为直角三角形．同时PMN △也是直角三角形，AC PM BC PN ∥，∥． ∴PMN CAB △∽△． ··············································································· 8分 （在理由中只要能说出BC x ∥轴，90ACB ∠=°即可得分．） 24．（1）解：∵直角梯形ABCD ，AD BC ∥PD QC ∴∥∴当PD QC =时，四边形PQCD为平行四边形．由题意可知：2AP t CQ t ==，82t t ∴-=38t = 83t =∴当83t s =时，四边形PQCD 为平行四边形． ························································ 3分（2）解：设PQ 与O ⊙相切于点H ， 过点P 作PE BC ⊥，垂足为E 直角梯形ABCD AD BC ，∥PE AB ∴=由题意可知：2AP BE t CQ t ===，222BQ BC CQ t ∴=-=-222223EQ BQ BE t t t =-=--=-AB 为O ⊙的直径，90ABC DAB ∠=∠=° AD BC ∴、为O ⊙的切线AP PH HQ BQ ∴==，22222PQ PH HQ AP BQ t t t ∴=+=+=+-=- ············································· 5分 在Rt PEQ △中，222PE EQ PQ +=22212(223)(22)t t ∴+-=-BQBQE即：28881440t t -+=211180t t -+= (2)(9)0t t --=1229t t ∴==， ····························································································· 7分因为P 在AD 边运动的时间为8811AD ==秒 而98t =>9t ∴=（舍去）∴当2t =秒时，PQ 与O ⊙相切． ···································································· 8分25．解：（1）50010(50)y x =--=100010(50100)x x -≤≤ ······················································· 3分（2）(40)(100010)S x x =--210140040000x x =-+- 210(70)9000x =--+当5070x ≤≤时，利润随着单价的增大而增大． ····················································· 6分 （3）2101400400008000x x -+-=2101400480000x x -+= 214048000x x -+= (60)(80)0x x --=126080x x ==， ································································································ 8分当60x =时，成本=[]4050010(6050)1600010000⨯--=>不符合要求，舍去． 当80x =时，成本=[]4050010(8050)800010000⨯--=<符合要求．∴销售单价应定为80元，才能使得一周销售利润达到8000元的同时，投入不超过10000元． ········································································································· 10分精品文档文档说明(Word文档可以删除这部分)专注于精品小学试卷教案合同协议施工组织设计、期中、期末等测试文档解放你双手，时间就是生命，工作之外我们应该拥有更多享受生活的时间，本文档目的是为了节省读者的工作时间，提高读者的工作效率，读者可以放心下载文档进行编辑使用.文档来源网络，由于文档太多，审核有可能疏忽，如果有错误或侵权，请联系本店马上删除。
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷语文一、语言的积累和运用(16分）1．根据拼音写汉字,给加点的字注音。
（2分）他长到最茂盛的中年，他伸展出他来荫庇树下的幽花芳草,他结出累累的果实,来呈现大地无尽的甜美与芳xīn。
峰环水抱的萨尔茨堡，高高低低的房屋鳞次栉．比，庄严肃穆的修道院坐落在绿树浓荫中。
①xīn（）②栉（）2．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）（2分）似乎设计师和匠师们一致追求的是：务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上,眼前总是一幅完美的图画.为了达到这个目的，他们讲究亭台轩榭的,讲究假山池沼的，讲究花草树木的，讲究近景远景的层次.A．布局映衬配合 B．映衬布局配合C．配合布局映衬 D．布局配合映衬3．请对下列病句提出修改意见.（2分）（1）为了防止这类交通事故不再发生，交警部门加大了执法力度.修改意见：（2）改革开放30年来，人民的物质生活水平有了明显的改变。
修改意见：4．下列关于文学名著的表述，有误的一项是（）（2分）A．“一头红焰发蓬松,两只眼睛亮似灯。
不黑不青蓝靛脸，如雷如鼓老龙声。
身披一领鹅黄氅，腰束双攒露白藤。
项下骷髅悬九个，手持宝杖甚峥嵘"，写的是沙僧。
B．《格列佛游记》是英国作家斯威夫特的一部讽刺小说，它通过虚构的离奇情节和丰富的讽刺手法深刻剖析了当时的英国社会现实。
C．赵云是蜀国五虎将之一，以骁勇善战著称。
一杆长枪，勇救幼主，征战无数，屡建奇功。
D．鲁达和林冲、史进在潘家酒楼吃酒，遇到金翠莲父女卖唱乞讨，得知他们父女受了郑屠欺负,不禁大怒,不但慷慨解囊，而且三拳打死了镇关西.5．默写。
（8分）(1）曾子曰：“；？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”（《论语·学而》)（2）僵卧孤村不自哀， .（陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》)（3），悠然见南山.（陶渊明《饮酒》）（4)臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，，。
（诸葛亮《出师表》)（5）文天祥《过零丁洋》中表明自己舍生取义的决心，充分体现民族气节的两句诗是：。
2019年呼和浩特市中考语文参考答案
略
语 文 答 案 第 1 页 (共 2 页 ) 语 文 答 案 第 2 页 (共 2 页 )
2019年 呼 和 浩 特 市 中 考 试 卷
语文参考答案及评分标准
第一部分:选择题(本题包括7小题,共 12分) 1(2)(1分) 3(2分) 7(2分) 8(2分) 11(2分) 19(1分) 27(2分)
A、C
D
D
B
C
D
D
第 二 部 分 :(108 分 )
一 、积 累 与 运 用 (15 分 )
1.(1)(2分) 磅礴 ɡèn jué
2.(1 分 ) ① ⑤
4. 名著阅读(5分)
(1)(3 分 )
人物
细节描述
作者评论⑥朱德③来自②红小鬼④
(2)(2 分 )示 例 :《我 爱 这 土 地 》《雪 落 在 中 国 的 土 地 上 》《复 活 的 土 地 》
在《我爱这土地》一诗中,“土地”象征贫 穷 落 后、多 灾 多 难 的 祖 国。凝 聚 着 诗 人 对 祖 国,
13.(5 分 )
(1)另 一 个 人 虽 然 和 他 一 起 学 习 ,却 比 不 上 他 。
(2)天色湛蓝,是它真正的颜色吗? 还是因为天空高远而看不到尽头呢?
四 、现 代 文 阅 读 (28 分 ) (一 )记 叙 文 阅 读 (13 分 ) 14.(2 分 )“魅 力 ”用 得 最 好 。 开 头 就 引 起 读 者 猜 想 又 统 领 了 文 章 内 容 。 15.(1 分 )我 却 没 有 机 缘 看 日 出 ,而 只 能 从 书 本 上 去 欣 赏 。 16.(3 分 )为 写 日 出 作 铺 垫 。 用 对 比 或 衬 托 的 手 法 。 17.(3 分 )先 写 想 看 日 出 ,结 果 却 写 日 落 ;接 着 写 了 两 位 作 家 对 日 出 的 描 写 ,然 后 写 作 者 两 次 没 有 看 到 日 出 ,最 后 才 写 作 者 看 到 日 出 的 经 过 。 18.(4分)作者由欣赏日出的喜悦转而进入庄严的思考,面对“雄伟、瑰 丽 的 日 出 景 象”作 者 想 到 的 是 “我 们 是 早 晨 六 点 钟 的 太 阳 ”,想 到 的 是 “新 中 国 瑰 丽 的 景 色 ”,从 而 揭 示 出 文 章 的象征义。表达对祖国赤诚的爱。 (二 )说 明 文 阅 读 (9 分 ) 20.(1 分 )在 世 界 的 一 隅 ,存 在 着 人 类 的 一 大 奇 迹 ,这 个 奇 迹 就 是 圆 明 园 。 21.(2 分 )③ 段 画 线 句 用 比 喻 的 修 辞 方 法 生 动 地 描 写 出 置 身 圆 明 园 中 的 美 好 感 受 ,说 明 圆 明 园 的 建 筑 美 ;① 段 画 线 句 用 比 喻 的 修 辞 方 法 形 象 地 论 证 了 圆 明 园 属 于 幻 想 艺 术 。 22.(2 分 )说 明 焚 烧 圆 明 园 是 有 领 导 、有 目 的 、有 指 挥 的 行 动 。 23.(2 分 )揭 示 了 侵 略 者 的 贪 婪 与 无 耻 。 24.(2 分 )《圆 明 园 的 毁 灭 》以 说 明 为 主 要 表 达 方 式 ,“附 文 ”以 议 论 为 主 要 表 达 方 式 。 (三 )议 论 文 阅 读 (6 分 ) 25.(1分)1919年5月4 日 26.(1 分 )⑤ 段 28.(2 分 )“我 们 党 领 导 人 民 不 懈 奋 斗 的 历 史 进 程 ” “人 民 的 事 业 取 得 的 全 部 成 就 ” 29.(2 分 )共 有5 项 。 最 后 一 段 中 共 有 五 个 “就 是 要 ”,可 以 确 定 。 (或 “最 后 一 段 中 共 有 四 个 分 号 ,可 以 确 定 ”。) 五 、作 文 (50 分 ) 30. 小作文(10分)
(高清版)2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考数学试卷
二、填空题(本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分.把答案填写在题中的横线上)
11.因式分解： x 2 y 4 y 3
.
12.下面三个命题：①底边和顶角对应相等的两个等腰三角形全等；②两边及其中一边
上的中线对应相等的两个三角形全等；③斜边和斜边上的中线对应相等的两个直角
三角形全等,其中正确的命题的序号为
(1)求反比例函数解析式；若点 (a, y1) 和 (a 1, y2 ) 在反比例函数的图象上,试比较
y1 与 y2 的大小；
数学试卷 第 7页（共 30页）
25.(12 分)已知二次函数 y ax2 bx c 且 a b,若一次函数 y kx 4 与二次函数的图
象交于点 A(2,0) .
20.(7 分)如图,已知甲地在乙地的正东方向,因有大山阻隔,由甲地到乙地需要绕行丙地.
已知丙地位于甲地北偏西 30 方向,距离甲地 460 km,丙地位于乙地北偏东 66 方向,
上 现要打通穿山隧道,建成甲乙两地直达高速公路,如果将甲、乙、丙三地当作三个点 A、 B、C,可抽象成图(2)所示的三角形,求甲乙两地之间直达高速线路的长 AB(结果用含 非特殊角的三角函数和根式表示即可).
无
()
效
数学试卷 第 1页（共 30页）
A.从 2013 年到 2016 年,该校纸质书人均阅读量逐年增长 B.2013 年至 2018 年,该校纸质书人均阅读量的中位数是 46.7 本 C.2013 年至 2018 年,该校纸质书人均阅读量的极差是 45.3 本 D.2013 年至 2018 年,该校后三年纸质书人均阅读量总和是前三年纸质书人均阅读量 总和的 2 倍
毕业学校_____________ 姓名________________ 考生号________________ ________________ _____________
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语试卷以及解析答案
2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语试卷第一卷（选择题，共计85分）Ⅰ、单项选择：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．（1分）We usually go swimming in_____summer．But in____summer of 2018，we didn't．（）A．/；/B．a；a C．/；the D．a；/2．（1分）﹣May I help you with some jeans，sir？﹣Yes，I′d like to try on those blue_____．（）A．one B．pair C．two D．ones3．（1分）﹣Jack，let′s have a picnic after school．﹣Sorry．I have_____Frank to work on the biology report with him．（）A．advised B．expected C．suggested D．promised4．（1分）_____me an email before you come to Hohhot，and I'll meet you at the train station．（）A．Send B．Sending C．To send D．Sent5．（1分）﹣Did you call Michael back？﹣I didn' t need to，_____I'll see him tomorrow．（）A．unless B．because C．when D．though6．（1分）Sitting down after a walk is relaxing．But would you like to sit on a seat____tells you your weight？（）A．/B．who C．whom D．that7．（1分）Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River．great courage he showed!（）A．What a B．What C．How a D．How8．（1分）Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily_____the windows．（）A．against B．across C．above D．below9．（1分）I really need to take more exercise because I'm_____ weight．（）A．putting down B．putting onC．putting off D．putting away10．（1分）﹣Will you do any cleaning in the park this Sunday？﹣______!I do so every Sunday．（）A．Nice work B．No shoutingC．You bet D．In with a chance11．（1分）﹣He is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane．﹣What？I have never heard of idea before．（）A．a crazier B．the crazierC．a craziest D．the craziest12．（1分）The shop in Wanda Square _______ for six years，but I ______ there so far．（）A．has opened；haven't goneB．has been open；haven't beenC．has been open；haven't goneD．has been opened；haven't been13．（1分）It is wise____Linda to make up her mind____to play an instrument．（）A．for；learning B．for；to learnC．of；learning D．of；to learn14．（1分）Frederick_____entered the final competition last month．His hobby has brought him_____．（）A．successful；successB．successful；successfullyC．successfully；successD．successfully；successful15．（1分）She was so angry at _______ he was doing _______ she walked out without a word．（）A．what；that B．that；what C．what；what D．that；thatⅡ、完型填空（共2小题；每小题10分，满分20分）16．（10分）"The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence．" Thats an old （1）in English．It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place in （2）you live．Some people worry （3）young Chinese are beginning to feel that way．They see young Chinese paying no attention to Chinese culture and，（4），buying Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating Western holidays．Foreign books and soap operas are good，（5）Chinese writers and actors are just as good．As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can （6）have the meaning for Chinese that the Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with the Mid﹣autumn Festival．And let′s not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best （7）friendliness．Not all countries are as （8）as China．It's good to enjoy other cultures and （9）from them，but they cannot replace your own culture．It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but （10）you takea good long look．You will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of thefence．（1）A．word B．saying C．sentence D．rule（2）A．that B．when C．where D．which（3）A．that B．if C．why D．whether（4）A．however B．besides C．instead D．then（5）A．and B．so C．but D．or（6）A．still B．never C．always D．ever（7）A．they B．Their C．it D．its（8）A．warm B．warmer C．cold D．colder（9）A．learns B．learning C．in learning D．to learn（10）A．make up B．make up of C．make sure D．be sure to 17．（10分）A restaurant had once fallen upon hard times．Only five （1）were left；the manager and four others，all over 60 years old．In the town near the restaurant there lived a successful businessman who was good at managing business，so the manager （2）to ask the businessman if he could offer any advice that might save the restaurant．The manager and the businessman talked for a long period of time，but when he was asked for advice，the businessman （3）for a whileand then said，"I have no advice to give．The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you．"The manager，returning to the restaurant （4）．told the other people what the businessman had said．In the months that （5），the old restaurant workers thought carefully of the words of the businessman，"The saver is one of us？they asked themselves．As they thought about this possibi lity，they all began to treat each other with （6）respect（尊重）．And thinking that each of themselves might be the saver，they also began to treat themselves with more care．As time went by，people coming to the restaurant （7）that some respect and warm kindness were around the five old members of the small restaurant．Hardly knowing （8），more people began to come back to the restaurant．They began to bring their friends，and theirs brought more friends．Two （9）later，the small restaurant had once again become a big food company．thanks to the businessman's （10）．They understood that it was they themselves that were the savers．（1）A．cooks B．waiters C．members D．customers（2）A．hoped B．began C．allowed D．decided（3）A．stopped B．refused C．rested D．laughed（4）A．angrily B．hopefully C．lively D．nervously（5）A．following B．followed C．going D．gone（6）A．strange B．similar C．strong D．special（7）A．received B．advised C．felt D．wished（8）A．what B．how C．why D．when（9）A．years B．days C．hours D．minutes（10）A．advice B．words C．methods D．successⅢ.阅读理解:(共5小题;每小题10分,满分50分）18．（10分）Do you want a job in the holidays？Just go for it．First，you need to know what kind of job is suitable for your age and interest．If you're l3 to 15．It seems that you can't work almost anywhere，but you're probably allowed to clean your neighbours' cars or walk their dogs．There is no lowest wage（工资）for children under 16．By law，you can't work more than 35 hours each week during school holidays．And you can't work before 7am or after 7pm．If you''re 16 to17The lowest wage for 16～17﹣year﹣old teenagers should be no less than seven dollars per hour．You can't work in a pub or bar，but you can work in many other places．By law，you can′t work more than 40 hours each week．What jobs are out there？Obviously your choices are limited（限制）by the fact that you can only work during school holidays，but the following situations are fine．At Chrstmas，most shops are short of hands，so you may find something to do there．In autumn，there′s always fruit picking．It can be pretty hard work，but it pays really well．If you're mad about football，you can choose to work in a sports shop or help out at a local football club．No matter how much you are paid，you are doing what you like．（1）In the school holidays，14﹣year﹣old kids．A．can work any where they wantB．are not allowed to work aloneC．can′t go to work at nightD．can work as long as 14 hours a day（2）How much can a 16﹣year﹣old kid be paid at least in two hours？A．21 dollars．B．17 dollars．C．14 dollars．D．7 dollars．（3）If you want to clean cars for others，you should at least be．A.16B.15C.14D.13（4）According to the passage，fruit picking is．A．not right for childrenB．tiring but pays wellC．better than other jobsD．more interesting to girls（5）According to the passage，which statement is true？A．If you are 17 years old，you′re not allowed to walk the dog for your neighbour．B．Teenagers can choose their jobs aocording to their interest．C．Fruit Picking pays well because there are fewer people to pick it．D．Only a football fan is allowed to work in a foot ball club．19．（10分）A new study finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online．Susannah Fox from the Pew Internet Project says doctors are still the main source of health information．But the study found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion．He says，"People are sort of fact﹣checking what they have heard from a doctor．Our studies show that people are still very likely to turn to a health doctor when they need a diagnosis（诊断）or are planning a treatment．"Forty percent of people are actually looking for doctors or other providers when they search for health information online．Two thirds of Internet users look online for information about a certain disease or medical condition．The Internet has also become an important source of spiritual support for people with health problems．Susannah Fox says one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition．A disease is considered uncommon if it affects（侵袭）fewer than 200，000 peopleworldwide．The rise of social networking has made it easier for people with uncommondiseases to connect with each other and feel less alone．Socal networking is also changing the way some doctors and patients com municate with each other．Dr Jeff Livingston operates a medical centre for women in Irving，Texas．His office uses password﹣protected software to share information with patients．He says the software has increased efficiency （效率），reduced costs and improved relations with patients．It has just changed the way we do health care．His medical centre also has a Facebook page， a MySpace page and a Twitter feed．（1）is one of the most popular ways people look for health information．A．Asking their parentsB．The Pew Internet ProjectC．Searching onlineD．Reading books on medicine（2）What makes people search for health information online？A．People's interests in health．B．People's health condition．C．Importance of the Internet．D．The rise of online treatment．（3）From the fourth paragraph we know that．A．people with health problems go online to look for the new treatmentB．people with health problems try to share their experience with others onlineC．people with health problems encourage each other online to fight against diseases D．Internet becomes a place for people with health problems to reduce worries（4）According to Paragraph 5，social networking．A．becomes a new way for doctors and patients to communicate with each other B．encourages people to get more help from doctors online in timeC．helps people to get more confidence about the treatment of their diseasesD．makes people easier to know more about what their diseases are（5）What can we infer（推断）from the last paragraph？A．Internet is an easy way for doctors to treat their patients．B．Doctors should change their way to treat their patients．C．Facebook，MySpace and Twitter become efficient tools for doctors．D．Most patients would like to ask their doctors for help online now．20．（10分）One day a young man was standing in a crowded place，shouting that he had the most beautiful heart in the world．Most of the people who saw his heart were amazed at the beauty of his heart．It had no little flaw（瑕疵）．Suddenly，an old man appeared and said，"Oh，my son，your heart is not as beautiful as mine．"The old man showed his heart to the young man．It was beating strongly，but full of scars．It had places where pieces had been removed and other pieces put in．But they didn' t fit quite right，and there were gaps and rough（崎岖不平的）edges．Some places had never been filled in．The young man laughed，"My dear old man，_______ Comparing your heart with mine，mine is perfect and yours is full of scars．"The old man said，"Dear boy，my heart is just as beautiful as your heart．You see each scar shows where I have given my love．Sometimes people give me a piece of their heart back，and it fills the space as best it can．Other times，I give my love and get nothing in return．Those are the empty spaces．They hurt，but they show me that I can love and love again．"The young man stood still．His eyes were filled with tears．He walked up to the old man，tore a piece of his heart and gave the piece to the old man．The old man placed it in his heart，and then took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound in the young man's heart．The young man looked at his heart，not perfect any more but more beautiful than ever．（1）The underlined word "scar" means""in Chinese．A．疤痕B．隔阂C．斑点D．补丁（2）Which of the following can be put in""？A．I quite agree with you！B．it's against the rules！C．are you joking？D．what can I do for you？（3）How did the young man feel after he heard what the old man said？A．Surprised．B．Touched．C．Nervous．D．Proud．（4）what does the story want to tell us？A．We should be proud of who we are．B．We shouldn't think too much of ourselves．C．Nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it．D．Give our love，though we sometimes get nothing in return．（5）What's the best title for the passage？A． A Broken HeartB．The Most Beautiful HeartC． A Wise Old ManD．What is True Love？21．（10分）A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night′s sleep．But now a study has found it really does help people nod off﹣if it is milked from a cow at night．Researchers have discovered that" night milk" has more melatonin（褪黑激素），which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and less worried．In the study，mice were fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night by researchers from Seoul，South Korea．Those given night milk，which had 10 times the amount of melatonin，were less active and less worried than those fed with the milk collected during daytime，according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food．Night milk quicken the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer．While the effect of milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now，taking melatonin medicine has been suggested to those who are trying to fall asleep at night．Studies have also showed that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because there is calcium（钙）in it，which helps people to relax．Milk is also sugar﹣free because it is the least fattening．The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will have on your body at night．根据上文内容判断正（T）误（F）（1）According to the passage，the mice fed with daytime milk were less active．（2）The study has been tested on mice for ten times．（3）People with sleeping problems have been advised to drink milk collected during the night by researchers．（4）Milk is good for sleep because there is melatonin and calcium in it．（5）The writer shows the main idea of the passage by giving examples．22．（10分）A：Hello，Bob!How is it going？B：Hello，Kate!（1）And you？A：Very well．What's your plan for the summer？B：I had a Chinese course last year，and I'd like to go on with it this summer．A：How was the course？（2）B：Yes．It seemed that way at first．But after a while it became easier．A：You were the best in the class，right？B：I did get an A．Well，could you tell me your summer plan？（3）A：No，not this summer．（4）B：That sounds very interesting．Can I go with you？A：（5）Oh，here comes the bus!Goodbye!B：Goodbye!A．But I plan to go to Africa next summer．B．Will you travel somewhere interesting？C．Where do you come from？D．Is Chinese very difficult？E．I'm OK．F．Travelling is very expensive．G．No problem．第二卷（非选择题，共计35分）Ⅳ.用所给词或短语的适当形式填空:(共1小题;每小题10分，满分10分)23．（10分）someone；wait for；decide；even though；week；as well as；high；mention；Germany；try one′s best （1）﹣Could I ask if you this to her till now？﹣Yes，but she refused to listen．（2）the usual activities，such as sailing and climbing，there was a writing class in the summer camp．（3）On a beach，run away from the sea and move quickly to ground when an earthquake happens．（4）In order to catch the early bus，we had to stop them．（5）As is known to all，who breaks the rules should be punished．（6）He asked for two leave to look after his sick father．（7）During the World War II，millions of lost their lives．（8）﹣Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting？﹣No decision yet．I think it after discussing with my PE teacher．（9）The students in Miss Wang's class are all to study hard to go to the university．（10）She won't leave the Tv set，her supper is on the table．V.阅读理解填词:(共10个空;每空1分,满分10分)24．（10分）Smartphones and e﹣readers have become more common in recent years．Some people think that the days of paper books will be gone．But recent surveys have shown that traditional books are still popular （1）a readers．Research company Nielsen found that in the UK，sales of e﹣books are （2）f while sales of paper books are rising．More surprisingly，it's young people who are buying the most physical books．Another survey of university students from the United States．Slovakia（斯洛伐克）and Japan also showed that 92 percent of （3）t preferred paperbooks．So what is（4）b paper book comeback（回归）？The most popular reason given was：I like to hold the product．It' s true that paper books bring a very different reading experience．Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books．Other students said that they could get a （5）s of accomplishment （成就）when they finished reading a paper book．Paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of reading．Many people like to sign their name on the（6）i cover．If the cover gets bent（弯曲）or there is a stain （污点）made on the pages from coffee，all the better．The （7）a make the book even more personal．It's as if readers of paper books make friends with them．This" friendship" people（8）d with books isn' t just sentimental（情感的）．Research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books （9）t e﹣books．People also more （10）e end up with headaches or sore eyes while reading e﹣books．So why not pick up a book and start reading？Ⅵ.初级写作:(满分15分)25．（15分）临近毕业，学校在学习小组内开展了初中阶段自评和组评活动，假设你是Rainbow小组的组长Zhang hong，请你为你的组员Li Ming进行综合素质的评价，写一份素质报告．内容包括：1．他的爱好；2．他的优点（两条）；3．他的缺点或存在的问题；4．你对他的建议（两条）．要求：1．表达清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯；2．要点必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥但不得出现真实班级、姓名等；3．词数：不少于80词（所给内容不计入总词数）．Li Ming is a member of my team called Rainbow．___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考英语试卷答案与解析第一卷（选择题，共计85分）Ⅰ、单项选择：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．【分析】我们通常在夏天去游泳．但是2018年的夏天，我们没去．【解答】根据句意：我们通常在夏天去游泳．但是2018年的夏天，我们没去．第一空泛指夏天，不加冠词；第二空特指2018年的夏天，用the．故选：C．【点评】熟悉冠词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．2．【分析】﹣﹣先生，我能帮您挑选牛仔裤吗？﹣﹣是的，我想试穿那些蓝色的牛仔裤．【解答】根据those blue可知用复数，代词ones代替jeans，句意：是的，我想试穿那些蓝色的牛仔裤．故选：D．【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答3．【分析】﹣杰克，放学后我们去野餐吧．﹣抱歉．我答应弗莱克和他一起做生物学报告．【解答】A表示建议，B表示期待、盼望，C表示建议，D表示承诺、允诺．根据题干中Sorry可知杰克不能放学后去野餐，因为他承诺弗莱克和他一起去做生物学报告，其中promise sb．to do sth．表示承诺某人做某事．故选：D．【点评】本题考查动词辨析，基础题，熟悉常见动词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．4．【分析】你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你．【解答】根据句意：你来呼和浩特之前给我发一封电子邮件，我在火车站等你．可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头．故选：A．【点评】熟悉祈使句的用法，结合题意，给出答案．5．【分析】﹣你给迈克尔回电话了吗？﹣我没有必要．因为我明天会见到他．【解答】根据句意：﹣你给迈克尔回电话了吗？﹣我没有必要．因为我明天会见到他．结合选项，A．除非B．因为C．当…时D．虽然，选项B符合题意．故选：B．【点评】熟悉从属连词的用法，结合题意，给出答案．6．【分析】散步后坐下来是放松的．但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗？【解答】根据句意：散步后坐下来是放松的．但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗？可知考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是seat，指物．作主语，关系代词用that/which，故选：D．【点评】熟悉关系代词的基本用法，结合选项，给出答案．7．【分析】关董救了一位老太太走出长江．他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！【解答】从句意知，本题考查的是感叹句，由于courage是不可数名词，因此用感叹词What，故选：B．【点评】由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an，复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词．8．【分析】本正在帮他妈妈的忙，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上．【解答】against"反对、违反，对…不利（敲打）"；above"超过、在…下面"；below"在…下面、低于"；across"横穿"，四者都是介词，因make mistakes in "在…犯错误"．由题干" 本正在帮他妈妈的忙，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上．"可知，空格是"打"，用against，所以答案应是against．故选：A．【点评】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．9．【分析】我真的需要多锻炼因为我长胖了．【解答】put off"推迟"；put on"穿上；增加"；put down"放下"；put away"放好"．根据need to take more exercise 可知，因为我体重增加，所以需要减肥，故选：B．【点评】建议学生平时的学习中要注重总结一些常用的结构类似的短语，记忆他们的准确意义及其用法．10．【分析】这个星期天你会打扫公园吗？肯定!我每个星期天都这样做．【解答】考查情境对话．A．Nice work干得好；B．No shouting 不要喊；C．You bet肯定!D．In with a chance有机会．根据I do so every Sunday．可知应说当然!故选：C．【点评】首先迅速的浏览一遍对话，根据对话的情境，I do so every Sunday．结合选项作答．11．【分析】翻译：﹣﹣特技演员正计划在飞行的飞机机翼上走．﹣﹣什么？我以前从未听说过一个比这更疯狂的想法．【解答】根据句意"没有听过比这更疯狂的一个想法"，"听过的想法"与"这一个"比较是比较级，"一个"指"听过的想法"里的任何一个，表泛指，又crazier的第一个音是辅音，所以用a，故选：A．【点评】本题注意从两点分析，一是比较级判断，二是冠词的使用，做题时需要分析全面．12．【分析】万达广场的商店已经开了六年了，但到目前为止我还没有去过．【解答】答案：B．考查动词短语．第一个空，由so far到目前为止．可知，现在完成时态．be open表示延续性动作．be的过去分词是been．A，D不正确．第二个空，have been 去过（已经回来了）．have gone去了（没回来）．结合语境"我还没有去过"，用haven't been．C 不正确．故选：B．【点评】考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的搭配．完成试题．13．【分析】对琳达来说明智的做法是下定决心学会演奏乐器．【解答】of"…的、由…组成的"；for"为、为了、对"，二者都是介词，learn"学习"是动词原形，它的不定式是to learn，它的动名词或现在分词是learning．因make up her mind to do sth ，因It's adj for/of sb to do sth．"对某人来说…样"，用for 是因为前面的adj是来描述do后面的sth．用of ，adj就用来形容sb的，it is adj of sb to do，这里的形容词是形容人的性格特征的，如nice，kind clever，foolish，smart，都是形容人的，it is adj for sb to do就是普通的形容词，如hard，impossible，important．由题干"对琳达来说明智的做法是下定决心学会演奏乐器．"可知，第一个空格用of；第二个空格是"学习"用不定式，用to learn，因此答案应是of；to learn．故选：D．【点评】本题考查介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答14．【分析】弗雷德里克上个月成功参加了最后的比赛．他的爱好使他成功了．【解答】success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词；结合句意"弗雷德里克上个月成功参加了最后的比赛．他的爱好使他成功了"可知，前空要用副词作状语，后空用名词作宾语．故选：C．【点评】考查词意辨析，要牢记单词的词意及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．15．【分析】她对他所做的事很生气，以至于她一言不发地走了出去．【解答】根据句意：她对他所做的事很生气，以至于她一言不发地走了出去．第一空考查what引导的宾语从句；第二空考查so…that…如此…以至于…故选：A．【点评】熟悉关系代词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．Ⅱ、完型填空（共2小题；每小题10分，满分20分）16．【分析】这篇文章讲得是一则谚语：邻家芳草绿，隔岸风景好．同时，文章向我们提到，如果你的眼光放长远，会发现没有得到的东西未必更好．【解答】1．B 考查名词．句意："篱笆另一边的草看起来更绿"这是英语中一句古老的谚语．选项中，word意为"单词，话语"；saying意为"谚语"；sentence意为"句子"；rule意为"规则"，结合文意可知，这句话中蕴含着人生道理，可见不是一句单纯的话语，而是一句谚语，故选：B．2．D 考查定语从句关系词．句意：那句话意思是说，其他的地方看起来比你所居住的地方更好、更有趣．选项中，that意为"那个"；when意为"何时"；where意为"在哪儿"；which意为"哪一个"，此题考查定语从句中关系词的用法，定语从句修饰地点时，关系词通常用where，而where同样可以转换为in which，故选：D．3．A 考查宾语从句．句意：一些人担心中国的年轻人会开始那样想．选项中，that 意为"那个"；if意为"如果、是否"；why意为"为什么"；whether意为"是否"，结合句意可知，一些人担心年轻人那样想，所以填入"如果"、"是否"、"为什么"都不符合题意，故应选用that，此句为宾语从句，在宾语从句中，通常that不作为从句主要成分，故可省略，没有实际意义，故选：A．4．C 考查副词．句意：他们看到年轻人对中国文化无感，相反，却去买日本动漫书籍、观看韩国肥皂剧甚至是过西方的节假日．选项中，however意为"然而"；besides 意为"除…之外（还）"；instead意为"反而，代替，却"；then意为"那么"，结合句意，此处填入instead最为合适，意为"相反，反而"，故选：C．5．C 考查连词．句意：外国书籍和肥皂剧是很不错，但是中国的作家和演员同样很好．选项中，and意为"并且"；so意为"所以"；but意为"但是"；or意为"或者"，结合句子语境，填入but表示转折最为恰当，意为"但是"，故选：C．6．B 考查副词．句意：至于节假日，圣诞节是很好，但是它绝对没有春节在中国人心中的含义．选项中，still意为"仍然"；never意为"从不，绝不"；always意为"总是"；ever意为"曾经，在任何时候"，结合句子含义，再结合生活实际，我们知道，圣诞节是永远不会有春节在我们心中的地位高的，故选：B．7．D 考查形容词性物主代词．句意：不要忘了我最喜爱中国文化的那一部分：它的友爱！选项中，they意为"他们"；their意为"他们的"；it意为"它"；its意为"它的"，结合句意，作者提到，不要忘了他最喜爱的中国文化中的一部分：友爱！从句意中，我们可以了解到，这个友爱不是某个人的友爱，而是中国文化中的友爱，Chinese culture是不可数的，故要用it代替，而"中国文化的"，则用its来代替，故选：D．8．A 考查形容词．句意：不是所有的国家都和中国一样温暖．选项中，warm意为"温暖的"；warmer意为"更温暖的"；cold意为"寒冷的"；colder意为"更寒冷的"，结合前文，上一句话提到中国文化的友爱，所以说明中国很温暖，故排除C和D选项，而句中是as…as…结构，意为"和…一样…"，as和as之间，加上形容词和副词的原级，而非比较级，故选：A．9．D 考查动词．句意：喜爱其他文化，并且从中学习，这是好的现象．选项中，learn 意为学习，learns是其三单形式，learning是其动名词形式，in learning是一个介词短语，to learn是其动词不定式，题干处是一个形式主语：It is + adj + to do sth，意为"做某事是怎么样的"，故后面的动词，要用不定式结构，即to do sth，故选：D．10．C 考查动词短语．句意：看看篱笆另一边也是好的，但是要确保眼光足够好、足够长远．选项中，make up意为"化妆，构成"；make up of意为"由…构成"；make sure 意为"确保"；be sure to意为"确定去…"，结合选项和句意，此处填入make sure最为恰当，意为"确保"，故选：C【点评】面对此类题型，要学会灵活变化，从语法上、从上下文结构上解题，是主要的方式．17．【分析】本文通过一座饭店起死回生的故事说明，做事情要靠自己，要相信自己，搞好内部团结，才能干好事情．才能成功．【解答】1．C．考查名词．cooks厨师；waiters服务员；members 成员；customers顾客．根据语境可知，只有五名成员留了下来，即经理和其他四人．故选C．2．D考查动词．hoped希望；began 开始；allowed允许；decided决定．根据上文"In the town near the restaurant there lived a successful businessman who was good at managing business"可知，在这家饭店附近的城里住着一名很擅长经营的商人，因此经理决定去询问商人，他是否能提供任何建议，以便挽救这座饭店．故选D．3．A．考查动词．stopped 停止；refused 拒绝；rested休息；laughed大笑．根据语境可知，但是当商人被问及建议时，他停顿了一会儿．故选A．4．B．考查副词．angrily生气地；hopefully 有希望地；lively活泼地；nervously紧张地．根据上文"The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you"可知，我能告诉你的唯一事情是，拯救饭店的人是你们中的一个人．经理满怀希望地返回饭店，把商人说的话告诉其他人．故选B．5．B．考查动词．following（动名词）接下来的；followed（动词）跟从（服从；接着）；going（动名词）去；gone（过去分词）去．本句需要用动词作为从句的谓语，故知有B正确．句意：在接下来的几个月．故选B．6．C．考查形容词．strange奇怪的；similar 相似的；strong强壮的；special特殊的．根据语境可知，当他们考虑这种可能性时，他们都开始非常相互尊重．故选C．7．C．考查动词．received 收到；advised建议；felt 感觉；wished希望．根据语境可知，随着时间的过去，来饭店吃饭的人感觉到这个小饭店的五个成员存在着相互尊重和温情与善意．故选C．8．C．考查关系代词（副词）．what 什么；how 怎样；why为什么；when何时．根据语境可知，几乎不知道为什么，越来越多的人开始返回这里吃饭．故选C．9．A．考查名词．years 年；days日；hours 小时；minutes分钟．根据语境可知，由于商人的话，两年后，这个小饭店再次成为一个大食品公司．故选A．10．B．考查名词．advice建议；words 话；methods 方法；success成功．根据语境可知，根据上文"I have no advice to give．The only thing I can tell you is that the saver is one of you"可知，我没有什么建议．我能告诉你的唯一事情是，拯救饭店的人是你们中的一。
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2019年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考试卷语文一、语言的积累和运用（16分）1．根据拼音写汉字，给加点的字注音。
（2分）他长到最茂盛的中年，他伸展出他来荫庇树下的幽花芳草，他结出累累的果实，来呈现大地无尽的甜美与芳x īn。
峰环水抱的萨尔茨堡，高高低低的房屋鳞次栉比，庄严肃穆的修道院坐落在绿树浓荫中。
①xīn（）②栉（）2．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）（2分）似乎设计师和匠师们一致追求的是：务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上，眼前总是一幅完美的图画。
为了达到这个目的，他们讲究亭台轩榭的，讲究假山池沼的，讲究花草树木的，讲究近景远景的层次。
A．布局映衬配合 B．映衬布局配合C．配合布局映衬 D．布局配合映衬3．请对下列病句提出修改意见。
（2分）（1）为了防止这类交通事故不再发生，交警部门加大了执法力度。
修改意见：（2）改革开放30年来，人民的物质生活水平有了明显的改变。
修改意见：4．下列关于文学名著的表述，有误的一项是（）（2分）A．“一头红焰发蓬松，两只眼睛亮似灯。
不黑不青蓝靛脸，如雷如鼓老龙声。
身披一领鹅黄氅，腰束双攒露白藤。
项下骷髅悬九个，手持宝杖甚峥嵘”，写的是沙僧。
B．《格列佛游记》是英国作家斯威夫特的一部讽刺小说，它通过虚构的离奇情节和丰富的讽刺手法深刻剖析了当时的英国社会现实。
C．赵云是蜀国五虎将之一，以骁勇善战著称。
一杆长枪，勇救幼主，征战无数，屡建奇功。
D．鲁达和林冲、史进在潘家酒楼吃酒，遇到金翠莲父女卖唱乞讨，得知他们父女受了郑屠欺负，不禁大怒，不但慷慨解囊，而且三拳打死了镇关西。
5．默写。
（8分）（1）曾子曰：“；？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”（《论语·学而》）（2）僵卧孤村不自哀，。
（陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》）（3），悠然见南山。
（陶渊明《饮酒》）（4）臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，，。
（诸葛亮《出师表》）（5）文天祥《过零丁洋》中表明自己舍生取义的决心，充分体现民族气节的两句诗是：。
二、综合性学习（9分）阅读下面材料，回答问题。
【材料一】中国书法源渊流长，是我们民族文化的瑰宝。
研习、欣赏书法，可以增加书写的美感，增近对民族文化的了解和热爱，培养高雅的审美情趣。
【材料二】为了进一步推广素质教育，传承祖国优秀传统文化，提高学生的汉字书写能力，海南省从今年起加强中小学写字教学，把写字列入日常训练。
从今年秋季开学起，小学每天将安排10分钟的写字课，初中每天写字训练时间不少于一课时，且隔天安排15分钟写字时间。
【材料三】一幅书法作品。
6．材料一中有两个错别字，请改正：“”改为“”，“”改为“”。
（2分）7．把材料二的内容概括为一句话新闻。
（3分）8．欣赏材料三的书法作品，完成下列题目。
（4分）（1）这幅书法作品的字体属于（）（1分）A．行书 B．草书 C．隶书 D．楷书（2）请用正楷简化字写出这幅书法作品的最后一行。
（3分）三、文言文阅读（12分）阅读下面文字，完成9-12题。
【甲】舜发于畎亩之中，傅说举于版筑之间，胶鬲举于鱼盐之中，管夷吾举于士，孙叔敖举于海，百里奚举于市。
故天将降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。
人恒过然后能改，困于心衡于虑而后作，征于色发于声而后喻。
入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡，然后知生于忧患，而死于安乐也。
（《生于忧患，而死于安乐》）【乙】余幼时即嗜学。
家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。
天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。
录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。
以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。
……当余之从师也，负箧曳屣行深山巨谷中。
穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知。
至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。
寓逆旅，主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。
同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人；余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意。
以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。
盖余之勤且艰若此。
（节选自明宋濂《送东阳马生序》）9．解释下列句子中加点的词。
（2分）①媵人持汤沃灌汤：②故天将降大任于是人也任：10．下列加点词意思相同的一组是（）（2分）A．人恒过然后能改以其境过清 B．傅说举于版筑之间时时而间进C．无敌国外患者，国恒亡河曲智叟亡以应 D．以衾拥覆祭以尉首11．把文中画线句子翻译成现代汉语。
（4分）（1）必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨。
（2）以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。
12．阅读简答。
（4分）（1）甲文开头连用六个排比列举事实，证明了什么道理？（2）乙文表现了宋濂的什么精神？四、现代文阅读（33分）（一）阅读下文，完成13-16题。
（13分）①袁隆平在北京得知找到野生雄性不育株的消息时，欣喜异常。
如同他劳作在夏日酷暑下的稻田里，正值灼热难耐之际，忽然迎面吹来一股清凉的风，拂拭着他的肌肤，熨帖着他的心灵。
那种无比幸福的感觉，融进了他的血液，渗入了他的周身，这种幸福的感觉从此几乎追随了他的后半生。
②袁隆平连夜乘火车南下赶赴天涯海角。
③当他来到南红农场时，恰好是次日的清晨，他来不及休息，使与李必湖一起，踏着晶莹的露珠，穿过迷蒙的雾霭，走近那棵野生的雄性不育株。
只见那棵野生的雄性不育株静静地伫立着，披着迷蒙的雾霭，款款地低下了头。
那绿色的长发，在微风中轻柔地飘着，那浅浅的乳黄色的长蕊，嫣然而笑，似乎在为远方的“情人”绽放着清香的花朵。
④袁隆平分别采集了3个稻穗上尚未开放的小花朵，置于100倍显微镜下观察，看到了大量不规则形状的碘败花粉粒，经反复辨认后，他激动得大声叫好：“妙，妙!这的确是一株天然的雄性败育野生稻!”他当即为这棵野生雄性不育株命名为“野败”，其含意就是野生的雄性败育稻。
⑤两年以来，袁隆平以寻觅野生雄性不育株为事业。
为了它，他天南地北地长途跋涉；为了它，他朝朝暮暮，不眠不休。
当见到这株“野败”以后，他如同一位痴情少男，与他心爱的少女进行了一次心灵的对话：⑥好一个“野败”，总算找到你了。
⑦我朝思暮想的“野败”，终于找到你了。
⑧这么多年了，你总是躲躲闪闪的，你让我盼得好苦啊!⑨我朝思暮想的“野败”，我们终于相遇了。
多么漫长的寻觅啊，你终于有了可喜可贺的归宿。
⑩从那一刻开始，袁隆平日日夜夜守候在他心爱的“野败”身边。
太阳、月亮和星星也轮流照看着他的“野败”。
那“野败”如婴儿般无拘无束地舒展开双臂，生机勃勃地贴近身边成行的栽培稻。
轻轻吹来的风，飘飘洒洒的细雨，从从容容的流水，使得它从浅浅的嫩绿变成浓浓的墨绿。
袁隆平轻手轻脚地选择了精良的籼稻雄花为他的“野败”一次又一次地授粉。
11“野败”的发现，为袁隆平的杂交水稻事业打开了突○破口，这株“野败”，为杂交水稻科研事业的发展带来了契机，也使得袁隆平和他的助手们在杂交水稻的探索中出现了一个重要的转机。
12自然与人原本是有诸多机缘的。
黄河遇到了李白，才○会有“黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回”的千古绝唱；长江遇到了苏轼，才会有“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物”的盖世词章；那“野败”遇见了袁隆平，才会有几千亿公斤杂交水稻的收获。
○13上帝给的并不多，上帝只给袁隆平三穗“野败”，然而，他抓住了，他成功了……○14他像是一位到西天取经的唐僧，经过九九八十一道劫难，终于获得了成功!13．简要分析选文第③段画线句子的表达效果。
（3分）14．联系上下文，按要求回答问题。
（3分）（1）下面句中的“情人”具体指谁？似乎在为远方的“情人”绽放着清香的花朵。
（2）下面句子中的“终于”写出了袁隆平怎样的心情？我朝思暮想的“野败”，终于找到你了。
15．最适合做本文标题的一项是（）（2分）A．杂交水稻之父——袁隆平 B．三穗“野败” C．走近袁隆平 D．“野败”的故事16．阅读下面语句，请分析其人物描写方法对刻画人物的作用。
（5分）（1）袁隆平轻手轻脚地选择了精良的籼稻雄花为他的“野败”一次又一次地授粉。
（2）我父亲突然好想不安起来，他向旁边走了几步，瞪着眼看了看挤在卖牡蛎的身边的女儿女婿，就赶紧向我们走来。
他的脸色十分苍白，两只眼也跟寻常不一样。
（莫泊桑《我的叔叔于勒》）（二）阅读下文，完成17-20题。
（11分）植物“气象员”张晓天①植物不仅供给人们氧气和果实，而且也可以预报天气。
人们在生产过程中，观察到了一些植物预报天气的规律。
发现它们可以预报阴雨和温度。
②天气晴朗时，南瓜蔓梢是向上翘起生长的。
如果发现南瓜蔓梢下垂，那是天气转为阴雨的征兆；如果在连绵阴雨的天气里，南瓜蔓梢由下垂转为上翘，那就表明阴雨天气即将结束，晴朗的天气马上就会到来。
南瓜蔓为什么能指示天气呢？原来，天气在变化时，南瓜有向阳性和向阴性，这是南瓜在进化过程中为了更好地适应天气保护自身所形成的特性。
③风雨草生长在我国西双版纳的密林中，能预报风雨，它开花的习性很特殊，没有固定的时间。
可每当暴风雨来临之前的两三天，它那小巧玲珑的花就开放了。
而且暴风雨过后，它的花开得越发齐整和鲜艳，好像只有经过暴风雨的洗礼，才能显露其本身。
④“含羞草害羞，天将阴雨。
”天气正常时，你用手指触动它的叶柄，叶子马上就会合拢，但是很快就会恢复常态。
如果叶片自然下垂合拢，便是阴雨天气的征兆。
⑤在秘鲁的安第斯山区生长着一种奇特的“晴雨花”，它的花瓣紧密无隙，吸水性和透气性都很弱。
因此，每当下雨前气压低、空气中的水气密度饱和时，花蕊深处的露珠也就消失了。
这种现象是表明晴朗天气即将逝去，阴雨天马上就要到来。
因此，当地居民将这种花称为“晴雨花”。
⑥在炎热的夏季里，茅草的叶子和茎的交界处会冒出一小团水沫来，好像螃蟹吐沫那样，因此老百姓总结出“茅草叶柄吐沫，明天冒雨干活”的农谚。
⑦在瑞典的南部生长着一种名叫“三色鬼”的草，人们称它为“天然寒暑表”，因为这种草对温度的变化极为敏感。
在20℃以上时，它的叶片都是向斜上方伸出；温度若降低到15℃时，枝叶就向下运动，直到与地面平行时为止；当温度下降到10℃时，枝叶向下弯曲：如果温度回升到原来的状况，叶片就会恢复到原状。
⑧栗子树不但感觉灵敏，而且还能预测天气。
进入冬季以后，在预测到有霜或下雪的坏天气将要来临时，它会提前几个星期长出芽来。
研究证明，栗子树是在对夜间的时间长度进行“测量”之后，预知严冬的到来。
⑨在我国东北各省，农民喜欢在房前屋后或田边地头种植鬼子姜，用它的块茎来腌制咸菜。
据观察，鬼子姜能准确预报初霜，在它开花10天左右，就要降第一场霜了，从而提醒农民做好防霜抗冻的准备工作。
（选自2019年第5期《百科知识》，略有删改）17．选文标题运用了的说明方法，其作用是。
（3分）18．下面农谚适合用于本文的一项是（）（2分）A．河里泛青苔，必有大雨来。
B．日晕三更雨，月晕午时风。
C．老鹰盘旋，天气转晴。