2020年春人教新目标英语七年级下册Unit12知识点复习总结

2020年春人教新目标英语七年级下册

知识点归纳总结

Unit12 What did you do last weekend?

Section A

1.camp

(1)vi 宿营；露营；扎营

go camping 去野营camp out 野营露营

(2)n.野营；帐篷；营地summer camp 夏令营winter camp 冬令营

2.by

(1)by+地点名词表方位，在…旁边

by the lake/river/tree/window/door by the side of the path.在路边

注：表从…旁经过,多与动词go/walk/pass等连用。

(2)by+时间名词到…时（已发生某事），谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于…，在…之前

by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o`clock等。

By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。

(3)by+名词表方法、方式、手段等。

A. by+the+可数的时间、长度、重量等名词。按…计算，按…买(卖)

by the pound/ton/yard/meter/dozen/bale/day/month等。

B. by+表示时间、长度、重量等总称的不可数名词（名词前不加冠词）。按…计算，按…买(卖)

by time/volume/length/weight/height/depth/width/area等。

C. by+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。通过…，由…，乘…

by train/rail/tube/taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane;by land/road/sea/water/air等。（on foot)

D. by+抽象名词或具有抽象意义的普通名词（名词前不加冠词，不变复数）靠…，通过…，由…所致

by skill/determination/practice/diligence/inference/chance/accident;

by mail/letter/radio/fax/telephone/telegraph/hand/machine等。

E.by+地点或工具等具体名词。表路线、途径，通过（某物、某地），取道…

by a stone bridge/the back door/the freeway/country roads等

F.by+动词ing通过…，靠…，凭… by waiting/practing/begging/working/imitating

(4)by+数量词

A. 表升降、增减的程度。by one-fifth/20 percent/￡3/two feet

B. 表示距离和面积、体积中的尺寸及乘除法中的运算。

by 2cm/6 inches/four feet/nine yards/a hair`s breadth

(5)by+身体部位名词或衣服名词。表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分，常与动词catch/seize/take/hold/grab等连用

by the hair/hand/arm/nose/horns;by the collar/lape/sleeve等。

The policeman caught the thief by the arm.警察抓住了小偷的胳膊。

The soldier grabbed the child by the collar.那个士兵揪住了孩子的衣领。

(6)by的常见短语：

by means of/by way of/by the way/one by one/step by step/side by side/shoulder by shoulder/by oneself/

by birth/by society/take…by surprise/learn…by heart/what do you mean by …/by my watch

st/next/this/that + 时间在句中做状语时，其前不用介词

4. 常用do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t代替前文提到的动词。

(1) Who cleaned the room? Mike _____. A. was B. does C. is D. did

(2) I don’t think he is so great, but my mother _______.

(3) Peter visited his English teacher this morning, but Tony _______.

A. isn’t

B. wasn’t

C. doesn’t

D. didn’t

(4) I like Sports News very much. _____.A. I like, too B. I do, too C. I don’t like, either D. I don’t, either

(5) My father likes Sports News, but my mother _____.

5.as

(1)adv 表程度，同样地。在as...as...，not as...as...结构中的第一个as是adv，和／与...(不)一样

Jack is as tall as his father．杰克和他的父亲一样高。

He doesn't speak English as／so fluently as you．他的英语说得不如你流利。

(2) prep

A. 如，像They got united as one man．他们团结得像一个人一样。

B.充当，作为As a writer，he was famous．作为作家，他是很有名的。

(3) conj 常用来连接主句和状语从句

A.引导时间状语从句，当...的时候，有随着...之意,与while意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。

He shouted aloud as her ran along．他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。

I was startled as he opened the door．他一开门，我吓了一跳。

B.as作连词，相当于when。

As a little boy (When he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano．他小时候就开始学弹钢琴。

C. 引导原因状语从句，因为，由于,与because的用法相近。

I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do．我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。D. 引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句，正如，(如)像

As in your country，we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south．

正如(像)你们国家一样，我们在北方种小麦，在南方种大米。(方式状语从句)

When at Rome，do as Romans do．入乡随俗。(方式状语从句)

E. 引导让步状语从句，虽然，尽管,这时从句常用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as

之前。

Strange as it may seem，it is true．尽管这事看上去很奇怪，但却是真的。

Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties．不管怎样努力，汤姆还是摆脱不了困境。

(4)as作关系代词。

A.引导限制性定语从句，用在such...as,the same...as，as...as结构中，像...一样的人(或物)，凡是...的人(或物)

He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was．他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。

My hometown is no longer the same as it was．我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。

B.引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，这一点。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。

(5) as的固定词组的用法

A.as soon as一…就引导时间状语从句。

B.as／so long as只要

As／So long as you study hard，you'll make progress．只要你努力，你就会取得进步。

C. as if／though常用来引导方式状语从句，好像，仿佛,如果从句中讲的是非真实情况，则用虚拟语气。

She loves the child as if／though he were her own．她爱这个孩子如同爱自己的孩子。

D. As if／though也可用来引导表语从句，常用在It appears／looks／seems．．．+as if／though句型结构中。It appears as if／though it is going to clear up．看起来天要晴了。

It seems as if／though he knew nothing about it.他好像对此事一无所知。

E.as to关于，至于

There is no doubt as to his honesty．他的诚实是无可置疑的。

F.as much／many as多达...，达到...之多

He can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month．他每月能挣5000美元。

G.so／as far as I know就我所知在句中作插入语

As／So far as I know，he will come here next Monday．据我所知，他将于下星期一到这里来。

H. as a result，as a result of由于...的结果

I.as well也，还

Come early，and bring your brother as well．早点来，把你的弟弟也带来。