烘缸安全操作规程

Warm Dryer Start up 暖缸升温
Dryer Surface Temperature of 200oF or above and zero pressure in the Yankee 烘缸在200oF时开始升温 Repeat the procedures for the cold dryer start up 重复冷缸暖缸的过程 Follow the same pressurizing rate. 根据下列比例操作 From To Time (minutes) (从5 psig到15 psig需要7.5分钟,从15 5 15 7.5 psig到35 psig需要5.5分钟,从35 psi 15 35 5.5 到操作压力需要3分钟) 35 Operating pressure 3.0
过度冲水造成热冲击 温度急增的结果
Fire Fighting Pre-Cautions 怎样救火
It’s OK for water to “dance” across the Yankee, but avoid steady streams. 尽量避免水在烘缸上 Use short bursts of water versus continuous flow, if possible. 尽可能使用有压力的水 Do NOT concentrate the stream on a single point of the Yankee, even if Yankee is turning. 尽管烘缸在运转,水也不要集中于某一点
Wrap up -General Rules 基本规则
Steam must not be admitted into cold Yankee unless dryer is rotating –keep steam flow slow. 蒸气不允许突然通进冷的烘缸. NEVER hose a Yankee when it is not turning –break up the stream of water 不要在停止的时候喷洒水 Maximum time a Yankee can be stopped under steam pressure is 30 minutes 在蒸气压力下,烘缸可以停止的最大时间为30分钟 Use of edge sprays are to be minimized 喷淋的水量要尽量少 Sprayboom must be off when Yankee is not turning 烘缸停止的同时也必须关闭喷淋系统
烘缸安全操作程序
Yankee Program Objectives 烘缸程序的目的
Personnel protection 个人保护 Loss Prevention 减少浪费 Asset Optimization 资源的优化配置
What is a Yankee? 什么是烘缸
It is a Cast iron Pressure vessel 它是一个压力容器 1.In compliance with American Society of Mechanical Engineering (ASME) 要求按照ASME操作程序操作 2.Need to be inspected annually by Insurance inspector and our Maintenance 要求对仪器进行维修和年检 3. Need to get approval to make changes 所有操作程序的变更需要的到确认
不成功的开车：
Baidu Nhomakorabea
烘缸爆炸：机房车间的残余情景
Fire Fighting Pre-Cautions 怎样防火
Avoid, or Absolutely Minimize, water contact on a stopped Yankee. 尽量避免水集中在停止的烘缸 Be aware of the volume of water from sprinkler systems that may be in contact with the Yankee. 注意喷淋水的量 Insure automatic sprinklers do not directly impinge on the Yankee. 注意不要直接把水喷在上面
热应力的重要性
Fire Fighting Around Yankees 烘缸周围防火
Yankees have exploded during fire fighting efforts.烘缸在爆炸时防火 •Following these guidelines should insure that a catastrophic failure of the Yankee will not occur during a fire fighting episode. 根据一些指示去做就可能避免发生爆炸的悲剧 •Being cautious of how you, and those around you, are handling water around the Yankee will help insure the safety of our fellow employees. 要知道如何用水来救火就会防止发生人身安全
Avoidance of Thermal Shock 怎样防止热冲击
Hoods 气罩 Hoses 水管水 Welding焊接点 Yankee Coating烘缸涂层 Sprinklers/Fire fighting水或火的冲击 Profilers Edge showers喷淋系统
热冲击 温度急增的结果：烘缸爆炸
Yankee Explosive Failures Main Cause is Thermal Shock 爆炸主要是由于热冲击引起
The two major causes of Thermal Shock are: 引起热冲击主要有两个原因 Excessive Water Contact 过度和水接触 Start-up Conditions 开启条件 warm-up 暖缸 non-uniform temperature of head and shell 温度不一致
Routine Operation 操作步骤
1. Three components of stress in the Yankee are protected by protective devices: 这个仪器是由三个部分构成的并且都有保护装置 (1) Pressure is limited by safety relief valves 压力是由安全阀来控制的 (2) Over speed is protected by drive controls 速度是由速度控制装置来控制的 (3).Bending stresses caused by pressure roll - limited by controls 通过控制压榨辊能引起弯曲 2. Surface Temperature is not to exceed 380oF 表面温度不能超过380oF 3. Yankee is not protected against thermal abuse 烘缸在下列情况下不受保护 Rapid cooling by hoses 通过水快速降温 Stopping of dryer – especially on high temperature hoods 高温下不能停止运转 Cross deckle and edge sprays 整个幅面和边缘 Edge sprays should be no greater than 1.5 gpm 喷雾不能超过1.5加仑/分钟
Cold Dryer Start upDryer Surfacetemperature 125oF or below 冷缸启动是在温度在125℃或以下
Warm up steam lines to Yankee – lines free of condensate. (Maint. usually takescare of this) 暖缸时蒸气及冷凝水管路要通畅.(要求特别注意这一点) Start Yankee in Sunday Drive 开启烘缸要求慢慢的(先爬行速度到运行速度) ( ) Slowly start to open Sunday Drive steam valve. 慢慢开启蒸气阀 If temperature of dryer is at room temperature it should take 1 hour to heat it to212oF. Recommend not to go over 5 psig. Hold for 30 minutes. 温度升高到212oF需要1个小时,记住不要超过5 psig. 等待30分钟 •We have built in safeties to help control warm up. 我们已经建立了一个安全程序去暖缸 From To Time (minutes) (从5 psig到15 psig需要7.5分钟,从15 5 15 7.5 psig到35 psig需要5.5分钟,从35 psi 15 35 5.5 到操作压力需要3分钟) 35 Operating pressure 3.0
以前的薄页纸机爆炸情景：
希腊：救火造成的烘缸爆炸情景
Fire Fighting Pre-Cautions 怎样防止火
Evacuate the area of non-essential personnel. 在这个区域撤退所有无关人员 ฀ Keep the Yankee running if possible. 尽可能使烘缸运行 ฀ Shut off steam supply to Yankee. 关闭进入烘缸的蒸气 ฀ Unload pressure roll and shutdown Yankee hoods. 压榨辊卸压和气罩打开 ฀ Use dry extinguishers, if possible. 使用干粉灭火器
Emergency Shut-Downs 紧急停机
A hot Yankee is susceptible to explosion when it is not rotating. 不在运转的情况下高温容易产生爆炸 1 Raise hoods where applicable 把覆盖物拿掉 2 Turn off heat to hoods 停止加热 3 Turn off steam to dryer – if Yankee has stopped for4over10 minutes relief valve should open. 如果烘缸已经停止4到10分钟必须关闭蒸气阀并且冷凝水阀需要打开 4 Turn off all water sprays 关闭所有的喷淋装置 5 Try to keep Yankee turning or get it turning as soon as possible. 尽可能的尝试使烘缸运转起来