并列句、复合句大全
简单句并列句复合句(全)
根据句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1简单句只包含一个主谓结构,He is a doctor.2并列句用并列连词and,but,or把两个的简单句连接而成。
He is a doctor ,andshe is a teacher.I liked the story , but he didn’t like it. Hurry up,or you will be late.3 复合句句型:主句+连词+从句连词+从句+主句(包含一个主句、一个从句的句子叫复合句。
)1).定语从句2).状语从句3).名词性从句I don’t like the wa y (that, in which) he talked to me.Please pass me the book whose cover is green. (of which the cover/the cover of which)二、状语从句1 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where I live there are plenty of trees.Wherever I am I wil l be thinking of yo u.2 方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…s o…, as if, as thou gh引导。
1)as, (just) as…s o…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时a s从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fi sh, so air is to man.我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
并列句复合句讲解
·
·
权
二、宾语从句的四个考点:
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威 【提醒】当主句谓语动词为think, suppose, guess, believe等 悟
解
中
读 词,主语为第一人称时,从句表达否定意义时,形式上应否 考
· 感
威 解
叫作并列句。常见分类:
悟 中
读
考
1. 表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词and, both. . .
考 点
and, not only. . . but also. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , as well as等。 语
法
· 名 师
2. 表示转折关系,常用连词but, yet(然而), however(然
点击进入相应模块
课
真
标
题
·
·
权
感
威
悟
解
中
读
考
考
语
点
法
·
强
名 师
化
精
训
讲
练
课
真
标
题
(完整)并列句和复合句
并列句和复合句—、并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。
(一)并列句的构成其结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”.(二)常用的并列连词1.常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and,but, or,so,for.2.其他的并列连词有:then,while,when,not only。
.。
but also.。
.,neither.。
.。
nor,either。
.or,as well as等。
二、复合句复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
主句和从句都具有完整的主谓结构,主句是全句的主体,从句是主句中的一部分,不能独立存在.根据从句在全句中的不同作用,从句可分为:宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在这里重点讲解宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句.(一)宾语从句1.宜语从句的引导词注意:whether和if引导宾语从句时,一般情况下可以互换,但在下列情况下须用whether,不能用if.①具有选择意义,宾语从句中有or或or not时.例如:Eg:We really don't know whether news is true or not.我们真的不知道这消息是否是真的。
②在介词后接宾语从句或不定式时。
例如:Eg:We are talking about whether we’ ll go back to our hometown.我们正在讨论是否回老家去.③作discuss等词的宾语时。
例如:Eg: We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论了是否应该把商店关掉。
2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句无论是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句意义,一律用陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语”结构。
句尾标点符号取决于主句。
例如:Are you a student? He asks.→He asks if you are a student.他问你是否是学生。
并列句和复合句
并列句和复合句并列句和复合句是英语中经常使用的两种句子结构。
它们能够使句子更加丰富多样,表达更加准确清晰。
本文将详细介绍并列句和复合句的定义、结构以及使用方法。
一、并列句并列句是由两个或多个独立的句子通过连词连接而成的句子。
它们之间的关系是平等的,没有从属关系。
常见的连词有and、but、or等。
例如:1. I like to play basketball, and my sister prefers swimming.2. The weather is hot today, but we still decided to go hiking.3. You can choose to watch a movie or go shopping.并列句可以通过逗号或者分号来分隔各个句子,也可以通过连词直接连接起来。
需要注意的是,如果句子之间的关系比较紧密,语义上有较强的联系,则使用逗号进行连接;如果句子之间的关系较弱或者需要更强调,则可以使用分号进行连接。
二、复合句复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
主句是一个完整的句子,从句则依附于主句而存在,从属于主句。
从句可以是名词性从句、定语从句或者状语从句。
名词性从句:名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或者宾补等。
例如:1. What he said is true.(主语从句)2. I believe that you can do it.(宾语从句)3. Her dream is to become a doctor.(表语从句)4. I saw him playing football.(宾补从句)定语从句:定语从句用来修饰前面的名词或代词。
通常由关系代词(who、which、that等)引导。
例如:1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.2. The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.状语从句:状语从句表示时间、条件、原因、目的、方式等状况,对主句进行补充说明或解释。
并列复合句
并列复合句并列复合句是指由并列词and, but, or等把两个或者两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
1. and 表示并列关系- We provide books, and we set tests every week to check your progress.- Some people like travelling, some like reading and others like staying at home.2. but 表示转折关系- Our teacher is strict, but we all like him.我们的老师很严格,但我们都喜欢他。
- The situation looked desperate, but they didn’t give up hope.情况看起来非常危急,但他们并没有放弃希望。
3. or表示选择关系- Mary can travel with us, or she can stay with her grandparents.玛丽可以跟我们一起旅行,也可以跟她的祖父母呆在一起。
or 否则,要不然- Turn the heat down, or it’ll burn. 把炉火开小些,不然就会烧焦。
4. so 表示因果关系- It was dark, so I couldn’t see what was happening.天很黑,所以我看不见发生了什么事情。
- I can’t speak English well, so I would like to join English Club.5. for表示因果关系- The days were short, for it was now December.白天很短,因为当时是12月份。
6. while连接并列句具有对比转折的含义- Boys like playing computer games, while girls like singing and dancing.- Mary won many prizes, while Lucy won nothing.玛丽赢得了很多奖项,而露西什么也没获得。
中考 并列句和复合句总结
中考并列句和复合句总结一并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
1. 并列句的基本句型:简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句2. 并列句的类型:1) 并列关系(联合关系)。
连接词:and, not only…but (also), neither…nor等例句:I help him and he helps me.我帮助他,他也帮助我。
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her.我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice.我不想与他商量,他也不会征求我的意见。
2) 转折关系。
连接词:but, yet, still, while, however, when等例句:He failed many times, but he didn’t despair.他失败多次但并没有气馁。
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难,然后她学习努力,进步很快。
3) 选择关系。
连接词:or, otherwise or else, either…or例句:We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train.我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。
Either you come to my place or I go to yours.或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。
4) 因果关系。
连接词:for, so, thus, therefore, and so例句:We had better stay at home, for it was raining.我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。
简单句及并列句和复合句
一.五种简单句1.主语+不及物动词(主+谓)He laughed.2.主语+及物动词+宾语(主+谓+宾)I like Chinese food.3..主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(主+谓+宾1+宾2)She taught them physics.4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)We must keep the room warm.5. 主语+连系动词+表语(主+系+表)The weather is very cold.二.并列句He is a worker and I am a worker, too.He is very happy but his mother is very sad.上述两句地位一样,如同湖北的省长和湖南的省长一样,地位相等,称为并列句。
三.主从复合句If you are free, we will go to Beijing to play.前者地位低,为后面的主句服务,叫从句。
后者地位高,为主句。
两句合二为一,为主从复合句。
问题:主句与从句怎么辨别?四.从句种类很多。
句子成分划分:主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,补语,表语,同位语。
(8种)(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)-----名词性从句(定语从句)------形容词性从句(状语从句)------副词性从句Whether we will go shopping depends on the weather.( )He said that he wanted to go to town. ( )That is what I wanted. ( )Y ou are the man who I am looking for. ( )I will help you although I am not very rich. ( )The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true. ( )。
高中英语并列句复合句
并列句+ 复合句并列句:由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成的句子叫并列句。
并列句通过并列连词、连接副词和分号三种方式连接起来。
基本模式:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
1.表并列关系:and(和),not only...but (also)...(不但…而且…),not...but...(不是…而是…),neither...nor...(既不…也不…),on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)...(一方面…另一方面…),when(这时突然)等。
(1) In my opinion,everyone here is a member of our big family and we learn a lot from each other.就我而言,每一个在这里的人都是我们大家庭里的一员并且我们彼此学到了很多。
(2016·天津)(2) The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life,but may also threaten people’s lives.交通问题很难解决。
它不仅影响我们的日常生活,而且威胁人们的生命安全。
(2015·江苏)(3)书籍不仅被分享而且它还能建立一个联系世界各地读者的桥梁。
(2015·重庆)Not only are books shared but also it can build up a bridge connecting readers from different parts of the world as well.(4)我认为,儿子拒绝与他的母亲交流不是因为他没时间而是因为他不愿意。
(2013·重庆)In my opinion,the son refuses to municate with his mother not because he has no time but because he’s unwilling to.(5). 我正在去书店的路上,在一个十字路口等绿灯时,突然一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆过往的汽车撞倒,肇事车辆快速逃逸了。
英语句子结构并列句复合句
两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词或分号连接而成的句子叫并列句。
Eg.Hurry up;it’s getting late.He has a lot of money and he spent if freely.常见的并列连词:and,not only…but also,or,either…or,but,yet,while,so,for等。
when也可用作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”,常用于以下句型:sb. was doing sth. when…sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. …when…sb. had just done sth. … when…Eg.We were having a meeting______someone broke in.We were about to set off _______it suddenly began to rain.I had just finished my homework_____Tom came to me.Exercises.1.Shall we go to the cinema_____stay at home?2.There are many kinds of sports,______my favorite is swimming.3.Henry is very smart,______many of his classmates like him.4.I was glad to meet Jenny again,_____I didn’t want to spend all day with her.5.Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs,_____ you could have problems.6.It’s not easy to change habits,______with awareness and self-control,it is possible.7.You have to move out of the way ____the truck cannot get past you.8.At school,some students are active _______ some are shy,yet they can be goods friends with one another.9.Tom was about to close the window_____his attention was caught by a bird.10.Some animals carry weeds from one place to another,______plants can spread to new places.由一个主句和一个或几个从句构成的句子叫做复合句。
并列句和复合句
让步 状语 从句
从句类型 原因
从句引导词
例句
状语
从句
Since everyone is here, let’s because, since, as, begin our meeting. 既然大家都 for 到齐了,我们开始开会吧。 Yao Ming plays basketball so well that many Americans have also become his fans. 姚明篮球打得如此好以至于很 多美国人也成了他的粉丝。
并列句和复合句
十四、并列句和复合句
一、并列句 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫 作并列句。常见分类: 1. 表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词and,both. . . and, not only. . . but also. . . ,neither. . . nor. . . ,as well as等。 2. 表示转折关系,常用连词but,yet(然而), however(然而),
连接 词
①that在从句中作宾语时可以省略;作主语时不能省 略 ② what, when, where, how, whatever, whenever, wherever, who, whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词 ③当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时,连接词用 whether或if,表示是否 一随主,二随宾,三不变
where 表 示 地 点 , 在 定 语 从 This is the school where we once 句中作地点状语,其先行词 studied. 这就是我们曾经学习过 是表示地点的名词(place, 的学校。 school,room等) why表示原因,在定语从句 Can you tell me the reason why 中作原因状语,其先行词只 he hasn’t come here? 有表示原因的reason一词 你能告诉我他不来这儿的原因吗?
英语并列句及并列复合句
英语并列句及并列复合句如果句子包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构,就是并列句。
并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接,最常见的是and 和but。
有时,一个并列句中的一个(或更多)分句,可能包含有一个(或更多)从句,这种句子称为并列复合句。
并列复合句句式复杂,是同学们阅读的难点。
对付并列句及并列复合句的方法是各个击破。
先抓住并列连词and 或but,识别出是并列句后,分别理解并列连词前后的句子。
1.noise generated by traffic on arterial roads and freewaysis an increasing problem in australia and there is growing concernamong highways authorities in australia about the limitations ofsome types of noise barriers which hxdye been installed in thiscountry.中文译文:在澳大利亚,由主干道和快车道的交通所产生的噪音是一个日益严重的问题。
而且澳大利亚的高速公路主管部门也越来越关注已经安装在这个国家的一些噪音屏障的局限性。
结构分析:一个典型的并列复合句,并列连词and 连接两个句子,前一个句子是一个简单句,主语是noise,generated bytraffic on arterial roads andfreeways 是过去分词短语做noise 的后置定语,后面的句子中有一个which 引导的定语从句。
2.however, low barriers are not effective and high timberbarriers hxdye become much more expensive.中文译文:然而,矮屏障无效,高屏障更昂贵。
结构分析:一般的并列句,and 连接两个简单句。
句子结构并列与复合句总结大全
句子结构并列与复合句总结大全在英语写作中,句子结构的灵活运用对于提升文章的表达能力和逻辑性至关重要。
除了简单句外,我们还可以运用并列句和复合句等结构来组织句子,丰富文章表达。
本文将为您总结并列句和复合句的用法和例句,帮助您更好地掌握句子结构的运用。
一、并列句并列句是由两个或多个相同重要地位的句子并列在一起,通过逗号(,)、分号(;)或连词(and, but, or, so, for, yet等)来进行连接,表达并列关系。
以下是一些常见的并列连词及其用法:1. and(和):I like reading novels, and my brother prefers science fiction.(我喜欢读小说,而我弟弟更喜欢科幻小说。
)2. but(但是):She is intelligent, but she lacks confidence.(她很聪明,但是她缺乏自信。
)3. or(或者):You can choose either tea or coffee.(你可以选择喝茶或者咖啡。
)4. so(所以):She studied hard, so she passed the exam.(她努力学习,所以她通过了考试。
)5. for(因为):He didn't go to work, for he was sick.(他没去上班,因为他生病了。
)6. yet(然而):He is smart, yet he often makes mistakes.(他很聪明,然而他经常出错。
)以下是一些具体的例句,展示了并列句的典型结构和用法:- You can either come to the party or stay at home.(你可以选择参加派对或者待在家里。
)- She bought a new dress, but it doesn't fit her well.(她买了一件新连衣裙,但是它不合身。
英语并列句和复合句
并列句和复合句一、并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫并列句。
常见分类:1.表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词有and,both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...,等。
2.表示转折关系,常用连词有but,yet(然而),while(而)等。
3.表示选择关系,常见连词有or,,either...or...(要么……要么……)等。
4.表示因果关系,常见连词有as,for(因为),so等。
二、复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。
从句须由关联词引导。
宾语从句在主从复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序。
Do you know how much the house is?你知道这房子多少钱吗?2.宾语从句的引导词引导词举例由that引导I know (that)you are a good man.我知道你是个好人。
由if或whether引导I don't know if he can come. 我不知道是否他能来。
由连接代词who,what,whose 引导Did you find out who stole the money?你查明了是谁偷的钱吗?由连接副词when,why,where,how引导The granny doesn't know where the bus stop is.那位老奶奶不知道公共汽车站在哪里。
用法举例当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时态时,宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定(可以是任意时态)I hear that he went to Hangzhou yesterday.我听说他昨天去杭州了。
Mary says that she will leave China tomorrow.玛丽说她明天要离开中国。
当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句必须用过去的某种时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时等)I thought that you were Li Ming's brother.我原以为你是李明的弟弟。
并列句复合句
并列句1、概述由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子称为并列句(compound sentence)。
并列句中的各个简单句彼此独立,互不依从,但它们表达的意思之间有一定的关系。
并列句中的各个简单句通常用并列连词连接起来。
并列连词之前可用逗号,也可不用逗号(但however、therefore、otherwise 等并列连词前后都常有逗号)。
常见的并列句结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
这种简单句常被叫做分句。
I help him and he helps me.我帮助他,他帮助我。
(并列连词是and)This is our first lesson, so I don't knowall your names. 这是我们的第一堂课,因此我不知道大家的名字。
(并列连词so前有逗号)She likes bread and milk, but she doesn't like eggs at all. 她喜欢面包和牛奶,但她一点也不喜欢鸡蛋。
(并列连词是but)You can draw a good horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year.你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马,然而你却让我等了一年。
(并列连词是yet)Hurry up, or you'll be late. 快点,否则你就会迟到。
(并列连词是or)One was filled with kerosene, one with castor oil and one with vinegar.一个(瓶子)装满煤油,一个(瓶子)装满蓖麻油,还有一个(瓶子)装满醋。
(此句由3个分句组成,并列连词是and)2、并列连词并列连词(或连接副词)根据不同含义,分为如下几类:(1)表示连接,常用的有and、not only...but also、neither...nor等。
并列句复合句2014
主语,表语,宾语,定语,状语
复合句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句
What I need is a useful English dictionary. Whether he will win the game stays unknown. That is why he did not come to school yesterday. That was because he was not present at the meeting. They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings. I wonder if you can recognize his voice. He asked why you left in such a hurry last night. I’m sure that you can make progress soon. I’m afraid we have no such mobile phone.
复合句
The man who/that has an umbrella in his hand is my physics teacher. Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?
Exercises
5. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. (伴随状语) 6.In order to catch up with the others, I (目的状语) must work harder. 7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. (结果状语) 8.She works very hard though she is old.
并列句和复合句
并列句和复合句课标要求及命题趋势一网打尽并列句及并列连词知识点复合句主谓一致指点迷津一并列句由连词连接两个分句组成的句子叫并列句。
这些分句平行并列,而且同等重要,能够独立成句。
连接分句的有并列连词和主从连词。
并列连词:and, but, or, nor, for, whereas, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but(also).主从连词:so, therefore, however, still, yet, then等。
并列句中的前后两句可以根据意思或分为四种关系。
(1)同等关系and/not only…but also/neither…nor,用连词and, not only…but also, neither…nor或者用逗号,有时也用分号连接两个简单句,构成并列句。
如:He could neither read nor writeHe not only studies hard, but also likes sports.(2)转折关系but, yet, still, while, when, 用连词but, yet, still, while, when 连接两个句子时,前后两句为转折关系。
如:Tom was not there but his brother was (there).There was no news, nevertheless, she went on hoping.(3)选择关系or, either…or.用连词or, either…or,连接两个句子时,前后两句为选择关系。
如:Either you didn’t understand this, or you were not careful enough (4)因果关系for, so.用连词for, so连接两个句子时,前后两句为因果关系。
如:He hurried, for it was getting dark.He liked the book very much, so I gave it to him。
并列句和复合句课件
易混点when
when 引导的时间状语从句和宾语从句的 区别 when 引导时间状语从句,若主句是一般 将来时,从句用一般现在时,引导其他 时间从句时,从句的时态与主句的时态 保持一致 when引导的宾语从句,首先是陈述语序, 再时态一致的原则
when while as的区别
三个都可以用延续性动词,when ,as可以 用终止性动词,while不能 when可表示瞬间,时间段与主句所叙述 的动作,事情可同时发生,也可有先后 顺序 as 不指先后,而指并列发生,优指俩动 作或事情同时发生
并列句和复合句
并列句: 用并列连词连接一起的那个或俩个以上的简单句叫做 并列句。 构成:简单句+并列连词+简单句 常见的并列连词:and ,but , or, so, for 1 and “和,并且”表示顺延或并列等关系 2 but “但是”表转折 3 or “否则,或者,或”表选择关系4 4 so “所以,因此,于是“表因果关系 5 for “因为”表因果关系 其他并列连词:then ,neither ...nor ,while ,when ,yet , not only...but also ,either ...or , both ..and .as well as
条件状语从句
主句为祈使句,一般将来时或有情态动词, 从句用一般现在时 如果if 从句表示前提或条件将来能实现或正 在进行主句用将来从句用现在完成或进行 祈使句+and /or 引导的结果状语从句。祈使句 相当与条件状语从句
原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结 果状语从句
引导词:because since (既然)as(由于) for(由于) since 表示的原因是人们已知的实事 目的引导词:so that in order to so +adj./adv.+that so +adj +a/an +名词单数+that such +a /an +名词单数+that so ...that 的否定句用too...to /not ...enjoy to 代替
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
并列句,复合句和连词命题规律:并列句和复合句以及连词是中考的重点内容,也是中考的必考题。
期中复合句考察的内容涉及状语从句,宾语从句,定语从句中引导词的运用命题趋势:宾语从句,连词的使用,定语从句的引导词一、并列句用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。
1. 构成:简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句2. 常见的用于连接两个简单句的并列连词有:and,but,or,so,for。
(1)and意为“和,并且”,表示顺延、并列等关系。
如:Work hard and you can pass the exam.= If you work hard, you can pass the exam.(2)but意为“但是”表示转折关系。
如:He is rich but he is not happy.(3)or意为“否则,或者,或“表示选择关系。
如:Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.(4)so意为“所以,因此,于是”表示因果关系。
如:Kate was i ll so she didn’t go to school.(5)for意为“因为”,表示因果关系。
如:I have to stay up late, for I have a lot of work to do.3. 当连词and连接的并列句前半部分是祈使句,后半部分是将来时的陈述句时,其含义相当于由if引导的条件状语从句。
这种句型还可以用or来连接,但意思不同。
如:Think it over, and you’ll find the answer.=If you think it over, you’ll find the answer.4. 其他的并列句其他的并列连词有then,while,when,yet,not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…, both…and…, as well as。
如:I like English while my brother likes Chinese.二、状语从句状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等,状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。
状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、目的状语从句等。
的词叫做先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。
引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who (whom,whose)和关系副词when,where,why。
关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,它既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。
含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+ 关系词+ 定语从句1. 关系代词的用法一般情况下,that既可指人又可指物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语;which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语;who在从句中作主语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语;where在从句中通常修饰表示地点的名词,作地点状语;when在从句中通常修饰表示时间的名词,作时间状语;why在从句中作原因状语,先行词通常是reason,有时why也可用“for + which”代替。
(1)下列情况下,只能用that引导,不能用who或which引导:1)当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等代词时。
如:❝Is there anything (that) you don’t understand?Tom told her mother all that had happened.2)当先行词前面有the only,the very,the last等修饰时。
如:❝He is the only person that can help you out.(当先行词是人时,也可用关系代词who,whom引导。
)3)当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
如:❝This is the best book that I have ever read.4)当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等修饰时。
如:I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.5)当主句是以疑问词who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
如:❝Who is the boy that is playing football?(2)关系代词的省略。
一般情况下that,which,whom可以省略,但以下情况不能省略:1)关系代词that在从句中作介词的宾语时,不能省略,而且介词不能放在that前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
如:❝The woman that she talks with is her teacher.2)关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词宾语时,不能省略。
介词可以放在which,whom 之前,也可以放在从句中有关动词的后面,以使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。
如:❝I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club.3)that,which,who在从句中作主语时,不能省略。
如:❝Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher?7.【2011湖南湘潭】23.______Zhai Xiaowei has only one leg, he can dance wonderfullyA .Though B.But C. So8.【2011连云港】11.—What shall we do now?—_______it’s raining hard, let’s stay at home.A. SoB. SinceC. ThoughD. If9. (2011贵州毕节)27.We should protect the earth,we will have no water to drink.A.so B.or C.and D.But10.【2013山东济南】29. Sam is a waiter, ____________ he really wants to be a singer.A. orB. ifC. butD. because11.【2013湖南长沙】28. —It’s too late. I have to go now.—Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t lea ve _____ it stops.A. sinceB. untilC. while12【2013福建泉州】37. — Would you like some milk ?—No, thanks. I don’t like it, _______I know it's good for my health.A. becauseB. thoughC. if13.【2013四川南充】33. Could you tell me ________?A. where do you liveB. where you liveC. you live where14.【2013湖北十堰】35. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder ___________.A. how much it costB. how much it costsC. how much did it costD. how much does it cost15.【2013湖北孝感】40. —Excuse me, can you tell me _______?—At about 8 o’clock, sir.A what time the plane will reach BeijingB what time will the plane arrive in BeijingC what time the plane will arrive BeijingD what time will the plane get to Beijing16.【2013湖北襄阳】40. —Could you tell me ?—At nine o'clock, in ten minutes.A. how will he leaveB. when he has leftC. why he is leavingD. when he will leave17.【2011浙江杭州】27. It’s too late to invite any more people. ______, you know how Ti m hates parties.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. StillD. Instead18【2011重庆】25. John, work hard_______ you will make much progress.A. orB. norC. butD. an19.【2013甘肃兰州】38. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the littleboy_______ parents have left their hometown for making money.A. that; whoseB. how; whoC. what; whoD. what;20.【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】18. The shops were closed________ I didn't get any milk.A. soB. asC. orD. but21. 【2013浙江台州】20. —Hurry up, ______ you will be late for school.—OK. I’m coming.A. andB. butC. orD. so22【2013四川遂宁】25. He was tired he could not go on walking.A. too, toB. such, thatC. so, that23.【2013四川凉山】28. —Would you like to go shopping with me, Carmen?—I’d love to, you don’t want to go alone.A. untilB. beforeC. if24.【2013浙江绍兴】24.—Do you know ____Jane visits her grandparents?—Once a week. She loves them deeply.A. andB. butC. orD. So。