基础工程期末考试复习(概念题).

第一章导论

一名词解释Definition Explanation(3 points each, 12 in total

1.地基Ground:

2.基础Foundation:

3.Natural ground(天然地基:

4. Artificial ground(人工地基:

5.永久作用Permanent Action

6.可变作用Variable Action

7.地基容许承载力:the allowable bearing capacity of ground

8.基底压力:(base pressure

二简答题

1.基础工程设计计算的基本原则有哪些?

What are basic principles of foundation engineering in calculation and design? 第二章天然地基上的浅基础

一名词解释

1.刚性基础(rigid foundation

2.柔性基础(flexible foundation

3.刚性扩大基础(rigid spread foundation

4.刚性角(rigid angle.

5.板桩墙支护:(Support of Sheet Pile Wall

二简答题

1.浅基础与深基础有哪些区别?What are differences between shallow foundation and

deep foundation?

2.简述刚性基础的优缺点?What are advantages and disadvantages of rigid

foundation?

3.确定基础埋置深度需要考虑哪些因素?What factors should be considered to

determine the embedded depth of foundation?

4、刚性扩大基础在设计计算时,有哪些计算和验算项目?What are calculation and checking contents in calculation and design of rigid spread foundation?

5、浅基础的常用类型是什么?What are common types of shallow foundation?

6、喷射混凝土护壁的基本原理是什么?What are basic principle of Wall Protection by Spray Concrete?

7、基坑排水的常用方法?What are common methods of Foundation Pit Drainage?

8、板桩墙的作用是什么?What are function of Sheet Pile Wall?

9、确定地基容许承载力的方法?

What are methods to determine the allowable bearing capacity of ground?

三计算题

第三章桩基础的基本知识及施工

1.钻孔灌注桩:Bored cast-in-situ pile

2.摩擦桩Friction pile:

3.端承桩End bearing pile:

4. 正循环旋转钻进成孔Positive cycle in drilling process:

5. 反循环旋转钻进成孔inverse cycle in drilling process

二简答题

1.简述桩基础的作用。What are functions of pile foundation?

2.简述桩基础的特点?What are characteristics of pile foundation?

3简述桩基础的适用范围?What are applications of pile foundation?

4.简述钻孔灌注桩的施工过程。

Please write the construction process of bored cast-in-situ pile

5.护筒的作用是什么?What are functions of casing pipe in the construction process of bored cast-in-situ pile?

6、泥浆的作用是什么?What are functions of slurry in the construction process of

bored cast-in-situ pile?

7、钻孔过程中常发生的质量问题有哪些?如何处理?What are Common Quality Problem

and Treatments in Drilling Process of pile foundation?

8、简述清孔的目的及常用的方法。Please write purpose and common methods of clearing

hole.

第三章桩基础的设计计算

一名词解释

1.单桩承载力容许值Bearing capacity of single pile:

2、桩的垂直静载试验法:static loading test of pile

3、负摩阻力Negative skin friction of pile:

4、土的弹性抗力soil elastic resistance :

5、群桩效应pile group effect

6、中性点The location where positive skin friction and negative skin friction change with each other is neutral point.

7、地基系数Foundation Coefficient

8、单排桩:One-row pile foundation:

9、多排桩:Multi-row pile:

10、桩的计算宽度: calculating width of pile

二简答题

1.简述桩侧摩阻力的影响因素。Please write factors of side friction resistance of

pile?

2.简述桩底阻力的影响因素Please write factors of end resistance of pile?