机械专业文献翻译

Estimation Of The Cutting Force After the output torque of the AC spindle motor is calculated, the estimation procedure to obtain the cutting force is identical to the previous method [4]. 在计算AC主轴电机输出转矩以后，对切削力的估计，为获得切削力的估计程序与前面的方法【4】相同。Because the detailed description of the procedure is given in Huh et al. [4], a brief explanation is shown here for reader's interest. 因为此程序的详细叙述在Huh等人的文献【4】中已有提供，所以这里为了读者的关心起见做简单的解释。A model of the AC spindle-drive is composed of the mechanical parts (the spindle drive) and the electrical parts (the AC Induction motor). AC主轴传动的模型有机械零件（主轴传动）和电气零件（AC感应电机）组成。The rotational equation of motion for the spindle.主轴运动的旋转方程。The above equation is discretized with the zero-order-hold sampler and can be expressed in the following form to obtain the estimation of the total external torque.上述方程以零阶保持取样器离散化，并可以下面的形式表达，以获得总外转矩的估计值。where h is the sampling period (= 0.05 second) and b is the model parameter (). 式中h为取样周期（＝0.05秒），b为模型参数（）。The equivalent damping coefficient is known to be sensitive to temperature changes, thus updated automatically right before the tool contacts the workpiece [4]. 已知等效阻尼系数对温度的变化很敏感，因此，在刀具正要接触工件前会自动更新【4】The estimated total external torque includes not only the cutting torque applied to the workpiece, but also the nonlinear friction torque occurred in the spindle bearings.估计的总外转矩不仅包括施加到工件上的切削转矩，而且包括发生在主轴轴承中的非线性磨擦扭矩。Coulombic friction torque b1 at idling can be determined from a family of steady-state power test with no cutting.在怠速时的库伦磨擦扭矩可以由一系列没有切削时的稳态功率测试确定 In order to extract the normal cutting torque from the estimated total external torque, detailed information of the nonlinear friction torque increase is necessary.为了从估计的总外转矩提取正常的切削转矩，必须获得非线性磨擦扭矩增加的详细信息。 Under the assumption that there is no dynamic relation between b7, and, T. the nonlinear friction torque is modeled as..在假设b7和T之间不存在动态关系的情况下，非线性磨擦扭矩被建模为……wherefto) and g(WM) are the functions of the motor speed and depends on a batch of lathe. 式中f（）和g（WM）是电机转速的函数，并取决于一批车床。The estimated cutting force using the relations in Eq (I) through Eq (8) is illustrated in Fig. I. 采用式（1）到式（8）中的关系估计的切削力在图1中图示说明。Contrary to the previous method [4], the estimated cutting force shows little time lag at the transient but very oscillatory at the steady-state.与前面的方法【4】相反，估计的切削力在瞬态下几乎没有时滞，而在稳态下震荡明显。

问题补充：3.3Synthesized Cutting Force Monitor

3.3 合成的切削力监控器

The previous method [4] needs to measure only two signals (output power and motor speed) from the motor driver in order to estimate the cutting force, but its performance has a critical time lag at the transient period. 前面的方法【4】仅需要从电机驱动器测量两个信号（输出功率和电机转速）来估计切削力，但其性能在瞬态期间有一个临界的时滞。The modified method in Sections 3.1 and 3.2 needs to measure six signals (motor speed, three voltages and two currents) in order to improve the transient performance, but its steady-state performance is very noisy. 3.1节和3.2节中的修改方法需要测量6个信号（电机转速，三个电压信号，两个电流信号）以便改善