2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习

2015年12月大学英语四级翻译练习（附答案）翻译原文：

在中国，如果不了解“面子”的含义，则很难理解许多行为言辞。面子通常可理解为社会对一个人名誉和声望（prestige）的看法。因此，中国人向来很重视面子问题。丢面子会导致一个人在人际交往中失去权威。中国人通常不会公开指出令人尴尬的事实，从而避免让另一个人丢面子。如果要给某人面子，则可以在大众面前赞美他，欣赏他的才能，或对他表示尊重。

参考译文：

1.第1句中的“……很难理解……”可套用句型it is + a.+ to do sth（做某事怎么样），译作it is difficult to underatand…条件状语“如果不了解‘面子’的含义”可用从句来表达you don't know the concept of "face"也可用介词短语without knowing the concept of "face"来翻译。

2.第2句“面子通常可理解为社会对……的看法”虽然没有被动标识词，实际上有被动含义，故英译时须体现，译作 face is commonly viewed as…。“对一个人名誉和声望的”用介词短语of a person's reputation and prestige 来表达。

3.倒数第2句中的“从而避免让另一个人丢面子”表目的，故将其处理成目的状语，用不定式短语so as to avoid making…来表达，动词avoid后接动名词形式。

4.最后一句为无主语句，英译时，应增译主语you或者we，此处用we更符合上下文的论述。“在大众面前”，可译为in front of other people，但更地道的表达是in public，如“她不好意思在大众面前唱歌”，译为 She is too shy to sing in public.

In China, it is difficult to understand many behaviors and speeches without knowing the concept of “face”. Face is commonly viewed as social perspective of a person's reputation and prestige. Therefore, Chinese people have been paying close attention to their face. Losing face will result in one's loss of authority in the interpersonal communication. Usually the Chinese will not point out embarrassing facts in public so as to avoid making another person lose face. If we want to give face to somebody, we can praise him in public, appreciate his ability or show respect to him.

翻译原文：

在中国，赠送礼物应考虑具体情况和场合。礼物常用红色或其他喜庆的颜色（festive color）来包装，但白色或黑色不适宜用于此。当你将礼物递出去时，收礼者（recipient）可能会礼貌谢绝。在情况下试着将礼物再-次送出去。通常收礼者在客人离开之后才打开礼物。此外，送礼还有—些禁忌（taboo）如给夫妻送伞就不合适，因为中文里“伞”与“散”同音。

参考译文：

1.第1句中的“赠送礼物应考虑具体情况和场合”不能直译成presenting gifts should consider the specificsituation and occasion，因为在英语表达习惯中，consider的施动者应该是人而不是事情，故翻译时应增加代词we或one作主语。

2.第4句中“在这种情况下”既可译为in this case，也可译为in/under the circumstances, in such

a situation等。状语“再一次”可译作once again，并按英语的表达习惯置于句末。

3.翻译倒数第2句时，可套用not…until（直到……才）句型，译作the recipient won't…until the guestleaves.

4.最后一句中举例的部分“如……，因为……”使用的文字较多，宜拆译为另一个句子，译作For example…。“给夫妻送伞就不合适”可用it is + a. + to do sth.这种句型来表达，译作it is inappropriate to anumbrella…。

In China, we should consider the specific situationand occasion when presenting gifts. The gifts areusually packaged in red or other festive colors. Butwhite and black and not suitable in the packaging.When you offer the gift,the recipient may refuse itpolitely. In this case, you could try to offer thepresent once again. Usually, the recipient won'topen the gift until the guest leaves. In addition, there are some taboos in giving gifts. Forexample, it is inappropriate to present an umbrella as a gift to a couple because the word"umbrella" has the same pronunciation with another word "separate" in Chinese.

翻译原文：

生活在移动互联网时代，大学生们已然离不开网络。—些颇具创新力的学生从微博（microblog）和衡微信（WeChat）中看到了商机。桂林一所大学的三名学生注册了一个微信送餐账号。现在他们每天处理2000多份订单，给同学们的生活带来了许多便利。更多的学生选择了网上开店，出售各种物品。通过创业，大学生们不仅可以挣到自己的学费，更重要的是培养了实践能力。

参考译文：

1.第1句中的“生活在移动互联网时代”可处理为伴随状语，用现在分词短语livng in the mobile Internet age 来表达。“已然离不开网络”可译为cannot live without theInternet，但由于句首已经用到living，按英语避免重复的表达习惯，此处可译为cannot be separated from theInternet now.

2.第3句中的定语“桂林一所大学的”较长，故将其处理成后置定语，用介词短语from a university in Guilin来表达。“注册了一个微信送餐账号”中，“微信”是一个网络平台，表地点，译作on WeChat，置于中心词“账号”（account）后。定语“送餐”表目的，故用不定式短语来表达，译为to deliver meals.

3.第4句“现在他们……，给同学……便利”有两个分句，仔细分析发现，后半句是前半句的结果，故可将后半句处理成结果状语，译为分词短语providing a lot of convenience to other students，结构清晰明了。“同学们的生活”中的“生活”可略去不译，只译出“同学们”，不影响译文的意思。

4.最后一句中的“更重要的是…可译成短语What is more important或More importantly，或套用句型What's more important is that…。培养了实践能力”暗含动作已完成，故应该用现在完成时，译作theyhave cultivated their practical ability.

Living in the mobile Internet age, college studentscannot be separated from the Internet now. Somecreative students have seen business opportunitiesfrom microblog and WeChat. Three students from auniversity in Guilin registered an account on WeChatto deliver meals. Now they handle more than 2,000orders every day, providing a lot of convenience toother students. More students choose to set up online shops and sell various kinds of items.Through running their