主谓一致

主谓一致

一、什么是主谓一致？

英语中的谓语形式随主语的人称、数以及动作的时态、语态的变化而变化，谓语动词必须与主语保持人称和数的一致，以便于协调交际。这种语法现象叫做主谓一致。一

特殊形式。

二、主谓一致的类型和用法

（一）语法一致

○

主语+

+ 名词/名词短语，

谓语动词与主语中心词一致。

如：1. Jane with her two brothers was seen playing chess in the room.

2. Nobody but Tom and Jack knows the secret.

3. She as well as the other students has learned how to

type.

4. A professor, together with some students, was

moving into a new laboratory.

○ 作主语时，谓语用单数。

如：1. Enough has been done to prevent it from happening.

2. Each of us has read the book.

3. Neither of them is interested in English.

4. Either of the stories is interesting.

5. Nobody wants to go there.

○ +名词作主语时，谓语用单 数。

如：1. Every boy and every girl knows that each day and

each hour brings its duty.

2. More than one scientists is going to be present at

the meeting to be held.

3. Many a man does not see the importance of home

education for children.

***请注意：no … and no … + 单数名词时，谓语用单数；

no … and no … + 复数名词时，谓语用复数；

○若主语是否定与肯定组合而成时，谓语与肯定的一致。

如：1. Not you but he(或者说, He, not you) has been chosen to do so.

2. It’s not you but she (或者说, It’s she, not you) that

is wrong.

○It 引导的强调句中，无论强调的是单数还是复数，都用it is/was, 如强调的是主语，that/who之后的谓语要与主语一致。

如：1. It’s those girls that/who have made so many mistakes.

2. It’s I who am a student.

○集体名词作主语时，如看作一个整体，谓语用单数；如看作一个个成员，谓语用复数。

如：1. His family lives on Beijing Road.

2. His family are fond of music.

（二）意义一致

○形式上是复数（以-s结尾），但意义上为单数。根据意义一致原则，谓语用单数。

A ．表学科的，如：

B ．表地理的，如：

C ．表物品的，如：

○

作主语时，谓语用单数还是复数取决于它们所替代的意义。 如：1. He who laughs the last laughs the best.

2. All of the students have seen the film.

3. All that glitters is not gold.

○ 作主语时，谓语与介词后的名词

保持一致。

如：1. The rest of the lecture is not interesting.

2. The rest of the bicycles are on sale today.

3. Three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered

with water.

4. About 90% of the students are good and part of

them are interested in history.

○what

如：1. What he said is about the building of our library.

2. What he gave me are some books.

○ a number of…之后用复数；

the number of…之后用复数。

如：1. A number of students are still in the lab.

2. The number of the students is increasing very

fast.

○表示一段时间、一笔金钱、一段距离、重量、数量、

如：1. Ten dollars is not enough.

2. Three plus three is six.

3. Five years have passed since she went to

America.