定语从句高考考点分析归纳
英语课件高考英语定语从句及高考考点分析
先弄清句子的主谓宾结 构,再进一步分析定语 从句的作用。
注意关注与定语从句相 关的信息词,特别是关 系词和先行词的匹配。
熟悉常见的定语从句考 点和解题模式,有针对 性地做题。
总结和复习点
掌握定语从句的基本概念、使用方法和结构;注意定语从句的引导词和注意 事项;熟悉高考英语定语从句的常见考点和解题技巧。加油!
高考英语定语从句的题型解析
单项选择题
考察学生对定语从句概念、 使用方法和语法结构的掌握 程度。
完形填空题
考察学生对定语从句和上下 文语义关系的理解和运用能 力。
阅读理解题
考察学生运用定语从句解读 和分析文章内容的能力。
高考英语定语从句的解题技巧
1 理解句子结构
2 抓住关键信息
3 总结常见解题模式
2 关系副词
where, when, why
3 引导词的选择
选择关系代词还是关系副词要根据从句在句中充当的成分和从句的意义来决定。
高考英语定语从句的常见考点
定语从句的嵌套
嵌套层次多达三层的定语从句 考点。
关系词的省略
在定语从句中,关系词可以被 省略的考点。
定语从句的语序
在定语从句中,关系词的位置 和句子的排列顺序的考点。
定语从句的使用方法和结构
1
形容词性从句
定语从句可以用来修饰名词的属性和特征,充当名词的定语。
2
限制性定语从句
在这种从句中,如果去掉定语从句,原句的意思会发生改变。
3
非限制性定语从句
在这种从句中,即使去掉定语从句,原句的意思仍然完整。
定语从句的引导词和注意事项
1 关系代词
who, whom, whose, which, that
高考英语定语从句考点整理
高考英语定语从句考点整理概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
高考英语定语从句考点分析
定语从句考点分析考点一、引导词限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别分类项目三要素做主语的引导词做宾语的引导词作定语的引导词做时间状语的引导词做原因状语的引导词做地点状语的限制性定语从句先行词,引导词,从句that, which,who, asthat,whom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere非限制性定语从句先行词,引导词,从句which, who ,aswhom/who,whichaswhose,ofwhich/whomwhenwhywhere考点分析引导词始终是高考必考的焦点。
that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
在限制性定语从句中,引导词作宾语时可以省略,但其前面被介词修饰时不可以。
从句中的介词提到引导词前时,指人只能用 whom,指物只能用 which 。
which 可代替主句一句话所说的内容,引导非限制性定语从句表示主句造成的结果,在限制性定语从句中,先行词被 such,as, so, the same 修饰时,用 as 引导;在非限制性定语从句中, as 意为“正如”,只有 as 代替主句一句话的内容,引导非限制性定语从句可放置主句句首。
做前置定语做后置定语当先行词为表示时间的名词,且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
当先行词为表示原因的名词,且从句中不缺少主语或宾语时才用。
当先行词为表示地点的名词,且从句中经典定语从句背诵:1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.3. The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.6. As is well known, paper was first invented by the Chinese. Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago? Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago?8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together. We will never forget the days when we worked together.9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.10. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon.11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north. We are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north. 12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. 14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget. (使用定语从句,必须有 先行词, 本句中虽然有先行词,但 that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句,所以 that 前加one 做 moment 的同位语)考点二、介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时,要看两点:一看先行词前需要什么介词,二看定 语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。
高考定语从句知识点归纳
高考定语从句知识点归纳在中学生的学习过程中,高考定语从句是一个重要的语法知识点。
它是英语语法中的一个重要内容,也是高考中经常考察的题型之一。
了解和掌握高考定语从句的知识点对于学生能够在高考中取得好成绩具有重要意义。
本文将对高考定语从句的知识点进行归纳,帮助大家更好地理解和应用这一知识。
定语从句是一个修饰名词或代词的句子,在句子中充当定语的作用。
它通常由关系词(that、which、who、whom、whose等)引导。
定语从句主要有三种类型:限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句和倒装定语从句。
首先来看限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句是最常见的一种定语从句形式。
它对所修饰的名词或代词进行了限制,使得名词或代词的含义更加明确。
限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom引导。
其中,that主要用于指物,which主要用于指物,who主要用于指人,whom则用于指人作宾语。
限制性定语从句的位置一般是紧跟被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
)接下来是非限制性定语从句。
非限制性定语从句用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的解释或补充信息,并且与主句之间使用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句通常由关系代词which或关系副词when、where、why引导。
这种定语从句一般用于描述事物的性质、特征或状态。
例如:My sister, who is a teacher, loves children.(我的姐姐是一个教师,她喜欢孩子。
)最后是倒装定语从句。
倒装定语从句位于被修饰的名词或代词之前,整个定语从句都做主语。
通常情况下,倒装定语从句由表地点、方式、原因、目的的状语引导,且常用连词地位的介词+which引导。
例如:In the garden stands a tree, round which we used to play.(花园里有一棵树,我们过去在它旁边玩耍。
定语从句考情分析
定语从句高考考点分析:
1.引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择;
2.非限制定语从句引导词which\as的辨析;
a)Which或as可指代前面整个一句话,从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
b)as 引导的非限制性定语从句常用来表示说话人关于某事的依据、态度、
解释或评论等,含有“正如……”的意思。
as 从句放在主句的前面、
中间或句末都可。
which引导的非限制定语从句,一般表示某事的状况或结果,只能放在主句的后面
3.连接词which\that 的辨析;
4.Where 引导的定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句的辨析;
5.定语从句和强调句型的辨析;
6.带介词的定语从句中介词的选用;
7.先行词是代词:those\he\they who……, someone\anyone\one\ones who……
all that……
8. 先行词为situation,position,point,case,culture, activity等,在从句中常
做状语,关系词用where。
先行词为the way:the way that ... ...\ in which\省略
9. 间隔定语从句
10. whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语,若指物,还可以和
“the + 名词 + of which 互换。
定语从句高考点例析
3,单个介词+关系代词(which, whose)+名词 介词要依介词与关系代词后的名词的搭配习惯而定
考点三:介词+关系代词
**** “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、 分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person D ____________ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least D a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which
考点一:that和which
以下情况,引导词用that,不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything,little,much, all,anything,nothing。 e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,用 that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read.
高三英语高考中定语从句的常见考点分析
● 关系词的选择●定语从句的关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词两大类。
关系代词起着代词和连词的作用,而关系副词起着副词(或介词短语)和连词的作用。
◆关系代词that、which、who(m)、whose引导定语从句1) 关系代词that只能用于限定性定语从句,并在从句中作主语或宾语(不可作介词的宾语)。
例如:Do you still remember the chicken farm ____ we visited three months ago?(2005北京春)A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what解析:C。
先行词是the chicken farm,定语从句缺宾语,所以应用关系代词that、which 或省略关系代词,选C。
本题所给选项中,where、when都是关系副词,而what不能指代地点。
2) 关系代词which可引导非限定性定语从句,作从句的主语或宾语,指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容;此时,其引导的定语从句一般位于主句后面,常译为“这(那) 件事……”。
例如:His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. (2007 上海)A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it解析:答案选A。
关系代词which在从句中作主语,指代整个主句。
注意:That和which作关系代词,引导定语从句时的主要区别为:which可用于非限定性定语从句中,指代物或整个主句或主句中的一部分,也可以用于介词之后;而that则不能用于上述两种结构中。
3) 关系代词who和whom引导定语从句,都可用于指人,用法类似。
区别主要在于:whom在从句中只能作宾语;而who在从句中可以作主语,也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词;如果用于介词后指人时,必须用宾格的whom。
高考英语定语从句用法归纳及注意事项大全
高考英语定语从句用法及注意事项一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词2、as的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as注意:thesame…as表示同一类,不同一个thesame…that表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用andthis来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above, asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theo ne等不定代词时。
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时。
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时。
专题01定语从句十大考点归纳(清单)-高考英语一轮复习知识清单(全国通用)
专题01 定语从句十大考点(解析版)讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练(一)高考真题P10 分类训练(二)模拟试题P11 分类训练(三)单句改错P12 分类训练(四)句式升级(书面表达)P12 分类训练(五)语篇运用(外刊原创)P13 (一)二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13(二)英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1:I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。
(the way在定语从句充当方式状语)【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.(2014全国I卷)Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.(2015全国I卷)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.(2020全国III卷)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. (短文改错)【答案与解析】1. that。
高考重难点语法-定语从句的经典归纳
定语从句1.定语从句基本概念定语从句:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
先行词:被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
2.定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose),as 等。
关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
7.注意事项:2. 定语从句中的主谓一致①定语从句中的谓语动词由先行词决定。
例如:I, who am your good friend, will try my best to help you.②当“one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词和复数名词一致,用复数;而“the only one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词和the only one一致,用单数。
例如:Susan is one of the students who have won the prize three times.Susan is the only one of the students who has won the prize three times.3. 定语从句中的插入语现象定语从句中的关系词后面有时会加入一些句子作插入语,如I think, I believe, I expect, I guess, I am sure等。
解题时,去掉插入语,会使句子简单化。
例如:Mr Lee made another discovery, which (I think) is very important.4. 通常只用that,不用which, who或whom的情况:①当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, few, much, none等不定代词时。
2023届高考英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析讲义
2023年高中英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析两组易混关系代词的用法与辨析一、that与which两者都可指物,常可互换,其区别是:(1)引导非限制性定语从句或直接放在介词后作宾语时,要用which。
如:Peter drove too fast.which was dangerous.彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。
(2)当先行词为不定代词或被其修饰、受the very, the only,the same 等修饰、受形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next)等修饰、关系代词在定语从句中用作表语或先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时,通常用that。
如:All that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必须做。
This is the only book (that) I find useful.这是我发现的惟一有用的书。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
China is not the country(that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。
2.as与which(1)引导限制性定语从句时,在 such.as,the same 后只能用 as,其他情况用 which。
如:He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。
He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford.他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,有时两者可互换,但若位干主句之前,则只能用as。
如:I live along way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得离工作单位很远,这你是知道的。
高考英语 定语从句知识点归纳讲解(课件)
试卷讲评课件
▲ as通常以the same … as或such … as的形式引导定语从句,as在定 语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句中都能指代整句内容,which译为“这”, as 译为“正如”。但定语从句位于句首时只能用as。As we all know,…/As is known to all,…(正如大家所知道….)
二、定语从句的关系词用法
试卷讲评课件
(一)关系代词:who、whom、which、that、whose、as
关系代词 who whom whose which that as
先行词 人 人
人/物 物
人/物 人/物
在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语
宾语 定语 主语、宾语 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语、表语
三、非限制性定语从句
试卷讲评课件
非限定性定语从句,从句式上看,有逗号隔开。它既可以修饰先行词, 也可修饰整个句子。它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、 说明的作用。 1.非限制性定语从句通常不能用that 2. 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。例如: I had told them the reason,for which I didn't attend the meeting. 3. 非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。关系代词as引导 非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。
Tranquil/ˈtræŋkwəl/
试卷讲评课件
Li Shangyin(李商隐) 1.Li Shangyin was a Chinese poet of the late Tang Dynasty and born in Henei. 2.Li Shangyin was a typical late Tang poet. His works are sensuous, dense and allusive. 3.His most famous and cryptic poem is called Jin Se. sensuous/ˈsenʃuəs/ , dense/dens/ and allusive/əˈluːʒən/ .敏感、晦涩、含 沙射影。 Shangguan Wan'er(上官婉儿) 1. Shangguan Wan'er was a talented woman in Tang dynasty.
高考定语从句的常考点及 多角度考查分析
常考考点
把握命题规律:定语从句是各地 高考必考的重要考点之一,在命题过 程中,常以“介词+关系词”引导的定 语从句为热点,以非限制定语从句为 重点,以定语从句多角度考查的综合 运用为难点。
解题总原则
先确定先行词
从句所缺成分
缺主,宾,表
缺状语
关系代词
关系副词
e.g. The building
Beijing. e.g.The buliding
A
B. which C. the one D. that Mr. Smith used to work?
Is it in the museum A. where
D
B. which C. the one D. that
5. If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.(2012郑 州检测) A. that B. which C. where D. what
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______
A
she could turn for help.
A.to whom
2.
B.of whom
C.from whom
D.that
根据先行词与介词的习惯搭配,试看: 1949 was the year
in which the PRC was founded.
3. 非限制性定语从句中,要表示先行词的一部分时,可用 “数词/代词+of+关系词”结构,如:During the Olympic Games many people served as volunteers , were young college students.(2012唐山二模)
定语从句高考考点例析
定语从句高考考点例析定语从句是高中英语教学的一个重点,也是高考考查的一个热点。
下面通过对近几年来相关定语从句的高考题实行分析,归纳和总结出其考查热点,希望能对同学们理解和掌握定语从句有所协助。
一、考查关系代词或关系副词的选用定语从句的考查主要集中在关联词上。
确定关联词能够分三步走:首先,找出先行词;然后准确判断先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(作主语、宾语或状语);最后选择适宜的关联词。
通常情况下,我们能够采用“代入法”。
即将先行词代入定语从句中,看看它在从句中充当什么成分,这时答案也就显而易见了。
【原题再现】1. The Science Museum, _____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A. whichB. asC. whyD. where【点拨】1. 选A。
将先行词The Science Museum代入定语从句中,可知其在定语从句中作visited的宾语,且从句为非限制性定语从句,所以定语从句用关系代词which 引导。
2. 选D。
将先行词cases代入定语从句中应为:“beginners of English fail to use the language properly in the cases”。
cases在从句中作介词in的宾语,而in the cases 在从句中作状语,所以从句用in which或关系副词where引导。
二、考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用which(指物)和whom(指人);关系代词在从句中作定语时,一般用whose。
高考定语从句的考点要点
关系词
This is the best film that I have seen.
1
引导定语从句2代替先行词 Nhomakorabea3
在从句中担当一个成分
Beijing
the city
get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
Beijing is the city that / which has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
Is this the book which/that you are looking for
Filling blanks:
1.The man _w__it_h_w__h_o_m_ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.
2.The room __in__w_h__ic_h__ my family live used to be a garage.
考点六: 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
选用定语从句的关系词时需注意两点: 1.先行词 2.关系词在从句中充当的成分
做主语宾语定语用
关系代词
做状语用 关系副词
I will never forget the day _w__h_e_n I first went to school.
I will never forget the day w__h_ic_h__/t_h_a_t_ we spent in Beijing.
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词
the first形容词最高级the best the last the very the only 等时
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定语从句高考考点分析归纳李凌云2012/6/4一、湖北省的近几年高考考题1.(2010) My mother was so proud of all__________________(我所做的)that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do)(考察限定性定语从句只用that的情况之一,考关系代词作宾语可省,并结合过去完成时考时态。
)2.( 2010)____________________(正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy.(stress)3.(2009).Learning strategies, to_________________________(老师们认为)importance,have not yet drawn enough attention of students.(attach)(考察介词+which的非限制性定语从句,并结合attach importance to 考动词短语。
)4.(2008) The city______________________ (我成长的) is very hot and damp in summer.(grow)(考where或介词+which的限制性定语从句修饰地点名词,grow up 动词短语及不及物性,考时态一般过去时。
)5.(2007)Last night, John was answering the letters____________________ (寄给他的)during the past two weeks.(arrive)(考that\which在限制性定语从句作主语,关系代词作主语不可省,结合动词短语arrive for,与during the past two weeks用完成时,主句时态是was,故用过去完成时。
)二、从湖北近几年高考真题可以看出高考对定语从句的考过:1、关系代词只用that的情况2、关系副词3、介词+which4、as引导非限制性定语从句,表“正如”三、结合各省市高考题及我们平时所做的定语从句,分析易考点,易错点及难点,并总结其用法,以期能帮助同学们正确运用定语从句。
考点一、考查关系词的选择关系代词有_____ ______ _____ _____ _____ ____,关系副词有_____ _____ _____ ,what 不能引导定语从句。
正确区分关系代词(that或which)与关系副词when(表时间)、where(表地点)、why(表原因)。
重点根据定语从句中所缺成分(即关系词在定语从句中作状语时,使用关系副词when (介+ which); where(介+ which); why(for which);在定语从句中作作主语、宾语或表语时,使用that或which)来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词,绝不能因先行词是时间名词就用when,是地点名词就用where,是reason就用why来确定。
因此,认准先行词只是选择关系词的一个方面,更重要的是看其在后面定语从句中充当什么句子成分。
另一种方法是代入法,即将先行词代入定语从句中,说得通的用关系代词,说不通的用关系副词。
例如:1.Nobody knows exactly the reason except that he no longer drives his car.(sentence)无人确切知道他判刑六个月的原因,只知道他再也不开车了。
2. This was the only reason_____________________ when asked why I had to share.(think)当被问到我为什么非要与人分享的时候,这是我能想到的唯一理由。
3. The school shop, _____________________, is closed for the holidays.(这家学校商店的顾客主要是学生,假日时不营业。
)4.Some experts recommend signs and posters be put up in areas_____________________.(allow)有些专家建议招牌和海报应该挂在不允许抽烟的地方。
5.The photo brought the hours back to me in the company.(team)照片让我记起了那些时光,我和Tom一起在公司共事。
考点二、考查whose+n.及介词+whose+n6. I must owe my success to Mr. John, _____________________ I overcame the difficulties.(help)我的成功应该归功于约翰先生。
在他的帮助下,我克服了种种困难。
7. The building, _____________________ , is our dormitory.(face)那栋窗户朝南的楼房是我们的宿舍.8 .I showed an old friend of mine around our city, _____________________ it changedgreatly.( surprise)我领一位老朋友参观了我们的城市。
令他吃惊的是,我们的城市发生了巨大的变化。
考点三、考查as, which 引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时既可指人又可指物,它只能替代由such,so, the same等修饰的先行词。
as引导非限制性定语从句时,可放于句首,句中或置于句尾,而which则只能置于主句之后。
但如果定语从句为否定句或表示否定意义,使用which。
As引导的定性定语从句有"正如"之意,而which引导的表示“这,这一点”。
例如:9. _____________________, the so called professor is a cheat. (turn)正如事实那样,那个所谓的教授是个骗子。
st term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem_____________________. (work)上学期,我们的数学老师出了一道我们没人能解得出来的难题。
11. _____________________, she passed the driving test easily. (expect)正如我所预料的那样,她轻而易举地通过了驾照考试。
12 .When surfing the Internet, we should avoid such things_____________________. (mislead)上网时,我们应该避免接触那些会误导我们的东西。
13. _____________________, there’re many demonstrations against the decision of the government in Britain. ( case)正如美国一样,英国也有很多人在示威游行反对政府的一些做法。
考点四、which 的用法㈠介词+关系代词。
先行词指物,用"介词+which", 指人则用"介词+whom", 且两个关系代词均不能省略,介词的选择要遵循两个原则:①根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。
②根据先行词特殊用法而定。
㈡n/pron/数词/最高级+of whom/ which。
㈢复合介词+which 14.Finally, we arrived at the park, _____________________ a high tower.(stand) 最后,我们到达了公园,公园的前面有一座高塔。
15. He once worked in a company, _____________________ for a further study. (go)他曾经在一家公司工作,随后出国进修去了。
16. The wrong you’ve done her is terrible, _____________________ her.(make)你真的太冤枉他了。
为此,你应向他道歉。
17. I am thankful to him for that advice, _____________________ all my success.(owe)我非常感激他给我的建议,我的成功也归功于它。
18. Professor Smith took up scientific research after graduation, _____________________ all his life. ( devote)大学毕业后,史密斯教授就开始从事科研工作,并为此奋斗了一生。
19. Global warming has become a serious problem, _____________________ more attention.(pay)全球变暖已成了一个严重的问题,对此我们应该多加关注。
20. We arrived at the station very late, _____________________ a hotel, where we stayed for a night.(next)我们很晚才到达车站。
车站的旁边有一个旅馆,我们在那儿住了一夜。
21、The villagers are having a heated discussion about the plan, _____________________the building ofa factory at the foot of the mountain.(object)村民在热烈讨论这个计划,其中大部分反对在山脚下建厂。
22. The bank refused to give the company more loans, _____________________ it went bankrupt. ( consequence)银行拒绝给那家公司贷款,结果它破产了。
考点五、特殊先行词point, case, situation, stage, scene + where; occasion+ when23. The psychological treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _____________________ his disability. (adapt)心理治疗将一直进行到病人能适应自己的残疾状况为止。