新教材外研版选择性必修第四册Unit5 Into the unknown单词短语句型语法提炼汇总

Unit 5 Into the unknown词汇积累①intrigue v．（因奇特或神秘而）激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心②make a discovery做出发现；发现③comparison n．比较；对比；相比④correspond to相当于；相符合⑤be based on...以……为基础⑥spot n．斑点；污迹v．看见；发现⑦dismiss v．拒绝考虑，否定⑧extend v．使伸长；扩大；扩展⑨impressive adj.令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的impression n．印象impress v．使钦佩；使敬仰；给……留下深刻的好印象⑩representative adj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表；销售代表⑪extraordinary adj.意想不到的；令人惊奇的⑫apply A to B 把A应用到B⑬accurate adj.正确无误的；精确的accuracy n．准确(性)；精确(程度)⑭character n．(人、集体的)品质，性格；(地方的)特点，特性；(事物、事件或地方的)特点，特征，特色⑮syllable n．音节⑯interpret v．诠释；说明⑰primitive adj.原始的；远古的⑱abandon v．离弃，逃离⑲decline v．减少，衰弱；谢绝；婉言拒绝⑳take back退回；退还；归还；收回，撤回(所说的话或想法)○21claim v．宣称；声称；断言；要求(拥有)；索取；认领；索要○22collapse v．(突然)倒塌，坍塌；(尤指因病重而)倒下，昏倒，晕倒；(尤指工作劳累后)坐下，躺下放松○23conflict n．冲突；争执○24indicate v．表明；显示；象征○25play a part in 贡献力量；起……作用○26landscape n．(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景，景色○27unknowingly ad v.未意识到地；不知不觉地；无意中○28lead to 导致；通向○29far 修饰形容词的比较级○30be likely to do sth.可能做某事○31at different rates以不同的速度○32fall into ruin毁灭；毁坏○33meanwhile＝at the sLame time ＝in the meanwhile 与此同时1．civilise v．文明化；教化→civilisation n．文明→civilised adj.文明的2．ruin n．残垣断壁，废墟→ruinous adj.毁灭性的→ruinously ad v.毁灭地3．dismiss v．拒绝考虑，否定→dismissal n．摒弃；不予考虑→dismissive adj.轻蔑的4．abandon v．离弃，逃离→abandoned adj.被离弃的；被遗弃的→abandonment n．离弃；遗弃1．bury v．将……埋在下面，覆盖；埋葬，安葬，丧失；掩藏(感情等)；使陷入，把……插入①The house was buried under ten feet of snow. 覆盖②She's 85 and has buried three husbands. 丧失③He had learnt to bury his feelings. 掩藏④He walked slowly，his hands buried in his pockets. 插入2．abandon v．离弃，逃离；遗弃，抛弃；舍弃；中止；放弃(信念等)①He gave the order to abandon the ship. 舍弃②They abandoned the match because of rain. 中止③Critics accused him of abandoning his principles. 放弃④This is a baby abandoned by its parents. 遗弃Words and Phrases知识要点1correspond v．相一致；符合；类似于；相当于；通信[教材P50]Through comparison，he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars.通过比较，他发现117个已知玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相对应。

[例1]Your account of the event does not correspond with/to hers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。

[例2]The two maps of London correspond closely.这两张伦敦的地图很相似。

[造句]他的行为与观点不一致。

His actions do not correspond with/to his ideas.[知识拓展](1)correspond with/to与……相一致；符合correspond with 与……通信(2)corresponding adj. 相应的，相关联的bury v．埋住；把(某物)掩藏在地下，埋藏；掩盖，遮盖[教材P50]Based on this，he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.基于此，他相信他发现了一个埋在丛林深处的未知的玛雅城市。

[例1]The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.海盗们过去常把金子埋藏在那个洞里，可后来却没能取走。

[例2]He'd had to bury his pain over the years.他不得不将痛苦掩藏多年。

[造句]狗把骨头埋在花园里。

The dog buried its bone in the garden.apply v i.申请；适用；请求v t.申请；应用[教材P50]They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar，which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.他们把这种理解应用到玛雅历法中，精确到每年30秒以内。

[例1]The new technology was applied to farming.这项新技术被应用于农业。

[例2]We should try to learn economic theory and apply it.我们应努力学习经济理论并能应用。

[造句]这个规则并不能适用于所有的情况。

You can not apply this rule to every case.decline v i.下降；衰弱，衰退；谢绝，婉言拒绝[教材P51]Yet，within just a couple of generations，it began to mysteriously decline.然而，仅仅几代人之后，它就开始神秘地衰落。

[例1]The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.9月份，经济继续呈现出衰退的迹象。

[例2]This decline in vigour with the passing of time is called ageing.这种随着时间流逝的活力衰退就叫作衰老。

[造句]他的健康状况最近开始恶化。

His health has begun to decline recently.claim v．声称；断言；要求(拥有)；索取；认领n声明；宣称；断言；(尤指对财产、土地等要求拥有的)所有权；(尤指向公司、政府等)索款，索赔[教材P51]When Europeans arrived in Central America in the early 16th century to claim its riches，the remaining Maya people were living in small settlements.当欧洲人在16世纪初来到中美洲索要其财富时，剩下的玛雅人就住在小的定居点里。

[例1]Now they are returning to claim what was theirs.如今他们回来索取本属于他们的东西了。

[例2]You should be able to claim the cost from the car insurance.你应该能从汽车保险中索取这笔费用。

[造句]你可按你的保险索赔你遗忘在火车上的大衣。

You can claim on your insurance for that coat you left on the train.lead to 引起，导致；通向[教材P51]This is likely to have led to a series of droughts，each lasting for a couple of years，including a “megadrought”around 900 AD.这很可能导致了一系列的干旱，每一次都持续了几年，其中包括公元900年左右的一次“超级干旱”。

[例1]Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment.技术变革必然会导致失业。

[例2]This can lead to bodily weakness and muscle wastage.这样可能会导致身体虚弱和肌肉萎缩。

[造句]这可能会导致巨大的压力。

This can lead to significant stress.rate n．速度；进度；比率；率；价格；费用v.评估[教材P51]Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at different rates in different places.许多科学家认为，这些干旱是玛雅文明在不同地方开始以不同速度崩溃的主要原因。

[例1]The disease has spread at an alarming rate.这种病以惊人的速度传播开来。