2017届高考英语一轮复习学通语法(增分语法填空和短文改错)北师大版
2017届高考英语(北师大版)一轮复习语法专项突破配套文稿教案：第1讲 构词法与比较等级 含解析
03 语法专项突破错误![深化认知］一、派生法1．名词后缀(1）动词变名词的后缀后缀例词。
ion/ .tion/ 。
sion/ -ation correct→correction改正celebrate→celebration 庆祝;庆祝会attract→attraction 吸引discuss→discussion 讨论;辩论graduate→graduation 毕业conclude→conclusion 结论；结束decide→decision 决定admit→admission 接纳；准许入学invite→invitation 邀请explain→explanation 解释expect→expectation 期望。
er/-or drive→driver 司机；驾驶员gather→gatherer 收集者；采集者te ach→teacher 老师announce→announcer 播音员conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员direct→director 导演-ment punish→punishment 惩罚achieve→achievement 功绩；成就argue→argument 辩论;论据treat→treatment 对待；治疗eq uip→equipment 装备；设备govern→government 政府.ance/ -ence appear→appearance 出现；外貌guide→guidance 指引；指导perform→performance 表演;节目exist→existence 存在;生存prefer→preference 偏爱refer→reference 参考；查阅（2)2（1)（2)3．4不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。
[典题在线]Ⅰ。
单句语法填空1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空）Abercrombie ＆Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly (regular）arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong。
2017高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 22 Environmental Protection练习 北师大版选修8
Unit 22 Environmental Protection(60分钟79分)Part A一、阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分)AWhen a Filipino lady is to be married,she will be the busiest person in the scene.She wants her big day to be great and memorable because most Filipinos marry only once.The bride-to-be usually loses weight before her big day because of stress.Those who can afford to pay for a wedding planner are free from worries.But average Filipinos who have no wedding planner have many things to prepare.Most brides start with the small details.The color or the designLadies are particular about color combinations.They will make sure that the flowers will perfectly match the dresses of the bride’s maids and the flower girls and that the small flower worn by the wedding host is in perfect combination with the whole design.The souvenirsMost Filipino brides make their own wedding souvenirs to give them away.They will buy the material and make the souvenirs themselves.They will spend their precious time to make them very attractive to their guest s.They will be satisfied when their guests say,“Wow,I like it.” To them,it’s worth the hard work.The wedding invitationsTo prepare the invitations is a stressful job for the bride and the groom.They will start with the listings of all possible guests.It’s stressful because if their budget is good only for 50 people and the expected guests on the list is 100,there is a problem.Filipinos think their friends and relatives will feel bad if they do not receive an invitation;whether they can attend or not,they are expecting an ually,the couple will stretch(尽力使用) their budget for the extras just not to disappoint friends and relatives.1.The writer writes the passage to .A.tell us how to have a happy weddingB.tell us the Filipino wedding traditionC.teach us how to write wedding invitation cardsD.show us how a Filipino lady prepare for a wedding2.Most Filipino ladies to be married will .anize the wedding on her ownB.have much work to deal withC.have nothing to worry aboutD.invite a wedding planner3.What can we infer from the passage?A.Filipino ladies get married once due to the cost.B.The wedding souvenirs are often expensive.C.The wedding host can wear any flower.D.Friends and relatives prefer to be invited to a wedding.【文章大意】本文为说明文,介绍了菲律宾新娘需要为婚礼做的准备。
高考英语一轮复习再回顾 题型6 短文改错题的备考策略与对点训练课件 北师大版
1．四要法 (1)要浏览全文，把握大意。 (2)要找出短文中的句号，把短文拆分成若干个 句子。短文改错不应按行去分析，而应以句子为单 位进行改错。 (3)要认真分析句子结构，从“多、缺、错”三个 方面入手，进行改错。 (4)要重新通读自己改正过的文章，进行检查。
2．四看法
(1)看每行或每句有无“一致性”错误：①主谓是 否一致；②指代是否一致；③修饰语与被修饰语是 否一致；④前后时态是否一致；⑤单复数是否一致； ⑥并列连词 and, or, but 等前后的形式是否一致。
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案：
第一句：participate 后加 in 第二句：was→is; halls→hall 第三句：t→So/Therefore/And;
China→Chinese 第五句：They→We 第六句：the→a; cheerfully→cheerful 第七句：receive→receiving
teach→teaching 第六句：which→that 第七句：see→seeing
B
Dear Mr. Smith，
I'm writing this letter to invite you to participate our New Year Party. The party was going to be held in the school meeting halls from 7：00 p．m. to 9：00 p．m. next Saturday.Many wonderful performances presenting by the teachers and students in our school, will be shown on the stage. But it will surely offer you a good opportunity to get a clear picture of China traditional culture.
2017届高考英语北师大版一轮复习教案：自由填空第四讲 定语从句 含解析
第四讲定语从句PartⅠ真题变式体验1．[2015·湖南高考]It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.答案：which根据结构，此题为一个非限制性定语从句，且句中缺少主语，故用which。
2．[2015·陕西高考]As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________ he should be able to be independent.答案：when根据结构分析，“the time”后为一个句子，“the time”为一个时间名词，故是一个定语从句，该定语从句中只能填时间状语，故用关系副词when。
3．[2015·重庆高考]He wrote many children's books, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.答案：which根据句式结构分析，逗号后为一个非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语又构成“介词＋which”的结构，故用which指代books在从句中作主语。
4．[2015·四川高考]The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.答案：whose根据句式结构分析，逗号后为定语从句，而句中主语“covers”与先行词“books”之间为所属关系，故用whose。
5．[2015·北京高考]Opposite is St. Paul's Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.答案：where分析句子结构可知，“________ you can hear some lovely music”是非限制性定语从句，“where”替代先行词“St. Paul's Church”在定语从句中作地点状语。
2017年高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结(含答案)
2017年高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结（含答案）（精品知识点总结，值得阅读借鉴）一、名词的数语法填空1. （2017 全国I 卷62） This trend, ... , has had some unintended side__ 62 __ （effect） such as overweight and heart disea—the very thi ng the medical commu nity was tryi ng to fight.解析：effects表示一些意料外的副作用”，故用复数。
2. （2017 全国II 卷61） It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __ 61 __ （crowd） on the roads...解析：crowds避免拥挤的人群。
3. （2017 全国III 卷67） She has turned down several 67 _ vitation）to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitations由前面的several可知，要用复数形式。
短文改错1. （2017 全国I 卷）The instructor kept repeating the word “ Speed up! “Slow down! ”“Turn left! ”解析：word-*words后面有并列的三句话，故word用复数words。
2. （2017 全国II 卷）Besides, they often get some useful informations from the In ternet.解析：informations-information因information是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
2017届高三英语(北师大版)一轮复习语法 第四讲 定语从句
首 页
上页
下页
末 页
第四讲
定语从句
结束
二、关系副词引导的定语从句 1．where 引导的定语从句 where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词 in/at/on ...＋which”。 Opposite is St.Paul’s Church, where you can hear some lovely music.(2015· 北京高考单选) ＝Opposite is St.Paul’s Church, in which you can hear some lovely music. 对面是圣保罗大教堂，你们在那里能听到一些动听的音乐。
首 页
上页
下页
末 页
第四讲
定语从句
结束
(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中 作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. 这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生，放假时商店关门。 2．that, which引导的定语从句 (1)which指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语，也可作定 语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物均可，在从句中可以 作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。
首 页 上页 下页 末 页
第四讲
定语从句
结束
2017版高考英语一轮总复习(北师大版) unit (1)
基础训练Ⅰ.用适当的介词或副词填空1．He went sailing and did not show ________ for a long time.2．The road that leads to Nanjing came into ________ last month.3．They were writing when Michael knocked ________ the door.4．We will debate the subject at length later when we are ________ leisure.5．I heard that he deleted my name ________ the list yesterday.6．The mayor was sentenced ________ a life imprisonment by the judge.7．Since everything develops，we have to make an adjustment ________ the changing situation.8．He was fined ￡400 ________ breaking the advanced equipment.答案 1.up e 3.at/on 4.at 5.from 6.to7．to8.forⅡ.完成句子9．He ________________ three of the many offices he held.他已经辞去他所担任的众多职务中的3个职务。
10．It is the third time that the boy ________________ computer games.这已是这个男孩第三次许诺不再玩电脑游戏了。
11．We ________________，for he is more capable of dealing with tough issues.我们选他为班长，因为他更有能力处理棘手的问题。
【名师A计划】2017高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 1 Lifestyles练习 北师大版必修1
Unit 1 Lifestyles(60分钟81分)Part A一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)AI am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval,he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way.Several weeks ago,I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines.I kept asking him to sit down,telling him that he would concentrate better.He sat but seconds later,as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it,he got up again.I was getting frustrated,but then it hit me.I started noticing his answers were much quicker and more accurate when he stood up.Could he be more absorbed while standing up?This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe.I was raised to believe that a quiet,calm child was a sure way to success.This child would have the willpower to study hard,get good grades and become someone important in life.Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities,and all you can do is loving and accepting them.As parents,throughout their growing years and beyond that,we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders,guiding them and helping them find their ways.I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate.Obviously,he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine.We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things.Some way may have worked for me but it doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations.There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique.It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life.(2015·成都外国语学校月考)1.Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him .A.work fastB.go politeC.stay relaxedD.keep attentive2.The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph probably refers to .A.his son’s doing better while s tanding upB.his failure in keeping his son under controlC.his own experience as a school boyD.his disappointment with his active child3.By this passage,the author attempts to tell other parents to .A.correct their kids’ manners from the early age sB.respect and trust their kids’ ways of behaviorsC.develop a good relationship with their childrenD.guarantee their children’s freedom at home4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A.Parental help with teens’ studyB.Adult influence on teen growthC.Kids’ success in their own stylesD.Friendship between generations【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
2017高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 9 Wheels练习 北师大版必修3
Unit 9 Wheels(80分钟106分)Part A一、阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)At six weeks of age,little Nathan,Mal and their sister who is yet to be named,resemble three kittens purring and napping for the majority of the day.But by the end of the year,Ben Britton,37,expects his current African lion roommates to weigh up to 40 kilograms each and no longer fit on his couch.As the director of Wild Animal Encounters in Western Sydney,Mr Britton has taken on the role of the lions’ mother from the day they were born,after the ir natural mother rejected them.“They’re sleeping around 20-22 hours a day at the moment so they’re not very active,they only have short bursts of energy when they’re fed which is about four times a day,and then they crash about half an hour after that.”“Yeah—they have already worked out how to get on the lounge.They just take a little run and jump.”But as their weight grows by one kilogram a week,it won’t be long before the big cats can no longer find a space on the couch.Bringing the animals out of their enclosures and into new environments,including his home,is a regularly practiced thing at the Wild Animal Encounters park.“Animals have got so much going on in the wild—food,shelter,predators,prey and so on.When they come into captivity we supply and delete a lot of that.The mental side in captivity is hard to match,so we try to enrich their lives as much as we can which includes investigating new areas,”Mr Britton said.1.The three lion kittens live .A.at the zooB.in the forestC.in Mr Britton’s homeD.in the nature2.Mr Britton takes the responsibility to take care of the lions because .A.this is his dutyB.he likes them very muchC.he takes them as his petsD.their mother rejected them3.The underlined word “captivity” in the last paragr aph has the similar meaning as in the passage.A.enclosureB.wildC.environmentD.the Wild Animal Encounters park4.The animals living in the wild have the following advantages except .A.doing many thingsB.always getting enough foodC.their mental side being matchedD.rich lives【文章大意】本文为记叙文,主要讲述了三只澳洲小狮子被带回人类家庭抚养后的生活。
高中英语复习北师大版《短文改错》 课件 (共39张PPT)
2011-2016全国新课标Ⅰ卷 短文改错的考察
一、动词
1.动词的时态和语态错误。
Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups
三、名词
1. 名词单、复数形式 I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school.
classmates ( 2013年浙江卷)
2. 名词所有格 When I finally arrived at my friend, he lent me lots
of clothes. (2011全国卷Ⅰ) friend’s
5. He lied down by the side of path to rest.
lay
二、形容词和副词
1. 形容词和副词的误用 I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
wonderful 2.比较级和最高级的混用或误用 As a result, people in the modern world generally
单句模拟：
易考不可数名词
1.Don’t lose hearts, and you’ll be successful in time.
heart
2.These machines look the same,but they are of
different kind.
progress, furniture,
高考英语一轮复习 学通语法(增分语法填空和短文改错)北师大版
学通语法（增分语法填空和短文改错）集释(一) “语境考查类”语法项目第一讲冠__词单句语法填空1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.3．(2015·浙江高考改编)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way.4．(2015·陕西高考改编)The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.5．(2015·重庆高考改编)I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.一、不定冠词(一)不定冠词的基本用法1．表示泛指某个人或事物。
I met a friend of yours today as I hurried off to work.今天我在赶着去上班的路上遇到了你的一位朋友。
2．用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。
My friend John is a handsome young man, a young man everyone likes to work with.我的朋友约翰是一个英俊的年轻人，一个人人都喜欢与他共事的年轻人。
【24份】2017版高考英语一轮复习(北师大版)课堂检测含答案
【24份】2017版高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习课堂检测含答案目录Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Rather than ________(ride) on a crowded bus，he always prefers ________(ride)a bicycle.2．He is so ________(bore)with the TV series that he switches over.3．Over the years，he has spent his spare time on the ________(distant) learning on the Internet.4．When I hear the word “football” I switch ________ because I am not interested in it.5．It's not easy for many students to find a job after ________(graduate)from colleges in present situation.6．We had a ________(peace) afternoon without the children.7．If someone is always complaining ________ life，he won't experience the real happiness of life.8．The sunshine is ________ beautiful that I'd like to go swimming in the sea.9．This is the same skirt ________ she was wearing a year ago.10．________(suffer) such heavy pollution already，the river can't be cleaned up.答案 1.ride；to ride 2.bored 3.distance 4.off 5．graduating 6.peaceful7.about8.so9.that 10．Having sufferedⅡ.单句改错1．The operation was successfully performed，but the patient suffered shock.____________2．They are so interesting novels that I want to read them once again.____________3．Le Jia has the same hairstyle that Meng Fei.____________4．The reference book，mainly designing for colleges，is a bestseller this year.____________。
17高考英语一轮复习北师大版4.doc
高考真题周周练（9）阅读理解ADoctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didn't realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon (外科医生). I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot — and my boss — so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, "We need to put the landing gear down now!" That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I've used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they're not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”.21. What does the author say about doctors in general?A. They like flying by themselves.B. They are unwilling to take advice.C. They pretend to be good pilots.D. They are quick learners of CRM.22. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when ______.A. he saved the plane by speaking upB. he was in charge of a flying taskC. his boss landed the plane too lateD. his boss operated on a patient23. In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means ______.A. following flying requi rementsB. overreacting to different opinionsC. listening to what fellow doctors sayD. making a mistake that may cost lives24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying SafeB. Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorC. The Making of a Good PilotD. A Pilot-Turned DoctorBIn 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian con ductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed ev ent every Au gust and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official f estival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.Today the “Fringe”, once le ss recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.A paid administrator (行政人员) was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.25. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?A. To bring Europe together again.B. To honor heroes of World War II.C. To introduce young theatre groups.D. To attract great artists from Europe.26. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?A. They owned a public house there.B. They came to take up a challenge.C. They thought they were also famous.D. They wanted to take part in the festival.27. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?A. Popular writers.B. University students.C. Artists from around the world.D. Performers of music a nd dance.28. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival ______.A. has become a non-official eventB. has gone beyond an art festivalC. gives shows all year roundD. keeps growing rapidly阅读七选五UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 36 In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history — a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 37 The process of urbanization — the migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the city — was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 38Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took abou t ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.39 Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite (精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 40 Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers mor e productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.短文改错Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the test s. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?完形填空The year I went away to college was a very difficult transition (过渡期) for me. 41 is probably tr ue with many people, I got quite homesick and 42 thought about going home.Although the 43 time for m any students is getting 44 from home, my mailbox was frequently 45 . One day when I went to the mailbox, there was a postcard 46 out at me.I sat down to read it, 47 a note from someone back home. 48 I became increasingly puzzled (困惑) as 49 postcards were like this: It was a full news report about a woman named Mabel and her newborn baby. I took the card back to my room and 50 about it.Several days later I 51 another postcard, this one 52 news about Maybelline, Mabel's cousin. Soon after, another card arrived and then another, 53 full of news of different people.I began to 54 look forward to the next o ne, 55 to see what this author would come up with 56 . I was never 57 .Finally, the cards 58 coming, right about the time I had begun to feel 59 about college life. They had been such a happy distraction (调剂) that I have 60 all the postcards and still bring them out to read whenever I need a lift.41. A. If B. So C. As D. What42. A. often B. carefully C. seldom D. merely43. A. hard B. last C. busiest D. happiest44. A. visitors B. letters C. calls D. directions45. A. empty B. full C. closed D. open46. A. pouring B. reaching C. staring D. rolling47. A. describing B. considering C. enjoying D. expecting48. A. But B. Thus C. Also D. Even49. A. any B. no C. some D. such50. A. joked B. talked C. forgot D. cared51. A. mailed B. accepted C. wrote D. received52. A. delivering B. demanding C. discovering D. developing53. A. one B. each C. either D. both54. A. nearly B. possibly C. usually D. really55. A. promising B. surprised C. interested D. pretending56. A. below B. lately C. next D. behind57. A. frightened B. disappointed C. excited D. pleased58. A. continued B. stopped C. started D. avoided59. A. easy B. safe C. tired D. anxious60. A. lost B. collected C. torn D. saved高考真题周周练（9）Keys21-24: BADB (全国卷2013)25-28: ADBD (全国卷2013)36-40: EDBAF (北京2013)41-60: CADBA; CDABC; DABDC; CBBAD (全国卷2006)短文改错 (四川2013)Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty (改difficult), but I tried hardly (改hard) to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking (改asked) me to let her to (去to)copy my answers. After think (改thinking) for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all (改both) of us were ca lled to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had (加the) same answers in the tests (改test). We we re warned not to cheat again so (改or) she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does (改did) she punish me?精美句子1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
学通语法（增分语法填空和短文改错）集释(一) “语境考查类”语法项目第一讲冠__词单句语法填空1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned.3．(2015·浙江高考改编)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way.4．(2015·陕西高考改编)The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.5．(2015·重庆高考改编)I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.一、不定冠词(一)不定冠词的基本用法1．表示泛指某个人或事物。
I met a friend of yours today as I hurried off to work.今天我在赶着去上班的路上遇到了你的一位朋友。
2．用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。
My friend John is a handsome young man, a young man everyone likes to work with.我的朋友约翰是一个英俊的年轻人，一个人人都喜欢与他共事的年轻人。
3．表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。
I remember he came here on a Sunday and left soon.我记得他在某个星期天来过，并且很快就离开了。
4．用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
He missed the gold medal in the high jump, but he will get a second chance in the long jump.他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中他还有机会。
5．用在形容词的比较等级前，表示“一个更……的”。
If we sit near the front of the bus, we'll have a better view.如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部，视野就会更好些。
6．用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。
物质名词或抽象名词仅表示概念时，是不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词。
但如果表示具体的人或事，特别是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面可加不定冠词。
Tony is a famous pianist. I'm absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be a success.托尼是一位著名的钢琴家，我十分确信这个星期天他的音乐会一定成功。
(二)固定搭配中的不定冠词不定冠词常用于某些固定搭配中，常见的有：have a gift for有……的天赋have a holiday度假get a lift/ride搭便车 pay a visit to参观lend sb. a hand帮助某人 as a result因此as a rule通常，照例 in a hurry匆忙地at a distance离一段距离a waste of……的浪费What a pity！真遗憾！ be/go on a diet节食a collection of一批…… a knowledge of知道have a good time玩得高兴 make a living谋生as a matter of fact事实上 have a history of有……历史in a sense/way在某种意义上 for a while暂时，一时all of a sudden突然a matter of……的问题have a population of有……人口cover an area of占……的面积You can ask anyone for help. Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.(2014·安徽高考单选)你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。
二、定冠词(一)定冠词的基本用法1．特指双方都知道的或上文提到过的人或物。
I went to a university in New Zealand. The university was founded in the early twentieth century.我在新西兰的一所大学就读，这所大学建立于20世纪初。
2．用于单数可数名词或形容词前，表示一类人或物。
①As we all know, the brain is the centre of thought.众所周知，大脑是思维的中心。
②As a matter of fact, the rich aren't always happy.事实上富人并非总是快乐的。
[名师指津]———————————————————————————————————————“the＋adj.”表示一类人的常用短语：the rich富人the dead死者the poor穷人 the aged老人the old老人 the living活着的人the young年轻人 the injured/wounded受伤的人—————————————————————————————————————3．用于序数词和形容词或副词最高级以及形容词only, very, same等之前。
①Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中国杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。
②Now, years later, this river is one of the most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.(2014·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)在数年之后的现在，这条河成为了环境治理的最突出的范例之一。
4．用于被限制性修饰语加以限制的人或物前。
The village where I was born has grown into a town.(2014·陕西高考单选)我出生的村庄已变成了一个城镇。
5．用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数前，表示某个年代。
As is well known to us all, the Second World War broke out in the thirties.众所周知，二战爆发于30年代。
6．用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。
The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住在我们楼上的公寓里。
7．用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
No one knows exactly how the moon came into existence, as it happened so long ago.没有人确切知道月球是怎样形成的，因为这发生在很久之前。
8．用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。
As far as I know, he likes playing the piano.据我所知，他喜欢弹钢琴。
(二)固定结构及固定短语中的定冠词1．固定结构中的定冠词(1)用于“by＋the＋表示计量单位的名词”结构中，表示“按……计算”。
—It's said that John will be in a job paying over D|S60,000 a year.—Right, he will also get paid by the week.——据说，约翰将获得一个年薪超过6万美元的工作。
——是的，他的工资还将按周支付。
(2)用于“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体某一部位”结构中。
His nose bled when the thief hit him in the face.那个贼打到了他的脸，他鼻子出血了。
(3)用于the more ... the more ...(越……越……)结构中。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，就会越少犯错误。
2．固定短语中的定冠词at the moment此刻；目前in the end 最后，最终to tell the truth说实话on the other hand另一方面by the way顺便说一下in the middle of在……中间at the same time同时on the contrary相反on the whole总的来说in the distance在远处to the point 中肯；切题make the most/best of充分利用go to the cinema/theater去看电影/戏剧Now that you have such a good chance, you'd better make the best of every minute to achieve your goal.既然你有这么好的一次机会，你最好充分利用每一分钟去实现你的目标。
三、零冠词(一)零冠词的基本用法下列情况下不用冠词。
1．表示泛指的不可数名词或复数名词前。
①Ke eping a diary is a good habit, by which you'll make great progress.记日记是一个可以让你取得巨大进步的好习惯。
②Telephones are still playing an important role in people's life.电话在人们的生活中仍然起着重要的作用。