2018北大考研英语笔译真题
2018年考研英语一真题及答案（完整版）【2】
2018年考研英语一真题及答案（完整版）【2】Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump's use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president's social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for Buzz Feed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young peopl e assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people's reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events moreintimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media.In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of t he issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.26.【题干】According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on【选项】A.the justification of the news-filtering practice.B.people's preference for social media platforms.C.the administrations ability to handle information.D.social media was a reliable source of news.答案 [D]social media was a reliable source of news解析：细节题。
2018年下半年高级笔译真题及参考答案
2018年下半年高级笔译真题及参考答案注意事项1. 请按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等；2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题，答案写在答题卷上；3. 请保持卷面整洁，不要在标封区填写无关内容；4. 答题时间为180分钟。
Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese.1.宪法是国家的根本大法，是治国安邦的总章程，是党和人民意志的集中体现。
2.今年以来，中国稳增长、调结构、促改革协调推进，主要得益于宏观管理方式的创新。
3.我们还通过加强监管和规范发展，积极防范和化解财政金融领域的潜在风险。
4.促进区域发展平衡、扩大社会保障网络、提高生产率和维持高速经济增长仍然需要建设大量基础设施，这要求高效地调动私人和公共资本。
5.马云曾在公开场合表态，中国经济放缓为“真正的市场经济”蓬勃发展提供了契机，而且刺激消费以推动经济成长，将由企业而非政府主导。
6.The current financial crisis in the US is likely to be judged in retrospect as the most wrenching since the end of World War II.7.Following the collapse of the dot-com bubble in 2001, Alan Greenspan, chairman of the Federal Reserve at the time, dropped interest rates substantially to cushion the impact rather than let the market imbalances correct themselves.8.The project has been running since April 2008 and so far partners have worked together to explore the meaning of the terms “employability” an “entrepreneurship” and how the terms may differ in the UK and China.9.Across the country, from the big cities of Beijing and Shanghai to the smallest regional towns, countless such complexes have sprung up in recent years as developers and local governments have rushed to capitalise on the frenzy for property. and European banks are offering huge pay packages to hire top bankers in Asia-Pacific, in a sign that the compensation curbs pledged by financial groups after the crisis are already being eroded.Part ⅡTranslate the following passages into Chinese.Passage 1US Senate Overwhelmingly Approves Smbolic Motion Challenging Trump’s TariffsThe US Senate on Wednesday approved a motion to restore congressional authority over tariffs imposed on the basis of national security, underscoring bipartisan opposition to the Trump administration’s trade policy.The non-binding motion, which passed 88-11, comes after lawmakers in both the House and the Senate introduced binding legislation that would crimp the president’s authority on issues related to trade. The bills have yet to be scheduled for a vote.The proposed legislation, as well as the motion passed on Wednesday, focus on duties imposed under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The statute uses national security as a basis for raising barriers to trade and has been used by the Trump administration to slap tariffs on metals imports from important US allies. The White House has launched an investigation into whether tariffs on auto imports should be imposed under the same law. Lawmakers in both the Republican and Democratic parties have been vocal in their opposition to the use of Section 232.Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch said in a tweet that the vote on Wednesday “underscores the consensus of the Senate–the admin. should rethink its approach on Section 232tariffs.”注释：Trade Expansion Act of 1962：1962年《贸易扩展法》Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch：美国参议院财政委员会主席奥林•哈奇Passage 2OFFERAn offer is an expression of willingness to contract on specified terms, made with the intention that it is to be binding once accepted by the person to whom it is addressed. There must be an objective manifestation of intent by the offeror to be bound by the offer if accepted by the other party. Therefore, the offeror will be bound if his words or conduct are such as to induce a reasonable third party observer to believe that he intends to be bound, even if in fact he has no such intention.An offer can be addressed to a single person, to a specified group of persons, or to the world at large. An example of the latter would be a reward poster for the return of a lost pet.An offer may be made expressly (by words) or by conduct.An offer must be distinguished from an invitation to treat, by which a person does not make an offer but invites another party to do so. Whether a statement is an offer or an invitation to treat depends primarily on the intention with which it is made. An invitation to treat is not made with the intention that it is to be binding as soon as the person to whom it is addressed communicates his assent to its terms.Part III Translate the following passages into English.Passage 12018年上半年，我国进出口规模再创历史新高。
2018年翻译硕士考研英语练习题及答案
2018年翻译硕士考研英语练习题及答案I. V ocabulary and grammar (30’)Multiple choicesDirections: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1. Thousands of people turned out into the streets to _________ against the local authorities’ decision to build a highway across the field.A. contradictB. reformC. counterD. protest2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A. minorityB. scarcityC. rarityD. minimum3. Professor Johnson’s retirement _______ from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. puts into effect4. The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ________ government spending.A. financeB. expandC. enlargeD. budget5. The heat in summer is no less _________ here in this mountain region.A. concentratedB. extensiveC. intenseD. intensive6. Taking photographs is strictly ________ here, as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A. forbiddenB. rejectedC. excludedD. denied7. Mr. Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _________.A. pull backB. pull upC. pull throughD. pull out8. Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer’s _________ rather than the company’s.A. benefitB. availabilityC. suitabilityD. convenience9. The priest made the ________ of the cross when he entered the church.A. markB. signalC. signD. gesture10. This spacious room is ________ furnished with just a few articles in it.A. lightlyB. sparselyC. hardlyD. rarely11. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were12. With some men dressing down and some other men flaunting their looks, it is really hard to tell they are gay or _________.A. straightB. homosexualC. beautifulD. sad13. His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as toB. such as toC. such toD. as much as to14. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came15. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be16. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have to install _________ solar heating device in our home.A. some type ofB. some types of aC. some type of aD. some types of17. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make18. I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.A. something butB. anything butC. nothing butD. not but19. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim.A. much more sportsmanB. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsmanD. more a sportsman20. That was not the first time he ________ us. I think it’s high time we ________ strong actions against him.A. betrayed… takeB. had betrayed… tookC. has betrayed… tookD. has betrayed… takeII. Reading comprehension (40’)Section 1 multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.Passage AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Governments financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always hadbragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club—Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales—a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe—only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline, Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots”, is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nati on’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere—on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”1. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant toA. maintain the present status among the nations.B. reduce legislative powers of England.C. create a better state of equality among the nations.D. grant more say to all the nations in the union.2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph meansA. separatist.B. conventional.C. feudal.D. political3. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. people’s desire for devolution.B. locals’ turnout for the voting.C. powers of the legislative body.D. status of the national language.4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity?A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D. The national symbol has become a familiar sight.5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA. people’s mentality.B. pop culture.C. town’s appearance.D. possibilities for the people.Passage BThe miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century.The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world. With the explosion of wealth, that began in the 19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before. The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food, warmth, shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify. That remarkable promise became reality in many ways. Governments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly (Social Security in the U.S.). Labor unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees. Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—in some cases the promise—of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions? The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself, a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history. For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been. Ultimately I’m on my own. Now it became, ultimately I’ll be taken care of.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the 1980s. U.S. business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively, with huge Layoffs. The trend accelerated in the 1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality. IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands, many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible, and a few of whom killed themselves. The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labor-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades. President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare. Americans realized that Socia l Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to defined contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). the significance of the 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a pe rson’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts were locked while the company changed pla n administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’ retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away fro m guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th-century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own.6. Why does the author say at the beginnin g “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.7. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standard.D. people’s social values.8. Changes in pension schemes were also part ofA. the corporate lay-offs.B. the government cuts in welfare spending.C. the economic restructuring.D. the warning power of labors unions.9. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly becauseA. the 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.10. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. The 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.Section 2 Answering questions (20’)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions 1～3For 40 years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself. But the 2,400 school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition. The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species.The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season, when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’ chances of reproducing successfully. Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs. They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn, when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well established. Organisers of the event, which is led by about 400 Territorial Army volunteers, say moving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek. Dartmoor is home to 10 rare species of ground-nesting birds, including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings. In some cases, species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.Emma Parkin, South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB, took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year. “It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part bu t, having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal,” she said. “We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over. There is a risk of destruction and disturbance. If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest.” Helen Booker, an RSPB upland conservation officer, said there was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little do ubt the walk was detrimental. “If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting. There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs.” A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from earlyMarch to mid-July, and the Ten Tors Challenge created the potential for disturbance for March, when participants start training.To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period. There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004, “but until then any change was unlikely. The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next survey showed any further decline, it would increase pressure to move the Challenge,” he said.Major Mike Pether, secretary of the army committee that organises the Challenge, said the event could be moved if there was the popular will. “The Ten Tors has been running for 42 years and it has always been at this time of the year. It is almost in tablets of stone but that’s not to say we won’t consider moving if there is a consensus in favour. However, although the RSPB would like it moved, 75 per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is,” he said. Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season, most of the children were on holiday in the summer, and the winter weather was too harsh.Datmoor National Park occupies some 54 sq km of hills topped by granite outcrops known as “Tors” with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching 621m. The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker. The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range. The origin of the event stretches back to 1959 when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers. In the first year 203 youngsters took up the challenges. Since then teams, depending on age and ability, face hikes of 35, 45 or 55 miles between 10 nominated Tors over two days. They are expected to carry everything they need to survive.1. What is the Ten Tors Challenge? Give a brief introduction of its location and history.2. Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons?3. What are the difficulties if the event is moved to the autumn or other seasons?Questions 4～5Mike and Adam Hurewitz grew up together on Long Island, in the suburbs of New York City. They were very close, even for brothers. So when Adam’s liver started failing, Mike offered to give him half of his. The operation saved Adam’s life. But Mike, who went into the hospital in seemingly excellent health, developed a complication—perhaps a blood colt—and died last week. He was 57. Mike Hurewitz’s death has prompted a lot of soul searching in the transplant community. Was it a tragic fluke or a sign that transplant surgery has reached some kind of ethical limit? The Mount Sinai Medical Center, the New York City hospital where the complex double operation was performed, has put on hold its adult living donor liver transplant program, pending a review of Hurewitz’s death. Mount Sinai has performed about 100 such operation s in the past three years.A 1-in-100 risk of dying may not seem like bad odds, but there’s more to this ethical dilemma than a simple ratio. The first and most sacred rule of medicine is to do no harm. “For a normal healthy person a mortality rate 1% is h ard to justify,” says Dr. John Fung, chief of transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. “If the rate stays at 1%, it’s just not going to be accepted.” On the other hand, there’s an acute shortage of traditional donor organs from people who have died in accidents or suffered fatal heart attacks. If family members fullyunderstand the risks and are willing to proceed, is there any reason to stand in their way? Indeed, a recent survey showed that most people will accept a mortality rate for living organ donors as high as 20%. The odds, thankfully, aren’t nearly that bad. For kidney donors, for example, the risk ranges from 1 in 2, 500 to 1 in 4, 000 for a healthy volunteer. That helps explain why nearly 40% of kidney transplants in the U.S. come from living donors.The operation to transplant a liver, however, is a lot trickier than one to transplant a kidney. Not only is the liver packed with blood vessels, but it also makes lots of proteins that need to be produced in the right ratios for the body to survive. When organs from the recently deceased are used, the surgeon gets to pick which part of the donated liver looks the best and to take as much of it as needed. Assuming all goes well, a healthy liver can grow back whatever portion of the organ is missing, sometimes within a month.A living-donor transplant works particularly well when an adult donates a modest portion of the liver to a child. Usually only the left lobe of the organ is required, leading to a mortality rate for living-donors in the neighborhood of 1 in 500 to 1 in 1, 000. But when the recipient is another adult, as much as 60% of the donor’s liver has to be removed. “There really is very little margin for error,” says Dr. Fung. By way of analogy, he suggests, think of a tree. “An adult-to-child living-donor transplant is like cutting off a limb. With an adult-to-adult transplant, you’re splitting the trunk in half and trying to keep both halves alive.”Even if a potential donor understand and accepts these risks, that doesn’t necessarily mean the operation should proceed. All sorts of subtle pressures can be brought to bear on such a decision, says Dr. Mark Siegler, director of the MacLean for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago. “Sometimes the sicker the pa tient, the greater the pressure and the more willing the donor will be to accept risks.” If you feel you can’t say no, is your decision truly voluntary? And if not, is it the medical community’s responsibility to save you from your own best intentions?Transplant centers have developed screening programs to ensure that living donors fully understand the nature of their decision. But unexamined, for the most part, is the larger issue of just how much a volunteer should be allowed to sacrifice to save another human being. So far, we seem to be saying some risk is acceptable, although we’re still vaguer about where the cutoff should be. There will always be family members like Mike Hurewitz who are heroically prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one. What the medical profession and society must decide is if it’s appropriate to let them do so.4. Describe in your own words the liver transplant between the two brothers Mike and Adam.5. What is the major issue raised in the article?III. Writing (30’)Some people see education simply as going to school or college, or as a means to secure good jobs; other people view education as a lifelong process. In your opinion, how important is education to people in the modern society?Write a composition of about 400 words on your view of the topic.翻译硕士英语模练习参考答案I. V ocabulary and grammar (30’)1-10 DABAC ACDDB11-20 AABBD ACBBCII. Reading comprehension (40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)1. C2. A3. D4. B5. A6. D7. A8. C9. B 10. BSection 2 Answe ring questions (20’)Key points1. located in Dartmoor Park/with 54 sq km of hills covered by “Tors”/an event starting from 1959/young people walking over a distance of 55-mile trek in two days/in Spring (May)/ a kind of outdoor physical training2. enviro nmentalism/threatening of some “internationally rare bird species”/breeding season/nesting season/destroying eggs/frightening birds/declining of birds3. if moved to autumn/children “on holiday” during the training period/majority unwilling to change the time/if moved earlier: lambing season/winter: too harsh and cold4. Mike and Adam/one’s liver “failing”, Mike donated half of his liver/Adam survived/Mike, the healthy brother, due to the “complication” developed in the operation, died after the successful transplant5. when there is a risk of donors’ dying from organ transplant between family members/1 in 100 risk/higher or lower/Shall such transplant operations be encouraged?/different viewpoints/heated argumentIII. Writing (30’)Education as a Lifelong ProcessWhen we talk about education, we can easily think of schools, colleges and young people. As a matter of fact, education is so important in modern society that it can be viewed as a lifelong process.Firstly, it’s the requirement of fast-developing society to receive education despite of your age. Our world is changing dramatically with the development of new science and technology. A person who completed his education at school in the 1970s or the 1980s may have encountered new problems when he is working now. The problems might have something to do with his major or other aspects. For example an accountant now must master the skills of accounting through computers, which is a basic tool for him, so he should also learn how to apply his job in a computer no matter how old he is.Secondly, education creates human character and moralities. Through education, youth may learn how to make contributions to the world. And the old may learn new things to enrich their lives. Through education, a healthy person can become stronger and a disabled person can have a new hope on his life. Man can find great pleasure in education.Thirdly, our modem society has provided everyone with the chance to receive education. As long as you wish you could get education by attending night-schools, adult colleges, trainingcenters and even long-distance education through Internet and TV.In a word, knowledge is boundless, and life is limited. So education is a lifelong process.。
英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年11月及答案解析
英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年11月及答案解析(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it´s always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New rese arch shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve a s “transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence onparents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects.”Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone users exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People also like to be near their phones: A 2013 survey cited by the Hungarian team. Nearly as many people report being distressed when they’re separated from their phone.Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re no t talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels help you “feel less alone”.________下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat gaginst environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and ...viable role for every member in the world.. production .health education in developing countries. But some argue that it´s a vague idea, some organizations may use it in it´s own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs,habitude and people.Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country´s economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state forarmaments can be fatal.For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently. Developing countries often use this argument to justify their restrictions on foreign goods.Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.________上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following two passages into English.Part A Compulsory Translation第3题人类在漫长发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的世界文明，中华文明是世界文明多样性、多元化的重要组成部分。
【最新整理】2018考研英语(一)真题及答案【完整版】(word版可编辑修改)
【最新整理】2018考研英语(一)真题及答案【完整版】(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（【最新整理】2018考研英语(一)真题及答案【完整版】(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一)答案在最后哦～Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things： child care， friendships, etc。
On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries ahigh 3。
4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution， their brains release oxytocin， a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another。
北京大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
三、命题作文 800 字 写博客或评论 QQ 和 360 之争
才思教育考研考博全心全意
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汉语写作与百科知识
一、25 个名词解释： 1.洋务运动 2.百日维新 3.北洋水师 4.五月花号 5.玫瑰战争 6.滞涨 7.马建忠 8.十二铜表
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9.马其诺防线 10.直接民主 11.陪审团 12.山顶洞人 13.贸易顺差 14.自由宪章 15.荷马史诗 16.免罪推论 17.圈地运动 18.失乐园 19.利维坦 20.帕累托改进 21.刘易斯拐点 22.波士顿倾茶事件
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才思教育考研考博全心全意
念夏洛蒂的文章《最后一幅素描》中说 ：“凡是读过她的书的人，谁不钦佩这位妇 女对真理的炽热的爱，她的 勇敢，她的纯真，她对邪恶的义愤，她热切的同情心，她虔诚的爱和信仰，她激越的荣誉感。一种急切的诚实是 这位妇女的性格特征。”这段话可以说是夏洛蒂的真实写照。
英语翻译基础
一、词语翻译（30 个） reciprocal banquet talk show black tea Byzantine Empire Sanitery ware WHO CIA CNN HDTV CPU CBS…… 艾滋病毒 应用语言学 国际货币基金组织 爵士摇滚 入境签证
二、十个中文术语中译英 美国联邦储备银行 拜占庭帝国 在餐馆干杂活的小工 谋杀未遂 核裁军 减免学杂费 经济指标
因为不愿意暴露身分，所以我们用库瑞尔、艾利斯、阿克顿贝尔这些笔名来隐藏本名。这个因为良心不 安而做出的暧昧抉择，是假设基督徒对于名为男性的思考是正面的。我们并不喜欢宣布我们是女人，因 为——毫无疑问的，我们的著作和思想是不会被称为“女注意到评论家有时是如何因为个性而抨击，有时则是用谄媚当作鼓励，这些 并不是真正的评价。
2018年考研英语翻译真题解析
2018年考研英语翻译真题解析考研英语是一门需要长时间积累的学科，对于备战2022考研的学子们来说，需要大家对历年翻译真题的句子自己先翻译一遍，再仔细分析一遍，今天我们来看2018年的第二个句子。
47.No boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.断句：No boy /who went to a grammar school /could be ignorant /that the drama was a form of literature /which gave glory to Greece and Rome /and might yet bring honor to England.(一)拆分主句和从句----拆分标志：标点和连词，此句没有标点，有连词who, that; which;1. who went to a grammar school2. that the drama was a form of literature3. which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.(二)抓主干，识修饰1. 主干：No boy could be ignorant that宾从2. 修饰：定语从句：who went to a grammar school ，修饰主语boy表语后的宾语从句：that the drama was a form of literature定语从句：which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England，修饰literature(三) 根据翻译技巧确定句意1. 主句属于主系表结构，顺译：没有一个男孩不了解2. 表语后的宾语从句，顺译：戏剧是一种文学形式3. 定语从句，少于8个单词，译到修饰的名词前。
2018北京大学翻译硕士MTI真题
2018真题回忆：翻译硕士英语* 完型论文摘要一篇：主要内容：从耻辱感到罪恶感考核单词、词组、连接词文章理解* 阅读四篇第一篇围绕一个人文主义作家，讲古典文学创作传统的隐晦和强调神的地位受人文主义影响后的变化第二篇缺乏封建传统使得美国工人运动乏力第三篇美国国会未能降低赤字，作者对两党的批评第四篇翻译起源于对希腊语和拉丁语的教学，这一传统对后来研究的阻碍作用* 排序五题茶叶党的文化特征和对宪法的不坚定性一个已给出，一个多余* 作文交际翻译和语义翻译哪个更好翻译*词条1. 举债融资2. 产能3. 淡季4. 京津冀一体化5. 动车6. 自媒体7. 创新示范区8. 中华民族伟大复兴9. 宏观政策10. 供给侧改革11. 新常态12. 陪产假13. 男女平等14. 打车软件15. 低头族16. UNICEF17. Ganges18. Think tank19. Passover20. The Bastille21. Glucose22. Republicanism23. surrealism24. procrastination25. tipping point26. Chiang Kai-shek27. Kilimanjaro28. avant-garde29. Notre Dame de Paris30. Academy Reward英译汉话题：历法汉译英话题：生态文学百科1.25个选择（每个一分）实在记不全，都是参考书里的，西方哲学、翻译理论、翻译项目管理、《中国翻译》上的文章都有考。
记得的有：下面哪个关于“逻各斯”的说法不对文化翻译的原则《弗兰恩斯坦》的作者傅雷翻译观第五次科技革命的成果中国翻译发展的特点大数据的特点2. 论述（每个5分）最后5个选择完还要用300字回答提问1.《华夏集》的作者、翻译理念、写作背景2.《钦定本圣经》的修订背景、影响3.鲁迅和维努狄异化翻译观的异同4.对等翻译理论是谁提出的，内容？5.当代中国翻译在海外出版的不足和建议3.小作文给日语翻译公司的求职自荐信4.大作文共享经济。
北京大学(北大)翻硕硕士英语考研真题、难度解析(精)
北京大学英语笔译 MTI 考研信息整理北京大学英语笔译考研参考书、招生人数、历年分数线、报录比、复试信息1.招生人数2015年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15~20人;实际招生人数为:18人(2人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 2016年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15人;实际招生人数为:18人(1人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 学制:两年北大翻硕学费:2016年:5万/两年;2015年:8万/两年;前几年北大翻硕的学费都比较高,16年进行了调整,降至 5万。
2.初试考试科目:1、101思想政治理论(100分2、211翻译硕士英语(100分3、357英语翻译基础(150分4、448汉语写作与百科知识(150分★★★育明宋老师解析:北大英语 MTI 只有笔译一个方向,初试除了思想政治理论是全国统一试卷, 剩下的三门专业课, 都是北大自主出题, 出题的整体方向都偏文学性, 特别指出的是, 北大英语 MTI 和日语的 MTI 的专业课汉语写作与百科知识,考的是同一张试卷,分为基础知识(100分和专业知识(50分两部分,满分 150分.北大考研(翻译技巧——形容词的翻译形容词与比较级形容词的第三大难点即形容词比较级的翻译,说到这里,很多小伙伴不以为然,不就是“比…更…” 吗,但是,你要相信考试的时候是不会出“this stick is longer than that one”这类弱智句子的, 下面我们一起来缕缕这些时常困扰着我们的比较级~1, “比较级+than”结构,这类句式比较常见,在翻译时,要先翻译 than 后面的内容,如:①Marseilles has proved to be a better racial melting pot than Lyons.事实证明,与里昂相比,马赛是一个更好的种族大熔炉。
②She’s much happier performing live than in a recording studio.与在录音棚里录音相比,她更喜欢现场表演。
2018年北外MTI翻译基础真题
北京外国语大学2018年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语口译、英语笔译科目名称：英语翻译基础(考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each)1.AIIB2.CDM3.flipped classroom4.Ethereum5.demographic dividend6.universiade7.INDC8.on board infotainment9.AI10.graphene11.COP12.human-machine interaction13.UI14.private equity15.majority ownershipII．Translate the following terms into English. (15 points, 1 point each)1.小康社会2.造林工程3.译制片4.食品添加剂5.行政审批6.名胜古迹7.民主集中制8.社会主义核心价值观9.表情包10.中共中央军事委员会11.员工福利12.共享单车13.要有大局意识14.论语15.上市公司III．Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 points)A survey of rural in- and out-of school young people towards agriculture, based on field-work in two regions in Ethiopia, is remarkably rich and insightful. Life as a farmer was tied to life in a village which most respondents saw as hard and demanding. Yet there was considerable heterogeneity in the views of the young. Participants in both regions concurred that agriculture has changed significantly over the last decade. The introduction and adoption of agricultural inputs such as improved seeds, fertilisers and better farming methods have produced significant increases in productivity and earnings.There were competing narratives on whether agriculture was becoming more desirable to young people as a result. Participants felt that these developments were making agriculture more and more profitable and therefore more appealing. But they felt that there was a huge obstacle in engaging in it – scarcity of land. Although the dominant view was that young people are disinterested in agriculture, some participants pointed out that this was not always the case.A slightly more positive attitude towards agriculture was evident among young people who had left school, either failing to complete high school for various reasons or to qualify for higher level education. Although this group of respondents were equally aware of the grimness of traditional agriculture and the life of the common farmer, many were not dismissive of agriculture as a possible future livelihood, while a few even saw it as a preferred livelihood option, under improved conditions.IV. Translate the following passage into English (60 points)这个依山而建、占地1.3公顷的北京园，由三进庭院组成，融汇了皇家园林的精华，包括幽雅的宫廷园、富丽大气的山水园、含蓄内敛的山地园，处处彰显了皇家园林富丽典雅的气质。
2018年北京大学翻译硕士考研参考书,考研大纲,考研复试经验,复试分数线,录取名单
北京大学翻译硕士英语笔译考研资料-考研考博一．北京大学外国语学院英语笔译考研内容分析专业招生人数初试复试英语笔译年份/分数线统考推免政治100分翻译硕士英语100分英语翻译基础150分汉语写作与百科知识150分复试时间一般在3月中下旬。
复试实行差额复试，择优录取。
复试形式分为笔试和面试（主要考查翻译能力及专业准备，面试时的工作语言为英语）。
考生的外语听力考试在复试中进行，并计入复试总成绩。
2017/35019112016/30515152015/3301020二、2017年录取名单北京大学外国语学院2017年接收英语笔译专业免试推荐研究生初取名单姓名复试成绩专业1周一帆91.2英语笔译2谢万容87.6英语笔译3陈尚敏86.8英语笔译4孙一冰86.6英语笔译5李晟泽85.2英语笔译6程芷薇83.8英语笔译7路妍桢82.8英语笔译8刘洋82英语笔译9房一品81.6英语笔译10张艾嘉81英语笔译11王瑞79.6英语笔译二．育明考研考博辅导中心孙老师解析：关于北京大学翻译硕士英语笔译2017年的招生信息最新总结：1，北京大学2017年英语笔译复试分数线350，历史最高。
很多同学单科线不过，导致无缘复试。
北大是自主划线的，根据学生的考试情况和招生人数决定。
翻译硕士现在报考和招生的人数都在增加，高分也越来越多，17年的分数线比前几年都高，也说明了这个问题。
所以18年的考生要提早准备。
2，北京大学英语笔译招生人数30人，推免生17年有原来的20变到现在的11人，统招19人，具体人数要根据总人数和推免人数决定。
3，北京大学英语笔译的学费这几年一直增加，后来增加到两年8万，但是鉴于同学们反映强烈，北大现在适当的调整到2年5万元，所以这些不是同学考研的重要因素的，育明教育孙老师希望大家根据正确的方向认真备考。
4，北京大学英语笔译参考书真题都不公布，很多考生觉得无从下手，但是没有参考书并不能阻碍什么。
考研，非参加知识竞赛，背书即可。
2018年北京大学(北大)翻硕英语(英语笔译)考研真题
北京大学英语笔译MTI考研信息整理北京大学英语笔译考研参考书、招生人数、历年分数线、报录比、复试信息1.招生人数（北大英语MTI只有英语笔译方向）2015年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生30人，接受推免人数15~20人；实际招生人数为：18人（2人为港澳台学生）接受推免人数：12人；2016年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生30人，接受推免人数15人；实际招生人数为：18人（1人为港澳台学生）接受推免人数：12人；2017年计划招生：055101英语笔译拟招收：30推免：13★（少推免2人）宋宋注：北大这两年属于扩招的形式，统考的人数增加，推免人数相应的减少。
学制：两年北大翻硕学费：2016年：5万/两年；2015年：8万/两年；★前几年北大翻硕的学费相比同类院校收费要高，16年进行了调整，降至5万。
2.初试考试科目：1、101思想政治理论（100分）2、211翻译硕士英语（100分）3、357英语翻译基础（150分）4、448汉语写作与百科知识（150分）★★★育明宋老师解析：北大英语MTI只有笔译一个方向，初试除了思想政治理论是全国统一试卷，剩下的三门专业课，都是北大自主出题，出题的整体方向都偏文学性，特别指出的是，北大英语MTI 和日语的MTI的专业课汉语写作与百科知识，考的是同一张试卷，分为基础知识（100分）和专业知识（50分）两部分，满分150分.3.初试题型分析：一、初试题型1、翻译硕士英语：单选、阅读理解、写作（个别院校会有完型和改错）；北大的题型会有一些不同，在原有的基础上加入了排序题，排序题相对来说会有一定的难度。
2、英语翻译基础：本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和外汉互译，总分150分；词语翻译30分（英译汉、汉译英）：15个外文术语及15个中文术语、缩略语或专有名词；段落翻译120分（英译汉、汉译英）：两端段或是文章，250-350个单词或者150-250个汉字；3、汉语写作与百科知识：本考试包括二个部分：百科知识和汉语写作，总分150分；百科知识50分：名词解释或者是选择填空25个；汉语写作100分：可分为大作文和小作文的写作，大作文（60分）体裁可以是说明文、议论文或应用文；小作文（40分）的写作一般是通知类、说明类、倡议书、会议通知、商务信函等。
英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析
英语翻译二级笔译实务真题2018年5月及答案解析(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题At one of the better colleges in India´s capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. "If even half show up, there aren´t enough chairs," said Amin, a history professor there. "There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?"The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of $22,000 a year - less than half of what some of her better students will make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India´s colleges and universities.All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of PhD´s, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The report´s authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.Experts say this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country´s higher education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India´s education dream remains just that.Mr. Balakrishnan of Indian institute of technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities - about twice the current figure - by the end of this decade. "Tangible changes are happening," he said. "The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education."_____________下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a de cade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh. The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses.When their shifts are o ver, they study finance, English and accounting.“ The establishment offive private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia.Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions.A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun. There was no master plan for work and study life. It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth; and the freedom of time provided for the rhythm of the peak season.After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms. Chan and others say. University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they don’t like so mething, they speak out.” Ms. Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, Siem Reap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism._____________ 上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following two passages into English.Part A Compulsory Translation第3题2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。
北京大学CAT英语翻译历年试卷
北京大学CAT英语翻译历年试卷北京大学计算机辅助翻译历年试卷（根据网络部分流出正版和网络回忆版整理汇总）目录2010专业科目一：翻译 (4)一、名词中译英（共15个，共15分） (4)二、名词英译中（共15个，共15分） (4)三、英译中文章（60分） (4)四、中译英文章（60分） (5)2011专业科目一：翻译 (6)一、词语翻译 (6)英译汉 (6)汉译英 (6)二、语篇翻译 (7)汉译英： (7)英译汉 (7)2012专业科目一：翻译 (9)一、词组翻译（12分） (9)中英 (9)英中 (9)二、文章翻译 (9)汉译英（18分） (9)英译汉（25分） (9)四、汉译英（25分） (11)六、英译汉（35分） (12)2013专业科目一：翻译 (15)一、词汇中译英10个选5个，5分 (15)二、词汇中译英10个选5个，5分 (15)三、英译中两篇20分 (15)中译英25分 (15)英译中 (15)四、给了段1000多字的文章 50分 (15)2附：2013北京大学MTI试卷真题 (17)I. Directions: (17)II. Directions: (18)2014 专业科目一：翻译 (19)一、翻译 (19)两道中翻英（50分） (19)两道英翻中（50分） (19)二、编译或缩译 (20)2015专业科目一：翻译 (25)一、英译汉 (25)二、汉译英： (25)三、编译： (26)2016专业科目一：翻译 (28)一、第一部分，英译汉 (28)二、第二部分汉译英（回忆版） (29)三、第三部分 (29)2017专业科目一：翻译 (31)一、编译题回忆： (31)32010专业科目一：翻译一、名词中译英（共15个，共15分）驾驶超速，Speeding或over speed新华社，Xinhua News Agency洛杉矶时报，LA Times/Los Angeles Times艾滋病毒，HIV, AIDS Virus田径项目，track and field events经济危机，Economic Crisis工程学士，Bachelor of Engineering爵士摇滚乐，jazz-rock应用语言学，Applied linguistics圣经旧约，Old Testament二、名词英译中（共15个，共15分）Briefing, 简报CBS, 哥伦比亚广播公司Federal Reserve Bank, （美国）联邦储备银行Plastic surgery, 整形外科Refreshment break, 茶歇、会议间歇CPU, 中央处理器HDTV, 高清电视Attorney general, 首席检察官三、英译中文章（60分）节选的一篇论贫穷的文章4四、中译英文章（60分）苏轼《论贫士》俗传书生入官库，见钱不识。
2018年考研北京大学计算机辅助翻译专业真题回忆
2篇英译汉，22篇汉译英，最后一个编译题（50分）。
英汉互译忘了具体多少了，大概55开。
英译汉第一个（20分）：讲的是：地理环境对发音的影响。
不难，第二个（25分）：特朗普拉拢选民的事情，具体没搞懂，瞎翻的（之前根本没准备过政治类的翻译，打脸了，，）汉译英是出的一篇文章，节选的句子和小段落的翻译。
汉译英第一个（25分）：地理气候的寒冷或者干燥对居民发音的影响？记不清了，感觉跟英译汉第一个混了。
第二个（30分）：最后写的这个题目。
将的是人工智能（机器翻译）对翻译行业的影响。
得出的结论是：机器翻译不会替代人工，但是会摧毁这个行业。
考的是这个专业，做到这样的题目。
感觉很讽刺。
最后一篇摘译题：讲述的是有关阿里巴巴的事情。
题目要求：不能顺序摘译原文，要命题，写作文，有自己的论点论据。
论据必须使用原文的内容。
字数400-600.多了或者少了都要扣分，，总共有3篇文章。
总的来说，题目不是很难，自己理一理思路，写出来一篇文章不是很难的。
第一篇：讲述的是阿里巴巴的在数据信息方面的优势。
既有淘宝天猫的海量用户数据，又有线下的商超和打车？的数据。
这让阿里很有竞争优势。
而且阿里的创新精神代表国家的创新驱动的战略，得到国家的支持。
海外国家的类似的公司却不能这样得到海量的私人数据信息，对阿里羡慕嫉妒恨。
第二篇：讲述的是印度电商PayTM的创始人XXX出生在一个距离新德里一百多公里的偏僻农村，上的大学是印度理工学院？，然后偶然间接触到马爸爸，然后自己思考可以借鉴阿里巴巴在中国的成功，吧这种模式搬到印度去。
结果拿到了阿里的投资，然后就不拉不拉，，，称为印度比较领先的电商公司。
后面没有资金了还是找的马爸爸来融资的，并表示，当今移动互联网的时代，不用像以往一样，看西方国家的先进之处，而是要看东方，看中国。
第三篇：讲述的是阿里投资东南亚某电商公司的情况。
阿里是其最大的股东。
并且增持了后者的股票。
从50+%增持到90+%。
该公司在东南亚市场很有竞争力，在投入运营的6个东南亚国家中，其中有5个国家都是最主要的竞争者。
2018考研英语(一)真题及答案解析
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition 1many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were readyto lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?〞before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!〞Each subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, onlyfive of the 30 children paired with the “20〞tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] attention [D] interest3. [A] benefit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] Instead [D] Again5. [A]Until [B] Unless [C] Although [D] When6. [A] selects [B] produces [C] applies [D] maintains7. [A] consult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare8. [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]to9. [A] context [B] mood [C] period [D] circle10.[A] counterparts [B] substitutes [C] colleagues [D]supporters11.[A] Funny [B] Lucky [C] Odd [D] Ironic12.[A] monitor [B] protect [C] surprise [D] delight13.[A] between [B] within [C] toward [D] over14.[A] transferred [B] added [C] introduced [D] entrusted15.[A] out [B] back [C] around [D] inside16.[A] discovered [B] proved [C] insisted [D] .remembered17.[A] betrayed [B]wronged [C] fooled [D] mocked18.[A] forced [B] willing [C] hesitant [D] entitled19.[A] In contrast [B] As a result [C] On the whole [D] For instance20.[A] inflexible [B] incapable [C] unreliable [D] unsuitableSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industrial Revolution didn't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drastic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways tocombine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual reality haven't been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap between capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce inequality.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indispensable.21.Who will be most threatened by automation?[A] Leading politicians.[B]Low-wage laborers.[C]Robot owners.[D]Middle-class workers.22 .Which of the following best represent the author’s view?[A] Worries about automation are in fact groundless.[B]Optimists' opinions on new tech find little support.[C]Issues arising from automation need to be tackled[D]Negative consequences of new tech can be avoidedcation in the age of automation should put more emphasis on[A] creative potential.[B]job-hunting skills.[C]individual needs.[D]cooperative spirit.24.The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at[A] encouraging the development of automation.[B]increasing the return on capital investment.[C]easing the hostility between rich and poor.[D]preventing the income gap from widening.25.In this text, the author presents a problem with[A] opposing views on it.[B]possible solutions to it.[C]its alarming impacts.[D]its major variations.Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other so urce, Not a president’s social media platform.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separatingfact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 foun d they use “distributed trust〞 to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,〞 the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reli ance on social media led to greater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,〞 more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a th ird say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news〞 via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility incounteracting this problem,〞 says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.26. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on[A] the justification of the news-filtering practice.[B] people’s preference for social media platforms.[C] the administrations ability to handle information.[D] social media was a reliable source of news.27. The phrase “beer up〞(Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to[A] sharpen[B] define[C] boast[D] share28. According to the knight foundation survey, young people[A] tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace.[B] verify news by referring to diverse resources.[C] have s strong sense of responsibility.[D] like to exchange views on “distributed trust〞29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is[A] readers outdated values.[B] journalists’ biased reporting[C] readers’ misinterpretation[D] journalists’ made-up stories.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B] A Counteraction Against the Over-tweeting Trend[C] The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.[D] The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests.Text 3Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between Britain's National Health Service (NHS) and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind is one of the leading artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It Is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectations of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements- and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been cleaned. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it “controlled〞 the data and DeepMind merely “processed" it. But this distinction misse s the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that ourlives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. Thedata of an individual there gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham's report is a welcome start.31.Wha is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?[A] It caused conflicts among tech giants.[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient’s rights.[C] It fell short of the latter's expectations[D] It put both sides into a dangerous situation.32. The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with[A] empty promises.[B] tough resistance.[C] necessary adjustments.[D] sincere apologies.33.The author argues in Paragraph 2 that[A] privacy protection must be secured at all costs.[B] leaking patients' data is worse than selling it.[C] making profits from patients' data is illegal.[D] the value of data comes from the processing of it34.According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.[B] the ineffective enforcement of privacy law.[C] the uncontrolled use of new software.[D] the monopoly of big data by tech giants.35.The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare is[A] ambiguous.[B] cautious.[C] appreciative.[D] contemptuous.Text 4The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue.Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved---Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users—has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate – where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There’s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s cos ts. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.36.The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by[A]. its unbalanced budget.[B] .its rigid management.[C] .the cost for technical upgrading.[D]. the withdrawal of bank support.37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to[A]. the interference from interest groups.[B] .the inadequate funding from Congress.[C] .the shrinking demand for postal service.[D] .the incompetence of postal unions.38.The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by[A] .removing its burden of retiree health care.[B] .making more investment in new vehicles.[C] .adopting a new rate-increase mechanism.[D]. attracting more first-class mail users.39.In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with[A] respect.[B] tolerance.[C] discontent.[D] gratitude.40.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] .The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B] .The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese[C] .The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure[D] .The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-AidPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you arerequired to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A. In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepareplans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side ofthe White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.B. Completed in 1875, the State Department's south wing was the first to be occupied,with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.C. The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation's foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarterof the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power.The building has housed some of the nation's most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.D. Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB's granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. WinstonChurchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.E. The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in boththe national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one ofthe best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.F. Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOBwas finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.G. The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of theexisting Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Shakespeare’s life time was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama. By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. Court, school organizations of amateurs, and thetraveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment;and (47) no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.When Shakespeare was twelve years old, the first public playhouse was built in London. For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage. Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul’s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as well as at court.(48)but the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literature ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood. By the time Shakespeare was twenty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Greene had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the common stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides. (49)A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.The development of the Elizabethan drama for the next twenty-five years is of exceptional interest to students of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. We are amazed today at the mere number of plays produced, as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousand inhabitants.(50)To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions：Write an email to all international experts on campus inviting them to attend the graduation ceremony. In your email you should include time, place and other relevant information about the ceremony.You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSEWER SHEETDo not use your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming〞 instead. (10 points) Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should1)describe the picture briefly2)interpret the meaning, and3)give your comments.Write your answer neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解注意：英语试卷为花卷，以答案容进展核对Section I Use of English1、【答案】[B] for【解析】此处考察介词的用法。
2018考研英语一真题(完整版)
2018考研英语一真题(完整版)[英文版]2018 National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate English (Complete Version)IntroductionThe National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate, commonly known as the "kao yan," is a highly competitive examination in China. The English section of the exam is divided into two parts: English I and English II. In this article, we will focus on the English I section and analyze the 2018 English I exam in detail.Section 1: Listening ComprehensionThe first section of the 2018 English I exam was the listening comprehension section. This section aims to test the candidates' ability to understand spoken English. It consisted of four parts, with a total of 25 questions. Each question was played twice, allowing candidates to listen carefully and answer accurately.Section 2: Reading ComprehensionThe second section of the 2018 English I exam was the reading comprehension section. This section aimed to assess candidates' reading skills and understanding of written English. It consisted of five reading passages, with a total of 15 questions. The passages covered a wide range of topics, including science, history, and society.Section 3: TranslationThe third section of the 2018 English I exam was the translation section. This section required candidates to translate sentences from Chinese to English. It tested their ability to accurately convey the meaning of the original sentences while maintaining grammatical and linguistic accuracy.Section 4: WritingThe final section of the 2018 English I exam was the writing section. Candidates were given a topic and required to write an essay within a given time limit. The topic of the 2018 exam was "The impact of social media on society." This section aimed to evaluate candidates' ability to express their ideas clearly and coherently in written English.ConclusionThe 2018 National Entrance Examination for Postgraduate English I section tested candidates' listening comprehension, reading comprehension, translation, and writing skills. It challenged their English proficiency and ability to think critically and express themselves effectively in the language. The exam served as an important milestone for those aspiring to pursue further studies in China, reflecting the increasing importance of English as a global language.As a candidate preparing for the exam, it is crucial to familiarize yourself with the format and content of the English I section to improve your performance and maximize your chances of success. Additionally, continuous practice and exposure to English materials can greatly enhance your language skills and overall ability to excel in the exam.。
2018年考研英语(一)翻译真题、参考译文和解析
2018年考研英语（一）翻译真题、参考译文和解析注：考研真题中的考题句子用高亮标出。
其他难句用圆圈号码标出，如①。
翻译技巧用红字标出。
Para.1Shakespeare’s lifetime was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity andachievement in①These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. ②Court, school, organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in主要由有识之士编写、业余演员表演；但在英格兰，就像在其他西欧国家一样，职业演员阶层的崛起预示着戏剧将要变得大众化，不管它是新式戏剧还是旧式戏剧，古典戏剧还是中世纪戏剧，文学剧还是滑稽剧。
宫廷、学校、业余组织及游【考点句子46】(46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.试译：他出生时，欧洲正见证着宗教剧的衰落和新型戏剧的兴起，新型戏剧的兴起是受了古典悲剧和喜剧的启发。
2018年考研真题英语一阅读逐句翻译1-2
阅读1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?中产阶级需要面对众多挑战，其中有一项挑战在下一次总统竞选中可能并不会被提及，那就是当机器人可以胜任中产阶级的工作时，会发生什么。
Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.不要完全忽略这种可能性。
根据牛津大学的一项研究，随着中产阶级被过度压榨，美国约有一半的工作岗位将面临着自动化的危险处境。
低收入岗位比如园艺和日间看护不足以吸引机器人。
但是许多中产阶级的工作岗位比如运输业、经济咨询、软件开发等行业已经或将引起它们的兴趣。
2018年考研真题英语一阅读逐句翻译1-2
阅读1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?中产阶级需要面对众多挑战，其中有一项挑战在下一次总统竞选中可能并不会被提及，那就是当机器人可以胜任中产阶级的工作时，会发生什么。
Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.不要完全忽略这种可能性。
根据牛津大学的一项研究，随着中产阶级被过度压榨，美国约有一半的工作岗位将面临着自动化的危险处境。
低收入岗位比如园艺和日间看护不足以吸引机器人。
但是许多中产阶级的工作岗位比如运输业、经济咨询、软件开发等行业已经或将引起它们的兴趣。
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2018北京大学翻硕真题解析一、北京大学翻译硕士2015年和2017年招生人数汇总表二、北京大学翻译硕士三年分数线育明老师根据历年的分数线得出，往年的分数线都是330-340左右，但是看到16年的分数线只有305分，可以说是历史最低分，北大是自主划线学校之一，可以根据考生的报考人数、招生人数和当年学生的整体素质等自己划定分数线，16年分数线低一是因为考试题型发生了调整变化，二是北大老师给分相对较低。
对于2017年备考的考生不能以2016年做为标准，还是要以一个正常的分数330—350准备.北大毕竟是名校每年报考的人数都在递增，竞争性还是比较大的，有北大情结的考生要认真准备.特别是对于跨考的学生来说，得做好心理准备或者是要有足够的定力去坚持到底。
（查看完整版请联系育明教育马老师扣扣三零二夭扒夭扒伍扒玖）三、复试流程复试时间一般在 3 月下旬，具体说明如下：1、考生的报考资格将在复试阶段进行审查。
2、参加复试考生的初试成绩应达到复试分数线。
3、考生的外语听力考试在复试中进行。
各院系要结合招生专业特点，对考生的外语水 3 / 5 平进行整体测试并给出外国语听力及口语测试成绩，计入考生复试总成绩。
4、复试采取笔试、面试或两者相兼的方式进行，以进一步考察学生的专业基础、综合分析能力、解决实际问题的能力和动手能力等。
5、复试实行差额复试，差额比例一般不低于 120%。
具体差额复试比例和初试、复试成绩所占权重由各院系根据本学科、专业特点及生源状况在复试前确定。
6、复试成绩不及格者不予录取。
复试成绩及格者能否录取，以考生的总成绩排名为准。
总成绩包括两部分，即初试成绩和复试成绩。
复试成绩占总成绩的权重一般在 30%至 50% 的范围内。
7、参加初试并获得复试资格的考生，应在复试前到北大研究生院网页下载相关表格，在规定时间提供可以证明自身研究潜能的各种材料，包括攻读硕士学位阶段的研究计划、毕业学校正式成绩单、科研成果等。
参加复试考生需缴纳复试费，复试费标准按北京教育考试院相关规定执行。
四、报考北大推荐参考书目：1-《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。
2-《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著， 2002年，外语教学与研究出版社。
3-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著， 2001年，清华大学出版社。
4-《非文学翻译理论与实践》罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。
5-《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。
6-《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。
7-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社。
8-《全国翻译硕士考研真题解析》天津科技翻译出版社。
五、复试录取1、我校本着德、智、体全面衡量、择优录取、保证质量、宁缺毋滥的精神和公开、公平、公正的原则，进行硕士研究生招生的复试及录取工作。
2、我校各院系内各招生专业名额可根据生源情况，在符合研究生院相关规定的前提下相互调剂。
3、未被我校拟录取的硕士考生，若自愿调剂到北京大学以外其他研究生招生单位，应达到《全国初试成绩基本要求》并按教育部的有关规定办理调剂。
4、自 2013 年起，我校不再向调剂目标单位提供自命题科目试卷等相关材料。
5、对于录取的硕士研究生，院系在新生报到当日核查其学历、学位证书原件，无学历证书者不予报到注册。
六、英语翻译基础：都是很基本的如团体操、恐怖电影等（真题回忆非常详细），日常积累很重要；段落翻译也不难，但是翻译出彩很困难，需要很多的练习积累。
平日里练习翻译一定要反思总结，不要说翻译完了，修改完了就结束了，最好准备一个本子，写写翻译心得（比如英译汉可以翻译成四字成语啊这类的），积累翻译句型等，总之，一定要让练习的这些翻译能让自己真正有所提高，让所有的练笔都能提取出自己的一套翻译理论。
推荐所用书籍：育明教育总结的词条翻译、chinadaily新词翻译、自己总结的各学校2014年mti所有词条翻译、北大词条翻译历年真题；《张培基英译散文选》、叶子南和庄绎传那两本书，还有各学校真题翻译等（其实，练哪本书都不重要，别想碰到原题，重要的是能在练习中发现和总结）七、汉语写作与百科知识：这一门多在于平时积累和积淀，我平时没有刻意准备过，但是分很高，本宝将自己的经验分享给大家：1. 字要写好，时间很充足，所以尽量把字写得好一些，绝对对提高分数要帮助；2. 要有条理，比如解释一个词条时，可以先总说，再展开详细说，最后如果有必要再总结一下；3.尽量多写，知道的，相关的，可以都写上去。
举个栗子（小栗旬的栗子）：曹雪芹：曹雪芹是清朝著名的小说家，著有《红楼梦》一书（基本上大家都会写这句，写完这句也太短了吧，所以要扩充一下）+《红楼梦》同《西游记》《三国演义》《水浒传》并成为中国古代四大名著（你看，字数是不是又多了，我还想再写点，那么就再编点）+《红楼梦》一书中，曹雪芹以细腻的笔触刻画了多个性格鲜明，形象突出的人物，给读者留下深刻的印象等等（其实都是套话）。
这样一来，你的词条内容就很丰富了，老师一定会觉得你懂得很多！恩！话说回来，编也要靠谱地编，不要没头没脑写很多，这样会很浪费时间。
推荐所用书籍：育明教育总结的百科词条，北大上届学长总结的基本书的百科名词（学长花一个月总结的，里面真的有蛮多考到的内容，虽然我也没怎么看）其实百科这个东西，不用死记硬背，知道一点，编一点，字好一点，分不会很低的。
翻硕英语：2015年题型发生了变化，变成了完型1+阅读4+排序1+作文更侧重了对阅读理解和逻辑思维能力的考察，所以在准备时，一定要加大自己的阅读量，和做题的准确度，因为3个小时完成这一上内容完全没有问题，所以不需要考虑做题阅读速度（不像专八T T），完型阅读都不难，最难的是排序题，每个选项大概有五行，给出一个选项的位置，其他需要自己根据文章内容和内在逻辑判断其他选项的内容，这一部分需要大家有针对性的练习，比如找一段文章，自行打乱起顺序，看自己是否能以正确的顺序排列。
八、政治：可以用肖秀荣或者蒋中挺全套，复习中做的多差都不要惊慌，这只是练习而已，错的越多，在考场上失误的几率越小，心态一定要调整好；大题不用过早准备，肖四背好，平常做选择题时经常在选项中出现的固定说法一定要熟，可以放在主观题中凑数。
考试时，客观题绝对不会碰到原题，而主观题碰到原题的几率也很小，但是大题的套路是一致的，比如“依法治国、党的领导云云”；最后把字写好是关键，所以本宝建议考研党儿们平时可以多练练字的呢。
九、百科知识1.根据宪法和组织法的规定，下列有权制定地方性法规的机关是（）。
A.北京市海淀区人民代表大会B.天津市人民政府C.中共重庆市委D.石家庄市人民代表大会【解析】根据《屮华人民共知国立法法》第六十三条的规定，省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会及其常务委员会，省、自治区人民政府所在地的市，经济特区所在地的市和经国务院批准的较大的市的人民代表大会及其常务委员会可以制定地方性法规。
A 项，北京市海淀区人民代表大会不是北京市人大，不属于有权制定地方性法规的范围；BC 两项，有权制定地方性法规的必须是人民代表大会及其常务委员会，天津市人民政府和中共重庆市委无权制定地方性法规；D项，石家庄市人民代表大会属于省人民政府所在地的市人大，有权制定地方性法规。
（查看完整版请联系育明教育马老师扣扣三零二夭扒夭扒伍扒玖）2. 下列由全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使职权的是（）。
A.修改宪法B.选举中华人民共和国主席、副主席C.制定和修改刑事、民事、国家机构的和其他的基本法律D.解释宪法和监督宪法实施【解析】根据《宪法》第六十二条规定，全国人民代表大会有权修改宪法；制定和修改刑事、民事、国家机构的和其他的基本法律；选举中华人民共和国主席、副主席。
根据《宪法》第六十七条规定，全国人民代表大会常务委员会有权解释宪法，监督宪法的实施。
3. 我国国务院各部、委的设立、撤销或合并，其决定权在于（）。
A.全国人民代表大会B•国务院总理C.国家主席D.国务院全体会议【解析】《国务院组织法》第八条规定，国务院各部、各委员会的设立、.撤销或者合并.，经总理提出，由全国人民代表大会决定；在全国人民代表大会闭会期间，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定。
4.根据宪法和组织法规定，有权向全国人大提出宪法修正案的主体有（）。
A.中国共产党B. &以上的全国人大代表联名C.全国人大常委会D. 3 个以上的代表团联名【解析】《宪法》第六十四条规定，宪法的修改，由全国人民代表大会常务委员会或者五分之一以上的全国人民代表大会代表提议，并由全国人民代表大会以全体代表的三分之二以上的多数通过。
5.2003 年 1 月 1 日^生效的《中华人民共和国政府采购法》所建立的政府采购制度的核心特点是（）。
A.有偿采购C.分散采购D.灵活采购【解析】竞争性招标采购是《政府采购法》所建立的政府采购制度的核心特点，拥有一套完整统一的程序，由招标、投标、开标、评标、合同授与等阶段组成。
6.2003 年 5 月 7 H 国务院第 7 次常务会议通过、公布，并于公布之日施行了<突发公共卫生事件应急条例》。
该条例中规定，（）地方人民政府应建立和完善突发事件监测与预警系统。
A.省级以上B.市级以上C.县级以上D.乡级以上【解析】《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》第十四条规定，国家建立统一的突发事件预防控制体系。
县级以上地方人民政府应当建立和完善突发事件监测与预警系统。
县级以上各级人民政府卫生行政主管部门，应当指定机构负责开展突发事件的日常监测，并确保监测与预警系统的正常运行。
.7. 我国国家最高监督权的行使机构是（）。
A.最髙人民法院B•最高人民检察院C.全国人民代表大会 D•中共中央纪律检査委员会【解析】《宪法》第三条规定，中华人民共和国的国家机构实行民主集中制的原则。
全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都由民主选举产生，对人民负责，受人民监督。
国家行政机关、审判机关、检察机关都由人民代表大会产生，对它负责，受它监督。
因此，我国国家最高监督权的行使机构是全国人民代表大会，有权监督其他国家机关。
8. 在我国，“公民”一词的含义是指（）。
A.年满 18 周岁具有我国国籍的人B.具有我国国籍的人C.享有政治权利的人D.出生在我国的人【解析】公民指具有一国国籍，并根据该国法律规定享有权利和承担义务的自然人。
我国宪法规定，凡具有中华人民共和国国籍的人都是我国的公民。
9.下列行为中，没有违反《中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法》的是（）。
A.某单位辞退了怀孕的小李B.某单位招收了一位年满 17 周岁的未成年女工C.由于家庭生活困难，老王让自己正在上小学的女儿綴学回家千活D.某公司未经王女士同意，以营利为目的，将其肖像印发在广告画上【解析】《妇女权益保障法》第二十三条规定，各单位在录用职工时，除不适合妇女的工种或者岗位外，不得以性别为由拒绝录用妇女或者提高对妇女的录用标准。