三维地质构造建模

关 键 词：构造建模；三维可视化；无缝融合；体渲染；网格变形 研究类型：应用研究
Subject
: 3Dห้องสมุดไป่ตู้Geologic Structure Modeling
Specialty : Computer Solfware & Theory Name : Di Xiaoru (Signature) (Signature) _ _
This paper mainly comprises parts as following:
(1) The paper researches on the fault modeling and stratigraphic modeling with fault. By using advanced corner-point grids technology to bind fault in corner-point, and describing fault distribution with deformed quadrilateral mesh, it greatly simplifies data management, and provides a higher quality of spatial information for the reservoir property modeling in the future. (2) The paper applies spatial interpolation method to mesh deformation, so as to generate gradient corner point grids which have adsorption effect to fault data, and avoid the slow iteration calculation and unreasonable deformation result by using partial differential equations method. (3) The paper discusses the relevant principles and implementation method of the advanced 3D rendering. It has achieved seamless integration between contours and layer by using an improved pre-rendering texture technology based on views with high-level shading language(GLSL). It also discusses the volume rendering theory based on ray-casting algorithm, implements both standard and lighting volume rendering with hardware-acceleration, which is much more convenient for the users to observe global data information in real-time. (4) The paper discusses the theory of 3D interaction. After researching on the theory of scenarios roaming, the ray intersection testing method to pick surface and line objects, the paper then gives implementation methods. It realizes flexible 3D real-time editing by using the method of user- defined deformation function.
论文题目: 三维地质构造建模 专 业: 计算机软件与理论 (签名) (签名)
硕 士 生: 狄效儒 指导教师: 张群会
摘
要
本文研究了油藏三维地质构造建模中的一些关键技术。 论文以角点网作为基本数据 结构，论述了三维可视化、带断层的交互式三维地质建模软件开发的设计方案。 本文的主要工作有： (1) 研究了断层建模及带断层的地层建模方法；采用先进的角点网格技术实现了断 层绑定，用变形的四边形网格描述断层展布，极大的简化了数据管理，为后期油藏属性 建模提供了更高质量的空间信息。 (2) 本文将空间插值算法，用于网格均匀变形技术中，实现了角点网格的断层吸附 与均匀变形效果，避免了使用偏微分方程迭代计算速度慢、变形不合理的问题。 (3) 论述了三维高级渲染相关原理与实现方法。本文采用改进的基于视点的预渲染 技术，使用着色语言(GLSL)，使得等值线等矢量数据与面数据无缝融合。研究了基于光 线投射算法的基本原理，实现了硬件加速的标准体绘制、光照体绘制，方便用户实时观 测数据的全局信息。 (4) 论述了三维交互的相关理论。本文研究了场景漫游、相交测试方法拾取面、线 对象的原理， 并给出了实现方法。 使用自定义变形函数方法， 实现了三维实时编辑功能。
Key words: Structural Modeling; 3D Visual; Seamless Integration; Volume Rendering;
Mesh Deformation
Thesis
: Application Research
目
录
目
录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 选题的依据和研究意义 .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外地质建模的研究及行业软件现状 ...................................................................... 1 1.2.1 数据结构概述 ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 油藏地质建模软件概述 ........................................................................................... 3 1.3 本课题研究路线与章节安排 .......................................................................................... 6 2 基于角点网模型的建模系统方案 ........................................................................................ 8 2.1 引言 .................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 基于角点网模型建模的实现方法 .................................................................................. 8 2.2.1 创建断层模型 ........................................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 断层及曲面的求交算法 ......................................................................................... 11 2.2.3 构造中、上、下面格架网格 ................................................................................. 13 2.2.4 层面重建 ................................................................................................................. 14 2.2.5 层面插入 ................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.6 层序建模 ................................................................................................................. 17 2.3 建模系统软件设计方案 ................................................................................................ 18 2.3.1 插件式系统设计 ..................................................................................................... 18 2.3.2 三维可视化与交互引擎 ......................................................................................... 19 2.3.3 几何算法库 ............................................................................................................. 20 3 断层绑定与网格均匀变形技术 .......................................................................................... 25 3.1 角点网格的断层绑定 ................................................................................................ 25 3.1.1 初始化趋势线 ......................................................................................................... 26 3.1.2 断层绑定 ................................................................................................................. 26 3.2 基于空间插值的网格变形算法 .................................................................................... 27 3.2.1 最小曲率插值法 ..................................................................................................... 28 3.2.2 克里金插值法 ......................................................................................................... 29 3.2.3 反距离插值法 ......................................................................................................... 31 3.2.4 三角网插值法 ......................................................................................................... 31 3.2.5 插值方法的比较 ..................................................................................................... 33 4 建模系统的 3D 渲染技术 ................................................................................................... 34 4.1 矢量数据的渲染 ............................................................................................................ 34
Instructor : Zhang Qunhui
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses the key technology of 3D geological modeling software designing. Based on corner-point grids, the paper discusses the design of 3D visual & interactive geological modeling software with fault handing.