Plato介绍
柏拉图生平介绍
PLATO柏拉图生平介绍Plato, an excellent student of Socrates and a brilliant teacher of Aristotle, is one of the people I admire most. In general, Plato is famous for a great philosopher. In fact, he makes great achievements in many other fields, such as politics, education, economics and so on. The reason I admire him is not only because he is a well-rounded man, but also because his thoughts have great contemporary relevance in our society. I will introduce his several ideas and their important practical significances.Introduction of his lifePlato was born in a noble family and received a quite good education. When he was young, Plato was fond of literary creation, then, he found pleasure in “Eloquence” of Socrates and began to follow him until Socrates died, which was a turning point of Plato’s life. Because of Socrates’death, he was disappointed at the system of government. Plato began to travel to seek knowledge for twelve years, returned Athens when he was forty and established Academy, one of the earliest Western institutions of higher learning. When Plato was eighty years old, he died and was buried in Academy where he spent half of his life.Educational ideologyAcademy was one of his representative achievements in education. As for Plato’s method of teaching, he believed that every school should give first place to physical education in the first decade to make everyone strong so that the country could be powerful. However, studying sports alone would make students violent. As a result, he came up with the idea that music could not only solve this problem, but also make their souls rhythmic and harmonious. After sixteen years old, they would learn something abstract and rational. During this period, music could also play a role of conditioner in it. When students finished the basic learning, they were faced with two severe examinations. What was waiting for those who were lucky enough to have passed the exams was to learn life itself in the cruel real life. The people who survived became the strong in life.Nowadays, we should also pay more and more attention to physical education in our education system to improve students’ physical quality. Only in that way, can our country be truly powerful. In addition, for the situation of employment of college students that they are not competent for high positions and unwilling to accept low positions, Plato also told us that put your conceit away, lower your arrogant head, learn how to live in life down to earth. Lowering your head is not to give up the motivation, but to wait the moment to hold your head high. We should be neither humble nor pushy and keep calm and unhurried. We can learn that what we should do is to be modest to accumulate experience and assemble energy to wait for the outbreak.Idea of lovePlato was a handsome man, but he did not marry for a lifetime. It didn’t mean he regarded love as something useless. On the contrary, he emphasized the importance of love and held the opinion that love even could direct an honorable man’s behavior. His idea of love was called “Platonic Love”----spiritual love. Plato was strongly opposed to sensuality. He asserted that carnal desire is a kind of performance of brutish nature which was a part of human nature. The communication of spirit was beautiful and noble.Although I think the love Plato pursued is too romantic to be found in our real life and celibacy is a little excessive for normal people, the idea of his love does have its realistic significance, especially in this impetuous society. Too many people are disloyal to their love andhave affairs with other men or women, although it is not true love or even they just want to satisfy their sexual desire. What is worse, in order to meet carnal desire, many people commit crimes. To make matter worse, some children become victims of those crimes. we can come to the conclusion that sensuality, to some extend, makes the society lose harmony and peace. There should be more poetic and romantic life in pure love and spiritual communication is a solid foundation of love. Then, when you are old, happy memories will be your precious asset.Attitude to beautyFinally I want to talk about Plato’s attitude toward beauty. In his opinion, spiritual beauty outshone physical beauty, because with the passage of time, physical beauty would fade away, while spiritual beauty is eternal. The pursuer who attached importance to beauty of material were shallow and ignorant. Only the people who would be attracted by abstract beauty were the faithful believers of truth, kindness and beauty. If you want to get true beauty, you must strengthen self-discipline and pursue the distillation of spirit, as the good mentality and good habit of life would not descend from heaven.In modern society, more and more young people are inclined to have plastic surgery, even at the risk of their own lives. They just focus on the physical beauty, so spiritual beauty is gradually deserted. The whole society has been deceived by the false appearance of beauty. We really need to purify our thought to see through the false impression, to form good habit, achieve the beauty of our souls. Only in this way, can we live in a society full of truth, good and beauty.Plato has had a profound influence in both ancient times and modern society. I admire Plato, enjoy his mental temperament, appreciate his thought. Not only can he purify people’s souls, but also make people strong, wise and elegant. Besides, Plato’s thought is really conducive to a harmonious and peaceful society, so it is unquestionably necessary for people to know something about him and learn something from him to create an ideal society.You are the brightest star in the night air, the greatest hero in the long course of history. I admire you, Plato!。
柏拉图人物介绍 ppt课件
柏拉图（Plato，Πλτων， 约前427年－前347 年），古希腊伟大的 哲学家，也是全部西 方哲学乃至整个西方 文化最伟大的哲学家 和思想家之一，他和 老师苏格拉底，学生 亚里士多德并称为古 希腊三大哲学家。另 有其他概念包括：柏 拉图主义、柏拉图式 爱情、经济学图表等 含义。
公元前387年 40岁，回到雅典，开始个人讲学，或说此年 建立学园，此前后撰写对话：《普罗塔哥拉》、《美诺》、 《尤息德谟斯篇》。
公元前377年 50岁，中期著作：《理想国》、《会饮》、《斐 得若》、《费多》 公元前357年 70岁，放弃政治活动，全力著述，晚期著作有： 智者、政治家、斐里布、蒂迈欧篇。晚年最后的著作是：法律 篇，伊璧诺米篇续篇，刚开篇即去世。
唯心主义
柏拉图是西方客观唯心主义的创始 人，其哲学体系博大精深，对其教学思想影 响尤甚。柏拉图认为世界由“理念世界”和 “现象世界”所组成。理念的世界是真实的 存在，永恒不变，而人类感官所接触到的这 个现实的世界，只不过是理念世界的微弱的 影子，它由现象所组成，而每种现象是因时 空等因素而表现出暂时变动等特征。由此出 发，柏拉图提出了一种理念论和回忆说的认 识论，并将它作为其教学理论的哲学基础。
柏拉图认为，国家应当由哲学家来统治。柏拉图的理想国 中的公民划分为卫国者、士兵和普通人民三个阶级。卫国者是 少部分管理国家的精英。他们可以被继承，但是其他阶级的优 秀儿童也可以被培养成卫国者，而卫国者中的后代也有可能被 降到普通人民的阶级。卫国者的任务是监督法典的制定和执行 情况。为达到该目的柏拉图有一整套完整的理论。他的理想国 要求每一个人在社会上都有其特殊功能，以满足社会的整体需 要。但是在这个国家中，女人和男人有着同样的权利，存在着 完全的性平等。政府可以在为了公众利益时撒谎。每一个人应 该去做自己分内的事而不应该打扰到别人。在今天看来，柏拉 图描绘的理想国是一个可怕的极权主义国家。但是“理想国其 实是用正确的方式管理国家的科学家的观点”，柏拉图本人并 没有试图实现理想国中的国家机器。
柏拉图人物介绍
公元前427年柏拉图出生于一个较为富裕的贵族 家庭，他的父亲是阿里斯通（Ariston）、母亲是克里 提俄涅（Perictione），他在家中排行老四。他的家庭 宣称是古雅典国王的后代，他也是当时雅典知名的政 治家柯里西亚斯（Critias）的侄子，不过两人之间的 关系也仍有争议。依据后来第欧根尼·拉尔修的说法， 柏拉图的原名为亚里斯多克勒斯（Aristokles），后来 因为他强壮的身躯而被称为柏拉图（在希腊语中， Platus一词是“平坦、宽阔”等意思）。但第欧根尼也 提起了其他的说法，柏拉图这个名字也可能是来自他 流畅宽广（platutês）的口才、或因为他拥有宽广的前 额。由于柏拉图出色的学习能力和其他才华，古希腊
思想观点思想概述
柏拉图认为任何一种哲学要 能具有普遍性，必须包括一个关 于自然和宇宙的学说在内。柏拉 图试图掌握有关个人和大自然永 恒不变的真理，因此发展一种适 合并从属于他的政治见解和神学 见解的自然哲学。
思想观点思想概述
柏拉图认为，自然界中有形的东西是流动的， 但是构成这些有形物质的“形式”或“理念”却 是永恒不变的。柏拉图指出，当我们说到“马” 时，我们没有指任何一匹马，而是称任何一种马。 而“马”的含义本身独立于各种马（“有形 的”），它不存在于空间和时间中，因此是永恒 的。但是某一匹特定的、有形的、存在于感官世 界的马，却是“流动”的，会死亡，会腐烂。这 可以作为柏拉图的“理念论”的一个初步的解说。
意大利普拉托简介
意大利普拉托简介
普拉托（意大利语：Plato）是位于意大利北部皮埃蒙特大
区普拉托省的一个小镇，也是普拉托市的首府。
其市区面积为22.48平方公里，人口约有5.1万人。
普拉托建于公元前87年，原名阿迪杰亚，公元8世纪，为埃特鲁斯坎人的一部分。
16世纪中叶，那不勒斯王国和热那亚共和国合并为托斯卡
纳大公国后，普拉托成为该公国的首都。
19世纪末至20世纪初，普拉托为意大利和法国的军事要塞。
在第二次世界大战期间，这里曾是纳粹德国的军事重镇。
普拉托最著名的景点是位于市中心的埃特鲁斯坎大教堂（MosquediT orre），始建于公元1618年，是一座古罗马和哥
特式建筑相结合的宏伟建筑，有“欧洲最美的建筑”之称。
大教堂旁还有一个广场，广场中央矗立着一座巨大的青铜雕塑“人与狮子”（TuchodiManandtheThorn）。
埃特鲁斯坎人在这座城市里生活了几百年，他们用自己的勤劳和智慧建造了这座宏伟壮丽、富丽堂皇的城市。
—— 1 —1 —。
柏拉图是什么意思
柏拉图是什么意思柏拉图（Plato），全名亚里士多德柏拉图（Aristocles Plato），古希腊哲学家、数学家，被誉为西方哲学的创始人之一。
他是苏格拉底的学生，在苏格拉底的影响下，柏拉图发展了自己的哲学体系，并成立了著名的学派——柏拉图学派。
柏拉图的思想被视为哲学和理论的经典，对西方哲学产生了深远的影响。
柏拉图学派及其特点柏拉图学派是古希腊哲学的重要流派之一，它的核心思想是理念论。
柏拉图认为，世界上的一切事物都是理念的投影，理念是真实、永恒而不变的，而现实世界只是理念的影子。
人类应该通过理念的追求来提高自身，并追求真理和智慧。
在柏拉图的哲学体系中，他提出了“智者王”的理念，即只有智者才有能力统治和领导社会。
他认为智者具有智慧和正义，能够正确地引导人们走向真理和善良。
此外，柏拉图关注教育的重要性，他认为通过教育可以培养人们的德才并使他们更接近理念。
柏拉图对政治的影响柏拉图的政治思想对西方政治产生了深远的影响。
他的政治理念主要体现在他的著作《理想国》中。
在这部著作中，柏拉图构想了一个以智者为统治者的理想国家，提出了哲人统治的观念。
柏拉图认为智者具有超凡的理性和道德，他们能够从整体上考虑问题，并为人民谋求最大的幸福。
他反对民主形式的政府，认为普通人容易被欲望和情感所左右，无法作出理性的决策。
但他的政治思想并非独裁主义，他认为智者必须以善良和公正的原则来统治，以保障人民的权益和福祉。
柏拉图的教育观念柏拉图对教育的重视程度可见一斑。
他认为教育是培养人的品质和能力的重要手段，通过教育可以让人们逐渐接近理念世界。
柏拉图主张让儿童从小接受教育，通过不断学习和训练，培养其道德品质和智慧。
柏拉图提出了分级教育的理念，他认为教育应该根据个人的能力和素质进行差异化教学。
他主张让优秀的学生接受更高水平的教育，并将他们培养为领导者和智者。
他还提出了“哲人王”的概念，即将受过良好教育的智者培养为国家的领导者。
柏拉图的形而上学思想柏拉图的形而上学思想是他哲学体系的重要组成部分。
柏拉图简介
柏拉图简介柏拉图（Plato，Πλάτeων，公元前427年-公元前347年），出生于雅典，西方文化最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一，也是古希腊伟大的教育家、数学家，和苏格拉底，亚里士多德并称为希腊三贤。
他的著作大多以对话录形式纪录，同时受到许多作家和思想家的影响，如毕达哥拉斯所提出的“和谐”概念等。
柏拉图的原名为亚里斯多克勒斯（Aristocles），[1]亚里斯多克勒斯的意思是取名恰当的（well-named)，后来因为他强壮的身躯而被称为柏拉图（在希腊语中，Platus一词是“平坦、宽阔”等意思）。
后来，柏拉图的名字就被沿用下来。
柏拉图是著名的古希腊哲学家，他写下了许多著作，并且在雅典创办了著名的学院。
他是苏格拉底的学生，也是亚里士多德的老师，他们三人被广泛认为是西方哲学的奠基者。
如同许多古老的文献一样，柏拉图留下的文集残缺不全、存在许多争议。
他记载的苏格拉底对话录成为后人研究他们思想的主要来源，但许多内容记载的是柏拉图自己的看法，而不是苏格拉底的原意。
推测柏拉图出生的年份是在公元前427年五月七日或前428年的5月或12月(如同其他早期的西方哲学家，他的出生日期也依然未知) 。
柏拉图生于一个较为富裕的雅典奴隶主贵族家庭，宣称是古雅典国王的后代，他的父亲是阿里斯通(Ariston) 、母亲是伯里提俄涅(Perictione) ，他在家中排行老四。
他也是当时雅典知名的政治家克里提亚(Critias) 的侄子，不过两人之间的关系也仍有争议。
依据后来第欧根尼·拉尔修的说法，柏拉图的原名为亚里斯多克勒斯(Aristokles) ，后来因为他宽阔的肩膀而被称为柏拉图(在希腊语中，Platus一词是“平坦、宽阔”等意思) 。
但第欧根尼也提起了其他的说法，柏拉图这个名字也可能是来自他流畅宽广(platutês) 的口才、或因为他拥有宽广的前额。
由于柏拉图出色的学习能力和其他才华，古希腊人还称赞他为阿波罗之子，并称在柏拉图还是婴儿的时候曾有蜜蜂停留在他的嘴唇上，所以他口才如此甜蜜流畅。
plato英文介绍
The Theory of Forms (or Theory of Ideas) typically refers to the belief that the material world as it seems to us is not the real world, but only an "image" or "copy" of the real world. In some of Plato's dialogues, this is expressed by Socrates, who spoke of forms in formulating a solution to the problem of universals. The forms, according to Socrates, are archetypes or abstract representations of the many types of things, and properties we feel and see around us, that can only be perceived by reason (Greek: λογική). (That is, they are universals.) In other words, Socrates was able to recognize two worlds: the apparent world, which constantly changes, and an unchanging and unseen world of forms, which may be the cause of what is apparent.
Plato’s dialogues
柏拉图介绍
Achievements and Influence
1.创立柏拉图主义 2.创立柏拉图式爱情思想 影响： 柏拉图，从任何方面来说，是西方文学传统上最耀眼的作 家之一，也是哲学史上最有洞察力，广泛和影响力的作家 。 柏拉图与他的学生亚里士多德比起来，在西方得到更多的 尊重和注意。因为他的作品是西方文化的奠基文献。 柏拉图是客观唯心主义理念论哲学的创始人。他继承和发 展了苏格拉底的"概念"论和巴门尼德的存在论，建立了以 理念论为核心的哲学体系。
Background
柏拉图生于富裕的雅典贵族家 庭，自幼丧父，母亲改嫁，继 父是伯利克里的朋友。青年时 期从师苏格拉底。苏逝去后， 他游历四方，曾到埃及，小亚 细亚和意大利南部从事政治活 动，企图实现他的贵族政治理 想。公元387年，回到雅典，并 在雅典城外西北郊圣城阿卡德 米创立自己的学校（Academy)。 于是他将自己的思想传授给自 己的学生。此后执教40年，直 至去世。他一生著作颇丰，主 要思想都集中在《理想国》、 《法律篇》中。
Thoughts
1.哲学思想：唯心主义理念论 理念是世界的本质，现 实世界是理念的反应。 2.政治思想：（1）《理想国》 （论正义）理想国家构成、 最高统治者 （2）强调法治 《法律篇》（“第二等理 想国” 3.注重教育：创立雅典学院
理想国（政治学，伦理学，心理学，教育学，社会学，文艺学等）
在《理想国》(又称《国家篇》中 ，柏拉图描述的是自己的理想 国家的样子。他认为国家起源 于劳动分工，因而他将理想国 中的公民分为治国者、武士、 劳动者3个等级，分别代表智慧 、勇敢和欲望3种品性。治国者 依靠自己的哲学智慧和道德力 量统治国家；武士们辅助治国 ，用忠诚和勇敢保卫国家的安 全；劳动者则为全国提供物质 生活资料。柏拉图设计了一套 政治蓝图，既带有乌托邦的理 想色彩，又有阶级国家的痕迹 ，对于西方政治思想具有难以 估量的影响。
柏拉图..
柏拉图柏拉图（Plato，Πλατών，公元前427年—公元前347年），是古希腊伟大的哲学家、思想家、教育家、数学家，也是整个西方文化中最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。
他与老师苏格拉底、学生亚里士多德并称为“希腊三贤”。
以下是对柏拉图的详细介绍：一、生平背景•出生地与家庭：柏拉图于公元前427年5月7日出生在雅典附近的伊齐那岛，他的原名叫亚里斯多克勒斯（Aristokles）。
据说，他的体育老师见他体魄强健，前额宽阔，就把他叫做柏拉图，而在希腊文中“plato”的意思就是宽广。
柏拉图的父亲阿里斯通和母亲珀克里提俄涅都出自名门望族，他的家族与雅典的政治和文化精英有深厚的联系。
•教育背景：柏拉图在青年时期热衷于文艺创作，写过赞美酒神的颂诗和其他抒情诗，富有文学才能。
大约20岁时，他开始追随哲学家苏格拉底，直到苏格拉底被雅典当局处死为止，前后约有七八年时间。
这段时期对柏拉图的思想和学术发展产生了深远影响。
二、哲学思想•理念论：柏拉图是西方客观唯心主义的创始人，他提出了理念论，认为世界由“理念世界”和“现象世界”所组成。
理念的世界是真实的存在，永恒不变，而人类感官所接触到的这个现实的世界，只不过是理念世界的微弱的影子，它由现象所组成，而每种现象是因时空等因素而表现出暂时变动等特征。
•回忆说：柏拉图提出了一种回忆说的认识论，认为人在出生前已经获得了知识，只是在出生后因为受到肉体的束缚而忘记了。
通过学习和回忆，人可以重新获得这些知识。
•政治思想：在《理想国》中，柏拉图设计了一幅正义之邦的图景。
他认为国家起源于劳动分工，将理想国中的公民分为治国者、武士、劳动者三个等级，分别代表智慧、勇敢和欲望三种品性。
治国者依靠自己的哲学智慧和道德力量统治国家；武士们辅助治国，用忠诚和勇敢保卫国家的安全；劳动者则为全国提供物质生活资料。
三个等级各司其职，各安其位。
三、主要作品柏拉图的主要作品为对话录，其中绝大部分都有苏格拉底出场。
柏拉图是什么意思
柏拉图是什么意思柏拉图（Plato）是古希腊哲学家，也是苏格拉底的学生。
他是西方哲学史上最重要的思想家之一，对后世产生了广泛的影响。
柏拉图的思想体系和理论涉及众多领域，包括哲学、政治、道德、教育等等。
本文将深入探讨柏拉图的思想，探索他对哲学和人类思维的贡献。
柏拉图的生平柏拉图出生于公元前427年，出生地为古希腊雅典。
他的家族背景庄园主，环境优越。
年轻时，他原本意图成为一名政治家，但在苏格拉底的影响下转向了哲学。
苏格拉底的哲学方法对柏拉图产生了巨大的影响，并开启了他的学习之路。
柏拉图成为了苏格拉底的学生，并在其死后离开了雅典。
他开始了长达12年的旅行，其中访问了埃及、西西里岛等地。
这段旅行期间，柏拉图深入研究了数学、几何学、天文学等学科，并与各种文化和学问接触。
回到雅典后，柏拉图成立了一个学园，称为柏拉图学派。
这个学园成为了古希腊最重要的哲学学派之一，吸引了众多学生和追随者。
柏拉图在此期间教授了若干重要的学生，其中最有名的就是亚里士多德。
柏拉图于公元前347年去世，但他的思想和哲学影响力一直延续至今。
柏拉图的哲学思想理念与现实世界的关系柏拉图的哲学思想中最重要的一个方面是他对理念和现实世界之间关系的探索。
他认为，理念是真实的，而现实世界只是理念的投影。
柏拉图使用了著名的寓言，称现实世界是由一个黑暗洞穴构成的。
人类被困在这个洞穴中，只能看到洞穴里的阴影，而不了解真正的现实。
对于柏拉图来说，理念是完美的、不变的实体，而现实世界只是理念的不完美反映。
他认为人类的智力和认知能力应该被用于追求理念的真理，而不是被现实世界的幻象所欺骗。
理想国和政治理论柏拉图的哲学思想也深刻影响了他对理想国和政治的理解。
他认为，一个理想的国家应该由哲学家统治。
在他的著作《理想国》中，柏拉图描述了一个完美的国家模型，被称为“哲人王”。
根据柏拉图的观点，哲人王是受过良好教育和思想训练的统治者，他们能够看到理念的真相，以智慧和理性来统治国家。
第二讲 柏拉图
2）灵感表现是迷狂 三种迷狂：民间的迷狂术，像预言术；驱
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
除病灾的巫术，祷告人进入迷乱的状态； 诗神附体的迷狂。 诗神凭附到一个温柔贞洁的心灵，感发它， 引它到兴高采烈神飞色舞的境界，流露出 各种诗歌，赞颂古代英雄的丰功伟绩，垂 为后世的教训。…他的神智清醒的诗遇到 迷狂的诗就黯然无光了。 ----《文艺对话集》，第111页
※具体表现
1、在艺术本质的认识上，依据理式论，柏拉图 提出三种世界：理念—现实—文艺（艺术）。 柏拉图的“理念摹仿说”本质上是一条客观 唯心主义的认识路线，为“有神论”留下了 生存空间。但“理念摹仿说”否定了艺术反 映现实世界生活的客观属性，否定了艺术的 真实性，贬低了文艺的作用意义。
2、在文艺社会功用问题上，柏拉图的态度是明 确的：文艺必须对社会有用，为城邦政治服 务。有用则是好的，否则是坏的。这种效用 说实质是奴隶主贵族的功利主义原则，把文 艺变成政治的附庸，贵族统治的工具。
理念的影子—现实事物，因此文艺只是摹本 的摹本，影子的影子，和真实隔着三层。
（二）文艺价值论是以极端功利主义的伦 理观为特征的
柏拉图重视文艺的社会功能，要求文艺“不
仅能引起快感，而且对于国家和人生都有效 果”，即有意义建设“正义”的城邦和培育 “正义”的人格。 他以此为标准，批评古希腊文艺一是亵渎神 灵，丑化英雄，“最严重的毛病是说谎”； 二是摧残理性，滋养情欲，“对于听众的心 灵是一种毒素”。因此，他要把诗驱逐除理 想国，除非它“真正能给人教育，使人得 益”。
（一）文艺本质论是以客观唯心主义的 “理论式”为基础的。
1、柏拉图所说的“理式”并不依存于 物质存在，不是人的意识，而是一种超时 空、非物质、永恒不灭的本体。 理式的存在才是真实的存在。人只有领 会了它，才能认识世界和真理。
柏拉图介绍（精选3篇）
柏拉图介绍（精选3篇）以下是网友分享的关于柏拉图介绍的资料3篇，希望对您有所帮助，就爱阅读感谢您的支持。
[柏拉图介绍篇一]Plato （424/423 BC[a] –348/347 BC), was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with his mentor, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, Plato helped to lay the foundations of Westernphilosophy and science. In the famous words of A.N. Whitehead:柏拉图（公元前424 / 423 [ ]–348 / 347年），是古希腊哲学家，数学家，苏格拉底的学生，哲学对话的作家，和创始人雅典科学院，在西方世界的第一所高等学府。
随着他的导师和他的学生，苏格拉底，柏拉图，亚里士多德，奠定了西方哲学和科学的基础。
在安怀特海的名言：The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that itconsists of a series of footnotes to Plato. I do not mean the systematic scheme of thought which scholars have doubtfully extracted from his writings. I allude to the wealth of general ideas scattered through them.关于欧洲哲学传统的最一般的特征是，它包括一系列的脚注柏拉图。
柏拉图介绍
mottos
Mankind censure injustice, fearing that they may be the victims of it and not because they shrink from commintting it.人类对于不公正的行为加以指责，并非因 为他们愿意做出这种行为，而是惟恐自己会成为这种行为 的牺牲者。 Better be unborn than untaught,for ignorance is the root of misfortune.与其不受教育，不如不被生下来，因为无知 是不幸的根源。 Knowledge is the food of the soul. 知识是心灵的食粮。 Learn young, learn fair. 学习趁年少，而且要学好。
story about Plato
大哲学家苏格拉底有一天给他的学生上课。他说：同学们 ，我们今天不讲哲学，只要求大家做一个简单的动作，把 手往前摆动300下，然后再往后摆动300下，看看谁能每天 坚持。过了几天，苏格拉底上课时，他请坚持下来的同学 举手，结果，90%以上的人举起了手。过了一个月，他又 要求坚持下来的同学举手，只有70%多的人举手。过了一 年，他又同样要求，结果只有一个人举手，这个人就是后 来也成为了大哲学家的柏拉图。此时的柏拉图很年轻，在 学识上与后来的哲学家柏拉图相比仍显稚嫩，但已表现出 一个杰出人物所具有的执着追求、坚持不懈的优秀心理素 质。他在成为哲学家之前，大部分时间仍然显得平淡无奇 ，所不同的是在那些人们看似平淡、枯燥的重复中，柏拉 图能认准目标、始终坚持。甩手固然甩不出一个哲学家， 但是目标游移、耐不住寂寞的人是很难有大的作为的。
Thoughts
1.哲学思想：唯心主义理念论 理念是世界的本质，现 实世界是理念的反应。 2.政治思想：（1）《理想国》 （论正义）理想国家构成、 最高统治者 （2）强调法治 《法律篇》（“第二等理 想国” 3.注重教育：创立雅典学院
柏拉图英文简介
柏拉图英⽂简介 柏拉图，古希腊伟⼤的哲学家，也是全部西⽅哲学乃⾄整个西⽅⽂化最伟⼤的哲学家和思想家之⼀。
下⾯是店铺⼩编给⼤家整理的柏拉图英⽂简介，供⼤家参阅! 柏拉图简介 Plato (Plato, Πλάτeων, BC 427 BC - 347 BC), the ancient Greek great philosopher, is also one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers of all Western philosophy and even the whole of Western culture. He and teacher Socrates, student Aristotle and known as the Greek three sages. Another concept of its creation or development includes: Plato thought, Platonism, Platonic love and so on. Plato's main works for the dialogue, most of which dialogue have Socrates played. But the academic community generally believe that the image of Socrates is not entirely the history of Socrates. In addition to Homer, Plato was influenced by many of the previous writers and thinkers, including Pythagoras' concept of "harmony" and Anaca Gora taught that Socrates should be spiritual or rational As the basis for judging anything; Parmenides's theory of linking all things may also affect Plato's concept of the soul. Plato's original name is Aristocles, and Aristocles is named well-named, and later known as Plato because of his strong body (in Greek, Platus is "flat, wide" and so on). Later, Plato's name was extended. Plato is a famous ancient Greek philosopher who wrote many philosophical dialogues and founded a prestigious college in Athens. Plato is a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle, whose three are widely regarded as the founders of Western philosophy. As many of the old literature, Plato left the anthologies incomplete, and still controversial. He recorded the record of the Socrates as a descendant of the main source of their thoughts, but many of the contents of the record is Plato's own views, rather than the original intention of Socrates. It is generally assumed that Plato's birth should be in May or December of 427 BC or May or December of 428 BC (as with other early Western philosophers, his birth date is still unknown). Plato was born in a more affluent Athens aristocratic family, his father was Ariston (Ariston), the mother is Borisi Eni (Perictione), he ranked fourth at home. His family claimed to be the descendants of the ancient Athens king, he was also the famous Greek politician Crete (Critias) nephew, but the relationship between the two is still controversial. According to later Ou Genni Lalu's argument, Plato's original name was Aristokles, and later called Plato because of his wide shoulders (in Greek, the word Platus was "flat Wide "and so on). But Oguni also mentioned the other argument, Plato's name may also come from his fluent broad (platutês) eloquence, or because he has a broad forehead. Because of Plato's excellent learning ability and other talents, the ancient Greeks also praised him as the son of Apollo, and said that in Plato or the baby when the bees stuck in his lips, will make him eloquent so sweet and smooth. Plato began to inherit the family tradition and was in politics, but then the situation changed. In the war with Sparta, the decline of the Athenian democracy, then "thirty arrogant" came to power. "Thirty guilty" turned to a new representative government replaced. In 399 BC, Socrates was tried and sentenced to death, Plato was completely disappointed with the existing regime, so began to travel to Italy, Sicily, Egypt, Cyndi and other places to seek knowledge. He was said to have returned to Athens at the age of forty, about 387 BC, and founded his own school at the Akademy in the northwest corner of Athens - the Platonic Institute, which became the earliest and well-organized institution of higher education in Western civilization One of the later institutions of higher academic (Academy) and hence the name, but also in the Middle Ages developed in the West, the predecessor of the university. The name of the college is related to the address of the college and is located on a land that has been the residence of the Greek legendary hero Akademes. The college existed for more than 900 years until the 529 AD was closed by Justinian Great. The college is influenced by Pythagoras, and the curriculum is similar to the traditional subjects of the Pythagorean school, including arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and acoustics. The college has trained many intellectuals, the most outstanding ofwhich is Aristotle. In addition to Homer, Plato was influenced by many of the writers and thinkers before that, including Pythagoras' concept of "harmony", and Ana Keda La teach Socrates that the mind or Rationality as the basis for judging anything; Parmenides suggests that the theory of linking all things may also affect Plato's concept of the soul. 柏拉图⼈物⽣平 Growth period of 28 years BC was born in 427 BC (the first year of the Olympic 88th), four years after the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War, the second year after the death of Burkeley, Socrates 42 years old (Sicily Leontini (Leontini) state Gorgia to Athens for help, told Syria invasion of its state). BC 423 years 4 years old, Aristophanes "cloud" staged, Socrates presence watch, appeared on the spot public, attitude freely. BC 42 years 6 years old, is said to be "Republic" time (or time). BC 420 years old, into the Dionysius school, literacy, listening to Homer and other poems. 4 years BC, 16 years old, Protagorra was 400 people congress man accused of people do not believe in God, escaped from Athens, in the way to the west of the victims (after the philosophers were persecuted or expelled, executed, or voluntarily exile also A Nakasago, Pythagoras, Heraclitus). BC 409-403 estimated to have been cavalry on duty, said to have participated in three campaigns. In 408 BC Gorgia delivered a speech at the 93rd Olympia Games, calling on Athens and Sparta to unite against Persia. 407 years old 20 years old to follow Socrates study, had to Kela Lu Lu to learn Heraclitus philosophy; to Hermione to learn Parmenides philosophy. It is said that he wanted to write a drama, to see Socrates, was denied. In the year 405, Syracuse was defeated by democracy and established the tyranny. BC 404 years old, Peloponnesian war ended, Athens thirty enemy, Plato once wanted to politics, after disappointment. 399 years 28 years old, Socrates trial (Plato presence) and was executed, Socrates died when Plato was sick. Tour period of 12 years In 398 BC Plato and other Socrates disciples have left Athens to the field shelter, to Sicily, Italy, Egypt. 392 years 35 years old, before and after this, write early dialogue: "defense", "grams of the same", "swim", "Lazis", "Luxi Si", "Chamidisi " Isocletian at the Academy of Athens. Visiting 390 years BC: the capital of the Pythagorean school. In 388 BC, he went to Syracuse, and he was acquainted with his son-in-law, Dion (20 years old), and Dion became a cross (which was said to have been offended by slaves, Ransom). 20 years of lectures 387 BC, 40 years old, returned to Athens, began to give lectures, or that this year to establish a school, after writing dialogue: "Protagorola", "Mino", "special interest De Mo Si articles." And the mid-term works: "ideal country", "will drink", "Fife was", "fee more" and so the most dramatic dialogue. In 385 BC the vintage of the case of Socrates: Statue of the Socrates. 384 BC 43 years old, Aristotle Health, Demi Tirini Health. In 387 BC in the northwest suburbs of Athens pottery area to establish the school. "Do not understand geometric scholars do not enter this door." In 376 BC Gorgia died. At the end of the year, at the end of the year, at the end of the year, at the end of the year, In 370 AD, Democritus died, and Plato was supposed to buy his book. The writing period is 20 years 367 BC 60 years old, the academy to pay Odoko cable (that is, Ou Duokesuo Si) presided over his own disciples and friends to the second time Syracuse, then the old Dionysus (Dionysi Sri Lanka has died, this time Plato has been famous far from Greece and beyond. Aristotle came to Athens to study (it is said to be good, left only Aristotle to listen). In 366 BC Dionysius II succeeded, Dion (Dionysius II brother-in-law) to flee, Plato lost a sense of Syria. 363 BC 64 years old, the third time to Syracuse, was detained, was by. 357 BC, 70 years old, to give up political activities, full writings, late works are: wise men, politicians, Fei Li cloth, Timai articles. BC was born in 356 BC. The last writings of the year 348 BC are: the law, the Ibn Nomi chapter sequel, just the beginning of the death. In the spring of 347 BC (March?) Died, the will of the property for the school premises, not allowed to sell, transfer. Leaving four slaves, releasing a slave, little property. In 344-334, Dionysius II was finally overturned, and Aristotle was a teacher of Alexandria.。
Plato的名词解释
Plato的名词解释Plato（公元前427年-公元前347年），古希腊哲学家和数学家，被尊称为西方哲学的奠基人之一。
他是苏格拉底的学生，也是亚里士多德的老师。
Plato是柏拉图主义哲学学派的创始人，他的思想被称为柏拉图主义。
在这篇文章中，我们将以Plato的名词解释为主题，探索他在知识、真理、理想国、爱、灵魂等概念上的观点和贡献。
知识（Knowledge）是Plato哲学体系中的一项基本概念。
他认为，真正的知识不仅仅是通过感觉和经验获得的，而是由理性和智慧所构成的。
Plato提出了一个著名的分层理论，将知识划分为三个层次：感觉知识（Sensation），信仰知识（Belief）和理性知识（Reason）。
感觉知识是通过感官器官获取的，是对世界的表面现象的感知。
信仰知识是通过经验和说服而形成的，是对事物的信仰和假设。
然而，Plato认为这种知识是相对而言的，容易受到幻觉和错误的影响。
唯有理性知识，即通过理性思考和思维活动而获得的知识，才是真正可靠和稳定的。
在真理（Truth）方面，Plato提出了“形而上学”（Metaphysics）的概念。
他认为，真理存在于超越感知和经验的世界中，即“理念界”（World of Forms）中。
Plato相信，物质世界只是理念界的阴暗影子，真正的真理只能通过思想超越感官去追求。
他的著名比喻“洞窟寓言”（Allegory of the Cave）描绘了人们被困在一个洞穴中，只能看到洞穴墙上的影子，而不了解真实世界的理念。
Plato坚信，只有通过与理念界接触，人们才能真正获得真理。
Plato的另一个重要概念是“理想国”（Ideal State）。
他认为，现实世界的政治制度无法实现真正的公正和正义，因为它们容易被个人私利和欲望所腐化。
因此，Plato提出了一个理论上完美的政治制度，理想国。
他认为，理想国的最高统治者应该是哲学家国王，因为哲学家有最高的智慧和洞察力，能够更好地判断和管理国家。
柏拉图的英文介绍2则
柏拉图的英文介绍2则以下是网友分享的关于柏拉图的英文介绍的资料2篇，希望对您有所帮助，就爱阅读感谢您的支持。
柏拉图的英文介绍（1）PlatoThe exact place and time of Plato‟s birth are not known, but it is certain that he belonged to an aristocratic and influential family. Based on ancient sources, most modern scholars believe that he was born in Athens or Aegina between 429 and 423 BC. His father was Ariston. Plato‟s mother was Perictione, whose family boasted of a relationship with the famous Athenian lawmaker and lyric poet Solon. Besides Plato himself, Ariston and Perictione had three other children; these were two sons, Adeimantus and Glaucon, and a daughter Potone. The traditional date ofPlato‟s birth is 428/427. Plato‟s father appears to have died in Plato‟s childhood, although the precise dating of his death is difficult. Perictione then married Pyrilampes, her mother‟s brother, who had served many times as an ambassador to the Persian court and was a friend of Pericles, the leader of the democratic faction in Athens.Apuleius informs us that Sp eusippus praised Plato‟s quickness of mind and modesty as a boy, and the “first fruits of his youth infused with hard work and love of study”. Plato must have been instructed in grammar, music, and gymnastics by the most distinguished teachers of his time. Dicaearchus went so far as to say that Plato wrestled at the Isthmian games. Plato had also attended courses of philosophy; before meeting Socrates, he first became acquainted with Cratylus (a disciple ofHeraclitus, a prominent pre-Socratic Greek philosopher) and the Heraclitean doctrines.In Plato ’s later life, he may have traveled in Italy, Sicily, Egypt and Cyrene. Said to have returned to Athens at the age of forty, Plato founded one of the earliest known organized schools in Western Civilization on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus. The Academy was “alarge enclosure of ground that was once the property of a citizen at Athens named Academus. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Lucius Cornelius Sulla in 84 BC. Neoplatonists revived the Academy in the early 5th century, and it operated until AD 529, when it was closed by Justinian I of Byzantium, who saw it as a threat to the propagation of Christianity. Many intellectuals were schooled in the Academy, the most prominent one being Aristotle.Throughout his later life, Plato became entangled with the politics of the city of Syracuse. According to Diogenes Laertius, Plato initially visited Syracuse while it was under the rule of Dionysus. During this first trip Dionysus‟s brother-in-law, Dion of Syracuse, became one of Plato‟s disciples, but the tyrant himself turned against Plato. Plato was sold into slavery and almost faced death in Cyrene, a city at war with Athens, before an admirer bought Plato‟s freedom and sent him ho me. After Dionysius‟s death, according to Plato‟s Seventh Letter, Dion requested Plato return to Syracuse to tutor Dionysus II and guide him to become aphilosopher king. Dionysius II seemed to accept Plato‟steachings, but he became suspicious of Dion, his uncle. Dionysus expelled Dion and kept Plato against his will. Eventually Plato left Syracuse. Dion would return to overthrow Dionysus and ruled Syracuse for a short time before being usurped by Calippus, a fellow disciple of Plato.A variety of source s have given accounts of Plato‟s death. One story, based on a mutilated manuscript, suggests Plato died in his bed, whilst a young Thracian girl played the flute to him. Another tradition suggests Plato died at a wedding feast. The account is based on Diog enes Laertius‟s reference to an account by Hermippus, a third century Alexandrian. According to T ertullian, Plato simply died in his sleep. Unlike his beloved mentor Socrates, who wrote nothing, Plato was a prolific writer. He produced more than two dozen dialogues that cover nearly every topic. Their impact upon Western thought has been so great that the twentieth-century philosopher Alfred North Whitehead called the entire history of Western philosophy “a series of footnotes to Plato.” Nowadays, more and more people admire Plato. Plato is Classical Greek philosopher. The most important matters in Plato‟s philosophy are: first, his Utopia, which was the earliest of a long series; second, his theory ofideas, which was a pioneer attempt to deal with the still unsolved problem of universals; third, his arguments in favor of immortality; fourth, his cosmogony; fifth, his conception of knowledge as reminiscence ratherthan perception.Let us first describe Plato‟s Utopia in its broad outlines. The main problem, as Plato perceives, is to insure that the guardians (Plato begins by deciding that the citizens are to be divided into three classes: the common people, the soldiers, and the guardians.) shall carry out the intentions of the legislator. For this purpose he has various proposals, educational, economic, biological, and religious. The first thing to consider is education. This is divided into two parts, music and gymnastics. As for economics: Plato proposes a thoroughgoing communism for the guardians. Plato thought both wealth and poverty are harmful. I come last to the theological aspect of the system. Plato is fight in thinking that belief in this myth could be generated in two generations. In general, Plato‟s “Utopia” involved in all aspects of ideology, philosophy, ethics, education, literature and art, politics and so on. Ideal is to discuss the country‟s problems. He said that the state is larger than the individual,the individual is to reduce the country. Have three qualities: wisdom, courage and restraint.The theory of Idea, which directly derived from Socrates‟ famous proposition …virtue is knowledge‟, was established to carry out Plato‟s historic mission. Plato‟s Theory of Idea initiated western traditional metaphysics and ever since then it has had great influence upon the history of western philosophy.In the science, Plato had expounded the negative number concept, is the one-figure number scientist. He has developed Pythagoras about the universe harmonious thought, pointed out the heavenly body movement the track is a circular. He unifies the astronomy and the geometry, for afterwards established the geocentric theory to build the foundation. He also carries on the universe and the human body analogy, deduces about the universal nature and the structure opinion, also deduces about the human body physiology opinion. His world big universe and the human body universe thought as the middle ages last stage, have continuously as popularly had the profound influence to the biology development.Also, he is the founder of the Academy in Athens. As wementioned, Plato founded one of the earliest known organized schools in Western Civilization on a plot of land in the Grove of Hecademus or Academus. The Academy was “a large enclosure of ground that was once the property of a citizen at Athens named Academus. The Academy operated until it was destroyed by Lucius Cornelius Sulla in 84 BC. Neoplatonists revived the Academy in the early 5th century, and it operated until AD 529, when it was closed by Justinian I of Byzantium, who saw it as a threat to the propagation of Christianity. Many intellectuals were schooled in the Academy, the most prominent one being Aristotle.What is the most familiar with Chinese is Plato ’s vision of love. Many Chinese people advocate this kind of Platonic love, which is a permanent,the betterment of life. There are some well-known sayings, such as: The combination of flesh is not pure, is dirty; Love and sexual passion are two opposed status; If a person is really in love with someone, he will never think of having sex with that person and so on.All in all, Plato is a great man. We can learn many things from him.前面五段是对柏拉图的介绍，从早年的出生，再到教育，再到万年的遭遇和最后的死去。
介绍柏拉图的英文作文
介绍柏拉图的英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Plato was a really important philosopher. He had some really deep thoughts.He came up with all kinds of ideas about knowledge and reality. His teachings had a big impact.Plato's dialogues are famous. They make you think a lot.He influenced many people over the years. People still study his works.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
3. Major Works of Plato
---Dialogues ---Apology (Socrates’ defence of himself at the trial苏格拉底的申辩) ---Symposium （dealing with beauty and love） ---Republic (about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets) 《理想国》
Plato’s Whole Life
Socrates’ death Travelling abroad
12 years
Returning Athens
41 years
Teaching (philosophy, mathematics and astronomy)
2. Philosophical Systems of Plato
这两本著作是柏拉图最重要的两部作品，它们（
尤其是《理想国》）浓缩了最完整的柏拉图思想 ，论述所及不仅包括关于国家及人的思想，也包 括其著名的关于形式的学说，关于知识的理论， 以及关于音乐、诗歌在社会中作用的见解。它们 对于西方人有关正义、统治、服从以及恪守道德 的等观念问题具有强烈的影响。
Plato’s philosopher-king
主要思想主张
⑴哲学思想：理念是世界的本质，现实世界是理 念世界的反映；实质是对事物共性的讨论，唯 心主义理念论；推动了唯心主义哲学的发展。 2、政治理想：对现实政治不满，设计理想国 。 3、强调法治，法律应该成为所有人的行为准 则 ，有利于后代法制国家的建立。忽视法律 性质（优劣） ４、注重教育，创立雅典学园，成为思想的“ 集散地”，有利于后世教育事业的发展和人才 的培养。
Plato built up a comprehensive system of
philosophy: It dealt with the complex, ever-changing world in which men were to attain knowledge. Men have knowledge because of the existence of certain general “ideas”. Only these “ideas” are completely real, while the physical world is only relatively real, namely, ideas come first, while matters secondary. For these reasons we think Plato’s philosophy is called idealism.
Republic 《 理想国》
理性、激情、欲望 智慧、勇敢、节制 正义 Reason, passion, desire Wisdom, courage, temperance Justice
The ideal king should be a philosopher
Lover of knowledge, wise Morally virtuous Therefore fit to hold political power The king would be assisted by “guardians” The ruling elite Should practise “communism”: total devotion to serving the common good of the community
1. A Brief Introduction of Plato
Birth : 428BC Death : 348BC
Nationality : Occupation :
Athens
Philosophy Thinker Main achievements : Platonism(柏拉图主义) Plato-style love（柏拉式爱情）
——A Representative of the Western classical philosophy
Contents
1. A Brief Introduction of Plato
2. Philosophical Systems of Plato 3. Major Works of Plato