基于PLC的电梯控制系统

This article elaborated the elevator structure，the structure and the working principle of the programmable logic controller．Aim at the elevator of four floors，the writer design this elevator control system by the use of Siemens S7-200 programmable logic controller．The writer design the elevator control parts, such as, the part of register and cancel the instructions from the cabin, the part of register and cancel the instructions from the station hall, the part of choose station and direction, the part of door movement，the part of elevator operation，the part of shown layer ， and so on．These parts achieve the functions：registering the instructions from the cabin and the station hall, choosing the direction and the station of elevator，elevator go up or down and door automatically，fingering out the location of the cabin, and other functions.Also use kingview 6.53 complete pc to plc control elevator simulation. Key Words：Four-story Elevator; Control System ;ProgrammableLogic Controller; kingview
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Abstract
PLC-based elevator control system design
Abstract
With the rapid development of the national economy, the increasing degree of modernization, more and more high-rise buildings, elevators also will be increased, Elevator products in people′s material and cultural life of the status has been enhanced to become one of the important transport equipment. Traditional domestic elevator control from the first relay , a contactor .Traditional domestic elevator control from the first relay, a contactor . It is not only poor in the reliability ,high cost, high failure rate shortcomings, but also in layers increases, changes to the wiring and installation of manufacturing has brought many unchanged, If the control by PLC to address the above shortcomings.
本文在阐述电梯的结构和可编程控制器的结构和工作原理的基础上，针对4 层电梯，使用西门子S7-200可编程控制器，设计了电梯的控制系统，包括轿内指 令和厅外召唤信号的登记与消除、电梯的选层和定向、电梯的开关门运行、电梯 上下行控制、电梯的指层控制等部分，实现了轿内与各层呼梯指令的记录、电梯 运行方向和选层的控制，电梯上下行和自动开关门、电梯的指层控制等功能。同 时也使用了组态王6.53完成上位机对PLC控制电梯的仿真。 关键词：四层电梯 控制系统 可编程控制器 组态王
1.1 电梯的国内外发展状况 ........................................ 1 1.2 课题的研究背景及意义.........................................1 1.3 PLC 在电梯控制中的应用以及发展前景...........................4 1.4 课题研究的内容...............................................6 第二章 电梯的综述..................................................7 2.1 电梯的结构及组成部件.........................................7 2.2 电梯的种类...................................................8 2.3 电梯的主要参数及性能指标.....................................8 第三章 运行方案设计................................................10 3.1 总体方案的确定 ............................................ 10 3.2 PLC 控制系统方案设计........................................11 3.3 电梯曳引方案 .............................................. 12 第四章 硬件选型、设计及计算.......................................12 4.1 四层电梯曳引电机及门电机电路图 ............................. 13 4.2 可编程控制器(PLC)的选择 .................................... 13
4.2.1 可编程控制器(PLC)的特点...............................13 4.2.2 轿厢楼层位置检测方法.................................14 4.2.3 PLC 的选型 ...........................................15 4.3 变频器的选择 ............................................... 16 4.3.1 变频器的原理..........................................17 4.3.2 变频器的选择.........................................18 4.3.3 VS-616G5 型变频器的特点 ..............................18 4.3.4 VS-616G5 型变频器的结构及参数设置 ....................19 4.3.5 变频器自学习功能的应用方法..........................20 4.3.6 变频器容量及制动电阻参数的计算.......................20 第五章 软件设计....................................................23 5.1 电梯控制系统的主流程图 .................................... 23 5.2 梯形图 ..................................................... 24 5.2.1 外召唤信号登记及消除 ..................................24 5.2.2 内指令信号登记及消除 ..................................25 5.2.3 电梯的平层信号处理 ....................................26 5.2.4 选层定向及反向截梯 ....................................26 5.2.6 各楼层停车信号 ........................................31 5.2.7 自动开关门 ............................................31 第六章 上位机组态监控软件..........................................34 6.1 上位机软件设计概述 ........................................ 34 6.2 设计监控画面 .............................................. 36 6.3 定义数据变量 .............................................. 37 6.4 变量动画连接 .............................................. 38
于PLC的电梯控制系统设计 摘要
随着国民经济的飞速发展，现代化程度日益提高，高层建筑越来越多，电 梯也随之增多，电梯产品在人们物资文化生活中的地位得到了提高，成为重要的 运输设备之一。国内传统的电梯控制一是由继电器、接触器构成。它不仅存在着 可靠性差、成本高、故障率高等缺点，而且在层数增加时，配线变化给制造及安 装带来诸多不便。若用 PLC 控制就解决了以上的不足。