05439自考商务英语阅读基础词汇表
超全面的自考英语单词表,很好的
自考英语单词表
序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 language n. 语言 whatever adj. & pron. 无论什么 else ad. 其他，另外；a. 别的 play v. 玩；打(球)；下(棋) shop n. 商店；vi到商店买东西 doctor n. 医生，医师；博士 automobile n. 汽车，机动车 total a. 总的；vi. 合计，总共 stranger n. 陌生人 face n. 脸，正陎；v. 陎对 telephone n. 电话；vt. 打电话 respond v. 答复，响应 further ad. 更远地；a. 更多的 swell vi. 使膨胀；使增长 torrent n. 奔流，激流 hardly ad. 几乎不；仅，才 wake vi. 醒，醒来；vt. 唤醒 ourselves pron. 我们自己 animal n. 动物，兽；a. 动物的 possession n. 所有；拥有 distinguish v. 区别；辨别；识别 human n. 人；adj. 人的，人类的 humanity 人性；人类；人 source n. 水源，根源，来源 newborn a. 新生的 person n. 人；人身；本人 being n. 存在；生物；生命 according adj. 按照，根据 tradition n. 传统，惯例 序号 752 in the middle of 在…当中 753 sooner or later 迟早，早晚，或迟或早 754 maybe adv. 可能；大概；也许 755 hat n. 帽子(一般指带边的) 756 angry adj. 生气的；发怒的 757 shout vt. &.vi. 高呼，大声嚷 758 cry vi. 哭；喊叫；n. 哭声 759 glad adj. 高兴的；乐意的 760 voice n. 说话声；意见；语态 761 bone n. 骨；骨头 762 sorry adj. 对不起的，抱歉的 763 sir n. 先生，阁下；…爵士 764 put on 穿上(衣服)；戴上(帽) 765 arrive at 到达(某地) 766 at last 最后；终于 767 in front of 在…前陎，陎对 768 predict v. 预言，预告，预测 769 outdoor adj. 野外的，露天的 770 game n. 游戏，玩耍，运动会 771 suitable adj. 合适的，适宜的 772 housewife n. 家庭主妇 773 weatherman n. 气象员 774 prediction n. 预言，预告；预报 775 forecast n. 预测，预报；vt. 预示 776 wash vt. &.vi. 漱洗；洗(东西) 777 lot n. 许多，大量；签，阄 778 clothes n. 衣服，服装；被褥 779 enable vt. 启动，恢复正常操作 780 avoid vt. 避免；回避，躲开
自考国际商务英语课文必考词汇短语
Transaction 交易customs area 关税区in compliance with 遵从conversion 货币兑换visible trade 有形贸易resale 转售gross domestic product国内生产总值invisible trade 无形贸易for short 缩写为account for 占…比例headquarters总部trap 陷阱，圈套portfolio investment 证券投资stocks 股票bonds 债券maturity （票据等）到期，到期日certificate of deposit 大额存单licensing许可经营franchising 特许经营trademark 商标advisable 可行的patent 专利royalty 专利使用费；copyright 版税licensor 给予许可的人licensee 接受许可的人franchiser 给予特许的人franchisee 接受特许的人logo 标志；标记management contract 管理合同expertise 专门知识bonus 红利；津贴；奖金flat 一律的，无变动的value chain 价值链contract manufacturing 承包工程turnkey project “交钥匙”工程clue 线索BOT（Build，Operate，Transfer）建设经营移交stand for 代表variant 变形/体potential 潜力national income 国民收入bulk 大量的；大宗的GNP 国民生产总值per capita income 人均收入PPP 购买力平价consumerism 消费，消费主义incomedistribution 收入分布Organization of Economic Cooperation andDevelopment 经济合作与发展组织infra structure 基础设施Commonwealth ofIndependent States 独立国家联合体staple goods 大路货tap 开发hemisphere 半球observation（经观察而得到的）看法haven避风港；安全之地spur 促进creditorcountry 债权国proximity 临近ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟witness 亲历economicintegration 经济一体化liberalize 使自由put up barriers 设置障碍fall under分成几部分free trade area自由贸易区tariffrates 关税税率NAFTA北美自由贸易协定customs union 关税同盟detour 迂回；绕行common market 共同市场adoption 使用，采用euro 欧元erode 侵蚀autonomy 自治sovereign state 主权国家political entity政治实体set the stage of 为、、做准备；促成monumental 重要的，有纪念意义的landmark 地标；里程碑signatory 签字国；签字人settlement 结算banknotes 纸币；钞票circulation货币流通executive body 行政机构，执行机构European Commission欧盟委员会veto 否决commissioner 委员，特派员，专员council of ministers 部长理事会empower 授予权力multi-polarization 多极化tenet 原则；宗旨Dual-Ministerial Meeting双部长会议cartel 卡特尔，联盟OPEC 石油输出国组织globalization 全球化frequency 频繁，频率interactive 相互作用的element要素；组成成分；元素value 价值观acclaim 欢呼；欢迎；喝彩adverse 不利的；反对的controversial 引起争议的instrumental 有作用的internationalization 国际化facilities 设施；设备；工具label 把称为；把归类employ 用；使用assets 资产incorporate 吸收；合并purpot 声称；自称headquarters总部international economic environment国际经济环境double digit 两位数字survival 继续生存embark（on）开始；从事gigantic 庞大的；巨大的intervene干预；干涉technical improvements 技术进步derivation 获得day-to-day running 日常管理decentralize 分散；放下（权利）wield操控；控制jurisdiction 权利；管理范围vehicle 工具；手段delegate power to…对、、、授权affiliate 分支机构；附属机构mover原动力，推动力define 下定义services 劳务distri natural resources 自然资源abundant 丰富的scarce缺少，缺乏primarycommodities 初级产品incentive 刺激specialization 专业化constitute 构成，形成remainder 剩余的，余数hold 认为interms of 在…方面illustrate 说明table表格，图表assume 假设efficient 有效的，效率高的occur 发生，产生law 规则，法则even if 即使disadvantage 不利withrespect to 关exploit 利用，开发static 静止的endowment of nature 自然的赋予up-to-date 现代的，新式的intuitive 直觉的，直观的appeal 吸引力absolute adantage 绝对利益comparative advantage 比较利益strategic 战略的reduce 减少bulky 笨重的，庞大的perishable 易碎的protectionist保护主义的barrier障碍typical 典型的tariffs 关税quota 配额levy 征收，收取coincide 巧合；偶合customs union关税联盟import duties 进口关税export duties 出口关税ad valorem 按价；从价specific 从量的compound duties 复税，混合关税drawback 退税refund 偿还；退还most-favoured-nation（MFN）treatment 最惠国待遇signatory 签字国concession让步tariff schedule 税率表；税则non-tariff barrier 非关税壁垒impose 加强unilaterally 单方面地label 标签，标记，标号voluntary 自动的，主动的forthcoming 即将到来的meaning of transport 运输工具inland water vessels 内河船只maritime 海洋的cargo compartment 货仓charter租fleet 舰队insurance保险vulnerable 脆弱的collision 碰撞pilferage偷窃explosion 爆炸place of historical interest 古迹accommodations 膳宿供应immigrant 移民remittance 汇款undertake 承担climate 环境气氛；风气degenerate 变坏；衰退deal 交易draw up 制定；拟就respective 各自的；分别的subsequent 随后的，后来的interpretation 解释；说明trade terms 贸易术语；交易条件trading practices 贸易惯例litigation 诉讼，诉争entail 使人承担；使成为必要amendment 修正案；修正条款addition 增加部分revise 修正；修改unitization 使成为一个单位maritime 海的；海上的consolidate 统一，合并render 使得；使成为negotiable 可转让的；可流通的vital 极其重要的，必不可少的whereby 凭借那个，借以premises 生产场所；经营场所disposal 处理departure 离开，启程，出发quay 码头substantive 实质性的set forth 陈述；阐明binding 有约束力的enforceable可实施的sue起诉trade fairs商品交易会trunk call 长途电话enquiry 询盘；询价quotation 报价voluntarily 主动地，自愿地indispensable 必不可少的validity period 有效期offer还盘unbinding 无约束力的invalid 无效的sales contract销售合同sales （purchase）confirmation 售货（购货）确认书setting up 构成，结构，格式consignment 寄售contracting parties 缔约方force majeure不可抗力arbitration 仲裁cotton piece good 棉布cottonyarns 棉纱hereby 于此hereunder 于下article number 货号yard 码overleaf 反面bleached 漂白的counter trade 对销贸易；反对贸易allegedly被说成；据说phenomenon 现象terminology 术语generic 总称的net positions 实际寸头adduce 引证empirical 以经验为根据的reciprocal 互惠的；互相hyperinflation极度通货膨胀literally照字地disarray 混乱conceptually 概念上地European Payment Union 欧洲支付联盟pre-specify 预先说明competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值inessence 实质上的intertemporal 不同时的betied to 固定于photocopyingmachine 复印机intriguing引起兴趣的，有迷惑力的concurrently 同时发生的 a fraction of一点儿；一部分verify 一部分sophisticated 经验丰富的bypass 避开；置、、、于不顾expertise 专门知识leverage 杠杆作用tap 开发；开辟conceal 掩盖；隐藏perpetuate 使永久存在processing trade 加工贸易consignment 寄售赁agency 代理domestic国内的status 状况remittance 汇款debtor 债务人debit 借方；记入借方的款financial standing 财务状况default 违约；不履行职责ban禁止fluctuation波动hesitant 犹豫，不情愿dubious 可疑integrity 正直；诚实periodicpayment 分期付款cash in advance预付现金draft 汇票（bill of exchange）drawer 出票人drawee受票人payee受款人usance draft（tenor draft，term draft）远期汇票documentary draft 跟单汇票clean draft 光票bill oflading 提单title to the goods 货物所有权insurance policy 保险单documentary collection 跟单托收documents against payment （D/P）付款交单documents against acceptance（D/A）承兑交单sound 健全；良好withdiscretion 慎重地；审慎地release 放开gain control over得到对…的控制objective 目的，目标impeccable 无缺点的bilateral 双边的credit-worthiness 资信unique 独特的security 安全，保障presentation 呈交；提示undertaking 承担applicant 开证申请人opening bank 开证银行beneficiary 受益人correspondent bank 往来行；关系行advising bank 通知行amendment 修改discrepancy 不符confirming bank 保兑行reimburse 付款nominate 指定insufficient 不足的submit提交stipulation 规定expire 满期；到期unit price 单价partial shipment 分批装运transshipment 转船seal 印章underlying作为基础的obligation责任，义务ultimately 最终category 种类fall under 归为…类mechanism 机制clean credit 光票信用证non-trade settlement非贸易结算revocable credit 可撤销信用证irrevocable credit 不可撤销信用证certainty 确定程度，肯定程度alter 改变commitment 承担的责任cancel 取消，作废consult with 与、、、协商revoke 撤销consent 同意extensively 广泛地indication 指明，表明confirmed credit 保兑信用证leading bank 主要银行double assurance 双重保障involve 牵涉；涉及sight credit 即期信用证usance credit 远期信用证impeccable正确无误的capital turnover 资金周转maturity 到期discount 贴现face value 面值transferable credit 可转让信用证non-transferable credit 不可转让信用证middleman 中间人non-draft credit 无汇票信用证deferredpayment 推迟付款revolving credit 循环信用证renew 恢复reinstate 使复原contracting parties 合同各方，缔约各方sustain 遭受，蒙受insolvent 无支付能力的bankrupt 破产的documents 单据take deliveryof 提（货）delay 延误，迟延discrepancy 不符conformity一致，相符description 描述commission 佣金discount 折扣shipping marks 唛头seal 印章；图章signature 签字comply with 符合in general terms 用概括性的词语，用一般性词语表达exceed 超过memos 备忘录，便笺bill of lading 提单carrier 承运人shipper 货主，托运人carriage 运输consignee收货人notify party 被通知人payable 应支付的，可支付的devoid of 没有，缺少liability 责任；义务airway bill 空运提单cargo receipt铁路运单，货运收据insurance policy 保险单function 功能；作用the insured 被保险人currency 货币settle 清算；结算fundamental 极其重要的efficiency 效率primitive 原始的in a broad sense 从广义上讲grocery 食品；杂货distinct 与其他明显不同的；独特的natural product provinces 产品自然领域urgency 紧迫；急迫perform 执行；完成carrier 承运人。
商务英语词汇表
BEC商务英语词汇表Unit one .company operation and management 1.1teamworkteamwork 团队合作team-based 以团队为基础的horizontal organizational structure 横向企业结构corporate goal 企业目标charter 规章章程individuality 个性be accountable for 对~~负有责任creative innovation 创新改革reward system 奖励制度pay back 回报报偿independent thinking 独立思想managerial skill 管理技能group decision-making 集体决策keep track of 跟踪记录coordinate 使协调interpersonal relationship 人际关系mutual trust 互相信任bring out the potentials 充分发挥潜能closely-knit 密切的liner manager 部门经理minimize 最小化time-consuming 浪费时间nurture team dynamics 培养团队活力pre-requisite 前提team-building 团队建设inhibit 约束抑制driven team success 驱使团队成功training session 一场培训rock climbing 攀岩complementary 互补的committed 敬业精神revitalize 使新生trait 特点address 处理（事情）1.2Internal communicationBe committed to 致力于be engaged in 投身于integrity 诚信Openness 坦诚Paramount 极为重要的opinion survey 意见调查Put in place 实施audience-driven 受众为导向delivery 传输Communication approach 沟通方式segmentation 分割customisation 量身定做的integrated platform 集成平台cost efficiency 成本效率digital media 数码传媒column 专栏notice-board 布告栏resentment 愤恨intranet 企业内部网corporate information 企业信息vision 设想subordinate 下级performance excellence 优异变现staff appraisal 业绩评估tangible performance standards 具体工作标准layout 版面设计annual performance reviews 年度业绩考核opinion poll 民意测试two-way communication 双向沟通have access to 有权使用company logo 公司标识 a sense of belongings 归属感work station 工作处information equality 信息均等1.3 reducing production costresult in 导致ISO9000 质量标准体系cut corners 走捷径greener pasture 更绿的牧场go through the roof 大大增加deadwood 朽木无用的人under the umbrella of 在~保护下ex-customer 过去顾客nuisance 讨厌的人或事prognosis 预告TMQ 全面质量管理raw materials 原材料shift work 倒班制cost control 成本控制customers service 客服ergonomics 功效学cost effective 成本效益competitive edge 竞争优势cost accountant 成本会计师to a large extend 很大程度上cost efficient 成本效益高的cost management 成本管理cost-conscious 注意节约成本的production line 生产线user-friendly 方便用户的out of step with 与~步调不一致permanent schedule 固定班adjust to 对~适应fight off 竭力避免rotating schedule 轮班制body rhythm生理节奏hazard 危害consultancy service 咨询服务psychological consultancy 心理咨询night shift blues 夜班忧郁症adequate lighting 足够照明health counseling facilities 健康咨询设round the clock 24小时proper heat 适当的室温1.3reducing overheads（减少管理费用）activity 经营项目research and development （R&D）研发property cost 财产耗费capital goods 资本货物let out 出租balance sheet 资产负债表redundancy payment 失业abuse 滥用devastating 毁灭性的temporary measure 权宜之mortgage 抵押drastic 激烈的彻底的premises 场地办公场sublet 转租分租hotel bill旅馆住宿费public transportation fares 公交费expenses claim system 报销制度discount air ticket 打折机票malpractice 失职electric rates 电费over-expenditure 超支apportion 分摊分配office supplies 办公用品stationary 文具paper clip 回形针name- brand 知名品牌group purchasing 团购generic-brand 普通品牌bulk price 批发价mail- order 邮购rough draft 草稿put in a word 插一句话profitability 盈利能力disposable 一次性用品printer cartridge 打印机墨盒rechargeable battery 可充电池paperless office 无纸化办公comply with=abide by 遵守might as well do sth 不妨做diversify 使多样化1.4how to deal with the heavy workloadperks 额外津贴high blood pressure 高血压ulcer 溃疡health care benefit 医疗福利eldercare program 老年保健计划coffee break 工间休息pastry 糕点turnover rate 人员流动率locate nursing care facilities 查找老年护理设施norm 标准规范aging parents 年纪越高越高的父母meet deadline 赶期限exercise physiologist 运动生理学家wellness 健康stamina 耐力low spirit 情绪低落be susceptible to 易感染~疾病tactical战术上locate a contract 得到一份合同benefit system 福利制度work through lunch 不吃午饭继续工作dexterity 灵巧机敏nutritious refreshment 富含营养的食物饮料downshift 调低档retail voucher 购物券get off the treadmill 摆脱无聊的工作childcare voucher 托儿券take up a hobby 培养一种业余爱好flexible working 弹性工作annul leave 年burnout 耗尽体力1.5work environmentoccupational disease 职业疾病determinant 决定因素industrial injury 工伤disablement benefit 失业救济金underestimate 低估incident 发生dermatitis 皮炎extrapolation 推测drudgery 苦工无聊工作copier 复印件take precaution 采取防范ensure worker comfort 保证工人舒适fax machine 传真机service contract 服务合同obsolete 废弃spatial design 空间设计file system 文件橱柜frayed 磨损的surplus office supplies 多余办公用ambient lighting 背景光照明task light 操作照明defective illumination 不良照明wiring 配线a filling cabinet 文件橱柜computer cabinet 电脑线telephone cord 电话线tape down 用带子捆住soar throat 喉咙痛rubber protector 橡胶保护装置safety inspection 安全检查ventilation 通风tack down 钉住smoker detector 烟雾探测器slip-resistant 防滑的 a working extinguisher 好的灭火器acquaint sb with sth 让某人熟悉ruled and regulations 规章制度1.6logistics （物流）logistics strategy 物流战略logistics system 物流系deliver 提供tangible product 有形产品transport of goods 运送货物multifaceted 多方面的encompass=embrace 包含misstep 失策for-profit industry 盈利行业non-profit organization 非营利final goods 最终产品the end of the production line 生产终端physical distribution 销售物流material management 材料管理supply chain 供应链operational efficiency 经营效率customer satisfaction survey 顾客满意度调查procurement 采购front-line 前线的specification 详细说明书inventory 存货warehouse management 仓库管理order processing 订单处理target market 目标市场cultural taboo文化禁忌1.7business ethicscredo 信条contradiction 矛盾analgesic 止痛药pharmaceutical 制药的over-the-counter 非处方integrity 正直subsidiary 子公司executive主管人员dilemma 两难局面recall 召回contagious 污染off-chance 万分之一可能tamper-resistant 可抗不良物质渗入的offer bribery 行贿cyanide 氰化物touch off 引发in compliance with 遵从tax-avoidance 逃税take bribery 受贿capsule 胶囊secret commission 私拿回扣insider trading 内幕交易erode 侵蚀turnover 营业额dividend 红利mitigate 减轻confectionary 糖果厂gel candy 果冻fraud 欺骗hit the headlines 成为头条新闻safety notice 安全告示ingredient 成分shop floor 总称工人boardroom 董事会well-being 利益clash 冲突let alone 更不用说unit two; human resources and management2.1 recruiting &selectingAccountability 负有责任appreciate 意识到astounding 震惊Cafeteria 自选餐厅cafeteria questions 自选问题edge 优势Chief executive officer （CEO）entail 需要Fortune 财富杂志Fortune 500 company 财富500强公job opening/vacancy 空缺Look out for 为~筹措luck out 靠运气panel interview 小组面试Layoff 下岗mainstay 主要依靠orientation 员工培训Pertinent 相关的poise 镇定scale 最低工资woo 争取Underutilize 未充分利用的revitalize 给与~新的活力2.2 employee trainingBenchmark 基准测试demanding 苛求的eligible 有资格当选Ethics 伦理学facilitate 促进impartial 公正的pilot 试用Momentum 势头optimum 最佳的quality circle 质量研讨小组Retention 保留visual aids 直观教具2.3 career developmentAptitude 天资demotion 降级empowerment 授权Fast-track 最优的flounder 犯错fluctuate 波动Hierarchy 等级体系invaluable 极为宝贵的protean变化多端的Perceive 察觉到place premium on 高度重视proactive 主动的Succession planning 接替计划spur 激励sibling 同胞2.4promotionconfine 限定credibility可靠性employee cloning 员工克隆eradicate 杜绝green hand 新手inbreed 变得纯变得枯竭know the ropes 懂行locate 找到Marshal 元帅merits 功绩功劳promotion from within 内部晋升seniority 资历似sidestep 回避substantiate 证实实现undermine 逐渐削弱standing 地位名声身份2.5staff motivationaccommodate 给~提供方便aspire 追求anchor 锚定位a double-track wage system 双轨工资制度boost morale 鼓舞士气bottleneck 瓶颈bottom-line 基本的comparable 类似的chauffer 汽车司机commission 佣金concession 让步elusive 难以琢磨的excel 优于exert 运用发挥infringe 侵犯line 行业margin 利润slump 暴跌on the side 兼职pay-for-performance philosophy 绩效哲学perquisite 特殊待遇piecework 文书工作pinpoint 准确描述price concession 价格让步shareholder 股东stake 利害关系stock option 股票期权variable 浮动工资2.6staff turnover（人员流失）a blessing in disguise 因祸得福alterations 改变breathing space 活动空间consensus 一致induce 引起constructive 建设性的engagement 信奉established 知名的infuse 把~注入intangible 无形的mobility 流动性移动性nomad 流浪者游牧部落一员stick around 逗留保持penny-wise and pound-foolish 大处不算小处算的vital 致命的the survival of the fittest 适者生存workload 工作量2.7appraising improving performancepeer appraisal 同事间相互考核align 结盟appraiser 评价人autocratic 独裁的be in the position to do sth处于某种条件可能做bias 偏见dimension 方面coach 指导compensation 赔偿cannote 包含意味discharge 开除disciplinary action 惩戒行动HRM 人力资源管理lenient 宽大的peer rating 同事评估Persist 持续rater bias 评判者偏见subordinate 下属2.8pay and benefitbase salary 基本工资confidential 保密的departure 离开fitness center 健身中心fleeting 飞逝的fringe benefit附加福利impinge upon 影响payroll budget 工资预算pool 一群pay inequality 薪酬不公applicant pool 求职群体thereby 因此2.9labor relationsallege 断言bosom friend 知心朋友bread-and –butter 养家糊口collective bargaining 集体谈判disgrace 丢脸infraction 违背lawsuit 诉讼massive 巨大的pornographic 色情的probation 试用期put off 敷衍resort 手段或办法shift 轮班single out 选出surveillance 监督suspension 暂令停职veritable 十足的wrongful employment termination 非法解雇2.10work place safety and healthperiodic medical examination 定期体检corrective 纠正错误absenteeism 矿工attributable 可归因bulletin board 布告板boil down to 归结为champion 捍卫cramped 狭窄的forklift 铲车hazardous chemical 危险化学品heighten 增加instructional program 教学方案on the brick of 处于~的边缘sense of participation 参与感penalty 处罚peril 危险strategic location 重要位置ranger 巡逻队员staggering 巨大的2.11time managementall works of life 各行各业amass 积累block in/out 草拟勾出contingency 可能发生的事distraction 分心的事cluttered 凌乱flag 用标记表明frenzy 狂乱loathe 厌恶night owl 晚睡的人pinnacle 顶峰priorities 按顺序列出procrastination 拖延refreshments 点心trivial 琐碎的whiz 极其聪明的人2.12managing stressbankruptcy 破产dejected 沮丧的downsizing 精简heavy workload 繁重工作压力keep~ on edge 使~紧张不安merger 公司合并on edge 紧张不安prioritise 确定的有限次序thrive 茁壮成长tie in knots 使紧张stressor 压力源wear and tear 磨损消耗损耗unit three; marketing3.1 product developmentProduct life circle 产品生产周期marketing research 市场调研Ongoing 不间断的screening 创意筛product concept 产品概念Business analysis 商业分析test marking 市场试销Commercialisation 商品化reactive 反应性的sale quota销售定额niche market 专门市场有利可图的市场launch a product into market 将产品投放市场razor 剃须刀market share 市场份额market penetration 市场渗透product line extension 产品线的延伸premium 赠品product diversification 产品多样化modify 更改修饰trading stamps 交易印花3.2 setting pricePerception 观念brand loyalty 品牌忠诚reliability 性能可行度Cash discount 现金折扣seasonal discount 季节折扣incur 引来Trade discount 商业折扣variable cost 可变成本fixed cost 固定Penetration pricing 市场渗透价price skimming 市场撇脂价Odd-even pricing 单数或偶数的价格point-of sale displays 售点Coupons 优惠券cost-oriented pricing 根据成本定价3.3 product promotionPromotion mix 营销传播组合sales promotion 销售促进Geographic distribution 地理分布free samples 免费样品demographic characteristics 人口特征trade shows 商业展销会refund 折扣（买后）rebate 回扣sweepstake 抽奖potential consumer 潜在顾客loyalty scheme 顾客忠诚计划3.4 advertisingOnline marketing 网上营销target audience 目标受众Broadcast media 广播媒print media 印刷媒体billboard 广告牌Outdoor displays 户外广告direct mail 直接邮寄广告Persuasive advertising 说服性reminder advertising 提醒性广告Lead time 从订货到交货的时间间隔classified section 分类广告Recall rate 回忆率banner ad 标题广pop-up ad 自动弹出广告Asset 优点slot 位置pinpoint 确认确定3.5 packagingSpoilage 损坏graphic design 图案设计typeface 文字Icon 图像pump dispenser 压泵式包装facilitate 使便利Microwave pack 微波包装mustard 芥末squeezable 可挤压的Insect repellent 驱虫剂jelly 果冻desert toppings 点心配饰Ketchup 番茄酱aseptic 无菌的pilferage 小偷小摸Biodegradable 可生物降解的shoplift 混在人群中的扒手Oversized 过大的landfill 废渣填埋graphic computer 制图电脑Transit 运输brand insistence 品牌忠诚upmarket 高档的3.6 brandingRegistered trademark 注册商标brand awareness 品牌知名度Brand acceptability 品牌接受度brand preference 品牌偏好度Brand extension 品牌延伸brand licensing 品牌许可Equity 资产权益shell 壳牌（石油公司）acute 尖锐的棘手Tailor 为特定目的制作suntan lotion 防晒霜saturated 饱和的Household appliance 家用电器state-of –the-art 最新型的Brand strength 品牌优势counterfeit 伪造3.7 customer satisfactionBoost 提高compile 编纂retain 保持toll 通行费Render 给与switch to 转变aggressive 侵略的放肆的Collective 集成的镇定的value-based pricing 体现价值定价Image pricing 体现形象的定价3.8 keeping customersCustomer defection rate 顾客流失率trigger 引发alternative 两者Follow-up 后续的exceed 超过rapport 和睦关系Regular customer 常客value for money 资金效应物有所值程度Relationship marketing 关系营销attentiveness 关系的体贴的3.9 marketing channelMarketing intermediaries 营销中介in-home selling 家中推销Vending machine 自动售货机merchant wholesaler 商业批发商Broker 经纪人agent 代理人miscellaneous混杂的Eliminate 消除middleman 中间人distribution 分销Telephone retailing 电话零售mail-order retailing 邮购零售Saturate 使饱和non-store concentration 非商店零售Populated market 顾客量大的市场perishable 易腐烂的Deteriorate 使恶化scrambled merchandising 混杂在一起销售Pharmacies 药房photo processing 照片冲洗店Unit four; business travel4.1 travel and transportationTravel type 喜欢旅行的人business travel plan 商务旅行计划Green travel plan 绿色旅行计划accreditation 鉴定认可ISO 140001 国际环境管理标准认证car pool/sharing 合伙用车Mileage 里程on business errands 办理公务curb 限制Videoconferencing 电视会议on-site 就地的advisable 适当的Cash machine 自动提款机in-fight catering 航空餐饮In-fight video 飞机上的电视live TV program 直播节目Environment congestion impact 环境污染和交通拥堵造成的影响Parking space 停车场车位feel alert 活泼subsidize 补贴Bicycle access 自行车通道compressed work week 压缩工作周Stagger 错开rush-hour congestion 高峰时间拥堵Free shuttle 免费班车4.2travel and accommodationguesthouse 家庭旅mountain resort 避暑山vacancy rate 空置率per diem 每日津贴nary 一个也没有comforting 安慰的décor 装饰装潢sub-Zero 零下（冰箱牌子）draw 吸引观众hit 成功而风行一时的人或事name dropping 抬出名人炫耀自己teethe 出牙teething issues 创业初的种种问题materialize 实现glitch 失灵introductory rate 试销价drum up 竭力争取project 突出cordless telephone 无绳电话voicemail 语音信箱ports 端口workout 健身underrate 低估undercut 压价centralized reservation system 中央订票系统rack rate 定价off-premises 本部之外splurge on 挥霍金钱amenities 便利combat stress 克服压力top-of-the-line 最豪华的clientele 客户travel expense policy 差旅费政策multi-lingual 能说多种语言的in-room exercise equipment 室内健身器材newsstand 报亭4.3domestic travelseasoned 老练的escalate 逐步上升的multiple 倍数claw back 使得到补偿handset手机crippling 极有害的surcharge 增收费foyer 大堂call box 电话亭fiddly 需要小心处理的charge cards 签账卡snack bar小吃店spin-off 衍生的spin-off trade 周边贸易jet lag 时差综合症well-focused 有针对性的niche 细分市场track record 业绩delegate 把~委托给别人in conjunction with 连同business class 商务舱personal contract 私交set procedure 规定程序from the top down 自上而下的status symbol 身份象征better value 更合算的4.4traveling abroadoffence 冒犯get in wrong 误解automatic 习惯性的tricky 狡猾的notable 显著的main course 主食disaster 惨败aperitif 开胃酒maximum value 最大值groundwork 基础工作pitfall 陷阱fact-finding 实地考察distort 扭曲etiquette 礼节terms and conditions 条款verbal agreement 口头约定system of measurement 计量制time-conscious 有时间观念的do’s and don’ts 行为规则when in Rome do as the Romans do 入乡随俗unit five ; public relationship & corporate hospitality （企业公关）5.1 corporate cultureAssumption 假设espouse 拥护embody 体现artifact 人造物Ritual 例行习惯manifestation 表现jargon 行话Neurosis 神经官能症sweep sth under the carpet 掩盖~ Play out 履行assume 承担be aligned to 与~结合起来Day-to-day operation of the company 公司的日常运作Outperform 比~做得更好corporate image 公司形象Environmentally friendly paper 环保型纸张ethic value 道德观In large quantities 大量的trade show booth 展览摊位Spontaneous 自发的energize 使活跃onsite 现场的Outdoor events 户外运动daycare facilities 日托服务Care for people and environment 以人为本注重环境5.2 corporate imageMachinery 机器（总称）market positioning 市场定位cheery 愉快的formula 公式gimmicky 巧妙手法的噱头high-energy 耗费精力的sales pitches 销售技巧refund 退款sophisticated 成熟auto tire 汽车轮胎sponsor 发起人主办方weeding grown 婚纱market campaign 营销活动buffet 自助餐trading volume 贸易量marketing tool 营销工具readership 读者群special offer 大酬宾costume boll 化妆舞会bind people together 把人团结起来socialize 交际gala events 庆祝活动compassionate 富有同情心的succession 继位连任strengthen ties with 加强与~的联系authentically 确实的真正的5.3 corporate giftingCohesion 凝聚力attribute 品spread around 分布coaster 杯垫Key ring 钥匙圈engrave 雕刻emboss 使凸出edible 可食用的golf club 高尔夫球杆cheesecake 奶酪蛋糕crystal 水晶plaster 黏贴subtly 精致地discreetly 谨慎地recipient 接待人token 象征business etiquette 商务礼节remedy 补救aesthetics 美观的minefield 布雷区desk accessories 桌上用品entertainment ticket 招待券a framed memento 有镜框的纪念品attach importance to 对~极为重要5.4corporate sponsorshipqueue up 排队media coverage 媒体报道match up 相配exposure 曝光insidious 欺诈的brainwashing 洗脑的cultural events 文化活动take on responsibility 承担责任corporate citizen 企业公民consolidate 巩固clutter 混乱narrow down 缩小到~ amenity 设施streamer 横幅strategic area 重要位置admission ticket 入场券flyer 传单electronic scoreboard 电子记分板memento 纪念品go down the drain 失败破产complimentary 免费赠送的press release 新闻发布会exclusive sponsorship 独家赞助stand out head and shoulders above the competition 出人头地visibility 引人注目solidify 巩固5.5dress codegeek aesthetic 低级的审美观jammies 一种宽松的睡衣work-in-your-jammies 在家办公business casual wear 商务便装take off 开始流行in a big way 彻底地court shoes 与正装配的鞋funky 时髦的trainers 软运动鞋lean towards 倾向chic 别致的accountancy 会计工作technopreneur 技术企业家bastion 堡垒conservatism 保守主义jump on the bandwagon 赶时髦spell 意味着Capri pants 紧身中裤khakis 卡其布的衣服（休闲）sports jacket 粗呢夹克halter-top 三角背心cardigan jacket 开衫flip-flop 人字拖revealing attire 袒胸露背衣gym wear 运动服sloppy 邋遢的personal hygiene 个人卫生flair 天赋to go casual 便装化slovenly 懒散的pressed pants 笔直西裤loud 刺鼻的vulgar 俗气的attire 服装polished 优雅的loafers 平底鞋apparel 衣服sweat suit 运动套装sharp 利落showy 浮华5.6entertaining business clientshospitality 好客jacket 短上posture 姿势local flavor 地方风味slight 轻视rigid 严格的gourmet 美食家reserved 矜持的hustle and bustle 拥挤的insight into 对~的洞察力land a business contract 签订一笔单合同lukewarm 冷淡的cuisine 菜肴escort 护送be showered with 慷慨地赠与~unit six; company development6.1 site location and relocation（选址和迁址）excess capacity 过剩生产能力dictate 命令ample 宽敞的economy of cost 成本经济amenable 顺从的corporate tax 企业税work ethic 职业道德观material-oriented location 靠近原料地的market-oriented location 靠近市场的6.2 going globalBarrier 壁垒direct exporting 直接出direct investment 直接投资Embargo 禁止贸易令exchange control 外汇管制tariff 关税Joint venture 合资企业know-how 技licensing 许可合同交易征Political unrest 政治动乱royalty 特许使用费terminate 结束Trade restriction 贸易限制6.3 franchise （特许经营）Glaring 耀眼的deficiency 不足franchisee 被特许syrup 糖浆Down payment 订金financial statement 财务报表outlet 销售点Catering sector 餐饮业variety store 杂货铺get by 过得去day-cleaning service 干洗店6.4 meeting competitionElastic 有弹性的direct competition 直接竞differentiate 有差别Experience curve 经验曲线sporty 竞赛车型的Unit seven ; going digital and new pattern of work7.1 office automationBunk 废话kiosk 自助服务机rules-based 基于规律的Hollow 挖空co-exist 共处cyber age 网络时代tech support 技术支持mentor 顾问security system 安全系统intrusion detection 侵入检测expert hacker 黑客高leakage 泄漏word processing 文字处理flickering 闪烁reflection 反光plough into 把资金投入7.2 setting up company websitePortal 门户browse 浏览navigate 网络浏览auto responder 自动回复软件search engine 搜索引擎presence 势力customer base 顾客群leaflet 传单小册子on offer 提供deter to 遵从instant message 即时信息7.3 internet marketingCyber promotion 网上促销rebate 回赠券hard-copy 平面印刷Customize 定制synergistic 增效的intrusive 抢眼classified authorization 分级授权multi-tiered 多级的animation 动画relevant 内容适当的addition 新增产品accounting 计费authentication 认证preservative 防腐剂antiseptic 抗菌剂cornerstone 基brand recognition品牌认可度7.4 flexible patterns of workCubicle 图书馆telecommute 通讯上班blur 使模糊Interference 干扰maternity-leave 产假compatible 适合Daily log 日志paper 传呼at regular intervals 定期Clerical job 办事员工作formality 礼节copy writer 广告撰写人Win-win-strategy 双赢策略Unit eight ; business meeting s and conference8.1 starting a meetingStage 举行insular 孤立的outward looking 目光向外Disseminate 传播group-dynamic 群体热力hotelier 饭店老板Product launch 产品推介会well-informed 熟悉notify 通知Brainstorming 头脑风暴account executive 客户经理Divisiveness 分布information relay station 信息转播站Informed decision 了解后的决定implement 执行8.2 attending a meetingBudget matter 预算问题reference 参考venue 场地flat communication device 平面沟通手段contribute 提供意见regional sales managers 地区销售经理synergy 协调作用insightful opinion 独到见解adaptation 本土化重新打造absence of leadership 指挥缺位interruption of works tasks 工作不衔接8.3 giving presentationProduct presentation 产品展示massage 按摩preferably 更可取的Assertive 自信的withdrawn 怕羞的fidgety with 摆弄Mannerism 姿势irritating 让人不愉快的presenter 发言人Shop floor workers 生产第一线工人stage fright 怯场Unique selling proposition 独树一帜的品牌特色exude 表露Added interest 增加兴趣transport connection 交通便利状况Prize give-away 有奖问答8.4 trade fairs and exhibitions （会展）Portfolio 档案special interest trade show 特殊行业展会Niche exhibition 小规模展会convention 大会brewing 酿造Haematology 血液学strategic partnership 战略合作伙伴关系Conceptualise 使概念化penetrate 渗透presentable 抽象的Sales lead 销售线索competitor intelligence 对手情报Stand rental 展位租金publicity materials 宣传材料prospect机会Industrial espionage 行业刺探行为PPSPermanent post 固定工作paediatrics 儿科coddling 溺爱Veteran 老手cubicle 小隔间flipside 反面entrepreneur 企业家Covering letter 附信marital status 婚姻状况mandatory 强制性On one’s own initiative 主动地self-motivated 自我激励的Live for the moment 活在当下pilot 试点的canton 州Tanker 游轮leak 泄漏ground 搁浅tug 拖船Relocate 使重新安置地点improvise 临时做的denim 粗斜棉布Stone-washed 磨砂的allegation 断言holiday entitlement 津贴Ltd 有限公司divest 卸下blockbuster 了不起的人或事Kickoff 竞争开始paternalistic 家长式的deploy 部署Macho 大男子气概的devolve 下放charisma 领袖气质Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) 企业并购red tape 官僚作风Come to me as a light 像一束光照亮了我one-stop 一站式的Twitchy 焦躁不安flat 萧条的outlet 销售点accessories 装饰品Raw material extraction industry 原材料开采行业discreet 慎重Knowledge industry 知识产业textile industry 纺织行业Information industry 信息产业automobile industry 汽车行业Service industry 服务行业plush toy 毛绒玩具driver 驱动器Portfolio 投资组合assault 殴打buying signal 成交信息Selling point卖点hard-sell 强行推销payment terms 支付方式Word-of mouth 口头相传viral marketing 病毒营销upsurge 高涨Rewind 倒回social networking site 交友网站holistic 全盘Create a buzz 造势emotional benefit 情感利益recall rate 回忆率Blue 沮丧clear out the old stock 清仓given 考虑Legacy 遗产real estate 不动产guzzle 大量消耗Rocking house prices and soaring foodstuff prices 房价食品价飙涨Blue-chip （股票）热门的hindsight 事后聪明guru 专家Mint 完美的renew contract 延续合同tile 瓷砖All is not gold that glitters 所有发光的并不一定都是金子Pallet 托盘货板reminder 催单purchase order number 订单号Price tag 价格标签nail 铁screw 螺丝钉windscreen 挡风玻璃Make of 处理tunnel vision 井蛙之见regular staff 正式员工Distil 浓缩deviate 偏离disposal of waste 废物处理Incinerate 焚烧indecisive 优柔寡断的audit 审计Popularize 普及urgent evacuation 紧急撤离airborne troops 空头Practice what one advocates 身体力行compensation policy 赔偿Adjourn 休会延期confidentiality 保密nominate 提名Bulky庞大的unwielding 不实用的erratic 不稳定的spam 群发Prize draw 抽奖mass market 大众市场diplomatic 得体的incremental innovation 渐进性的创新stationer’s 文具店hardware store五金店furniture shop 家具店jewelry shop 珠宝店gift shop 礼品店hobby shop 玩具店upholstery shop 家居装饰店electronics shop 电子产品店optician shop 光学仪器店horticultural shop 园艺店kitchenware shop餐具店paint shop 油漆telecommunications 长途通信make a pitch 为~~做宣传aghast 吓呆reverse 颠倒dynamic 动态business angel 投资天使handle conflicts with caution 小心处理矛盾desperate 孤注一掷dovetail 使~吻合crystallize 使~成形savvy有经验的cheesy低劣bikini-clad 穿比基尼的stimulate communication ,build confidence encourage team members contribute and develop skill. achieve goal a wealth of opportunities 机会多多monotonous 单调的curb 遏制overall performance 整体表现buoyant 繁荣的monopolistic 垄断的treasury 国库alleviate 缓解dwindle 缩小preferential policy优惠政策corruption 腐败heavily taxed 税负重confiscate the wealth of the rich 没收富人财富incorruptible 廉洁embezzlement 挪用公款bureaucratic inefficiencies 官僚作风低效bridge the income gap by taxing税收缩小差tax incentives 激励税tax exemption免税sabbatical 公休infrastructure 基础设施lucrative 赚钱的refund 退款odd number 奇数even number 偶数probation 试用期global consumptionism 全球消费主义trade barrier 贸易壁垒stereotype 老套haggle 讨价还价conversation starter 开场白ramp 使~成斜面honoraria 酬金inscribed 记名的。
商务英语阅读单词unit1-unit3
Unit1demeanor[de·mean·or || dɪ'miːnə]n.举动, 行为; 风度crave[kreɪv]v.渴望获得; 恳求, 请求; 迫切需要; 渴望; 恳求, 请求found[faʊnd]v.建立; 创立, 创办; 建造; 将...建立在; 铸, 铸造; 熔制; 熔化biology[bi·ol·o·gy || baɪ'ɒlədʒɪ]n.生物学; 生物dictate[dic·tate || dɪk'teɪt]n.命令, 指令, 指挥v.口授, 使听写, 口述; 命令, 要求, 规定; 口授, 口述; 命令, 支配responsive[re·spon·sive || rɪ'spɑnsɪv /-'spɒnsɪv]adj.回答的, 易感应的, 应答的embed[em·bed || ɪm'bed]v.使插入, 深留, 使嵌入profitability[(英)ˌprɔfɪtəˌbɪlətɪn.收益性; 利益率dynamics[dy'nam·ics || -ks]n.动力学pervasive[per'va·sive || pər'veɪsɪv /pə-]adj.普遍的; 渗透的; 弥漫的all-pervasive遍及各方面的, 无孔不入的weakness[weak·ness || 'wɪːknɪs]n.虚弱, 弱点, 薄弱citizen[cit·i·zen || 'sɪtɪzn]n.市民; 公民tune[tuːn /tju-]n.曲调, 和谐, 调子v.为...调音, 调谐, 调整; 发出音乐声, 发声; 调谐; 协调, 达到一致; 调音, 定弦unconsciouslyadv.无意中; 不知不觉unit2relationship[re'la·tion·ship || rɪ'leɪʃnʃɪp]n.关系, 关联; 亲属关系; 人际关系; 姻亲关系effectiveness[ef'fec·tive·ness || -tɪvnɪs]n.效力charismatic[char·is·mat·ic || ‚kærɪz'mætɪk]adj.神赐能力的; 领袖魅力的match[mætʃ]n.比赛, 竞赛; 相配者; 对手, 敌手; 婚姻#火柴; 导火线, 火绳v.使较量, 使比赛; 和...相配, 和...相称; 敌得过, 比得上; 找到适合其它(衣物或纺织品) 的东西; 结婚; 使比较; 相配, 相适合; 检查数据项目的相似性(计算机用语)inherent[in'her·ent || ɪn'herənt /-'hɪər-]adj.固有的, 与生俱来的stereotype[ster·e·o·type || 'stɪrɪətaɪp /'ster-]n.铅版, 老套, 陈腔滥调v.使用铅版, 使一成不变, 套用老套perception[per·cep·tion || pər'sepʃn /pə'-]n.知觉, 领悟力, 感觉facilitation[fa·cil·i·ta·tion || fəsɪlɪ'teɪʃn]n.简易化; 使人方便的东西; 促进facilitate[fa·cil·i·tate || fə'sɪlɪteɪt]v.使容易; 帮助; 促进ingredient[in·gre·di·ent || ɪn'grɪːdɪənt]n.成分; 因素inspiring[in'spir·ing || ɪn'spaɪərɪŋ]adj.激励人心的; 启发灵感的competence[com·pe·tence·|| 'kɒmpɪtəns]n.胜任, 能力, 资格stability[sta·bil·i·ty || stə'bɪlətɪ]n.稳定, 稳定性; 坚定; 安定; 恒心unpretentiousˌʌnprɪˌtenʃəsadj.不骄傲的, 谦逊的attribute[at·trib·ute || ə'trɪbjuːt]n.属性; 标志, 象征; 特质, 特性; 定语v.归于, 属于campaign[cam·paign || kæm'peɪn]n.战役, 活动, 运动v.参加活动; 作战; 从事活动unit3sentiment[sen·ti·ment || 'sentɪmənt]n.感情, 心情; 情绪; 情操; 感伤, 多愁善感pope[pəʊp]n.教皇; 权威, 大师; 自诩一贯正确的人; 教区牧师revival[re·viv·al || rɪ'vaɪvl]n.苏醒; 再生; 复活; 复兴, 再流行scientific[sci·en·tif·ic || ‚saɪən'tɪfɪk]adj.科学的, 科学上的; 系统的, 精确的; 符合科学规律的; 用于自然科学的spiritual[spir·it·u·al || 'spɪrɪtʃʊəl]n.有关教会的事务; 圣歌, 灵歌adj.精神上的, 崇高的, 神圣的; 理智的aerobic eəˌrəʊbɪkadj.需氧的; 增氧健身运动的; 有氧的lip-servicen.空口的应酬; 口头上的好话populist['pɑpjəlɪst /'pɒpjʊl-]n.平民主义者, 平民论者; 民粹派intrinsic[in·trin·sic || ɪn'trɪnzɪk /-sɪk]adj.本身的; 固有的; 本质的; 内在的intrinsical [(美)[in'trinsikəl]]adj. 内在的, 固有的, 实质的dub[dʌb]v.封...为爵士; 把...叫做; 授予...称号; 给...取绰号; 配音; 授予称号; 轻点; 授与...称号, 修剪; 配音; 复制; 译制, 配入; 混录valorˌvælən.英勇; 勇猛conservative[con'serva·tive || -tɪv]n.保守者, 守旧者; 防腐剂; 保守党党员adj.保守的, 有保存力的, 守旧的integrate[in·te·grate || 'ɪntɪgreɪt]v.综合, 使成整体, 使结合; 成一体。
商务英语考试词汇「」
商务英语考试词汇「」商务英语考试词汇「集锦」导语：在商业贸易中，有些单词是从业人员必须要掌握的。
在商务英语考试中，有些单词也是必考词汇。
小编帮助大家整理所有商务英语考试词汇大全，欢迎大家阅读参考!economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分常用商务英语词汇推荐：People's Bank of China 中国人银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found, IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行商务英语高频词汇与解析：1. abandon rate 挂断率(衡量客户服务质量的指标之一，计算方式为：拨入客户服务中心的电话总数中客户因等候时间过长而挂断的电话数目占总数的百分比)例句：By choosing the right on-hold music , the company has reduced abandon rate by 50%. 通过选择合适的等待乐曲，该公司电话挂断率下降了50%。
商务英语词汇大全word精品文档43页
商务英语词汇大全（一）economist经济学家socialist economy社会主义经济capitalist economy资本主义经济collective economy集体经济planned economy计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 经济mixed economy混合经济political economy政治经济学protectionism保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户（美作:checking account）current-account holder 支票帐户（美作:checking-account holder）cheque 支票（美作:check）bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本（美作:checkbook）endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币（美作:bill）to pay （in） cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation （货币）贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股,股票,股份shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty（Paris Club）二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-TradeAssociation, CARIFTA 加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油输出国组织Commonwealth Preference Area 英联邦特惠区Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of External Trade 法国对外贸易中心People's Bank of China 中国人民银行Bank of China 中国银行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD 国际复兴开发银行World Bank 世界银行International Development association, IDA 国际开发协会International Monetary Found Agreement 国际货币基金协定International Monetary Found,IMF 国际货币基金组织European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金Bank for International Settlements, BIS 国际结算银行African Development Bank, AFDB 非洲开发银行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美国进出口银行National city Bank of New York 花旗银行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美丰银行American Express Co. Inc. 美国万国宝通银行The Chase Bank 大通银行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美开发银行European Investment Bank, EIB 欧洲投资银行Midland Bank,Ltd. 米兰银行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士联合银行Dresden Bank A.G. 德累斯敦银行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd. 东京银行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港汇丰银行International Finance Corporation, IFC 国际金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同体Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会United Nations Development Program, NUDP 联合国开发计划署United Nations Capital Development Fund, UNCDF 联合国资本开发基金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 联合国工业发展组织United Nations Conference onTrade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 粮食与农业组织, 粮农组织Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 欧洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亚洲及远东经济委员会Economic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亚经济委员会Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲经济委员会Overseas Chinese Investment Company 华侨投资公司New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 纽约证券交易所London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange 波罗的海商业和航运交易所instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three R's 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季semester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课homework 家庭作业exercise 练习dictation 听写spelling mistake 拼写错误（short） course 短训班seminar 研讨班playtime, break 课间,休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃学,旷课course （of study）学业student body 学生（总称）classmate, schoolmate 同学pupil 小学生student 大学生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor 旁听生swot, grind 用功的学生old boy 老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服teaching staff 教育工作者（总称）teachers 教师（总称）primary school teacher 小学老师teacher lecturer 大学老师professor 教授schooling 教授,授课assistant 助教headmaster 校长（女性为:headmistress）deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长dean 教务长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员beadle, porter 门房,学校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 体育教师private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师pedagogue 文学教师（蔑称）of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons （学生）上课to teach （老师）上课to study 学习to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试to test 考试to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 参加考试convocation notice 考试通知examiner 考试者board of examiners 考试团examination oral, written examination 口试,笔试question 问题question paper 试卷crib 夹带（美作:trot）to pass an examination （或exam）, 通过考试pass, passing grade 升级prizegiving 分配奖品to fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好to repeat a year 留级degree 学位graduate 毕业生to graduate 毕业project, thesis 毕业论文General Certificate of Education 中学毕业证书（美作:high school diploma）holder of the General Certificate of Education 中学毕业生（美作:holder of a high school diploma）doctorate 博士学位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试Chinese 语文English 英语Japanese 日语mathematics 数学science 理科gymnastics 体育history 历史algebra 代数geometry 几何geography 地理biology 生物chemistry 化学physics 物理physical geography 地球物理literature 文学sociology 社会学psycology 心理学philosophy 哲学engineering 工程学mechanical engineering 机械工程学electronic engineering 电子工程学medicine 医学social science 社会科学agriculture 农学astronomy 天文学economics 经济学politics 政治学commercial science 商学biochemistry 生物化学anthropology 人类学linguistics 语言学accounting 会计学law, jurisprdence 法学banking 银行学metallurgy 冶金学finance 财政学mass-communication 大众传播学journalism 新闻学atomic energy 原子能学civil engineering 土木工程architecture 建筑学chemical, engineering 化学工程accounting and statisics 会计统计business administration 工商管理library 图书馆学diplomacy 外交foreign language 外文botany 植物major 主修minor 辅修school 学校kindergarten 幼儿园infant school 幼儿学校primary school, junior school 小学secondary school 中学high school, secondary school 专科学校business school 商业学校technical school 工业学校technical college 专科学校（university） campus 大学university 大学boarding school 供膳宿的学校day school 日校,无宿舍学校,走读学校day student who has lunch at school 提供午餐的走读学生academy 专科学院faculty 系hall of residence 学校公寓classroom 教室lecture theatre 阅览室（美作:lecture theater）amphitheatre 阶梯教室（美作:amphitheater）staff room 教研室headmaster's study, headmaster's office 校长办公室（assembly） hall 礼堂library 图书馆playground 操场desk 课桌blackboard 黑板（a piece of） chalk 粉笔slate pencil 石板笔wall map 挂图skeleton map 廓图,示意图globe 地球仪text book 课本dictionary 词典encyclopedia 百科全书atlas 地图集satchel 书包exercise book 练习本rough not book 草稿本（美作:scribbling pad）blotting paper 吸墨纸tracing paper 描图纸squared paper, graph paper 坐标纸（fountain） pen 自来水笔biro, ballpoint （pen）圆珠笔pencil 铅笔propelling pencil 自动铅笔pencil sharpener 铅笔刀,转笔刀ink 墨水inkwell 墨水池rubber, eraser 橡皮ruler, rule 尺slide rule 计算尺set square 三角板protractor 量角器compass, pair of compasses 圆规Ministry of Labour 劳工部（美作epartment of Labor）labour market 劳工市场, 劳务市场Labour exchange, Employment exchange 职业介绍所（美作:Employment Bureau）labour management 职业介绍经纪人full employment 整日制工作to be paid by the hour 按小时付酬seasonal work 季节工作piecework work 计件工作timework work 计时工作teamwork work 联合工作shift work 换班工作assembly line work 组装线工作（美作:serial production）workshop 车间handicrafts, crafts 手艺, 技艺trade, craft 行当profession, occupation 职务employment, job 工作situation, post 位置job 一件工作vacancy 空缺, 空额work permit 工作许可证to apply for a job 求职, 找工作application（for a job）求职to engage, to employ 雇用work contract 劳务合同industrial accident 劳动事故occupational disease 职业病vocational guidance 职业指导vocational training 职业训练retraining, reorientation, rehabilitation 再训练, 再培训holidays, holiday, vacation 假期labour costs, labour input 劳力成本fluctuation of labour 劳力波动（美作f labor）worker 工作者permanent worker 长期工, 固定工personnel, staff 人员employee 职员clerk, office worker 办公室人员salary earner 雇佣工人workman 工人organized labour 参加工会的工人skilled worker 技术工人unskilled worker 非技术工人specialized worker 熟练工人farm worker 农场工人labourer worker 农业工人day labourer 日工seasonal worker 季节工collaborator 合作者foreman 工头trainee, apprentice 学徒工apprenticeship 学徒artisan, craftsman 工匠specialist 专家night shift 夜班shortage of labour, shortage of manpower 缺乏劳力working class 工人阶级proletarian 无产者proletariat 无产阶级trade union 工会（美作:labor union）trade unionist 工团主义者trade unionism 工团主义guild 行会,同会,公会association, society, union 协会emigration 移,移居employer 雇主,老板shop steward （工厂的）工会代表（美作:union delegate）delegate 代表representative 代表works council 劳资联合委员会labour law 劳工法working day, workday 工作日full-time employment, full-time job, full-time work 全天工作part-time employment, part-time job, part-time work 半日工作working hours 工作时间overtime 业余时间remuneration 报酬pay, wage, salary 工资wage index 工资指数minimum wage 最低工资basic wage 基础工资gross wages 全部收入net, real wages 实际收入hourly wages, wage rate per hour 计时工资monthly wages 月工资weekly wages 周工资piecework wage 计件工资maximum wage 最高工资（美作:wage ceiling）sliding scale 按物价计酬法payment in kind 用实物付酬daily wages 日工资premium, bonus, extra pay 奖励payday 发工资日, 付薪日pay slip 工资单payroll 薪水册unemployment benefit 失业救济old-age pension 退休金,养老金collective agreement 工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议retirement 退休claims 要求strike 罢工striker 罢工者go-slow 怠工（美作:slow-down）lockout 停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）staggered strike 阶段性罢工strike picket 罢工纠察队员strike pay 罢工津贴（由工会给的）strikebreaker, blackleg 破坏罢工者down tools, sit-down strike 静坐demonstration, manifestation 示威sanction 制裁unemployment 失业seasonal unemployment 季节性失业underemployment 不充分就业unemployed man 失业者（个人）the unemployed 失业者（集体）to discharge, to dismiss 辞退,开除,解雇dismissal 开除,解雇to terminate a contract 结束合同,结束契约negotiation 谈判collective bargaining 劳资双方就工资等问题谈判receptionist 接待员typist 打字员key puncher 电脑操作员stenographer 速记员telephone operator 电话接线员programmer 电脑程序员system analyst 系统分析员shorthand typist 速记打字员office girl 女记事员public servants 公务员national public servant 国家公务员local public service employee 地方公务员nation railroad man 国营铁路职员tracer 绘图员illustrator 汇稿员saleswoman 女店员pilot 驾驶员simultaneous 同时译员publisher 出版人员graphic designer 美术设计员delivery boy 送报员secretary 秘书policeman 警察journalist 记者editor 编辑interpreter 通译者director 导演talent 星探actor 男演员actress 女演员photographer 摄影师scholar 学者translator 翻译家novelist 小说家playwright 剧作家linguist 语言学家botanist 植物学家economist 经济学家chemist 化学家scientist 科学家philosopher 哲学家politician 政治学家physicist 物理学家astropologist 人类学家archaeologist 考古学家geologist 地质学家expert on folklore 俗学家mathematician 数学家biologist 生物学家zoologist 动物学家statistician 统计学家physiologist 生理学家futurologist 未来学家artists 艺术家painter 画家musician 音乐家composer 作曲家singer 歌唱家designer 设计家sculptor 雕刻家designer 服装设计师fashion coordinator 时装调配师dressmaker 女装裁剪师cutter 裁剪师sewer 裁缝师tailor 西装师傅beautician 美容师model 模特ballerina 芭蕾舞星detective 刑警chief of police 警察局长taxi driver 出租车司机clerk 店员mailman 邮差newspaper boy 报童bootblack 擦鞋童poet 诗人copywriter 撰稿人producer 制片人newscaster 新闻评论人milkman 送奶人merchant 商人florist 卖花人baker 面包师greengrocer 菜贩fish-monger 鱼贩butcher 肉贩shoe-maker 鞋匠saleswoman 女店员stewardess 空中小姐conductor 车长station agent 站长porter 行李夫car mechanic 汽车修理师architect 建筑师civil planner 城市设计师civil engineer 土木技师druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师guide导游oil supplier加油工（public） health nurse保健护士dentist牙科医生supervisor 监工forman 工头doctor医生nurse护士宏观经济的 macroeconomic通货膨胀 inflation破产 insolvency有偿还债务能力的 solvent合同 contract汇率 exchange rate紧缩信贷tighten credit creation私营部门 private sector财政管理机构fiscal authorities宽松的财政政策slack fiscal policy税法 tax bill财政 public finance财政部 the Ministry of Finance 平衡预算 balanced budget继承税 inheritance tax货币主义者 monetariest增值税 VAT （value added tax）收入 revenue总需求 aggregate demand商务英语词汇大全货币化 monetization赤字 deficit经济不景气 recessiona period when the economy of a country is notsuccessful, business conditions are bad, industrialproduction and trade are at a low level and thereis a lot of unemployment经济好转 turnabout复苏 recovery成本推进型 cost push 货币供应 money supply生产率 productivity劳动力 labor force实际工资 real wages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀 demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀 hyperinflation长期通货膨胀 chronic inflation 治理通货膨胀 to fight inflation 最终目标 ultimate goal坏的影响 adverse effect担保 ensure贴现 discount萧条的 sluggish认购 subscribe to支票帐户 checking account货币控制工具instruments of monetry control借据 IOUs（I owe you）本票 promissory notes货币总监controller of the currency拖收系统 collection system支票清算或结算 check clearing资金划拨 transfer of funds可以相信的证明 credentials改革 fashion被缠住 entangled货币联盟 Monetary Union再购协议 repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading欧元 euro公共债务 membership criteria汇率机制 REM储备货币 reserve currency劳动密集型 labor-intensive股票交易所 bourse竞争领先 frontrun牛市 bull market 非凡的牛市 a raging bull规模经济 scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-ask spreads期货（股票） futures经济商行 brokerage firm回报率 rate of return股票 equities违约 default现金外流 cash drains经济人佣金 brokerage fee存款单CD（certificate of deposit营业额 turnover资本市场 capital market布雷顿森林体系The Bretton Woods System经常帐户 current account套利者 arbitrager远期汇率 forward exchange rate 即期汇率 spot rate实际利率 real interest rates货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy银行倒闭 bank failures跨国公司 MNC （ Multi-National Corporation）商业银行 commercial bank商业票据 comercial paper利润 profit本票，期票 promissory notes监督 to monitor佣金（经济人）commission brokers套期保值 hedge有价证券平衡理论portfolio balance theory外汇储备foreign exchange reserves固定汇率 fixed exchange rate浮动汇率floating/flexible exchange rate货币选择权（期货）currency option 套利 arbitrage合约价 exercise price远期升水 forward premium多头买升 buying long空头卖跌 selling short按市价订购股票 market order股票经纪人 stockbroker国际货币基金 the IMF七国集团 the G-7监督 surveillance同业拆借市场 interbank market可兑换性 convertibility软通货 soft currency限制 restriction交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外债short term external debt汇率机制 exchange rate regime直接标价 direct quotes资本流动性 mobility of capital 赤字 deficit本国货币 domestic currency外汇交易市场 foreign exchange market国际储备 international reserve 利率 interest rate资产 assets国际收支 balance of payments贸易差额 balance of trade繁荣 boom债券 bond资本 captial资本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品交易所 commodity exchange期货合同commodity futures contract普通股票 common stock联合大企业 conglomerate货币贬值 currency devaluation通货紧缩 deflation折旧 depreciation贴现率 discount rate 归个人支配的收入disposable personal income从业人员 employed person汇率 exchange rate财政年度fiscal year企业 free enterprise国生产总值gross antional product库存 inventory劳动力人数 labor force债务 liabilities市场经济 market economy合并 merger货币收入 money income跨国公司Multinational Corproation个人收入 personal income优先股票 preferred stock价格收益比率price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率 prime rate利润 profit回报 return on investment使货币升值 revaluation薪水 salary季节性调整 seasonal adjustment 关税 tariff失业人员 unemployed person效用 utility价值 value工资 wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral收益 yield补偿贸易compensatory trade, compensated deal储蓄银行 savings banks欧洲联盟 the European Union单一的实体 a single entity抵押贷款 mortgage lending业主产权 owner''''s equity普通股 common stock无形资产 intangible assets收益表 income statement 营业开支 operating expenses行政开支administrative expenses现金收支一览表statement of cash flow贸易中的存货 inventory收益 proceeds投资银行 investment bank机构投资者institutional investor垄断兼并委员会 MMC招标发行 issue by tender定向发行 introduction代销 offer for sale直销 placing公开发行 public issue信贷额度 credit line国际债券 international bonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差 interest margin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveraged loan权利股发行 rights issues净收入比例结合net income gearing外贸中常见英文缩略词1 C2 T/T（telegraphic transfer）电汇3 D/P（document against payment）付款交单4 D/A （document against acceptance）承兑交单5 C.O （certificate of origin）一般原产地证6 G.S.P.（generalized system of preferences）普惠制7 CTN/CTNS（carton/cartons）纸箱8 PCE/PCS（piece/pieces）只、个、支等9 DL/DLS（dollar/dollars）美元10 DOZ/DZ（dozen）一打11 PKG（package）一包，一捆，一扎，一件等12 WT（weight）重量13 G.W.（gross weight）毛重14 N.W.（net weight）净重15 C/D （customs declaration）报关单16 EA（each）每个，各17 W （with）具有18 w/o（without）没有19 FAC（facsimile）传真20 IMP（import）进口21 EXP（export）出口22 MAX （maximum）最大的、最大限度的23 MIN （minimum）最小的，最低限度24 M 或MED （medium）中等，中级的25 M/V（merchant vessel）商船26 S.S（steamship）船运27 MT或M/T（metric ton）公吨28 DOC （document）文件、单据29 INT（international）国际的30 P/L （packing list）装箱单、明细表31 INV （invoice）发票32 PCT （percent）百分比33 REF （reference）参考、查价34 EMS （express mail special）特快传递35 STL.（style）式样、款式、类型36 T或LTX或TX（telex）电传37 RMB（renminbi）人币38 S/M （shipping marks）装船标记39 PR或PRC（price）价格40 PUR （purchase）购买、购货41 S/C（sales contract）销售确认书42 L/C （letter of credit）信用证43 B/L （bill of lading）提单44 FOB （free on board）离岸价45 CIF （cost,insurance补充：CR=credit贷方，债主DR=debt借贷方（注意：国外常说的debt card，就是银行卡，credit card就是信誉卡。
商务英语词汇大全
商务英语词汇大全一、基本商务术语1. 商务活动（Business Activity）2. 市场营销（Marketing）3. 销售额（Sales Revenue）4. 成本（Cost）5. 利润（Profit）6. 投资回报率（Return on Investment, ROI）7.SWOT分析（Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats）8. 目标市场（Target Market）9. 市场细分（Market Segmentation）10. 定位（Positioning）二、商务谈判术语1. 谈判（Negotiation）2. 合同（Contract）3. 报价（Quotation）4. 还价（Counteroffer）5. 成交（Close the Deal）6. 付款方式（Payment Terms）7. 交货期（Delivery Time）8. 质量保证（Quality Assurance）9. 售后服务（Aftersales Service）10. 合作伙伴（Business Partner）三、商务函电术语1. 询盘（Inquiry）2. 报盘（Offer）3. 订单（Order）4. 发票（Invoice）5. 装箱单（Packing List）6. 信用证（Letter of Credit, L/C）7. 汇票（Bill of Exchange）8. 托运单（Shipping Order）9. 提单（Bill of Lading）10. 保险（Insurance）四、人力资源术语1. 招聘（Recruitment）2. 简历（Resume）3. 面试（Interview）4. 培训（Training）5. 薪资（Salary）6. 福利（Benefits）7. 绩效考核（Performance Appraisal）8. 晋升（Promotion）9. 劳动合同（Labor Contract）10. 职业规划（Career Planning）五、企业运营术语1. 企业战略（Corporate Strategy）2. 企业文化（Corporate Culture）3. 组织结构（Organizational Structure）4. 部门（Department）5. 团队协作（Teamwork）6. 项目管理（Project Management）7. 生产计划（Production Plan）8. 供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）9. 库存（Inventory）10. 客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management, CRM）六、财务与会计术语1. 财务报表（Financial Statements）2. 资产（Assets）3. 负债（Liabilities）4. 所有者权益（Owner's Equity）5. 现金流（Cash Flow）7. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）8. 利润分配（Profit Distribution）9. 折旧（Depreciation）10. 纳税（Taxation）七、国际贸易术语1. 进口（Import）2. 出口（Export）3. 贸易壁垒（Trade Barrier）4. 关税（Tariff）5. 配额（Quota）6. 原产地证明（Certificate of Origin）7. 贸易术语（Trade Terms，如FOB、CIF等）8. 国际支付（International Payment）9. 外汇（Foreign Exchange）10. 世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization, WTO）八、市场营销策略术语1. 市场调研（Market Research）2. 产品生命周期（Product Life Cycle）3. 广告（Advertising）4. 促销（Promotion）5. 公关（Public Relations）6. 品牌战略（Brand Strategy）7. 网络营销（Internet Marketing）8. 社交媒体营销（Social Media Marketing）9. 客户满意度（Customer Satisfaction）10. 忠诚度计划（Loyalty Program）九、企业管理术语1. 领导力（Leadership）2. 决策（Decision Making）3. 风险管理（Risk Management）4. 企业伦理（Business Ethics）5. 知识管理（Knowledge Management）6. 创新能力（Innovation Capability）7. 企业形象（Corporate Image）8. 危机管理（Crisis Management）9. 持续改进（Continuous Improvement）10. 企业社会责任（Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR）十、电子商务术语2. 在线支付（Online Payment）3. 网络安全（Network Security）4. 顾客评价（Customer Review）6. 网络营销策略（Online Marketing Strategy）7. 搜索引擎优化（Search Engine Optimization, SEO）8. 率（Clickthrough Rate, CTR）9. 转化率（Conversion Rate）通过这些词汇的积累，您将能够在商务交流中更加得心应手，展现出您的专业素养和沟通能力。
商务英语阅读单词
商务英语阅读单词第一课1.illegal migrant 非法移民2.guest workers 外来工人临时工人3.unemployment rate 失业率4.immigration policy 移民政策5.permanent-resident status 永久居住权6.foreign aid 外援7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资8.private capital 私人资本9.gross domestic product 国内生产总值/doc/5016627388.html,bor mobility 人员流动11.think tank 智囊团12.trickle down benefits13.brain drain 人才外流14.Home Secretary 内政大臣15.work permits 工作许可16.immigrant visa 移民签证17.deportation program 驱逐出境18.tourism revenues 旅游收入19.hard currency 硬通货20.infrastructure projects 基础建设项目第二课1.economic inequality 经济不平等2.thought-experiment 假想3.average incomes平均收入4.industrial economies工业经济体、发达国家5.international monetary fund国际货币基金组织6.inflation-adjusted GDP 扣除涨价因素7. a line of best fit最优曲线8.global capitalism全球资本主义9.living standard生活标准10.national accounts国民账户11.absolute terms绝对价值计算12.acute poverty赤贫13.head count人口数14.consumption poverty消费贫困15.income poverty收入贫困16.national incomes国民收入17.international economic integration国际经济一体化18.free market capitalism自由市场资本主义19.household surveys家庭调查20.income distribution收入分配第三课1.fixed exchange rate 固定汇率2.trade surplus 贸易顺差3.free movement of goods货物的自由流通4.currency convertibility 货币兑换5.short-term cash flow 短期资金流6.balance-of-payments 国际收支平衡7.quota system 配额制8.special drawing rights 特别提款权9.debtor countries 债权国10.power plants 发电厂11.economic take-off 经济腾飞12.soft loans 软贷款13.member states 成员国14.trade sanctions 贸易制裁15.dispute settlement panel 争端解决委员会16.most favored nation clause 最惠国待遇17.national treatment clause 国民待遇条款18.fresh water 淡水资源19.multilateral trading system 多边贸易体系20.old gold standard 旧的金本位第四课1.structure of power 权力结构2.cold war system 冷战体系3.sphere of influence 势力范围4.regulated trade 管制贸易5.iron curtain 铁幕6.free-market capitalism自由市场资本主义7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资8.cultural homogenization 文化同质化9.technological breakthroughs 技术突破10.mass-energy equation 智能方程11.sumo wrestling 相扑12.high-tech firm 高新企业13.lose orders 失去订单14.foreign reserves 外汇储备15.long-term capital management长期资本管理16.Industry transforming 工业转型/doc/5016627388.html,munist camp 共产主义阵营18.dominant ideas 主义意识形态19.nuclear annihilation 核威慑20.export-led growth 出口导向性增长第五课1.Saving banks 储蓄银行2.per capita incomes 人均收入3.current account deficit 往来账户赤字4.inflation pressures 膨胀压力5.Equity markets 股票市场6.external inflows 外部资金流动7.credit spreads 信用差价8.long-dated futures 长期交易9.public debt-to-GDP ratios10.economic momentum 经济动力11.unfavorable investment climates 不利的投资环境12.soft patch 软补13.monetary tightening 货币紧缩/doc/5016627388.html,monwealth of Independent States独联体15.central banks 央行16.domestic demand 国内需求17.Euro depreciation 欧元贬值18.rigid labor market 刚性的劳务市场19.emerging markets 新兴市场20.long-term treasury bonds 长期的国库券第六课1.junk mail 垃圾邮件2.spam filtering software 垃圾过滤软件3.online behavior 网上行为4.virus writer 黑客5.E-tailers 电子零售商6.venture capitalists 风险投资家7.inbox 收件箱8.drafts 草稿9.sent 已发送10.trash 垃圾邮件11.forward 转发12.wireless link 无线连接13.domain name 域名14.white list 白名单15.unsolicited mails 未经请求的邮件16.miracle pills 特效药17.spam-spewing machine 大量发出垃圾邮件的机器18.cyber crime division 网络犯罪部门19.first class and business class 头等舱和商务舱20.digital locks 电子锁第七课1.Broadband internet access 宽带连接2.Social networking 网络社交3.National pi day 全国数学节4.Check e-mail 查收邮件5.Surf the web 网上冲浪6.Around the clock 夜以继日7.Hog phone lines 占用电话线8.Dial-up counterparts 发号上网的用户9.Internet-savvy youth 网络操作的年轻人10.Baby boomers 婴儿潮11.Keep blogs 更博12.Instant message 即时消息13.High-speed connections 高速连接14.Copyright scofflaws 盗用版权15.Consumer behavior 消费行为16.Lord of rings 指环王17.Advertising sponsors 广告赞助商18.Distance leaning 远程学习19.Real-life classroom 真是课堂20.Wireless carrier 无线运行商第八课1.Trade secret 商业秘密2.Mass production 大量生产3.Distribution costs 发行费用4.Regional needs 区域需求5.Sports-utility vehicles 运动型运载车6.Core technology 核心科技7.Low-value-added production 低增值生产8.Defect rate 缺陷率9.Inventory costs 存货成本装配过程10.Assembly process装配过程11.Construction-machinery maker 建筑机械生产商12.Global-positioning systems\hydraulic excavators 全球定位系统液压挖土机13.Sours loans 坏账14.Defective products 有缺陷的产品15.Flat-panel TV 平板电视16.Technological edge 技术优势17.High profit margins 高利润空间18.Electronics sector 电子行业19.Focused suppliers 集中供应商20.Liquid-crystal display panel 液晶显示屏第九课1.Apparel quota 纺织品配额2.Multi-fiber arrangement 多纤维协定3.Import licenses 进口许可证4.Market access 市场准入5.Import duty 进口关税6.Survival of the fittest 适者生存7.Anti-dumping penalty 反倾销惩罚/doc/5016627388.html,y off 下岗9.State-owned enterprises 国企10.Bargaining chip 交易筹码11.Duty-free products 免税品12.Minimum wage 最低工资13.International labor standard 国际劳工标准14.Export earnings 出口收入15.Selling point 卖点16.Severance pay 遣散费17.High-quality synthetic fiber 高品质合成纤维18.Expand capacity 夸大生产能力19.Domestic market 国内市场20.Dominant players 主导者21.Industry structure 产业结构第十课Pension funds 养老基金Treasury bonds 国库债券Mortgage 按揭Credit crunch 信贷紧缩Flood of liquidity 资金流动Business cycle 商业周期Fictitious capital 虚拟资本hypnotherapy credit 抵押信贷economic downturn 经济滑坡Looming shortage 迫在眉睫的短缺Cash hoard 现金囤积Speculative spasms 投机痉挛1.Post bubble era 后泡沫时代2.Tech stocks 科技股3.Real estate 房地产4.Price-to-earnings ratio 价格收益率5.Bond market 债券市场6.Shortage of capital 资金短缺7.Emerging markets 新兴市场8.Bank loans 银行贷款9.Foreign exchange market 外汇市场10.Capital flows 资金流11.Digit annual rates 两位数的年收益率12.Prime locations 黄金地段13.High-yield junk bonds 高收益垃圾证券14.Hot money 热钱15.Hedge fund 对冲基金16.Internet portals 门户网站17.Nikkei index 日基指数18.Oil tycoon 石油大亨19.Market bounce 市场反弹20.National debt 国债第十一课1.Independent directors 独立董事2.Accounting scandal 会计丑闻3.Shareholder value 股东利益4.Audit committee 审计委员会5.Board of supervisors 监事会6.Succession planning 继任计划7.Bookkeeping error 账目录入错误8.Lease expenses 租赁费用9.Stock options 优先股10.Risky deals 风险交易11.Gray-area accounting 灰色账目12.Board members 董事会成员13.Micromanagement微管理14.International expansion海外扩张/doc/5016627388.html,ckluster performance业绩不佳16.High-performing No.2能力超群的二号人物17.Search firms调查公司18.Top-notch directors一流董事19.Sitting CEOs在任首席执行官20.Strengths and weaknesses优缺点21.Accounting firms会计师事务所22.Buyer’s market买方市场23.Seller’s market卖方市场24.Cross-selling交叉销售第十二课1.Mobile handset 手机2.raw materials 原材料3.finished goods 制成品4.supply lines 供应线5.Assembly lines 装配线6.line production 流水生产7.lean production 精益生产8.just-in-time supply 及时供应9.Incoming parts 进货10.outgoing products 出货11.Build to order (BTO) 按客户需求下订单12.accumulated stocks 累计存货13.freight transport industry 货运业14.road-haulage companies 陆货15.Rail freight firms 铁运公司16.shipping lines of air-cargo firms 空运公司的海运线17.parcel and express-delivery services 包裹快递服务18.truck fleet 车队19.freight forwarders 货物转运20.warehouse-management firms 仓储管理公司/doc/5016627388.html,puterized production system 电算化的生产系统22.radio-frequency identification 无线射频识别第十四课1.Equity capital 股权资产2.Receivables 应收款项3.Distribution channel 分销渠道4.Top quality products 高质量产品5.Superior service 最优服务6.Cash flow 现金流7.Balance sheet 资产负债表8.Trade shows 贸易展览会9.Specialty chain stores 专卖店10.Buying decision 购买决定11.In-person sales presentation 直销12.Market entrance 市场准入13.Overseas suppliers 海外供应商14.Leadership position 领先地位15.Inventory planning 库存计划16.Defective products 残次品17.Face-to-face selling 直销18.Advertising budget 广告预算19.Press release 新闻发布会20.Founding partners 创建人21.Sales reps 推销员22.Back-up support 后备支持23.Warehouse space 厂房面积24.Tentative agreement 意向书。
自考商务英语词汇
Lesson 1exacerbated=deteriorated 恶化came into force=took effect 生效objective=purpose 目标buoyant=brisk 上涨的scope=opportunity 机会accelerating=speeding up 加速outcome=result 结果breakdown=analysis record 分类overhang=threat 威协reinforce 加强concessionary 优惠的减让的recognition=realization 认识到surplus=excess 盈余industrialization programme 工业化项目national income 国民收入volume of foreign trade 对外贸易额visible trade account 有形贸易收支invisible trade account 无形贸易收支growth rate 增长率foreign exchange 外汇trade fair 贸易展览会trade surplus 贸易顺差compensation trade 补偿贸易joint venture 合资企业planned economy 计划经济export quota 出口定额growth point 增长点high tech industries 高科技产业most favored nation status/treatment最惠国地位/待遇current account 经常项目stock taking=evaluating 盘点Production goods 生产资料customs duties 关税capital stock 实际资本infrastructure 基础设施foreign trade reserves 外汇储备customer goods 消费品saturation point 饱和点showpiece 优秀样品industrial crops 经济作物special economic zone 经济特区income tax rate 所得税税率technology transformation 技术改造technology transfer 技术转让capital equipments 资本设备preferential tax rate 优惠税率cooperative enterprise 合作企业imports of capital 资本进口services industry 服务业foreign exchange control 外汇管制capital intensive investment 劳动密集型投资Lesson 3farfetched=improbable 不大可能的nose=move slowly 缓慢的bound=heading 满载dynamic=booming 有活力的radiates=spreads 辐射bustling=booming 繁荣的surpass=exceed 超越slight=neglect 轻视bloc=group 集团laggard=backward 落后的per capita 人均preferred status 优先权competitive advantage 竞争优势trade bloc 贸易集团newly raising enterprise 新兴企业container plant 集装箱工厂consortium 国际财团bounce back 反弹free market 自由市场Lesson 4stagnated=stopped 停滞的aggregate=total 总计robust=strong 强健的meun=arrangements 安排adverse=unfavorable 不利的dampened=reduced 减小降低slackened= weakened 变缓慢deflator=index 指数curtailing=cutting off 消减catch up=competition 竞争in a row= in succession 连续的per capita income 人均收入hard currency 硬通货commodities market 商品市场portfolio investment 证券投资nominal terms 名义价constant terms 不变价debt restructuring 债务调整deinflationary policies 反通胀政策anti-inflationary monetary policy 反通胀货币政策industrial and agricultural productiobnuoyed=supported 支撑domestic demands 国内需求工农业生产Lesson 2assembled=formed 形成incentives=inducements 诱因promulgated=announced 发布couple with=together with 结合cope with=deal with 处理，应付uniform=same 统一的waive=exempt 免除afflicting=troubling 困扰的deftly=cleverly 巧妙地passage=pass 通过reaping=harvesting 收获gross national product 国民生产总值economic power 经济强国punitive import tariff 惩罚性进口关税securities and real estate markets 证券和房地产市场conglomerate 跨行业工公司private business 私人企业high tech，high wage econom高y科技高薪经济commercial hub 商业中心transfer component 资本转移部分direct investment 直接投资budget deficit 预算赤字interest rate 利率primary commodity price 初级产品价格high rates of growth 高增长率the group of seven 7 国集团workers remittance 工人侨汇monetary policies 货币政策primary goods 初级产品per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值Lesson 5retaliating=taking revenge 报复sanctions=punishments 制裁misgivings=doubt 疑惑expires=become due 期满underpinnings=evidence 根据，证据divergent=different 有分歧的seething=troubled 困惑的peeved=irritated 恼怒的mollify=relieve 减轻amenable=responsive 有责任的trade sanctios 贸易制裁trade barriers 贸易壁垒trade agreements 贸易协议government procurement 政府采购North America Free Trade Agreement 北美自由贸易协定trade priority 贸易优先权trade partner 贸易伙伴trade in deficit 贸易赤字trade discrimination 贸易歧视trade concession 贸易让步unblock 扫除……障碍stall 拖延turn up 升级live with consequence 承担后果bully 威吓instigate 挑动Lesson 6dour=severe 严厉的soured=worsened 恶化directive=instructions 指令over-nigh=suddenly 突然justifications=reasons 正当的理由wind up=end 结束skidding=reducing suddenly 急剧下降breach=breaking 违反European community 欧共体European union 欧盟the single market 统一大市场free trade zone 自由贸易区plant modernization 工厂现代化European integration 欧洲一体化economic integration 经济一体化political integration 政治一体化barrier-freed market 无壁垒市场economic benefits 经济利益anticipate 预料accomplish 完成实现stake 利害关系merger 兼并Lesson 7die down=disappear 消失foreshadows=predicts 预示capitulating=giving in 屈服geared=adapted 使……适应amplified=strengthened 增强的withstood=resisted 经受misconceived=misunderstood 设想错误的caved in=given in 屈服come up with=put forth 拿出obtain access to a market 获得市场准入机会trade reprisal 贸易报复trade representative 贸易代表import targets 进口指标fiscal packages 财政一揽子计划multilateral rules 多边规则quantifiable results 定量结果managed trade 管理贸易trade balance 贸易差额trade deficit 贸易赤字market share 市场份额white paper 白皮书bilateral surplus 双边顺差be bound to 肯定be opposed to 反对compound 加重Lesson 8poised=ready 作好准备的delve=study 钻研puts=expresses 解释trendy=fashionable 时髦的volatile=changeable 不稳定的clout=influence 影响力shuddered=trembled 战栗edge=advantage 优势eroding=disappearing 消融beset=troubled 困扰bolstered=supported 支撑siphon=draw out 抽取state of the a rt=markedly advanced 目前最先进的sprawl 规模庞大petrochemical complex 石油化工综合企业glistening 闪闪发光的jostle with 贴近eke out 勉强维持routinely 按常规chaebol 大企业集团know how 技术技能leviathan zaibatsu 大财团The lion ’s share 最大的份额antidumping 反倾销annual growth rates 年增长率investment capital 投资资本tax breaks 税额优惠financial system 金融体制embargo 禁运economic liberalization 经济自由化market force 市场力量Lesson 9was outed from=was d riven out 离开soaring=rising 上涨wary=cautious 谨慎的compromise=harm 妥协、危害materialise=realize 实现impressive=great 印象深刻unduly=excessively 过份地seesawed=rised and fell 动荡head off =prevent 阻止capacity expansion 生产能力扩张loss leader 亏本出售的商品carbon tax 双重税CECF 中国出口商品交易会impose import surcharge 征进口附加税re-export 再出口certifications of origin 产地证明书Lesson 10spur=promote 促进squandered=wasted 浪费bedeviled=perplexed 困惑的allowing for=taking … …intoconsideration 考虑到detached=disconnected 分离的pose a threat=form 形成一种威胁sensible=reasonable 合理的awkward=improper 不适宜的countervailing duty 反补贴税intellectual property rights 知识产权trade in service 服务贸易common agriculture polic共y 同农业政策on a conservative estimate据保守估计economic growth 经济增大the Uruguay round talk 乌拉圭回合谈判farm protection 农业保护Lesson 11proceeds=earnings 收入steered=introduced 引导convertible=exchangeable 可变的antiquated=old fashioned 过时tap=choose 选择camouflage=disguised 违装的perpetuate=make everlasting 持续的access=opportunity 机会convertible currency 可兑换货币debt service 偿还贷款counterpurchase 反向购买debtor nations 债务国creditor nations 债权国reformulation 重新配方franchise 特许经销权coupons 优惠券exclusive contract 独家经销合同bottler 经销商test market 试销市场market share 市场份额Lesson 13eightfold=eight times 八倍outlets=markets 市场promote sales 促销商品USDA 美国农业部luck dray 幸运抽奖competitive edge 竞争优势Lesson 14yields=profits 利润elapsed=passed 时间消逝tumble=slump 下降boost=accelerate 促进impeded=hindered 阻碍的offset=balance 分支volatility=fluctuation 价格变化spin-offs 副产品liquid assets 流动资产surplus produce 生产过剩financial futures 期货currency movements 货币流通price index 价格指数soft commodities 软商品UNCTAD 贸发会incentive=stimulus 激励monopolize= dominate 垄断discrimination=prejudice 偏见located=found 建立balance of payment 国际收支closing price 收盘价merge of banks 银行兼并brain trust 智囊团good resistance 良好的性耐性cash crops 经济作物equivalent value 等值short supply 供应短缺the world bank 世界银行productivity 生产力exchange revenue 外汇收入import duty 进口税profit remittance 利润汇款vested interests 既得利益buzzword 专业术语insolvency 破产take title 取得所有权market regulation 市场规则public tender 公开投标market power 市场动力transferor/assignor 转让人entrepreneurship 企业家精神headquarters 总部the new and expanding industry新兴工业trade balance 贸易平衡/差额The international financial institutiop n rice cutting war削价战国际金融机构currency reserves 货币储存currency exchange 货币交换clearing agreements 清算协定compensation agreements 补偿协定leverage 杠杆机构Lesson 12live up to=tally with 符合precipitate=accelerate 促成flagship=no.1 佼佼者poses=offerspony up=pay 付账gauge=judge 衡量take it hands down 轻易接受niches=status 合适的地位soft drink 软饮料retail sales 零售investment funds 投资基金export quota system 出口配额制度Lesson 15aggravated=worsened 恶化prompted=exacerbate 加剧rallied=increase after a fall 渐缓eased=fell 下跌dampened=reduced 挫伤undertone=underlying trendat origin=at the place of origin underpinned=supported 支撑spot market 现货市场futures market 期货市场base metal 贱金属precious metals 贵金属discount rate 贴现率历年。
(完整word版)自考05439考核知识点(中英版),推荐文档
自考05439考核知识点《新编商务英语泛读2》Unit 1Definition of advertising，types of advertising，advertising media，considerations in choosing media.广告的定义、类型,广告媒体（媒介）,对选择媒体的考虑。
Unit 2 The four functions of money；cashless ways of dealing with money.钱的四个功能,非现金处理钱的方式。
Unit 3 The five steps in entering business in China.在中国进入业务的五个步骤。
Unit 4 The reasons why Dell is so successful in China.戴尔在中国如此成功的原因。
Unit 5 Sources to investigate for information on employers；preparing the essential written materials，details about the resume and the cover letter.雇主的信息来源调查;准备必要的书面材料、详细的简历和求职信。
Unit 6 The definition of insurance,types of insurance.保险的定义,保险的类型。
Unit 7 The concepts behind consumers’actions；the 3 steps for the purchase process.基于消费者行为背后的概念;购买过程的3个步骤。
Unit 8 The personnel policy in management；the building up of Microsoft Co.人事政策管理;微软公司的建立。
(必过)05439商务英语阅读单词
抵押，抵押单据，抵押证明，抵押权，债权
Debenturebond
信用债券，无担保债券
Debenture
公司债券
Marketingmix：产品（product），渠道（place），价格（price），促销（promotion）
Mediacost
媒介成本
Denomination
面额；，宗派
Feature
特征；容貌；（期刊的）特辑；故事片
Invole
涉及
Maturity
成熟；完备；（票据等的）到期
Legal
法律的，合法的；n，法定权利
Legaltender
法定货币
Tender
温柔的；嫩的；n投标，（正式）提出，供应船；照看者
Limitedliabilitycompany
有限责任公司
Logistics
物流
Marketsegment
市场细分
Marketshare
市场份额
Marketingmix
营销组合
Massselling
大众推销
Middleman
中间商
Monopoly
专卖，垄断
Mutualfund
共同基金
Net asset
GNP（grossnationalproduct）
国民生产总值
Governmentbond
政府债券
Grossprofit
红利
H shares
港股，H股
Incomefunds
收益基金
Incomestatement
损益表，利润表
Industryanalyst
行业分析师
rancepolicy
商务英语词汇大全(必收藏)
商务英语词汇大全(必收藏)货币化moneｔｉzation赤字dｅficiｔ经济不景气reｃesｓiona ｐeriｏd when thｅeconomy ｏf a cｏuntｒy is not ｓuｃceｓsfｕl，bｕｓinｅss ｃonｄitｉoｎs are bad，ｉnduｓtriａｌｐroductiｏn ａnd trａｄe arｅat a lｏw leｖｅl aｎｄtｈere ｉs a lot ｏｆuneｍploymeｎｔ一个时期一个国家得经济不景气，商业环境不好,工业生产与贸易水平低与有很多失业经济好转tuｒnaｂoｕt复苏ｒecovery成本推进型cｏｓｔpush货币供应mｏnｅｙsｕpｐlｙ生产率produｃtivity劳动力lａbｏr fｏrce实际工资rｅal wａgeｓ成本推进式通货膨胀cost-ｐush inflatioｎ需求拉动式通货膨胀dｅmaｎd-pull iｎflatiｏn双位数通货膨胀doｕble- digitinflation极度通货膨胀hyperｉnflatioｎ长期通货膨胀cｈrｏnic iｎflation治理通货膨胀tｏｆiｇht ｉnｆlation最终目标ｕｌｔimate goａｌ坏得影响adｖeｒsｅeffect担保ensure贴现diｓcｏunt萧条得sｌｕggish认购subscriｂe to支票帐户chｅckiｎｇaccｏunt货币控制工具ｉｎstrumenｔs ofmoneｔry ｃｏntrol 借据IOUs(I oｗｅyou)本票promissory noteｓ货币总监contｒolleｒof thｅcurｒenｃｙ拖收系统coｌｌectiｏｎｓｙstｅm支票清算或结算chｅck clｅarｉng资金划拨ｔrａnsfｅr oｆfuｎｄs 可以相信得证明ｃredentials改革fashion被缠住enｔanｇlｅd货币联盟MonetarｙUnｉｏn再购协议repｏ精明得讨价还价交易hｏrｓｅ-tradｉng 欧元eｕｒｏ公共债务meｍbeｒship cｒiterｉａ汇率机制REM储备货币ｒesｅrｖe ｃurrｅncｙ劳动密集型lａbor－intｅｎsive贡交易所bｏｕｒse竞争领先frｏntrun牛市bｕll maｒｋeｔ非凡得牛市 a raｇiｎg bｕll规模经济scale econｏｍcｉｅs买方出价与卖方要价之间得差价bid-asｋspreads 期货(贡) fuｔｕreｓ经济商行broｋerage firm回报率rate of ｒetｕrn贡ｅquitiｅs违约dｅfａulｔ现金外流cash drains经济人佣金ｂｒokeragｅｆee存款单CD（certｉficaｔe of deｐoｓit营业额ｔurnｏver资本市场cａpiｔａl marｋet布雷顿森林体系Ｔhe Bretｔon WoodsSysｔｅm 经常帐户cｕｒrent acｃｏunｔ套利者ａrbitrager远期汇率forｗarｄexｃhanｇｅrate即期汇率spoｔrａｔe实际利率rｅal inｔerｅｓt rates货币政策工具tｏols of ｍonetarypolｉcy银行倒闭ｂank failures跨国公司ＭNC ( Muｌtｉ－ＮａtｉｏｎａｌCorporａtｉon) 商业银行ｍeｒcｉal bank商业票据erｃｉaｌpaper利润prｏfit本票,期票prｏmissｏry nｏtes监督to ｍonitoｒ佣金(经济人）ｍｉssion brokers套期保值hedge有价证券平衡理论poｒｔfolio balancｅｔheorｙ外汇储备foreign ｅxｃhangｅｒeseｒves固定汇率fixed exchangｅrate浮动汇率fｌoatｉng/fleｘibleexｃｈａngｅｒaｔe货币选择权(期货) currｅnｃy oｐtｉon套利arbiｔraｇe合约价eｘｅrcise prｉce远期升水forward prｅmium多头买升buyiｎg long空头卖跌sｅllｉng ｓhort按市价订购贡marｋet ｏrdｅr贡经纪人ｓｔockbrokｅr国际货币基金the ＩＭF七国集团tｈe Ｇ-7监督sｕｒveillaｎｃe同业拆借市场inｔerｂａnk mａrｋet可兑换性conｖｅｒtｉｂiliｔｙ软通货sofｔｃurrｅncy限制ｒesｔｒicｔiｏn交易tｒansacｔiｏn充分需求aｄｅquａｔｅdｅmanｄ短期外债sｈort term ｅｘteｒｎaldebt 汇率机制ｅxcｈaｎge rａtｅregime直接标价direct ｑuotes资本流动性mobｉlity ｏf capital赤字defiｃit本国货币doｍeｓtiｃcuｒrencｙ外汇交易市场foreigｎexcｈaｎｇｅmａｒket 国际储备inteｒｎaｔioｎal reｓervｅ利率ｉntｅrｅｓt rａｔe资产assetｓ国际收支balａnce of pａymeｎts贸易差额balance of trade繁荣boom债券ｂonｄ资本captial资本支出captiａl expenditures商品modiｔieｓ商品交易所moditｙｅｘcｈange期货合同modｉty ｆutuｒeｓｃｏntracｔ普通贡mon stock联合大企业coｎglｏｍｅrａte货币贬值ｃurrency devaluation通货紧缩ｄｅfｌatｉon折旧depreciatｉon贴现率dｉsｃounｔratｅ归个人支配得收入ｄｉｓpｏsable personaline 从业人员eｍployed persｏn汇率ｅxchａｎge rate财政年度fiscａl yeaｒ企业free ｅnterprｉse国生产总值grｏss aｎtionａlｐroｄucｔ库存iｎｖentoｒｙ劳动力人数labor forｃｅ债务ｌiabｉｌitiｅs市场经济market eｃｏnomｙ合并meｒger货币收入money ｉnｅ跨国公司MultinａtionalCorproation个人收入ｐｅrｓonal iｎe优先贡preferreｄstoｃｋ价格收益比率pｒｉｃe-earninｇratｉo 优惠贷款利率pｒiｍe rate利润profit回报reｔｕrｎｏn investmｅｎt使货币升值reｖaluation薪水sａlary季节性调整ｓｅasonaｌaｄjusｔment 关税tａriff失业人员uneｍｐlｏyed perｓoｎ效用utility价值ｖaｌｕe工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-price sｐiｒal 收益yiｅld补偿贸易ｐenｓatｏry ｔrade，pensaｔeｄdeal 储蓄银行sａvings ｂanks欧洲联盟the Eｕropean Ｕniｏn单一得实体a ｓinｇｌe eｎtity抵押贷款ｍortｇagｅlenｄinｇ业主产权ｏwｎer＇＇＇'ｓequｉｔy普通股mon ｓｔoｃｋ无形资产ｉｎtａnｇｉble ａssetｓ收益表iｎe ｓtａｔemenｔ营业开支ｏｐｅratinｇｅxｐenses行政开支aｄmｉｎisｔratiｖeｅｘpenses现金收支一览表ｓtatement of caｓhflow贸易中得存货inｖentory收益proceeds投资银行iｎvestmenｔbａｎｋ机构投资者inｓtｉtutionaｌｉnvesｔoｒ垄断兼并委员会ＭMＣ招标发行issue by tenｄｅr定向发行introduction代销ofｆer foｒsale直销pｌacinｇ公开发行pｕbliｃissue信贷额度ｃreｄｉt lｉｎe国际债券ｉntｅrnａtiｏnal ｂｏnds欧洲货币Euｒｏｃurｒency利差ｉnteresｔmargｉn以所借得钱作抵押所获之贷款levｅraｇed loan权利股发行rigｈts issuｅs净收入比例结合net ｉｎｅｇearinｇ外贸中常见英文缩略词2 Ｔ/T(telegｒaｐhic transｆer)电汇３D／P(ｄｏcuｍent agａｉnst paymｅnt)付款交单4 Ｄ/A (doｃumeｎt agaｉnｓtaｃceptance）承兑交单5 C、O (certificａte of ｏｒiｇin)一般原产地证６G、S、P、(generａlｉzeｄｓｙstem ofprefereｎcｅs)普惠制7 CＴN/CＴNＳ（carton/cａｒtｏｎs)纸箱8 PＣE/PCS(ｐｉｅcｅ/pieces)只、个、支等9 ＤL/DLS(ｄolｌaｒ/dｏｌlars)美元1０DＯZ/DZ(doｚen)一打１１ＰKＧ(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等12 WＴ（ｗｅｉｇht)重量1３G、W、(ｇrosｓweiｇｈt）毛重14 N、W、(net weighｔ)净重１５Ｃ/Ｄ(ｃustｏms declaｒatｉoｎ)报关单１６EA(each）每个,各17 W (wｉth)具有18 w/o(ｗithoｕt)没有19 ＦAＣ(facsiｍｉle）传真20 ＩMP(ｉｍport)进口21 ＥＸＰ（eｘｐort)出口22 MAＸ(mａxｉmum)最大得、最大限度得2３ＭIN (mｉnimｕｍ）最小得，最低限度24 Ｍ或MEＤ(medium)中等,中级得25 M/Ｖ(mｅrchant vesｓｅl）商船26 S、S(sｔeamshiｐ）船运27 MT或M/Ｔ（ｍetric ton)公吨2８ＤＯC (dｏcument）文件、单据2９INT(ｉntｅrnatiｏnaｌ）国际得３0 P/L (pacｋing liｓt)装箱单、明细表３1 IＮV (iｎvｏiｃe）发票32 PCT （pｅrcent）百分比33 ＲEF (ｒｅference)参考、查价34 EMS (exｐrｅss mａｉl special）特快传递３5 STL、（sｔyle)式样、款式、类型36 T或LTX或ＴX(telｅx)电传37 RMB（reｎminｂｉ)人币38 Ｓ/M (sｈｉpping marｋs）装船标记39 PＲ或PRＣ(price）价格４0 PＵR (purchase)购买、购货41 S／C(sales contｒact）销售确认书４2 L/Ｃ(lｅｔｔeｒoｆcｒedｉt)信用证43 B／L (bill ｏf lａdｉｎg)提单４4 FOB （ｆree on ｂｏard)离岸价45 ＣＩF (ｃost,insuraｎce and Frｅiｇｈt)补充:ＣR＝ｃredit贷方,债主DR=debｔ借贷方（注意:国外常说得ｄebt caｒd,就就是银行卡，cｒedit carｄ就就是信誉卡。
商务英语常用词汇大全
商务英语常用词汇大全(2) 商务英语常用词汇大全商务英语必背英语单词to terminate a contract 结束合同,结束契约negotiation 谈判collective bargaining 劳资双方就工资等问题谈判receptionist 接待员typist 打字员key puncher 电脑操作员stenographer 速记员telephone operator 电话接线员programmer 电脑程序员system analyst 系统分析员shorthand typist 速记打字员office girl 女记事员public servants 公务员national public servant 国家公务员local public service employee 地方公务员nation railroad man 国营铁路职员tracer 绘图员illustrator 汇稿员saleswoman 女店员pilot 驾驶员simultaneous 同时译员publisher 出版人员graphic designer 美术设计员delivery boy 送报员secretary 秘书policeman 警察journalist 记者editor 编辑interpreter 通译者director 导演talent 星探actor 男演员actress 女演员photographer 摄影师scholar 学者translator 翻译家novelist 小说家playwright 剧作家linguist 语言学家botanist 植物学家economist 经济学家chemist 化学家scientist 科学家商务英语必备实用词汇philosopher 哲学家politician 政治学家physicist 物理学家astropologist 人类学家archaeologist 考古学家geologist 地质学家expert on folklore 俗学家mathematician 数学家biologist 生物学家zoologist 动物学家statistician 统计学家physiologist 生理学家futurologist 未来学家artists 艺术家painter 画家musician 音乐家composer 作曲家singer 歌唱家designer 设计家sculptor 雕刻家designer 服装设计师fashion coordinator 时装调配师dressmaker 女装裁剪师cutter 裁剪师sewer 裁缝师tailor 西装师傅beautician 美容师model 模特ballerina 芭蕾舞星detective 刑警chief of police 警察局长taxi driver 出租车司机clerk 店员mailman 邮差newspaper boy 报童bootblack 擦鞋童poet 诗人copywriter 撰稿人producer 制片人newscaster 新闻评论人milkman 送奶人实用的商务英语词汇merchant 商人florist 卖花人baker 面包师greengrocer 菜贩fish-monger 鱼贩butcher 肉贩shoe-maker 鞋匠saleswoman 女店员stewardess 空中小姐conductor 车掌station agent 站长porter 行李夫car mechanic 汽车修理师architect 建筑师civil planner 城市设计师civil engineer 土木技师druggist, chemist, pharmacist 药剂师guide 导游oil supplier 加油工(public) health nurse 保健护士dentist 牙科医生supervisor 监工forman 工头doctor 医生nurse 护士。
商务阅读词汇
Unit11. 绝对的；毋庸置疑地by a long shot2. n. 收入；收益；财政收入revenue3. n. 赞扬；表扬；奖励；奖赏；荣誉accolade4. adj. 最初的；开头的initial5. n. 地盘；势力范围turf6. adv. 戏剧性地；引人注目地dramatically7. n. 风景；景色landscape8. n.（巨大）物体；主体；绝大部分bulk9. v. 注射；注入inject10. v. 提高；提升elevate11. n. 博爱；慈善活动；慈善事业philanthropy12. n. 展示；陈列display13. v. 放置或保存某物于…enshirne14. adj. 迅速发展；繁荣昌盛的booming15. n. （有长柄的）大锤sledgehammer16. n. 迟钝懒散者；涣散的机构laggard17. n. 附属企业；分公司affiliate18. n. （计算机的）外围设备；周边设备peripheral19. adj. 平稳的posied20. v. 利用；开发；发掘tap21. v. 抵消；补偿offset1. 家用电器household appliance2. 白色商品；大件家用电器white-goods3. 海尔集团Haier Group4. 哈佛商学院Harvard’business school5. 市场经济改革market economic reforms6. 原意为传说，在此指联想集团的前公司标志Legend7. 世界贸易组织World Trade Organization8. 陈明哲全球著名企业竞争战略专家Ming-Jer Chen9. 弗吉尼亚大学University of Virginia10. 《中国经商指南》Inside Chinese Business11. 分销网络distribution network12. 海尔中建Haier-CCT Holdings13. 世界500强企业500-largest companies14. 国内收购domestic acquisitions15. 耐克Nike16. 戴尔Dell17. 爱立信公司Ericsson18. 蓝业无线科技Bluetooth wireless technology19. （产品等的）研究和开发R&B: research and development1.n. 本土化localization2.V. 认出；识别identify3.Adj. 可用的或可得到的available4.Prep. 在…之前prior5.N. 可变因素variables6.Adj. 互相关联的interrelated7.Adj. 全面的；彻底的；透彻的exhaustive8.N. 能力；才能capacity9.N. 分销商；经销商distributor10.在最前面；预先up front11.N. 好转；起色turnaround12.N. 过犹不及；做得过火的事overkill13.N. 加价；溢价premium14.Adj. 无法察觉的；无法发现的undetectable15.Adj. 很少的infrequent16.Adv. 越来越快地exponentially17.V. 引诱；诱惑；怂恿tempted18.N. 摊贩；（房屋等的）卖主vendor19.N. 实行；执行execution1.行政管理executive management2.阿尔巴尼亚语Albanian3.祖鲁语Zulu4.质量评价QA: Quality Assessment5.付现成本；实付成本；现付成本out of pocket cost6.知识产权IP:intellectual property7.译码存储器translation memory8.桌面出版DTP: desktop publishing9.商标TM10.增值value-addedUnit21.v. 给…题名；给…称号；使有资格做某事entitle2.n. 信用证；缓付款的期限；期限；信誉；赊购限度credit3.n. 收支差额；余额balance4.v. 循环出现revolve5.n. 户头；账目account6.n. 证实；验证；核对；确认verification7.n. 终端；极限terminal8.n. 贷借对照表；财务报告书；陈述；声明书statement9.adj. 未付的；未解决的；著名的outstanding10.adj. 最小的；最低的；最低限度的minimum11.n. 比；比率；部分proportion12.v. 扣除；减除deduct13.v. 搁置；延期进行waive14.n. 处理；执行；交易；事务transaction15.adj. 精确的；清晰的；给好的precise16.n. 计算；计算出来的结果calculation17.n. 方程式formula18.Adj. 复杂的；混乱的complicated19.Adj. 复合的；多重的；复杂的；倍数的multiple20.N. 分区化；独立的部分compartmentalization21.Adj. 刺激性的；鼓励性质的；诱发的incentive22.N. 分配；配给；配置allocation23.N. 判断（力）；辨别（力）；慎重；谨慎discretion24.N. （广告）传单；飞行物flyer25.N. 下侧；向下的走向；趋势downside26.V. 到期；届满expire27.N. 信用额度恢复reinstatement28.v. 引致incur29.v. 违约default30.Adj. 合法的；合理的；真实的legitimate31.N. 前提premises32.N. 佣金commission33.N. 颠倒；逆转；反复；相反reversal34.N. 身份证明；识别；证实；核对identification1.ISO 7810 standard 国际标准化组织7810标准2.EMV：Eurpay、MasterCard、VISA3.APR：Annual Percentage Rate 年百分率4.Average daily balance(ADB) 日均结余5.RRFC or residual retail finance charge 剩余单笔资金费用6.grace period 宽限期7.Nordic countries 北欧国家8.ID card: identity card 身份证1.n. 器具；设备；装置appliance2.N. 便利；方便convenience3.N. 辩护律师；事务律师；代理人attorney4.N. 窘迫；困惑；为难embarrassment5.Adj. 新颖的；珍奇的novel6.N. 选择；选择权option7.v. 捕获；夺得；俘获capture8.N. 忠诚；忠实loyalty9.v. 集中pool10.N. 用户subscribers11.N. 顾客；客户clients12.造纸原料paper stock13.N.一时流行的风尚；狂热一时的爱好fad14.N. 代价券；代币token15.N. 胶片；赛璐珞片celluloid16.N. 撤销（国家对经济的）管制deregulation1.帝国大厦Empire State Building2.支付账户charge account3.美国运通国际股份有限公司American Express4.威士国际组织VISA: Visa International Service Association5.《不列颠百科全书》Encyclopedia Britannica6.万事达卡MasterCard7.美国最高法院the U.S. Supreme Court8.发生在1996年的斯米利诉花旗银行案件Smiley vs. CitibankUnit31.v. 繁荣；昌盛；成功prosper2.N. (常用pl)胶底运动鞋sneaker3.V. 超出；超过（经验、理性、信念等）transcend4.N. 发起者；主办者sponsor5.V. 包装；打包package6.招人喜爱的应用程序killer app7.Adj. 潜在的；预期的prospective8.Adj. 值得注意的；显著的noteworthy9.达成协议；妥协；让步come to terms with10.Adj. 接近的；附近的adjacent11.N. 咨询者；查阅者；（受咨询的）顾问；专员consultant12.N. （绘在神像头上的）光环；（环绕日月的）晕轮halo13.擦掉；消除rub off14.V. 增大；加大；增高；赞扬；抬高aggrandize15.Adj. 妄自尊大的；自大狂的megalomaniacal16.N. 议事日程；待办事程（表）agenda17.N. 感觉；感受；体会；理解力；洞察力；直觉perception18.经济状况好的；富裕的better off19.N. 标志；标签；商标logo20.N. 术士；男巫；变魔术的人wizard1.《你就是品牌》The Brand Called You2.自己创办自己的公司Me Inc: Inc 是Incoperate的缩写3.美国时装界一大品牌Tommy Hilfiger4.通用汽车公司（GM）General Motors5.通用磨坊公司（General Mills,NYSE:GIS）General Mills6.通用电气公司General Electrics7.通用动力公司General Dynamics8.美国宝洁公司（P&G）Procter&Gamble9.所有的工作，无论大小，其实都是由一个个微小的项目组成的。
《商务英语词汇表》word版
商务英语词汇表1. abandon v.舍弃；抛弃2. list n.倾侧；表,一览表；3. numerous a.众多的,许多的,无数的4. monopoly n.垄断,专利5. aboard ad.船<飞机>上；上船,登机6. lively a.生动的,活泼的7. nylon n.尼龙8. mood n.情绪,心情9. absolute a.绝对的；专制的；完全的10. load v.&n.装；加载；负载11. object n.物,物体；目标；客体12. mop v.擦,洗,抹13. accident n.事故14. local a.地方的；区域的15. objective a.&n.客观的；目标16. mortgage n.&v.抵押17. accomplish v.完成18. location n.定位；位置19. oblige v.迫使20. motel n.汽车旅客旅馆21. accountant n.会计22. lodging n.寄宿,住宿23. observe v.观察24. motive n.&a.动机；发动的25. account receivable 应收帐款26. long-distance a.长途的27. obtain v.获得；买到28. mount v.登,爬上；装上29. acknowledgement n.承认；告知收到30. loosen v.放松；<解,松>开31. occasion n.原因,理由；需要；场合；情况32. movement n.运动,移动；<社会>运动33. acre n.英亩34. loss n.丧失；亏损35. occupation n.行业；职业36. multitude n.众多,大群37. active a.积极的38. loyal a.忠诚的39. occurrence n.发生,出现40. muscular a.肌肉发达的,强健的41. adapt v.适应；改编42. lubricate v.润滑43. odour n.气味44. mysterious a.神秘的；帮弄玄虚的45. adequate a.足够的,恰当的46. lumber v.伐木47. office n.办公室48. namely ad.即,就是49. admit v.让…进入,接纳；容纳50. luxurious a.奢侈,豪华,昂贵1. omission n.省略；删去2. narration n.叙述3. advance n.&v.进展；前进4. machinery n.<总称>机械,机器5. only a.&ad.仅仅,只6. natural a.天然的,本来的7. advantage n.优点；优越性8. magnificent a.壮丽的,华丽的9. open an account 开户10. nearby a.&ad.附近的,在附近11. advertisement n.广告12. magnitude n.巨大；量值大小13. openly ad.公开地14. necessarily ad.必定,必然,当然15. agenda n.议事日程16. main a.最主要的,最重要的17. operator n.操作人员18. necessity n.需要,必要性19. agreement n.一致；协议20. maintain v.保持；维持21. opportunity n.机会22. needle n.针23. alike a.相像的24. major a.较大的；较多的；较重要的25. opposite a.对立的,相对的26. negative a.否定的；反的；负的27. ally n.&v.同盟；使结盟28. make v.造,制作,使…29. optional a.可以任选的30. negotiate v.谈判；疏通31. altogether ad.完全；总共32. manager n.经理；管理人33. ore n.矿石34. neighbourhood n.邻接；邻居关系；地区35. ambition n.志向,抱负；野心36. manipulate v.操纵,摆布37. organize v.组织起来38. net a.网39. amuse v.逗乐40. mansion n.大厦41. ornament n.&v.装饰物；装饰42. nevertheless ad.&conj.不过；然而43. anchor n.锚v.抛锚,固定44. manufacture v.<大量>制造,加工45. ounce n.盎司46. nickel n.镍币,镍47. announce v.宣布,宣告48. manufacturer n.制造商；制造厂49. outdoors a.户外的,野外的50. nominate v.提名,命名1. anyhow ad.无论如何,不管怎样2. marine a.&n.海上的,海运业3. outlet n.输出口；销路；引出线4. none pron.没有人5. apartment n.<一套>住宅<住房>6. market n.市场,行情7. outlook n.眼界,景色8. normally ad.正常地9. appeal v.呼吁；有吸引力10. marvelous a.惊人的,奇迹般的11. outstanding a.杰出的12. notation n.标志13. application n.申请,申请书14. mask n.面罩15. overall a.全面的,总体的16. notice v.注意到17. appreciate v.感激；欣赏18. massive a.庞大的19. overestimate v.估计过高20. nought n.零,无21. approve v.赞成,批准22. masterpiece n.杰作,名作23. overlap v.重迭24. novel a.新颖的25. arise v.起来；发生,起因于26. mate n.&v.伙伴,助手,配偶；交配27. overlook v.监督；指导28. nowhere ad.任何地方都不29. arrive v.到达,抵达某地30. mature a.成熟的31. overseas a.海外的32. null a.无效的,等于零的33. Asian a.亚洲的34. meadow n.草地,牧场35. owe v.欠；归功于36. abide v.遵守,坚持<by>37. assent v.同意；赞成；认可38. means n.方法,手段39. ownership n.所有权40. abroad ad.到国外,在国外41. assignable a.可转让的；可过户的42. meantime ad.与此同时43. pace n.<一>步,步态<调>44. abundant a.充裕的45. associate v.联系；交往46. measure v.&n.测量；量度47. pack v.包,捆48. accommodation n.<舱室、床位等>招待设施；调停49. assure v.使确信,保证50. mechanic n.机修工,机械工1. packet n.小包,袋2. account n.帐目,##3. attempt v.尝试；试图4. medal n.奖章,勋章5. painting n.绘画,油画6. accounting n.会计学；清算帐目7. attest v.证实；证明8. medicine n.<内服>药9. pamphlet n.小册子10. achieve v.获得<胜利>,达到<目的>11. attractive a.有吸引力的,动人的12. melt v.熔化,融化,溶解13. paper n.纸14. acquaintance n.了解；熟人15. auditor n.审计员；查帐员16. memorial n.纪念物；纪念碑17. paragraph n.段落18. act v.&n.行动；行为,动作19. authorization n.授权；批准20. memorandum n.便笺；备忘录21. memo n.便笺；备忘录22. parcel n.小包；邮包23. actually ad.实际上24. available a.可用的25. mention v.提及,说起26. parliament n.<英>下议院,国会27. in addition to 除…以外28. averse a.不愿意的；嫌恶的29. merchandise n.&v.商品；经商30. partial a.偏袒的；部分的31. adjust v.调整,校准32. awfully ad.异常,非常33. mercury n.水银34. particular a.特殊的,特别的35. admission n.接纳,收容,允许进入36. baggage n.行李37. mess n.混乱,一团糟38. particularly ad.特别,尤其39. advance payment 预付货款40. banking n.银行业；金融41. metal n.金属42. party n.聚会43. adverse a.逆的,相反的；不利的44. bargain v.&n.计价还价,成交；买卖合同45. metre n.公尺,米46. passenger n.乘客,旅客47. affect v.影响；感动48. battery n.炮组；电池49. mighty a.强有力的50. passport n.护照1. agency n.代理处,代办处2. beach n.海滩,湖滨3. mild a.温和,温柔的4. patent n.&a.专利<权>,专利的5. aid n.援助；辅助6. beginning n.开端,开始7. mill n.磨坊；工厂8. patron n.保护人；赞助人9. alloy n.合金10. behavior n.行为,表现11. millionaire n.&v.定金；存款；沉淀12. pause n.&v.暂停,中止13. alternative a.选择的 n.可供选择的方法14. beneath prep.&ad.在下方15. mineral n.矿物,无机物；<pl.>矿泉水16. pavement n.人行道17. amateur n.&a.业余的,非专业的；业余活动者18. bet v.打赌19. minimum n.最小值20. payment n.支付,付款21. amicable a.友善的,和平的22. bind v.凝结,凝固23. minor a.较小的,较少的24. peculiar a.特别的；奇异的25. analysis v.分析26. blend v.&n.混合,掺合27. minus a.&prep.负的,减；负号28. pedlar n.小贩29. angle n.角30. bond n.联结,结合,约束31. minutes n.会议记录32. penetrate v.穿过,透过,渗透过33. anticipate v.预期；预先…34. bound v.跳跃,弹起,边界35. missing a.失去的,失踪的,失落的36. penny n.分<美国辅币>37. apparatus n.器械；仪器；装置38. branch n.树枝,分枝39. misunderstand v.误解40. perceive v.察觉,领悟41. apology n.道歉,认错42. broad a.广阔,宽的,辽阔43. mobile a.灵活多变的,机动的44. perfect a.完美的；完全的45. appendix n.附录；附庸；盲肠46. broker n.经马人,掮客47. model n.模型48. performance n.演出；性能49. appoint v.任命,指定50. brush v.&n.刷子；画笔1. agency n.代理处,代办处2. beach n.海滩,湖滨3. mild a.温和,温柔的4. patent n.&a.专利<权>,专利的5. aid n.援助；辅助6. beginning n.开端,开始7. mill n.磨坊；工厂8. patron n.保护人；赞助人 9. alloy n.合金10. behavior n.行为,表现11. millionaire n.&v.定金；存款；沉淀12. pause n.&v.暂停,中止13. alternative a.选择的 n.可供选择的方法14. beneath prep.&ad.在下方15. mineral n.矿物,无机物；<pl.>矿泉水16. pavement n.人行道17. amateur n.&a.业余的,非专业的；业余活动者18. bet v.打赌19. minimum n.最小值20. payment n.支付,付款21. amicable a.友善的,和平的22. bind v.凝结,凝固23. minor a.较小的,较少的24. peculiar a.特别的；奇异的25. analysis v.分析26. blend v.&n.混合,掺合27. minus a.&prep.负的,减；负号28. pedlar n.小贩29. angle n.角30. bond n.联结,结合,约束31. minutes n.会议记录32. penetrate v.穿过,透过,渗透过33. anticipate v.预期；预先…34. bound v.跳跃,弹起,边界35. missing a.失去的,失踪的,失落的36. penny n.分<美国辅币>37. apparatus n.器械；仪器；装置38. branch n.树枝,分枝39. misunderstand v.误解40. perceive v.察觉,领悟41. apology n.道歉,认错42. broad a.广阔,宽的,辽阔43. mobile a.灵活多变的,机动的44. perfect a.完美的；完全的45. appendix n.附录；附庸；盲肠46. broker n.经马人,掮客47. model n.模型48. performance n.演出；性能49. appoint v.任命,指定50. brush v.&n.刷子；画笔1. modify v.修饰；更改；缓和2. periodical n.期刊3. approach v.接近；与…打交道4. bulk order 大宗订购5. molecule n.分子6. permission n.答应；允许7. argue v.争辩8. bureau n.局,署,处9. monitor v.班长10. perpetual a.永久的,永恒的11. arrange v.安排12. buy v.买13. ability n.能力；才能14. personal a.个人的；亲自的15. article n.冠词16. calculate v.计算,核算,打算17. absence n.缺席；缺乏18. personnel n.全体人员,全体职员19. can n.能20. accept v.接受21. persuade v.说服22. asset n.<单项>财产23. candy n.糖果24. accompany v.交往；同伴25. pest n.害虫,瘟疫26. assist v.协助27. capital n.首都；省会28. on account of 因为,由于29. petroleum n.石油30. assume v.承担；呈现31. career n.生涯32. accounts payable 应付帐款33. phenomenon n.现象；奇迹34. atmosphere n.大气,大气层；氯氛35. carry v.运送；手提,肩挑36. achievement n.功绩；成就37. phrase n.短语；警句38. attendant n.服务员,侍者39. in case 万一；在…情况下；以防40. acquire v.获得,学到<知识等>41. picnic n.野餐42. attract v.吸引43. cast v.投掷44. action n.行动；作用45. pillar n.柱子46. audience n.听众,观众；倾听；<正式>接见47. caution n.&v.谨慎,慎重48. ad n.广告49. pioneer n.先锋50. authority n.权威,权力1. censor n.监察员2. address v.&n.演说；讲话3. piston n.活塞4. automatic a.自动化的5. central a.中心的,中央的6. administration n.管理；行政机关<署,局>7. plan n.计划8. average n.&a.平均<的>9. certain a.一定的 pron.某几个,某些10. adopt v.采纳11. pleasure n.愉快；满足12. award v.授予13. challenge v.&n.挑战14. advanced a.先进的；高级的15. plug n.塞子；插头16. background n.背景17. chapter n.章,回18. advertise v.做广告,宣扬19. P.M. ad.下午,午后20. p.m. ad.下午,午后21. band n.一帮,一伙22. chart n.海图；图表23. afford v.提供；出产；付得起24. poll n.&v.投票数；投票,民意测验25. banquet n.宴会26. cheque n.支票27. agreeable a.同意的；一致的；令人愉快的28. pollution n.污染29. basement n.地下室30. choice n.选择,挑选31. airmail n.航空32. population n.人口33. bazaar n.集市,市场34. circular a.圆形的,循环的35. allowance n.津贴,补助<费>36. portable a.轻便的37. because of 因为38. citizen n.公民,市民39. altitude n.<海拔>高度40. positive a.积极的41. on behalf of 代表,为了42. classify v.分类43. amaze v.使惊异44. possession n.占据,占有45. belong to vi.属于46. climate n.气候47. amount n.&v.合计；总数；相当于48. possibly ad.可能地；也许49. beneficial a.有益的50. club n.俱乐部 1. analyse v.分析,分解2. postage n.邮费3. bid v.表达；喊价；叫牌<体>4. coin n.&v.硬币；铸币5. anniversary n.周年纪念6. potential a.&n.潜在的,潜力；可能的,电压7. blame v.责备,责难8. collective n.集体9. anxious a.焦急的,担心的；渴望的10. power n.强权,权力11. board n.会议桌,全体委员,委员会12. comfortable a.舒服的13. apart ad.分开,离开14. precede v.高于…；先于…15. border n.边界16. commerce n.商业,贸易17. apparent a.明显的；表面的；外观的18. precise a.精确的,精密的；严谨的19. bow v.鞠躬；点头20. commodity n.日用品21. applicant n.申请者22. predominant a.主要的,占优势的23. brief a.简短的,短暂的24. communicate v.传递,传送；通信25. appointment n.约定,约会26. prefer v.更喜欢,宁愿27. brochure n.小册子28. companion n.同伴；同事29. approval n.赞同,批准30. preferential a.偏重的31. bronze n.青铜,古铜32. comparison n.比较,对照33. argument n.论据34. prepare v.准备；预备35. bulb n.电灯泡36. competition n.竞赛37. arrangement n.安排；筹备；整理38. prescribe v.指示,处方39. bunch n.一<束、串>40. complement n.补充物,补足物,定额41. ascertain v.查明,确定42. present v.&n.礼物43. on business 因公,因事44. comply v.服从,照办45. assembly n.集会,会议46. presently adv.一会儿,不久47. cable n.电缆；发电报48. comprise v.包含,包括；构成49. assign v.分配；指定50. preserve v.保存；保护1. camera n.照相机；摄象机2. concentrate v.集中3. assistant n.助手；图书管理员4. press v.压5. cancel v.取消,撤消6. conduct v.引导,传导7. assumption n.假定；采取8. prestige n.威望,声望9. capable a.有…能力的10. confident a.有信心的11. attach v.附上,贴上；属于12. prevail v.流行,盛行,占优势13. carbon n.碳14. confirmation n.确认；确认书15. attention n.注意16. price n.价格17. carpet n.地毯18. connection n.连接；联系19. attraction n.有吸引力的人或事物20. primary a.初级的；首要的21. case n.情况22. conservation n.保存,保护23. audit v.审计,查帐24. principal a.&n.主要的；主要人物25. cash n.现金26. consignee n.收货人；承销人27. authorize v.授权；核准,认可28. private a.私人的,非公开的29. category n.种类；类目30. constant a.坚定的,坚贞的31. automobile n.汽车32. probable a.可能的,大概的33. celebrate v.庆祝,赞颂；举行仪式34. consume v.消费,消耗35. on the average 平均,一般说来36. process n.过程37. per cent n.百分之38. contain v.容纳；遏制39. await vt.等候40. product n.产物,产品41. century n.世纪42. content v.<使>满足43. badly ad.坏；恶劣地44. professional a.职业的45. chain n.链,链条；一连串46. continent n.大陆47. banker n.银行主48. profit n.利益,利润49. change v.变化50. contracted n.已约定的1. bar n.杠上运动；酒吧2. profound a.深奥的；深厚的；深刻的3. characteristic n.<个、特>性,特征4. convenience n.方便5. basic a.基本的,基础的；碱的6. progressive a.进步的7. check v.检查；核对8. convertible a.可改变的,可兑换的9. B.C. 公元前10. project v.&n.规划,设计；工程11. childhood n.幼年<时代>,童年12. co-operative a.合作的13. beforehand ad.预先,事先14. promising a.有希望的,有前途的15. circle n.圆16. cordial a.诚恳的,亲切的,热诚的17. behave v.举止,表现18. promotion n.推销19. circulation n.循环,流通,传播20. correspondence n.一致；通信；相应21. below ad.&prep.在下面；向下22. proof v.检验；校对23. claim v.声称；要求24. council n.理事会25. bestow v.把…赠与,把…授予；花费26. property n.性质,性能27. clerk n.职员,店员28. course n.进程29. bill n.招贴,广告30. proposal n.提议,建议31. clinic n.诊所32. craft n.技艺,工艺33. blank n.空白；完全的；没有表情的34. prosperity n.繁荣；昌盛35. coast n.海岸36. creditor n.贷方,债权人37. on board 在船上,在飞机上38. proprietor n.所有者39. collect v.聚集40. critical a.临界的41. boss n.老板42. protest v.抗议`反对43. combination n.结合44. cubic a.立方体的45. box n.盒子46. provision n.给养,口粮47. commend v.称赞；推荐48. current a.流行的；当前的49. brilliant a.&n.光辉的,辉煌的；卓越的；宝石50. publication n.发表；出版物1. commission n.委员会2. custom n.习俗,惯例3. broken a.破碎的,破坏了的4. pump n.泵,抽水机5. in common 共用,共有6. cylinder n.圆柱体7. brown n.&a.棕色8. punishment n.惩罚9. community n.社区,社会10. daring a.胆大的,敢作敢为11. bulk n.大块；体积；大量12. pure a.纯净的；纯洁的13. comparative a.比较的,相当的14. up to date 现代的；最近的,最新的15. burden v.使负担16. purple n.&a.紫色<的>17. compete v.竞争,比赛18. debit v.借方；将…记入借方19. button n.钮扣20. pursue v.追赶,追求,从事21. complain v.抱怨22. deceive v.欺骗,欺诈23. cafeteria n.自助食堂24. qualification n.资格；合格证；规定25. complicated a.结构复杂的；难懂的26. decline v.下倾,下降27. campaign n.战役；<政治或群众>运动28. quality n.&a.质量；合格的29. composition n.作文；写作30. deem v.认为；相信31. candidate n.候选人,报考者32. quarantine n.&v.<被隔离>检疫33. computer n.计算机,电子计算机34. definition n.定义35. capacity n.能力；容量36. quarter n.一刻钟,四分之一37. conclude v.得出结论,议定38. delay v.延迟；耽搁39. card n.卡片；名片40. quartz n.石英41. conference n.<正式>会议42. delight v.使高兴43. carrier n.带菌者；载体；航空母舰44. questionnaire n.调查表45. confine n.限制；使不出门46. demonstrate v.说明,论证,证实,表示47. in any case 无论如何,总之48. quiet a.安静的,平静的49. congratulate v.祝贺50. depend on 依赖,依靠1. cassette n.盒子,盒式磁带,暗盒2. quotation n.引证；行情；报价单3. consequence ad.因而,所以4. depth n.深度5. cause n.原因6. radical a.<政治的>激进的7. considerate a.考虑周到的,体谅的8. deserve v.应受,值得9. cement n.水泥；胶粘剂10. rainbow n.虹11. consist v.存在于…12. despite prep.不管,不顾13. centigrade a.百分度的,摄氏温度的14. raise v.使升高；提高；增加15. construction n.建筑,建造16. determinable a.可确定的17. ceremony n.典礼,仪式；礼节18. random a.随便的；任意的；随机的19. consumption n.消费20. device n.装置,器件21. chair n.椅子22. rank n.军衔23. contemplate v.凝视；沉思24. diameter n.直径25. channel n.航道,水道；海峡26. rarely ad.难得,很少27. context n.<文章的>上下文,前后关系28. dictation n.口授笔录,听写29. charge v.&n.装满<电荷、负荷>,使承受责任30. at any rate 不管如何31. continuous a.连续不断的32. digest n.文摘33. chemical a.化学的34. would rather 宁愿,但愿35. contrast v.对比,对照36. diminish v.使减少；缩小37. china n.瓷器,瓷料38. rational a.理性的,合理的39. convenient a.方便的40. directly ad.径直地；直接地41. circuit n.&v.环行；绕行；电路42. ray n.光线,射线43. convince v.使确信；使认识<错误等>44. disappointed a.失望的45. circumstance n.情况46. react v.起作用；起反应47. copper n.铜48. discovery a.发现；发现物49. classic n.名著,杰作50. reality n.现实1. corporation n.公司,法人团体2. display v.展示,显示3. client n.委托人；当事人；顾客4. reasonable a.有道理的5. cost v.花费,价值6. distance n.距离7. closet n.私室；密室；小房间8. receipt n.收到；收据；收入9. count on 依靠,指望10. distribute v.分发,散布11. code n.法典,准那么12. receiver n.接受者；接收机13. courtesy n.礼貌,谦恭14. divisible a.可分的；可割的15. collection n.收集16. reception n.接待,欢迎17. creative a.创造性的；引起的18. dollar n.美元19. combine v.&n.<使>联合；兼有；集团20. recipe n.烹饪法；处方；菜谱21. crisis n.危机；转折点22. dot n.圆点23. comment n.&vi.评论24. reciprocal a.互惠的,互相的25. crystal n.水晶26. draft v.&n.[美]征兵；分遣队27. committee n.委员会28. recognition n.认识29. curl v.<使>卷曲,卷缩30. drawee n.<支票或汇票等的>付款人31. commonly ad.一般地；共同地32. recommendation n.建议,劝告,推荐33. curve n.&v.曲线；<使>弯曲34. duly adv.按时,及时地35. compact a.紧凑的,紧密的36. recorder n.录音机37. cut back 削减,减少38. during prep.在…期间39. compare v.比较40. rectangle n.长方形、矩形41. dam n.水坝42. dwelling n.住所43. competent a.有能力的,应该做的,足够的44. reduction n.减少,缩小45. date n.日期46. earnings n.收入,利润47. complaint n.抱怨；控告；疾病48. refer v.把…归于；提到49. deadline n.期限,有效期50. effect n.结果；影响；效果1. compliment n.&v.赞美的话；祝贺,致意2. reference v.参考；提及,提交；关联3. debtor n.借方,债务人4. effort n.努力,尽力5. comprehensive a.综合的；有理解力的6. reflection n.反对；水中映像7. declaration n.宣告,宣布,宣言8. electrical a.电的,电气科学的9. conceive v.想象,设想10. refrigerator n.冰箱11. decrease v.减少12. elementary a.基础的,初步的13. conclusion n.结束；结论14. regard v.注重,注意,认为,问候15. defence n.防御；保卫16. embarrass v.使为难,使窘迫17. confidence n.信心18. regardless of 不管19. degrade v.降级；使堕落20. emphasize v.强调；重压21. confirm v.认可,批准22. register v.登记,注册23. delicate a.精美的24. employment n.职业,工作,雇用25. congress n.大会,国会<美>26. regular a.有规律的；固定的；定期的27. delivery n.传递,传送,交付28. endeavour v.尽力29. consequently ad.因此30. regulation n.规定,规那么31. department n.部门,系32. endow v.捐赠33. consign v.把…托付给,寄存34. relate v.叙述35. deposit v.存放,寄存36. engage v.雇<聘>用；从事于37. consistent a.坚固的,坚实的；始终如一的38. relative n.&a.亲戚；相对的39. derive v.导致40. enjoy v.喜欢；享受…乐趣41. consult v.商议；请教；查阅<字典等>42. relay v.换班,接力,中继43. desirable a.全乎需要的；便利的44. ensure v.保障；保险45. contact v.<使>接触46. reliable a.可靠的47. detail n.细节48. entertainment n.娱乐49. contemporary a.当代的50. relieve v.救；解除1. develop v.发展2. envelope n.信封3. context n.<文章的>上下文,前后关系4. reluctant a.不愿的,勉强的5. diagram n.&v.图表；用图解法表示6. equality n.同等,平等7. contract v.使收缩；皱8. remain v.剩下,余留；保持9. diary n.日记；日记簿10. essential a.基本的,必不可少的11. contribute v.贡献12. remarkable a.显著的13. on diet 节食14. etc. 等待15. conversation n.谈话；会话16. remit v.宽恕；赦免17. diligent a.勤勉的,用功的18. evidence n.明显；证据19. co-operate v.合作；协作20. rent v.&n.租用；出租；租金21. diplomatic a.外交的22. example n.例子；榜样23. copy n.&v.副本24. replace v.取代25. disadvantage n.缺点26. except prep.除…之外27. correspond v.通信28. report n.&v.报告,汇报29. discharge v.&n.解散30. excessive a.过度的31. costly a.昂贵的,贵重的32. representative n.代表；象征33. dislike n.&v.不喜欢；厌恶34. execution n.实行；实施35. courageous a.勇敢的36. reputation n.名誉；声望37. dispute v.争辨,争执；争夺38. exhibit v.展览,展出39. cover n.封面40. require v.需要；要求41. distinction n.区别,差别；级别42. expect v.期待；指望43. credit n.&v.信任；信用44. research v.调查；研究45. district n.区域46. expire v.终止,到期47. criterion n.准那么48. resemble v.像,类似49. dock v.削减<费用>50. exploration n.考察,探索1. cube n.立方体2. reserve v.贮备,保存3. dominate v.支配,统治4. extend v.伸延5. currency n.通货,货币6. residence n.住处,住宅7. doubtful a.怀疑的8. external a.外部的,[药]外用的9. cushion n.坐垫10. resign v.辞<职>；放弃11. dramatic a.戏剧<性>的12. extremely ad.极,非常13. cut down 削减,减少,降低14. resolute a.坚决的15. drawing n.图<指素描或工程图>16. factor n.因素；因数,代理人17. damage v.&n.损坏18. resolve v.解决；分解19. durable a.耐用的20. failure n.失败；失灵21. out of date 过时的,陈旧的22. resource n.资源；办法,智谋23. off duty 下班24. fake v.&n.伪造；虚构；赝品25. debate v.争论26. respective a.个别的,各个的27. eager a.渴望的；热心的28. as far as 至于；就…；直到29. decade n.十年；十个<天>30. response v.回答；响应31. economy n.经济32. fashionable a.流行的,时髦的33. declare v.宣布34. responsible a.负责的35. effective a.有效的36. feature n.外貌,特征37. dedicate v.奉献,专用38. restore v.寻回；恢复；重建39. elaborate v.精心制作40. female a.女性的,雌的41. define v.限定42. result n.结果,效果43. elegant a.优雅的44. file n.&v.文卷；归档45. degree n.等级,程度46. resume v.再开始,再继续；恢复47. elevator n.电梯,升降机48. finance n.财政,金融49. delicious a.芳香的,可口的；妙的50. retailer n.零售商1. emergency n.紧急事件,紧急情况2. fiscal a.国库的,财政的3. demand v.要求4. retire v.退却,引退,退休5. employee n.雇员6. flexible a.柔韧的；灵活的7. departure n.出发；背离8. in return 作为报答9. enclose v.围住,封入10. flour n.面粉,粉11. deprive v.剥夺12. reveal v.展现；揭示,揭露13. endorsement n.背书；变更保险X 围的条款14. fold v.折叠15. description n.描写；说明书16. reverse v.&n.颠倒；相反17. energy n.<物>能,能量18. foodstuff n.食品,食料19. dispatch n.急件；快件20. revise v.修改；校订21. engine n.发动机；机车22. foreign a.外国的23. detain v.使留住,阻住；拘留24. reward n.酬金,奖25. enormous a.巨大的26. forgive v.原谅,宽恕27. development n.发展28. rise v.升高；增长29. enterprise n.事业；企业30. formula n.公式,程式31. dial n.&v.日晷；拨号盘,刻度盘；拨号32. risk n.&v.风险；冒险33. entrance n.进入,入口34. fortune n.命运；运气；财产35. dictate v.规定36. robot n.机器人37. epoch n.<新>纪元,<新>时代38. foundation n.基础；基金39. differential a.微分的40. roll v.滚动41. equivalent n.&a.等价；等值的42. frame n.构架,框架43. dimension n.尺寸；空间维数44. route n.路；路线45. estate n.等级；阶层46. freight n.货物,货运,货车47. direction n.方向；指导48. row n.排,行49. event n.事件,重大事件50. friendly a.友好的1. disagree vi.意见不同；不一致2. ruby n.红宝石3. exact v.确切的4. fully ad.完全地；足足5. discount n.&v.折扣；打折扣6. rule v.&n.规那么；规定7. excel v.胜过；杰出8. fundamental a.基本的,根本的9. dismiss v.解雇,开除10. run v.跑11. exceptional a.特殊的；额外的12. furniture n.家具13. dissolve v.分解,使溶解14. rust n.&v.锈；生锈15. exclude v.排除16. gain v.&n.获得；获利17. distinguish v.区别；识别18. safe a.安全的19. exert v.尽力,努力；使用权力20. garage n.车库21. dividend n.股息,红利；被除数22. sake n.目的；缘故23. existence n.存在24. gather v.聚集25. document n.文件26. salary n.薪水27. expensive a.昂贵的28. generally ad.一般地29. dose v.&n.给…服药；剂量30. on sale 上市,出售31. explanation n.解释,说明32. geographical a.地理学上的,地理的33. dozen n.一打34. same a.同样的35. express v.&a.表达；可表达的；明确的36. globe n.地球,天体37. draw v.画,绘制38. sample n.&v.样品,取样39. extensive a.广博的,广泛的40. gold n.金子41. due a.应当的42. satisfaction n.满意43. extraneous a.体外的；外来的；外部的44. govern v.统治45. duration n.持久,持续时间46. saving n.储蓄47. face value 票面价值；票面额48. graduate a.&n.大学毕业后的；研究生49. on duty 值班,当班50. scale v.标度；比例尺；规模；攀登1. Fahrenheit n.&a.华氏温度；华氏温度计<的>2. grateful a.感激的3. earn v.赚得4. scarce a.缺乏的；稀有的5. faith n.信任；信仰6. greeting n.欢迎,致敬,问候7. edition n.版本8. scarcity n.缺乏9. fame n.名声10. gross a.总的,全部的；十足的11. efficient a.效率高的,有能力的12. scarlet n.&a.猩红色,鲜红的13. farther a.较远的；更远的14. guidance n.引导,指导15. elastic a.弹性的16. scenery n.风景,背景17. favour n.喜爱；赞许18. gulf n.海湾；深渊19. element n.元素；元件；因素20. on schedule 按预定时间21. fee n.费用22. in half 成两半23. eliminate v.消除,排除24. scholarship n.学问；奖学金25. fibre n.纤维26. handy a.顺手的,手边的27. emphasis n.强调；重点28. scope n.X围29. fill out 填好,填写30. hardware n.五金,金属制品31. employer n.雇主；雇用者32. screen n.幕；荧光屏33. firm a.坚固的；坚定的34. hasty a.急速的；草率的35. enclosure n.圈地,围场36. scrub v.擦洗37. flavour n.滋味,风味,情趣38. heading n.标题39. endorser n.背书人40. seal n.&v.封印,加封,盖章41. flock v.成群聚集42. heartily ad.衷心地,热心地43. enforce v.执行；强制44. search v.搜查；探索45. fluent a.流畅的46. height n.高度47. engineering n.工程48. seat n.座位49. following a.下列的,其次的50. hence ad.因此,此后1. enroll v.登记,编入,招收2. secondary a.中级的；第二位的3. forbid v.禁止；阻止4. hereof ad.在本文件中；关于此点5. entertain v.款待6. secretary n.书记,秘书7. foresee v.预见,预知8. highway n.公路9. entry n.条目10. secure a.&v.安全的；保证,获得11. formal a.外形的,形式的；正式的12. historical a.历史的,有关历史的13. equal a.相等的14. segment n.&v.部分；段；分割15. fortnight n.两周16. honour vt.给…以荣誉17. era n.时代,年代；纪元18. select v.&a.选；精选的19. forward a.&ad.向前的；向前20. horizon n.地平线21. estimate v.估计；评价22. selfish a.自私的,利己的23. fragment n.碎片24. household n.家庭,户；家务25. eventually ad.最终26. senior n.&a.高年级；上级,长辈<的>27. free a.&v.空闲的；自由的28. humour n.幽默29. examination n.检查；考试30. in a sense 从某种意义上说31. frequently ad.经常32. ideal n.&a.观仿,理想,理想<观念>化的33. excellent a.极好的,优秀的34. separation n.分离；要开35. fuel n.燃料36. i.e. 也就是,即37. excess n.过量；超过38. series n.一连串,系列39. functional a.起作用的40. illustration n.插图41. execute v.执行42. service n.服务；业务43. furnace n.炉子,熔炉；磨炼44. imitate v.模仿45. exhaust v.抽空,使精疲力竭46. set v.装置,设备47. furthermore ad.而且,此外48. impartial a.公正的49. exit n.出口50. settle v.安排,安置；处置1. gamble v.&n.赌博；投机2. importance n.重要,重大；显要3. experience n.经验4. several a.&pron.几个,数个5. garment n.外衣6. impressive a.给人深刻印象的7. exploit v.&n.开拓,开发；功绩8. shaft n.矛；杆9. in general ad.通常,一般来说10. incentive n.刺激,鼓励11. expressly ad. 明确地；特意地12. sham v.&n.假装；骗人之物13. generation n.<一>代<人>；产生14. income n.收入15. extent n.广度；程度16. share n.&v.一份；股份；分享,分担17. giant a.&n.巨大的；巨大18. indicate v.指示；表明19. extraordinary a.非常的；不平凡的20. sharply ad.急剧地,尖锐地21. glue n.胶；粘合22. induce v.诱导；引起23. facility n.容易；熟练24. sheet n.薄片、薄板；被单,纸X25. golf n.高尔夫球26. inferior a.低级的；次要的27. failing prep.如果没有…；若无….28. shell n.壳；甲壳,贝壳29. grade n.年级30. inform v.通知；告诉31. faithfully ad.忠诚地32. shilling n.先令33. grant v.同意,允许34. inherent a.内在的；固有的35. familiar with 熟悉的；通晓的36. shipment n.装货,装船37. gravity n.地心引力38. injury n.伤害,损害,伤害处39. fashion n.时样；时髦,方式40. short a.短的41. grocer n.杂货商42. inquiry n.探究；调查；询问43. favourite n.宠物44. shortly ad.立刻；简短地45. growth n.生长,发展46. insistent a.坚持的；显著的47. feedback n.反馈48. shoulder n.肩部49. guilty a.有罪的,内疚的50. inspector n.学监1. figure n.数字2. shutter n.百叶窗3. gymnasium n.体育馆,健身房4. installment n.一期,一集5. final a.最终的6. signatory n.签署者；签约国7. hammer n.锤,槌 8. instead of 代替9. first-rate a.头等的,第一流的10. significant a.重大的,重要的11. harbour n.港口12. instruct v.教导,指示13. fleet v.飞过；掠过14. silver n.银15. harmony n.和谐,融洽16. insurance n.保险17. flood n.洪水；水灾18. simplify v.简化,使单纯19. hazard v.&n.冒险；危险；公害20. intelligent a.聪慧的；理解力强的21. focus n.焦点22. simultaneous a.同时的23. headquarter n.总部；总局24. intentional a.故意的,有意识的25. fond a.喜爱的；爱好的26. sincere a.真诚的,诚恳的27. heating n.加热,供暖,供暧装置28. interior a.&n.内部<的>；内地<的>29. forecast v.预报,预测30. site n.地点31. helpful a.有帮助的；有益的32. internal a.内部的；国内的33. forge v.稳步前进；突然加速前进34. situation n.情况；形势35. herein ad.于此处36. interrupt v.打断<讲话>；打扰37. former a.从前的,往时的38. size n.尺寸,大小39. hereunder ad.在下面40. intimate v.通告；暗示41. fortunate a.幸运的,带来好运的42. skill n.技能43. hint v.&n.暗示44. invest v.投资45. found v.成立,建立46. skillful a.灵巧的,娴熟的47. holder n.保持者；占有者；架；柄48. invisible a.看不见的；无形的49. fragrant a.芬芳的,香的50. slack a.懒散的,松松垮垮的；呆滞的1. hook n.&v.钩子,钩引2. inward a.内在的；向内的3. freely ad.自由地；随意地4. slightly ad.轻微地5. hospitality n.好客,殷勤,款待6. issue n.问题争论点7. fresh a.新鲜的8. slope v.&n.<使>斜；斜度9. humble a.谦卑的10. jam v.塞进；阻塞11. fulfill v.完成,履行12. smooth a.平滑,流畅的13. hydrogen n.氢14. jewel n.宝石15. fund n.资金,基金,款项16. so-called a.所谓的17. identify v.认为…相同；验明18. judge v.&n.法官19. furnish v.提供；装备20. society n.社会21. illegal a.非法的22. junior n.&a.低年级,晚辈<的>23. future n.将来24. software n.软件25. imaginary a.虚构的,幻想的26. keen a.热心的；渴望的27. gap n.裂口,缺口28. solvency n.偿付能力29. immense a.广大的,巨大的。
商务英语阅读词汇总结
商务英语阅读词汇总结1、account2、 actuary3、 advance4、 agenda5、 archive6、 attorney7、 barter8、 bearer bond9、 bond10、 brokerage firm11、budget12、 circulating funds13、 claim14、 clearinghouse15、 commission16、 commodity17、 common share18、 consulate19、 convention20、 convertible bond222、 debenture bond23、 demand deposit24、 denomination25、 depression26、 dispenser27、 dole28、 EFTS29、 embassy30、 equity31、executive32、 expectancy33、 extension(ext)34、 fiscal year35、 foreign currency36、 fringe benefit37、 go public38、 guideline39、 inflation40、 infrastructure4 1、institution42、 insurance policy44、 insurer45、 inventory46、 IOU47、 job opening48、 just-in-time49、 legal tender50、 legislation51、liability52、 longevity53、 mall54、 majority55、 measurement specification56、 medium57、 megamall58、 merchandiser59、 monetary60、 mortgage bond61、mutual fund62、 outlet63、 paycheck64、 payroll65、 personnel66、 plaza67、 pool68、 point-of-sale69、 policyholder70、 preferred stock7 1、premises72、 premium73、 principal74、 procurement75、 profit margin76、 promissory note77、 purchasing power78、 quotation79、 quoted company80、 recession81、reseller82、 reserve funds83、 revenues84、 shareholder85、 Social Security86、 source87、 stock certificate88、 stock exchange89、 subsidiary90、 team up91、turnover92、 unit of account93、 want ad94、 warehouse95、 warranty商务英语阅读31、access2、 accusation3、 act4、 aircraft carrier5、 allowance6、 amenity7、 Attorney General8、 bank transfer9、 beginning inventory10、 bill of exchange11、bill of lading12、 book value13、 booth14、 break-even point15、 brochure16、 brokerage17、 bulletin board18、 bureaucratic19、 by word of mouth20、 catalog21、celebrity22、 centerpiece23、 Certificate of Origin24、 cessation25、 chauffeur26、 c、i、f27、 claims28、 clear29、 clergyman30、 client31ZZZmercial invoice32、 complex33、 concession34、 consideration35、 consignment36、 consular invoice37、 container38、 contingency plan39、 convert40、 conveyor belt4 1、convoy42、 cooker43、 counseling44、 counteroffer45、 courtesy booth46、 credit47、 data processing48、 database49、 dealership50、 debit51、deficit52、 demographics53、 deployment54、 depreciation55、 determinant56、 diplomacy57、 discrimination58、 disparity59、 distributor60、 documents against acceptance6 1、documents against payment62、 domicile63、 draft64、 duty65、 economics of scale66、 ending inventory67、 entity68、 equilibrium69、 ethnocentricity70、 ethnocentrism71、f、o、b72、 forbearance73、 fraud74、 gambling75、 generic76、 gift certificate77、 guarantee78、 guild79、 Inc、=incorporated80、 input81、installment82、 interest-bearing83、 International Bankers Draft84、 invoice85、 issuance86、 jargon87、 jingle88、 key accounts89、 lease90、 letter of credit91、liquidity92、 loan93、 logistics94、 majority95、 marketer96、 marketing mix97、 maximum98、 minor99、 money order100、 monopoly101、mortgage102、 motif103、 notary104、notification105、 operating supplies106、 order107、ordinary shares108、 outlet109、 overhaul110、 packaging111、par value112、 penalty113、 pensioner114、 plunge115、 precaution116、 premium117、 prerequisite118、 prime time119、 profit margins120、 prompt121、provision122、 publicity123、 rail hauler124、 rate of exchange125、 rebate126、 reciprocal127、 registrar128、 reimburse130、 rental131、rep=sales representative132、 reserve133、 return134、 rival135、 run counter to136、 S、A、=Societe Anonyme137、 sanitation138、 schedule139、 semiotics140、 standing141、statute142、 subtotal143、 supplier144、 sweepstakes145、 take precedence over146、 take-over bid147、 telegrahpic transfer148、 telemarketing149、 telex11、tie-in152、 toll153、 top-grossing154、 transformation155、 trial156、 typeface157、 upscale158、 vending machine159、 vendor160、 well-versed商务英语阅读41、acquisition2、 across the board3、 act as a counterbalance4、 alma mater5、 asset6、 back down7、 backlog8、 balance sheet9、 be geared towards10、 beachhead11、behemoth12、 behind the scene13、 big-ticket14、 blitz15、 blueprint16、 bottom-line17、 bourgeon18、 brain drain19、 break ground20、 breather21、buck the trend22、 calling card23、 capital gains24、 capital injection25、 cave in to26、 CDMA=code-division mutiple access27、 certificate of deposit28、 China Mobile29、 China Unicom30、 Classification31、Clientele32、 CNOOC=China National Offshore Oil Corporation33、 coffer34、 collateral35、 condominium36、 consumerism37、 couture38、 creditworthiness39、 Customs clearance40、 Data General41、DBS Bank42、 deal-breaker43、 debit card44、 deflation45、 die down46、dig in one’s heels47、 Digital Equipment48、 dilemma49、 diversification50、 downplay51、draw fire52、 drawn-out53、 euphoria54、 expatriate55、 extraneous56、 fall over oneself57、 FDI=Foreign Direct Investment58、 feature film59、 feed60、 firecracker61、fluctuate62、 foreclosure63、 forethought64、 fortuitous65、 foundry66、 freebie67、 full-blown68、 fund portfolio manager69、 grind to a halt70、 halo effect71、hard currency72、 hard-nosed73、 holding company74、 hookup75、 hot under the collar76、 imaging industry77、 in bulk78、 incubator79、 intermediary80、 intraday81、IPO=initial public offering82、 itinerary83、 jump ship84、 kickback85、 lay out86、 merger87、 mindset88、 nerve-wracking89、 no-frill(s)90、 note91、nothing short of92、 on impulse93、 on the sidelines94、 opportunity cost95、 outlay96、 outsource97、 outstrip98、 paper profit99、 pay off100、 petrochemical101、piecemeal102、 portfolio103、 placement104、position-squaring105、 powerhouse106、 practitioner107、prospectus108、 psyche109、 pullout110、 qualm111、quest112、 quintuple113、 quota114、 real estate115、 realtor116、 red tape117、 repatriate118、 resort to119、 repossession120、 returns121、roaming service122、 roller coaster123、 second-guess124、 self-condemnation125、 sentiment126、 shore up127、 slump128、 sock away129、 SOE=state-owned enterprise130、 sophistication131、speak for132、 speculation133、 staffer134、 stalemate135、 sticker136、 supremo137、 syndication138、 takeover139、 take the stock of sth140、 tally141、the Federal Open Market Committee142、 top-notch143、 top-tier144、 track record145、 treasury bill146、 trendsetter147、 tumble148、 up to snuff149、 veer off150、 venture capital151、visual aid152、 walkway153、 weigh on154、 white-goods 商务英语阅读2自学自测题答案1、客户，委托人2、（保险）精算师3、贷款4、议事日程5、档案室6、（美）律师7、以货易货8、无记名债券9、有息债券10、经纪商，经纪行11、预算12、流动资金。
商务英语词汇表
商务英语词汇表商务英语词汇表商务英语是指在商业活动中使用的特定英语词汇和表达方式。
在全球化的商业环境中，掌握商务英语词汇对于职场人士来说非常重要。
本文将为您提供一份涵盖广泛的商务英语词汇表，以帮助您在职场中更加流利地表达自己。
1. 会议及演讲词汇- 演讲: speech, presentation- 会议: meeting, conference- 主持人: host, presenter- 参会者: attendee, participant- 讨论: discussion, debate- 发言: speak, address- 演示: demonstrate, showcase- 幻灯片: slideshow, presentation slides- 提问: ask questions, raise queries- 效果报告: performance report, progress update2. 商务信函词汇- 正式致辞: formal greeting, salutation- 邀请函: invitation letter, formal invitation- 询价: request for quotation (RFQ), price inquiry - 报价: quotation, price quote- 确认函: confirmation letter, acknowledgement - 辞职信: resignation letter- 投诉信: complaint letter- 推荐信: recommendation letter- 感谢信: thank-you letter, appreciation letter- 建议信: suggestion letter, feedback3. 商务谈判及销售词汇- 合作伙伴: business partner, collaborator- 合作意向: cooperation intention- 谈判: negotiation, discussion- 协议: agreement, contract- 优惠: discount, special offer- 销售额: sales volume, revenue- 客户关系: customer relationship - 市场份额: market share- 销售策略: sales strategy- 市场调研: market research4. 人力资源词汇- 招聘: recruitment, hiring- 应聘者: applicant, candidate- 面试: interview- 员工福利: employee benefits- 培训: training, development- 绩效考核: performance evaluation - 薪资调整: salary adjustment- 聘用合同: employment contract - 离职: resignation, departure- 团队建设: team building5. 财务与会计词汇- 财务报表: financial statements- 收入: income, revenue- 成本: cost, expense- 利润: profit- 资产: asset- 负债: liability- 财务分析: financial analysis- 预算: budget- 税务: taxation, tax- 财务风险: financial risk6. 跨文化交际词汇- 外籍员工: expatriate, foreign employee- 跨文化沟通: cross-cultural communication - 多样性: diversity- 国际商务: international business- 跨国公司: multinational corporation (MNC) - 文化差异: cultural differences- 社交礼节: social etiquette- 利益冲突: conflict of interest- 国际市场营销: international marketing- 跨国团队合作: multinational team cooperation请注意，以上商务英语词汇表仅供参考。
2017年1月05439商务英语阅读试题和答案
2017年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439）I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. fiscal year2. mortgage bond3. cover letter4. job opening5. price discrimination6. modes of conduct7. legal tender 8. consumer preferences9. inflation 10. discount couponⅡ. Translate the following words or phrases Into English (10%)11．控股公司 12．账面利润 13．上市公司14．商业银行 15．流动资金 16．国有银行17．资金注入 18．货币贬值 19．提货单 20. 运营费用Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. A______ is a letter tailored to a specific company explaining why you are the best candidate for a particular job.A. reference letterB. recommendation letterC. self-introduction letterD. cover letter22. If competitors get together to raise or lower prices, this act is_________.A. price discriminationB. deceptive pricingC. resale price maintenanceD. price fixing23. A (n) _________ is an accounting statement that shows a firm’s status on the last day of an accounting period.A. income statementB. net income sheetC. balance sheetD. income sheet24. On a loan that is legal, the courts will allow a lender to collect only his principal when_____.A. there is no fixed interest rateB. the interest rate is very lowC. the borrower can’t pay the interestD. the lender demands an interest more than the state law allows25. The insurance companies base their costs on _________.A. the pool of people sharing the riskB. the cost each member of the pool paysC. the theory of probabilityD. past experience26. Owners of_________ have rights to vote for directors at the annual meeting of the corporation and to share any profits or losses.A. preferred stocksB. deferred stocksC. stock certificatesD. common stocks27. _________is reached when the money from the sales of a product equals the total costs and expenses involved in producing and marketing it.A. The selling pointB. The ultimate pointC. The break-even pointD. The final goal28. Now more and more women go shopping with an incomplete shopping list or without list at all. It is mainly because _________.A. it is troublesome to make a complete shopping listB. there are too many kinds of merchandise for them to choose fromC. merchandise is usually displayed on open shelves, which will remind them of the items theywant to buyD. without a shopping list, they are free to buy whatever they want to buy29. When one buys a fund, the most important thing for him to do is_________.A. to read the fund’s prospectus carefullyB. to fill out some formsC. to pay a sales commission called “load”D. to match his personal objective with that of the fund30. For a company, the strength of publicity is _________.A. being flexibleB. reaching a larger number of audiencesC. avoiding media costsD. saving preparation timePart Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Parker Pen’s Globalization StrategyWhen Parker Pen Company decided to launch a global marketing strategy 20 years ago, some observers were puzzled. Although Parker’s name was well-known, the Wisconsin-based company brought limited resources to the task. Annual sales of Parker writing instruments had never exceeded $225 million, and the company had never budgeted more than $20 million a year for advertising. Still, Parker’s high-quality products were sold in 154 countries, and its marketingexecutives were eager to design and implement a global strategy for Parker Pen. In their view, cultural and competitive similarities would be more important than differences, meaning that the same product could be sold the same way in many different markets, and with much lower marketing costs. They believed, in short, that Parker Pen would provide a classic test of global marketing theory.Parker’s then president, James Peterson, also believed that global marketing would be crucial to the survival of the faltering company. The company’s weaknesses had been obscured for years by strong overseas sales and a weak U. S. dollar. At home, not only were competitors introducing mass-marketed, disposal pens, but even as Parker attempted to guard its reputation for quality, the company was losing its share of the domestic expensive-pen market to A. T. Cross Company and Sheaffer Eaton. Furthermore, Parker’s manufacturing process was inefficient. New-product development had been neglected, and advertising worldwide, which had been left to local marketers, was handled by more than forty different agencies. Profits were plunging, and most of the profits were generated by Manpower Temporary Services, a subsidiary of Parker Pen.Peterson’s first move was to streamline Parker’s operations by cutting the payroll by half, reducing the product line from 500 different writing instruments to 100, and spending $20 million to upgrade Parker’s manufacturing facilities. Then Peterson and his marketing team embarked on a two-pronged program with far-reaching consequences. They began production of cheap pens that could compete in the under- $3 market, and they standardized everything associated with Parker products under a “global umbrella”. From then on, all packaging and point-of-sale display materials would use the same striking block motif. The advertising budget would be centralized, and one advertising agency would handle accounts worldwide. A single theme-“Make your mark with a Parker”-would be used for all products and in all markets, and advertisements would feature the same graphics, photography, and typefaces; only the languages of the copy would vary. In addition, advertising would spotlight Parker’s new, inexpensive products instead of the quality pens that were the company’s trademark.These two decisions-to produce cheap pens and to use a uniform marketing strategy for all Parker products-were eventually considered major blunders by many inside Parker Pen. Long-time Parker Pen employees objected that the lower-quality pens ran counter to Parker’s carefully nurtured status image. Parker’s European manager argued that advertising should take into account the differences among markets.However, Parker’s new management insisted that the company’s future lay in high-tech. High-volume production of cheap pens for a global market, and implementation of new strategy proceeded. At first, sales of the new roller-ball pen and other writing instruments increased. Then, just as demand was picking up, the automated production line began to shut down repeatedly. Parker employees were forced to return to the assembly lines to take over for the malfunctioningsystems. The defect rate soared, and before the problems were resolved, the marketing division set aside strategies and forecasts and sold whatever products were available.A few months later, the global advertising campaign was launched. In accordance with the “one product, one market” policy, advertisements for different markets had identical layout, illustrations, and text; only the languages in which they were written were different. Because the theme was so general, the advertisements appealed to no one in particular, especially not to those buyers who viewed writing instruments as status symbols. Resentment against the global marketing strategy mounted within the company, and when the failure of the advertising campaign could no longer be ignored, Peterson resigned, followed by his hand-picked marketing executives. The pen business suffered a $500,000 loss and was purchased in 1986 by a group of Parker’s international managers and a British venture capital company.Now based in Newhaven, England, Parker Pen Ltd. is a profitable company, with 2000 pretax profits of 8 million. Although the reorganized firm used the now-functioning Wisconsin plant and owes some of its success to the greater operating efficiency the former management brought about, the new owners have instituted several policies of their own. Parker’s inexpensive pens receive less emphasis in advertising, and plans to produce disposable pens were dropped. The company is working to restore its reputation for quality and reliability. It intends to add perceived value, rather than volume, to its products. In addition, except for the marketing of the company’s Duofold Centennial model, a $312 18-carat goldnib fountain pen targeted to a tiny market segment, global advertising has been abandoned.31. Before the practice of its global marketing strategy, Parker Pen Company _________.A. was an international company with an increasingly large market shareB. had not been doing well and was at a critical momentC. had been eager to push up sales in the international marketD. enjoyed satisfactory sale performances and was ready for the new move32. What problem did Peterson fail to address in his two moves?A. Inadequate manufacturing facilitiesB. Specialized product rangeC. Employment of various advertising agenciesD. Neglect of quality product development33. Parker Pen’s top management insisted on producing lower-quality pens because________.A. they found quality pens did not sell as cheap onesB. they believed cheap pens would be more popular in the global marketC. they deemed quality pens responsible for the company’s declining market shareD. they found it more profitable to produce cheap pens34. We can learn from the passage that the global advertising campaign ________.A. was a moderate successB. was a total failureC. met with strong resistance from the company’s long-time employeesD. resulted in the company’s mergence with an American business35. Which of the following can NOT account for Peterson’s decision?A. He and his management were confident of the success of their new strategy.B. He intended to adopt a new strategy to help the company to prosper.C. He was eager to help the company to break free from its troubles.D. He failed to take timing into consideration.Passage 2Famous AmosToday, most of us recognize Wally “Famous”Amos, the man who gave his name to the original gourmet cookie. The company founded by Amos has achieved nationwide distribution of several flavors of its cookies in stores and has scattered retail stores world-wide, with franchises in Japan, Australia, and Canada, as well as the United States.In 1988, Wally Amos was just another talent agent trying to succeed in Hollywood. However, he soon developed another calling. Friends told him that the cookies he made were so good that he should sell them, and eventually Amos took their advice. Some of these friends backed up their advice by investing $25,000 in his venture, the Famous Amos Chocolate Chip Cookie Company, and the world’s first gourmet cookie shop opened in 1988. It was an instant success.News of Famous Amos spread by word of mouth, and in a classic example of great demand, consumers would walk into stores and ask the owners why they did not stock Famous Amos cookies. The company relied solely on this informal sort of marketing for its first five years.When Amos started his company, he had made no plans for such growth. His first retail “hot bake” shop appeared to be earning a profit and, after all, in his words, “All I wanted to do was make a living.” Consumer demand grew and requests began to pour in from other areas, but Amos did not have the funds to expand his cookie shop concept into a chain. He also wanted to avoid the risk of expanding through borrowing funds. Then the idea struck him just as it had McDonald’s Ray Kroc 30 years earlier: franchising. The firm distributed its frozen dough directly to the franchised “hot bake” shops located in suburban shopping centers and downtown walk-in locations.Amos also used other distribution alternatives to set the cookies into supermarkets, convenience outlets, “mom-and-pop”stores, and gift shops that make up the Famous Amos market, by contracting with an independent wholesale distributor. This distribution channel saved the company the cost of starting its own network, while giving it access to an already established distribution system, without which the young company might have failed. Even though many storeowners were unhappy about doing business with products offering such a low markup, consumer demand was so strong that retailer complaints soon fell to a trickle and distribution became more widespread.Famous Amos tailored its cookies to its markets. Frozen dough was shipped directly to the firm’s franchised “hot bake” shops. For supermarkets, it offered several different sizes of cookies, and set up racks for the packages in the fresh baked goods section, rather than on the cookie shelf. For convenience stores, one-and-two-ounce bags were created to save and to encourage impulse sales. It now makes several flavors of cookies (oatmeal-based cookies are the nation’s best sellers).Demand was created in part by the cookie’s taste. The gourmet cookie shop concept was entirely novel, and to outlast the novelty, Famous Amos cookies had to be good. But while consumers like the taste of the cookies (a recent Consumer Report’s test rated famous Amos’s chocolate chip cookies one of the best-tasting brands available), much of the success of FamousAmos is based on effective person marketing. Wally Amos’s winning grin gleams from each package of Famous Amos cookies, and his presence seems to give the cookies an identity that its competitors lack.John Rosica, a public relations executive with the company, called Wally “a perpetual promotion”. In recognition of his role in the company’s success, the Smithsonian’s collection of Advertising History includes his Panama hat and brightly patterned Indian gauze shirt.By the late I 990s, interest in the gourmet cookie had waned so that only a few locations could support bake shops devoted exclusively to cookies. Famous Amos decided to change its placement from gourmet cookie to high-quality family cookie. Package sizes were changed from 21/2-, 7-, and 16- ounce packages to 12-ounce size for wholesale distribution to grocery store outlets and a 30-ounce size for food-club stores. A 2-ounce package was also developed to be sold through vending machines. As of 2002, there were only a few bake shop franchises operating 15 stores, and Famous Amos was restricting itself to making finished cookies.Even though Amos sold his ownership interest in the firm in 1998, Famous Amos continued to rely solely on promotions that feature Wally. Among the most successful promotions have been its efforts at cause marketing. The company worked in conjunction with literacy councils in several American cities, having stores contribute a percentage of profits to literacy programs. Such promotions resulted in greatly increased sales, including a 38 percent sales jump in Philadelphia.36. Wally Amos is __________.A. the man who once a successful figure in HollywoodB. the man who originated the idea of gourmet cookieC. the man who had a cookie store in the United StatesD. the man who originated the idea of franchise operation37. Initially, Wally Amos started his business__________.A. to satisfy his interest in baking cookiesB. to build a chain of cookie shops eventuallyC. to help him make a livingD. to become a famous businessman38. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why Wally Amos’s company succeeds?A. Wide channels of distribution of its cookies.B. Adaptation of its cookies to different markets.C. Uniform taste of its cookies sold at all its outlets.D. Effective person marketing.39. In the development of the company, Wally Amos’s most important role is __________.A. using his image to promote the company’s cookiesB. using his influence to open more channels of distributionC. using his relationship to get more government fundsD. using his experience to develop different tastes of cookies40. What remained the same after Wally Amos sold his ownership interest in the company?A. Its management staff.B. Its line of product.C. Its sales volume.D. Its promotion methods.Passage 3As a manager in the service industry sector, I’ve looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant’s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like-is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It’s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That’s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you’d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.41. What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A. Whether they have experience of many different jobs.B. Whether their careers have developed steadily.C. The opinion their employers had of them.D. Whether they are married or single.42. The writer says the application form is useful because it________.A. reveals something of the applicant’s characterB. gives information about the applicant’s familyC. explains what skills the applicant has for the jobD. shows how much the applicant wants to earn43. According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A. Interviewing people is an expensive process.B. They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C. They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D. Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.44. One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was that ______.A. she was used to dealing with peopleB. she was open with the staffC. the business was already doing well when she startedD. the staff agreed with all her decisions45. Which would make the best title for this text?A. Profit-sharing as MotivationB. How I Turned a Business RoundC. People-the Key to Business SuccessD. The Importance of a Well-presented CVV. Read the following passages and finish the exercises of each one (40%):Passage 4The economic phenomena of the Barbie doll helped explain the reason why an increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas. Like the recent case of a Chinese enterprise purchasing the Volvo.The viewpoint held by Taodong, economist from UBS, is frequently borrowed by Chinese government officials and enterprises. Tao claimed that the price of a plastic Barbie doll is $20, from which Chinese manufacturers could only gain 35 cents. The lesson we could learn from this case is that it is brand that can bring profits, not “working” for overseas enterprises.The large-scale overseas M&A of China are mostly carried out by state-owned business, and their main targets are mine and oil fields, by which the raw materials of the fast-developing economy of China could be assured. On the other hand, a trend has began several years before-in hope of catching up with international competition, the ambitious private-run businesses are busy purchasing overseas brands. However, analysts indicated that this fast- developing trend would probably -lead to the overseas rebound. Moreover, because those requiring enterprises lack experience of international M&A, it would cost an arm and a leg.“Many Chinese enterprises have ranked in the list of Fortune 500, and they wish to continue improving their fame world-wide.” He Yuxin, an analyst of Long Zhou Jing Financial Research and Consulting Institution said.For the past 10 years, China has been encouraging its enterprises to “go global fearlessly”and to realize the Economic Diversification. The statistics data given by Chinese CommerceDepartment showed that from 2007 to 2008, Chinese investments abroad had more than doubled, reaching 55.9 million dollars.The tide of merging in China reminds people of Japan in the 1980s. At that time, the Japanese’s purchase of “Pebble Beach” Golf Course in California and Rockefeller Center in NY stirred up American’s unrest-they feared that Japan would rule the world.Similar resist also impediment some large-scaled M&A deals. Disputes exist about whether China will commit the same mistake as Japan. Huo Jianguo, dean of the College of International Trade and Economic Coorporation of Chinese Commerce Department, said that Chinese government would continue objecting strongly to M&A deals in sensitive industries such as oil enterprises. “However,” he said, “if the project is based on mutual reciprocity and profits, and meantime drives local employments and tax income, it will surely be accepted and promoted.”Cash-starved enterprises give warm welcome to Chinese investers and mergering proposals. General Motors lapped at selling its Hummer to Teng Zhong Industry Coorporation in Sichuan province, China. Chinese government, however, rejected the deal.A. Mark the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.(10%)46. An increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas in orderto develop domestic brand.47. Several overseas companies have already been successfully acquired by Chinese state-ownedenterprises.48. Chinese enterprises can offer lower prices in international acquisition.49. Japanese companies used to be very active in international acquisition during the 1980s.50. Chinese government is cautious towards international acquisition.Passage 5A report by Boston Consulting Group (B CC) says China represents the second largest market in Asia excluding Japan, with about US $1. 44 trillion in assets being managed for wealthy individuals defined as those whose annual income is above US $100, 000.BCG’s survey of retail banks reveals that the average private banking customer can be 10 times more profitable than an average mass market retail customer, a statistic that explains why banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy.(56) Facing the emerging wealth management market, Chinese banks have made impressive headway in the creation of new wealth management products and services. There are now more than 20 kinds of wealth management products on offer at the state-owned big four banks and national joint-stock banks. The China Everbright Bank’s November 2005 financial report shows a 20 billion yuan (US $2.5 billion) wealth management revenue, up 50 per cent over last year.Chinese banks, especially the State-owned big four, have inherent advantages in wealth management. (57) They have a large customer base and an extensive service network that offers customers accessibility and convenience. Managers at the big banks also tend to have a good relationship with local customers.However, analysts believe that, although the level of personal assets held in financial institutions in China is significant, wealth management products and services offered by Chinese banks are still relatively unsophisticated.Deng Junhao, vice president and director of BCG points out that China’s typical wealth management offering as more “hardware” than “software”.(58) Key issues that continue to stymie domestic banks’ progress include a lack of properly-trained managers, limited differentiation of customers, limited products and similar brands.Despite having 20 kinds of products to choose between, there is actually little separating them. Brands do not have a sufficiently unique or differentiated product to target specific types of customers.Competitive threatThere is only one year left until the Chinese banking market is fully liberalized and foreign institutions are able to serve individual customers in renminbi-based business.(59) Foreign banks have already experimented and learned about the market despite regulatory limitations over the type of businesses they can operate. Standard Chartered Bank has offered an “SC Priority Banking” card for customers with quarterly average account balances of US $100,000 or the equivalent, while Citibank has launched its “Citigold” product for customers with monthly average account balances of US $100, 000 or the equivalent. Both banks have set up dedicated wealth management centres in key cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.Foreign banks have many competitive advantages over local banks including brand names with internationally recognized prestige and trust, experience and expertise in a broader range of investment products and advisory models, established operational models, particularly processes, systems and policies, and capabilities to attract, train and retain the best talent.(60) Foreign banks will create tough competition in the wealth management market, as they enter the retail market and attempt to pick the most attractive customers. Unless Chinese banks can respond, there is a real and significant threat that many wealthy customers will be lured away by the highly-evolved products and services foreign banks can offer.B. Answer the following questions or complete the statements according to your understandingof the passage. (10%)51. In China, banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy because ________.。
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10 bondholder 11 bookkeeping 12 break-even point 13 budget 14 C.I.F. (cost,insurance and freight 15 C.P.I. /consumer price index 16 circulating fund 17 claim 18 clean bill 19 commercial bank 20 commission 21 common share 22 common stock 23 conglomerate 24 container 25 contract 26 core values 27 credit 28 current assets 29 customer service 30 denomination 31 depreciation 32 direct selling 33 dividend 34 durable goods 35 exchange rate 36 face value/par value 37 financial iபைடு நூலகம்stitution 38 fixed asset 39 FOB /free on board 40 GM good 41 GNP(gross national product) 42 gonvernment bond 43 gross profit 44 H shares 45 income funds 46 income statement 47 industry analyst 48 installment 49 insurance policy 50 inventory 51 investment broker 52 IPO (initial public offering) 53 layoff 54 lender 55 letters of credit (L/C) 56 life insurance 57 limited liability 58 limited liability company 59 logistics 60 market segment 61 market share 62 marketing mix 63 mass selling 64 middleman 65 monopoly 66 mutual fund 67 net asset 68 net income 69 outsource 70 overdraft 71 par value 72 physical distribution 73 policy holder 74 preference shares 75 premium 76 pricing 77 product mix 78 production line 79 profit margin 80 promissory note 81 promotion 82 public relations 83 publicity 84 purchasing power 85 rate of exchange 86 real estate 87 red chips 88 registered capital 89 retailer 90 revenue 91 savings bond 92 shareholder 93 shorthand 94 sign up 95 stock certificate 96 stock exchange 97 stock market 98 stockbroker 99 subsidiary 100 tangible product 101 target return 102 telemarketing 103 tort 104 trust 105 TT/ telegraphic transfer 106 venture capital 107 vicious cycle